Professional Documents
Culture Documents
6/22/2015 11:56:51 AM
Velva L. Price
District Clerk
Travis County
D-1-GN-15-002473
200TH
_____ JUDICIAL DISTRICT
Discovery Level
2.
Hall intends that discovery be conducted under Level 3 of Texas Rule of Civil
Procedure 190.4.
Parties
3.
capacity as a Regent for the University of Texas System. By letter dated June 15, 2015, the
Office of the Attorney General approved Halls request to retain outside counsel to pursue the
relief requested herein.
4.
capacity as Chancellor for the University of Texas System. He can be served with process at:
Office of the Chancellor
The University of Texas System
601 Colorado Street, 4th Floor
Austin, Texas 78701
(512) 499-4201
Jurisdiction
5.
The Court has personal jurisdiction over the Defendant, as he is a resident of the
state. The Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this action under sections 24.007 and
24.008 of the Texas Government Code and under Article V, Section 8, of the Texas Constitution.
Venue
6.
Venue in Travis County is proper because all or a substantial part of the events or
omissions giving rise to the claims asserted herein occurred in Travis County. Tex. Civ. Prac. &
Rem. Code 15.002(a)(1). Halls official requests have been communicated in Travis County,
the Regents vote took place in Travis County, Chancellor McRavens decision not to comply
was made and communicated in Travis County, and the relevant records are in Travis County.
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Factual Background
I.
7.
In the last two years, former Chancellor of the University of Texas System,
investigation, led by University of Texas System General Counsel, Dan Sharphorn, culminating
in a report issued in May 2014. This report documented that legislators and other influential
people have routinely recommended prospective students directly to the University President;
such prospective students have been granted admission at rates significantly higher than the
remaining applicant pool; and this disparity in admission rates cannot be explained by grades,
test scores, or other legitimate factors of individual merit.
official reported information that cast doubt on the thoroughness of the internal investigation and
the accuracy of some of its findings.
Universitys Office of the President, in response to outside influences, exerted pressure on the
Office of Admissions to admit prospective students who were less qualified than those whose
applications were denied.
Admissions Office had made decisions filling the incoming classes, the President unilaterally
increased the size of the classes to make room for students who would not have been admitted
but for influence from donors, alumni, regents, and/or legislators.
9.
should be engaged to review the admission process, including an investigation of the extent to
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which pressure from influential individuals affected admissions decisions. The Board of Regents
authorized the independent investigation, and the consulting firm Kroll Inc. was engaged to
perform the work.
10.
11.
Kroll issued a Report on February 6, 2015, which found among other things:
The University President and his Chief of Staff, by their material omissions,
misled the internal admissions inquiry;
Once a hold has been placed on a file, the Admissions Office cannot deny the
application without first contacting the Presidents Office;
The Presidents Office can override the Admissions Office decision, and has used
this process to admit applicants over the objection of the Admissions Office;
The existence of the hold system and the fact that the Presidents Office forces
certain admissions over the objection of the Admissions Office were not revealed
in connection with the Universitys internal investigation.
With the Board of Regents support, the University of Texas System paid Kroll
over $400,000 for the investigation. For this sum, Kroll conducted more than 60 interviews of
System officials and employees, reviewed more than 9,500 emails, analyzed ten years worth of
admissions data, and evaluated the application files of numerous prospective students, including
many whose files were tagged with a hold by the Office of the President and/or a Deans
Office.
12.
But the report is merely a Summary of Key Findings. It does not reveal the
content of Krolls interviews, the reviewed emails, the firms analyses of application files, or
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other source materials. It does not provide details of who exerted undue influence or whether
they are in positions to continue doing so. It does not describe the pressure that the President
claims to have been under to admit preferred applicants or explain what other incentives may
have been offered. And it does not quantify risks to the University System that can be inferred
from the summary of key findings. Members of the Board of Regents were never given an
opportunity to review the work product underlying Krolls summary or to ask questions of the
Kroll investigators.
13.
Chancellor McRaven succeeded Chancellor Cigarroa in 2015 and had been on the
job for 33 calendar days when he received Krolls report. Just three days later, Chancellor
McRaven adjudicated Krolls findings, decreeing there is no need for disciplinary action or
further investigation.
II.
14.
thoroughness of the Chancellors quick, unilateral adjudication, and Hall continues to have
concerns about the Universitys admissions processes. In March 2015, Hall requested access to
the Kroll source materials. Among other things, he seeks to understand issues and potential risks
to the University System that were identified or discussed by Kroll but, for whatever reason, did
not make it into the published Kroll report.
15.
Hall has an absolute right to review these records in the performance of the
governance and oversight role entrusted to him as a Regent. The Board of Regents Rules in
effect at all relevant times provided that:
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Chancellor McRaven controls the records and refuses to discharge his ministerial
The Systems Access Policy requires System officials to honor Halls request
17.
and Access to Information (Access Policy), articulates the Systems policy on Regents
access to information. Consistent with state law, the Access Policy applicable to Halls request
acknowledged that System officials cannot lawfully prevent a Regent from reviewing
information in the Systems possession that the Regent believes he must review to discharge his
official responsibilities. It stated in part:
This process is not intended nor will it be implemented to prevent a
member of the Board of Regents or the Chancellor from access to
information or data that the Board member or Chancellor deems is
necessary to fulfill his or her official duties and responsibilities.
Regent Rule 10801, 5.4.1. The Access Policy appropriately contained no qualifications: if a
Regent deems the information necessary to fulfill his or her duties, the Regent has the right and
responsibility to review the information. 2
1
The rule quoted above accurately reflects state law, which prohibits any provision that would deprive a Regent of
access to information that he deems necessary to discharge his official responsibilities. After the events giving rise
to this lawsuit, however, the Board of Regents amended Rule 10101 to delete the language in italics above.
Reliance by the Chancellor or other System officials on the new rule to deny access to information that Hall or any
other Regent considers necessary to the performance of their official duties would violate state law.
2
After the events giving rise to this lawsuit, the Board amended this rule too, deleting the phrase that the Board
member or Chancellor deems is. Reliance by the Chancellor or other System official on the new rule to deny
access to information that Hall or any other Regent considers necessary to the performance of their official duties
would violate state law.
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18.
In fact, the Access Policy forcefully articulates the Board of Regents unqualified
expectation that System officials will meet the Regents information requirements:
The Board requires all U. T. System Administration and U. T.
System institutional employees to respond thoroughly and
appropriately to requests for information from a member of the
Board or the Chancellor, without undue delay.
Regent Rule 10801, 5.4.5.
19.
the Access Policy in effect at all relevant times provided the following process for addressing
any concerns that he may have regarding a Regents request:
In the rare circumstance when there are concerns about a Regents
request, the matter will be discussed with the Regent within 5
business days of receipt of the request. If concerns about a request
for information or data are unresolved following discussion with
the Regent, the matter will be presented to the Board as quickly as
possible, but in no event later than 21 days from the date of the
receipt of the request. For the purpose of a Board vote on this
issue, the vote of any two or more Regents in support of the
request is sufficient to direct that the request will be filled without
delay.
Regent Rule 10801, 5.4.5. Under this provision, after vetting his concerns, the Chancellor
must fulfill the information request if two or more Regents vote in support of it. This policy
prevents a minority, or even a majority, of the Board from impeding an individual Regents
attempt to fulfill his responsibilities, even if that attempt involves inquiries into issues or
allegations that are unpopular or uncomfortable.
IV.
20.
Halls request and Chancellor McRavens concerns about it. The Chairman of the Board, Paul
Foster, confirmed at the beginning of the meeting that for the purposes of a board vote on such
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a matter, the vote of any two regents in support of the request is sufficient to direct that the
request be filled without delay.
21.
Before a vote was taken, the Chairman suggested that the real problem with Halls
request had to do with maintaining the confidentiality of the requested records. The Chairman
stated that if Hall would agree to review the records in the Chancellors office, without making
copies, then the Chancellor would provide access to the records and there would be no need for a
Board vote under section 5.4.5.
information even for a confidential review and making clear that his objection is not genuinely
based on confidentiality of student information. Instead, Chancellor McRaven views Halls
request an affront to McRavens authority: We received a report from Kroll. I acted on that
report under my full authority to do so; and to my way of thinking, that is closed. . . . But if the
expectation is that every time I make a decision as the CEO and the Chancellor that a single
regent or a regent or two can trump that decision, then frankly I need to rethink this relationship
with the Board because thats not consistent with my understanding of my role as the CEO.
Rather than allowing Hall to review the requested information in his office, therefore, Chancellor
McRaven stated, [i]f you want to reopen all the information that we got from the Kroll report
and take a look at all that data, Im not inclined to go there.
23.
After additional discussion, both in public session and in executive session, Hall
moved for a vote on his request to see the Kroll materials. The Chairman clarified that Halls
motion was on his request to see all Kroll materials, specifically including information that may
be subject to the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA). Regent Cranberg
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seconded Halls motion. Regent Hicks proposed an amendment to Halls motion which would
have allowed the Chancellor to withhold information subject to FERPA. But Hall rejected the
amendment, prompting the Chairman to call for a vote on Halls original motion.
24.
Regents Hall, Cranberg, and Pejovich voted for Halls motion. Francie Frederick,
General Counsel to the Board, confirmed: Mr. Chairman, there were three votes in favor of
allowing Regent Hall to review the data, and the Chairman confirmed that the motion passes.
25.
including his real concern about his authority as CEO and his professed concern about FERPA
and privacy, and the Board voted to grant Hall access to all requested information. Under the
unequivocal terms of the Access Policy, this was sufficient, as a matter of state law, to direct
that the request will be filled without delay.
V.
26.
More than two months later, however, the request still has not been filled.
Instead, the Chancellors Office reverted to the pretense that Halls request for information must
be denied not because it is an affront to the Chancellors authority, but because FERPA does not
permit a Regent to access student educational information. Under this disingenuous logic,
federal law allows the Chancellor to provide confidential student records to Kroll, but prohibits a
Regent from performing a confidential review of the same records in evaluating policy decisions
and overseeing the performance of system administrators in light of what those records reveal.
This is nonsense.
A. FERPA is a pretext
27.
institution that releases students educational records to persons who are not authorized to see
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them. But the statute does not prohibit confidential review of such records by a Regent in the
performance of his official duties. The statute provides in part:
No funds shall be made available under any applicable program to
any educational agency or institution which has a policy or practice
of permitting the release of education records . . . of students
without the written consent of their parents to any individual,
agency, or organization, other than to . . . school officials,
including teachers within the educational institution or local
educational agency, who have been determined by such agency or
institution to have legitimate educational interests.
20 U.S. Code 1232g(b)(1)(A). As a Regent for the University of Texas System, Hall is a
school official with legitimate educational interests in records relating to a Board-supported
investigation into University admissions practices. 3
28.
In fact, when its officials did not have an ulterior motive to hide behind FERPA,
the System specifically determined that Hall has a legitimate educational interest in precisely
such records.
Hall previously received certain emails that the System determined were
potentially subject to FERPA. Lawyers for the System were asked to determine whether Halls
receipt and review of the confidential emails was permissible under FERPA. In a public report
on behalf of the System, they repeatedly explained that Hall had a legitimate educational interest
in records that bear on concerns regarding the Universitys admissions practices:
Hall is also permitted to view FERPA-protected records under the provision that [n]othing in this section shall
preclude authorized representatives of . . . State educational authorities from having access to student or other
records which may be necessary in connection with the audit and evaluation of Federally-supported education
programs. 20 U.S. Code 1232g(b)(3)(C).
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Report of January 13, 2014, from Hilder & Assoc. to Representatives Alvarado and Flynn
(Hilder Report), at 3, 4. There is no lawful explanation for the Systems about-face on the
exact same issue.
29.
Although the Board of Regents considered FERPA before they cast their binding
vote in favor of Halls access to all requested records, Chancellor McRaven took the position that
Hall had to satisfy System General Counsel Dan Sharphorn that Hall had legitimate educational
interests before he could review the requested information. This was another disingenuous
roadblock because the System itself had previously concluded that FERPA requires neither
antecedent justifications nor written expositions of an original, educational purpose. Hilder
Report at 4.
30.
This letter
contained a nonexclusive list of twelve legitimate educational interests that Hall, as a Regent
with governance responsibilities to the System, has in reviewing information that led an outside
consultant to conclude that outside influences have led the University to admit students based on
their political connections, legacy status, race, or other special factors, while better-qualified
applicants were turned away. Among other things, Hall articulated his desire and responsibility
to
assess the risks to the University associated with alleged threats of adverse
consequences if legislators recommended applicants did not receive special
favors, including what was threatened, by whom, and whether such persons are
still in positions to exert leverage over the University;
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31.
evaluate the effect that outside influences on the admissions process may have on
the Universitys ongoing struggles with low graduation rates;
assess allegations of influence that are not spelled out in the Kroll report;
evaluate institutional risks that Kroll identified but was not permitted by the scope
of the investigation to fully vet or spell out in its report, including matters that
Kroll was instructed to raise with the System General Counsel, who oversaw the
ineffective internal investigation;
understand the role that members of the Board of Regents played in exerting
pressure on University officials to admit their preferred applicants;
the System has already determined that Hall is entitled not only to reviewwhich is all he seeks
herebut to possess and retain records that relate to an educational purpose, namely, a concern
related to U.T. Austins admission practices. Hilder Report at 4.
32.
have conceded that Hall has articulated legitimate educational interests in the Kroll information
as a Regent for the University of Texas System. But their official position remains defiant and
unlawful.
33.
predetermined decision to continue withholding the requested information from Hall in violation
of his legal duty and despite the Access Policys plain directive that a vote of any two Regents is
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sufficient to direct that the request be fulfilled without delay. While Chancellor McRaven may
claim that his hands are tied by FERPA, his own words confirm again that the statute is but a
convenient excuse. McRaven still views the dispute as a power struggle and specifically fails to
understand that a Regents responsibility includes oversight of the Chancellors Office and all
other University officials:
Regent Hall, I have reviewed the request for information you
provided Dan Sharphorn and in my opinion your request goes well
beyond any reasonable desire to be better informed as a regent.
As the Chancellor and CEO of the UT System it is my
responsibility to manage the UT system and to foster the national
prestige of all its institutions. This current request for information
seeks to undermine my recent decisions as the CEO and I believe it
is detrimental to the overall well-being of the system. It reveals
your intent to conduct your own investigations contrary to what is
contemplated under RR 10801 and in contravention of Sec. 3.4 of
RR 10101, which requires you to bring concerns about the need for
investigations to me or the board. Consequently, I will not be
giving you access to the information you requested and would
offer that you address your concerns to the full board.
34.
This exact argument was vetted at the April 8 meeting of the Board of Regents.
Under the Access Policy, the Chancellors attempt to recharacterize Halls request as an
investigation and concerns about undermining his authority were rejected when three Regents
cast a vote that is sufficient to direct that the request be filled without delay.
35.
A Regents oversight
responsibilities require him to ask tough questions. They require him to review records that
university officials may prefer to keep secret. They require him to attempt to ensure that the
University is not engaged in practices or exposed to ongoing risks that could subject it to
liability.
The
Chancellor has no legal authority to keep the Kroll information from Hall, even if the
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information may lead to revelations that tarnish the Universitys national prestige or call the
Chancellors judgment into question. Indeed, the very reason why public corporations have
boards of directors and universities have boards of regents is to provide this sort of independent
oversight.
B. The Attorney General confirms that the Chancellor is acting unlawfully
36.
Hall would have been well justified in filing this lawsuit immediately upon receipt
of Chancellor McRavens April 13 email. But Hall decided to first request an opinion from the
Texas Attorney General regarding whether the Chancellors Office can legally withhold
information that a Regent deems necessary to perform the oversight functions of his office.
37.
On May 12, 2015, the Attorney General issued Opinion KP-0021, which
persuasively explains why Chancellor McRaven is acting illegally in continuing to withhold the
Kroll information from Hall. First, as a matter of law, no System official has legal authority to
keep from a Regent information that the Regent deems necessary to fulfill the obligations of his
office.
connection with concerns relating to the Universitys admissions practices, exactly as the System
itself determined last year.
38.
unlawfully withhold the records from Hall, preventing him from performing his official duties
and requiring Hall to enlist the Courts assistance in compelling compliance with the law.
Causes of Action
I.
Declaratory Judgment
39.
forth here.
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40.
As described above, Hall has concerns about the University of Texas admissions
practices and that they may expose the University to legal and practical risks that are not
identified or fully explained in the Kroll Report. He has requested access to all Kroll records in
his official capacity as a Regent of the University of Texas System and deems review of the
records necessary for him to discharge the duties of that office.
41.
These records are in the possession, custody, and control of the Office of the
Chancellor.
42.
Neither the Chancellor, nor any other System official, can legally deny Hall
Hall requests a declaratory judgment that (a) neither the Chancellor, nor any other
University of Texas System official, can lawfully withhold information in the Systems
possession that a Regent has requested in his official capacity and deems necessary to review in
the discharge of his official duties; (b) neither the Chancellor, nor any other University of Texas
System official, can lawfully withhold the Kroll records from Hall; and (c) Chancellor McRaven
is acting ultra vires in refusing to perform his legal duty to provide the Kroll records for Halls
review.
II
Declaratory Judgment
44.
forth here.
45.
Hall has concerns about the University of Texas admissions practices and that
they may expose the University to legal and practical risks that are not identified or fully
explained in the Kroll Report. He has requested access to all Kroll records in his official
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capacity as a Regent of the University of Texas System and deems review of the records
necessary for him to discharge the duties of that office.
46.
These records are in the possession, custody, and control of the Office of the
Chancellor.
47.
In the alternative to the declaratory judgment requested above and assuming for
the sake of argument that the Board of Regents can lawfully adopt rules that may limit a
Regents access to information that he deems necessary for the performance of his official duties,
the Access Policy in effect at all relevant times has the force and effect of state law. Under the
Access Policy, the Boards 3-6 vote on Halls motion to require Chancellor McRaven to provide
access to all Kroll records requires Chancellor McRaven to provide the records without delay as
a matter of law. Even if Chancellor McRavens professed FERPA concerns were not (i) wrong,
(ii) pretextual, and (iii) diametrically opposed to the Systems prior determinations, the Board of
Regents considered the FERPA arguments before Halls motion passed, and state law still
requires Chancellor McRaven to fulfill Halls request.
48.
required by the 3-6 vote on Halls motion to provide access to all Kroll records without delay,
and that Chancellor McRaven is acting ultra vires in refusing to discharge this legal duty.
III
49.
forth here.
50.
Hall has concerns about the University of Texas admissions practices and that
they may expose the University to legal and practical risks that are not identified or fully
explained in the Kroll Report. He has requested access to all Kroll records in his official
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capacity as a Regent of the University of Texas System and deems review of the records
necessary for him to discharge the duties of that office.
51.
These records are in the possession, custody, and control of the Office of the
Chancellor.
52.
Neither the Chancellor, nor any other System official, can legally deny Hall
Alternatively, and assuming for the sake of argument that the Board of Regents
can lawfully adopt rules that may limit a Regents access to information that he deems necessary
for the performance of his official duties, the Access Policy in effect at all relevant times has the
force and effect of state law. Under the Access Policy, the Boards 3-6 vote on Halls motion to
require Chancellor McRaven to provide access to all Kroll records requires Chancellor McRaven
to provide the records without delay as a matter of law.
54.
Hall requests that the Court issue a writ of mandamus requiring McRaven, in his
official capacity as Chancellor of the University of Texas System, to provide Hall with
immediate access to all records reviewed or created in connection with the Kroll investigation.
56.
Alternatively, Hall requests that the Court issue a mandatory injunction requiring
McRaven, in his official capacity as Chancellor of the University of Texas System, to provide
Hall with immediate access to all records reviewed or created in connection with the Kroll
investigation.
PRAYER
Hall prays that the Court render a judgment declaring that (a) neither the
Chancellor, nor any other University of Texas System official, can lawfully withhold information
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in the Systems possession that a Regent has requested in his official capacity and deems
necessary to review in the discharge of his official duties; (b) neither the Chancellor, nor any
other University of Texas System official, can lawfully withhold the Kroll records from Hall;
and (c) Chancellor McRaven is acting ultra vires in refusing to perform his legal duty to provide
the Kroll records for Halls review.
Alternatively, Hall prays that the Court render a judgment declaring that the
Chancellors Office is required by the 3-6 vote on Halls motion to provide access to all Kroll
records without delay, and Chancellor McRaven is acting ultra vires in refusing to discharge this
legal duty.
Hall further prays that the Court issue a writ of mandamus and/or mandatory
injunction requiring McRaven, in his official capacity as Chancellor for the University of Texas
System, to perform his ministerial legal duty to provide Hall with access to all records reviewed
or created in connection with the Kroll investigation.
Finally, Hall prays for such further relief to which he may be entitled.
Respectfully submitted,
By: /s/Joseph R. Knight
Joseph R. Knight
State Bar No. 11601275
jknight@knighttxlaw.com
LAW OFFICE OF JOSEPH R. KNIGHT
111 Congress Avenue, Suite 2800
Austin, Texas 78701
(512) 457-0231
(512) 684-7681 (Facsimile)
Attorney for Wallace L. Hall, Jr., in his official
capacity as a Regent for the University of Texas
System
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