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Jabbari was put in solitary confinement for two months after her arrest and went on trial in 2008
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Human rights group Amnesty International said her execution was "deeply disappointing
in the extreme".
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Both the US State Department and British Foreign Office condemned the execution.
UK Foreign Minister Tobias Ellwood MP called on Iran to abolish the use of the death
penalty.
"The UN noted that her conviction was allegedly based on confessions made while
under threat. I urge Iran to put a moratorium on all executions," he said in a statement.
A campaign calling for a halt to the execution was launched on Facebook and Twitter
last month and appeared to have brought a temporary stay in execution.
However, government news agency Tasnim said on Saturday that Jabbari had been
executed after her relatives failed to gain consent from the victim's family for a reprieve.
It said her claims of self-defence had not been proved in court.
A Facebook page set up to campaign for a stay now says simply: "Rest in peace".
'True intentions'
After her arrest, Jabbari had been placed in solitary confinement for two months, where
she reportedly did not have access to a lawyer or her family.
She was sentenced to death by a criminal court in Tehran in 2009.
Amnesty International said she was convicted after a deeply flawed investigation.
Activists say that Reyhaneh Jabbari's confession was given under duress
Hassiba Hadj Sahraoui, Amnesty's Deputy Director for the Middle East and North Africa
Programme said: "This is another bloody stain on Iran's human rights record."
"Tragically, this case is far from uncommon. Once again Iran has insisted on applying the
death penalty despite serious concerns over the fairness of the trial."
Amnesty said that although Jabbari admitted to stabbing Abdolali Sarbandi once in the
back, she alleged that there was someone else in the house who actually killed him.
Jalal Sarbandi, the victim's eldest son, said Jabbari had refused to identify the man.
He told Iranian media in April: "Only when her true intentions are exposed and she tells
the truth about her accomplice and what really went down will we be prepared to grant
mercy,"
The United Nations says Iran has executed about 250 people this year.