116 Draft Oils

GREEN BOOK 2
&
GREEN BOOK 3
Vegetable Oils
Nut Oils
CIR EXPERT PANEL MEETING

AUGUST 30-31, 2010
GREEN BOOK 2
Oils

AUGUST 30-31, 2010
CIR Panel Book Page 1
Memorandum
To:
CIR Expert Panel Members and Liaisons
From:
Christina L. Burnett, Scientific Writer/Analyst
Date:
July 30, 2010
Subject:
Draft Report of the Vegetable Oil Group
The Scientific Literature Review (SLR) for this group of edible vegetable (and fruit) oils was announced April 23,
2010. A related SLR on edible nut oils was announced in June of this year, and is to be reviewed by the Panel at this
meeting as well. If the Panel does not see any major differences in the overall toxicity potential of these two oil
groups, it may consider combining the reports into one major edible oil report.
Both reports are taking a slightly new approach to reviewing multiple related ingredients at one time and are
including oil ingredients that have previously been reviewed by the CIR Expert Panel, which are designated in italic
print.
At the time that the SLR was announced, CIR sought the following additional information:
1.
Manufacturing information about oils used in cosmetic formulation, particularly on methods used
to remove non-fatty acid components (e.g., glycidol fatty acid esters);
2.
Cosmetic grade specifications, if such exist, for oils used in cosmetic formulations.
3.
Fatty acid composition for those oils covered in this report (where such information has not been
provided or differs from what is presented).
4.
Irritation and sensitization testing on cosmetics (finished products) containing specified

concentrations of oils covered in this report.
5.
Irritation and sensitization testing on those fatty acids present in the oils covered in this report that
have previously not been reviewed by CIR.
6.
Any other information that pertains to the safety of the use in cosmetics of the oils covered in this
report.
Data on fatty acid compositions and cosmetic grade specifications, as well as an HRIPT studies on numerous oils
have been received from the Personal Care Products Council and are incorporated in this draft report in Tables 3, 4,
and 7, respectively. Due to the voluminous amount of unpublished data (800+ pages), data will be accessible online.
Paper copies will be mailed out only by request.
Please note that the new use table is being employed in this report. The raw data from which the table was created
along with any available concentration of use information have been included in the book materials.
If the data provided are sufficient for the Panel to assess the safety of these ingredients, a tentative conclusion should
be developed regarding their safety in cosmetics, along with a rationale for that conclusion. The report will then be
issued as a Tentative Safety Assessment. If additional data are needed, these should be identified and an Insufficient
Data Announcement should be issued.
For your convenience, the materials for this report can also be found at http://www.cir-safety.org/aug10.shtml.
CIR Expert Panel History with Vegetable Oils

April 2010 - CIR issued a Scientific Literature Review.
Literature Search on Vegetable Oils
Ingredients
Toxline
PubMed
ChemIDplus
HSDB
CAplus
NTIS
HPV
Merck USP
Ingredients were searched by Latin botanical (INCI) names, common names, and CAS numbers, when available. The list of ingredients searched
is found in Table 1 of the vegetable oil report.
Literature searches included chemical composition, fatty acid composition, dermal toxicity, irritation, and sensitization qualifiers.
Searches were performed between November 20, 2009 and March 30, 2010 and updated June 30 through July 8, 2010.
1
Report
Draft Report
Vegetable Oil, Related Plant-Derived Oils, and Other Derivatives

as Used in Cosmetics
August 30, 2010
The 2010 Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel members are: Chairman, Wilma F. Bergfeld, M.D., F.A.C.P.;
Donald V. Belsito, M.D.; Curtis D. Klaassen, Ph.D.; Daniel C. Liebler, Ph.D.; Ronald A Hill, Ph.D. James G.
Marks, Jr., M.D.; Ronald C. Shank, Ph.D.; Thomas J. Slaga, Ph.D.; and Paul W. Snyder, D.V.M., Ph.D. The CIR
Director is F. Alan Andersen, Ph.D. This report was prepared by Christina L. Burnett and Monice Fiume, Scientific
Analyst/Writers.
Cosmetic Ingredient Review

1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 412 " Washington, DC 20036-4702 " ph 202.331.0651 " fax 202.331.0088 "
cirinfo@cir-safety.org
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................................. 1
Chemistry............................................................................................................................................................................... 1
Processing ...................................................................................................................................................................... 2
Analytical Methods ............................................................................................................................................................ 2
Impurities ....................................................................................................................................................................... 2
Use ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Cosmetic ............................................................................................................................................................................ 3
Non-Cosmetic .................................................................................................................................................................... 4
ANIMAL TOXICOLOGY .................................................................................................................................................... 4
OILS .............................................................................................................................................................................. 4
Dermal Irritation/Sensitization/Phototoxicity .................................................................................................................... 4
Adansonia Digitata Seed Oil [Baobab] .......................................................................................................................... 4
Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Oil ........................................................................................................................... 4
Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil..................................................................................................................... 4
Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil ......................................................................................................................................... 5
Olea Europea (Olive) Fruit Oil ...................................................................................................................................... 5
Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Oil and Germ Oil .................................................................................................................. 5
Sesamum Indicum (Sesame) Seed Oil ........................................................................................................................... 5
Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Oil ............................................................................................................................. 6
Zea Mays (Corn) Oil ...................................................................................................................................................... 6
Ocular Irritation ................................................................................................................................................................. 6
Adansonia Digitata Seed Oil [Baobab] .......................................................................................................................... 6
Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil...................................................................................................................... 6
Olea Europea (Olive) Fruit Oil ...................................................................................................................................... 7
Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran and Rice Germ Oil ................................................................................................................ 7
Ribes Nigrum (Black Currant) Seed Oil ........................................................................................................................ 7
Zea Mays (Corn) Oil ...................................................................................................................................................... 7
CARCINOGENICITY .......................................................................................................................................................... 7
CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF SAFETY ............................................................................................................................ 8
Irritation/Sensitization/Allergenicity ................................................................................................................................. 8
Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Oil ........................................................................................................................... 9
Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Oil ......................................................................................................................................... 9
Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil................................................................................................................................... 9
Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil...................................................................................................................... 9
Ribes Nigrum (Black Currant) Seed Oil ...................................................................................................................... 10
Comedogenicity ............................................................................................................................................................... 10
Ribes Nigrum (Black Currant) Seed Oil ...................................................................................................................... 10
Case Studies ..................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Glycine Soja (Soybean) Oil ......................................................................................................................................... 10
Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Oil ............................................................................................................................ 10
Olea Europea (Olive) Fruit Oil .................................................................................................................................... 11
Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil................................................................................................................................. 11
SUMMARY......................................................................................................................................................................... 11
FIGURES AND TABLES ................................................................................................................................................... 14
Figure 2. Basic oil refinement flowchart.3.................................................................................................................... 15
Table 2. Previously reviewed oil and fatty acid ingredients. ........................................................................................... 18
Table 3. Fatty acid composition. ...................................................................................................................................... 20
Table 4. Chemical properties. .......................................................................................................................................... 26
ii
Table 5. Frequency of use according to duration and exposure. ......................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Table 6. Non-food, non-cosmetic uses of edible oils.3 ................................................................................................... 42
REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................................................... 48
iii
INTRODUCTION
Vegetable oil and related edible seed oils have been safely consumed by humans for millennia. Because there is no
significant safety concern with these ingredients following oral exposure and their general biology is well characterized due to
extensive use in food materials, this safety assessment will focus solely on the basic chemistry, manufacturing/production, uses,
and irritation and sensitization data available on these oils as they are used in cosmetic ingredients. Various oils have been used on
the skin since antiquity. Initially used for anointing in religious ceremonies, oils and their components have long been used on the
skin for cosmetic purposes. The full list of ingredients this report covers, which includes oils, hydrogenated oils, unsaponifiables,
oil fatty acids, and simple salts, is found in Table 1. For the sake of brevity, the common name of the oil, when available, will be
used throughout this report. While a large number of oils derived from plants are included in this literature review, there is a
commonality in that they all are mixtures of triglycerides containing fatty acids and fatty acid derivatives, the safety of which in
cosmetics have been established.
This report includes cosmetic ingredients that have been previously reviewed by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert
Panel. The ingredients, their conclusion, and published citations are found in Table 2. Previously reviewed fatty acids and
glyceryl triesters are also found in Table 2. This report excludes tree and ground nut oils, are covered in another safety
assessment.
CHEMISTRY
The group of ingredients characterized as fats and oils are the glyceryl esters of fatty acids (triglycerides) normally found
in plant tissues, including those which have been hydrogenated to reduce or eliminate unsaturation.1 Figure 1 is the general
structure of fats and oils. The raw oil may include plant sterols, pigments, glucosides, proteins, vitamins and impurities. The
extent to which these components are removed during processing varies. The available fatty acid compositions for the oils in this
report are found in Table 3. The available information on chemical properties and other constituents, including Food Chemicals
Codex specifications when provided, are found in Table 4.2
The percentage of chemical constituents in individual oil types is dependent on region where the oilseed plant is grown,
individual cultivars, and plant genetics.3 This is especially true in with rapeseed, where the erucic acid content varies from 1% to
58.6%. Low erucic acid rapeseed oil is also known as canola oil.
The nutritional content of these oils varies with oil type. For example, sunflower oil contains high levels of vitamins A,
D, and K, while palm oil is a rich source of vitamins A and E. Crude sunflower oil also has the highest content of vitamin E in the
form of -tocopherol amongst vegetable oils.3
1
Processing
Oils used in cosmetics are probably produced using the same process used in the food industry. Depending on the source,
oil may be directly expressed from the source (seed or pulp) followed by solvent extraction. Baileys Industrial Oil and Fat
Products states that the removal of pigments and polar materials is mandatory for most cosmetic applications.4 The process used
for oil refining for foods may be adequate for this purpose, or additional steps may be required. Special refining methods to yield
colorless and odorless oils are used by the cosmetic industry and include proprietary adsorption chromatography and supercritical
fluid extractions.
The majority of the oils presented in this report are produced either from mechanical extraction or solvent extraction or a
hybrid of both methods, known as prepress solvent extraction.3 In solvent extraction, hexane is the most commonly used solvent
as it is economical and has low toxicity potential when compared to other solvents. Seeds that are rich in oil can be cold pressed to
extract oil without the use of solvents.5
After the initial extraction by methods such as solvent extraction, the crude (degummed) oil is often refined.3 The first
step is treating the oil with caustic soda to neutralize free fatty acids, hydrolyze phosphatides, and remove some colored pigments
and unsaponifiable materials. Soap stock is usually a by-product of this step. The next step involves bleaching the neutralized oil
with activated earth to further absorb pigments. The last major step in refining oil is deodorizing, which removes all oxidative
cleavage products that impart odor or flavor to the oil. Deodorization also removes tocopherols, sterols, and other minor
constituents of free fatty acids and undesirable foreign materials. Figure 2 is a flowchart of the basic refinement process.
After deodorization, oils can be further processed by hydrogenation, which makes oil more resistant to oxidative and
thermal damage, and by winterization, where oil is slowly cooled to promote formation of crystals that cause cloudiness and
filtered to remove the crystals.
Cosmetic grade vegetable oils may include a physical refining step that involves heating crude vegetable oil under
vacuum.5 This step allows for the removal of volatile components such as color compounds, odor compounds, and free fatty acids,
which gives the refined oil a lighter color, less odor, and lower acid values.
Analytical Methods
According to Crevel et al., a validated analytical methodology for establishing the protein content of oil is needed.6
Impurities
Many edible oils are derived from foods that are recognized as potent food allergens. It has been shown that often an
individual that is allergic to a food will generally not react to the refined oil.6 It should be noted that while the Panel has found a
general lack of clinical effects for edible oils already reviewed,7-15 other researchers have raised concerns. Halsey et al. reported
that Lowry protein determinations of cold-pressed and refined sunflower oil found 2-8 g/ml protein,16 while Zitouni et al.
2
reported trace amounts of protein in the refined oil.17 Olszewski et al. found 0.1-0.2 g protein per g of peanut oil,18 while
Ramazzotti et al. reported finding IgE responsive residual proteins in peanut oil extracts.19 Porras et al. found soy protein is some
samples of soy oil, but not others.20 Awazuhara et al. reported 1.4-4.0 g protein per 100 g of soy oil.21 Although Paschke et al.
found approximately 35 g/ml protein content in refined soybean oil, no IgE-binding activity was detectable.22 The European
Medicines Agency (EMEA) Working Party on Herbal Medicinal Products concluded that soy and peanut products should be
treated as allergenic unless they have an analytically-monitored non-allergenic specification and a safe maximum daily dose.23
The EMEA found that threshold concentrations for induction of a protein contact dermatitis were not available and recommended
that all medications for topical use containing soya or peanut products should be treated as allergenic.
USE
Cosmetic
Oils are used in a wide variety of cosmetic products for their skin conditioning, occlusive, emollient, moisturizing and
other properties. A total of 124 of the 208 oil ingredients included in this safety assessment are reported to be used; 108 of the inuse ingredients have never been reviewed by CIR, while 16 have been reviewed previously. For the ingredients being reviewed
for the first time, the frequency of use, as supplied to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) by industry as part of the
Voluntary Cosmetic Registration Program (VCRP),24 and/or concentration of use, as supplied by industry in response to a Personal
Care Products Council (Council) survey,25,26 can be found in Table 5a. For the ingredients that have been reviewed previously, the
current and historical8,10,11,15,27-30 frequency and concentration of use is given in Table 5b. The 84 ingredients not currently
reported to be used are listed in Table 5c. Table 5d lists the 41 ingredients for which a concentration of use survey has not yet
been completed.
Sunflower seed oil has the greatest number of reported uses in cosmetic and personal care products, with a total of 1414.
Many other ingredients are used in an extensive number of formulations. For example, olive oil and soybean oil have 915 and 912
uses, respectively. Most of the in-use ingredients have uses in both leave-on and rinse-off product types, and many are used in
products that are applied around the eye or that can possibly be ingested. Some are used in products that involve mucous
membrane exposure, and a few are used in underarm deodorant formulations. Many of the products are used in formulations at
relatively high concentrations. Olive oil is used at up to 100%, avocado oil is used at up to 98%, sunflower seed oil at up to 96%,
and soybean oil at 95%.
The oil ingredients described in this report may be used in hair sprays, and effects on the lungs that may be induced by
aerosolized products containing these ingredients are of concern. The aerosol properties that determine deposition in the
respiratory system are particle size and density. The parameter most closely associated with deposition is the aerodynamic
diameter, da, defined as the diameter of a sphere of unit density possessing the same terminal settling velocity as the particle in
3
question. In humans, particles with an aerodynamic diameter of 10m are respirable. Particles with a da from 0.1 - 10m settle
in the upper respiratory tract and particles with a da < 0.1 m settle in the lower respiratory tract.31,32
Particle diameters of 60-80 m and 80 m have been reported for anhydrous hair sprays and pump hairsprays,
respectively.33 In practice, aerosols should have at least 99% of their particle diameters in the 10 110 m range and the mean
particle diameter in a typical aerosol spray has been reported as ~38 m.34 Therefore, most aerosol particles are deposited in the
nasopharyngeal region and are not respirable.
None of the oils or their related counterparts described in this report were restricted from use in any way under the rules
governing cosmetic products in the European Union.35
Non-Cosmetic
The primary uses for edible oils are for cooking. Palm oil is the world's most widely consumed edible oil (41.7 million
metric tons), followed by soybean oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower seed oil, cottonseed oil, peanut oil, palm kernel oil, coconut oil, ,and
olive oil.3,36 Non-food, non-cosmetic uses for edible oils are found in Table 6.
ANIMAL TOXICOLOGY
OILS
Irritation, sensitization and phototoxicity data available were reviewed and are summarized below. Information from
previous CIR reports on edible oils is identified by italics. No information was found for some of the oils listed in this report.
Dermal Irritation/Sensitization/Phototoxicity
Adansonia Digitata Seed Oil [Baobab]
In an alternative to the Draize test, 100% baobab oil was tested for dermal irritation in a MatTek EpiDerm MTT
viability assay.37 The MatTek EpiDerm tissue samples were incubated with 100 l of the test material for 1, 4, or 24 h along
with the positive control material, 1% Triton X-100, which was incubated for 4 or 9 h, and the negative control, undosed tissues,
which were incubated for 4 h. After treatment, the viability of the tissues was determined with MTT uptake and conversion. The
positive control provided expected results. The test material was classified as non-irritating.
Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Oil
Undiluted safflower oil was minimally irritating in a repeat open patch test using rabbits and was not a primary irritant
or sensitizer in a maximization study using guinea pigs15.
Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil
Cosmetic formulations containing 3.4-8.97% hydrogenated cottonseed oil were not irritating to rabbit skin.10
4
Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil

Undiluted palm oil was practically non- to minimally irritating to rabbit skin.8 Palm oil, 5%, was non-allergenic in a
maximization study. A facial lotion containing 1.5% palm oil was not phototoxic in the phototoxicity yeast assay.
Olea Europea (Olive) Fruit Oil
Hartley and/or Himalayan guinea pigs were used to determine the sensitization potential of olive oil. 38 Single drops of a
USP-grade olive oil that had been stored in its original metal container for 10 yrs were applied to an area clipped free of hair on the
backs of 12 guinea pigs. (The composition of the oil was not determined.) Applications were made at 2-6 wk intervals over a
period of 5 mos. Four guinea pigs were treated similarly using store-bought virgin olive oil. None of the animals had a positive
reaction following the initial application of either oil. Using the 10-yr-old olive oil, 11 of 12 of the animals had a positive reaction
at some point during the study. Some, but not all, of these guinea pigs reacted consistently following the first positive reaction; 2
animals had only one positive reaction. Two guinea pigs in this group died by wk 16. In the group dosed with virgin olive oil, one
animal had a positive reaction at wk 2 and one animal had a positive reaction at wks 4 and 6.
Twenty-two guinea pigs sensitive to the 10-yr-old USP olive oil were used to determine cross-reactivity with the storebought virgin olive oil, another store-bought olive oil (not specified as virgin olive oil), corn oil, and peanut oil. The 5 oils were
applied simultaneously to the backs of the guinea pigs. Eighteen of the animals reacted to the virgin olive oil, and 18 reacted to the
other store-bought olive oil. (Overlap of these animals was not complete.) Cross-reactivity to corn or peanut oil was not observed.
The researchers then applied single drops of the unsaponifiable fraction of the 10-yr-old oil to 8 sensitized and 4 nonsensitized guinea pigs. All of the sensitized animals reacted to the unsaponifiable fraction, while the non-sensitized animals did
not react.
Olive oil is used as a vehicle in the murine local lymph node assay (LLNA), an in vitro assay developed to assess a
chemicals potential to induce allergic contact dermatitis in humans.39 The LLNA protocol states that the solvent/vehicle should
be selected on the basis of maximizing the test concentrations while producing a solution/suspension suitable for application of the
test substance. The recommended vehicle is acetone/olive oil (4:1 v/v).
Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Oil and Germ Oil
Undiluted rice bran oil was not irritating to rabbits, and in a guinea pig maximization study, no reactions were observed
when 55 was used at induction and 25 and 50% rice bran oil were used at challenge. 11 Rice germ oil was not a primary dermal
irritant, and a rice bran oil/rice germ oil mixture, concentrations not stated, did not cause a contact allergy response. Undiluted
hydrolyzed rice protein was also not irritating or sensitizing. Undiluted rice bran oil and rice germ oil, 75%, were not
phototoxic or photosensitizing.
Sesamum Indicum (Sesame) Seed Oil
5
Undiluted sesame oil was non- or minimally irritating to rabbit skin.30

Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Oil
Wheat germ oil, undiluted and at 2% in formulation, was non- to mildly irritating, and undiluted wheat germ oil was not
sensitizing to guinea pigs.13
Zea Mays (Corn) Oil
A group of 6 Hartley and/or Himalayan guinea pigs were used to determine the sensitization potential of store-bought
corn oil. 38 None of the animals had a positive reaction following the initial application. Two animals had positive reactions
following application at wks 4 and 6, while one animal had a positive reaction following application at wk 12.
Ocular Irritation
Adansonia Digitata Seed Oil [Baobab]
In an alternative to the Draize rabbit eye test, 100% baobab oil was tested for ocular irritation in a MatTek EpiOcular
MTT viability assay.37 The MatTek EpiOcular tissue samples were treated with 100 l of the test material for 16, 64, or 256
minutes along with the positive control material, 0.3% Triton X-100, which was treated for 15 or 45 minutes, and the negative
control, tissue culture water, which was treated for 16 minutes. After treatment, the viability of the tissues was determined with
MTT uptake and conversion. The positive control provided expected results. The test material was classified as non-irritating.
Undiluted palm oil and cosmetic lotions and creams containing 1.5-2.0% palm oil were minimally irritating to the eyes of
rabbits, while one lotion containing 1.5% palm oil was moderately irritating.8 Hydrogenated palm oil suppositories were mildly
irritating to rabbit eyes.
Cosmetic formulations containing 3.4-12.3% hydrogenated cottonseed oil were mildly irritating to the eyes of rabbits.10
Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil
A mascara containing 9.4% linseed oil was tested for eye irritation potential in an in vitro study using neutral red release
(NRR), hens egg test on chorio-allantoic membrane (HET-CAM), and reconstituted human epithelial culture (REC) assays.40 For
the NRR assay, the test product was diluted at 0%, 5%, 15%, 25%, 35%, and 50% in mineral oil. The NR50 of the test product was
greater than 50% and the test product was considered slightly cytotoxic. In the HET-CAM assay, the score was 6.25 and the test
product was considered moderately irritating when applied under a 67.1% solution in mineral oil. Finally in the REC assay, the
cumulative simplified mean cytotoxicity index (SMCI) was calculated to be 0.25 and the test product was considered slightly
cytotoxic when applied under a 66.9% solution in mineral oil. Overall, the study concluded that the mascara containing 9.4%
linseed oil may be slightly irritating.
6

The ocular irritation potential of high purity olive oil was evaluated using in vivo and in vitro testing.41 In vivo, a Draize
test was conducted using New Zealand rabbits. (The number of animals used was not specified.) Undiluted olive oil was not an
ocular irritant in this test. Using human conjunctival epithelial cells in an in vitro study, olive oil did not induce cellular necrosis
or apoptosis.
Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran and Rice Germ Oil
A mixture of rice bran oil and rice germ oil, concentrations not stated, were not irritating to rabbit eyes.11 Undiluted rice
bran oil was considered minimally irritating, and rice germ oil, concentration not stated, was not a primary irritant.
Ribes Nigrum (Black Currant) Seed Oil
A 50% dilution of an eye mask containing 0.2% black currant seed oil was tested in a HET-CAM assay.42 Two eye gels
with vitamin E at 50% were used as reference products. The average score was 2.00, where a mean score of 0-4.9 considered
practically none for irritation potential.
Undiluted sesame oil was non- to minimally irritating to rabbit eyes, and a lipstick containing 10-11% sesame oil was not
an ocular irritant.30
Undiluted wheat germ oil was, at most, a minimal ocular irritant, and 2% in a water emulsion was not irritating.13
Zea Mays (Corn) Oil
The ocular irritation potential of high purity corn oil was evaluated using in vivo and in vitro testing.41 In vivo, a Draize
test was conducted using New Zealand rabbits. (The number of animals used was not specified.) Undiluted corn oil was not an
ocular irritant in this test. Using human conjunctival epithelial cells in an in vitro study, corn oil did not induce cellular necrosis or
apoptosis.
CARCINOGENICITY
The safety of glycidol fatty acid esters in refined vegetable oils was assessed by IARC. Glycidol was determined to be a
Group2A (probably carcinogenic to humans) chemical while Glycidol Fatty Acid Esters was determined to be a Group 3 (not
classifiable as to carcinogenicity to humans) chemical.43,44
The Federal Institute for Risk Assessment in Germany released a summary of their initial evaluation of the assessment of
levels of glycidol fatty acid esters detected in refined vegetable fats.45 While acknowledging that the levels of glycidol that may be
7
released from glycidol fatty acid esters are not known, the evaluation noted that glycidol is classified as probably carcinogenic to
humans. The evaluation was based on findings of the German Chemical and Veterinary Test Agency (CVUA).
In a presentation by Weisshauer from the CVUA, the conversion of glycidol to 3-chloropropanediol was presented as an
artifact of the analytical method, and it appeared to be the 3-chloropropanediol that was detected its indicative of the presence of
glycidol.46 The levels of 3-chloropropanediol were negligible at the crude oil, degummed, neutralized, and bleached stages, but
levels were significant at the deodorized stage.
CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF SAFETY

Edible oils are commonly believed to be safe for use on the skin.4 de Groot notes that no documentation exist to show that
high quality edible lipids cause adverse reactions in normal individuals (except for potential comedogenicity).47 Very few reports
of adverse reactions to cosmetic use of edible oils have been reported.
Irritation/Sensitization/Allergenicity
Many edible oils are derived from foods that are recognized as potent food allergens. It has been shown that often an
individual that is allergic to a food will generally not react to the refined oil.6 A prime example is peanut oil. While the safety of
peanut oil is not being addressed in this assessment, it is being discussed here to demonstrate that although a food might cause
allergic reactions, the oil usually does not. Peanuts are extremely allergenic to a large population, but reaction to the oil is rare. In
its safety assessment on peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil, the Expert Panel noted that the major concern associated with allergic
reactions to peanuts is the protein.9 The protein does not partition into the refined oil, and therefore the oil is safe for use in
cosmetics. Crevel et al. also concluded that chemically refined peanut oil is safe for the majority of peanut allergic individuals.6
They stated that as peanut is acknowledged to be one of the most potent food allergens, it is reasonable to extrapolate the
conclusions drawn up for peanut oil to other edible oils. However, they concede that validated analytical methodology for
establishing the protein content of oil is needed.
In support of the conclusions stated earlier, Crevel et al. also examined the allergenicity of some other oils. Very few
instances of allergic reactions to other major edible oils have been reported. Even sesame oil, which differs from the other oils in
that it is used as a flavorant and therefore is not as refined and expected to contain significantly more protein that the other edible
oils, has had very few reports of allergic reaction. Additional studies demonstrating safety are summarized later in this section.16,48
Specific information on clinical dermal irritation and sensitization findings from previous CIR reports on edible oils are
described below and are identified by italics. New clinical irritation and sensitization data is summarized in Table 7.
8
Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Oil

Cosmetic formulations containing 3-5% safflower oil were not irritating to humans in occlusive patch tests and were not
primary irritants or sensitizers in repeated insult patch tests.15
Palm oil, 15% in petrolatum or cosmetic formulations containing 1.0-2.0%, was not an irritant or sensitizer in clinical
studies.8 Bar soap flakes, tested at dilutions that contained 2.13% palm kernel oil, were not irritating or sensitizing.
In a clinical patch test, the irritation potential of a cosmetic formulation containing 3.4% hydrogenated cottonseed oil
was mildly low, and the severity of reaction to 10.4% hydrogenated cottonseed oil was acceptably low in a use study.10 Cosmetic
formulations containing 10.6-20.86% hydrogenated cottonseed oil were not irritating or sensitizing. Patients that were
hypersensitive to cottonseed proteins were not sensitive to cottonseed oil in a skin prick test.
Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Oil
Rice is generally regarded as hypoallergenic, although some case studies of allergic reactions to raw rice have been
reported.11 In clinical testing, formulations containing 1.04-8.0% rice bran oil were not irritating or sensitizing, and formulations
containing 1.04% rice bran oil were not photosensitizing. Hydrolyzed rice protein was not irritating to human subjects.
Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil
Avocado was not an irritant or sensitizers when human subjects were patch tested with cosmetic formulations containing
up to 10.7% avocado oil or in patch tests using 100% avocado oil.14
In clinical testing, undiluted sesame oil was not irritating.30 Cosmetic formulations containing 8-14.3% sesame oil were
non- to essentially non-irritating. Prophetic patch testing with formulations containing 10-11% sesame oil were not irritating with
or without UV light. Patients with contact allergy to sesame oil were patch tested, and most had positive reactions to sesamol,
sesamin, and sesamolin.
In clinical testing, wheat germ oil was not an irritant or a sensitizer.13
Ocular Irritation
The ocular irritation potential of a mascara containing 9.4% linseed oil was tested in 33 female subjects for 4 weeks.49 Of
the 33 subjects, 16 were contact lens wearers and the remaining 17 were self-assessed sensitive eye non-contact lens wearers. One
subject dropped out of the study for non-treatment related reasons. Subjects were evaluated with subjective questionnaires
9
regarding ocular sensation following product use as well as with objective ophthalmic findings. Trace increases in palpebral
conjunctival irritation were observed in only one subject, but this result was thought to be non-treatment related by the study
investigators. No subjective irritation was reported and no adverse events were reported. The study concluded that the test
material was clinically safe for use by contact lens wearers and self-assessed sensitive eye non-contact wearers.
An in-use 4 week study was conducted on an eye mask that contained 0.2% black currant seed oil (undiluted) in 52
subjects.50 Subjects were evaluated by an ophthalmologist and a dermatologist at baseline and at the end of the study. No adverse
reactions were observed. The eye mask was considered ophthalmologist tested and safe for contact lens wearers.
Comedogenicity
A comedogenicity study of an eye mask containing 0.2% black currant seed oil (undiluted) was performed on 6
subjects.51 The test material was applied with occlusive patches. The average score was 0.00 comedones/cm2. The eye mask was
found to be non-comedogenic.
Case Studies
Glycine Soja (Soybean) Oil
Seven patients with a history of immediate hypersensitivity reaction after the ingestion of soybeans were enrolled in a
double-blind crossover study.48 The patients were first skin tested by the puncture method with a crude whole soybean extract, a
partially hydrogenated oil, a non-hydrogenated oil, and a cold-pressed soybean oil. Olive oil from a retailer was used as a negative
control. Since all 7 patients had negative skin tests to the oils and positive reactions to the crude soybean extract, they were
challenged orally with capsules of each of the oils in random order on 4 separate days. None of the patients reacted to the oral
challenges. The researchers remarked that while a reaction to the cold-pressed soybean oil did not occur in this study, cold-pressed
oils may contain soybean protein and should be avoided.
The sera from 4 patients with known allergy to soybean was used to examine the allergenicity of soy oil proteins.21
Neither the IgE nor the IgG4 in the sera reacted to protein in the soy oil.
Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Oil
Two cases were reported of patients having anaphylactic reactions following ingestion of sunflower seeds.16 No
reactions were seen upon oral or open challenge with refined or cold-pressed sunflower oils, both of which were shown to contain
detectable amounts of protein. However, in a case report of a woman who had been desensitized to mugwort (a member of the
Compositae family) pollen for a year, but then had an anaphylactic reaction to sunflower (also a member of the Compositae
family) seeds, it was found that she had a delayed positive reaction to sunflower oil in a skin prick test.52 Prick test results with 10
10
control subjects were negative. In an oral challenge test, a delayed reaction was again observed, with symptoms occurring 2.25-8
h after administration.
Throughout the literature, it is stated that sensitization to olive oil is considered rare. Case reports have been described,
however, and generally involved patients with venous eczema, some type of dermatitis or lesion, or an occupational exposure.
Patch testing with olive oil produced positive reactions in most of these cases, and these results were usually regarded as
allergenic. The concentrations of olive oil tested were not always given, but when stated, test concentrations giving positive
results, ranged from 30-100%. In some cases, the constituents of olive oil were tested as well, but the results of that testing were
negative.53-60
Krnke et al. investigated whether the reactions to olive oil were contact sensitization or irritation, using open and
occlusive testing. They concluded that olive oil presented as a weak irritant rather than a contact sensitizer in the few case studies
they observed. The capacity to produce an irritant result was increased using occlusive conditions.61 Zipprich and Hauser
remarked that components capable of inducing an irritant reaction can form if the olive oil isnt stored properly.62
A case study was reported in which a female subject had dermatitis around the eyes and earlobes.63 Patch testing with her
sunscreen resulted in positive results. In subsequent patch testing of the individual ingredients, a positive reaction to undiluted
avocado oil, but not to the active ingredient, was observed. Twenty controls subjects were used, and reactions to avocado oil were
not seen.
A case study was reported in which a woman applied a Chinese ointment containing sesame oil, resulting in pruritic
erythema, papules, and vesicles. 64 Patch testing was performed with the ointment and with the individual ingredients, including
undiluted sesame oil. Both the ointment and sesame oil produced positive reactions on days 2, 3, 4, and 11. The other components
did not cause a reaction. Results were negative in patch testing of sesame oil using 20 healthy subjects.
SUMMARY
The oils derived from vegetable and fruit plants are composed of mono-, di-, and triglycerides, free fatty acids and other
minor components, including natural antioxidants and fat-soluble vitamins. The percentage of chemical constituents and
nutritional content of individual oil types is dependent on region where the oil plant is grown, individual cultivars, and plant
genetics. Oils used in cosmetics are likely produced in the same manner as those used in the food industry. Oils may be expressed
11
through mechanical or solvent extraction. The oils may undergo further refining to remove pigments, odors, unsaponifiable
materials, and other undesirables.
It has been shown that often an individual that is allergic to a food will generally not react to the refined oil. The CIR
Expert Panel has found a general lack of clinical effects for edible oils that they have already reviewed; however, other researchers
have raised concerns about the presence of residual proteins oils, such as peanut and soy. These ingredients may also contain
aflatoxins, a metabolic products of certain molds that are carcinogenic to humans. The FDA action level for aflatoxin in foods is
20 ppb.
Of the oils described in this report, sunflower seed oil has the most reported uses in cosmetic and personal care products
with a total of 1414 and is used at a maximum concentration of 96%. Oils are used in a wide variety of cosmetic products,
including use in hair spray and other aerosolized products. None of the oils or the related counterparts described in this report
were restricted from use in the European Union.
Oils not summarized in the animal toxicity section or clinical studies section of this report had no available data for
review.
In dermal irritation studies in animals, Adansonia Digitata seed oil [baobab], hydrogenated cottonseed oil, rice bran oil,
and rice germ oil were not irritating. Undiluted safflower oil was minimally irritating in rabbits, but it was not a primary irritant in
guinea pigs. Undiluted palm oil, sesame oil, and wheat germ oil were practically non-irritating to minimally irritating in rabbits.
Safflower oil, palm oil, rice bran oil, rice germ oil, and wheat germ oil were non-sensitizing in animal studies. Rice bran oil, rice
germ oil, and palm oil were not phototoxic in animals studies.
In animal ocular studies, Adansonia Digitata seed oil [baobab], olive oil, rice germ oil, black currant seed oil, 10-11%
sesame seed oil, 2% wheat germ oil, and corn oil were non-irritating. Undiluted palm oil and palm oil at 2% were minimally
irritating to rabbit eyes. Hydrogenated palm oil and 3.4% - 12.3% hydrogenated cottonseed oil were considered mildly irritating.
In a HET-CAM study, 9.4% linseed oil was slightly irritating. Undiluted rice bran oil and undiluted wheat germ oil were
minimally irritating to eyes, while undiluted sesame oil was non- to minimal ocular irritants.
Glycidol and glycidol fatty acid esters, possible constituents in refined vegetable oils, were determined to be Group 2A
(probably carcinogenic to humans) and Group 3 (not classifiable as to carcinogenicity to humans) chemicals, respectively, by
IARC.
Edible oils are believed to be safe for use on the skin and very few reports of adverse reactions have been reported. The
proteins that are responsible for allergenic responses in individuals with food allergies do not partition into refined oils.
12
In previously reviewed oils, safflower oil, palm oil, hydrogenated cottonseed oil, rice bran oil, avocado oil, sesame oil,
and wheat oil were non-irritating and/or non-sensitizing in human studies. In many of the oils found in this report, no irritation
and/or sensitization reactions were observed in human repeated insult patch tests.
In clinical studies, 0.2% black currant seed and 9.4% linseed oil were not ocular irritants. Black currant seed oil at 0.2%
was also non-comedogenic. Cases of contact allergy have been reported for soybean oil, sunflower oil, olive oil, avocado oil, and
sesame seed oil.
13
FIGURES AND TABLES
H2 C
OCR
O
OCR'
HC
O
OCR"
H2 C
-OCR, -OCR', and -OCR" may be the same or diff erent f atty acid radicals.
Figure 1. General structure of fats and oils.1
14
Crude Oil
Water
Degummed Oil
Lecithin Sludge
Alkali
Deodorization
Alkali Refined Oil
Salad Oil
Soap Stock
Activated Earth
Deodorization
Salad Oil
Bleached Oil
H2, Catalyst
Deodorization
Cooking Oil
Partially
Hydrogenated Oil
Winterization &
Deodorization
Deodorization
Other Fatty Oil
Deodorization
Shortening
Stock
Blended Oils
Deodorization
Margarine Stock
Figure 2. Basic oil refinement flowchart.3
15
Salad and
Cooking Oil
Vegetable (Olus) Oil (CAS No. 68956-68-3)

Hydrogeanted Vegetable Oil (CAS No. 68334-28-1)
Major Oils
Brassica Campestris (Rapeseed) Seed Oil (CAS No. 8002-13-9)
Brassica Campestris (Rapeseed) Oil Unsaponifiables
Hydrogenated Rapeseed Oil (CAS No. 84681-71-0)
Potassium Rapeseedate
Rapeseed Acid
Sodium Rapeseedate
Canola Oil (CAS No. 8002-13-9; 120962-03-0)
Canola Oil Unsaponifiables
Hydrogenated Canola Oil
Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Seed Oil (CAS No. 8001-23-8)
Hydrogenated Safflower Seed Oil
Potassium Safflowerate
Safflower Acid
Sodium Safflowerate
Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil (CAS No. 8002-75-3)
Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Kernel Oil (CAS No. 8023-79-8)
Hydrogenated Palm Oil (CAS No. 8033-29-2; 68514-74-9)
Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Oil (CAS No. 68990-82-9; 84540-04-5)
Palm Kernel Acid
Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Butter (CAS No. 8002-75-3)
Elaeis Oleifera Kernel Oil
Elaeis (Palm) Oil
Palm Acid
Hydrogenated Palm Acid
Potassium Palmate
Potassium Hydrogenated Palmate
Potassium Palm Kernelate
Sodium Hydrogenated Palmate
Sodium Palmate (CAS No. 61790-79-2)
Sodium Palm Kernelate (CAS No. 61789-89-7)
Glycine Soja (Soybean) Oil (CAS No. 8001-22-7)
Glycine Soja (Soybean) Oil Unsaponifiables (CAS No. 91770-67-1)
Hydrogenated Soybean Oil (CAS No. 8016-70-4)
Soy Acid (CAS No. 68308-53-2)
Potassium Soyate
Sodium Soyate
Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil (CAS No. 8001-29-4)
Cottonseed Acid (CAS No. 68308-51-0)
Hydrogenated Cottonseed Oil (CAS No. 68334-00-9)
* previously reviewed ingredients are in bold and italics
16
Table 1. Edible oils and their derivatives.*

Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil (CAS No. 8001-21-6)
Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil Unsaponifiables
Hydrogenated Sunflower Seed Oil
Sunflower Seed Acid (CAS No. 84625-38-7)
Olea Europea (Olive) Fruit Oil (CAS No. 8001-25-0)
Hydrogenated Olive Oil
Hydrogeanted Olive Oil Unsaponifiables
Olive Acid (CAS No. 92044-96-7)
Olea Europaea (Olive) Husk Oil
Olea Europaea (Olive) Oil Unsaponifiables (CAS No. 156798-12-8)
Potassium Olivate (CAS No. 68154-77-8)
Sodium Olivate (CAS No. 64789-88-6)
Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Oil (CAS No. 68553-81-1; 84696-37-7)
Oryza Sativa (Rice) Germ Oil
Rice Bran Acid (CAS No. 93165-33-4)
Hydrogenated Rice Bran Oil
Oryza Sativa (Rice) Seed Oil
Sesamum Indicum (Sesame) Seed Oil (CAS No. 8008-74-0)
Hydrogenated Sesame Seed Oil
Sesamum Indicum (Sesame) Oil Unsaponifiables
Sodium Sesameseedate
Sesamum Indicum (Sesame) Seed Butter
Zea Mays (Corn) Oil (CAS No. 8001-30-7)
Zea Mays (Corn) Germ Oil
Zea Mays (Corn) Oil Unsaponifiables
Corn Acid (CAS No. 68308-50-9)
Potassium Cornate (CAS No. 61789-23-9)
Minor Oils
Actinidia Chinensis (Kiwi) Seed Oil
Adansonia Digitata Oil [Baobab]
Adansonia Digitata Seed Oil
Hydrogenated Adansonia Digitata Seed Oil
Amaranthus Hypochondriacus Seed Oil [Amaranth]
Arctium Lappa Seed Oil [Burdock]
Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil [Argan]
Hydrogenated Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil
Astrocaryum Murumuru Seed Butter [Murumuru]
Sodium Astrocaryum Murumuruate
Avena Sativa (Oat) Kernel Oil
Bassia Butyracea Seed Butter
Bassia Latifolia Seed Butter [Mahwa]
Borago Officinalis Seed Oil [Borage] (CAS No. 225234-12-8)
Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Seed Oil (CAS No. 70955-25-8)

Cucurbita Pepo (Pumpkin) Seed Oil (CAS No. 8016-49-7)
Hydrogenated Pumpkin Seed Oil
Cynara Cardunculus Seed Oil [Artichoke] (CAS No. 923029-60-1)
Euterpe Oleracea Fruit Oil [Acai]
Fragaria Ananassa (Strawberry) Seed Oil
Fragaria Chiloensis (Strawberry) Seed Oil
Fragaria Vesca (Strawberry) Seed Oil
Fragaria Virginiana (Strawberry) Seed Oil
Garcinia Indica Seed Butter [Kokum]
Guizotia Abyssinica Seed Oil [Ramtil]
Hippophae Rhamnoides Oil [Sea-Buckthorn]
Brassica Napus Seed Oil [Rapeseed]

Brassica Oleracea Acephala Seed Oil [Kale]
Brassica Oleracea Italica (Broccoli) Seed Oil
Camelina Sativa Seed Oil [False Flax]
Hydrogenated Camelina Sativa Seed Oil
Camellia Japonica Seed Oil
Camellia Kissi Seed Oil [Tea]
Camellia Oleifera Seed Oil [Tea Seed]
Hydrogenated Camellia Oleifera Seed Oil
Camellia Sinensis Seed Oil
Carica Papaya Seed Oil [Papaya]
Caryocar Brasiliense Fruit Oil [Pequi]
Chenopodium Quinoa Seed Oil [Quinoa]
Citrullus Lanatus (Watermelon) Seed Oil
Citrus Aurantifolia (Lime) Seed Oil
Citrus Aurantifolia (Lime) Seed Oil Unsaponifiables
Hydrogenated Lime Seed Oil
Hydrogenated Lime Seed Oil Unsaponifiables
Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Seed Oil
Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Seed Oil Unsaponifiables
Hydrogenated Orange Seed Oil
Hydrogenated Orange Seed Oil Unsaponifiables
Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Seed Oil
Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Seed Oil Unsaponifiables
Citrus Paradisi (Grapefruit) Seed Oil
Hydrogenated Grapefruit Seed Oil
Hydrogenated Grapefruit Seed Oil Unsaponifiables
Citrus Limon (Lemon) Seed Oil (CAS No. 85085-28-5)
Coix Lacryma-Jobi (Job's Tears) Seed Oil
Crambe Abyssinica Seed Oil [Abyssinian Mustard]
Hydrogenated Apricot Kernel Oil Unsaponifiables

Prunus Armeniaca (Apricot) Kernel Oil Unsaponifiables
Prunus Avium (Sweet Cherry) Seed Oil
Prunus Domestica Seed Oil [Prune/Plum]
Prunus Persica (Peach) Kernel Oil (CAS No. 8002-78-6; 8023-98-1)
Hydrogenated Peach Kernel Oil
Punica Granatum Seed Oil [Pomegrante]
Hydrogenated Punica Granatum Seed Oil
Pyrus Malus (Apple) Seed Oil
Ribes Nigrum (Black Currant) Seed Oil (CAS No. 97676-19-2)
Hydrogenated Black Currant Seed Oil
Ribes Rubrum (Currant) Seed Oil
Rosa Canina Fruit Oil [Dog Rose]
Hydrogenated Rosa Canina Fruit Oil
Rubus Chamaemorus Seed Oil [Cloudberry]
Rubus Idaeus (Raspberry) Seed Oil
Lycium Barbarum Seed Oil [Goji Berry]

Mangifera Indica (Mango) Seed Oil
Mangifera Indica (Mango) Seed Butter
Sodium Mangoseedate
Morinda Citrifolia Seed Oil [Noni]
Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil [Ben]
Moringa Pterygosperma Seed Oil
Oenothera Biennis (Evening Primrose) Oil
Hydrogenated Evening Primrose Oil
Orgibnya Cohune Seed Oil [Cohune]
Orbignya Oleifera Seed Oil [Babassu] (CAS No. 91078-92-1)
Orbignya Speciosa Kernel Oil [Babassu]
Babassu Acid
Potassium Babassuate
Sodium Babassuate
Passiflora Edulis Seed Oil [Passion Fruit] (CAS No. 87676-26-1)
* previously reviewed ingredients are in bold and italics
17
Plukenetia Volubilis Seed Oil [Sacha Inchi]

Prunus Armeniaca (Apricot) Kernel Oil (CAS No. 72869-69-3)
Hydrogenated Apricot Kernel Oil
Table 1. Edible oils and their derivatives.*

Hydrogenated Passiflora Edulis Seed Oil
Perilla Ocymoides Seed Oil [Perilla]
Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil (CAS No. 8024-32-6)
Hydrogenated Avocado Oil
Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Butter
Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil Unsaponifiables (CAS No. 9177040-0)
Sodium Avocadoate
Luffa Cylindrica Seed Oil [Luffa]

Lupinus Albus Seed Oil [White Lupine]
Lupinus Albus Oil Unsaponifiables
Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil (CAS No. 8001-26-1)

Linseed Acid (CAS No. 68424-45-3)
Hippophae Rhamnoides Fruit Oil [Sea-Buckthorn]

Hippophae Rhamnoides Seed Oil [Sea-Buckthorn]
Irvingia Gabonensis Kernel Butter [Dika] (CAS No. 192230-28-7)
Limnanthes Alba (Meadowfoam) Seed Oil (CAS No. 153065-40-8)
Hydrogenated Meadowfoam Seed Oil
Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Seed Butter (CAS No. 8002-31-1)

Sodium Cocoa Butterate
Theobroma Grandiflorum Seed Butter [Cupuacu] (CAS No.
394236-97-6)
Sodium Theobroma Grandiflorum Seedate
Torreya Nucifera Seed Oil [Kaya]
Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Oil (CAS No. 8006-95-9; 6891773-7)
Hydrogenated Wheat Germ Oil
Hydrogenated Wheat Germ Oil Unsaponifiables
Triticum Aestivum (Wheat) Germ Oil
Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Oil Unsaponifiables
Wheat Germ Acid (CAS No. 68938-32-9)
Vaccinium Corymbosum (Blueberry) Seed Oil
Vaccinium Macrocarpon (Cranberry) Seed Oil
Hydrogenated Cranberry Seed Oil
Vaccinium Myrtillus Seed Oil [Bilberry] (CAS No. 1161921-09-0)
Vaccinium Vitis-Idaea Seed Oil [Ligonberry]
Vanilla Planifolia Fruit Oil [Vanilla] (CAS No. 8024-06-4)
Vitis Vinifera (Grape) Seed Oil (CAS No. 8024-22-4)
Sodium Grapeseedate
Hydrogenated Grapeseed Oil
Hydrogenated Raspberry Seed Oil

Sclerocarya Birrea Seed Oil [Marula]
Silybum Marianum Seed Oil [Thistle]
Solanum Lycopersicum (Tomato) Seed Oil
Solanum Lycopersicum (Tomato) Fruit Oil
Ingredients
Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Oil (CAS No. 8006-95-9; 68917-73-7)

Fatty Acids
Arachidonic Acid (CAS No. 506-32-1)
Hydroxystearic Acid (CAS No. 106-14-9)
Lauric Acid (CAS No. 143-07-7)
Myristic Acid (CAS No. 544-63-8)
Oleic Acid (CAS No. 112-80-1)
Palmitic Acid (CAS No. 57-10-3)
Stearic Acid (CAS No. 57-11-4)
Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil (CAS No. 8024-32-6)

Corn Acid (CAS No. 68308-50-9)
Potassium Cornate (CAS No. 61789-23-9)
Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Seed Oil (CAS No. 8001-23-8)

Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil (CAS No. 8002-75-3)
Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Kernel Oil (CAS No. 8023-79-8)
Hydrogenated Palm Oil (CAS No. 8033-29-2; 68514-74-9)
Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Oil (CAS No. 68990-82-9; 84540-04-5)
Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil (CAS No. 8001-29-4)
Cottonseed Acid (CAS No. 68308-51-0)
Hydrogenated Cottonseed Oil (CAS No. 68334-00-9)
Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Oil (CAS No. 68553-81-1; 84696-37-7)
Rice Bran Acid (CAS No. 93165-33-4)
Sesamum Indicum (Sesame) Seed Oil (CAS No. 8008-74-0)
Zea Mays (Corn) Oil (CAS No. 8001-30-7)
Oil Ingredients
18
JACT 6(3):321-401, 1987;

Re-reviewed, not reopened IJT 25(2):1-89, 2006
IJT 18(S1):1-10, 1999
Safe
Insufficient data
Safe
Safe
JACT 12 (5):481-559, 1993
Safe
Safe
JACT 12(3):261-277, 1993;

Amended Final Report, 2009
JEPT 4(4):33-45, 1980;

Safe
IJT 25(S2):91-120, 2006
JEPT 4(4):93-103, 1980;

Safe
IJT 20(S2):21-29, 2001
Safe
Safe
IJT 19(S2):7-28, 2000
Final Report, 2008
Safe
Conclusion
JACT 4(5):171-197, 1985;

Publication Date
Table 2. Previously reviewed oil and fatty acid ingredients.
Glyceryl Triesters
Trilaurin
Triarachidin
Tribehenin
Tricaprin
Tricaprylin
Trierucin
Triheptanoin
Triheptylundecanoin
Triisononanoin
Triisopalmitin
Triisostearin
Trilinolein
Trimyristin
Trioctanoin
Triolein
Tripalmitin
Tripalmitolein
Triricinolein
Tristearin
Triundecanoin
Glyceryl Triacetyl Hydroxystearate
Glyceryl Triacetyl Ricinoleate
Glyceryl Stearate Diacetate
Ingredients
19
IJT 20 (S4):61-94, 2001
Table 2. Previously reviewed oil and fatty acid ingredients (continued).

Publication Date
Safe
Conclusion
21
Trace
30
45
8-12; 8-16.5
0.2 - 1.6
2.5 - 4.5; 0-4

19 49; 20-43
34 62; 50-66
0-2
1
1
Trace
0.1 - 1.7
Cotton
Seed Oil10
*Shadowing identifies previously reviewed ingredients.
Others
Oleic/Linoleic
Saturated, General
Fatty Acids
Caproic (C6)
Caprylic (C8)
Capric (C10)
Lauric (C12)
Myristic (C14)
Myristoleic (C14:1)
Palmitic (C16)
Palmitoleic (C16:1)
Heptadecanoic (C17:0)
Stearic (C18)
Oleic (C18:1)
Linoleic (C18:2)
Linolenic (C18:3)
Arachidic (C20)
Eicosenoic (C20:1)
Eicosadienoic (C20:2)
Behenic (C22)
Erucic (C22:1)
Docosadienoic (C22:2)
Docosahexaenoic (C22:6)
Lignoceric (C24)
Arachidonic (C20:4n6)
Arachidontrienoic
Corn
Oil28,65,66 *
Trace
Trace
0.5 - 3.5
53 - 86
3.5 - 20
0 - 1.5
Trace
7.5 - 20
0.3 - 3.5
Trace
Olive Oil
4.5
39.2
10.1
0.4
0.4
44
0.1
0.2
1.1
Palm
Oil8
0.2
2
15.1
2.7
7.8
Palm Kernel
Oil8
0.3
4.4
3.7
48.3
15.6
20
1 - 58.6
5.6 - 3.1
0.7 - 1.3
12.1 - 57.4
11.4 - 22.1
8.3 - 12.5
1.5 - 3
Rapeseed
Oil3
Table 3. Fatty acid composition.
1-2.0
42-50
< 1.0
8-10.0
< 1.0
38-42
1
< 1.0
3-5.0
< 1.0
Fully
Hydrogenated
Rapeseed Oil2
< C14 = <

0.1; C24:1 =
< 0.2
< 0.2
< 0.5
< 2.0
< 2.5
> 50
< 40.0
< 14
< 1.0
< 2.0
< 6.0
< 1.0
< 0.2
Canola Oil2
26
68
Trace
Trace
Safflower
Seed Oil15,67
Trace of
components
below C14
<0.5
3.5 - 6.0
35 - 50
35 - 50
<1.0
<1.0
<0.5
7.0 - 12.0
<0.5
<0.5
Sesame Seed
Oil7,30
Others
Oleic/Linoleic
Saturated, General
Fatty Acids
Caproic (C6)
Caprylic (C8)
Capric (C10)
Lauric (C12)
Myristic (C14)
Myristoleic (C14:1)
Palmitic (C16)
Palmitoleic (C16:1)
Stearic (C18)
Oleic (C18:1)
Linoleic (C18:2)
Linolenic (C18:3)
Arachidic (C20)
Eicosenoic (C20:1)
Behenic (C22)
Erucic (C22:1)
Lignoceric (C24)
Arachidontrienoic
12 - 13.5
11.5 - 60.0
25 - 63.1
2.9 - 12.1
Soybean
Oil3
Acai
Oil68
22
2
2
60
12
Trace
2.5
Sunflower
Seed Oil3
5.0 - 7.2
2.0 - 6.5
14.7 - 37.2
51.5 - 73.5
Trace - 0.3
0.3 - 1
3
22 - 26
46 - 50
19 - 20
Amaranth
Oil69
90-93
Small quantity
Apricot
Kernel Oil3
21
3
25
60
12
Artichoke
Oil70
Table 3. Fatty acid composition (continued.)
67-72
10 to 12
13-17
3 - 5.1
Avocado
Oil3
3 to 5
10 to 12
1 to 3
Trace
8.6
7.4
65.7
9.3
Trace
4 to 8
4 to 8
44 - 47
15 - 20
6 to 9
Ben
Oil71
Babassu
Oil3
3.4
2.8
11.99
2.96
16.77
23.08
31.2
7.8
Camelina (False
Flax) Seed Oil72
**As Mango Kernel Fat
Others
Oleic/Linoleic
Saturated, General
Fatty Acids
Caproic (C6)
Caprylic (C8)
Capric (C10)
Lauric (C12)
Myristic (C14)
Myristoleic (C14:1)
Palmitic (C16)
Palmitoleic (C16:1)
Stearic (C18)
Oleic (C18:1)
Linoleic (C18:2)
Linolenic (C18:3)
Arachidic (C20)
Eicosenoic (C20:1)
Behenic (C22)
Erucic (C22:1)
Lignoceric (C24)
Arachidontrienoic
9.5
3
10
1
34-36
30-40
2.4
7.5
6.5
46.5
16
Cohune
Oil3
24-29
Cocoa
Seed
Butter3
20 - 24
32 - 37
30 - 35
4.0 - 6
Cranberry
Seed Oil73
6.0 - 9
14 - 20
60 - 68
<1
9.0 - 13
Cucumber
Oil74
7.2
0.1
0.2
30.8
43.9
4.6
Trace
11
Trace
Cupuacu
Seed
Butter75
22
3.5-5.5
14-44
46-74
7-9.5
Grape
Seed Oil3
3.5
19.1
15.3
57
5.5
Linseed
Oil3
1.0-7
33-48
35-50
4.0-8
5.0-8
Mango
Seed
Oil3**
0.1 - 0.5
5 to 8
70 - 78
4.0 - 7.0
0.1 - 0.6
0.3 - 0.7
0.1 - 0.5
9 to 12
0.05 - 0.15
Marula
Oil76
8.0 - 29
7.0 - 20
52 - 77
Meadowfoam
Seed Oil3
2.0 - 7
0.5 - 3.5
55 - 70
22 - 33
<1
6.28
2.65
12.56
2.87
1.85
1.85
47.46
26
Peach
Kernel
Oil78
Others
Oleic/Linoleic
Saturated, General
***Reported as Fragaria Ananassa (Strawberry) Seed Oil.
Fatty Acids
Caproic (C6)
Caprylic (C8)
Capric (C10)
Lauric (C12)
Myristic (C14)
Myristoleic (C14:1)
Palmitic (C16)
Palmitoleic (C16:1)
Stearic (C18)
Oleic (C18:1)
Linoleic (C18:2)
Linolenic (C18:3)
Arachidic (C20)
Eicosenoic (C20:1)
Behenic (C22)
Erucic (C22:1)
Lignoceric (C24)
Arachidontrienoic
Murumuru
Seed Butter77
6.0-12
14-23
16
63-70
Perilla
Oil3
0.7 - 0.8
22 - 24.5
50.2 - 56
5.4 - 7
0.7
9.9 - 11
0.1
0.2
Quinoa
Seed Oil79
23
2 max
2.0-11
6.0-40
45-77
5.0-13
Ramtil/Niger
Oil3
5.48
5.21
7.91
17.81
16.22
15.56
3.08
9.28
4.41
6.92
Rice
Germ
Oil11
5.5 - 8.5
16.5 - 19.5
28.5 - 41.5
33.5 - 36.5
Strawberry
Seed Oil80
***
< 1.0
< 2.0
< 1.0
8.0 - 12.0
15.0 - 30.0
55.0 - 65.0
< 1.0
< 1.0
< 1.0
8.0 - 13.0
< 1.0
Watermelon
Seed Oil81
0 - 1.2 C20-22
Saturated
acids
1.0 - 6
8.0 - 30
44 - 65
4.0 - 10
11.0 - 16
Wheat Germ
Oil13,27
2-8
30-40
24-34
1-3
18-30
1
Baobab Oil82,83
Others
Oleic/Linoleic
Saturated, General
Fatty Acids
Caproic (C6)
Caprylic (C8)
Capric (C10)
Lauric (C12)
Myristic (C14)
Myristoleic (C14:1)
Palmitic (C16)
Palmitoleic (C16:1)
Stearic (C18)
Oleic (C18:1)
Linoleic (C18:2)
Linolenic (C18:3)
Arachidic (C20)
Eicosenoic (C20:1)
Behenic (C22)
Erucic (C22:1)
Lignoceric (C24)
Arachidontrienoic
4-10
1-4
23-55
30-55
13
2
14
2
45
34
1
Eleostearic
(C18:3 conj) =
10%
Cherry Kernel
Oil85,86
Rice Bran
Oil84
5-6.5
45-55
28-36
10-15
Argan
Oil87,88
-Linolenic
(C18:3) =
0.4%;
-Linolenic
= 1-3.5%
1-3.5
2-6
3-5
10-22
33-46
18-25
9-13
Borage
Oil89,90
24
0.8-2
72-87
5.3-14.3
6.1-15
Camellia
Oleifera
Seed Oil91,92
-Linolenic
(C18:3) =
2%;
2-6
60-77
3-25
0.8
8-18
2
Papaya
Seed Oil93,94
3-8
20-38
30-45
5-15
2
20-30
Lime Seed
Oil95,96
2-6
26-35
35-45
2-6
0.5
14-22
Orange Seed
Oil97,98
2-8
20-38
30-48
2-6
18-30
1.5
1
Grapefruit
Seed Oil99,100
3-7
18-38
40-62
1
10-16
Pumpkin Seed
Oil101,102
Others
Oleic/Linoleic
Saturated, General
Fatty Acids
Caproic (C6)
Caprylic (C8)
Capric (C10)
Lauric (C12)
Myristic (C14)
Myristoleic (C14:1)
Palmitic (C16)
5-9Palmitoleic (C16:1)
Stearic (C18)
Oleic (C18:1)
Linoleic (C18:2)
Linolenic (C18:3)
Arachidic (C20)
Eicosenoic (C20:1)
Behenic (C22)
Erucic (C22:1)
Lignoceric (C24)
Arachidontrienoic
2-4
5-12
60-85
1
24
35
-Linolenic
(C18:3) = 1%
-Linolenic = 712%
4-10
5-5.4
-Linolenic
(C18:3) =
34-35%
Evening
Primrose
Oil105,106
Cranberry
Seed
Oil103,104
25
3
60-80
15-25
1
4-9
1
Plum
Oil107,108
-Linolenic
(C18:3) = 1117%
-Linolenic =
11-14%
Stearidonic
(18:4) = 22.5%
1
1
1
3
1-4
9-16
40-50
6-10
Blackcurrant
Seed Oil109,110
0.9-1
10.9-11
52.6-53
31.9-32
2-2.3
Red Raspberry
Seed Oil111,112
8
3
3-8
65-80
1.5-5
1-1.5
2-5
2.5-4
5-9
1.5-3
Moringa
Oil113,114
180-198
10 max
178-193
10 max
Saponification value
Peroxide value (meq/kg)

Melting point (C)
Free fatty acids (%)

Lead (mg/kg)
Acid value
Unsaponifiable matter
(%)

Melting point (C)
Refractive index
Iodine value
2.0 max (as oleic acid)

0.1 max
10 max
2.0 max

0.1 max
1.5 max
135-150
4 max
Light yellow oil
White waxy solid
Appearance
Specific gravity
Safflower Oil2
Hydrogenated
Rapeseed Oil2

0.1 max
0.1 max (as oleic

acid)##
0.1 max
Properties and
Constituents

Lead (mg/kg)
Acid value
(%)
1.5 max
90-113
1.465-1.467 (40C)
110-126
1.5 max
Dark red-brown oil
Light yelllow oil
Appearance
Specific gravity
Refractive index
Iodine value
Cottonseed Oil2,3
Canola Oil2
Properties and
Constituents
195-205
185-212; refined 184186
0.05-0.7
0.1 max
0.3-0.6
10 max
120.9-151.4
Light amber oil
Soybean Oil2,3
26
0.6-1.4; 0.3 max refined
0.6-1.2; 1.5 max refined
1.4672-1.4722
81-123
191
1.4597-1.4745 (at 25C)

128-144
188-194

0.1 max
0.3-0.5
10 max
0
0.923
Apricot Oil3
0.1 max (as oleic acid);

0.07 max (as lauric
acid)
0.1 mg/kg max
1.5 max
10 max
25-30
245-255
14-33
Nearly colorless
Palm Kernel Oil2,3
0.894-0.899 (60C)
Light amber oil
Sunflower Oil2,3
0.1 max (as oleic acid);

0.09 (as palmitic acid)
0.1 max
0.2-0.8
10 max
25-50
Pale yellow to deep

orange in color
0.921-0.925 (40C)
1.453-1.458 (40C)
44-58
Almost colorless to
yellow, greenish, or
brown in color
0.914-0.918
1.469-1.484
64-88; refined 75-94
20 max (refined)
Palm Oil2,3
Olive Oil3
Table 4. Chemical properties.
1.461-1.465
71-95
177-198
0.910-0.916
Avocado Oil3
0.5 - 2
168-192
81-112
Rapeseed Oil3
0.890-0.910 (25C)

Lead (mg/kg)
Acid value
12.56 (as oleic acid)
20.0 max
25-37
Peroxide value
(meq/kg)
Melting point (C)
(%)
15 max
270-350
Refractive index
Iodine value
5.0 max (refined)
0.4-3
0.5-1
1.467-1.471
126-139
180-195
0.910-0.920 (20C)
refined
90-115 (refined)
0.910-0.928
Pale yellow (refined)
Pale brown waxy solid

at room temperature
Appearance
Specific gravity
Pale yellow with a

bluish tint
Peach Kernel Oil3,78
Murumuru Butter3,77
Ramtil/Niger Oil3
< 15
150.1
Light green
0.923
Cranberry Seed
Oil3,73
Properties and
Constituents

Lead (mg/kg)
Acid value
(%)
Peroxide value
(meq/kg)
Melting point (C)
33.5
190-200
247-251
0.950-0.998
1.453-1.458
35-40
0.916-0.918 (15C)
1.449-1.451 (40C)
14-18
Appearance
Specific gravity
Refractive index
Iodine value
Cocoa Oil3
Babassu Oil3
Properties and
Constituents
27
< 15
0.95
Light golden
Strawberry Seed
Oil3,80
176-206
0.91-0.93
1.470-1.476
125-143
Grape Seed Oil3
Table 4. Chemical properties (continued).
< 5.0 (as oleic acid)
< 5.0
1.4668
113-123
193-195
0.8930-0.9166
Pale to golden yellow

liquid
Watermelon Seed
Oil3,81
0.5-1.5
189-196
0.927-0.931 (20C)
1.4786-1.4815
170-204
Linseed Oil3
2.0 max (as oleic

acid)
5.0-10
65-95
190-210
Pale yellow
Baobab Oil82,83
0.8-2.9
34-43
190-195
Pale yello to ivory

cream color
0.91
1.456
32-93
Mango Oil3
10.0 max
10.0 max

Melting point (C)

Lead (mg/kg)
Acid value
Unsaponifiable matter (%)

0.8-3
1.0 max
0.8 max
0.5 (as oleic acid)
5-10
5.0 max
10.0 max

Melting point (C)
1.466-1.475 (20C)
90-110
185-200
65-100
Clear, light yellow
Refractive index
Iodine value
Clear yellow
Pale yellow
Orange Seed Oil97,98
0.2 max
0.910-0.920 (20C)
Lime Seed Oil95,96
Papaya Seed Oil93,94
1.0 max
10.0 max
185-195
Clear, bright golden

yellow
0.920-0.928 (15.5C)
1.472-1.476 (20C)
103-128
Corn Oil65,66
Specific gravity
Appearance
Properties and Constituents

Lead (mg/kg)
Acid value
0.5% max
105-135
180-195
1.0 (as oleic acid)
Clear light yellow

0.905-0.925 (20C)
1.463-1.480 (20C)
90-115
Light golden yellow

0.916-0.922 (15.5C)
1.470-1.473 (20C)
92-115
Appearance
Specific gravity
Refractive index
Iodine value
Cherry Kernel
Oil85,86
Rice Bran Oil84,115
28
1.0 max
5-10
80-125
1.5 ( as oleic)
1.5
5.0 max
110-330
174-197
Dark green
Pumpkin Seed
Oil101,102
Grapefruit Seed
Oil99,100
Clear yellow
1.0 max
10.0 max
184-194
Clear, pale yellowgolden

0.918-0.928 (20C)
1.474-1.479 (20C)
130-155
Borage Oil89,90
3-4
10.0 max
95
Yellow
0.908-0.918 (20C)
Argan Oil87,88
2.0 max
1.0 (as oleic acid)
5.0 max
140-180
170-200
Cranberry Seed
Oil103,104
1.0 max
1.5 max
10.0 max
188-196
80-94
Clear, pale yellow or

water white
Camellia Oleifera
Seed Oil91,92

Lead (mg/kg)
Acid value
1-2
2.0 max (as oleic

acid)
3
0.2
1-10
29
1.5 max (as oleic

acid)
5.0 max
10.0 max
10.0 max

Melting point (C)
175-195
180-200
145-185
Red Raspberry
Seed Oil111,112
180-195
90-108
Light yellow
0.920-0.930 (20C)
1.475-1.480 (20C)
145-165
Appearance
Specific gravity
Refractive index
Iodine value
Blackcurrant Seed
Oil109,110
Plum Oil107,108
Evening Primrose
Oil105,106
10.0
192
0.908 (20C)
Moringa Oil113,114
Totals
Duration of Use
Leave-On
Rinse Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
Deodorant (Underarm)
Hair - Non-Coloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Bath Products
Baby Products
Totals
Duration of Use
Leave-On
Rinse-Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
Hair - Non-Coloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Bath Products
Baby Products
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
0.0005-11
0.002-31
0.01-11
0.03-11
0.0005-0.02
0.0005-31
--0.02-2
--2
0.03-2
0.002-0.02
---
135
30
11
74
1
143
NR
2
18
1
1
2
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
2
1
NR
NR
NR
3
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Hydrogenated Canola Oil

3
NR
0.0005-31
165
Vegetable (Olus) Oil
No. of Uses
(2010)
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
0.008-49
0.8-60
3
0.005-60
NR
0.0005-0.09
0.0004-1
0.2
2-4
0.5
NR
0.0005-60
0.0004-8
0.0004-60
0.2-12
NR
0.2-12
NR
NR
NR
0.2-12
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.2-3
NR
NR
72
3
69
NR
NR
NR
71
NR
1
NR
NR
64
NR
NR
Palm Kernel Acid
102
216
1
450
NR
2
NR
1
2
NR
NR
439
18
457
Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil
No. of Uses
(2010)
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
NR
9
NR
0.007-17
NR
0.1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.007-17
0.1-1
0.007-17
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
2
3
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
5
30
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Elaeis Oleifera Kernel Oil
2
1
NR
27
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
23
4
27
Brassica Campestris
(Rapeseed) Seed Oil
No. of Uses
(2010)
Conc. of
Use (2010)
(%)
NR
NR
1
33
NR
NR
NR
NR
31
NR
NR
1
32
33
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
Palm Acid
NR
NR
NR
1-17
NR
NR
NR
NR
1-4
NR
NR
NR
1-17
1-17
2
NR
NR
0.3-4
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.3-4
NR
0.3-4
Hydrogenated Rapeseed
Oil
No. of Uses
(2010)
Table 5a. Frequency of use according to duration and exposure.

NR = Not reported to VCRP or Council. NS = Not yet surveyed.
0.002-0.03
0.3-70
0.0002-17
0.0002-73
NR
0.006-24
NR
5
0.02-1
1-33
NR
0.002-73
0.02-33
0.0002-73
NR
NR
NR
5
NR
NR
NR
NR
2
NR
NR
NR
5
NR
NR
NR
0.3-3
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.3-3
NR
NR
NR
0.3-3
0.3-3
Potassium Palmate
3
62
1
113
NR
19
NR
NR
2
1
NR
112
20
132
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
Canola Oil
No. of Uses
(2010)
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.001
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.0001
0.001
NR
NR
NR
7
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
7
NR
NR
NR
0.3-30
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.3-30
NR
NR
NR
0.3-30

7
0.3-30
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
No. of Uses
(2010)
Totals
Duration of Use
Leave-On
Rinse Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
Hair - Non-Coloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Bath Products
Baby Products
Totals
Duration of Use
Leave-On
Rinse-Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
Hair - Non-Coloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Bath Products
Baby Products
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
NR
3-68
NR
NR
NR
3-68
NR
NR
NR
NR
3-68
NR
NR
7
205
NR
NR
1
212
NR
NR
NR
NR
189
1
3
0.005-2
0.005-2
0.002
0.02
NR
NR
0.005-2
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.002
NR
NR
10
10
NR
2
NR
NR
10
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Hel. Annuus (Sunflower)

Seed Oil Unsaponifiables
3-68
212
Sodium Palmate
No. of Uses
(2010)
NR
NR
NR
12-44
NR
NR
NR
NR
16-44
NR
NR
NR
12-44
12-44
6-35
15-35
7
6
NR
6-35
NR
NR
15-35
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Hydrogenated Sunflower
Seed Oil
NR
6-35
NR
NR
1
194
NR
NR
NR
NR
173
3
4
10
184
194
Sodium Palm Kernelate
0.04-2
0.6-4
0.03-0.5
0.0005-93
0.01-0.5
0.0002-95
NR
0.02-95
0.01-52
0.1-78
2
0.0005-95
0.0002-95
0.0002-95
26
26
6
711
3
190
NR
5
121
14
9
617
298
31
0.2
1-40
0.0005-3
0.9-17
0.004-17
0.7-26
0.2-5
0.0005-100
0.02-0.1
0.006-94
0.2-0.5
0.001-100
0.0005-94
Olea Europea (Olive) Fruit

Oil
915
0.0005-100
53
103
6
800
NR
97
5
6
70
19
21
718
194
912
NR
NR
NR
0.0001-0.2
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.0001-0.2
NR
0.0001-0.2
13
7
NR
34
NR
11
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
36
14
50
0.01-0.1
NR
NR
0.0005
NR
0.4
0.1-3
0.1-12
NR
0.0005-12
NR
0.1-12
0.0005-0.1
0.0005-12
NR
NR
NR
12
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
12
NR
12

Unsaponifiables
Table 5a. Frequency of use according to duration and exposure. (continued)

No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
(2010)
(2010) (%)
(2010)
(2010) (%)
(2010)
(2010) (%)
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
0.03-7
0.1-39
NR
0.01-39
NR
0.1
NR
0.001-25
0.05-6
5-42
NR
0.001-39
0.05-42
0.001-42
NR
NR
NR
2
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
2
NR
0.3-2
NR
NR
0.05-5
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.05-5
NR

Unsaponifiables
2
0.05-5
4
3
NR
34
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
33
3
36
Hydrogenated Soybean Oil
No. of Uses
(2010)
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
0.0005-19
0.08-41
0.0002-85
0.0002-96
0.0003-4
0.000007-92
0.03-35
0.05-30
0.0003-4
0.005-75
0.2
0.0002-96
0.000007-92
0.000007-96
12
1
NR
67
NR
6
NR
NR
4
NR
NR
68
9
0.02-0.3
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.04
0.02-0.4
0.08
3
0.0001-3
NR
0.0001-3
0.04-0.3
Olea Europaea (Olive) Oil

Unsaponifiables
77
0.0001-3
64
260
3
707
1
179
85
8
52
11
18
1054
360
1414
Helianthus Annuus
(Sunflower) Seed Oil
No. of Uses
(2010)
Totals
Duration of Use
Leave-On
Rinse Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
Hair - Non-Coloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Bath Products
Baby Products
Totals
Duration of Use
Leave-On
Rinse-Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
Hair - Non-Coloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Bath Products
Baby Products
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
NR
NR
NR
0.002-0.005
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.002
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
41
NR
2
NR
NR
2
1
6
37
6
0.002
0.002-0.005
NR
NR
NR
4-18
NR
NR
NR
NR
4-18
NR
NR
NR
4-18
4-18
0.2
2
NR
0.001-3
NR
0.1
NR
NR
0.01-0.1
NR
0.1
0.1-3
0.001-0.1
0.01-3
Avena Sativa (Oat) Kernel

Oil
NR
NR
NR
16
NR
NR
NR
NR
9
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
3
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
5
11
43
NR
NR
NR
3
16
Sodium Olivate
Sodium Astrocaryum
Murumuruate
NR
0.002-0.005
NR
Potassium Olivate
No. of Uses
(2010)
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.1
0.1
7
NR
3
168
NR
10
NR
NR
4
1
3
160
20
180
32
0.001-0.5
0.01
0.1
0.001-1
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.001-0.01
NR
NR
0.001-1
0.001-0.01
0.001-1
Borago Officinalis Seed Oil

[Borage]
NR
1
1
5
NR
2
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
5
2
Actinidia Chinensis (Kiwi)

Seed Oil
NR
0.01
NR
0.01
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.01
NR
0.01
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.001-3
NR
NR
NR
NR
3
0.001-0.5
Brassica Oleracea Italica

(Broccoli) Seed Oil
NR
0.001-3
NR
NR
NR
5
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
4
2
Adansonia Digitata Oil

[Baobab]

No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
(2010)
(2010) (%)
(2010)
(2010) (%)
(2010)
(2010) (%)
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
0.1-1
0.1-1
0.01
0.001-10
0.001
0.01-1
0.07-0.1
0.001-0..1
0.001-2
0.05
NR
0.001-10
0.001-2
0.001-10
NR
34
NR
47
NR
29
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
61
15
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.05
0.05-0.5
NR
0.002-1
NR
1
NR
0.002-1
1
Camelina Sativa Seed Oil

[False Flax]
76
0.002-1
11
9
NR
88
NR
8
NR
2
2
1
NR
87
13
100
Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil

[Argan]
No. of Uses
(2010)
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
0.06-0.5
1-7
NR
0.001-7
NR
0.001-0.2
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.001-7
0.001-0.2
0.001-7
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.1
NR
NR
0.1
NR
NR
0.01
0.1
NR
0.01-0.2
0.01
0.01-0.2
0.1
0.01-0.2
21
22
NR
178
NR
11
3
NR
3
NR
NR
171
21
192
Astrocaryum Murumuru
Seed Butter [Murumura]
No. of Uses
(2010)
Totals
Duration of Use
Leave-On
Rinse Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
Hair - Non-Coloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Bath Products
Baby Products
Totals
Duration of Use
Leave-On
Rinse-Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
Hair - Non-Coloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Bath Products
Baby Products
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
2
3
NR
0.003-3
NR
2
NR
NR
0.01-0.1
0.05
NR
NR
3
NR
23
NR
2
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
2
NR
NR
NR
NR
2
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Citrullus Lanatus
(Watermelon) Seed Oil
1
2
0.003-3
0.01-0.1
23
2
Camellia Oleifera Seed Oil

[Tea Seed]
25
0.003-3
No. of Uses
(2010)
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Citrus Vulgaris
(Watermelon) Seed Oil
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
Hydrogenated Camellia
Oleifera Seed Oil
1
NR
NR
0.1
NR
0.1
0.1
0.1
NR
NR
0.1
NR
NR
0.1
0.1
0.1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
33
NR
0.1
NR
0.1
NR
0.1
NR
NR
0.1
NR
NR
0.1
0.1
Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit)

Seed Oil
NR
0.1
NR
1
NR
10
NR
2
NR
NR
2
NR
NR
8
4
12
NR
NR
NR
0.1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.1
NR
0.1
NR
NR
NR
6
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
5
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Citrus Paradisi (Grapefruit)

Seed Oil
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Carica Papaya Seed Oil

No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
(2010)
(2010) (%)
(2010)
(2010) (%)
(2010)
(2010) (%)
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
NR
0.2
NR
0.0005-0.2
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.0005-2
NR
NR
NR
NR
5
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
3
2
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Citrus Medica Limonum

(Lemon) Seed Oil
12
12
NR
30
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
29
2
Caryocar Brasilense Fruit

Oil (Pequi)
31
0.0005-0.2
No. of Uses
(2010)
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.3
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.3
1
NR
NR
5
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
5
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber)

Seed Oil
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
Chenopodium Quinoa Seed

Oil [Quinoa]
1
0.3
No. of Uses
(2010)
Totals
Duration of Use
Leave-On
Rinse Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
Hair - Non-Coloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Bath Products
Baby Products
Totals
Duration of Use
Leave-On
Rinse-Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
Hair - Non-Coloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Bath Products
Baby Products
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
0.003
NR
NR
0.003-0.1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
1
18
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.003-6
0.003-6
0.05-0.2
5
0.03-6
NR
0.003-6
NR
0.05-0.2
0.05
NR
0.1
NR
NR
72
64
8
13
7
1
60
NR
12
NR
NR
2
NR
NR
Mangifera Indica (Mango)

Seed Oil
0.003-0.1
NR
17
1
Cucurbita Pepo (Pumpkin)

Seed Oil
18
0.003-0.1
No. of Uses
(2010)
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.5
0.002
NR
0.00001-0.5
NR
NR
NR
0.00001-0.5
0.05
6
25
2
147
NR
12
16
NR
10
1
3
134
41
175
0.02
1-5
0.02
0.0005-5
NR
0.02-0.5
NR
0.5
0.0005-0.5
NR
NR
0.01-5
0.0005-0.5
0.0005-3
Mangifera Indica (Mango)

Seed Butter
2
1
1
14
NR
15
NR
NR
3
NR
NR
19
10
Euterpe Oleracea Fruit Oil

[Acai]
29
0.00001-0.5
NR
NR
0.003-0.3
NR
0.003-0.4
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.003-0.4
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
1
34
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Sodium Mangoseedate
2
64
NR
108
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
109
NR
Irvingia Gabonensis Kernel

Butter [Dika]
109
0.003-0.4
0.1-20
0.6-26
0.1-3
0.002-74
NR
0.1-1
0.2-2
0.5
0.001-0.6
0.5-0.9
NR
0.002-74
0.01-2
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.001
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.001
NR
0.001
Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil

[Ben]
30
67
1
211
NR
47
46
NR
4
2
1
225
91
Limnanthes Alba
(Meadowfoam) Seed Oil
316
0.002-74

No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
(2010)
(2010) (%)
(2010)
(2010) (%)
(2010)
(2010) (%)
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
0.01
0.01
NR
0.003-4
0.05-0.1
0.001-0.1
NR
0.002-0.05
0.003-0.4
0.02-0.2
NR
0.002-10
0.001-0.4
0.001-10
4
1
NR
11
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
13
2
15
3
NR
NR
0.003-3
NR
0.02
NR
NR
0.003
NR
NR
0.004-3
0.003
0.003-3
Moringa Pterygosperma
Seed Oil
3
NR
3
58
NR
42
NR
2
5
1
2
52
50
102
Linum Usitatissimum
(Linseed) Seed Oil
No. of Uses
(2010)
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
4
14
2
109
NR
37
NR
4
4
2
3
113
37
150
0.00002-0.5
0.1-15
NR
0.00002-58
0.2
0.05-0.1
NR
0.001-3
0.1-0.2
0.2
NR
0.00002-58
0.002-0.2
0.00002-58
Oenothera Biennis (Evening

Primrose) Oil
NR
NR
NR
3
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
3
NR
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
Linseed Acid
No. of Uses
(2010)
Totals
Duration of Use
Leave-On
Rinse Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
Hair - Non-Coloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Bath Products
Baby Products
Totals
Duration of Use
Leave-On
Rinse-Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
Hair - Non-Coloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Bath Products
Baby Products
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
14
NR
1
NR
NR
14
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
15
15
NR
NR
11
NR
15
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Persea Gratissima (Avocado)

Butter
NR
14
Hydrogenated Evening
Primrose Oil
No. of Uses
(2010)
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
9
2
4
56
NR
2
NR
3
NR
4
1
57
6
63
0.5
3
NR
0.2-3
NR
6
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.5-6
0.2
0.2-6
Persea Gratissima (Avocado)

Oil Unsapon.
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
Orgibnya Cohume Seed Oil
0.02-2
NR
NR
27
0.01-0.1
NR
0.5-0.6
0.001-2
0.02-2
0.0009-27
NR
0.0009-4
0.01-27
0.0009-27
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
1
35
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Sodium Avocadoate
7
57
5
110
NR
43
8
NR
5
2
NR
118
43
161
Orbignya Oleifera Seed Oil

[Babassu]
NR
NR
NR
8
NR
NR
NR
NR
8
NR
NR
NR
8
1
3
NR
13
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
12
1
13
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
Plukenetia Volubilis Seed Oil

[Sacha Inchi]
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Sodium Babassuate

No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
(2010)
(2010) (%)
(2010)
(2010) (%)
(2010)
(2010) (%)
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
25
38
5
486
1
78
10
10
24
8
7
449
139
588
0.002-18
0.001-5
0.0009-1
0.00001-18
0.003-0.1
0.0001-89
0.1
0.002-40
0.01-9
4
NR
0.0001-40
0.00001-89
0.00001-89
Prunus Armeniaca (Apricot)

Kernel Oil
2
NR
NR
5
NR
2
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
5
2
Perilla Ocymoides Seed Oil

[Perilla]
No. of Uses
(2010)
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.5
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.5
0.5
NR
NR
NR
2
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
2
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Hydrogenated Apricot
Kernel Oil
NR
2
NR
8
NR
3
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
9
2
11
No. of Uses
(2010)
Totals
Duration of Use
Leave-On
Rinse Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
Hair - Non-Coloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Bath Products
Baby Products
Totals
Duration of Use
Leave-On
Rinse-Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
Hair - Non-Coloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Bath Products
Baby Products
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
NR
0.01-+0.02
NR
NR
NR
0.01-0.02
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.01-0.02
NR
NR
NR
2
NR
NR
NR
2
NR
NR
NR
NR
2
NR
NR
1
1
1
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
29
23
6
NR
6
2
23
NR
6
NR
NR
2
NR
NR
Sclerocarya Birrea Seed Oil

[Marula]
0.01-0.02
Prunus Avium (Sweet

Cherry) Seed Oil
No. of Uses
(2010)
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.04
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.04
0.04
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.5
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.5
NR
0.5
Silybum Marianum Seed Oil

[Thistle]
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Prunus Domestica Seed Oil

[Prune/Plum]
NR
0.1
NR
NR
0.1-1
NR
NR
0.04-22
2
0.003-22
NR
0.05-22
0.003-6
0.003-22
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
36
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Solanum Lycopersicum
(Tomato) Seed Oil
NR
NR
NR
18
NR
4
NR
NR
1
1
NR
16
6
22
Prunus Persica (Peach)

Kernel Oil
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.01
0.001
NR
0.001-1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.001-1
NR
0.01-1
Solanum Lycopersicum
(Tomato) Fruit Oil
NR
1
NR
8
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
8
NR
Pyrus Malus (Apple) Seed

Oil

No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
(2010)
(2010) (%)
(2010)
(2010) (%)
(2010)
(2010) (%)
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
0.08
0.03-0.1
NR
0.000001-0.3
NR
NR
NR
0.2
NR
NR
NR
0.000001-0.3
0.05
0.000001-0.3
11
33
2
417
NR
24
NR
NR
35
4
8
367
75
442
0.0002-9
37
0.4
0.000002-37
0.001-1
0.01-2
0.1
0.1-1
0.02-2
0.1-1
0.01
0.000002-37
0.0001-2
0.000002-37
Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa)

Seed Butter
2
7
NR
43
NR
5
NR
5
2
NR
NR
45
8
53
Ribes Nigrum (Black

Currant) Seed Oil
No. of Uses
(2010)
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
NR
NR
NR
0.1-5
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.1-5
NR
0.1-5
21
49
NR
141
NR
9
3
NR
19
4
NR
119
34
153
0.1-2
7
NR
0.00005-7
0.1
0.001-1
NR
NR
0.05-0.1
NR
NR
0.00005-7
0.001-1
0.00005-7
Theobroma Grandiflorum
Seed Butter [Capuacu]
NR
1
NR
8
NR
NR
NR
NR
2
1
NR
8
2
10
Rubus Idaeus (Raspberry)

Seed Oil
No. of Uses
(2010)
Totals
Duration of Use
Leave-On
Rinse Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
Hair - Non-Coloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Bath Products
Baby Products
Totals
Duration of Use
Leave-On
Rinse Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
Hair - Non-Coloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Bath Products
Baby Products
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
0.2
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.2
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
17
NR
1
NR
NR
17
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.3-0.5
0.3-0.5
0.5
NR
0.5
NR
0.5
NR
NR
NR
0.3
NR
NR
NR
4
3
NR
1
NR
5
NR
1
NR
1
1
NR
NR
0.2
17
Triticum Vulgare (Wheat)

Germ Oil Unsaponifiables
No. of Uses
(2010)
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
22
17
5
4
NR
NR
22
NR
NR
NR
NR
5
NR
NR
Bassia Latifolia Seed Butter
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
16
NR
NR
NR
3
13
16
Wheat Germ Acid
0.01-0.1
NR
NR
0.003-0.1
NR
NR
NR
0.3
NR
0.002-2
NR
0.002-2
0.003-0.1
0.002-2
4
1
NR
36
NR
11
NR
NR
1
1
NR
34
13
47
37
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
Camellia Kissi Seed Oil
2
NR
NR
17
NR
4
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
18
3
21
Vaccinium Macrocarpon
(Cranberry) Seed Oil
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
1
1
NR
8
NR
14
4
NR
NR
NR
NR
15
11
26
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
Crambe Abyssinica Seed Oil
NR
NR
NR
4
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
3
1
Vaccinium Oxycoccos
(Cranberry) Seed Oil

No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
(2010)
(2010) (%)
(2010)
(2010) (%)
(2010)
(2010) (%)
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
0.01-5
0.03-7
0.001-7
0.001-41
0.001-0.2
0.01-0.3
43
0.001-35
0.001-7
0.01-2
NR
0.001-41
0.001-43
0.001-43
1
3
NR
30
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
27
3
30
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
Garcinia Indica Seed Butter
14
34
6
401
NR
46
10
8
21
8
5
368
97
465
Vitis Vinifera (Grape) Seed

Oil
No. of Uses
(2010)
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
6
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
7
NR
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
Hippophae Rhamnoides
Fruit Oil
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
4
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
4
NR
Sodium Grapeseedate
No. of Uses
(2010)
Totals
Duration of Use
Leave-On
Rinse Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
Hair - Non-Coloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Bath Products
Baby Products
Totals
Duration of Use
Leave-On
Rinse Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
Hair - Non-Coloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Bath Products
Baby Products
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
10
5
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
6
NR
8
1
NR
NR
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
46
44
2
2
30
NR
46
NR
NR
NR
NR
2
NR
NR
Punica Granatum Seed Oil
NS
15
Hippophae Rhamnoides Oil
No. of Uses
(2010)
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
17
7
1
109
NR
9
NR
1
3
1
NR
106
15
121
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
Rosa Canina Fruit Oil
1
9
NR
21
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
21
NR
21
Luffa Cylindrica Seed Oil
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NR
NR
NR
3
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
3
NR
38
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
Rubus Chamemorus Seed Oil
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
Lupinus Albus Seed Oil
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NR
29
NR
33
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
32
1
33
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
Vaccinium Myrtillus Seed

Oil
1
1
NR
2
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
2
NR
Lycium Barbarum Seed Oil

No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
No. of Uses
Conc. of Use
(2010)
(2010) (%)
(2010)
(2010) (%)
(2010)
(2010) (%)
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
8
NR
NR
NR
9
NR
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
Vaccinium Vitis-Idaea Seed

Oil
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
5
3
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
7
Orbignya Speciosa Kernel

Oil
No. of Uses
(2010)
Conc. of Use
(2010) (%)
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
2
NR
NR
9
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
8
1
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
Vanilla Planifolia Fruit Oil
3
14
3
49
NR
10
3
NR
1
NR
NR
53
9
62
Passiflora Edulis Seed Oil
No. of Uses
(2010)
15
83
5
395
NR
79
20
32
31
3
6
47
45
2
2
5
1
47
NR
NR
NR
NR
2
NR
NR
5
18
3
113
NR
28
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
1997
29
27
2
5
2
NR
24
NR
NR
NR
NR
2
NR
NR
Hair-Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Bath Products
Baby Products
data year
Totals
Duration of Use
Leave-On
Rinse-Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
Deodorant (underarm)
Hair - Non-Coloring
Hair-Coloring
Nail
Hair - Non-Coloring
Baby Products
NR - not reported to the VCRP or the Council
Bath Products
Mucous Membrane
1-6
0.1-60
5
0.001-72
NR
0.0000527
1
84
NR
7
10
0.0000584
0.001-72
2003
0.0000584
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
2010
NS
NR
NR
2-10
3-13
NR
0.4-13
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.9-2
0.4-13
0.6-2
0.4-13
NR
NR
68
NR
2
12
11
3
229
NR
43
101
171
2010
272
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
1997
**
NR
NR
0.002-48
NR
NR
0.04-2
2
NR
0.002-48
NR
2-34
0.002-48
0.008-13
2010
0.002-48
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
4
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
3
NR
NR
4
9
12
78
1
2
NR
1
7
68
15
83
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
39
NR
0.1-11
0.2-1
0.2
0.004-29
0.2
NR
NR
0.5-32
0.0040.01
NR
0.08-32
0.004-29
0.004-32

1998
2010
1998
2010
NR
NR
7
NR
1
NR
NR
1
36
NR
NR
28
1997
36
** concentration of use data were not given in the original report
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Oil

2010
1997
2010
106
Rinse Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
Leave-On
28
2010
508
402
2002
142
Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Seed Oil
NR
NR
116
151
NR
156
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
272
NR
272
1998
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
11
NR
NR
1997
11
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
1997
**
NR
3
0.05
NR
NR
0.8
NR
NR
0.05-2
NR
0.9-23
0.05-23
0.8-3
2010
0.05-23
NR
155
NR
NR
356
NR
4
NR
NR
NR
358
4
362
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
NR
NR
NR
0.5-24
8-12
NR
0.001-24
NR
0.01-0.1
NR
NR
0.001-24
0.01-0.1
0.001-24
Hydrogenated Cottonseed Oil

2010
1998
2010
NR
NR
10
1
NR
10
6
NR
71
NR
6
17
60
2010
77
Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Kernel Oil
NR
NR
NR
NR
36
NR
3
NR
2
NR
32
7
39
2002
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
3
NR
12
NR
NR
NR
13
1997
13
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
1997
NR
NR
2
NR
NR
0.2-30
2-30
1
0.4-30
NR
NR
0.2-30
17
5
17
11
321
NR
33
NR
5
48
267
104
,1-39
NR
0.1-1
0.1-1
NR
0.1-39
NR
0.3
NR
NR
0.1-8
0.2-39
NR
0.2
0.5-0.8
0.1-8
0.1
0.0003-27
0.5
0.005-0.5
0.3
0.02-78
0.0006-6
0.0003-78
0.005-6

2010
20002010
2003
371
0.0003-78
0.1-39
NR
NR
17
NR
NR
61
12
NR
123
NR
NR
134
18
152
2010
2010
0.2-30
Conc. of Use (%)
Hydrogenated Palm Oil
Table 5b. Current amd historical frequency and concentration of use according to duration and type of exposure - previously reviewed ingredients
# of Uses
Conc. of Use (%)
# of Uses
Conc. of Use (%)
# of Uses
Conc. of Use (%)
# of Uses
114
Duration of Use
Totals
data year
4
NR
32
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
6
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Dermal Contact
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
29
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

Baby Products
Bath Products
Mucous Membrane
Nail
Hair-Coloring
Hair - Non-Coloring
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.1
NR
NR
0.1
NR
NR
0.0030.005
0.5
NR
0.003
NR
0.1-3
NR
0.003-3
0.01-1
0.003-3
0.003-3
3
NR
NR
NR
11
59
NR
233
218
35
7
28
NR
NR
59
52
5
414
14
106
374
1-50
1-50
1-10
NR
NR
1-50
NR
1-50
1 - 10
NR
1 - >50
1 - >50
1 - >50
40
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
11
NR
17
NR
NR
17
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NR
1
2
182
1
38
29
1
276
39
257
241
NR
3
2
183
4
40
30
1
371
35
237
361
0.00080.2
0.003-10
0.001-0.1
0.0000314
NR
0.00010.02
0.0040.007
0.001-5
0.0040.01
0.0010.01
0.004
0.0000314
0.0010.07
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
Table 5b. Current amd historical frequency and concentration of use* according to duration and type of exposure - previously reviewed ingredients (continued)
# of Uses
Conc. of Use (%)
# of Uses
Conc. of Use (%)
# of Uses
Conc. of Use (%)
# of Uses
Conc. of Use (%)
Sesamum Indicum (Sesame) Oil
Zea Mays (Corn) Oil
Unsaponifiables
20002002
2010
2010
1987
2010
1987
2010
1987
2010
1987
2010
2007
2010
2006
2010
2003
0.00003NS
6
34
0.1
0.003-3
253
480
1 - >50
NS
NR
17
NR
NS
498
14
598
NR
Exposure Type
Rinse Off
Leave-On
Duration of Use
Totals
data year
Hair - Non-Coloring
Hair-Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Bath Products
Dermal Contact
Inhalation
Rinse-Off
Exposure Type
Eye Area
Possible Ingestion
Leave-On
Duration of Use
Totals
data year
34
19
NR
NR
NR
50
NR
3
NR
NR
3
4
25
12
NR
NR
NR
31
NR
4
NR
NR
4
3
2007
37
NR
0.2
NR
NR
3
NR
3-25
NR
NR
NR
3-25
0.2-3
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS

2010
2006
2010
53
NS
0.2-25
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
41
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS

2007
2010
2006
2010
7
NS
1
NR
NR
NR
11
8
4
NR
5
165
8
29
2
148
40
NR
189
NR
7
43
25
685
24
60
11
657
226
NR
NR
0.002-3
NR
0.4-19
0.1-5
0.1-5
0.001-23
0.1-3
0.7-21
0.02-3
0.001-23
0.1-5
NR
0.1
0.0001-41
0.3
0.001-34
0.002-3
0.6-6
0.0005--98
0.05-2
0.05-26
0.01-8
0.0001-15
0.0005-98

2001
2010
2001
2010
188
883
0.001-23
0.0001-98
Conc. of Use (%)
NR
63
12
4
3
1
220
9
33
2
223
80
NR
142
20
2
22
2
360
12
29
7
154
373
0.5
0.00004-3
0.1-3
0.00020.01
0.0000218
0.02
0.0001-2
0.1
0.1-4
0.02-1
0.001-2
0.0000218
0.00002-5
NR
NR
0.0001-<1
0.01-0.2
0.1-28
0.01-0.5
0.5
0.0005-23
0.0001-0.5
0.3-5
0.0001-0.0005
0.001-2
0.0001-28

2001
2010
2001
2010
303
527
0.000020.0001-28
18
Table 5b. Current amd historical frequency and concentration of use* according to duration and type of exposure - previously reviewed ingredients (continued)
# of Uses
Conc. of Use (%)
# of Uses
Conc. of Use (%)
# of Uses
Conc. of Use (%)
# of Uses
2
4
NR
Baby Products
Table 5c. Ingredients not reported to be used
Brassica Campestris (Rapeseed) Oil Unsaponifiables

Potasium Rapeseedate
Rapeseed Acid
Sodium Rapeseedate
Hydroganted Safflower Seed Oil
Potassium Safflowerate
Safflower Acid
Sodium Safflowerate
Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Butter
Hydrogenated Palm Acid
Potassium Hydrogenated Palmate
Sodium Hydrogenated Palmate
Soy Acid
Potassium Soyate
Sodium Soyate
Cottonseed Acid
Sunflower Seed Acid
Olive Acid
Rice Bran Acid
Hydrogenated Rice Bran Oil
Oryza Sativa (Rice) Seed Oil
Sesamum Indicum (Sesame) Seed Butter
Corn Acid
Potassium Cornate
Adansonia Digitata Seed Oil
Hydrogenated Adansonia Digitata Seed Oil
Amaranthus Hypochondriacus Seed Oil
Arctium Lappa Seed Oil
Hydrogenated Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil
Hydrogenated Camelina Sativa Seed Oil
Citrus Aurantifolia (Lime) Seed Oil
Citrus Aurantifolia (Lime) Seed Oil Unsaponifiables
Hydrogenated Lime Seed Oil
Hydrogenated Lime Seed Oil Unsaponifiables
Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Seed Oil
Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Seed Oil Unsaponifiables
Hydrogenated Orange Seed Oil
Hydrogenated Orange Seed Oil Unsaponifiables
Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Seed Oil Unsaponifiables
Hydrogenated Grapefruit Seed Oil
Hydrogenated Grapefruit Seed Oil Unsaponifiables

Citrus Limon (Lemon) Seed Oil
Coix Lacryma-Jobi (Job's Tears) Seed Oil
Hydrogenated Pumpkin Seed Oil
Cynara Cardunculus Seed Oil [Artichoke]
Fragaria Ananassa (Strawberry) Seed Oil
Fragaria Chiloensis (Strawberry) Seed Oil
Fragaria Vesca (Strawberry) Seed Oil
Fragaria Virginiana (Strawberry) Seed Oil
Guizotia Abyssinica Seed Oil [Ramtil]
Hydrogenated Meadowfoam Seed Oil
Babassu Acid
Potassium Babassuate
Hydrogenated Apricot Kernel Oil
Hydrogenated Apricot Kernel Oil Unsaponifiables
Prunus Armeniaca (Apricot) Kernel Oil Unsaponifiables
Hydrogenated Peach Kernel Oil
Hydrogenated Black Currant Seed Oil
Ribes Rubrum (Currant) Seed Oil
Hydrogenated Raspberry Seed Oil
Sodium Cocoa Butterate
Sodium Theobroma Grandiflorum Seedate
Torreya Nucifera Seed Oil [Kaya]
Hydrogenated Wheat Germ Oil
Hydrogenated Wheat Germ Oil Unsaponifiables
Hydrogenated Cranberry Seed Oil
Vitis Vinifera (Grape) Seed Oil
Sodium Grapeseedate
Vanilla Planifolia Fruit Oil [Vanilla]
42
5d. Ingredients for which concentration of use information has not yet been provided
Carthamus Tinctorius Safflower Seed Oil

Oryza Sativea (Rice) Germ Oil
Zea Mays (Corn) Oil
Corn Acid
Potassium Cornate
Orgibnuya Cohune Seed Oil [Cohune]
Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Oil Unsaponifiables
Bassia Latifolia Seed Butter [Mahwa]
Camellia Kissi Seed Oil [Tea]
Crambe Abyssinica Seed Oil [Abyssinian Mustard]
Garcinia Indica Seed Butter [Kokum]

Hippophae Rhamnoides Fruit Oil [Sea-Buckthorn]
Hippophae Rhamnoides Oil [Sea-Buckthorn]
Luffa Cylindrica Seed Oil [Luffa]
Lupinus Albus Seed Oil [White Lupine]
Lycium Barbarum Seed Oil [Goji Berry]
Orbignya Speciosa Kernel Oil [Babassu]
Passiflora Edulis Seed Oil [Passion Fruit]
Punica Granatum Seed Oil [Pomegrante]
Rosa Canina Fruit Oil [Dog Rose]
Vaccinium Myrtillus Seed Oil [Bilberry]
Vaccinium Vitis-Idaea Seed Oil [Ligonberry]
Vanilla Planifolia Fruit Oil [Vanilla]
43
manufacturing of lacquers, copolymers, polyester films, modified resins, plasticizers, alkyld resins, other similar
products
crayon and candle manufacturing tin plate industry
detergent production pharmaceutical crayon and candle manufacturing tin plate industry
paint lubricant pharmaceutical
textile industry pharmaceutical
pharmaceutical
substitute for linseed oil in the manufacture of paints, and varnishes
substitute for linseed oil in the manufacture of paints, varnishes, linoleum, oilclothes, and printing inks
drying oil manufacturing of varnishes and paints
illumination
pharmaceutical
manufacturing of soaps, candles, and nightlights cotton dyeing ointment base substitute for cocoa butter in
food
manufacturing of linoleum, cloth oil, printing and lithographic inks, core oils, linings, packings, oil-modified
alkyd resins, caulking compounds, putties, leather-finishing compounds, lubricants, greases, polishes,
pyrotechnic compositions pigment binder in petrochemicals concrete protector stabilizer/plasticizer for vinyl
plastics industrial stains jute textiles drying oil in paints and varnishes
sunflower
palm
palm kernel
niger
olive
cocoa
grapeseed
perilla
false flax
watermelon
apricot
cohune
linseed
44
Use
rubber additive lubricants fat liquoring of leather varnishes and lacquers textile chemicals detergent
additives plasticizers weed control medicinal procedures
Oil
rapeseed/canola
Table 6. Non-food, non-cosmetic uses of edible oils.3
105
102
108
108
101
100
105
104
50
0.5% Brassica Oleracea Italica (Broccoli) Seed Oil in a

hair conditioner
0.0985% Camellia Sinensis Seed Oil in a lipstick
0.0985% Camellia Sinensis Seed Oil in a lipstick
74.7% Canola Oil in a body oil
0.1% Caryocar Brailinese Fruit Oil in a lipstick
2% Citrullus Lanatus (Watermelon) Seed Oil in a facial

oil
0.5% Euterpe Oleracea Fruit Oil in an eye treatment
0.19% Glycine Soja (Soybean) Unsaponifiables in a face

and neck product
106
4% Astrocaryum Murumuru Seed Butter in a lipstick
5% Hydrogenated Rapeseed Oil in a baby oil
106
213
108
1% Borago Officinalis Seed Oil in a body and hand

formulation
108
100
108
3% Avena Sativa (Oat)Kernel Oil in a body and hand

formulation
97
1% Astrocaryum Murumuru Seed Butter [Murumuru] in

a lipstick
108
107
100% Adansonia Digitata Seed Oil [Baobab]
106
HRIPT, occluded
45
HRIPT with 150 l test material, semi-occluded
HRIPT, semi-occluded
HRIPT with 200 mg test material, semi-occluded
HRIPT with 0.2 g, occluded
HRIPT with 150 l of test material, 10% dilution,

semi-occluded
HRIPT with 0.2 ml, semi-occluded
HRIPT with 0.2 ml, occluded
HRIPT, occluded
HRIPT, occluded
HRIPT, occluded
HRIPT, occluded
HRIPT, occluded
HRIPT, occluded
not a dermal irritation or sensitizer
not a dermal irritant or sensitizer
HRIPT with 0.02-0.05 ml test material, semioccluded

HRIPT with 150 mg test material, semi-occluded
Results
HRIPT with 0.2 g test material, semi-occluded
Table 7. Clinical irritation and sensitization studies on vegetable oils.

Subjects Completed
Method
0.01% Adansonia Digitata Seed Oil [Baobab] in a lip

product
Ingredient and Concentration
135
134
133
132
131
130
129
128
127
126
125
124
123
122
121
120
119
118
117
116
Reference
102
100
104
600
105
102
57
50
108
107
1% Mangifera Indica (Mango) Seed Butter in a facial

lotion
3% Moringa Pterygosperna Seed Oil in an eye treatment
1.99% Oenothera Biennis (Evening Primrose) Oil in a

foundation
22% Olea Europaea (Olive) Fruit Oil in a body

moisturizer
58.7% Olea Europaea (Olive) Fruit Oil in a conditioning

hair oil
5% Hydrogenated Olive Oil Unsaponifiables in a skin

cleansing product
2% Hydrogenated Olive Oil Unsaponifiables in a face

and neck product
12% Hydrogenated Olive Oil in a lipstick
2.5% Olea Europaea (Olive) Oil Unsaponfiables in a

bath body mist
105
9.4% Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil in

mascara
9% Mangifera Indica (Mango) Seed Butter in a body

product
109
71.3% Limnanthes Alba (Meadowfoam) Seed Oil in a

facial repair product
100
52
0.31% Irvingia Ganensis Kernel Butter [Dika] in a face

and neck product
2% Mangifera Indica (Mango) Seed Oil in a lipstick
100
2% Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil

Unsaponifiables in a face and neck product
102
100
2% Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil

Unsaponifiables in a night product
3.87% Mangifera Indica (Mango) Seed Oil in an eyeliner
108
46
HRIPT, occluded
HRIPT, occluded
HRIPT, semi-occluded, 10% dilution
HRIPT with 0.2 ml, semi-occluded
HRIPT, occluded
HRIPT with 0.2 g, semi-occluded
HRIPT with 0.2 g of test material, semi-occluded
HRIPT with 0.2 g test material, semi-occluded
HRIPT, occluded
HRIPT, occluded

Subjects Completed
Method
39% Hydrogenated Soybean Oil in a lipstick
not a sensitizer
7 subjects had + on the first day of the

induction only, no other reactions. Not
a dermal irritant or sensitizer.
Results
147
136
135
135
146
145
144
143
142
141
140
139
138
137
135
135
135
136
Reference
107
104
105
228
195
102
104
106
106
53
115
106
106
105
53
3.79% Orbignya Oleifera Seed Oil in a cream cleanser
0.04% Prunus Domestica Seed Oil in a preshave lotion
0.2% Ribes Nigrum (Black Currant) Seed Oil is an eye

mask
0.2% Ribes Nigrum (Black Currant) Seed Oil is an eye

mask
Rubus Idaeus (Raspberry) Seed Oil in a face and neck

product (concentration not reported)
0.0023% Solanum Lycopersicum (Tomato) Seed Oil in a

cream cleanser
50.1% Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Seed Butter in a lip

balm
5% Theobroma Grandiflorum Seed Butter in a lip balm
0.04% Vaccinium Macrocarpon (Cranberry) Seed Oil in

a face and neck product
4% Vegetable Oil in a foundation
4% Vegetable Oil in a lipstick

11% Vegetable Oil in an eye shadow
39% Vitis Vinifera (Grape )Seed Oil in a preshave lotion
0.5% Hydrogenated Grapeseed Oil in a lip product
47

HRIPT, occluded
HRIPT with 0.2 ml of a 10% dilution , semi-occluded
HRIPT, occluded
4-week safety in-use study
HRIPT, occluded
HRIPT with 0.2 ml of a 10% dilution , semi-occluded

Subjects Completed
Method
17.64% Sodium Olivate in a body bar soap
not a sensitizer

1 subject had + on the first day of the

induction only, no other reactions. Not
adermal irritant or sensitizer.
No adverse reactions reported.

Product considered suitable for
sensitive skin.
4 subjects had "?" or "+" reaction

during induction that were not
considered clinically relevant, no
other reactions observed. Not
sensitizing
not a sensitizer
Results
159
150
158
157
156
135
155
154
153
135
152
151
150
149
148
Reference
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90. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Refined Borage Oil specifications. 2009. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
91. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Camellia Seed Oil data sheet. 2007. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd.
92. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Camellia Seed Oil specifications. 2005. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
93. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Papaya Seed Oil data sheet. 2005. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
94. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Refined Papaya Seed Oil specification. 2010. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
95. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Lime Seed Oil data sheet. 2007. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
96. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Refined Lime Seed Oil specifications. 2007. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
97. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Orange Seed Oil data sheet. 2009. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
98. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Refined Orange Seed Oil specifications. 2009. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
99. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Grapefruit Seed Oil data sheet. 2007. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
100. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Refined Grapefruit Seed Oil specifications. 2010. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
101. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Pumpkin Seed Oil data sheet. 2007. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
102. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Pressed Pumpkin Seed Oil specifications. 2006. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
103. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Cranberry Seed Oil data sheet. 2005. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
52
104. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Refined Cranberry Seed Oil specification. 2008. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
105. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Evening Primrose Oil data sheet. 2005. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
106. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Refined Evening Primose Oil specification. 2009. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
107. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Plum Oil data sheet. 2005. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
108. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Virgin Plum Oil specification. 2010. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
109. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Blackcurrant Seed Oil specification. 2005. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
110. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Refined Blackcurrant Seed Oil specification. 2010. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
111. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Red Raspberry Seed Oil data sheet. 2007. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
112. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Refined Red Raspberry Seed Oil specification. 2006. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
113. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Moringa Oil data sheet. 2005. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
114. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Refined Moringa Oil specification. 2006. John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd.
115. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd. Seatons Refined Rice Bran Oil specifications. 2009. John L. Seaton & Co, Ltd.
116. Consumer Product Testing Co. Repeated insult patch test of a lip product containing 0.01% Adansonia Digitata Seed
Oil. Experiment reference number: C08-1131.02. Unpublished data. 4-29-2008.
117. BioScreen Testing Services, Inc. Human subject repeat insult patch test skin irritation/sensitization evaluation of
Phytoterra Organic Baobab Oil. SCS Study No.: 08-042. 2009. BioScreen Testing Services, Inc.
118. Product Investigations, Inc. Determination of the irritating and sensitizing propensities of lipstick (containing 1%
Astrocaryum Murumuru Seed Butter) on human skin. Unpublished data. 9-30-2002. Product
Investigations, Inc.
119. Clinical Research Laboratories, Inc. Repeated insult patch test on a lipstick formulation containing 4% Astrocaryum
Murumura Seed Butter. CRL study no.: CRL69608-4. Unpublished data. 8-1-2008.
125. RCTS, Inc. Clinical safety evaluation. Human repeated insult patch test with a body and hand formulation
containing 3% Avena Sativa (Oat) Kernel Oil. RCTS study no.: 1712 &1714. Unpublished data. 9-8-2004.
126. TKL Research. Repeated insult patch test on a body and hand formulation containng 1% Borago Officinalis Seed
Oil. TKL study o.: DS103107/103507. 6-22-2007.
53
127. Consumer Product Testing Co. Repeated insult patch test of a baby oil containing 5% hydrogenated rapeseed oil.
Unpublished data. 1999.
128. Product Investigations, Inc. Determination of the irritating and sensitizing propensities of a hair conditioner
(containing 0.5% Brassica Oleracea Italica (Broccoli) Seed Oil) on human skin. Unpublished data. 11-112008. Product Investigations, Inc.
129. Consumer Product Testing Co. Repeated insult patch test on a lipstick containing 0.0985% Camellia Sinensis Seed
Oil. Ref. No.: C08-5394.07. 2008.
130. Consumer Product Testing Co. Repeated insult parch test of a lipstick containing 0.0985% Camellia Sinensis Seed
OIl. Ref. No. C08-5394.08. 2008.
131. Product Investigations, Inc. Determination of the irritating and sensitizing propensities of a body oil (containing
74.7% Canola Oil) on human skin. Unpublished data. 2005. Product Investigations, Inc.
132. Product Investigations, Inc. Determination of the irritating and sensitizing propensities of a lipstick (containing 0.1%
Caryocar Brasilienses Fruit Oil) on human skin. Unpublished data. 2009. Products Investigations, Inc.
133. Clinical Research Laboratories, Inc. Repeated insult patch test of a facial oil containing 2% Citrullus Lanatus
(Watermelono) Seed Oil. Unpublished data. 2009. Clinical Research Laboratories, Inc.
134. Product Investigations, Inc. Determination of the irritating and senstizing propensities of an eye treatment
(containing 0.5% Euterpe Oleracea Fruit Oil) on human skin. Unpublished data. 2007. Product
135. Personal Care Products Council. Summaries of HRIPT studies of products containing plant oils. Unpublished data.
6-1-2010.
136. Clinical Research Laboratories, Inc. Repeated insult patch test on a lipstick containing 39% Hydrogenated Soybean
Oil and 12% Hydrogenated Olive Oil. CRL study no.: CRL128208-13. Unpublished data. 12-24-2008.
137. Clinical Research Laboratories, Inc. Repeated insult patch test of a facial repair product containing 71.3%
Limnanthes Alba (Meadowfoam) Seed Oil. Unpublished data. 2005. Clinical Research Laboratories, Inc.
138. Consumer Product Testing Co. Repeated insult patch test on a mascara containing Linum Usitatissiumum (Linseed)
Seed Oil at 9.4%. Experiment reference number: C08-3409.02. Unpublished data. 9-10-2008.
139. Consumer Product Testing Co. Repeated insult patch test protocol of an eyeliner containing 3.87% Mangifera Indica
(Mango) Seed Oil. Unpublished data. 2004. Consumer Product Testing Co.
140. Product Investigations, Inc. Determination of the irritating and sensitizing propensities of lipstick (containing 2%
Mangifera Indica (Mango) Seed Oil) on human skin. Unpublished data. 2003. Product Investigations, Inc.
141. TKL Research. Repeated insult patch test of a body product containing 9% Mangifera Indican (Mango) Seed Butter.
142. Product Investigations, Inc. Determination of the irritating and sensitizing propensities of a facial lotion (containing
1% Mangifera Indica (Mango) Seed Butter) on human skin. Unpublished data. 2009. Product
143. Product Investigations, Inc. Determination of the irritating and sensitizing propensities of an eye treatment
(containing 3% Moringa Pterygosperm Seed Oil) on human skin. Unpublished data. 2007. Product
144. Orentreich Research Corporation. Predictive patch test study of a foundation containing 1.99% Oenothera Biennis
(Evening Primrose) Oil. Unpublished data. 2007.
54
145. Clinical Research Laboratories, Inc. Repeated insult patch test on a body moisturizer containing 22% Olea Europaea
(Olive) Fruit Oil. Unpublished data. 2007.
146. Consumer Product Testing Co. Repeated insult patch test on a conditioning hair oil containing 58.70% Olea
Europaea (Olive) Fruit Oil. Unpublished data. 2003.
147. Product Investigations, Inc. Determination of the irritating and sensitizing propensities on human skin for a
frgranced body mist containing 2.5% Olea Europaea (Olive) Oil Unsaponifiables. Unpublished data. 2007.
148. Clinical Research Laboratories, Inc. Repeated insult patch test of a body bar soap containng 17.64% sodium olivate.
149. Consumer Product Testing Co. Repeated insult patch test of a cream cleanser containing 3.79% Orbignya Oleifera
Seed Oil. Unpublished data. 2006. Consumer Product Testing Co.
150. TKL Research. Repeated insult patch test of a preshave lotion containing 39% Vitis Vinifera (Grape) Seed Oil and
0.04% Prunus Domestica Seed Oil. TKL Study No: DS109206-3. Unpublished data. 2-15-2007.
151. TKL Reseach. HRIPT of an eye mask containing 0.2% Ribes Nigrum (Black Currant) Seed Oil. RIPT 07-7331-036.
Unpublished data (summary). 2007.
152. Q Research. 4-week use study of an eye mask containing 0.2% Ribes Nigrum (Black Currant) Seed Oil. Use 077331-056. Unpublished data (summary). 2007.
153. Consumer Product Testing Co. Repeated insult patch test of a cream cleanser containing 0.0023% Solanum
Lycopersicum (Tomato) Seed Oil. Unpublished data. 2006. Consumer Product Testing, Co.
154. Product Investigations, Inc. Determination of the irritating and sensitizing propensities of a lip balm (containing
50.1% Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Seed Butter) on human skin. Unpublished data. 2006. Product
155. Product Investigations, Inc. Determination of the irritating and sensitizing propensities of a lip balm (containing 5%
Theobroma Grandiflorum Seed Butter) on human skin. Unpublished data. 2008. Product Investigations,
Inc.
156. Clinical Research Laboratories, Inc. Repeated insult patch test of a foundation containing 4% Vegetable Oil.
Unpublished data. 2005. Clinical Research Laboratories, Inc.
157. Consumer Product Testing Co. Exclusive repeated insult patchtest on a lipstick containing 4% vegetable oil. Ref.
No. C07-0193.12. Unpublished data. 2007.
158. Clinical Research Laboratories, Inc. Repeated insult patch test of an eye shadow containing 11% vegetable oil. CRL
study number: CRL14606-4. Unpublished data. 3-30-2006.
159. Clinical Research Laboratories, Inc. Repeated insult patch test of a lip product containing 0.5% hydrogenated
grapeseed oil. CRL study number: CRL88908-5. Unpublished data. 9-8-2008.
55
Data
2010 FDA VCRP Raw Data
VEGETABLE FATTY ACID

VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
VEGETABLE OIL
06A - Hair Dyes and Colors (all types requiring caution statements and patch tests)
07E - Lipstick
12F - Moisturizing
01B - Baby Lotions, Oils, Powders, and Creams
02A - Bath Oils, Tablets, and Salts
02D - Other Bath Preparations
03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
03F - Mascara
03G - Other Eye Makeup Preparations
04E - Other Fragrance Preparation
05F - Shampoos (non-coloring)
06H - Other Hair Coloring Preparation
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
07I - Other Makeup Preparations
08C - Nail Creams and Lotions
10A - Bath Soaps and Detergents
12A - Cleansing
12C - Face and Neck (exc shave)
12D - Body and Hand (exc shave)
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
12H - Paste Masks (mud packs)
12J - Other Skin Care Preps
13A - Suntan Gels, Creams, and Liquids
17
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
7
1
1
1
3
71
6
1
1
5
5
7
8
4
3
10
3
HYDROGENATED VEGETABLE OIL

03A - Eyebrow Pencil

03B - Eyeliner
03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
03F - Mascara
05A - Hair Conditioner
07B - Face Powders
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
08B - Cuticle Softeners
10E - Other Personal Cleanliness Products
12A - Cleansing
12E - Foot Powders and Sprays
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
13B - Indoor Tanning Preparations
13C - Other Suntan Preparations
29
38
11
9
4
11
1
2
1
8
216
27
1
1
1
12
7
21
1
30
7
2
15
1
1
BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS (RAPESEED) SEED OIL

03D - Eye Lotion

07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
1
1
1
1
3
4
9
3
1
1
2
HYDROGENATED RAPESEED OIL
12A - Cleansing
CANOLA OIL
CANOLA OIL
CANOLA OIL
CANOLA OIL
CANOLA OIL
CANOLA OIL
CANOLA OIL
CANOLA OIL
CANOLA OIL
CANOLA OIL
CANOLA OIL
CANOLA OIL
CANOLA OIL
CANOLA OIL
CANOLA OIL
CANOLA OIL
CANOLA OIL
CANOLA OIL

03B - Eyeliner
03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
05G - Tonics, Dressings, and Other Hair Grooming Aids
05I - Other Hair Preparations
07E - Lipstick
11G - Other Shaving Preparation Products
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
1
1
1
1
6
2
7
4
62
4
2
1
4
13
1
15
2
5
HYDROGENATED CANOLA OIL

HYDROGENATED CANOLA OIL
12A - Cleansing
1
2
PALM KERNEL ACID

PALM KERNEL ACID
PALM KERNEL ACID
PALM KERNEL ACID
PALM KERNEL ACID
PALM KERNEL ACID
PALM KERNEL ACID

11F - Shaving Soap
12A - Cleansing
12I - Skin Fresheners
1
1
61
3
2
2
2
ELAEIS OLEIFERA KERNEL OIL

05E - Rinses (non-coloring)

1
1
3
PALM ACID
PALM ACID
PALM ACID

12A - Cleansing
1
31
1
PALM FATTY ACID

PALM FATTY ACID

12A - Cleansing
27
2
POTASSIUM PALMATE
POTASSIUM PALMATE

11F - Shaving Soap
2
3
POTASSIUM PALM KERNELATE


11F - Shaving Soap
1
3
3
SODIUM PALMATE
SODIUM PALMATE
SODIUM PALMATE
SODIUM PALMATE
SODIUM PALMATE
01C - Other Baby Products

3
1
1
184
5
SODIUM PALMATE
SODIUM PALMATE
SODIUM PALMATE
SODIUM PALMATE
11F - Shaving Soap

12A - Cleansing
5
10
2
1
SODIUM PALM KERNELATE


11A - Aftershave Lotion
11F - Shaving Soap
12A - Cleansing
4
3
1
169
4
1
3
5
4
GLYCINE SOJA (SOYBEAN) OIL

01A - Baby Shampoos

02B - Bubble Baths
03B - Eyeliner
03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
03E - Eye Makeup Remover
03F - Mascara
05B - Hair Spray (aerosol fixatives)
05H - Wave Sets
06C - Hair Rinses (coloring)
07A - Blushers (all types)
07B - Face Powders
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
07F - Makeup Bases
07G - Rouges
07H - Makeup Fixatives
08E - Nail Polish and Enamel
08G - Other Manicuring Preparations
11D - Preshave Lotions (all types)
11E - Shaving Cream
12A - Cleansing
12B - Depilatories
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
1
17
3
13
1
5
7
20
13
2
3
8
3
25
2
19
23
1
27
5
12
21
22
103
3
14
1
19
2
2
2
23
47
1
1
2
2
36
4
50
82
1
152
19
7
9
49
7


19
2
EPOXIDIZED SOYBEAN OIL

08A - Basecoats and Undercoats

1
3
1
GLYCINE SOJA (SOYBEAN) OIL UNSAPONIFIABLES

07C - Foundations
1
7
1
3
HYDROGENATED SOYBEAN OIL

03B - Eyeliner
03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
07D - Leg and Body Paints
07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
4
7
8
2
HELIANTHUS ANNUUS (SUNFLOWER) SEED OIL

01A - Baby Shampoos

02B - Bubble Baths
02C - Bath Capsules
03B - Eyeliner
03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
03F - Mascara
05C - Hair Straighteners
05H - Wave Sets
06G - Hair Bleaches
07B - Face Powders
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
10B - Deodorants (underarm)
1
16
1
3
1
1
6
12
17
21
1
13
12
68
4
3
30
25
1
48
81
3
1
23
7
19
260
2
19
1
2
2
3
46
1


11E - Shaving Cream
12A - Cleansing
12B - Depilatories
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
HYBRID SUNFLOWER SEED OIL
07E - Lipstick
52
2
7
2
34
1
93
100
3
225
25
19
2
76
4
9
6
1
HELIANTHUS ANNUUS (SUNFLOWER) SEED OIL UNSAPONIFIABLES

03B - Eyeliner
12G - Night
SUNFLOWER OIL, UNSAPONIFIABLE FRACTION
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
OLEA EUROPAEA (OLIVE) FRUIT OIL

7
2
7
7
1
3
6
9
7
2
4
54
8
39
55
34
9
6
3
26
3
10
2
1
1
1
95
3
26
1
1
12
2

03B - Eyeliner
03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
03F - Mascara
04A - Cologne and Toilet waters
07B - Face Powders
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
07F - Makeup Bases
11B - Beard Softeners
11E - Shaving Cream
11F - Shaving Soap


12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
HYDROGENATED OLIVE OIL

03B - Eyeliner
03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
03F - Mascara
07E - Lipstick
11F - Shaving Soap
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
1
1
1
5
5
4
6
1
7
1
1
1
3
2
4
2
3
2
HYDROGENATED OLIVE OIL UNSAPONIFIABLES

HYDROGENATED OLIVE OIL UNSAPONIFIABLES
07C - Foundations
1
1
OLEA EUROPAEA (OLIVE) OIL UNSAPONIFIABLES

03D - Eye Lotion

03F - Mascara
07B - Face Powders
07E - Lipstick
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
2
4
6
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
4
14
2
26
4
3
2
OLIVE OIL FATTY ACIDS, POTASSIUM SALTS

OLIVE OIL FATTY ACIDS, POTASSIUM SALTS

11E - Shaving Cream
1
2
SODIUM OLIVATE
SODIUM OLIVATE
SODIUM OLIVATE
SODIUM OLIVATE

11E - Shaving Cream
1
9
2
4
2
40
58
111
183
9
6
35
3
18
3
ACTINIDIA CHINENSIS (KIWI) SEED OIL


07E - Lipstick
12G - Night
1
2
1
3
ADANSONIA DIGITATA SEED OIL

01A - Baby Shampoos

12F - Moisturizing
1
1
2
1
1
ARGANIA SPINOSA KERNEL OIL


03B - Eyeliner
03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
03F - Mascara
07B - Face Powders
07E - Lipstick
11E - Shaving Cream
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
1
1
3
2
1
2
2
1
2
3
1
1
9
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
8
12
12
3
2
3
3
11
6
ASTROCARYUM MURUMURU SEED BUTTER

03B - Eyeliner
03D - Eye Lotion
07B - Face Powders
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
3
7
11
4
1
3
1
2
3
5
23
22
6
1
2
1
4
5


12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
21
57
6
3
1
AVENA SATIVA (OAT) KERNEL OIL

01A - Baby Shampoos

02B - Bubble Baths
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
3
27
1
1
BORAGO OFFICINALIS SEED OIL


03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
03F - Mascara
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
3
1
2
3
2
1
3
2
2
3
2
1
1
1
2
2
7
30
23
54
8
3
17
7
CAMELINA SATIVA SEED OIL


07E - Lipstick
12F - Moisturizing
8
7
1
13
34
3
4
6
CAMELLIA OLEIFERA SEED OIL


07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
1
1
3
1
2
7
8
2
HYDROGENATED CAMELLIA OLEIFERA SEED OIL
12F - Moisturizing
CAMELLIA SINENSIS SEED OIL


07B - Face Powders
07E - Lipstick
12F - Moisturizing
1
1
1
1
2
2
4
CARYOCAR BRASILIENSE FRUIT OIL

03D - Eye Lotion

07E - Lipstick
12F - Moisturizing
12
1
12
2
2
1
1
QUINOA OIL
CITRULLUS LANATUS (WATERMELON) SEED OIL
CITRULLUS VULGARIS (WATERMELON) SEED OIL
CITRUS PARADISI (GRAPEFRUIT) SEED OIL


12F - Moisturizing
1
1
1
3
CITRUS MEDICA LIMONUM (LEMON) SEED OIL


12F - Moisturizing
1
1
1
2
CUCUMIS SATIVUS (CUCUMBER) OIL

03D - Eye Lotion

12F - Moisturizing
1
1
1
1
2
CUCURBITA PEPO (PUMPKIN) SEED OIL

03D - Eye Lotion

04C - Powders (dusting and talcum, excluding aftershave talc)
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
1
1
1
1
4
3
5
1
1
EUTERPE OLERACEA FRUIT OIL

03C - Eye Shadow

03D - Eye Lotion
1
1
2
1
4


07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
5
3
1
2
1
1
2
3
2
IRVINGIA GABONENSIS KERNEL BUTTER

03D - Eye Lotion

07E - Lipstick
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
2
1
64
1
11
8
15
1
1
2
3
LIMNANTHES ALBA (MEADOWFOAM) SEED OIL


03B - Eyeliner
03D - Eye Lotion
03F - Mascara
06D - Hair Shampoos (coloring)
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
11E - Shaving Cream
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
1
2
13
4
12
1
17
7
17
6
43
2
1
6
67
7
3
1
2
1
9
24
18
1
28
9
3
1
9
1
LINUM USITATISSIMUM (LINSEED) SEED OIL


03D - Eye Lotion
2
1
1
2
1
13
3
10
14


11E - Shaving Cream
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
2
1
2
4
1
2
18
7
5
8
2
1
2
LINSEED ACID
LINSEED ACID
LINSEED ACID

1
1
1
MANGIFERA INDICA (MANGO) SEED OIL

03B - Eyeliner
07E - Lipstick
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
13
1
2
3
1
6
7
7
2
8
7
9
1
1
4
MANGIFERA INDICA (MANGO) SEED BUTTER


02B - Bubble Baths
03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
04B - Perfumes
07B - Face Powders
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
3
1
3
4
2
2
2
3
4
3
13
3
3
5
1
25
3
7
5
5
3
4
15
39
2
3
10
2
SODIUM MANGOSEEDATE
#REF!
MORINGA PTERYGOSPERMA SEED OIL
03F - Mascara
07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
4
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
OENOTHERA BIENNIS (EVENING PRIMROSE) OIL


02B - Bubble Baths
03D - Eye Lotion
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
11E - Shaving Cream
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
3
1
1
4
16
2
5
6
8
1
2
14
2
1
2
1
4
1
6
10
15
24
8
3
9
1
HYDROGENATED EVENING PRIMROSE OIL

03B - Eyeliner
12F - Moisturizing
1
2
5
6
ORBIGNYA COHUNE SEED OIL
ORBIGNYA OLEIFERA SEED OIL


03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
07E - Lipstick
2
1
1
5
16
5
7
10
5
5
3
57
4


12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
3
2
1
4
3
9
12
3
3
PERILLA OCYMOIDES SEED OIL

03D - Eye Lotion

2
2
1
2
HYDROGENATED AVOCADO OIL


07E - Lipstick
12F - Moisturizing
1
1
1
2
6
PERSEA GRATISSIMA (AVOCADO) BUTTER

PERSEA GRATISSIMA (AVOCADO) BUTTER
07E - Lipstick
12F - Moisturizing
11
4
PERSEA GRATISSIMA (AVOCADO) OIL UNSAPONIFIABLES


03B - Eyeliner
03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
1
4
1
4
2
2
4
2
2
2
2
1
2
4
6
16
2
5
1
SODIUM AVOCADOATE
PLUKENETIA VOLUBILIS SEED OIL


07E - Lipstick
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
1
3
4
2
2
1
PRUNUS ARMENIACA (APRICOT) KERNEL OIL


5
2
5
3
1

03B - Eyeliner
03D - Eye Lotion
03F - Mascara
06G - Hair Bleaches
07B - Face Powders
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
11E - Shaving Cream
12A - Cleansing
12B - Depilatories
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
HYDROGENATED APRICOT KERNEL OIL

HYDROGENATED APRICOT KERNEL OIL

12F - Moisturizing
1
1
PRUNUS AVIUM (SWEET CHERRY) SEED OIL
PRUNUS PERSICA (PEACH) KERNEL OIL


12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
4
2
6
PYRUS MALUS (APPLE ) SEED OIL

PYRUS MALUS (APPLE ) SEED OIL
07E - Lipstick
12F - Moisturizing
7
1
RIBES NIGRUM (BLACK CURRANT) SEED OIL
1
8
2
4
9
5
33
1
22
3
19
5
3
2
1
4
38
10
1
4
2
1
2
11
1
12
2
1
3
31
2
47
87
124
13
3
4
46
5


07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
1
2
2
1
7
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
7
1
14
2
1
2
RUBUS IDAEUS (RASPBERRY) SEED OIL


07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
SCLEROCARYA BIRREA SEED OIL


07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
2
2
1
3
6
2
1
1
3
5
2
1
SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM (TOMATO) SEED OIL
THEOBROMA CACAO (COCOA) SEED BUTTER


03B - Eyeliner
03D - Eye Lotion
07E - Lipstick
07F - Makeup Bases
07G - Rouges
8
4
2
1
3
5
1
1
10
7
2
2
3
2
33
5
1
10


11E - Shaving Cream
12A - Cleansing
12B - Depilatories
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
1
26
9
1
1
2
5
4
2
13
72
2
147
7
5
4
26
7
8
THEOBROMA GRANDIFLORUM SEED BUTTER

02B - Bubble Baths

03B - Eyeliner
03D - Eye Lotion
07E - Lipstick
11E - Shaving Cream
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
4
1
1
13
1
6
3
2
2
2
3
49
4
7
12
1
1
6
6
25
1
2
1
TRITICUM VULGARE (WHEAT) GERM OIL UNSAPONIFIABLES

03D - Eye Lotion
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
1
11
1
2
1
1
WHEAT GERM ACID

WHEAT GERM ACID
WHEAT GERM ACID

13
2
1
VACCINIUM MACROCARPON (CRANBERRY) SEED OIL

03D - Eye Lotion

2
1
3
1
2
2

12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
3
3
1
3
VACCINIUM OXYCOCCOS (CRANBERRY) SEED OIL

VACCINIUM OXYCOCCOS SEED OIL
12F - Moisturizing
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
1
1
1
1
VITIS VINIFERA (GRAPE) SEED OIL


03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
06G - Hair Bleaches
07B - Face Powders
07E - Lipstick
11E - Shaving Cream
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
SODIUM GRAPESEEDATE
HYDROGENATED GRAPESEED OIL


07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
4
3
1
4
3
6
17
6
9
14
4
1
2
3
1
2
34
6
2
3
1
2
15
19
1
1
3
2
11
18
59
134
15
6
5
27
1
15
BASSIA LATIFOLIA SEED BUTTER

03C - Eye Shadow

07B - Face Powders
12F - Moisturizing
4
1
5
1
4
7
CAMELLIA KISSI SEED OIL


03C - Eye Shadow
07B - Face Powders
07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
1
4
3
1
2
2
3
2
1
1
1
4
3
7
7
2
1
2
CRAMBE ABYSSINICA SEED OIL


07E - Lipstick
12G - Night
1
5
1
1
5
2
4
1
2
1
3
GARCINIA INDICA SEED BUTTER

03D - Eye Lotion

07E - Lipstick
11F - Shaving Soap
12F - Moisturizing
1
3
5
1
2
2
2
9
5
HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES FRUIT OIL

03D - Eye Lotion

12F - Moisturizing
1
1
3
2
HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES OIL


3
1
2
1
1
3


3
1
LUFFA CYLINDRICA SEED OIL

03C - Eye Shadow

07B - Face Powders
07E - Lipstick
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
1
3
1
9
2
1
1
1
2
LUPINUS ALBUS SEED OIL
LYCIUM BARBARUM SEED OIL

LYCIUM BARBARUM SEED OIL

07E - Lipstick
1
1
ORBIGNYA SPECIOSA KERNEL OIL


2
2
1
3
PASSIFLORA EDULIS SEED OIL

03C - Eye Shadow

03D - Eye Lotion
07B - Face Powders
07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
1
2
2
3
1
1
3
3
2
14
1
2
6
2
16
1
2
PUNICA GRANATUM SEED OIL

03D - Eye Lotion

07E - Lipstick
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
2
1
30
2
3
5
1
2
ROSA CANINA FRUIT OIL

02B - Bubble Baths

03B - Eyeliner
03D - Eye Lotion
03F - Mascara
1
4
7
2
4
1
4
2


07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
1
2
3
7
2
1
3
4
23
7
22
9
1
7
3
1
RUBUS CHAMAEMORUS SEED OIL

RUBUS CHAMAEMORUS SEED OIL

12G - Night
2
1
VACCINIUM MYRTILLUS SEED OIL

07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
29
1
1
2
VACCINIUM VITIS-IDAEA SEED OIL


1
1
3
3
1
VANILLA PLANIFOLIA FRUIT OIL

03D - Eye Lotion

12F - Moisturizing
1
1
2
1
4
CARTHAMUS TINCTORIUS (SAFFLOWER) SEED OIL

HYBRID SAFFLOWER OIL

03B - Eyeliner
03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
07B - Face Powders
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
07F - Makeup Bases
11E - Shaving Cream
12A - Cleansing
12B - Depilatories
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
5
1
2
1
6
4
2
3
5
26
1
10
37
5
2
11
3
3
83
1
7
1
4
2
16
9
19
12
1
1
1
22
4
15
62
70
5
5
3
33
4
1
2
1
1
2
4
1
1
1
1
ELAEIS GUINEENSIS (PALM) OIL


03B - Eyeliner
03D - Eye Lotion
1
1
5
1
3
3
16
3
3
4


07E - Lipstick
11E - Shaving Cream
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
17
11
3
8
59
9
7
4
8
17
34
28
6
2
13
5
1
ELAEIS GUINEENSIS (PALM) KERNEL OIL

02B - Bubble Baths

03B - Eyeliner
03D - Eye Lotion
07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
1
5
1
2
2
5
1
6
3
8
9
1
7
9
12
2
1
2
HYDROGENATED PALM OIL


03B - Eyeliner
03D - Eye Lotion
03F - Mascara
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
11F - Shaving Soap
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
13
9
2
29
8
1
12
3
13
15
2
1
9
9
17
4
2
1
2
HYDROGENATED PALM KERNEL OIL


07E - Lipstick
1
1
1
5
2


12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
6
10
13
1
5
2
GOSSYPIUM HERBACEUM (COTTON) SEED OIL

03B - Eyeliner
03F - Mascara
04B - Perfumes
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
11E - Shaving Cream
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
2
2
1
10
2
1
9
1
5
1
2
4
3
3
14
1
10
1
8
3
HYDROGENATED COTTONSEED OIL


03B - Eyeliner
03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
03F - Mascara
07E - Lipstick
12F - Moisturizing
8
32
87
18
1
2
15
3
1
1
168
13
9
1
1
2
ORYZA SATIVA (RICE) BRAN OIL


02B - Bubble Baths
03D - Eye Lotion
03F - Mascara
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
1
1
6
1
10
1
3
1
6
13
4
1
10
11
3
1
17


12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
2
2
3
39
9
1
9
22
50
1
88
11
5
34
1
1
3
ORYZA SATIVA (RICE) GERM OIL


03F - Mascara
07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
1
2
4
1
1
3
11
5
4
2
SESAMUM INDICUM (SESAME) SEED OIL


03B - Eyeliner
03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
05H - Wave Sets
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
07F - Makeup Bases
11E - Shaving Cream
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
3
2
3
2
2
4
1
5
1
1
12
3
16
10
1
17
11
52
23
1
5
2
2
3
20
8
3
1
1
4
16
24
76
74

12G - Night
14
5
41
6
3
2
SESAMUM INDICUM (SESAME) OIL UNSAPONIFIABLES

07E - Lipstick
12F - Moisturizing
11
4
1
1
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL

ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL

5
3
03C - Eye Shadow
17
03D - Eye Lotion
7
4
03F - Mascara
1
6
11
1
1
12
11
4
178
06B - Hair Tints
1
1
06G - Hair Bleaches
1
2
22
07B - Face Powders
31
07C - Foundations
11
07E - Lipstick
30
7
1
1
1
2
4
12A - Cleansing
13
53
34
12F - Moisturizing
68
12G - Night
11
11
2
24
1
2
3
ZEA MAYS (CORN) GERM OIL


12A - Cleansing
3
1
4
1
1
1
2
1
9
6


12F - Moisturizing
4
16
3
1
ZEA MAYS (CORN) OIL UNSAPONIFIABLES
PERSEA GRATISSIMA (AVOCADO) OIL


02B - Bubble Baths
03B - Eyeliner
03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
03F - Mascara
05D - Permanent Waves
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
07F - Makeup Bases
08D - Nail Extenders
08F - Nail Polish and Enamel Removers
11E - Shaving Cream
11F - Shaving Soap
12A - Cleansing
12B - Depilatories
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
TRITICUM VULGARE (WHEAT) GERM OIL

01A - Baby Shampoos

7
2
23
1
1
2
3
1
12
1
2
3
7
58
4
10
1
26
33
57
2
4
60
23
14
1
2
1
1
1
1
30
13
2
4
2
2
37
1
35
95
1
199
20
14
2
46
5
8
3
1
6
2
1


1
03C - Eye Shadow
1
03D - Eye Lotion
5
1
03F - Mascara
3
2
2
48
4
3
30
30
05H - Wave Sets
1
25
9
1
06F - Hair Lighteners with Color
3
06G - Hair Bleaches
6
1
07C - Foundations
1
07E - Lipstick
29
5
1
1
16
6
1
12A - Cleansing
19
42
78
12F - Moisturizing
75
12G - Night
15
7
39
2
1
3
Personal CareProducts Council

Committed to Safety,
Quality & Innovation
Memorandum
TO:
F. Alan Andersen, Ph.D.

Director COSMETIC INGREDIENT REVIEW (CW)
-
FROM:
CIR Science and Support Committee
DATE:
May 13, 2010
SUBJECT:
Concentration of Use Plant Oils March 2010 Survey
Concentration of Use Vegetable Oil and Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil

Concentration of Use Major Plant Seed Oils March 2010 Survey
Concentration of Use Minor Plant Seed Oils March 2010 Survey
1101 17th Street, N.W., Suite 3O0 Washington, D.C. 20036-4702
202.331.1770
202.331 .1969 (fax)
www.personcilcarecouncil.org
Concentration of Use Vegetable Oil and Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil

-
Ingredient
Product Category
Concentration of Use
Vegetable Oil
Bath oils, tablets and salts
0002-0.02%
Vegetable Oil
Eyebrow pencil
0.02-0.05%
Vegetable Oil
Eye shadow
0.01-11%
Vegetable Oil
Eye lotion
0.05-2%
Vegetable Oil
Mascara
2%
Vegetable Oil
Perfumes
0.0005-0.02%
Vegetable Oil
Hair conditioners
2%
Vegetable Oil
Pennanent waves
0.02%
Vegetable Oil
Tonics, dressings and other hair grooming aids
0.07%
Vegetable Oil
Other hair preparations (noncoloring)
0.02%
Vegetable Oil
Foundations
0.04-5%
Vegetable Oil
Lipstick
0.03-11%
Vegetable Oil
Other makeup preparations
0.005-0.09%
Vegetable Oil
Cuticle softeners
2%
Vegetable Oil
Bath soaps and detergents
0.03-2%
Vegetable Oil
Skin cleansing (cold creams, cleansing lotions,

liquids and pads)
0.1%
Vegetable Oil
Depilatories
31%
Vegetable Oil
Face and neck creams, lotions and powders
0.3-2%
Vegetable Oil
Body and hand creams, lotions and powders
0.2-5%
Vegetable Oil
Moisturizing creams, lotions and powders
0.05%
Vegetable Oil
Night creams, lotions and powders
0.05-2%
Vegetable Oil
Other skin care preparations
0.0005-8%
Vegetable Oil
Other suntan preparations
0.03-1%
Other bath preparations
0.5%
Eyebrow pencil
7-31%
Eyeliner
10-49%
Eye shadow
0.4-25%
Eye lotion
0.2-1 1%
Mascara
0.008-8%
Page 1 of 2
Hair conditioners
0.0007%
Shampoos (noncoloring)
0.0005%
Hyclrogenated Vegetable Oil
0.09%
Hair dyes and colors (all types requiring

caution statement and patch test)
0.0004%
Hair tints
1%
Blushers (all types)
2-6%
Face powders
1%
Foundations
0.2-57%
Lipstick
0.8-60%
0.02-31%
Cuticle softeners
0.2%
2%
Other personal cleanliness products
4%
Shaving cream (aerosol, brushless and lather)
0.002%
Skin cleansing (cold creams, cleansing lotions

liquids and pads)
8%
Depilatories
6%
Face and neck cream, lotions and powders
3-20%
0.01-14%
Foot powders and sprays
3%
0.0005-0.2%
Paste masks (mud packs)
8%
2-8%
Suntan gels, creams and liquids
3%
12%
Information collected in 2010
Table prepared May 12, 2010
Page 2 of 2
Concentration of Use Major Plant Seed Oils March 2010 Survey

Brassica Campestris (Rapeseed) Seed Oil, Brassica Campestris (Rapeseed) Oil Unsaponifiables, Hydrogenated Rapeseed
Oil, Potassium Rapessedate, Rapeseed Acid, Sodium Rapseedate, Canola Oil, Canola Oil Unsaponifables, Hydrogenated
Canola Oil, Glycine Soja (Soybean) Oil, Glycine Soja (Soybean) Oil Unsaponifiables, Hydrogenated Soybean Oil, Soy
Acid, Potassium Sovate, Sodium Soyate. Hetianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil, Helianthus Annuns (Sunflower) Seed
Oil Unsaponifiables, Hydrogenated Sunflower Seed Oil, Sunflower Seed Acid, Olea Europaea (Olive) Fruit Oil, Olea
Europaea (Olive) Oil Unsaponifiables, Hydrogenated Olive Oil, 1-lydrogenated Olive Oil Unsaponifiables, Olive Acid, Olea
Europea (Olive) Husk Oil, Olea Europeae (Olive) Oil Unsaponifiables, Potassium Olivate, Sodium Olivate*
Ingredient
Product Category
Concentration of Use
Brassica Campestris (Rapeseed) Oil
0.1%
Lipstick
9%
Preshave lotions (all types)
1%

liquids and pads)
0.01-10%
Face and neck creams, lotions, and powders
2-17%
Body and hand creams, lotions, and powders
0.0 1-9%
Moisturizing crams, lotions and powders
3%
3%
1%
0.07%
0,007%
Hydrogenated Rapeseed Oil
Mascara
2%
Foundations
0.3%

liquids and pads)
4%
0.8%
Canola Oil
Bath oils, tablets, and salts
1-33%
Canola Oil
Eye shadow
0.03%
Canola Oil
Eye lotion
0.002%
Canola Oil
Colognes and toilet waters
0.02%
Canola Oil
Perfumes
17%
Canola Oil
Other fragrance preparations
0.0002%
Canola Oil
Hair conditioners
0.9-24%
Canola Oil
Hair sprays (aerosol fixatives)
0.006%
Canola Oil
0.06%
Canola Oil
Tonics, dressings, and other hair grooming aids
0.1-1 1%
Page 1 of 9
Canola Oil
Foundations
0.02%
Canola Oil
Lipstick
0.3-70%
Canola Oil
Nail clealus and lutiuns
Canola Oil
02-1%
Canola Oil
0.02%
Canola Oil

liquids and pads)
2%
Canola Oil
Depilatories
002-0.06%
Canola Oil
1-5%
Canola Oil
28-73%
Canola Oil
3%
Canola Oil
0.03-5%
Canola Oil
0.09%
Hair conditioners
0.00 1%
0.001%
Baby lotions, oils, powders and creams
2%
0,1-78%
Eyebrow pencil
0.1-1%
Eyeliner
0.1-1%
Eye shadow
0.005-0.8%
Eye lotion
0.2-2%
Mascara
0.04 2%
Perfumes
0.03-0.5%
0.04%
Hair conditioners
0.0002-30%
Permanent waves
95%
Rinses (noncoloring)
0.02%
0.0 1-0.2%
0.2-66%
0.005-0.7%
Face powders
0.005%
Foundations
0.0 1-1%
Page 2 of 9
Leg and body paints
0.3%
Lipstick
0.06-4%
Glycine Soja (S%heaa) Oil
NIakeup has
0.0
Nail creams and lotions
2-95%
Nail polish and enamel
0.02%
Nail polish and enamel removers
0.02%
0.0 1-52%
Deodorants (underarm)
0.0 1-0.5%
8%
Other shaving preparations
93%

liquids and pads)
0.2-9%
Depilatories
0.5%
0.0005-4%
0.1-75%
0.05%
0.1-94%
0.008-4%
0.008-1%
0.04-49%
Suntan gels, creams, and liquids
1%
Indoor tanning preparations
1%
0.2-0.3%

Unsaponifiables
Foundations
0.03-0.1%

Unsaponifiables
0,2%

Unsaponifiables
0.0001%
42%
Bubble baths
5%
Eyebrow pencil
7%
Eyeliner
5%
Page 3 of 9
Eye shadow
0.03-2%
Hair conditioners
0.1%
HydrogcLttcl Soybcati Oil
Bliislicrs (all
I 1
Face powders
0.07%
Foundations
0.09-15%
Lipstick
0.1-39%
Makeup bases
4%
0.01%
Basecoats and undercoats (manicuring preparations)
0.001%
Cuticle softeners
0.05-2%
25%
0.00 1-2%
0.05%
6%

liquids and pads)
0.2-15%
Depilatories
0.1%
2%
0.1-5%
0.4-5%
0.5-0.8%
7%
4-21%
1-2%
0.5%
Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil
Other baby products
0.2%
0.05-75%
Bubble baths
0.2%
Eyebrow pencil
0.1%
Eyeliner
0.01-19%
Eye Shadow
0.002-0.3%
Eye lotion
0.0 1-5%
ps)
Page 4 of 9
Eye makeup remover
0.0005-2%
Mascara
0.1%
Colngnns and oi Lt waters
0.027
Perfumes
0.03%
0.1-85%
Hair conditioners
0.000007-92%
0.06-0.07%
0.1%
0.00007- 0.3%
0.1-83%
0.3-15%
Hair dyes and colors
0.8%
Hair tints
20-35%
Hair bleaches
0.03%
Other hair coloring preparations
2%
0.1-10%
Face powders
0.0 1-0.5%
Foundations
0.1-16%
Lipstick
0.08-41%
Makeup bases
0.1%
2%
Cuticle softeners
30%
0.05%
Other manicuring preparations
0.4%
0.003-10%
0.0003-4%
0.02-6%
0.2%
Shaving cream (aerosol, brushless, and lather)
0.1-0.5%

liquids and pads)
0.03-35%
Depilatories
0.07-2%
1lelianiluis Aiinuns
(Suniio\ver)
Seed Oil
Page 5 of 9
0.0 1-28%
0.00 1-96%
1-lelianthus .\niuus (Sunflower) Seed OP
Bud and hand sprays
00002I %
0.1-3%
0.05-48%
0.3-16%
Skin fresheners
0.1%
0.02-80%
1-23%
0.002%
0.1%
Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed

Unsaponifiables
Eyeliner
0.02%

Unsaponifiables
0.1%

Unsaponifiables
0.02%

Unsaponifiables
2%

Unsaponifiables
0.02%

Unsaponifiables
0.01-2%

Unsaponifiables
0.005%
Eyeliner
7%
Hair tints
15-35%
Lipstick
6%

liquids and pads)
15-35%
Olea Europaea (Olive) Fruit Oil
0.2%
2%
Bubble baths
0.9%
17%
Page 6 of 9
Eyeliner
0.1-17%
Eye shadow
0.1-2%
Olca Eur parI (Olive) Fruit Oil
E.
Olea Europaea (Olive) Frut Oil
Eye makeup remover
0.0 1-10%
Mascara
0.004-0.8%
Perfumes
0.2-5%
Hair conditioners
0.03-94%
3%
Hair straighteners
0.01-0.5%
0.01%
0.006-0.5%
Tonics, dressings, arid other hair grooming aids
0.01-15%
1%
Hair dyes and colors (all types requiring caution

statement and patch test)
0.2%
Hair bleaches
0.2%
0.5%
0.1-26%
Face powders
0.08-2%
Foundations
0.1-44%
Leg and body paints
32%
Lipstick
0.7-26%
Makeup bases
49%
Rouges
0.5%
0.4%
0.00 1%
Cuticle softeners
1-2%
3%
40%
0.0005-3%
0.02-0.1%
0.00 1-0.05%
lotion
Page 7 of 9
1-3%
Aftershave lotions
0.5%
0.007-0.1%
QILa
ropnca
(Olive) Fruit Oil
Skin cLnns ing (cold

liquids and pads)
creams.
clennsing
lotions.
0.0110%
Depilatories
0.1%
0.03-50%
0.03-100%
3%
0.05-3%
0.005-1%
0.0005-3%
0.05-33%
0.1%
Olea Europaea (Olive) Fnut Oil
1%
20%
Olea Europaea (Olive) Oil Unsaponifiables
0.04%
Eye shadow
0.02-0.4%
Eye lotion
0.3%
Mascara
0.2%
3%
Hair conditioners
0.07-0.3%
0.2%
0.02%
Foundations
2%
Lipstick
0.08%
0.3%
0.01-0.04%
Olea Europaea (Olive) Oil Unsaponiflables
0.0001%
0.4%
Eye Shadow
0.1-3%
Eye lotion
0.1%
Mascara
2%
Page 8 of 9
Hair conditioners
0.01%
0.1%
tld: genated Olive Oil
Face po\\ders
12%
Foundations
0.1-7%
Lipstick
0.1-12%
0.1%
0.0005%
1-2%
0.1-1%
0.2%
0.1-0.5%
0.1%
1%
0.1%
0.1%
Hydrogenated Olive Oil Unsaponifiables
Eye shadow
2%
Eye lotion
0.3%
Foundations
0.05-3%

liquids and pads)
5%
3%
2%
2%
Sodium Olivate
4-18%
*Ingredients included in the title of the table, but not found in the table were included in the survey, but no uses were reported
The following ingredients will be included in a later concentration of use survey: Hydrogenated Safflower Oil, Potassium
Safflowerate, Safflower Acid, Sodium Safflowerate, Elaeis Guineensis (Palm)Oil, Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Kernel Oil,
Hydrogenated Palm Oil, Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Oil, Palm Kernel Acid, Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Butter, Elaeis Oleifera
Kernel Oil, Elaies (Palm) Oil, Palm Acid, Hydrogenated Palm Acid, Potassium Palmate, Potassium Hydrogentaed Pamlate,
Potassium Hydrogenated Palmate, Potassium Palm Kernelate, Sodium Hydrogenated Palmate, Sodium Palmate, Sodium Palm
Kernelate, Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil, Cottonseed Acid, Hydrogenated Cottonseed Oil, Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran
Oil, Oryza Sativa (Rice) Germ Oil, Rice Bran Acid, Hydrogenated Rice Bran Oil, Oryza Sativa (Rice) Seed Oil, Sesamum
Indicum (Sesame) Seed Butter
Page 9 of 9
Concentration of Use Minor Plant Seed Oils Mach 2010 Survey

Actinidia Chinensis (Kiwi) Seed Oil, Adansonia Digitata Oil, Adansonia Digitata Seed Oil, Hydrogenated Adansonia
Digitata Seed Oil, Amaranthus Hypochondriacus Seed Oil, Arctium Lappa Seed Oil, Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil,
Hydrogenated Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil, Astrocarym Murumuru Seed Butter, Sodium Astrocaryum Murumuruate,
Avena Sativa (Oat) Kernel Oil, Borago Officinalis Seed Oil, Brassica Oleracea Italica (Broccoli) Seed Oil, Camelina Sativa
Seed Oil, Hydrogenated Camelina Sativa Seed Oil, Camellia Oleifera Seed Oil, Hydrogenated Camellia Oleifera Seed Oil,
Camellia Sinensis Seed Oil, Carica Papaya Seed Oil, Caryocar Brasiliense Fruit Oil, Chenopodium Quinoa Seed Oil,
Citrullus Lanatus (Watermelon) Seed Oil, Citrus Aurantifolia (Lime) Seed Oil, Hydrogenated Lime Seed Oil,
Hydrogenated Lime Seed Oil Unsaponifiables, Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Seed Oil, Citrus Aurantium Dulcis
(Orange) Seed Oil Unsaponifiables, Hydrogenated Orange Seed Oil, Hydrogenated Orange Seed Oil Unsaponifiables,
Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Seed Oil, Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Seed Oil Unsaponifiables, Citrus Paradisi (Grapefruit)
Seed Oil, Hydrogenated Grapefruit Seed Oil, Hydrogenated Grapefruit Seed Oil Unsaponifiables, Citrus Limon (Lemon)
Seed Oil, Coix Lacryma-Jobi (Jobs Tears) Seed Oil, Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Seed Oil, Cucurbita Fepo (Pumpkin)
Seed Oil, Hydrogenated Pumpkin Seed Oil, Cynara Cardunculus Seed Oil, Euterpe Oleracea Fruit Oil, Fragaria Ananassa
(Strawberry) Seed Oil, Fragaria Chiloensis (Strawberry) Seed Oil, Fragaria Vesca (Strawberry) Seed Oil, Fragaria
Virginiana (Strawberry) Seed Oil, Guizotia Abyssinica Seed Oil, Irvingia Gabonensis Kernel Butter, Limnanthes Alba
(Meadowfoam) Seed Oil, Hydrogenated Meadowfoam Seed Oil, Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Oil, Linseed Acid,
Mangifera Indica (Mango) Seed Oil, Mangifera Indica (Mango) Seed Butter, Sodium Mangoseedate, Moringa Oleifera
Seed Oil, Moringa Pterygosperma Seed Oil, Oenothera Biennis (Evening Primrose) Oil, Hydrogenated Evening Primrose
Oil, Orbignya Oleifera Seed Oil, Babassu Acid, Potassium Babassuate, Sodium Babassuate, Perilla Ocymoides Seed Oil,
Prunus Armeniaca (Apricot) Kernel Oil, Hydrogenated Apricot Kernel Oil, Hydrogenated Apricot Kernel Oil
Unsaponifiables, Prunus Armeniaca (Apricot) Kernel Oil Unsaponifiables, Prunus Avium (Sweet Cherry) Seed Oil,
Prunus Domestica Seed Oil, Prunus Persica (Peach) Kernel Oil, Hydrogenated Peach Kernel Oil, Pyrus Malus (Apple)
Seed Oil, Ribes Nigrum (Black Currant) Seed Oil, Hydrogenated Black Currant Seed Oil, Ribes Rubrum (Currant) Seed
Oil, Rubus Idaeus (Raspberry) Seed Oil, Hydrogenated Raspberry Seed Oil, Sclerocarya Birrea Seed Oil, Silybum
Marianum Seed Oil, Solanum Lycopersicum (Tomato) Seed Oil, Solanum Lycopersicum (Tomato) Fruit Oil, Theobroma
Cacao (Cocoa) Seed Butter, Sodium Cocoa Butterate, Theobroma Grandiflorum Seed Butter, Sodium Theobromoa
Grandiflorum Seedate, Torreya Nucifera Seed Oil, Vaccinum Macrocarpon (Cranberry) Seed Oil, Hydrogenated
Cranberry Seed Oil, Vitis Vinifera (Grape) Seed Oil, Sodium Grapeseedate, Hydrogenated Grapeseed Oil*
Ingredient
Product Category
Concentration
of Use
Hair conditioners
0.1%
0.1%
Adansonia Digitata Oil
Lipstick
0.01%
0.05%
Eyebrow pencil
0.1%
Eyeliner
0.1%
Eye shadow
0.2%
Eye lotion
1%
Mascara
0.1%
Hair conditioners
1%
0.0 1%
Argania Spiriosa Kernel Oil
0.1%
Hair dyes and colors (all types requiring caution statement

and patch test)
0.1%
Page 1 of 15
0.07%
Argariia Spinosa Kernel Oil
0.1%
Lipstick
0.1-1%
0.001-0.1%
0.00 1-2%
0.001%
0.5%
Aftershave lotions
0.005%
Skin cleansing (cold creams, cleansing lotions, liquids and

pads)
0.002%
0.5-3%
4-10%
0.04%
0.04-0.1%
2-3%
Astrocaryum Murumuru Seed Butter
Eyeliner
0.06%
Astrocaryum Murumum Seed Butter
Eye shadow
0.2%
Eye lotion
0.5%
Hair conditioners
0.00 1-0.2%
0.09%
0.2%
Foundations
1%
Lipstick
1-7%
0.001%
1%
0.1-0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.2%
0.002%
Other shaving preparations products
0.005%

pads)
0.002%
Page2of 15
Avena Sative (Oat) Kernel Oil
0.1%
Other baby products
0.1%
Eye lotion
0.2%
0.1%
Lipstick
2%
0.01-0.1%
0.5%
Body and hand crams, lotions, and powders
0.1-3%
0.1%
0.1-0.5%
Eye lotion
0.001-0.5%
0.1%
Lipstick
0.0 1%
0.00 1%
0.01%
0.04%
0.5%

pads)
0.1%
1%
0.05-1%
Body and hand sprays
0.1%
1%
0.5%
0.5%
0.5%
Brassica Oleracea Italica (Broccoli) Seed

Oil
Hair conditioners
0.5%

Oil
0.00 1%

Oil
3%
Eye lotion
0.05%
Hair conditioners
1%
Page 3 of 15
Lipstick
0.05-0.5%
Skin Cleansing (cold creams, cleansing lotions, liquids

and pads)
0.002%
0.05-1%
0.1-0.9%
0.04%
0.04%
0.05%
Eye lotions
2%
2%
1%
Lipstick
3%
0.01-0.1%

and pads)
0.003%
0.0 1-1%
0.08%
0.08%
0.01%
0.1%
Lipstick
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
Caryocar Brasilinese Fruit Oil
Lipstick
0.2%
Caryocar Brasilinese Fruit Oil

and pads)
0.0005%
Chenopodium Quinoa Seed Oil
Hair rinses (coloring)
0.3%
Citrullus Lanatus (Watermelon) Seed Oil
2%
Page4of 15
Hair conditioners
0.1%
0.1%
Dentifrices (aerosol, liquid, pastes and powders)
0.1%
Mouthwashes and breath fresheners (liquids and sprays)
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
Cucurbita Pepo (Pumpkin) Seed Oil
Eye lotion
0.003%
0.1%
0.1%
0.05%
Eye lotion
0.5%
Lipstick
0.002%

pads)
0.00001%
0.001%
Irvingia Gabonensis Kernel Butter
Lipstick
0.003-0.3%
0.2-0.4%
0.03%
Limnanthes Alba (Meadowfoam) Seed Oil
0.9%
Bubble baths
0.5%
Eyeliner
6-20%
Eye lotion
0.1-0.4%
3%
Hair conditioners
0.1-1%
0.5%
Lirnnanthes Alba (Meadowfoam) Seed Oil

and patch test)
0.2-2%
Lininanthes Alba (Meadowfoam) Seed Oil
Foundations
0.01-5%
Lipstick
0.6-26%
Lirnnanthes Alba (Meadowfoam) Seed Oil
Cuticle softeners
0.5%
0.01%
PageS of 15
Linmarithes Alba (Meadowfoam) Seed Oil
0.6%
Linmanthes Alba (Meadowfoam) Seed Oil
0.05%

pads)
0.002%
Depilatories
2%
0.08-72%
0.005-27%
0.1%
0.04- 74%
0.04-3%
Limnanthes Alba(Meadowfoam) Seed Oil
0.1-1%
0.02%
Bubble baths
0.2%
Eye lotion
0.01%
Mascara
10%
Hair conditioners
0.00 1-0.01%
0.00 1-0.1%
Tonics, dressings, and other hair
0.01%
Lipstick
0.0 1%
Cuticle softeners
0.05%
0.002%
0.003-0.4%
0.05-0.1%
Aftershave lotions
4%

pads)
0.01-1%
0.0 1-0.5%
0.1-0.2%
0.01-0.1%
0.1%
Eyeliner
5%
Hair conditioners
0.2%
Hair straighteners
0.05%
Page6of 15
0.1%
0.01%

and patch test)
0.05%
Lipstick
0.03-6%
0.1%

pads)
0.003-0.5%
0.2-3%
0.1-0.9%
0.08%
0.08%
1%
0.1%
Eye shadow
0.02%
0.02%
0.1-0.5%
0.5%
0.02%
Face powders
0.02%
Foundations
0.02-5%
Lipstick
1-5%
Makeup bases
0.0 1%
Cuticle softeners
0.5%
0.0005-0.1%
0.5%
0.1%
Depilatories
0.05%
1-3%
0.1-3%
0.1%
0.1%
0.04-2%
Page7of 15
Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil

pads)
0.0 1%
Eye lotion
3%
0.02%
0.003%
0.004%
Bubble baths
0.2%
Eye lotion
0.00002-0.5%
Eye makeup remover
0.002%
OenotheraBiennis (Evening Primrose) Oil
0.05-0.1%
0.1%
0.08%
Foundations
58%
Lipstick
0.1-15%
Cuticle softeners
3%
0.00 1-0.3%
0.00 1%
0.1-0.2%
0.2%

pads)
0.001-0.5%
0.08-2%
0.1-2%
0.04-0.1%
0.008-3%
0.1%
0.002-0.1%
0.003%
0.5%
Bath capsules
0.1%
0.0 1%
Eye shadow
0.5-0.6%
Hair conditioners
0.3-2%
Page8of 15
0.02%
0.1-1%
Foundations
0.5%
Lipstick
0.001-2%
27%

pads)
0.05%
0.005-1%
2%
Orb ignya Oleifera Seed Oil
0.1%
Orb ignya Oleifera Seed Oil
0.1%
4%
0.0009%
Sodium Babassuate
8%
Prunus Armeniaca (Apricot) Kernel Oil
4%
7%
Eye shadow
0.002-2%
Eye lotion
0.2-9%
Eye makeup remover
18%
Mascara
0.002-0.05%
Powders (dusting and talcum) (excluding aftershave)
0.1%
0.02-1%
Hair conditioners
0.003-89%
0.0009%
Hair straighteners
0.0001%
0.05%
0.1-0.5%
0.00 1-0.1%

and patch test)
0.1%
0.2%
Face powders
0.1-0.6%
Foundations
0.1-1%
Page9of 15
Leg and body paints
0.001%
Lipstick
0.00 1-5%
0.2%
0.05%
Cuticle softeners
0.05-5%
2-40%
0.05%
0.002-0.01%
0.1-9%
0.003-0.1%
0.0 1-0.5%
Aftershave lotions
0.5%
0.1%

pads)
0.00 1-3%
Depilatories
0.00001-2%
0.05-17%
0.03-12%
0.1-3%
0.1-8%
2%
Skin fresheners
0.01%
0.0001-0.5%
0.0 1-0.05%
0.01-1%
0.0005%
Prunus Avium (Sweet) Cherry Seed Oil
0.0 1-0.02%
0.04%
Prunus Persica (Peach) Kernel Oil
0.1%
1%
2%

and patch test)
0.1%
Pninus Domestica Seed Oil
Page lOof 15
Lipstick
0.04-22%

pads)
0.003-6%
0.2-0.4%
0.8-3%
0.08%
0.08%
0.05%
Eye lotion
0.08%
Lipstick
0.03-0.1%
0.2%

pads)
0.05%
0.01%.
0.1-0.3%
0.1%
0.000001%
5%
0.1%
Hair conditioners
1%
1%
1%
1%
Silybum Marianum Seed Oil
Foundations
Solanum Lycopersicum (Tomato) Fruit

Oil
Eye shadow
0.0 1%

Oil
0.0 1%

Oil
Face powders
0.05%

Oil
Lipstick
0.00 1%

Oil
1%
Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Seed Butter
0.0 1%
Page 11 of 15
0.5%
Other baby products
0.0 1%
0.1%
1%
Eyebrow pencil
0.02%
Eyeliner
0.02-9%
Eye lotion
0.9-4%
Mascara
0.0002%
Hair conditioners
1%
Hair straighteners
0.01%
0.0 1-0.1%
0.1-2%

and patch test)
0.1%
0.4%
Foundations
0.2-2%
Lipstick
0.3-37%
Makeup bases
0.02%
Makeup fixatives
0.00004%
9%
Cuticle softeners
0.1%
1%
0.02-2%
0.00 1-1%
0.1%
Aftershave lotions
1%
Shaving (aerosol, brushless and lather)
0.0 1-0.1%

pads)
0.0001-1%
Depilatories
0.05-1%
0.08-3%
0.000002-6%
0.4%
2%
Page l2of 15
Night creams, lotions asd powders
2%
0.1-25%
5%
0.1-0.5%
0.5%
Theobroma Grandiflorum Seed Butter
Eyeliner
2%
Eye shadow
0.1%
Eye lotion
2%
Hair conditioners
0.001-1%
0.001-0.1%
0.01%
1%
Foundations
5%
Lipstick
7%
0.1%
0.1%
0.05%
Aftershave lotions
0. t %
0.1%

pads)
0.003%
2-5%
0.1-5%
0.1%
0.1-3%
0.00005%
Vaccinium Macrocarpon (Cranberry) Seed

Oil
Hair conditioners
0.1%

Oil
0.0 1%

Oil
0.1%

Oil
Foundations
0.1%
Page 13 of 15

Oil
Lipstick
0.3%

Oil
0.002%

Oil
0.003-0.1%

Oil
2%

Oil
0.1%

Oil
0.1%

Oil
0.1%
0.1-0.5%
Bubble baths
2%
0.01%
Eye lotion
5%
Eye makeup remover
0.01%
Perfumes
1%
0.00 1-7%
Hair conditioners
0.01-0.3%
0.05-0.1%
0.01-0.1%

and patch test)
43%
Foundations
0.2%
Lipstick
0.03-7%
Cuticle softeners
35%
1%
0.00 1%
0.0 1-7%
0.00 1-0.2%
0.001-1%
Aftershave lotions
0.1-1%
Page l4of 15
16-39%
2%
0.1%

pads)
0.004-20%
Depilatories
0.5%
0.1-8%
0.0141%
1%
0.0 1-5%
0.0 1-5%
0.01%
0.01-13%
0.00 1%
15%
0.5%
Lipstick
0.5%
Cuticle softeners
0.3%
Ingredients included in the title of the table, out not found in the table were included in the survey, but no uses were reported
The following ingredients will be included in a later concentration of use survey: Camellia Japonica Seed Oil, Citrus Aurantifolia
(Lime) Seed Oil Unsaponifiables, Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil, Hydrogenated Avocado Oil, Persea Gratissima (Avocado)
Butter, Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil Unsaponifiables, Sodium Avocadoate, Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Oil,
Hydrogenated Wheat Germ Oil, Hydrogenated Wheat Germ Oil Unsaponifiables, Triticum Aestivum (Wheat) Germ Oil, Triticum
Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Oil Unsaponifiables and Wheat Germ Acid.
Page 15 of 15
Personal Care
Products Council
ua if y nnovaf ion
Memorandum
TO:

Director COSMETIC INGREDIENT REVIEW (CIR)
-
FROM:
John Bailey, Ph.D.

Industry Liaison to the CIR Expert Panel
DATE:
July 12, 2010
SUBJECT: Concentration of Use Plant Oils May 2010 Use Survey
Concentration of Use by FDA Product Category

Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil, Cottonseed Acid, Hydrogenated Cottonseed Oil, Elaeis Guinennsis
(Palm) Oil, Elaeis Guinennsis (Palm) Kernel Oil, Hydrogenated Palm Oil, Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Oil,
Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Butter, Elaeis Oleifera Kernel Oil, Elaeis (Palm) Oil, Hydrogenated Palm Acid,
Palm Acid, Palm Kernel Acid, Potassium Palmate, Potassium Hydrogenated Palmate, Potassium Palm
Kernelate, Sodium Hydrogenated Palmate, Sodium Palmate, Sodium Palm Kernelate, Hydrogenated
Safflower Seed Oil, Potassium Safflowerate, Safflower Acid, Sodium Safflowerate, Sesamum Indicum
(Sesame) Seed Butter, Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil, Hydrogenated Avocado Oil, Persea Gratissima
(Avocado) Butter, Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil Unsaponifiables, Sodium Avocadoate, Oryza Sativa
(Rice) Bran Oil, Oryza Sativa (Rice) Germ Oil, Rice Bran Acid, Hydrogenated Rice Bran Oil, Oryza Sativa
(Rice) Seed Oil, Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Oil, Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Oil Unsaponifiables,
Hydrogenated Wheat Germ Oil, Hydrogenated Wheat Germ Oil Unsaponifiables, Triticum Aestivum
(Wheat) Germ Oil, Wheat Germ Acid, Camellia Japonica Seed Oil, Citrus Aurantifolia (Lime) Seed Oil
Unsaponifiables
Ingredient
Product Category
Concentration of
Use
Gossypium Herbaceum (Cottonseed) Oil
Eyeliner
0.1-11%
Eye shadow
0.1%
Eye lotion
0.5%
Foundations
0.5%
Lipstick
0.2-1%
30-32%
0.5%
0.1%
0.2%
0.004-0.01%
29%
Shaving creams (aerosol, brushless and

lather)
1%
Skin cleansing (cold creams, cleansing

lotions, liquids and pads)
0.5%
0.5%
0.3-2%
0.2%
0.08%
0.08-2%
Page 1 of 9
5%
Eyebrow pencil
1 1-24%
Eyeliner
8-15%
Mascara
0.5%
Other eye makeup preparations
8%
Hair conditioners
0.0 1%
0.01%
Tonics, dressings and other hair grooming

aids
0.1%
Foundations
5%
Lipstick
8-12%
0.002-1 1%
0.005-5%
0.00 1%
Eye lotion
0.04-2%
Hair conditioners
2%

aids
13%
34%
Foundations
5%
Lipstick
2%
48%
0.002%
Aftershave lotions
0.5%

0.002-8%
0.008-4%
4-6%
0.4-3%
3-4%
4-5%
Page 2 of 9
0.9-2%
Eye lotion
0.8%
0.9-23%
3%
0.05%
Shaving cream (aerosol, brushless and

lather)
0.05%
0.8%
2%
Eyebrow pencil
3-5%
Eyeliner
2-30%
Eye lotion
0.9%
Mascara
0.2%
1%
Face powders
0.4%
Foundations
8%
Lipstick
2-30%
Makeup bases
1%
Makeup fixatives
0.5%
25%
2%
2%
10%
3%
2%
3%
1%
Eyebrow pencil
2%
Eyeliner
7-10%
Foundations
0.4%
Page 3 of 9
Lipstick
3-13%
0.9-2%
1-5%
0.6-3%
2%
3%
0.6-1%
0.6%
Palm Acid
1-4%
Palm Acid

17%
Palm Kernel Acid
0.2-3%
Palm Kernel Acid

lotions, liquids
12%
0.3-3%
0.3-30%
Sodium Palmate
3-68%
Sodium Palmate
Shaving soap (cakes, sticks, etc.)
63%
Sodium Palmate

28%
16-44%
Shaving soaps (cakes, sticks, etc.)
15%

12%
0.6-6%
Eyeliner
0.1-1%
Eye shadow
0.1%
Eye lotion
0.05-2%
Eye makeup remover
2%
Mascara
0.2%
Perfumes
8%
Potassium Palmate
I
I
Page 4 of 9
Powders (dusting and talcum)
02%
1%
Hair conditioners
0.0001-15%
0.05%
0.01-1%

aids
41%

caution Statement and patch test)
0.3%
0.3%
0.2-0.5%
Face powders
0.1-0.3%
Foundations
0.0 1-3%
Lipstick
0.05-26%
Makeup bases
2%
0.1%
Cuticle softeners
18-19%
2-5%
0.00 1%
34%
0.02-0.5%
0.1%
1-3%
Aftershave lotions
0.5%
0.00 1%
Shaving cream (aerosol. brushless and

lather)
0.05%
0.8-2%

0.003-3%
Depilatories
0. 1%
Page 5 of 9
0.01-98%
0.01-6%
0.0 1%
0.1-2%
0.02-1%
0.3-2%
0.1-31%
0.02-2%
0.0005-0.5%
0.5%

Unsaponifiables
Eye shadow
0.5%

Unsaponifiables

aids
6%

Unsaponifiables
Lipstick
3%

Unsaponifiables

lotions liquids and pads)
0.2%
0.2%
Eyeliner
0.8%
Eye shadow
0.5%
Eye lotion
0.5-0.6%
Hair conditioners
0.2-0.3%
0.1%
0.005-0.3%

aids
0.02-0.5%
0.3%
0.3%
Face powders
0.3%
Foundations
0.1-1%
Lipstick
0.1-8%
Page 6 of 9
Makeup bases
0.4%
3-78%
0.02%
0.1%
Bath soap and detergents
1%
0.5%
0.0006-6%
Aftershave lotions
0.5%
1%

0.2-0.6%
Depilatories
0.5%
0.1-27%
0.5-5%
0.0003%
8%
4-5%
0.5-27%
3%
Bubble baths
0.03%
Eyebrow pencil
0.1%
Eyeliner
0.1%
Eye shadow
0.01%
Eye makeup remover
0.01-0.1%
Mascara
0.1-1%
0.1%
Face powders
0.01%
Foundations
0.1%
Lipstick
0.1-3%
Makeup bases
0.1%
Page 7 of 9
0.5%
0.003%
0.003-0.005%

0.003-0.01%
0.2-3%
0.02-2%
0.01-0.1%
0.08%
0.0 1%
0.1%
0.01%
0.5%
Eye shadow
0.02%
Eye lotion
0.1-0.5%
Eye makeup remover
0.01%
Mascara
0.05-0.1%
Hair conditioners
0.00 1-0.5%
0.0001-00005%
0.00 1-0.5%

aids
0.00 1-0.5%
0.1%

0.0 1-0.2%
Face powders
0.1%
Foundations
0.00 1-2%
Lipstick
0.3-5%
Makeup bases
0.1%
Cuticle softeners
1%
3%
Page 8 of 9
0.1-28%
0.0 1-0.5%
0.2%

0.0 1-2%
Depilatories
0.6%
0.001-20%
0.3-1%
0.5%
0.08-0.5%
2%
0.1-23%
0.04%
0.0005%

Unsaponifiables
0.2%
Triticum Aestivm (Wheat) Germ Oil
Hair conditioners
<1%
Hair straighteners
<1%
<1%
Eye shadow
0.01%
0.1%
0.01%
Lipstick
0.1%
0.0 1%
0.1%

0.2%
*Ingredients included in the title of the table but not found in the table were included in the concentration of use
survey, but no uses were reported.
Table prepared July 12, 2010
Page 9 of 9
Persona Care
Products Council
Memorandum
TO:

-
FROM:
CIR Science and Support Committee
DATE:
July2l,2010
SUBJECT:
Concentration of Use Plant Oils Updated May 2010 Survey
1101 17th Street, N.W., Suite 300 Washington, D.C. 20036-4702
202.331.1770
202.331.1969 (fax)
www.personalcarecouncil.org
Concentration of Use by FDA Product Category

Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil, Cottonseed Acid, Hydrogenated Cottonseed Oil, Elaeis Guinennsis
(Palm) Oil, Elaeis Guinennsis (Palm) Kernel Oil, Hydrogenated Palm Oil, Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Oil,
Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Butter, Elaeis Oleifera Kernel Oil, Elaeis (Palm) Oil, Hydrogenated Palm Acid,
Palm Acid, Palm Kernel Acid, Potassium Palmate, Potassium Hydrogenated Palmate, Potassium Palm
Kernelate, Sodium Hydrogenated Palmate, Sodium Palmate, Sodium Palm Kernelate, Hydrogenated
Safflower Seed Oil, Potassium Safflowerate, Safflower Acid, Sodium Safflowerate, Sesamum Indicum
(Sesame) Seed Butter, Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil, Hydrogenated Avocado Oil, Persea Gratissima
(Avocado) Butter, Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil Unsaponifiables, Sodium Avocadoate, Oryza Sativa
(Rice) Bran Oil, Oryza Sativa (Rice) Germ Oil, Rice Bran Acid, Hydrogenated Rice Bran Oil, Oryza Sativa
(Rice) Seed Oil, Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Oil, Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Oil Unsaponiflables,
Hydrogenated Wheat Germ Oil, Hydrogenated Wheat Germ Oil Unsaponiflables, Triticum Aestivum
(Wheat) Germ Oil, Wheat Germ Acid, Camellia Japonica Seed Oil, Citrus Aurantifolia (Lime) Seed Oil
Unsaponifiables
Ingredient
Product Category
Concentration of
Use
Eyeliner
0.1-11%
Eye shadow
0.1%
Eye lotion
0.5%
Foundations
0.5%
Lipstick
0.2-1%
30-32%
0.5%
0.1%
0.2%
0.004-0.01%
29%
Shaving creams (aerosol, brushless and

lather)
1%

0.5%
0.5%
0.3-2%
0.2%
0.08%
0.08-2%
Page 1 of 9
5%
Eyebrow pencil
11-24%
Eyeliner
8-15%
Mascara
0.5%
Other eye makeup preparations
8%
Hair conditioners
0.01%
0.01%

aids
0.1%
Foundations
5%
Lipstick
8-12%
0.002-11%
0.005-5%
0.00 1%
Eye lotion
0.04-2%
Hair conditioners
2%

aids
13%
34%
Foundations
5%
Lipstick
2%
48%
0.002%
Aftershave lotions
0.5%

0.002-8%
0.008-4%
4-6%
0.4-3%
3-4%
4-5%
Page 2 of 9
0.9-2%
Eye lotion
0.8%
0.9-23%
3%
0.05%

lather)
0.05%
0.8%
2%
Eyebrow pencil
3-5%
Eyeliner
2-30%
Eye lotion
0.9%
Mascara
0.2%
1%
Face powders
0.4%
Foundations
8%
Lipstick
2-30%
Makeup bases
1%
Makeup fixatives
0.5%
25%
2%
2%
10%
3%
2%
3%
1%
Eyebrow pencil
2%
Eyeliner
7-10%
Foundations
0.4%
Page 3 of 9
Lipstick
3-13%
0.9-2%
1-5%
0.6-3%
2%
3%
0.6-1%
0.6%
Palm Acid
1-4%
Palm Acid

17%
Palm Kernel Acid
0.2-3%
Palm Kernel Acid

lotions, liquids
12%
Potassium Palmate
0.3-3%
0.3-30%
Sodium Palmate
3-68%
Sodium Palmate
Shaving soap (cakes, sticks, etc.)
63%
Sodium Palmate

28%
16-44%
Shaving soaps (cakes, sticks, etc.)
15%

12%
0.6-6%
Eyeliner
0.1-1%
Eye shadow
0.1%
Eye lotion
0.05-2%
Eye makeup remover
2%
Mascara
0.2%
Perfumes
8%
Page 4 of 9
Powders (dusting and talcum)
0.2%
1%
Hair conditioners
0.0001-15%
0.05%
0.01-1%

aids
41%

0.3%
0.3%
0.2-0.5%
Face powders
0.1-0.3%
Foundations
0.01-3%
Lipstick
0.05-26%
Makeup bases
2%
0.1%
Cuticle softeners
18-19%
2-5%
0.00 1%
34%
0.02-0.5%
0.1%
1-3%
Aftershave lotions
0.5%
0.00 1%

lather)
0.05%
0.8-2%

0.003-3%
Depilatories
0.1%
Page 5 of 9
0.01-98%
0.01-6%
0.0 1%
0.1-2%
0.02-1%
0.3-2%
0.1-31%
0.02-2%
0.0005-0.5%
0.5%

Unsaponifiables
Eye shadow
0.5%

Unsaponifiables

aids
6%

Unsaponifiables
Lipstick
3%

Unsaponifiables

0.2%
0.2%
Eyeliner
0.8%
Eye shadow
0.5%
Eye lotion
0.5-0.6%
Hair conditioners
0.2-0.3%
0.1%
0.005-0.3%

aids
0.02-0.5%
0.3%
0.3%
Face powders
0.3%
Foundations
0.1-1%
Lipstick
0.1-8%
Page 6 of 9
Makeup bases
0.4%
3-78%
0.02%
0.1%
Bath soap and detergents
1%
0.5%
0.0006-6%
Aftershave lotions
0.5%
1%

0.2-0.6%
Depilatories
0.5%
0.1-27%
0.5-5%
0.0003%
8%
4-5%
0.5-27%
3%
Bubble baths
0.03%
Eyebrow pencil
0.1%
Eyeliner
0.1%
Eye shadow
0.0 1%
Eye makeup remover
0.01-0.1%
Mascara
0.1-1%
0.1%
Face powders
0.0 1%
Foundations
0.1%
Lipstick
0.1-3%
Makeup bases
0.1%
Page 7 of 9
05%
Oryza Saliva (Rice) Germ Oil
0.003%
0.003-0.005%

0.003-0.01%
0.2-3%
0.02-2%
0.01-0.1%
0.08%
Oryza Saliva (Rice) Germ Oil
0.01%
0.1%
0.01%
0.5%
Eye shadow
0.02%
Eye lotion
0.1-0.5%
Eye makeup remover
0.0 1%
Mascara
0.05-0.1%
Hair conditioners
0.00 1-0.5%
0.0001-00005%
Hair straighteners
<1%
0.00 1-0.5%

aids
0.00 1-0.5%
0.1%

0.0 1-0.2%
Face powders
0.1%
Foundations
0.001-2%
Lipstick
0.3-5%
Makeup bases
0.1%
Cuticle softeners
1%
Page 8 of 9
3%
0.1-28%
0.01-0.5%
0.2%

0.0 1-2%
Depilatories
0.6%
0.00 1-20%
0.3-1%
0.5-1%
0.08-0.5%
2%
0.1-23%
0.04%
0.0005%

Unsaponifiables
0.2%
Eye shadow
0.0 1%
0.1%
0.01%
Lipstick
0.1%
0.0 1%
0.1%

0.2%
*Ingredients included in the title of the table but not found in the table were included in the concentration of use
survey, but no uses were reported.
Table prepared July 12, 2010
Updated July 21, 2010 (Triticum Aestivum removed)
Page 9 of 9
Personal Care
Products Council
Memorandum
TO:

Director COSMETIC INGREDiENT REVIEW (Cifi)
-
FROM:
Plant Oil Subcommittee of the Cifi Science and Support Committee
DATE:
May 11, 2010
SUBJECT:
Comments on the Scientific Literature Review on Vegetable Oil and Related Edible
Oils and Derivatives as Used in Cosmetics
A Subcommittee of the CW Science and Support Committee (CIR SSC) reviewed the Scientific
Literature Review (SLR) on Vegetable Oil and Related Edible Oils and Derivatives as Used in
Cosmetics. The subcommittee is concerned that the SLR contains incorrect information about
the chemistry of plant oils, and that the composition information on the oils is still very
incomplete. The subcommittee recommends that the Vegetable Oil and Related Edible Oils
and Derivatives report be revised based on these comments before the CW Expert Panel is
given the opportunity to review the report. This delay will also allow industry to work on
identifying additional dermal safety data on the ingredients in the report before the report is
provided to the Cifi Expert Panel
In the introduction, please provide a rational as to why the ingredients listed in Table 1 are included in
the report. Please consider including only triglyceride oils (oils, butters and hydrogenated oils)
in this report, removing the fatty acids, salts of fatty acids and unsaponifiables. If the
unsaponifiable ingredients are left in the report, please provide a rational as to why it is
appropriate to include these ingredients in the report, as they generally are neither triglycerides
nor fatty acids.
Dictionary
The
has misclassified at least three of the ingredients listed in Table 1. Angelica
Archangelica Seed Oil, Apium Graveolens (Celery) Seed Oil, and Daucus Carota Sativa
(Carrot) Seed Oil are all essential oils rather than in the chemical class fats and oils. The
chemical class for these ingredients listed in the Dictionary has now been changed to essential
oil. These three ingredients need to be removed from the report. Food Chemical Codex says
these ingredients are obtained by steam distillation. This is how essential oils are obtained, not
triglyceride oils.
Please consider moving Sclerocarya Birrea Seed Oil, Mangifera Indica (Mango) Seed Oil and
Mangifera Indica (Mango) Seed Butter to the nut oil report. These two species are in the family
Anacardiaceae, along with other nuts such as cashews and pistachios.
If composition information on an oil cannot be identified in either published or unpublished reports,
please consider removing the oil from the report.
202.331.1770
202.331.1969 (fax)
Title The title of the report should be changed. Edible is not an appropriate descriptor for all of these
oils. Vegetable oils may be a better term to describe them. If the fatty acids and
unsaponifiables are left in the report these classes of ingredients should be specifically
mentioned in the title.
p.1 Although common names may be easier, the full INCI names including genus species name
should be used to avoid confusion (see blackberry seed oil example below).
p.1 If the fatty acids are left in the report, it should be made clear that acid refers to fatty acid.
p.1 It is not correct to state the oils are mixtures of fatty acids. The oils are mixtures of glyceryl
esters of fatty acids.
p.1, 14, Table 2 It should also be noted that the glyceryl triesters have been reviewed by Cifi and
found safe as used (report published in 2001).
p.1 The Chemistry section needs to be rewritten. These oils are not a varying assortment of fatty
acids. As indicated in the fats and oils chemical class definition in the Dictionary, Fats and
Oils, as a group, are the glyceryl esters of Fatty Acids (triglycerides) a general structure as
shown in the Dictionary definition of the fats and oils chemical class would also be helpful.
The Chemistry section should note how the hydrogenated oil differs from the oil
(hydrogenation reduces or eliminates unsaturation) and define butter (solid triglyceride
without any modification). If the fatty acid and unsaponifiable ingredients are left in the
report, these terms should also be defined. The Dictionary says unsaponifiables refers to lipid
components of natural Fats and Oils which are not hydrolyzed and remain soluble in lipid
solvents after alkaline hydrolysis. More information about oil chemistry basics can be found
in AAK AarhusKarlshamn Handbook Vegetable Fats and Oils at
http://www.annaochanna.se/pdf/Vegetabilisk%20Handbok.pdf (this is large file that may take a
long time to open).
p.1, 15-18, Table 3 Please provide a reason as to why fatty acid composition for some oils are
included in Table 3 but others are not included. For example the fatty acid composition of
Oenothera Biennis (Evening Primrose) Oil is readily available on the internet, e.g.,
http://www.vitaplant.ch/plant-oils.pdf and is also found in the PDR for Herbal Medicines (a
copy can be found in CJEs office). Why is the composition of Oenothera Biennis (Evening
Primrose) Oil missing from Table 3? If it has not been done already, please search the
AGRICOLA AGRICultural On Line Access http://www.nal.usda.gov/ag98/ database which
may have additional information about composition of the plant oils included in this report.
Were there criteria for the types of references that were included for composition information
compared to the types of references that were not included? If only specific references were
considered acceptable, the acceptance criteria should be stated.
p.1 It should be noted that Table 4 includes Food Chemical Codex specifications for oils where
available.
p.1 Please be consistent when talking about vitamin E. In the last paragraph, both vitamin E and
tocopherol are used.
p.2 As nut oils are not included in this report, nut should be removed from the first paragraph of the
Processing section.
-
Page 2 of 5
p.2, 22-28, Table 5 The members of the Cifi Expert Panel are accustomed to seeing the cosmetic use
information by FDA product category. It would be helpful if the CIR Expert Panel members
were provided with an explanation about which FDA categories fit in each of the categories
presented in Table 5. For example, From the categories provided in Table 5, it is not clear
which category includes the FDA bath product categories. Bath products are highly diluted
before use. Including them with rinse-off products would be misleading, as the concentrations
of some ingredients in bath products may be higher than in rinse-off products, although actual
exposure concentrations will be lower. As FDA uses the term baby please continue to use
baby rather than infant the use of infant suggests you mean something different than
what is meant by the FDA product category terms. Use information as provided in Table 5 is
not sufficient to complete as risk assessment. A specific product category is needed to estimate
exposure.
p.3 In the second paragraph of this page, please change particle diameters to aerodynamic
diameters or da as used in the previous paragraph.
p.3 Please add the concentrations of Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil that were practically non- to
minimally irritating to rabbit skin. What concentration was non-allergenic in a maximization
study? What protocol was used for the in vitro phototoxicity study?
p.4 In the Olea Europaea (Olive) Fruit Oil section, it would be helpful to note that acetone/olive oil is
the recommended vehicle in murine local lymph node assays (see
http://iccvam.niehs.nih.gov/docs/immunotox docs/llna/LLNAProt .pdf).
p.4 What protocol was used in the guinea pig sensitization study by Grover (1962) (reference 20) (it
should be briefly mentioned each time this study is discussed)? Was the composition of the 10year old oil olive oil measured?
p.4 What concentrations of Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Oil were not irritating or sensitizing to animals?
p.4 What were the concentrations of Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Oil tested in formulations?
p.5 Please provide a reference that indicates that limonene is a main component of citrus seed oils.
Limonene is a major component of citrus essential oils (from the peel and fruit), but those oils
are not the subject of this report. If the citrus seed oils are not triglycerides they should be
removed from the report. Please see the following reference at
http://www .fshs .org/Proceedings/Password%20Protectedl 1963 %2OVol. %2076/249-253 %20(H
ENDRICKSON).pdf for information on the composition of lemon seed oil.
Hendrickson H, Kesterson. 1963. Florida lemon seed oil. Florida Agricultural Experimental
Station Journal Series No. 1726. Florida State Horticultural Society.
The following references may also be helpful in determining the composition of the citrus seed
oils.
Ranganna S, Govindarajan VS, Ramana Ky. 1983. Citrus Fruits Part II Chemistry, technology
and quality evaluation Part A. Chemistry Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 18(4): 3 13-386
Part B. Technology Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 19(1) 1-98.
p.6 What concentrations of Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Oil and Oryza Sativa (Rice) Germ Oil were
non- to minimally irritating to rabbit eyes? As two oils are mentioned, they should both be in
the subheading.
p.6 What concentration of Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Oil was not an ocular irritant?
-
Page 3 of 5
p.6-7 IARC states that glycidol is not known to occur as a natural product. IARC did not assess
glycidol fatty esters in refined vegetable oils, they assessed glycidyl stearate and glycidyl
oleate and put them in Group 3. If the Cifi Expert Panel determines that the carcinogenicity of
glycidol is important to assessing the safety of the plant oils, tL NTP study (found at
http://ntp.ni ehs.ni h. gov/ntp/htdocs/LT rpts/tr3 74.pdf) should be cited.
p.6-7 The English summary of the BdR report is at
http://www.bfr.bund.de/cm1245/initial evaluation of the assessment of levels of glycidol f
atty acid esters.pdf. They also state At the present time, the detection of glycidol fatty acid
esters in refined vegetable fats has no impact on the fundamental statements on the risk
assessment of 3-MCPD fatty acid esters which also occur in these fats.
p.7 If the conversion of glycidol to 3-chloropropanediol was presented as an artifact of the analytical
method, why is this information in the report? Please identify the crude oil discussed in the
presentation by Weisshour.
p.7 If the CIR Expert Panel believes that carcinogenicity is an issue for the oils reviewed in the report,
literature searches on carcinogenicity and each oil need to be completed and studies on the
carcinogenicity of the oils need to be added to the report.
p.7 Aflatoxins are a toxicity issue and not an allergy issue.
p.8 The paragraph concerning protein impurities in oils should be in an impurities section.
p.9 What concentrations of Olea Europea (Olive) Fruit Oil were used in the patch tests (references 4249)?
p.10, Item 3 It would helpful if CJR staff would do a more complete job of finding published
information regarding the composition of the oils proposed for inclusion in this report.
p.10 In item 4 of Information Sought, what is meant by specified concentrations?
p.10, Item 5 As the oils are triglycerides not mixtures of fatty acids, having irritation and sensitization
testing of individual fatty acids is not necessary if the fatty acids are removed from the report.
If the fatty acids are left in the report, Cifi staff should look for published information regarding
irritation and sensitization of individual fatty acids. Searching PubMed for Linolenic Acid and
sensitization the following was the first reference identified.
Kreilling R, Hollnagal HM, Hareng L, et al. 2008. Comparison of the skin sensitization
potential of unsaturated compounds as assessed by the murine local lymph node
assay (LLNA) and the guinea pig maximization test (GPMT). Food Chemical
Toxicology 46(6): 1896-1904.
p.10 Request 6 is not clear. If this review is focused only on the composition of the ingredients and
the dermal effects of the ingredients, why is any other information that pertains to the safety of
use in cosmetics necessary? Requests to industry should reflect the same criteria Cifi staff
used for identifying information in the published literature. If all types of safety information are
needed from industry, CIR staff need to go back and identify all the relevant published safety
information on these oils. Two examples (identified using the NTP website and ToxNet):
there is an NTP study on corn oil and safflower oil that is not mentioned in this report, there is a
developmental study on perilla oil not in the report (Naito et al. 1990. Shokuhin Eiseigaku
Zasshi 3 1(3): 25 1-254).
p.11 Please provide a reference for Figure 1.
-
Page 4 of 5
p.15-18, Table 3 What is meant by Araquidic?? As no oil in the table appears to contain it, it can
be deleted.
p.15-18, Table3, p.1
!, Table 4 Rather than arranging these tables in alphabetical order by common
2
9
name, these tables should be wTangecl in the same order as tha ingredients are arranged in Table
1, alphabetical order by genus species name. Arranging by genus species name will result in
species of the same genus being presented near each other so similarities among species of the
same genus will be easier to see.
p.16, Table 3, p.20, Table 4 Reference 60 is for Blackberry Seed Oil (Rubus Fruticosus (Blackberry)
Seed Oil) it is incorrectly called Black Currant Oil in Table 3. Although the company says
this is an INCI name, it has not been officially assigned and it is not in the Dictionary, nor is it
on the list of ingredients included in the report (Table 1). Therefore, the information about this
ingredient should be deleted from the report (Tables 3 and 4).
p.18, Table 3, p. 21, Table 4 As there are several species of strawberries in the Dictionary, the species
needs to be identified. Reference 69 indicates that this is Fragaria Ananassa (Strawberry) Seed
Oil.
p.19-21, Table 4 Please delete Carrot Seed Oil, Celery Seed Oil and Wild Celery Seed Oil from this
table (and from this report). As discussed above, these essential oils were incorrectly classified
as fats and oils in the Dictionary. What is the meaning of
with murumuru butter and
strawberry seed oil, and
with peach kernel oil?
p.Z2-28, Table 5 The font used for this table makes it difficult to read.
, Table 6 Please provide references for this table. As ingredients derived from the shea nut are
9
p.2
not included in this report, please delete shea from this table. It would be helpful if
information about the dietary supplement use for some of these oils, e.g,. Oenothera Biennis
(Evening Primrose) Oil, were also provided in this table. If this table is supposed to include
only non-food, non-cosmetic uses, substitute for cocoa butter in food needs to be deleted
from this table.
-
Page 5 of 5
GREEN BOOK 3
Nut Oils

AUGUST 30-31, 2010
CIR Expert Panel History with Nut Oils

June 2010 - CIR issued a Scientific Literature Review.
Memorandum
To:
CIR Expert Panel Members and Liaisons
From:
Christina L. Burnett, Scientific Writer/Analyst
Date:
July 26, 2010
Subject:
Draft Report of the Nut Oil Group
The Scientific Literature Review (SLR) for this group of edible nut oils was announced June 23, 2010. A related
SLR on an expansive group of edible plant oils was announced in April of this year, and is to be reviewed by the
Panel at this meeting as well. Both reports are taking a slightly new approach to reviewing multiple related
ingredients at one time and are including oil ingredients that have previously been reviewed by the CIR Expert
Panel, which are designated in italic print.
At the time that the SLR was announced, CIR sought the following additional information:
1.
Manufacturing information about oils used in cosmetic formulation, particularly on methods used
to remove non-fatty acid components (e.g., glycidol fatty acid esters);
2.
Cosmetic grade specifications, if such exist, for oils used in cosmetic formulations.
3.
Fatty acid composition for those oils covered in this report (where such information has not been
provided or differs from what is presented).
4.
Irritation and sensitization testing on cosmetics (finished products) containing specified

concentrations of oils covered in this report.
5.
Irritation and sensitization testing on those fatty acids present in the oils covered in this report that
have previously not been reviewed by CIR.
6.
Any other information that pertains to the safety of the use in cosmetics of the oils covered in this
report.
Data on cosmetic grade specifications and fatty acid compositions, as well as an HRIPT study on Plukenetia
Volubilis Seed Oil have been received from the Personal Care Products Council and are incorporated in this draft
report.
Please note that the new use table is being employed in this report. The raw data from which the table was created
can be found with the unpublished data.
If the data provided are sufficient for the Panel to assess the safety of these ingredients, a tentative conclusion should
be developed regarding their safety in cosmetics, along with a rationale for that conclusion. The report will then be
issued as a Tentative Safety Assessment. If additional data are needed, these should be identified and an Insufficient
Data Announcement should be issued.
For your convenience, the materials for this report can also be found at http://www.cir-safety.org/aug10.shtml.
Literature Search on Nut Oils

Ingredients
Search Date
CoconutOil
PeanutOil
SachaInchiSd
SheaOil
ChileanHzlOil
GalipSdOil
BrazilSdOil
KukuiSdOil
WalnutSdOil
PistachioSdOil
PecanSdOil
MongongoKrnlOil
MacadamiaSdOil
HazelSdOil
CashewSdOil
SwtAlmondOil
Toxline
PubMed
5/25/2010
ChemIDplus
HSDB
CAplus
NTIS
HPV
Merck USP
5/26/2010
5/26/2010
5/26/2010
5/27/2010
5/27/2010
5/27/2010
Ingredients All Searched with Chemical Composition, Dermal Toxicity, Irritation and Sensitization qualifiers
CoconutOil (Limited from Panels last review to present day) Coconut Oil; 8001-31-8; Cocos Nucifera Oil; 61788-47-4 Coconut Acid; 6893815-8; Hydrog Coco Acid; 84836-98-6; Hydrog Coco Oil; 61789-30-8; Potassium (Hydrog) Cocoate; 61789-31-9; Sodium (Hydrog) Cocoate;
Magnesium Cocoate; Cocos Nucifera Seed OR Coconut Butter
PeanutOil (Limited from Panels last review to present day) Arachis Hypogaea Oil; 8002-03-7; Peanut Oil; 68425-36-5; Hydrog Peanut Oil;
91051-35-3; Peanut Acid; Potassium OR Sodium Peanutate
SachaInchiSdOil Plukenetia Volubilis Seed Oil; Sacha Inchi Oil
SheaOil Shea Oil; 68920-03-6; 194043-92-0; Shea Butter; 225234-14-0; Shea Butter Unsap; Butyrospermum Parkii; Vitellaria paradoxa
ChileanHzlOil Gevuina Avellana Oil; Chilean Hazel Nut Oil
GalipSdOil Canarium Indicum Seed Oil; Galip Oil
BrazilSdOil Bertholletia Excelsa Seed Oil; Brazil Nut Oil
KukuiSdOil Kukui Nut Oil; 8015-80-3;Aleurites Moluccana Seed Oil; Aleurites Moluccanus Bakoly Seed Oil; Hydrogenated Kukui Nut Oil
WalnutSdOil Walnut Oil; Juglans Regia Seed Oil; 8024-09-7
PistachioSdOil Pistachio Nut Oil; Pistacia Vera Seed Oil; 90082-81-8; 129871-01-8
PecanSdOil Pecan Oil; Carya Illinoensis Seed Oil
MongongoKrnlOil Mongongo Oil; Schinziophyton Rautanenii Kernel Oil
MacadamiaSdOil Macadamia Nut Oil; Macadamia Integrifolia Seed Oil; Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil; 128497-20-1; 129811-19-4; Hydrog.
Macadamia Nut Oil; Sodium Macadamiaseedate
HazelSdOil (Limited from Panels last review to present day) Hazelnut Oil; Corylus Americana Seed Oil; Corylus Avellana Seed Oil; Hydrog
Hazelnut Oil
CashewSdOil Cashew Nut Oil; Anacardium Occidentale Seed Oil; 8007-24-7
SwtAlmondOil (Limited from Panels last review to present day) (Sweet) Almond Oil; Prunus Amygdalus (Dulcis) Oil; 8007-69-0; 90320-379; Hydrog Sweet Almond Oil (Unsapon.); Sodium Sweet Almondate
1
Report
Draft Report
Nut Oils as used in Cosmetics
August 30, 2010
The 2010 Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel members are: Chairman, Wilma F. Bergfeld, M.D., F.A.C.P.;
Donald V. Belsito, M.D.; Curtis D. Klaassen, Ph.D.; Daniel C. Liebler, Ph.D.; Ronald A Hill, Ph.D. James G.
Marks, Jr., M.D.; Ronald C. Shank, Ph.D.; Thomas J. Slaga, Ph.D.; and Paul W. Snyder, D.V.M., Ph.D. The CIR
Director is F. Alan Andersen, Ph.D. This report was prepared by Christina L. Burnett and Monice Fiume, Scientific
Analyst/Writers.
Cosmetic Ingredient Review

1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 412 " Washington, DC 20036-4702 " ph 202.331.0651 " fax 202.331.0088 "
cirinfo@cir-safety.org
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................................... 1
Chemistry ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
Processing .......................................................................................................................................................................... 2
Analytical Methods ............................................................................................................................................................ 2
Impurities ........................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Use ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
Cosmetic ............................................................................................................................................................................ 4
Non-Cosmetic .................................................................................................................................................................... 5
ANIMAL TOXICOLOGY .................................................................................................................................................................. 5
Acute Dermal Toxicity ...................................................................................................................................................... 5
Acute Subcutaneous Toxicity ............................................................................................................................................ 6
Dermal Irritation ................................................................................................................................................................ 6
Arachis Hypogaea (Peanut) Oil..................................................................................................................................... 6
Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil ....................................................................................................................................... 6
Corylus Avellana (Hazel) Seed Oil ................................................................................................................................ 6
Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Oil ............................................................................................................. 6
Dermal Sensitization .......................................................................................................................................................... 7
Arachis Hypogaea (Peanut) Oil..................................................................................................................................... 7
Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil ....................................................................................................................................... 7
Aleurites Moluccana Seed Oil ....................................................................................................................................... 8
Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil, Hydrogenated Coconut Oil, Coconut Acid .................................................................. 8
CARCINOGENICITY ......................................................................................................................................................................... 8
Anacardium Occidentale (Cashew) Seed Oil................................................................................................................. 9
CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF SAFETY .......................................................................................................................................... 9
Irritation/Sensitization/Allergenicity ................................................................................................................................. 9
Arachis Hypogaea (Peanut) Oil................................................................................................................................... 10
Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter and Unsaponifiables......................................................................................... 10
Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil and Potassium Cocoate .............................................................................................. 11
Hazel Nut Oil ............................................................................................................................................................... 12
Plukenetia Volubilis ..................................................................................................................................................... 12
Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Oil ........................................................................................................... 12
Phototoxicity/Photosensitization...................................................................................................................................... 13
Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil and Sodium Cocoate ................................................................................................... 13
Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Oil ........................................................................................................... 13
Clinical Trials/Case Studies ............................................................................................................................................. 13
Aleurites Moluccana Seed Oil ..................................................................................................................................... 13
Anacardium Occidentale (Cashew) Seed Oil............................................................................................................... 13
Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil ..................................................................................................................................... 14
Macadamia Nut Oil ..................................................................................................................................................... 14
SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 14
FIGURES AND TABLES ................................................................................................................................................................. 17
ii
INTRODUCTION
Oils derived from edible tree and ground nuts have been safely consumed by humans for millennia. While nuts
themselves may cause allergic reactions in certain individuals, the refined oils derived from the nuts generally pose no
significant safety concern following oral exposure, and their general biology is well characterized due to extensive use in
food materials. Various oils have been used on the skin since antiquity. Initially used for anointing in religious ceremonies,
oils and their components have long been used on the skin for cosmetic purposes. This safety assessment will focus solely on
the basic chemistry, manufacturing/production, uses, and irritation and sensitization data available on these oils as they are
used in cosmetic products. The full list of ingredients this report covers, which includes oils, hydrogenated oils,
unsaponifiables, acids, and simple salts, is found in Table 1. For the sake of brevity, the common name of the oil, when
available, will be used throughout this report. While a large number of oils derived from plants are included in this literature
review, there is a commonality in their structure and composition; they all are triglycerides containing various fatty acids and
fatty acid derivatives, the safety of which in cosmetics have been established.
This report includes the macadamia nut ingredients, Macadamia Integrifolia Seed Oil and Macadamia Ternifolia
Seed Oil, which are described in the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook.1 The species M.
integrifolia is currently the only species of macadamia nut that is used for oil production. The name M. ternifolia is an old
naming convention for the edible nut that is currently used to describe a non-cultivated, inedible species.2;3 Macadamia
Integrifolia Seed Oil and Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil are the same ingredient. The shea plant also has two species names,
Butyrospermum parkii and Vitellaria paradoxa. Only B. parkii (as Butyrospermum Parkii [Shea] Oil or Butter) is the current
naming convention described by the cosmetics industry.
This report includes cosmetic ingredients that have been previously reviewed by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review
Expert Panel. The ingredients, their conclusion, and published citations are found in Table 2. Previously reviewed fatty
acids and glyceryl triesters are also found in Table 2. A report on the safety of vegetable oils and related ingredients is
currently in CIRs review process.
CHEMISTRY
This group of cosmetic ingredients characterized as fats and oils are the glyceryl esters of fatty acids (triglycerides)
normally found in plant tissues, including those which have been hydrogenated to reduce or eliminate unsaturation.1 Figure 1
provides the general structure of fats and oils. In additions to triglycerides, tree nut oils are also composed of diglycerides,
monoglycerides, free fatty acids, and other minor components, including natural antioxidants and fat-soluble vitamins.4 The
extent to which these components are removed during processing varies. The available information on chemical properties
1
and chemical constituents are found in Tables 3 and 4, respectively. The available fatty acid compositions for the oils in this
report are found in Table 5. The percentage of chemical constituents in individual oil types is dependent on region where the
nut plant is grown, individual cultivars, and plant genetics.5 The nutritional content of these oils varies with oil type, also.
In a study by Lodn and Andersson, shea butter liquid contained 9% unsaponifiable lipids, mainly triterpene esters
and sterol esters with cinnamic acid (as determined by high performance liquid chromatography). 6 The unsaponifiable
fraction in this study contained 22% unsaponifiable lipids, out of which 40% consisted of triterpene and sterol esters with
cinnamic acid.
Processing
Oils used in cosmetics are probably produced using the same process used in the food industry. Depending on the
source, oil may be directly expressed from the source (seed or pulp) followed by solvent extraction. Bailey states that the
removal of pigments and polar materials is mandatory for most cosmetic applications.7 The process used for oil refining for
foods may be adequate for this purpose, or additional steps may be required. Special refining methods to yield colorless and
odorless oils are used by the cosmetic industry and include proprietary adsorption chromatography and supercritical fluid
extractions.
The majority of the oils presented in this report are produced either from mechanical extraction or solvent extraction
or a hybrid of both methods, known as prepress solvent extraction.5 In solvent extraction, hexane is the most commonly used
solvent as it is economical and has low toxicity potential when compared to other solvents.
After the initial extraction by methods such as solvent extraction, the crude (degummed) oil is often refined.5 The
first step is treating the oil with caustic soda to neutralize free fatty acids, hydrolyze phosphatides, and remove some colored
pigments and unsaponifiable materials. Soap stock is usually a by-product of this step. The next step involves bleaching the
neutralized oil with activated earth to further absorb pigments. The last major step in refining oil is deodorizing, which
removes all oxidative cleavage products that impart odor or flavor to the oil. Deodorization also removes tocopherols,
sterols, and other minor constituents of free fatty acids and undesirable foreign materials. Figure 2 is a flowchart of the basic
refinement process.
After deodorization, oils can be further processed by hydrogenation, which makes oil more resistant to oxidative and
thermal damage, and by winterization, where oil is slowly cooled to promote formation of crystals that cause cloudiness and
filtered to remove the crystals.
Analytical Methods
Near infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography have been used, respectively, to phenotype and analyze fatty
acid profiles in shea fat (described as Vitellaria paradoxa, not Butyrospermum parkii).8 The fatty acid composition of
2
hazelnut oil (Corylus avellana, in crude form) has also been analyzed by gas chromatography.9 The triacylglycerol and
diacylglycerol composition oils from hazelnut, pistachio, almond, Brazil nut, and macadamia nuts have been characterized
with high-performance liquid chromatography with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization and UV detection.10 The
triacylglycerol profile of Brazil nut oil has also been quantified using dry matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of
flight mass spectrometry.11 According to Crevel et al., a validated analytical methodology for establishing the protein content
of oil is needed.12
Impurities
Proteins
Many edible oils are derived from foods that are recognized as potent food allergens. It has been shown that often
an individual that is allergic to a food will generally not react to the refined oil, especially if the oil has been hot-pressed or
has undergone more processing.12;13 It should be noted that while the Panel has found a general lack of clinical effects for nut
oils that they have already reviewed,14;15 other researchers have raised concerns about the presence of residual proteins in nut
oils. Olszewski et al. found 0.1-0.2 g protein per g of peanut oil,16 while Ramazzotti et al. reported finding IgE responsive
residual proteins in peanut oil extracts. 17 The European Medicines Agency (EMEA) Working Party on Herbal Medicinal
Products concluded that peanut products should be treated as allergenic unless they have an analytically-monitored nonallergenic specification and a safe maximum daily dose.18 The EMEA found that threshold concentrations for induction of a
protein contact dermatitis were not available and recommended that all medications for topical use containing peanut
products should be treated as allergenic.
Aflatoxin
Aflatoxins are metabolic products of the molds Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. They are most often
produced in stored agricultural crops (such as peanuts and other nut crops) when growth conditions and genetic requirements
are favorable.19-21 Aflatoxins are identified as B1, B2, G1, G2, M1 and M2 (milk toxins), B2a, and G2a based on fluorescent
color (B = blue, G = green) when separated chromatographically. Aflatoxins B3, R0, P1, Q1, RB1, RB2 and D1 have also been
isolated.20
The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) categorized aflatoxins as group 1 agents, carcinogenic to
humans.22;23 Epidemiological studies noted positive correlation between estimated aflatoxin intake or level of aflatoxin
contamination of market food samples and cooked food and incidence of hepatocellular cancer. The observations were
supported by positive results in laboratory carcinogenicity and mutagenicity studies. Aflatoxin B1 specifically is recognized
as one of the most potent environmental mutagens and carcinogens known.20 Aflatoxin B1 and B2 are the most common
aflatoxins found in peanuts.24
3
The United States government places the following limitations on peanuts to be considered negative for aflatoxin:
< 15 ppb for peanuts which have been certified as meeting edible quality grade requirements and < 25 ppb for non-edible
quality categories (7 CFR Sections 997.30 and 998.200). The FDA has defined the action levels for aflatoxin content in
foods at 20 ppb.25
A study reported that crude peanut oil (obtained by solvent extraction or hydraulic pressing) has reduced aflatoxin
concentration compared to peanut kernels, and that subsequent processing (alkali refining and bleaching) reduces the
concentration still further.14 In one example, processed peanut oil from moldy peanuts (contaminated with 5500 ppb
aflatoxin) had an aflatoxin concentration of < 1ppb. [From CIR assessment on peanut oil, 2001.]
In 50 samples of hazel nuts from Spain, all samples showed fungal contamination, but no aflatoxin contamination.26
Of the 50 fungal strains identified, 25 were aflatoxigenic strains. In 20 hazel nut samples collected in Egypt, however,
aflatoxin (25-175 g/kg) was reported as a contaminant in 90% of samples. [From CIR assessment on hazel seed oil, 2001.]
Aflatoxin contamination of raw and dried coconut copra has been reported.15 Improper drying, handling, and
storage greatly increase the possibility of contamination by aflatoxins growing on copra. Smoke drying of copra inhibited
aflatoxin formation. [From CIR assessment on coconut oil, 2008.]
USE
Cosmetic
The available use information supplied to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) by industry as part of the
Voluntary Cosmetic Registration Program (VCRP) on these oil ingredients can be found in Table 6.27 Shea butter has the
most reported uses in cosmetic and personal care products with a total of 1950. A recent survey of use concentrations for shea
butter reports a maximum use concentration of 60% in leave-on products as a cuticle softener, a manicuring application.28 A
survey of use concentrations in the remaining ingredients discussed in this report is currently being conducted by the Personal
Care Products Council (Council). The use concentrations that were reported in previous CIR safety assessments of oils are
also found in Table 5.14;15;26;29 (The year the data were reported is included in parentheses; if no date is available, the data is
current.) Although hazel nut oil (Corylus Americana and Corylus Avellana) were previously reviewed, specific
concentration of use data were not available. One source reported Corylus Avellana seed oil was used up to 100%. Nonspecific hazel nut oil concentration of use ranged from <5% to 50% according to historical FDA data.26
Oils are used in a wide variety of cosmetic products for their skin conditioning, occlusive, emollient, moisturizing
and other properties. The oil ingredients described in this report may be used in hair sprays, and effects on the lungs that may
be induced by aerosolized products containing these ingredients are of concern.
4
The aerosol properties that determine deposition in the respiratory system are particle size and density. The
parameter most closely associated with deposition is the aerodynamic diameter, da, defined as the diameter of a sphere of unit
density possessing the same terminal settling velocity as the particle in question. In humans, particles with an aerodynamic
diameter of 10m are respirable. Particles with a da from 0.1 - 10m settle in the upper respiratory tract and particles with
a da < 0.1 m settle in the lower respiratory tract.30;31
Particle diameters of 60-80 m and 80 m have been reported for anhydrous hair sprays and pump hairsprays,
respectively.32 In practice, aerosols should have at least 99% of their particle diameters in the 10 110 m range and the
mean particle diameter in a typical aerosol spray has been reported as ~38 m.33 Therefore, most aerosol particles are
deposited in the nasopharyngeal region and are not respirable.
None of the oils or their related counterparts described in this report were restricted from use in any way under the
rules governing cosmetic products in the European Union.34
Non-Cosmetic
The primary uses for nut oils are for cooking. Of the nut oils, peanut oil and coconut oil are the world's most widely
consumed.5;35 Non-food, non-cosmetic uses for edible nut oils are found in Table 7.
ANIMAL TOXICOLOGY
Irritation, sensitization and phototoxicity information were not found for all the oils listed in this report. The data
available were reviewed and are summarized below. Information from previous CIR reports on nut oils is identified by
italics.
Acute Dermal Toxicity
Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil
Undiluted hydrogenated coconut oil was applied as a single dose of 3 g/kg to the skin of 12 guinea pigs.15 No
deaths occurred during the 7-d observation period.
Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Oil
Undiluted sweet almond oil was tested for acute dermal toxicity in guinea pigs.36 The test material was applied
under occlusion to the clipped abraded and intact skin of 12 animals (6 male/6 female) at a dose of 3 g/kg. At 24 hours,
excess material was rinsed off. Observations were made daily for seven days; animals were then killed and necropsied. The
acute dermal LD50 was > 3 g/kg.
5
Acute Subcutaneous Toxicity

Guinea pigs were injected subcutaneously with single or multiple doses of a 10% sweet almond oil emulsion in
saline (1 ml/dose).36 After a single injection, minute oil emboli were found in the lungs of these animals. After six to ten
hours, emboli caused local infiltration of eosinophils in the lung parenchyma. Six days after repeated oil injections,
investigators observed a peripheral blood eosinophilia, which reached a maximum increase of 16.5% by the third week. The
eosinophilia was suggested to be a nonallergic reaction.
Dermal Irritation
Arachis Hypogaea (Peanut) Oil
Undiluted technical grade peanut oil was moderately irritating to rabbits and guinea pig skin and mildly irritating
to rat skin following exposure; there was no indication that the test site was occluded. However, in a 48 h occlusive patch
test using miniature swine, technical grade peanut oil was not irritating.14
Undiluted coconut oil, hydrogenated coconut oil, and coconut acid were non- to minimally irritating to rabbit skin.
In single-insult occlusive patch tests of a 5% aq. solution of a bar soap containing 13% sodium cocoate, scores of 1.6-4.0/8.0
were reported.15
Corylus Avellana (Hazel) Seed Oil
A comedogenicity study was conducted in which 0.1 ml of Corylus Avellana (hazel) nut oil (pH 6) was applied to the
internal fold and the pinna of the right ear of 6 albino rabbits, 5 days per week for 2 weeks.26 Animals were killed at the end
of the study and epidermal samples were obtained from both ears of each rabbit. The samples were examined both by a
magnifying glass and microscopically. No local irritation was noted at the application site. A slight difference in the
number and size of the pilosebaceous follicles was noted via magnifying glass. A slight excess of sebum and a dilation of
the follicles was noted upon microscopic examination of the treated areas.
Undiluted sweet almond oil was tested for irritancy in groups of 6 male albino rabbits.36 The test material was
applied under occlusion to the clipped intact and abraded dorsal skin of each animal. Twenty-three hours later, patches
were removed; sites were scored at 24 and 48 hours. The Primary Irritation Indices (PIIs) for seven test samples of Sweet
Almond Oil ranged from 0 to 0.18 (maximum score = 8), indicating that this ingredient is practically nonirritating to skin.
Undiluted sweet almond oil and two moisturizer formulations each containing 25% sweet almond oil were tested for
skin irritancy by the following procedure.36 The test material was applied under occlusion to the shaved intact dorsal skin of
groups of 9 female albino rabbits. Patches were removed and sites were scored for erythema at 24 and 72 hours. Undiluted
6
sweet almond oil was nonirritating (PII = 0; maximum score = 4); whereas, the formulations containing 25% sweet almond
oil were minimally irritating (PIIs = 0.28 and 0.72, respectively).
A 60-day cumulative irritation test was used to evaluate the subchronic irritancy of sweet almond oil in rabbits.36
The test material, at concentrations of 10% or 100%, was applied daily to the clipped dorsal skin of groups of 3 albino
rabbits. Sites were scored daily. When tested in 7 separate trials, 100% sweet almond oil produced mean maximum
irritation indices (MMIIs) ranging from 0.34 to 1.34 (maximum score = 8). At a concentration of 10%, MMIIs for this
ingredient ranged from 0 to 0.66. Results indicated that, when applied to the skin over a long period of time, undiluted sweet
almond oil is slightly irritating; whereas, at 10% it is practically nonirritating.
Dermal Sensitization
Hartley and/or Himalayan guinea pigs were used to determine the sensitization potential of peanut oil. Single drops
of a store-bought peanut oil were applied to an area clipped free of hair on the backs of 4 guinea pigs. Applications were
made at 2-6 wk intervals, for a total of 7 applications over a 5-mo period. It appears that the test sites were not covered. The
test sites were scored 24 h after application. Well-defined erythema was considered a positive reaction. None of the animals
had a positive reaction following the initial application. Two animals had positive reactions following application at wks 6
and 12, while one animal had a positive reaction following dosing at wk 12 only.14
In guinea pigs, neither undiluted coconut oil or hydrogenated coconut oil were sensitizers.15
A maximization assay was used to determine the sensitizing potential of sweet almond oil.36 Hartley-strain female
guinea pigs were divided into groups of 10 animals. Each animal received intradermal injections of 50% aqueous Freunds
complete adjuvant (FCA), 5% sweet almond oil in propylene glycol, and 5% sweet almond oil in 50% FCA into different sites
on epilated dorsal skin. Vehicle control animals were also used. In the dose-range phase of the experiment, each of 50
animals received a single dermal application of 5%, 10%, or 100% sweet almond oil to determine subirritating and
slightly irritating concentrations to be used for the challenge and booster phases. One week after the induction injection,
100% sweet almond oil was applied occlusively to the treated sites for 48 hours as a topical booster. Animals were
challenged 2 weeks later with 5% sweet almond oil in petrolatum applied topically under occlusion for 24 h. Patches were
then removed and sites were scored 24 and 48 h later. Sweet almond oil was nonsensitizing under these test procedures.
7
Ocular Irritation
Aleurites Moluccana Seed Oil
In in vitro human conjunctival cell assays and in vivo guinea pig Draize tests, Aleurites Moluccana oil was not
cytotoxic and was not an ocular irritant.37 The same authors tested the efficacy of Aleurites Moluccana oil in ocular burn
treatment in vitro and in vivo and did not observe any adverse effects.38
Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil, Hydrogenated Coconut Oil, Coconut Acid
Undiluted coconut oil was instilled into the conjunctival sac of the eyes of each of 2 groups of rabbits (6
rabbits/group). Without subsequent water rinsing of the eyes, maximum irritation scores of 2 and 1 were reported for the 2
treatment groups (max = 110). These results were indicative of minimal eye irritation.15
Undiluted hydrogenated coconut oil was instilled into the eyes of 10 groups of 6 rabbits each in a single dose. The
treated eyes received no subsequent water rinse. In 1 test, mild irritation (6/110) was observed. The eyes appeared normal by
the fourth day. In another study, minimal irritation (2/110) was observed, and the eyes appeared normal by the third day. In
eight tests, negligible or minimal irritation was observed. The eyes were clinically normal by the second day.15
Tests of 2 lipstick formulations containing 10% hydrogenated coconut oil were conducted with 6 albino rabbits
each. Slight conjunctivitis was observed from both formulations (no score provided), but the reaction disappeared by 48 and
24 h, respectively. Undiluted coconut acid was assayed for ocular toxicity in 3 groups of 6 rabbits each. In 2 tests, mild
irritation (8/110 and 9/110) was observed. The eyes were considered normal by the fourth day. In 1 test, minimal irritation
(1/110) was observed, with the eyes returning to normal by the third day.15
The Draize method or a modification of it was used to test the eye irritancy of undiluted sweet almond oil and
cosmetic formulations containing up to 25% sweet almond oil.36 The test material was instilled into one eye of each of 3 to
6 rabbits; the other eye served as an untreated control. Irritation was evaluated 1 h, as well as 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 days later.
Undiluted sweet almond oil was practically nonirritating or minimally irritating. Formulations containing up to 25% sweet
almond oil were nonirritating to minimally irritating. In most instances, reactions that occurred were limited to conjunctival
irritation, which cleared by the third day of observation.
CARCINOGENICITY
The safety of glycidol fatty acid esters in refined vegetable oils was assessed by IARC. Glycidol was determined to
be a Group2A (probably carcinogenic to humans) chemical while Glycidol Fatty Acid Esters was determined to be a Group 3
(not classifiable as to carcinogenicity to humans) chemical.39;40
8
The Federal Institute for Risk Assessment in Germany released a summary of their initial evaluation of the
assessment of levels of glycidol fatty acid esters detected in refined vegetable fats.41 While acknowledging that the levels of
glycidol that may be released from glycidol fatty acid esters are not known, the evaluation noted that glycidol is classified as
probably carcinogenic to humans. The evaluation was based on findings of the German Chemical and Veterinary Test
Agency (CVUA).
In a presentation by Weisshauer from the CVUA, the conversion of glycidol to 3-chloropropanediol was presented
as an artifact of the analytical method, and it appeared to be the 3-chloropropanediol that was detected its indicative of the
presence of glycidol.42 The levels of 3-chloropropanediol were negligible at the crude oil, degummed, neutralized, and
bleached stages, but levels were significant at the deodorized stage.
Anacardium Occidentale (Cashew) Seed Oil
Singh et al. investigated the modulatory effect of cashew nut oil on antioxidant potential in female Swiss albino
mice in a 120 day skin papillomagenesis study.43 The mice were divided into 4 groups of 15 and 1 group of 10 (vehicle
control). Test groups were as follows: Group I was the vehicle control, receiving 0.1 ml acetone; Group II was the positive
control, receiving a single dose of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) (0.005 mg/0.05 ml acetone ) followed by
applications of 2% croton oil 3 times a week until study termination; Group III received a single dose of DMBA followed by
applications of 2.5% cashew nut kernel oil 3 times a week until study termination; Group IV received a single dose of DMBA
followed by applications of 5% cashew nut kernel oil 3 times a week until study termination; and Group V was 5% cashew
nut kernel oil applied until study termination. The oil was applied to the clipped dorsal scapular region that was 2 cm in
diameter. Body weights were recorded at regular intervals. Skin papillomas greater than 1 mm in diameter at the application
sites were recorded weekly and included in the data analysis if they persisted for more than 2 weeks. The positive control
group yielded expected results (86% tumor incidence). No tumors were observed in the vehicle control or the other test
groups. The authors concluded that cashew nut kernel oil did not exhibit any solitary carcinogenic activity.
CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF SAFETY

Edible oils, including nut oils, are commonly believed to be safe for use on the skin.7 de Groot notes that no
documentation exist to show that high quality edible lipids cause adverse reactions in normal individuals (except for potential
comedogenicity).44 Very few reports of adverse reactions to cosmetic use of edible oils have been reported.
Irritation/Sensitization/Allergenicity
Many edible oils are derived from foods that are recognized as potent food allergens. It has been shown that often
an individual that is allergic to a food will generally not react to the refined oil, especially if the oil has been hot-pressed or
has undergone more processing.12;13 A prime example is peanut oil. Peanuts are extremely allergenic to a large population,
9
but reaction to the oil is rare. In the original safety assessment on peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil, the Expert Panel noted that
the major concern associated with allergic reactions to peanuts is the protein.14 The protein does not partition into the refined
oil, and therefore, oil does not raise the same type of safety concerns as the food containing oil and protein. Crevel et al. also
concluded that chemically refined peanut oil is safe for the majority of peanut allergic individuals.12 They stated that as
peanut is acknowledged to be one of the most potent food allergens, it is reasonable to extrapolate the conclusions drawn up
for peanut oil to other edible oils. However, they concede that validated analytical methodology for establishing the protein
content of oil is needed.
In support of the conclusions stated earlier, Crevel et al. also examined the allergenicity of some other oils. Very
few instances of allergic reactions to other major edible oils have been reported. Even sesame oil, which differs from the
other oils in that it is used as a flavorant and therefore is not as refined and expected to contain significantly more protein that
the other edible oils, has had very few reports of allergic reaction.
The preceding paragraphs addressed general allergenicity issues of edible oils. Specific information, where
available, follows and is either summarized from previous CIR reports on edible oils, and is identified by italics, or is new
data and identified by normal text.
The sensitization potential of a topical dermatologic product containing 0.01% fluocinolone and refined peanut oil
was studied in peanut-sensitive children and adults.45 The volunteers for the study included 8 children and 6 adults. The
subjects first underwent a prick skin test with peanut extracts, a solution of 50% glycerin (negative control), a solution o f 1.8
mg.ml histamine phosphate in 50% glycerin (positive control) the complete test product, the products vehicle only (without
fluocinolone), and refined peanut oil. Wheals that appeared were measured and recorded after 15 minutes. The subjects
were also patch tested with the complete test product, the products vehicle only, and the refined peanut oil. The materials
were applied with Finn chambers on the mid-back, were left in place for 48 h, removed, and observed immediately and after
24 h. Only 1 child had a trace positive reaction to refined peanut oil in the prick skin test. There were no reactions in any of
the subjects to the test product, product vehicle, or the negative control; positive results were observed to the positive control
and the peanut extracts. All subjects had negative patch tests at 48 and 72 h.
Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter and Unsaponifiables
The effect of a single application of 9 different lipids, including shea butter and fractions of unsaponifiable lipids
from shea butter, on normal skin and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)-irritated skin was studied in 21 healthy subjects.6 The
shea butter liquid sample was obtained from a supplier and the unsaponifiable fraction was obtained through low
temperature crystallization of the supplied sample. The right volar forearm was treated with 50 l of each test material in 12
10
mm Finn chambers for 48 h. The left volar forearm was treated with 50 l of 14% aq. SLS for 7 h, rinsed, dried, and then
treated with 50 l of each test material for 17 h. The treated areas were then washed with mild soap solution, dried, and
examined after 24 h. Visible signs of irritation were assessed and cutaneous blood flow and transepidermal water loss
(TEWL) were measured.
In the normal skin treated with shea butter, barely perceptible erythema was observed in a small number of subjects
(number not reported) 24 h after patching. No irritation from the shea unsaponifiable fraction was observed in any of the
subjects. In the SLS-irritated skin treated with shea butter, 7 subjects had no irritation reaction, 6 had barely perceptible
erythema, 7 had slight erythema, and 1 had moderate erythema. In the SLS-irritated skin treated with shea unsaponifiable
fraction, 9 subjects had no irritation reaction, 8 had barely perceptible erythema, and 2 subjects each had slight and moderate
erythema. No significant differences in cutaneous blood flow or TEWL were observed in shea butter and shea unsaponifiable
fraction when compared to water (control) in either normal or SLS-irritated skin.6
Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil and Potassium Cocoate
A bar soap containing 13% coconut oil was evaluated for skin irritation using standard Draize procedures. One
percent aqueous solutions of the product were applied with occlusive patches to the forearms of 106 panelists over a 3-wk
period. Very minimal skin reactions were recorded, and the researchers concluded the material was not hazardous under
conditions of normal use.15
Bar soaps containing 13% coconut oil were evaluated in a 2-week normal use test. The investigators reported no
unusual irritation response under normal use conditions in 72 panelists.15
Soap chamber tests employing Duhring chambers applied to the forearm were conducted with 8% aqueous
suspension of bar soaps containing 13% coconut oil. One 24-h patch and four 6-h patches were applied over a 5-d period.
In one test with 10 panelists the soap was moderately irritating, and the researchers concluded it was safe under conditions
of normal use. In a second soap chamber test, minimal irritation was observed in a panel of 10 individuals.15
The skin of 40 healthy volunteers and 480 subjects with active skin diseases were patch tested with 15 L of 5%
aqueous potassium cocoate. Positive responses were observed in 5 subjects (0.9%). Intensities of the positive responses
were not reported; however, 2 subjects had active psoriasis and 3 had active eczema.15
A tanning butter containing 2.5% coconut oil was evaluated using a repeat insult predictive patch test. Nine 24-h
induction patches were applied over a 3-week period. No erythematous reactions were observed in 103 panelists after a
single challenge in the sixth wk of the study.15
Four lipstick formulations containing 10% hydrogenated coconut oil were tested with a single 48-h application on
204 white females. There was no evidence of primary irritation and no indication of sensitization on retests performed 14 d
11
later. 15
Coconut oil was not an allergen at 100% concentration in 12 subjects in a double-blind randomized controlled pilot
study.15
Hazel Nut Oil
A patch testing reference book by de Groot noted that the published literature does not contain recommended test
concentrations concerning hazel nut oil.26 To serve as a guide to the reader, de Groot reported that an unpublished (and at
the time, ongoing) study found no irritant reaction in 1 to 20 patients suffering from or suspected to suffer from cosmetic
product contact allergy who had been patch tested with 30% hazel nut oil in petrolatum.
Plukenetia Volubilis
A human repeat insult patch test (HRIPT) was performed on a lipstick containing 0.51% Plukenetia Volubilis seed
oil in 108 subjects.46 The test material (0.2 g) was applied to the upper back with a inch square absorbent pad and
occluded. A total of 9 applications were applied for 24 h over a 3-week period during the induction phase. After a 2-week
resting period, a challenge patch was applied to a virgin site for 24 h and the test site was scored at 24 and 72 h postapplication. No reactions were observed and it was concluded that the lipstick containing 0.51% Plukenetia Volubilis seed
oil was not a dermal irritant or sensitizer.
A single insult patch test (SIPT) was used to determine the irritancy of undiluted sweet almond oil.36 The test
material was applied under occlusion to the backs of 101 subjects; 48 h later, the patches were removed and the sites scored.
Sweet almond oil produced no reactions in the test subjects and was determined to be nonirritating.
A HRIPT was used to study the irritancy and sensitizing potential of undiluted sweet almond oil in 52 subjects.36
The test material was applied under occlusion to the back of each subject for 48 h; sites were then read and the compound
reapplied. This procedure was repeated 3 days per week for 3 weeks (9 applications). Following a 2-week rest, 1 or 2
challenge patches were applied to previously untreated skin of each subject. Sites were scored 48 and/or 96 h later.
Undiluted sweet almond oil produced no reactions in any of the 52 subjects and was concluded to be nonirritating and
nonsensitizing.
Repeated insult patch tests were used to study the effects of cosmetic formulations containing 0.1%-25% sweet
almond oil in a total of 6906 subjects.36 Results indicate that these products are practically nonirritating and nonsensitizing
to human skin. Additionally, the Lanman-Maibach 21-day Cumulative Irritancy Assay was used to test the subchronjc
irritancy of a moisturizer containing 25% sweet almond oil. The test material was applied under occlusion to the backs of 10
subjects for 23 hours. Patches were then removed, the site rinsed and scored 1 h later, and the compound reapplied. This
12
procedure was repeated for 21 consecutive days. Of the 10 subjects tested, 7 reacted to 1 or more patches. The total
irritancy score was 14 out of a maximum possible 630.
Phototoxicity/Photosensitization
Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil and Sodium Cocoate
Bar soaps made with 13% coconut oil were tested as a 3% aqueous solution. Patches containing 0.2 ml were
applied 3 times a week for 24 h for a 3-wk period to stripped skin. Sites were exposed to a Wood's lamp for 40 min and a sun
lamp for 15 min following each application. Following a 2-week nontreatment period, duplicate challenge patches were
applied. No evidence of photosensitization was observed in any of the 10 panelists.15
A similar soap prepared as 1 or 3% aqueous solutions was tested on 52 panelists. Occlusive patches containing 0.4
ml of the test solution were applied to the arms 3 times a week for a 3-week period. Sites were exposed to sunlight for 30 min,
24 h after application. Following a 2-week nontreatment period, duplicate challenge patches were applied. Sun exposures
were made 24 h following the challenge application. No evidence of photosensitization was noted.15
Bar soaps made with 13% sodium cocoate were prepared as a 3% aqueous solution. Occlusive patches containing
0.2 ml of the test solution were applied to the tape-stripped backs of 10 volunteers over a 6-week period. After each
application, the treated sites were exposed to an inspectrolamp for 45 min. After UVA exposure, the area was exposed to
about 2/3 of the minimal erythemal dose (MED) from an air-cooled Kromayer lamp. No evidence of phototoxicity was
observed.15
Formulations containing 0.1% - 2.0% sweet almond oil were tested for photosensitization in a total of 764 subjects.
The test material was applied under occlusion to each subjects back.36 Twenty-four hours later, the patch was removed and
the site scored and irradiated with ultraviolet light from a 150W Xenon Arc Solar Simulator (290-400 nm) at a dose equal to
3 times the individuals minimal erythema dose (MED). The site was again graded at 72 h and the procedure repeated once.
The products containing 0.1% - 2% sweet almond oil did not manifest photosensitivity in any of the test subjects.
Clinical Trials/Case Studies
In an efficacy study of Aleurites Moluccana oil as a topical treatment for psoriasis, 15 patients with mild, stable
plaque psoriasis (less than 15% total body surface area) applied just enough (oil) to moisten the plaque 3 times daily for 12
weeks. No side effects or adverse events were reported.47
Anacardium Occidentale (Cashew) Seed Oil
A 37-year-old male resin researcher presented with painful, edematous erythema with bullae on his right leg after
dropping pure cashew nut oil from a bottle on his right thigh.48 He had removed his clothes immediately and thoroughly
13
washed the skin. The erythema developed 10 days after exposure. Patch testing was performed with cashew nut oil 3%
alcohol, cashew nut oil 0.3% alcohol, cashew nut oil 0.03% alcohol, and urushiol 0.01% petrolatum. The patients had a +
reaction on day 2 and ++ reactions on days 3 and 4 to the 3% dilution, and + reactions to the 0.3% dilution and urushiol
on days 2-4. A ?+ reaction was observed on days 2 and 3 and a + reaction was observed on day 4 to the 0.03% dilution.
Coconut oil did not produce adverse effects in several therapeutic studies.15
Macadamia Nut Oil
A case of cheilitis was reported in a 28-year-old woman that had used a lipstick that contained macadamia nut oil
(no species description or concentration of oil were reported).49 When patch tested with the ingredients contained in the
lipstick, the patient had positive reactions to di-isostearyl malate and macadamia nut oil. The patient was told to discontinue
use of lipsticks containing these 2 ingredients and her condition improved with steroid ointment.
SUMMARY
The oils derived from edible nuts are composed of mono-, di-, and triglycerides, free fatty acids and other minor
components, including natural antioxidants and fat-soluble vitamins. The percentage of chemical constituents and nutritional
content of individual oil types is dependent on region where the nut plant is grown, individual cultivars, and plant genetics.
Oils used in cosmetics are likely produced in the same manner as those used in the food industry. Oils may be expressed
through mechanical or solvent extraction. The oils may undergo further refining to remove pigments, odors, unsaponifiable
materials, and other undesirables.
It has been shown that often an individual that is allergic to a food will generally not react to the refined oil. The
CIR Expert Panel has found a general lack of clinical effects for edible nut oils that they have already reviewed; however,
other researchers have raised concerns about the presence of residual proteins in oils, such as peanut and soy. These
ingredients may also contain aflatoxins, a metabolic products of certain molds that are carcinogenic to humans. The FDA
action level for aflatoxin in foods is 20 ppb.
Of the nut oils described in this report, shea butter has the most reported uses in cosmetic and personal care products
with a total of 1950 and is used at a maximum concentration of 60% in leave-on products with manicuring applications. Nut
oils are used in a wide variety of cosmetic products for their skin conditioning, occlusive, emollient, moisturizing, and other
properties. These ingredients may be used in hair spray and other aerosolized products. None of the oils or the related
counterparts described in this report were restricted from use in the European Union.
14
In acute animal studies, undiluted hydrogenated coconut oil and undiluted sweet almond oil were not dermal
toxicants in dermal toxicity studies in guinea pigs at doses of 3 g/kg. In a subcutaneous toxicity study, 10% sweet almond oil
produced nonallergic eosinophilia reactions in guinea pigs.
Undiluted peanut oil was moderately irritating to rabbits and guinea pig skin, mildly irritating in rat skin, and nonirritating in miniature swine in dermal studies. Undiluted coconut oil, hydrogenated coconut oil, and coconut acid were nonto minimally irritating in rabbit skin. Corylus Avellana (hazel) nut oil was not irritating to rabbit skin. Sweet almond oil at
25% in formulations was minimally irritating; at 10%, it was practically non-irritating, and at undiluted concentrations, it was
practically non-irritating to slightly irritating.
In animal sensitization studies, store-bought peanut oil produced well-defined erythema only at 12 weeks in a 5
month guinea pig study. Undiluted coconut oil and hydrogenated coconut oil were not sensitizers in guinea pig studies.
Sweet almond oil up to 100% was not sensitizing in a guinea pig study.
Aleurites Moluccana seed oil was not cytoxic or irritating in in vitro and in vivo ocular efficacy studies. Undiluted
coconut oil and undiluted hydrogenated coconut oil were minimal to mild eye irritants in rabbit eyes, while formulations
containing 10% hydrogenated coconut oil produced slight conjunctivitis in rabbit eyes that disappears after 24-48 h.
Undiluted sweet almond oil and formulations containing up to 25% sweet almond oil were nonirritating to minimally
irritating in Draize studies.
Glycidol and glycidol fatty acid esters, possible constituents in refined vegetable and nut oils, were determined to be
Group 2A (probably carcinogenic to humans) and Group 3 (not classifiable as to carcinogenicity to humans) chemicals,
respectively, by IARC. Cashew nut oil did not exhibit solitary carcinogenic activity in a study of the modulatory effect on
the antioxidant potential of this nut oil.
Edible nut oils are believed to be safe for use on the skin and very few reports of adverse reactions have been
reported. While the nuts that these oils are derived from are recognized food allergens, the proteins that are responsible for
allergenic responses do not partition into refined oils.
In 14 peanut-sensitive subjects, only one trace positive reaction was observed to refined peanut oil in a prick skin
test, but no reactions were observed in patch tests. Barely perceptible erythema was observed after exposure to shea butter on
normal skin while no irritation was observed following exposure to shea unsaponifiable fractions.
Bar soaps containing 13% coconut oil, when tested using standard Draize procedures, produced very minimal skin
reactions. In a 2-week normal use test, the bar soaps caused no unusual irritation response. The results of soap chamber tests
of bar soaps were minimal irritation in one study and mild irritation in another. A tanning butter containing 2.5% coconut
oil did not cause erythematous reactions in a 6-week repeat insult predictive patch test. Lipstick containing 10%
15
hydrogenated coconut oil caused no evidence of primary irritation after a single patch application and no indication of
sensitization in retests performed 14 days later. Coconut oil was not an allergen at 100% concentration in 12 subjects in a
double-blind randomized controlled pilot study.
No irritation was observed in patients that were patch tested with 30% hazel nut oil. Irritation and sensitization was
not observed in subjects tested with 0.51% Plukenetia Volubilis seed oil in a HIPT. Undiluted sweet almond oil was nonirritating and nonsensitizing in SIPT and RIPT studies, and formulations containing 0.1%-25% sweet almond oil were
practically nonirritating and nonsensitizing to human skin.
Bar soaps containing up to 13% coconut oil or sodium cocoate were not photosensitizers in human subjects, nor
were formulations containing 0.1%-2% sweet almond oil.
Aleurites Moluccana seed oil and coconut oil did not produce adverse effects in efficacy studies. Cashew nut oil
and macadamia nut oil caused allergic response in separate case studies.
16
FIGURES AND TABLES
H2 C
OCR
O
OCR'
HC
O
OCR"
H2 C
-OCR, -OCR', and -OCR" may be the same or dif ferent fatty acid radicals.
Figure 1. General structure of fats and oils.1
17
Figure 2. Basic oil refinement flowchart.5
Crude Oil
Water
Degummed Oil
Lecithin Sludge
Alkali
Deodorization
Alkali Refined Oil
Salad Oil
Soap Stock
Activated Earth
Deodorization
Salad Oil
Bleached Oil
H2, Catalyst
Deodorization
Cooking Oil
Other Fatty Oil
Partially
Hydrogenated Oil
Winterization &
Deodorization
Deodorization
Deodorization
Shortening
Stock
Blended Oils
Deodorization
Margarine Stock
18
Salad and
Cooking Oil
Table 1. Nut oils and their derivatives.

Aleurites Moluccana Seed Oil (CAS No. 8015-80-3) [Kukui]
Aleurites Moluccanus Bakoly Seed Oil
Hydrogenated Kukui Nut Oil
Anacardium Occidentale (Cashew) Seed Oil (CAS No. 8007-24-7)
Arachis Hypogaea (Peanut) Oil (CAS No. 8002-03-7)
Peanut Acid (CAS No. 91051-35-3)
Potassium Peanutate
Sodium Peanutate
Bertholletia Excelsa Seed Oil [Brazil]
Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Oil
Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter (CAS No. 68920-03-6; 194043-92-0)
Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter Unsaponifiables (CAS No. 194043-92-0; 225234-14-0)
Hydrogenated Shea Butter
Canarium Indicum Seed Oil [Galip]
Carya Illinoensis (Pecan) Seed Oil
Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil (CAS No. 8001-31-8)
Coconut Acid (CAS No. 61788-47-4)
Hydrogenated Coconut Acid (CAS No. 68938-15-8)
Hydrogenated Coconut Oil (CAS No. 84836-98-6)
Magnesium Cocoate
Potassium Cocoate (CAS No. 61789-30-8)
Potassium Hydrogenated Cocoate
Sodium Cocoate (CAS No. 61789-31-9)
Sodium Hydrogenated Cocoate
Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Seed Butter
Corylus Americana (Hazel) Seed Oil
Hydrogenated Hazelnut Oil
Gevuina Avellana Oil [Chilean Hazel]
Juglans Regia (Walnut) Seed Oil (CAS No. 8024-09-7)
Macadamia Integrifolia Seed Oil
Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil (CAS No. 128497-20-1 or 129811-19-4)
Hydrogenated Macadamia Seed Oil
Sodium Macadamiaseedate
Pistacia Vera Seed Oil [Pistachio] (CAS No. 90082-81-8 or 129871-01-8)
Hydrogenated Pistachio Seed Oil
Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Oil (CAS No. 8007-69-0 or 90320-37-9)
Hydrogenated Sweet Almond Oil
Hydrogenated Sweet Almond Oil Unsaponifiables
Sodium Sweet Almondate
Schinziophyton Rautanenii Kernel Oil [Mongongo]
19
Ingredients
Table 2. Previously reviewed nut oils, fatty acids, and glyceryl triesters.
Publication Date
Oil Ingredients
Arachis Hypogaea (Peanut) Oil (CAS No. 8002-03-7)
Hydrogenated Peanut Oil (CAS No. 68425-36-5)
Peanut Acid (CAS No. 91051-35-3)
Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil (CAS No. 8001-31-8)
Coconut Acid (CAS No. 61788-47-4)
Hydrogenated Coconut Acid (CAS No. 68938-15-8)
Hydrogenated Coconut Oil (CAS No. 84836-98-6)
Magnesium Cocoate
Potassium Cocoate (CAS No. 61789-30-8)
Potassium Hydrogenated Cocoate
Sodium Cocoate (CAS No. 61789-31-9)
Sodium Hydrogenated Cocoate
Corylus Americana (Hazel) Seed Oil
(CAS No. 8007-69-0)
Fatty Acids
Arachidonic Acid (CAS No. 506-32-1)
Hydroxystearic Acid (CAS No. 106-14-9)
Lauric Acid (CAS No. 143-07-7)
Myristic Acid (CAS No. 544-63-8)
Oleic Acid (CAS No. 112-80-1)
Palmitic Acid (CAS No. 57-10-3)
Stearic Acid (CAS No. 57-11-4)
Conclusion
IJT 20(S2):65-77, 2001
Safe
JACT 5(3):103-121, 1986; CIR Final Report, 2008
Safe
IJT 20 (S1):15-20, 2001
Insufficient data
JACT 2(5):85-99, 1983; Re-reviewed, not reopened IJT 24

(S1):1-102, 2005
Safe
JACT 12 (5):481-559, 1993

IJT 18(S1):1-10, 1999
Insufficient data
Safe
JACT 6(3):321-401, 1987; Re-reviewed, not reopened IJT

25(2):1-89, 2006
Safe
IJT 20 (S4):61-94, 2001
Safe
Glyceryl Triesters
Trilaurin (CAS No. 538-24-9)
Triarachidin (CAS No. 620-64-4)
Tribehenin (CAS No. 18641-57-1)
Tricaprin (CAS No. 621-71-6)
Tricaprylin (CAS No. 538-23-8)
Trierucin (CAS No. 2752-99-0)
Triheptanoin (CAS No. 620-67-7)
Triheptylundecanoin (CAS No. 105214-66-2)
Triisononanoin
Triisopalmitin (CAS No. 68957-79-9)
Triisostearin (CAS No. 26942-95-0)
Trilinolenin (CAS No. 14465-68-0)
Trimyristin (CAS No. 555-45-3)
Trioctanoin (CAS No. 7360-38-5)
Triolein (CAS No. 122-32-7)
Tripalmitin (CAS No. 555-44-2)
Tripalmitolein (CAS No. 20246-55-3)
Triricinolein (CAS No. 2540-54-7)
Tristearin (CAS No. 555-43-1)
Triundecanoin (CAS No. 13552-80-2)
Glyceryl Triacetyl Hydroxystearate (CAS No. 27233-00-7)
Glyceryl Triacetyl Ricinoleate (CAS No. 101-34-8)
Glyceryl Stearate Diacetate
20
Appearance
5.0 max
0.920-0.940
(15.5C); 0.9200.930 (20C)
Peroxide value (meq

O2/kg oil)
Specific gravity
190 - 193; 185-210
Refractive index
Iodine value
0.1 - 4; 2 max
(refined)
-15
1.473 - 1.479
(25C); 1.470-1.480
(20C)
1.0 max
146 - 166; 130-175
Solidification point
(C)

Titer (C)
Melting point (C)
Aleurites
Molucanna Seed
Oil [Kukui]50-53
0.22
Anacardium
Occidentale
(Cashew) Seed
Oil54
0.39; 5.0 max

0.910 - 0.915
(25/25C); 0.9120.920 (20C)
21
0.914 (25C)
0.16
192.4
74.2
74-107; 80-106
180-208; 185-195
1.473
Bertholletia
Excelsa Seed Oil
[Brazil]54;58
1.470-1.472; 1.4621.464 (40C)
0.2-2.08; 0.5 max

26-32
Arachis Hypogaea
(Peanut) Oil5;50;55-57
0.918 (15C)
5.0 max
178-190; 165-190
1.468 (25C)
1.5 max
50-67; 45-73
1.0 max as oleic

acid
49-54
32 - 45; 28-42 (slip)
Butyrospermum
Parkii (Shea)
Butter5;50;59;60
Table 3. Average chemical properties for crude and refined oils.
< 10
185-195
28 - 43
< 0.1 as oleic acid
Butyrospermum
Parkii (Shea) Oil61
0.924 (25C)
0.15
190
100 - 105
1.472
Carya Illinoensis
(Pecan) Seed
Oil50;54;58
Appearance
0.43; 10.0 max

0.912-0.917
(15.5C)
0.917 - 0.919
(25/15.5C)
187-197
1.467-1.474 (20C)
0.6 max (refined)
83-97
0.2 max as oleic

acid
Hazel Seed
Oil55;62;63
< 10
248 - 265
Specific gravity
6.0 - 11
Peroxide value (meq

O2/kg oil)
1.448 - 1.450 (40C)
Refractive index
Iodine value
Solidification point
(C)

Titer (C)
Melting point (C)
< 0.1% as oleic

acid; < 0.07% as
lauric acid
20 - 24
22 - 26
Cocos Nucifiera
(Coconut) Oil5;50;61
22
0.917 (25C)
0.37
190 - 197
150 - 162
1.475 (25C)
0.2 - 2.5
Juglans Regia
(Walnut) Seed
Oil50;55;58
0.915 (25C);
0.911-0.918 (20C)
0.36; 10.0 max
193.7; 190-200
78.3; 62-82
1.469; 1.466-1.470
(20C)
0.5 max; 1.0 max as

oleic acid
Macadamia Nut
Oil55;58;64;65
0.22
Pistacia Vera Seed

Oil [Pistachio]54
Table 3. Average chemical properties for crude and refined nut oils (continued).
0.19
0.913 - 0.916
(25C); 0.911-0.920
(20C)
183 - 197; 185-195
93 - 106
9.0 - 12.0
1.462 - 1.466
(40C); 1.467-1.473
(20C)
1.0 max
Prunus Amygdalus
(Sweet Almond)
Oil5;50;55;66;67
0.31
0.0612
0.186
0.991
0.0667
0.0381
-Tocopherol
(mg/g)
Squalene (mg/g)
-Sitosterol (mg/g)
Campesterol (mg/g)
Stigmasterol
< 0.5
-Tocohpherol
(mg/g)
Unsaponifiable
matters (%)
Hazel Seed
Oil55;62;63
57.2
89.4
1768
105.3
116.7
Cocos Nucifiera
(Coconut) Oil5;50;61
3.6
-Tocopherol
(mg/g)
Squalene (mg/g)
-Sitosterol (mg/g)
Campesterol (mg/g)
Stigmasterol
0.3 - 1; 1.0 max
Anacardium
Occidentale
(Cashew) Seed
Oil54
-Tocohpherol
(mg/g)
Unsaponifiable
matters (%)
Aleurites
Molucanna Seed
Oil [Kukui]50-53
0.301
0.0094
1.13
0.051
0.0555
0.021
0.5
Juglans Regia
(Walnut) Seed
Oil50;55;58
0.0603
0.0983
1.36
0.198
0.163
0.0879
< 1.0
Arachis Hypogaea
(Peanut) Oil5;50;55-57
23
Trace
0.185
1.51
0.0733
0.0383
0.122
Macadamia Nut
Oil55;58;64;65
116.2
1377.8
1325.4
26.9
577.5
82.9
Bertholletia
Excelsa Seed Oil
[Brazil]54;58
275.4
91.4
4685.9
236.8
663.3
15.6
Pistacia Vera Seed

Oil [Pistachio]54
3.0 - 10.0
Butyrospermum
Parkii (Shea)
Butter5;50;59;60
Table 4. Average chemical constituents for crude and refined oils.
0.0125
0.095
2.07
0.055
0.0517
0.4395
0.4 - 1.0
Prunus Amygdalus
(Sweet Almond)
Oil5;50;55;66;67
< 1.5
Butyrospermum
Parkii (Shea) Oil61
168.5
151.7
1572.4
52.2
340.4
12.2
0.35 - 40
Carya Illinoensis
(Pecan) Seed
Oil50;54;58
Arachis Hypogaea
(Peanut) Oil5;56;57
Fatty Acids
Caproic (C6)
Caprylic (C8)
Capric (C10)
Lauric (C12)
Myristic (C14)
(C15)
Palmitic (C16)
8-11
7.2-14.2; 7.0-16.0
Palmitoleic (C16:1)
0-1
Heptadecanoic
(C17)
(C17:1)
Stearic (C18)
1-3
1.1-5; 1.3-6.5
Oleic (C18:1)
5-8
33.3-71.2; 35.0-72.0
Linoleic (C18:2)
Trace - 2.5
12-47.5; 13.0-43.0
Linolenic (C18:3)
0-0.04; 0.6
Arachidic (C20)
0.17-2.7; 0.5-3.0
Eicosenoic (C20:1)
0.33-2.3; 0.5-2.1
Eicosadienoic
(C20:2)
Behenic (C22)
0.7-4.1; 1.0-5.0
Erucic (C22:1)
0.5
(C23)
Lignoceric (C24)
0.2-2.8; 0.5-3.0
Cocos Nucifiera
(Coconut) Oil15
0-1
5-9
6-10
44-52
13-19
30-41; 34.0-50.0
45-50; 38.0-50.0
4.0-5; 3.0-8.0
0.5 max
3
41.2-56.8
34.0-46.9
3.7-6.5
24
5.0-9.0; 3.0-9.0
3.8-4.1
1.0-2.0
Butyrospermum
Parkii (Shea)
Butter5;59;60
Butyrospermum
Parkii (Shea) Oil61
Table 5. Fatty acid composition.
0.5 - 3
9.0 - 30
57 - 76
2.0 - 16
3.0 - 7
Juglans Regia
(Walnut) Seed
Oil68
0.3 - 0.7
3.3 - 3.4; 0.5-8

54.8 - 64.2; 50-67
1.5-5
1.5 - 1.9; 0.5 max
2.4 - 2.7; 1.5-5
2.1 - 3.1; 1.5-3
2.0-3.0
70-77; 69
17 - 20
0.4
5.5-6.5; 6
0.1 - 1.4
0.7 - 0.8
8.0 - 9.2; 6.0-12.0
15.6 - 24.6; 12-25
Prunus Amygdalus
(Sweet Almond)
Oil5;50;66;67;69
Macadamia Nut
Oil2;64;65
1.8 - 2
40.6 - 79
16 - 50.3
0.7
Trace
1.2
0.1
3 - 4.3
0.1
Trace
6.7; 0.1-5
10.5; 10-35
48.5; 35-50
28.5; 24-40
1.5
1.0
5.5; 5-8
0.5
Aleurites
Molucanna Seed
Oil [Kukui]50;52;53
Behenic (C22)
0.2
Erucic (C22:1)
0.3
(C23)
Lignoceric (C24)
Fatty Acids
Caproic (C6)
Caprylic (C8)
Capric (C10)
Lauric (C12)
Myristic (C14)
(C15)
Palmitic (C16)
Palmitoleic (C16:1)
Heptadecanoic
(C17)
(C17:1)
Stearic (C18)
Oleic (C18:1)
Linoleic (C18:2)
Linolenic (C18:3)
Arachidic (C20)
Eicosenoic (C20:1)
Carya Illinoensis
(Pecan) Seed
Oil50;54
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
25
0.04 - 0.05
0.07 - 0.08
1.7 - 1.9; 1.0-6.0
80.7 - 82.6; 66-85
9.8 - 11.3; 7-25
0.2; 0.5-0.6
0.1
0.1 - 0.2
0.03 - 0.04
0.01
4.96 - 5.8; 5-9
0.2; 0.5-1.0
Corylus Avellana
(Hazel) Seed
Oil9;62;63
0.1
0.3
11.8
29.1
42.8
0.2
0.5
0.2
0.2
13.5
0.3
0.06
Bertholletia
Excelsa Seed Oil
[Brazil]54
Table 5. Fatty acid composition (continued).
0.3
0.6
0.9
58.2
30.3
0.4
0.6
0.6
7.4
0.7
0.09
Pistacia Vera Seed

Oil [Pistachio]54
0.4
0.3
8.7
57.2
20.8
0.2
1
0.3
0.1
9.9
0.4
0.07
Anacardium
Occidentale
(Cashew) Seed
Oil54
Frequency of Use
Leave-On
Rinse Off
Eye
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal
Deodorant
(underarm)
Hair - Noncoloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous
Membrane
Baby
Frequency of Use
Leave-On
Rinse Off
Eye
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal
Deodorant
(underarm)
Hair - Noncoloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous
Membrane
Baby
0.01 - 0.1
(2002 conc.)
0.3 - 3
0.1
1 - 76
0.004
0.4
0.5
1-3
0.004 - 11
0.004 - 76
0.004 - 76
0.01 - 2
0
0
11
0
0
1
1
(2001 conc.)
41
25
16
4
4
0
36
0
up to 100
Macadamia Integrifolia Nut Oil
0
0
21
13
8
0
1
0
15
26
0
28
208
191
17
22
11
2
170
Macadamia Nut Oil
0
0
4
4
0
0
0
0
4
14
3
1
33
533
471
62
16
33
12
493
Macadamia Ternifolia Nut Oil
0
0
10
9
1
0
0
0
9
Table 6. Frequency and concentration of use according to duration and exposure.14;15;26-29

No. of Uses Conc. of Use (%)
No. of Uses
Conc. of Use (%)
Hydrog. Sweet Almond Oil
Sodium Sweet Almondate
Cashew Oil
150
130
20
9
2
0
147
Hazel Nut Oil (C. Avellana)
18
134
2
13
117
1127
801
326
28
55
18
986

Sweet Almond Oil
0
0
Schinziophyton Rautanenii
Kernel Oil
6
3
3
0
0
0
3
0
0
10
9
1
0
0
0
10
No. of Uses
Conc. of Use (%)
Hazel Nut Oil (C. Americana)
Frequency of Use
Leave-On
Rinse Off
Eye
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal
Deodorant
(underarm)
Hair - Noncoloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous
Membrane
Baby
Frequency of Use
Leave-On
Rinse Off
Eye
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal
Deodorant
(underarm)
Hair - Noncoloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous
Membrane
Baby
18
0
2
27
3
0
0
18
0
0
105
79
26
7
10
0
102
0.5 - 39
2 - 50
(2008 conc.)
0.001 - 2
0.5 - 0.6
0.8 - 25
0.001 - 50
0.001 - 50
0.001 - 39
0.2 - 22
0.7 - 29
0.3 - 0.7
0.06 - 50
101
0
0
141
17
124
1
0
0
140
0.04 - 14
(2008 conc.)
0.03 - 0.3
-
0.04 - 14
0.03 - 14
0.03 - 14
Coconut Acid
Hydrog. Coconut Oil
158
105
53
7
6
0
133
8
7
1
1
0
0
8
27
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(2008 conc.)
6 - 10
6 - 10
6
10
Hydrog. Coconut Acid
0
0
13
12
1
1
3
0
13
0
0
9
0
9
0
0
0
9
(2008 conc.)
Magnesium Cocoate
0
0
15
12
3
1
0
0
14
Table 6. Frequency and concentration of use according to duration and exposure (continued).14;15;26-29
Conc. of Use
No. of Uses
No. of Uses
Conc. of Use (%)
No. of Uses Conc. of Use(%)
(%)
Pecan Nut Oil
Pistachio Nut Oil
Plukenetia Volubilis Seed Oil
Walnut Oil
Conc. of Use (%)
0.0005 - 41
0.01 - 0.3
(2008 conc.)
0.0001 - 13
0.005 - 2
0.1 - 16
0.01 - 80
0.2 - 51
0.1 - 26
0.0005 - 80
0.0001 - 80
0.005 - 80
0.0001 - 41
26
0
0
40
0
40
0
0
0
38
0.2 - 40
(2008 conc.)
15
0.003
-
0.3
0.3 - 40
0.003 - 40
0.3
0.003 - 40
Potassium Cocoate
15
176
69
5
176
798
372
426
25
44
10
548
Coconut Oil
No. of Uses
Frequency of Use
Leave-On
Rinse Off
Eye
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal
Deodorant
(underarm)
Hair - Non-coloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Baby
Frequency of Use
Leave-On
Rinse Off
Eye
Possible Ingestion
Inhalation
Dermal
Deodorant
(underarm)
Hair - Non-coloring
Hair - Coloring
Nail
Mucous Membrane
Baby
2
1 - 52
(2008 conc.)
1 - 52
1 - 52
1 - 52
0
0
0
2
0
4
2
2
0
0
0
4
2010 conc.
1
1
1
Hydrog. Shea Butter
71
0
0
241
5
340
12
328
0
0
0
269
(2001 conc.)
<25 - >50
5
0
0
0
1
38
33
5
7
2
0
33
2
2010 conc.
0.2 0.7
13
0.06 3
0.06 3
0.06 3
2
Shea Butter Unsapon.
21
0
0
2
0
74
53
21
4
0
2
53
28
58
0
4
11
0
Aleurites Seed Oil

141
87
54
6
1
15
76
0
0
0
0
0
12
12
0
0
0
0
12
0.0005 - 5
0.01 - 60
0.003 - 5
0.01 - 5
2010 conc.
0.1 - 8
0.5 - 26
0.001 - 3
0.001 - 45
0.0005 60
0.001 - 60
0.0005 - 30
12
14
0
10
0
55
18
37
1
0
1
29
Bertholletia Excelsa Oil
210
4
7
114
24
1950
1596
354
108
128
17
1724
Table 6. Frequency and concentration of use according to duration and exposure (continued).14;15;26-29
Conc. of Use
Conc. of Use
Conc. of Use
Conc. of Use
No. of Uses
No. of Uses
No. of Uses
No. of Uses
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
Sodium Cocoate
Peanut Oil
Hydrog. Peanut Oil
Shea Butter
0.01 1
0.6 1
2010 conc.
15
0.6 15
0.01 15
0.01 15
0.6 1
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
5
0
0
0
0
5
Gevuina Avellana Oil
0
0
0
6
0
22
16
6
1
0
0
22
Conc. of Use
(%)
Shea Butter Oil
No. of Uses
Table 7. Non-food, non-cosmetic uses of edible oils.5;51;68-72

Oil
Use
Almond
Pharmaceutical, energy source
Cashew
Folk remedies
Coconut
Lubricants, hydraulic fluid, paints, synthetic rubber, plastics,

illumination
Kukui
Wood preservative, varnishes, paint oil, illumination, soap making,

waterproofing paper, rubber substitute, insulating material
Peanut
Pharmaceutical, soap making, lubricants, emulsions for insect

control, diesel engine fuel
Shea
Walnut
Illumination
Paints, soap making
29
Reference List
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DC, Personal Care Products Council.
Ref Type: Edited Book
(2) Center for New Crops & Plant Products. Macadamia integrifolia Maiden & Betche and Macadamia tetraphylla L.
Johnson. NewCROP . 1-7-1998. Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, 625 Agriculture Mall
Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2010, Purdue University. 5-20-2010.
Ref Type: Online Source
(3) Storey W. The Ternifolia group of Macadamia species. Pacific Science 1965;19:507-514.
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(6) Loden M, Andersson A. Effect of topically applied lipids on surfactant-irritated skin. Br J Dermatol 1996;134:215220.
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(8) Davrieux F, Allal F, Piombo G et al. Near infrared spectroscopy for high-throughput characaterization shea tree
(Vitellaria paradoxa) nut fat profiles. J Agric Food Chem 2010.
(9) Oliveira I, Sousa A, Morais J et al. Chemical composition, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of three
hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) cultivars. Food Chem Toxicol 2008;46:1801-1807.
(10) Holcapek M, Jandera P, Zderadicka P, Hruba L. Characterization of triacylglycerol and diacylglycerol composition
of plant oils using high-performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass
spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2003;1010:195-215.
(11) Saraiva S, Cabral E, Eberlin M, Catharino R. Amazonian vegetable oils and fats: Fast typification and quality
control via triacylglycerol (TAG) profiles from dry matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight
(MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry fingerprinting. J Agric Food Chem 2009;57:4030-4034.
(12) Crevel RW, Kerkhoff MA, Koning MM. Allergenicity of refined vegetable oils. Food Chem Toxicol 2000;38:385393.
(13) Teuber S, Brown R, Haapanen L. Allergenicity of gourmet nut oils processed by different methods. J Allergy Clin
Immunol 1997;99:502-507.
(14) Andersen,F.A.(ed). Final report on the safety assessment of peanut (arachis hypogaea) oil, hydrogenated peanut oil,
peanut acid, peanut glycerides, and peanut (arachis hypogaea) flour. Int J Toxicol 2001;20:65-77.
(15) Burnett C, Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel, Andersen F. Final Report of the Cosmetic Ingredient Review
Expert Panel. Amended Safety Assessment of Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil, Coconut Acid, Hydrogenated Coconut
Oil, Ammonium Cocomonoglyceride Sulfate, Butylene Glycol Cocoate, Caprylic/Capric/Coco Glycerides,
Cocoglycerides, Coconut Alcohol, Coconut Oil Decyl Esters, Decyl Cocoate, Ethylhexyl Cocoate, Hydrogenated
Coco-Glycerides, Isodecyl Cocoate, Lauryl Cocoate, Magnesium Cocoate, Methyl Cocoate, Octyldodecyl Cocoate,
Pentaerythrityl Cocoate, Potassium Cocoate, Potassium Hydrogenated Cocoate, Sodium Cocoate, Sodium
Cocomonoglyceride Sulfate, Sodium Hydrogenated Cocoate, and Tridecyl Cocoate. Available from CIR 2008.
(16) Olszewski A, Pons L, Moutt F et al. Isolation and characterization of proteic allergens in refined peanut oil. Clin
Exp Allergy 1998;28:850-859.
30
(17) Ramazzotti M, Mulinacci N, Pazzagli L et al. Analytic investigations on protein content in refined seed oils:
implications in food allergy. Food Chem Toxicol 2008;46:3383-3388.
(18) European Medicines Agency (EMEA). Working party on herbal medicinal products. Final position paper on the
allergenic potency of herbal medicinal products containing soya or peanut protein. EMEA/HMPWP/37/04.
http://www ema europa eu/pdfs/human/hmpc/003704en pdf [serial online] 2004; Accessed April 12, 10 A.D.
(19) Pease RW. Webster's Medical Desk Dictionary. 1986. Springfield, MA, Merriam-Webster, Inc.
(20) Budavari S. The Merck Index: An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. 10th. 1989. Rahway, NJ,
Merck and Co.
(21) Wood GE. Aflatoxins in domestic and imported foods and feeds. J Assoc Anal Chem 1989;72:543-548.
(22) IARC. IARC monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans. [10], 51-72. 1976.
Lyon, France, IARC.
Ref Type: Serial (Book,Monograph)
(23) IARC monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans. Overall evaluations of
carcinogenicity: An updating of IARC Monographs volumes 1 to 42. [Supplement 7], 83-87. 1987. Lyon, France,
IARC.
(24) Wilson DM. Analytical methods for aflatoxins in corn and peanuts. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 1989;18:308-314.
(25) Food and Drug Administration (FDA). CPG Sec. 555.400 Foods - Adulteration with Alfatoxin. 12-9-2009. 6-212010.
(26) Andersen F. Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Corylus Avellana (Hazel) Seed Oil, Corylus Americana
(Hazel) Seed Oil, Corylus Avellana (Hazel) Seed Extract, Corylus Americana (Hazel) Seed Extract, Corylus
Rostrata (Hazel) Seed Extract, Corylus Avellana (Hazel) Leaf Extract, Corylus Americana (Hazel) Leaf Extract, and
Corylus Rostrata (Hazel) Leaf Extract. IJT 2001;20:15-20.
(27) Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Frequency of use of cosmetic ingredients. FDA database 2010.
(28) Personal Care Products Council. Updated Concentration of Use - Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter, et al.
Unpublished data. 7-26-2010.
Ref Type: Generic
(29) Andersen F. Annual Review of Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Assessments - 2002/2003. IJT 2005;24:1-102.
(30) James AC, Stahlhofen W, Rudolf G et al. Annexe D. Deposition of inhaled particles. Annals of the ICRP
1994;24:231-2.
(31) Oberdorster G, Oberdorster E, Oberdorster J. Nanotoxicology: An Emerging Discipline Evolving from Studies of
Ultrafine Particles. Environmental Health Perspectives 2005;113:823-839.
(32) Bower D. Unpublished information on hair spray particle sizes provided at the September 9, 1999 CIR Expert Panel
meeting. 1999.
(33) Johnson MA. The Influence of Particle Size. Spray Technology and Marketing 2004;November:24-27.
(34)
1976, Council Directive 1976/768/EEC of 27 July 1976 on the Approximation of the Laws of the Member States
Relating to Cosmetic Products, as amended through Commission Directive 2008/42/EC.: 2008.
31
(35) American Soybean Association. Soy Stats 2010 - World Vegetable Oil Consumption 2009. 2010. 4-14-2010.
(36) Elder R. Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Sweet Almond Oil and Almond Meal. JACT 1983;2:85-99.
(37) Said T, Dutot M, Christon R et al. Benefits and side effects of different vegetable oil vectors on apoptosis, oxidative
stress, and P2X7 cell death receptor activation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2007;48:5000-5006.
(38) Said T, Dutot M, Labbe A, Warnet J-M, Rat P. Ocular burn: Rinsing and healing with ionic marine solutions and
vegetable oils. Ophthalmologica 2009;223:52-59.
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(40) IARC. Epoxides. IARC Monographs[11], 125-209. 1976. 4-20-2010.
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detected in refined vegetable fats--B&R opinion no. 007/2009. 2009. 3-10-2009.
Ref Type: Report
(42) Weisshauer R. Fatty acid esters of 3-MCPD: overview of occurences in different types of foods. 2009. Chemisches
und Veterinaruntersuchungsaut (CUUA).
Ref Type: Report
(43) Singh B, Kale R, Rao A. Modulation of antioxidant potential in liver of mice by kernel oil of cashew nut
(Anacardium occidentale) and its lack of tumour promoting ability in DMBA induced skin papillomagenesis. Indian
J Exp Biol 2004;42:373-377.
(44) de Groot AC. Adverse Reactions to Cosmetics. Port Washington, NY: Scholium International, Inc, 1988.
(45) Yunginger J, Calobrisi S. Investigation of the allergenicity of a refined peanut oil-containing topical dermatologic
agent in persons who are sensitive to peanuts. Cutis 2001;68:153-155.
(46) Consumer Product Testing Co. Repeated insult patch test of a lipstick containing 0.509847% Plukentia Volubilis
Seed Oil. Experiment reference number: C08-5394.06. Unpublished data. 2008. Consumer Product Testing Co.
Ref Type: Generic
(47) Brown A, Koett J, Johnson D et al. Effectiveness of kukui nut oil as a topical treatment for psoriasis. Int J Toxicol
2005;44:684-687.
(48) Hirao A, Oiso N, Matsuda H, Kawara S, Kawada A. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis due to cashew nut oil.
Contact Dermatitis 2008;59:131-132.
(49) Sugiura K, Sugiura M. Di-isostearyl malate and macademia nut oil in lipstick caused cheilitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol
Venereol 2009;23:606-607.
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Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, 625 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2010, Purdue
University. 5-20-2010.
(52) John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd. Seatons Kukui Nut Oil. 2006. John L. Seaton & Co. Limited.
Ref Type: Generic
(53) John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd. Seatons Refined Kukui Nut Oil Specification. 2006. John L. Seaton & Co. Limited.
32
Ref Type: Generic

(54) Ryan E, Galvin K, O'Connor T, Maguire A, O'Brien N. Fatty acid profile, tocopherol, squalene and phytosterol
content of brazil, pecan, pine, pistachio and cashew nuts. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2006;57:219-228.
(55) Maguire L, O'Sullivan S, Galvin K, O'Connor T, O'Brien N. Fatty acid profile, tocopherol, squalene and phytosterol
content of walnuts, almonds, peanuts, hazelnuts and the macadamia nut. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2004;55:171-178.
(56) John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd. Arachis Oil BP/EP Specification. 2010. John L. Seaton & Co. Limited.
Ref Type: Generic
(57) John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd. Seatons Arachis Oil. 2005. John L. Season & Co.Limited.
Ref Type: Generic
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(almond, Brazil, pecan, macadamia and walnut) consumed in Southern Africa. J Environ Sci Health B 2007;42:585591.
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Ref Type: Generic
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Ref Type: Generic
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(62) John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd. Seatons Hazelnut Oil. 2005. John L. Seaton & Co. Limited.
Ref Type: Generic
(63) John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd. Seatons Refined Hazelnut Oil Specification. 2010. John L. Seaton & Co. Limited.
Ref Type: Generic
(64) John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd. Seatons Macadamia Nut Oil. 2005. John L. Seaton & Co. Limited.
Ref Type: Generic
(65) John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd. Seatons Refined Macadamia Nut Oil Specification. 2010. John L. Seaton & Co.
Limited.
Ref Type: Generic
(66) John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd. Seatons Refined Sweet Almond Oil Cosmetic Blend Specification. 2009. John L.
Seaton & Co. Limited.
Ref Type: Generic
(67) John L. Seaton & Co., Ltd. Seatons Sweet Almond Oil. 2005. John L. Seaton & Co. Limited.
Ref Type: Generic
(68) Center for New Crops & Plant Products. Juglans regia L. NewCROP . 1-7-1998. Department of Horticulture and
Landscape Architecture, 625 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2010, Purdue University. 5-202010.
(69) Center for New Crops & Plant Products. Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb. NewCROP . 1998. Department of
33
(70) Center for New Crops & Plant Products. Anacardium occidentale L. NewCROP . 12-22-1997. Department of
(71) Center for New Crops & Plant Products. Arachis hypogaea L. NewCROP . 1997. Department of Horticulture and
(72) Center for New Crops & Plant Products. Cocos nucifera L. NewCROP . 1996. Department of Horticulture and
34
Data
2010 FDA Frequency of Use Raw Data
01A - Baby Shampoos

02B - Bubble Baths
03B - Eyeliner
03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
03F - Mascara
06G - Hair Bleaches
07B - Face Powders
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
07F - Makeup Bases
11E - Shaving Cream
11F - Shaving Soap
12A - Cleansing
12B - Depilatories
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
PRUNUS AMYGDALUS DULCIS (SWEET ALMOND) OIL


1
13
4
25
10
6
1
2
1
5
3
9
7
2
4
40
8
27
29
12
2
1
3
55
1
9
9
1
1
2
64
2
29
5
1
7
1
3
59
11
45
200
4
266
22
25
7
72
5
5
1

12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
BITTER ALMOND OIL

BITTER ALMOND OIL
BITTER ALMOND OIL
BITTER ALMOND OIL
BITTER ALMOND OIL
BITTER ALMOND OIL
BITTER ALMOND OIL
BITTER ALMOND OIL
BITTER ALMOND OIL
BITTER ALMOND OIL
BITTER ALMOND OIL
2
8
5
1
2
1
3
4
1
1
3

07E - Lipstick
11F - Shaving Soap
12F - Moisturizing
HYDROGENATED SWEET ALMOND OIL

1
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
2
7
1
SODIUM SWEET ALMONDATE

12F - Moisturizing
ANACARDIUM OCCIDENTALE (CASHEW) SEED OIL

1
3
4
2

12G - Night
CORYLUS AMERICANA (HAZEL) SEED OIL

1
4
2
1
1
1

03D - Eye Lotion
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
CORYLUS AVELLANA (HAZEL) SEED OIL

1
2
1
8
1
1
1
2
1
1
5
41
30
22
7
10
14
1
1

03F - Mascara
07E - Lipstick
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
MACADAMIA INTEGRIFOLIA SEED OIL

1
3
1
1
1
4
1
9
4
7
8
1
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
03B - Eyeliner
03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
03F - Mascara
07B - Face Powders
07E - Lipstick
07F - Makeup Bases
07G - Rouges
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
MACADAMIA NUT OIL

MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
MACADAMIA NUT OIL
8
9
1
1
3
2
3
4
1
1
7
3
11
11
5
6
1
27
5
24
18
31
7
3
1
6
3
5

03B - Eyeliner
03D - Eye Lotion
03F - Mascara
07B - Face Powders
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
07F - Makeup Bases
07G - Rouges
11E - Shaving Cream
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
MACADAMIA TERNIFOLIA SEED OIL


12F - Moisturizing
SCHINZIOPHYTON RAUTANENII KERNEL OIL

1
1
1
1
1
1

12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
CARYA ILLINOENSIS (PECAN) SEED OIL

1
1
1
2
1
2
01A - Baby Shampoos

02B - Bubble Baths
03B - Eyeliner
03C - Eye Shadow
03F - Mascara
07B - Face Powders
07E - Lipstick
07F - Makeup Bases
PISTACIA VERA SEED OIL

2
1
3
4
1
2
1
1
1
2
3
7
4
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
4
2
4
8
3
1
5
7
5
6
8
7
3
1
3
1
33
1
4
7
1
6
6
1
1
17
32
90
2
195
17
6
1
41
1
3
09A - Dentifrices
09B - Mouthwashes and Breath Fresheners
11F - Shaving Soap
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night

2
2
13
2
1
1
5
28
14
28
1
5
6
7

07E - Lipstick
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night

1
3
4
2
2
1

03D - Eye Lotion
12F - Moisturizing
JUGLANS REGIA (WALNUT) SEED OIL

2
1
1
2
7
1
1

03B - Eyeliner
07B - Face Powders
07C - Foundations
11E - Shaving Cream
11F - Shaving Soap
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
COCONUT ACID
COCONUT ACID
COCONUT ACID
COCONUT ACID
COCONUT ACID
COCONUT ACID
COCONUT ACID
COCONUT ACID
COCONUT ACID
COCONUT ACID
COCONUT ACID
COCONUT ACID
COCONUT ACID
COCONUT ACID
COCONUT ACID
COCONUT ACID

COCOS NUCIFERA (COCONUT) OIL
02B - Bubble Baths
03B - Eyeliner
03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
04A - Cologne and Toilet waters
06A - Hair Dyes and Colors (all types requiring caution statements and patch tests)COCOS NUCIFERA (COCONUT) OIL
06B - Hair Tints
06G - Hair Bleaches
07B - Face Powders
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
11E - Shaving Cream
12A - Cleansing
12B - Depilatories
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
03B - Eyeliner
03C - Eye Shadow
07B - Face Powders
07C - Foundations
HYDROGENATED COCONUT OIL

1
1
1
2
8
99
2
1
15
1
5
1
1
1
1
1
8
7
3
1
11
7
3
4
3
8
3
1
5
50
21
28
40
37
65
1
3
3
3
4
1
44
12
2
3
147
14
6
9
20
4
13
65
1
82
3
3
3
24
13
8
2
1
2
3
1
1
2
1
3
4
07E - Lipstick
11E - Shaving Cream
11F - Shaving Soap
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing

10
4
16
2
1
1
3
10
7
21
1
9
2
MAGNESIUM COCOATE

11E - Shaving Cream
11F - Shaving Soap
12A - Cleansing
POTASSIUM COCOATE
POTASSIUM COCOATE
POTASSIUM COCOATE
POTASSIUM COCOATE
POTASSIUM COCOATE
POTASSIUM COCOATE
2
18
8
3
1
8

02B - Bubble Baths
11E - Shaving Cream
11F - Shaving Soap
12A - Cleansing
SODIUM COCOATE
SODIUM COCOATE
SODIUM COCOATE
SODIUM COCOATE
SODIUM COCOATE
SODIUM COCOATE
SODIUM COCOATE
SODIUM COCOATE
SODIUM COCOATE
SODIUM COCOATE
SODIUM COCOATE
SODIUM COCOATE
SODIUM COCOATE
SODIUM COCOATE
5
3
1
65
1
4
226
12
1
2
2
12
1
5
03D - Eye Lotion

12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
ARACHIS HYPOGAEA (PEANUT) OIL

1
3
8
7
6
1
2
5
16
6
2
7
3
5
1
1

12G - Night
HYDROGENATED PEANUT OIL

3
5
3
1

02B - Bubble Baths
03B - Eyeliner
03C - Eye Shadow
03D - Eye Lotion
03F - Mascara
BUTYROSPERMUM PARKII (SHEA BUTTER)

19
5
9
1
3
3
9
10
52
1
5
28
7

07B - Face Powders
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
07F - Makeup Bases
07G - Rouges
11E - Shaving Cream
12A - Cleansing
12B - Depilatories
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night

64
2
23
2
32
50
37
1
3
9
1
15
128
4
1
41
4
2
1
59
2
42
17
1
7
2
45
2
153
269
8
516
84
21
4
107
11
21
7

02B - Bubble Baths
03D - Eye Lotion
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
BUTYROSPERMUM PARKII (SHEA BUTTER) OIL

1
2
1
3
12
2
1

03B - Eyeliner
03C - Eye Shadow
07B - Face Powders
07C - Foundations
07E - Lipstick
12F - Moisturizing
BUTYROSPERMUM PARKII (SHEA BUTTER) UNSAPONIFIABLES

1
3
4
1
2
2
3
4
1
2
5
1
8
1

12F - Moisturizing
HYDROGENATED SHEA BUTTER

HYDROGENATED SHEA BUTTER
2
2

02B - Bubble Baths
03D - Eye Lotion
03F - Mascara
05H - Wave Sets
07E - Lipstick
11E - Shaving Cream
12A - Cleansing
12F - Moisturizing
12G - Night
ALEURITES MOLUCCANA SEED OIL

5
1
2
3
1
8
15
7
1
15
12
1
7
1
1
2
1
2
3
1
3
2
14
23
1
5
1
1
2
02B - Bubble Baths

BERTHOLLETIA EXCELSA SEED OIL
03D - Eye Lotion
06A - Hair Dyes and Colors (all types requiring caution statements and patch tests)BERTHOLLETIA EXCELSA SEED OIL
07C - Foundations
12F - Moisturizing
3
1
5
5
2
14
1
3
4
2
1
1
11
1
1

12F - Moisturizing
2
2
1
GEVUINA AVELLANA OIL

Personal Carei
Products Council
Memorandum
TO:

Director COSMETIC INGREDIENT REVIEW (Cifi)
-
[i to
FROM:
John Bailey, Ph.15EZ\3_i_.._O___..

DATE:
June 29, 2010
SUBJECT:
HRIPT of a Lipstick Containing Plukenetia Volubilis Seed Oil
Consumer Product Testing Co. 2008. Repeated insult patch test of a lipstick containing 0.509847%
Plukenetia Volubilis Seed Oil. Experiment Reference Number C08-5394.06.
1101 17th Street, N.W., Suite 30O Washington, D.C. 20036-4702
202.331.1770
202.331.1969 (fax)
Personal Care
Products Counci
Memorandum
TO:

Director COSMETIC INGREDIENT REVIEW (CW)
-
FROM:
John Bailey,
DATE:
July 19, 2010
SUBJECT:
Composition and specifications of 6 nut oils
John L Seaton & Co Ltd. 2005. Seatons Arachis Oil Data sheet.
John L Seaton & Co Ltd. 2010. Arachis Oil BP/EP Specification.
John L Seaton & Co Ltd. 2005. Seatons Shea Nut Butter Data sheet.
John L Seaton & Co Ltd. 2009. Seatons Refined Shea Nut Butter Specification.
John L Seaton & Co Ltd. 2005. Seatons Hazelnut Oil Data sheet.
John L Seaton & Co Ltd. 2010. Seatons Refined Hazelnut Oil Specification.
John L Seaton & Co Ltd. 2005. Seatons Macadamia Oil Data sheet.
John L Seaton & Co Ltd. 2010. Seatons Refined Macadamia Oil Specification.
John L Seaton & Co Ltd. 2006. Seatons Kukui Nut Oil Data sheet.
John L Seaton & Co Ltd. 2006. Seatons Refined Kukui Nut Oil Specification.
John L Seaton & Co Ltd. 2005. Seatons Sweet Almond Oil Data sheet.
John L Seaton & Co Ltd. 2009. Seatons Refined Sweet Almond Oil Cosmetic Blend Specification.
202.331.1770
202.331.1969 (fax)
Seatons Arachis Oil

Origin
Also know as peanut oil and groundnut oil, arachis oil is obtained from the seed kernels of
Arachis hypogaea (L) which is grown in some parts of Europe, Africa, India and China. It
is refined to give pale yellow oil with a slight odour and mild taste.
Characteristics and applications
Arachis oil has traditionally been used in sunscreens and after sun formulations. It can
also be used in products to treat dry skin conditions.
Range available
R & D arachis oil to meet BP, EP and USP specs

Organic arachis oil
Typical properties
Free fatty acids
Iodine value
Relative density @ 20C
Refractive index @ 40C
Colour, Lovibond 5.25 cell
Required HLB value
0.5 max
80- 106
185 195
0.9 12 0.920
1.462 1.464
20 yellow, 2.5 red max
6
Typical fatty acid profile

Palmitic
C16
Stearic
C18
C18:1
Oleic
Linoleic
C18:2
Linolenic
C18:3
7- 16%
1 6%
35 72%
13 43%
0.6% max
Registration information
INCI name
CAS number
EINECS number
Arachis Hypogaea Oil

8002-03-7
232-296-4
Specifications, starting formulations and MSDS are available on request.
Non-warranty
Information in this leaflet is given in good faith. John L Seaton & Co Ltd and its associate companies cannot assume
any liability expressed or implied in the presentation of this data, nor should information contained herein be construed
as granting licence to practise any methods or compositions of matter covered by British or other patents. Details are
correct at the date of issue (April 2005).
John L Seaton & Co Ltd
First Floor 7 Waterside Business Park Livingstone Road
Hessle East Yorkshire HU13 OEG United Kingdom
Tel + 44 (0)1482 579700 Fax + 44 (0)1482 647313
Website www.croda.com/seatons
Email cosmetic@seatons-uk.co.uk
Specification
Product
Arachis Oil BP/EP
Definition
Arachis oil is the fixed oil obtained from the shelled seeds of Arachis hypogaea
(L) and further refined. It conforms to the monograph contained in the British
Pharmacopoeia 2010 and European Pharmacopoeia 6.0.
Characteristics
A clear, yellowish, viscous oil.

Very slightly soluble in alcohol, miscible with light petroleum
Relative density about 0.915. It solidifes at about 2C.
JLS specification number
P9046
Test
Range
Mm
Acid value
Peroxide value
Alkaline impurities
Saturated fatty acids of
Max
0.5
Methods as described in the
5.0
British Pharmacopoeia
1.0% w/w
Complies with the test for alkaline

impurities in fatty oils
Moisture content (if intended for the

use in parenteral forms)
Fatty acid composition
Method
Mm
-
0.3%
Max
0.4%
chain length less than C16

C16:0 Palmitic acid
7.0%
16.0%
C18:0 Stearic acid
1.3%
6.5%
C18:1 Oleic acid
35.0%
72.0%
C18:2 Linoleic acid
13.0%
C18:3 Linolenic acid
43.0%
0.6%
C20:0 Arachidic acid
0.5%
3.0%
C20:1 Eicosenoic acid
0.5%
2.1%
C22:0 Behenic acid
1.0%
5.0%
C22:1 Erucic acid

C24:0 Lignoceric acid
0.5%
0.5%
3.0%
Storage conditions
Arachis oil should be kept in a well filled, well closed container and protected
from light.
Issued by
PA Bentley
Date of issue
Confirmed
August2009
January 2010
Supplied under a quality management system registered to ISO 9001

Non-warranty
The information in this publication is believed to be accurate and is given in good faith but no representation or warranty as to its completeness or accuracy is made.
Suggestions for uses or applications are only opinions. Users are responsible for determining the suitability of these products for their own particular purpose.
No representation or warranty, express or implied, is made with respect to information or products including without limitation warranties of merchantability or fitness
for a particular purpose or non-infnngement of any third party patent or other intellectual property rights induding without limit copyright, trademark and designs.
Any trademarks identified herein are trademarks 0
f the Croda group of companies.
John L Seaton & Co Limited

Hessle East Yorkshire HU 13 OEG England
Tel +44 (0)1482 579700 Fax +44(0)1482 647313
Website www.seatons-uk.co.uk
Email enquirieaaeatons-uk.co.uk CIR Panel Book Page 213
Seatons Shea Nut Butter

Origin
Shea nut butter is a rich buttery oil produced by cold pressing the fruits of the shea tree
(Butyrospermum parkii), which is grown in central Africa. Shea trees are hard to
domesticate and only start bearing fruit after 15/20 years. Each tree bears on average 1520 kg of fruit which yield just 1 .5kg of butter. Shea nut buffer is also known as Karite butter
and is a creamy white/off white solid at room temperature.
Shea nut butter has skin soothing and replenishing properties so is mainly used in
products for the protection of dry and cracked skin. It can also be used in soaps as it has
a relatively high melting point.
Range available
Refined shea nut buffer

Organic shea nut buffer
Typical properties
Acid value
Iodine value
Slip melting point
Required HLB value
1.5 max
45-73
165-190
20 yellow, 3 red max
28 42CC
8

Palmitic
C16
Stearic
C18
Oleic
C18:1
Linoleic
C18:2
Linolenic
C18:3
3-9%
34-48%
38-50%
3-8%
0.5% max
Monounsaturated fatty acids

Saturated fatty acids
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
Trans fatty acids
45%
47%
6%
0
INCI name
CAS number
EINECS number
Butyrospermum Parkii Butter

68956-68-3
273-313-5
Specification and MSDS available on request.
Non-warranty
correct at the date of issue (April 2005),
Tel + 44 (0)1482 579700 Fax + 44(0)1482647313
Email cosmetics@seatons-uk.co.uk
Specification
Product
Seatons Refined Shea Nut Butter
Description
Speciality vegetable oil obtained from the kernels of the Shea tree
(Butyrospermum parkii)
P9010
Test
Range
Mm
Method
Max
Physical Properties
Appearance
Off white / yellow solid
Visual
Chemical Properties
Free fatty Acid content (% as oleic)
Iodine Value (gI
JlOOg oil)
2
Peroxide value 2
(meqO
l
kg)
45
-
1.0
73
BS 684: Section 2.13
5.0
Fatty Acid Profile (main acids)
GLC
C16:0 Palmitic acid
2.0
8.0%
Cl 8:0 Stearic acid
36.0
50.0%
C18:1 Oleic acid
40.0
50.0%
C18:2 Linoleic acid
4.0
8.0%
C20:0 Arachidic acid
3.0%
Issued by: P.A.Bentley

Date of issue: December 2009
Supplied under a quality management system registered to Iso 9001

Non-warranty
The information in this publication is believed to be accurate and is given in good faith but no representation or warranty as to its completeness or accuracy is made.
No representahon or warranty. eopress or implied, is made with rasped to information or products including without limitation warranties of merchantability or fitness
for a particular purpose or non-infringement of any third party patentor other intellectual property rights including without limit copyright, trademark and designs.
My trademarks identified herein are trademarks of the Croda group of companies.
John L Seaton & Co limited

First Floor 7 Waterside Susiness Park Livingstone Road
Tel +44 (0)1482 579700 Fax +44 (0)1482 647313

Email enquiries@seatons-uk.co.uk
Seatons Hazelnut Oil

Origin
Hazelnut oil is produced from the nut kernels of the hazelnut shrub, grown in West Africa.
The oil is extracted by mechanical pressing followed by filtration and the oil can be further
refined.
Hazelnut is rich in vitamins and is easily absorbed into skin where it nourishes and
revitalises all skin types. Hazelnut oil is said to tone and tighten the skin and helps
maintain firmness and elasticity. It spreads onto skin easily, is lubricating, and therefore is
a very good base oil for massage. It also makes a good bath oil.
Range available
Cold pressed hazelnut oil

Refined hazelnut oil
Organic hazelnut oil
Typical properties
Acid value
Iodine value
Relative density @ 15.5C
0.6 max (refined)

85 97
188 195
0.912 0.917
1.467 1.474

Palmitic
C16
Palmitoleic
C16:1
Stearic
C18
Oleic
C18:1
Linoleic
C18:2
Linolenic
C18:3
5 9%
0.5% max
1 -4%
66 83%
8 25%
0.6% max
INCI name
CAS number
EINECS number

68956-68-3
273-313-5
Non-warranty

Tel + 44(0)1482579700 Fax + 44(0)1482647313
Specification
Product
Seatons Refined Hazlenut Oil
Description
Speciality vegetable oil
P9062
Test
Range
Mm
Colour
Saponification value (mgKOH/g)

Peroxide 2
(meqO
l
kg)
Free fatty acid content (% as oleic)
Iodine value 2
(g1
/
1 COg)
187
-
Method
Max
25 Yellow 2.5 Red
Lovibond 5.25 cell
197
BS 684 : Section 2.6
10.0
0.2
83
90
5.0
9.0%
Fatty acid profile
GLC
C16:0
Palmitic acid
C16:1
Palmitoleic acid
018:0
Stearic acid
2.0
6.0%
018:1
Oleic acid
68
85%
C18:2
Linoleic acid
7.0
15.0%
018:3
Linolenic acid
1.0%
0.5%

Date of issue: May 2010
Non-warranty
The information in this publication in belieued to be accurate and is given in good faith but no representation or warranty as to its completeness or accuracy is made.
No representation or warranty, eupress or implied, is made with respect to information or products including without limitation warranties of merchantability or fitness
for a particular purpose or non-infringement of any third party patent or other intellectual property rights including without limit copyright, trademark and designs.
Any trademarks identified herein are trademarks of the Croda group of companies.
John L Seaton & Co Umited

First Floor 7 Waterside Business Park Livingutone Road
Tel +44 (0)1482 579700 Fax +44 (0)1482 6473 13
Email enquiries@seatons_uk.co.uk
Seatons Macadamia Oil

Origin
Macadamia oil is the oil extracted from the nuts of the macadamia tree (Macadamia
ternifolia). The oil is a golden yellow colour, which after refining becomes pale yellow.
Macadamia oil is unique in that it contains a high percentage of palmitoleic acid. It is a
highly emollient oil with anti-ageing properties and is a good conditioning agent for dry and
mature skin. It is easily absorbed into the skin and promotes skin suppleness. The oil can
be used in a wide range of skin preparations and sun care products.
Range available
Cold pressed macadamia oil

Refined macadamia oil
Organic macadamia oil
Typical properties
Free fatty acids
Iodine value
Relative density20C
0.5 Max
70 80
190 -200
0.911 -0.918

Required HLB value
1.466
7

Palmitic
C16
Palmitoleic
C16:1
Stearic
C18
Oleic
C18:1
Linoleic
C18:2
Linolenic
C18:3
Arachic
C20
Gadoleic
C20:1
Others
7.5 10%
1624%
2-4%
53-67%
1.5-4%
0.5% max
1.5 3%
1.5 3%
7% max
Monounsaturated fatty acids

Saturated fatty acids
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
Trans fatty acids
82%
14%
4%
0
INCI name
CAS number
EINECS number
Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil

128497-20-1 and 129811-19-4
273-313-5
1.470
Non-warranty
Tel + 44(0)1482 579700 Fax + 44(0)1482647313
Specification
Product
Seatons Refined Macadamia Oil
Description
P9014
Test
Range
Mm
Appearance
Clear light yellow oil
Peroxide (meqO
lkg)
2
10.0
Free fatty acid content (% as oleic)

/lOOg)
2
Iodine value (g1
Method
Max
62
Visual
1.0
82
Fatty acid profile
GLC
C16:0
Palmitic acid
6.0
12.0%
C16:1
Palmitoleic acid
12.0
25.0%
C18:0
Stearicacid
0.5
8.0%
C18:1
Oleic acid
50.0
67.0%
C18:2
Linoleic acid
C20:0
Arachidic acid
5.0%
5.0%

Date of issue: January 2010
Non-warranty
The informahon in this publication is believed to be accurate and is given in good faith but no representation or warranty as to its completeness or accuracy is made.
No representation or warranty, eopress or implied, is made with respect to information or products including without limitation warranties of merchantability or fitness
for a particular purpose or noninfringenient of any third party patent or other intellectual property rights including without limit copyright, trademark and designs.
Any trademarks identified herein are trademarks of the Crude group of companies,

Tel +44 (0)1482 579700 Fax +44 (0)1482 647313
Email enquiries@seatons_uk.co.uk
Seatons Kukul Nut Oil

Origin
Kukui nut oil is pressed from the nuts of the tropical kukul nut tree (Aleurites molucana).
These tree grow mainly in Hawaii, Indonesia and Malaysia and are also known as
candle/candleberry, kemiri nut, lumbang and varnish trees.
The Hawaiians have used kukui nut oil for centuries to protect and heal skin that is
exposed to the sun, wind and salt water. The oil is high in essential fatty acids and is
easily absorbed by the skin where it softens, moisturises and helps soothe and renew dry,
mature, sunburnt, sensitive and problem skin. Kukui nut oil is especially useful in facial
skin care products as it is light, non greasy and is said to be able to penetrate the stratum
corneum leaving a semi permeable barrier containing both saturated and unsaturated fatty
acids. It is also a good choice of oil for bar soaps, bath gels, massage and baby care
products.
Range available
Pressed kukui nut oil

Refined kukui nut oil
Typical properties
Appearance
Free fatty acids
Iodine value
Relative density @ 15.5C
Clear yellow liquid

2% max (refined grade)
130 175
185-210
0.920 0.940
1.470-1.480

Palmitic
C16
Stearic
C18
Oleic
C18:1
Linoleic
C18:2
Alpha LinoIenicCl8:3
5-8%
2 5%
15- 30%
35 45%
24 34%
INCI name
CAS number
EINECS number

8015-80-3 & 68956-68-3
273-313-5
Specification and MSDS are available on request.
Non-warranty
correct at the date of issue (June 2006).

Tel + 44(0)1482 579700 Fax + 44 (0)1 482 647313
Email cosmetic@seatons-uk.co.uk
Specification
Product
Seatons Refined Kukui Nut Oil
Description
J9073-00
Test
Range
Mm
Physical status
25C
Colour
Method
Max
Liquid
Visual
Light yellow
Visual
Peroxide value meqO

lkg
2
5.0
Acid value
1.0
Density
AOCS Cd3a-63
1.0%
@ 20C
0.920
0.930
ASTM D1298-85
Refractive Index
1.470
1.480
ASTM D1248-92
Iodine value g1
/100g
2
130
175
AOCS Tg2a-64
Saponification value mgKOH/g
185
210
ISO 3657-1 988
6.0%
7.0%

C16:0 Palmitic
C16:1 Palmitoleic
0.5%
C18:0 Stearic
0.1%
C18:1 Oleic
10.0%
C18:2 Linoleic
35%
50%
C18:3 x-Linolenic
25.0%
40.0%
35.0%
C20:0 Arachidic
1.5%
C20:1 Eicosenoic
1.0%
Issued by
Authorised by
S M Pritchard
P A Bentley
Non-warranty
Information in this leaflet is given in good faith. John L Seaton & Co Ltd and its associate companies cannot assume any
liability expressed or implied in the presentation of this data, nor should information contained herein be construed as
granting licence to practise any methods or compositions of matter covered by British or other patents. Specification
details are correct at the date of issue.
Updated April 2006
John L Seaton & Co limited
First Floor, 7 Waterside Business Park. Livingstone Road
Hessle, East Yorkshire, HU 13 OEG, United Kingdom
Tel + 44(0)1482579700 Fax + 44(0)1482647313
Website: www.croda.com/seatons
Email: cosmetics@seatons-uk.co.uk
Supplied under a quality system

registered to ISO 9001 :2000
Seatons Sweet Almond Oil

Origin
Sweet almond oil is the fixed oil extracted from the kernels of almonds (Prunus amygdalus
dulcis), which are commonly grown in Mediterranean countries and the west coast of
America. It is also known as almond oil. The kernels are mechanically pressed and the
kernels yield 40-50% oil. This oil can then be refined to give a pale yellow, viscous oil with
a characteristic mild odour and taste.
Sweet almond oil is rich in oleic and linoleic fatty acids and also contains vitamins A, Bi,
B2 and B6 as well as a small amount of vitamin E. It is widely used in cosmetic
formulations as a skin conditioning agent due to its penetrating, smoothing, softening and
moisturising properties. As it can protect and nourish a wide range of skin types and can
calm irritations caused by eczema it is an excellent choice of ingredient for moisturising
preparations. The oil is also reported to be particularly good at treating dry, brittle nails.
As sweet almond oil blends well with many other oils and is a good general lubricating oil
it is ideal for use as a massage oil and a carrier oil for aromatherapy.
Range available
Refined almond oil cosmetics blend

Refined almond oil which conforms to BP and EP specifications
Organic almond oil
Typical properties
Free fatty acids
Iodine value
Relative density @ 20C
Required HLB value
1% max
93-105
185-195
0.911-0.920
1.467-1.473
3.5R max
7

Palmitic
C16
Stearic
C18
Oleic
C18:1
Linoleic
C18:2
Linolenic
C18:3
6%
3%
69%
17%
0.4%
INCI name
CAS number
EINECS number
Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis Oil

8007-69-0
273-313-5
Specifications, MSDS and starting formulations are available on request.
Non-warranty
Information in this leaflet is given in good faith. John L Seaton & co Ltd and its associate companies cannot assume

Tel + 44 (0)1 482 579700 Fax + 44 (0)1 482 647313
Specification
Product
Seatons Refined Sweet Almond Oil Cosmetic Blend
Description
A blend of refined sweet almond oil and other refined vegetable oils
P9053
Test
Range
Max
Mm
Appearance
Specific gravity
Refractive
Method
Clear, light yellow liquid
@
Index @ 20C
20C
Saponification value (mgKOH/g)
0.910
BS 718
1.465
1.475
BS 684: Section 1.2
185
200
BS 684: Section 2.6
10.0
lkg)
2
Peroxide (meqO
Acid value (mgKOH/g)
Iodine value gl
/lOOg
2
95
0.5
109
Fatty acid profile (main acids)

C16:0
Palmitic acid
C16:1
Palmitoleic acid
C18:0
Stearic acid
Visual
0.930
GLC
3.0
9.0%
2.0%
1.0
3.0%
75.0%
C18:1
Oleic acid
60.0
C18:2
Linoleic acid
20.0
C18:3
Linolenic acid
30.0%
0.5%
C20:0
Arachidic acid
0.3%
C20:1
Gadoleic acid
0.3%
C22:0
Behenic acid
0.8%
C24:0
Lignoceric acid
0.5%

Date of issue: October 2009
Supplied Under a quality management system registered to ISO 9001
Non-warranty
The information In this publication is believed to be accurate and is given in good faith but no representation or warranty as to its completeness or accuracy is macfe
No representation or warranty, express or implied, is made with respect to information or products including without limitation warranties of merchantability or fitness
for a particular purpose or non-infringement of any third party patent or other intellectual property rights induding without limit copyright, trademark and designs.
My trademarks identified herein are trademarks of the Croda group of companies.

Tel +44 (0)1482 579700 Fax +44 (0)1482 647313
Email etnquiriesseatons-uk.co.uk CIR Panel Book Page 215
Personal Care
Products Council
Memorandum
TO:

-
FROM:
John Bailey, Ph.D.

Industry Liaison to the Cifi Expert Panel
DATE:
July 26, 2010
SUBJECT:
Updated Concentration of Use Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter
The 80% face product in the original table is actually a mask that is diluted to 30% Butyrospermum
Parkii (Shea) Butter before use. The attached updated table reflects this change.
1101 17th Street, N.W., Suite 30O Washington, D.C. 20036-4702
202.331.1770
202.331.1969 (fax)
Concentration of Use Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter, Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea)

Butter Extract, Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter Unsaponifiables, Butyrospermum Parkii
(Shea) Nut Extract, Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Nut Shell Powder, Butyrospermum Parkii
(Shea) Oil, Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Seedcake Extract, Coco/Shea Butter Glycerides,
Hydrogenated Shea Butter, Hydrolyzed Shea Seedcake Extract, PEG-50 Shea Butter, PEG-60 Shea
Butter Glycerides, PEG-75 Shea Butter Glycerides, Polyglyceryl-4 Almondate/Shea Butterate,
Polyglyceryl-3 Soyate/Shea Butterate, Shea Butteramide/Castoramide DEA, Shea Butter Cetyl
Esters, Shea Butter Decyl Esters, Shea Butter Glycereth-8 Esters, Shea Butter Glyceride, Shea
Butter Glycerides, Shea Butter Oleyl Esters, Shea Butter PEG-12 Dimethicone Esters, Shea Butter
PEG-8 Esters and Shea Butter Polyglyceryl-6 Esters*
-
Ingredient
Product Category
Concentration
of Use
Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter
Baby lotions, oils powders and

creams
0.1-5%
Other baby products
0.0 1-0.3%
1%
Eyebrow pencil
0.1-6%
Eyeliner
0.1-8%
Eye shadow
0.5-6%
Eye lotion
0.5-7%
Mascara
0.5%
Perfumes
0.2-0.8%
0.00 1-1%
Hair conditioners
0.0005-1%
Hair straighteners
0.1-1%
0.001-1%
Tonics, dressings and other hair

grooming aids
0.1-2%
Other hair preparations

(noncoloring)
0.5-3%
0.1-1%
Face powders
0.2-2%
Foundations
0.4-20%
Page 1 of 6
Leg and body paints
6%
Lipstick
0.5-26%

1
1-6%
Cuticle softener
18-60%
2-25%
0.05%
3%
0.01%
0.003-3%
1%

2
0.1-5%
Butyrospermum Paridi (Shea) Butter
Aftershave lotions
0.2-4%
Shaving cream (aerosol, brushless

and lather)
0.0 1-2%
Skin cleansing (cold creams,

cleansing lotions, liquids and pads)
0.03-10%
Depilatories
0.3%
Face and neck creams, lotions and

powders
0.04-19%
Body and hand creams, lotions and

powders
0.4-45%
1%
1-3%
Moisturizing creams, lotions and

powders
0.003-11%
0.03-6%
0.1-30%
0.01-16%
0.5-8%
2%
Page 2 of 6
Butyrospemum Paridi (Shea) Butter
Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter Extract
0.03%
Bubble baths
1%
0.03-1%
Eyebrow pencil
0.2%
Eye lotion
0.5-2%
Hair conditioners
0.0 1%

grooming aids
1%

(noncoloring)
1%
Foundations
0.009%
Lipstick
0.1-6%
0.0 1%
0.03-1%
0.03%
0.03%

0.006-1%
Depilatories
0.0 1-0.3%

powders
2%
Body and hand creams lotions and

powders
0.02-5%
0.5-1%
0.3%
0.1%
0.5%

Unsaponifiables
Eyebrow pencil
0.2%
Eyeliner
0.7%
Page 3 of 6
]_1%
Unsaponifiables
Unsaponifiables
Eye shadow
0.4%

Unsaponifiables

(noncoloring)
2%

Unsaponifiables
0.06%

Unsaponifiables
Face powders
0.2-1%

Unsaponifiables
Lipstick
1-3%

Unsaponifiables
Rouges
0.06%

Unsaponifiables

powders
3%

Unsaponifiables

powders
1%

Unsaponifiables
2%

Unsaponifiables
2%
1%
Bubble baths
1%
Lipstick
15%
0.01-1%
0.6%
Aftershave lotions
1%

1%
1%

1%
1%
Page 4 of 6
powders
1%
PEG-50 Shea Butter
Other baby products

3
0.1%
PEG-50 Shea Butter
2%
PEG-50 Shea Butter
Hair conditioners
0.00 1%
PEG-50 Shea Butter
0.001%
PEG-50 Shea Butter

(noncoloring)
0.001%
PEG-50 Shea Butter

4
3%
PEG-50 Shea Butter

3%
PEG-50 Shea Butter

powders
0.1%
PEG-50 Shea Butter

powders
0.1-1%
PEG-50 Shea Butter
0.1 %
PEG-50 Shea Butter
Skin fresheners
2%
PEG-75 Shea Butter Glycerides
Bubble baths
1%
0.5%
Hair conditioners
0.1%
0.3%

grooming aids
0.02%
0.1-3%
Douches
0.1%

1%

powders
0.1%

powders
0.002-1%
Page 5 of 6
Shea Butter Glycerides
Lipstick
Shea Butter Glycerides

*Ingredients included in the title of the table, but not found in the table were included in the survey, but
no uses were reported.
11% in a face highlighter
21% in a shower gel
O. 1% in a rinse-off product
43%
in a hand scrub
Table prepared September 17, 2009
Updated July 26, 2010
Page 6 of 6
Personal Care
Products Council
Memorandum
TO:
3-(ri Ii
FROM:
John Bailey, Ph.D

DATE:
July 19, 2010
SUBJECT:
Comments on the Scientific Literature Review of Nut Oils
pA In the Introduction, please change as they are used in cosmetic ingredients. to as they are used
in cosmetic products.
p.4 In the Introduction, please change triglycerides composed of mixtures of fatty acids to
triglycerides containing various fatty acids.
p.4- At the start of the Chemistry section, please clarify what is meant by The group. Fats and oils
are not just derived from plants as this paragraph seems to imply.
p.8 Is it correct to call all the oils in this report edible?
p.8 Unless there was evidence of dermal absorption of Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond)
Oil, please change percutaneous absorption to percutaneous exposure.
p.10 Please indicate the number guinea pigs and types of assays, e.g., maximization, in which the
sensitization potential of Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil and Hydrogenated Coconut Oil was
studied. If studies were done on both substances, both substances should be in the subsection
heading.
p.10 Please provide the type of in vitro studies that were used to study the potential ocular effects of
Aleurites Moluccana Seed Oil. What species was used in the in vivo study?
p.12 As Singh et al. (2004) (reference 41) completed a tumor promotion study, did they include a
conclusion regarding the tumor promoting potential of Anacardium Ocidentale (Cashew) Seed
Oil?
p.14- The following is not a complete sentence. A bar soap contining 13% coconut oil evaluated for
skin irritation using standard Draize procedures.
p.15 It would be helpful to indicate the number of subjects treated with cosmetic formulations
containing 25% Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Oil.
p.17, Item 5 As the oils are triglycerides not mixtures of fatty acids, having irritation and sensitization
testing of individual fatty acids is not necessary. If irritation and sensitization data on the fatty
acids is needed, CIR staff should look for published information. Searching PubMed for
Linolenic Acid and sensitization the following was the first reference identified.
Kreilling R, Hollnagal HM, Hareng L, et al. 2008. Comparison of the skin sensitization
potential of unsaturated compounds as assessed by the murine local lymph node
-
1101 17th Street, N.W., Suite 300
Washington, D.C. 20036-4702
202.331.1770
202.331.1969 (fax)
assay (LLNA) and the guinea pig maximization test (GPMT). Food Chemical
Toxicology 46(6): 1896-1904.
p.17 Request 6 is not clear. If this review is focused only on the composition of the ingredients and
the dermal effects of the ingredients, why is any other information that pertains to the safety of
use in cosmetics necessary? Requests to industry should reflect the same criteria CIR staff
used for identifying information in the published literature. If all types of safety information are
needed from industry, CIR staff need to go back and identify all the relevant published safety
information on these oils.
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GREEN BOOK 2

CIR EXPERT PANEL MEETING

CIR EXPERT PANEL MEETING

CIR Expert Panel Members and Liaisons

Christina L. Burnett, Scientific Writer/Analyst

July 30, 2010

Draft Report of the Vegetable Oil Group

Irritation and sensitization testing on cosmetics (finished products) containing specified

CIR Panel Book Page 2

CIR Panel Book Page 3

CIR Expert Panel History with Vegetable Oils

CIR Panel Book Page 4

Literature Search on Vegetable Oils

CIR Panel Book Page 6

Vegetable Oil, Related Plant-Derived Oils, and Other Derivatives

August 30, 2010

Cosmetic Ingredient Review

CIR Panel Book Page 7

Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil

Undiluted sesame oil was non- or minimally irritating to rabbit skin.30

Olea Europea (Olive) Fruit Oil

CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF SAFETY

Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Oil

FIGURES AND TABLES

Figure 1. General structure of fats and oils.1

Alkali Refined Oil

Other Fatty Oil

Figure 2. Basic oil refinement flowchart.3

CIR Panel Book Page 25

Vegetable (Olus) Oil (CAS No. 68956-68-3)

Table 1. Edible oils and their derivatives.*

Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Seed Oil (CAS No. 70955-25-8)

Brassica Napus Seed Oil [Rapeseed]

CIR Panel Book Page 26

Hydrogenated Apricot Kernel Oil Unsaponifiables

Lycium Barbarum Seed Oil [Goji Berry]

Plukenetia Volubilis Seed Oil [Sacha Inchi]

Table 1. Edible oils and their derivatives.*

Luffa Cylindrica Seed Oil [Luffa]

Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil (CAS No. 8001-26-1)

Hippophae Rhamnoides Fruit Oil [Sea-Buckthorn]

Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Seed Butter (CAS No. 8002-31-1)

Hydrogenated Raspberry Seed Oil

CIR Panel Book Page 27

Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Oil (CAS No. 8006-95-9; 68917-73-7)

Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil (CAS No. 8024-32-6)

Zea Mays (Corn) Oil Unsaponifiables

Zea Mays (Corn) Germ Oil

Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Seed Oil (CAS No. 8001-23-8)

JACT 6(3):321-401, 1987;

IJT 18(S1):1-10, 1999

JACT 12(3):261-277, 1993;

JEPT 4(4):33-45, 1980;

IJT 25(S2):91-120, 2006

JEPT 4(4):93-103, 1980;

IJT 20(S2):21-29, 2001

IJT 19(S2):7-28, 2000

Final Report, 2008

JACT 4(5):171-197, 1985;

Table 2. Previously reviewed oil and fatty acid ingredients.

CIR Panel Book Page 28

IJT 20 (S4):61-94, 2001

Table 2. Previously reviewed oil and fatty acid ingredients (continued).

CIR Panel Book Page 29