Data Tables

Section VII
Labor market efficiency

The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012 2011 World Economic Forum

2.2: Data Tables | Section VII: Labor market efficiency

470

7.01

Cooperation in labor-employer relations

How would you characterize labor-employer relations in your country? [1 = generally confrontational; 7 = generally cooperative] | 201011 weighted
average

RANK

1
2
3
4
5
6
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55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71

COUNTRY/ECONOMY

VALUE

MEAN: 4.4

Switzerland ............................... 6.1

Singapore .................................. 6.1
Denmark ................................... 5.9
Norway...................................... 5.8
Netherlands............................... 5.7
Japan......................................... 5.7
Sweden..................................... 5.7
Iceland....................................... 5.6
Austria....................................... 5.6
Luxembourg.............................. 5.5
Costa Rica................................. 5.5
Hong Kong SAR ........................ 5.4
New Zealand............................. 5.4
United Arab Emirates................ 5.4
Malaysia .................................... 5.4
Finland....................................... 5.2
Taiwan, China ........................... 5.2
Israel ......................................... 5.2
Barbados ................................... 5.2
Brunei Darussalam.................... 5.2
Albania ...................................... 5.1
Germany ................................... 5.1
Canada ...................................... 5.1
Saudi Arabia .............................. 5.0
United Kingdom ........................ 5.0
Bahrain ...................................... 5.0
Oman ........................................ 5.0
Qatar ......................................... 5.0
Ireland ....................................... 4.9
Rwanda ..................................... 4.9
Guatemala................................. 4.8
Gambia, The.............................. 4.8
Cyprus....................................... 4.8
Estonia ...................................... 4.8
Thailand..................................... 4.8
United States ............................ 4.8
Dominican Republic .................. 4.8
El Salvador ................................ 4.8
Australia .................................... 4.8
Chile .......................................... 4.8
Malta ......................................... 4.7
Kuwait ....................................... 4.7
Mauritius ................................... 4.7
Armenia..................................... 4.6
Peru........................................... 4.6
India .......................................... 4.6
Azerbaijan.................................. 4.6
Colombia ................................... 4.6
Benin......................................... 4.5
Vietnam..................................... 4.5
China ......................................... 4.5
Panama ..................................... 4.5
Cte dIvoire ............................. 4.5
Puerto Rico ............................... 4.5
Philippines................................. 4.5
Czech Republic ......................... 4.5
Belgium..................................... 4.4
Sri Lanka ................................... 4.4
Lebanon .................................... 4.4
Nicaragua .................................. 4.4
Guyana ...................................... 4.4
Ghana........................................ 4.4
Mexico ...................................... 4.3
Honduras................................... 4.3
Botswana .................................. 4.3
Latvia......................................... 4.3
Tunisia....................................... 4.3
Indonesia................................... 4.3
Kyrgyz Republic ........................ 4.3
Uganda...................................... 4.3
Syria .......................................... 4.3

RANK

72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
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91
92
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102
103
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105
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108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142

COUNTRY/ECONOMY

VALUE

Malawi ...................................... 4.3

Lithuania.................................... 4.3
Zambia ...................................... 4.3
Cambodia .................................. 4.2
Georgia...................................... 4.2
Tajikistan ................................... 4.2
Kazakhstan ................................ 4.2
Brazil ......................................... 4.2
Pakistan..................................... 4.2
Jordan ....................................... 4.2
Hungary..................................... 4.2
Madagascar............................... 4.1
Belize ........................................ 4.1
Swaziland .................................. 4.1
Zimbabwe ................................. 4.1
Kenya ........................................ 4.1
Burundi...................................... 4.1
Mongolia ................................... 4.1
Suriname................................... 4.1
Paraguay ................................... 4.1
Senegal ..................................... 4.1
Macedonia, FYR........................ 4.1
Yemen....................................... 4.0
Nigeria....................................... 4.0
Tanzania .................................... 4.0
Bangladesh ............................... 4.0
Slovak Republic......................... 4.0
Namibia ..................................... 4.0
Poland ....................................... 4.0
Cape Verde ............................... 4.0
Montenegro .............................. 4.0
Lesotho ..................................... 4.0
Burkina Faso ............................. 4.0
Cameroon ................................. 3.9
Angola ....................................... 3.9
Moldova .................................... 3.9
Ethiopia ..................................... 3.9
Ukraine...................................... 3.9
Portugal..................................... 3.9
Spain ......................................... 3.9
Bulgaria ..................................... 3.9
Mali ........................................... 3.9
Ecuador ..................................... 3.9
Haiti........................................... 3.8
Slovenia..................................... 3.8
Timor-Leste............................... 3.8
Italy ........................................... 3.8
Iran, Islamic Rep. ...................... 3.7
Morocco.................................... 3.7
Egypt......................................... 3.7
Jamaica ..................................... 3.7
Turkey ....................................... 3.6
Bolivia........................................ 3.6
Russian Federation ................... 3.6
Mozambique ............................. 3.6
Algeria ....................................... 3.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina ........... 3.6
Chad.......................................... 3.6
Greece ...................................... 3.5
Uruguay..................................... 3.5
Trinidad and Tobago.................. 3.5
France ....................................... 3.4
Croatia....................................... 3.4
Argentina................................... 3.3
Serbia ........................................ 3.3
Romania .................................... 3.3
South Africa .............................. 3.3
Nepal......................................... 3.3
Korea, Rep. ............................... 3.2
Venezuela.................................. 3.2
Mauritania ................................. 3.0

SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey

The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012 2011 World Economic Forum

MEAN: 4.4

Flexibility of wage determination

How are wages generally set in your country? [1 = by a centralized bargaining process; 7 = up to each individual company] | 201011 weighted average

RANK

1
2
3
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5
6
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52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71

COUNTRY/ECONOMY

VALUE

MEAN: 4.9

Uganda...................................... 6.1
Hong Kong SAR ........................ 6.1
Kyrgyz Republic ........................ 6.1
Bahrain ...................................... 6.1
United Arab Emirates................ 6.0
Estonia ...................................... 6.0
Singapore .................................. 6.0
Lithuania.................................... 6.0
Macedonia, FYR........................ 6.0
Qatar ......................................... 6.0
Burundi...................................... 5.9
Yemen....................................... 5.8
Brunei Darussalam.................... 5.8
Saudi Arabia .............................. 5.8
Mongolia ................................... 5.8
Japan......................................... 5.8
United Kingdom ........................ 5.7
Switzerland ............................... 5.7
Lebanon .................................... 5.7
Azerbaijan.................................. 5.7
Vietnam..................................... 5.7
Kuwait ....................................... 5.7
El Salvador ................................ 5.7
Taiwan, China ........................... 5.6
Peru........................................... 5.6
New Zealand............................. 5.6
Malawi ...................................... 5.6
Malaysia .................................... 5.5
Chile .......................................... 5.5
Moldova .................................... 5.5
Kazakhstan ................................ 5.5
United States ............................ 5.5
Haiti........................................... 5.5
Georgia...................................... 5.5
Cte dIvoire ............................. 5.5
Jordan ....................................... 5.5
Canada ...................................... 5.5
Rwanda ..................................... 5.5
Benin......................................... 5.5
Oman ........................................ 5.4
Hungary..................................... 5.4
Nigeria....................................... 5.4
Armenia..................................... 5.4
Cape Verde ............................... 5.4
Dominican Republic .................. 5.4
Israel ......................................... 5.3
Poland ....................................... 5.3
Syria .......................................... 5.3
Belize ........................................ 5.3
Korea, Rep. ............................... 5.3
Tajikistan ................................... 5.3
China ......................................... 5.3
Guatemala................................. 5.2
Turkey ....................................... 5.2
Puerto Rico ............................... 5.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina ........... 5.2
France ....................................... 5.2
India .......................................... 5.2
Ukraine...................................... 5.2
Latvia......................................... 5.2
Czech Republic ......................... 5.2
Ethiopia ..................................... 5.2
Bulgaria ..................................... 5.2
Serbia ........................................ 5.2
Burkina Faso ............................. 5.2
Bangladesh ............................... 5.2
Suriname................................... 5.2
Gambia, The.............................. 5.2
Colombia ................................... 5.2
Croatia....................................... 5.1
Egypt......................................... 5.1

RANK

72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142

COUNTRY/ECONOMY

VALUE

Madagascar............................... 5.1
Albania ...................................... 5.1
Mauritania ................................. 5.1
Paraguay ................................... 5.1
Guyana ...................................... 5.1
Slovak Republic......................... 5.1
Sri Lanka ................................... 5.1
Chad.......................................... 5.1
Panama ..................................... 5.0
Morocco.................................... 5.0
Kenya ........................................ 5.0
Russian Federation ................... 4.9
Jamaica ..................................... 4.9
Zambia ...................................... 4.9
Cambodia .................................. 4.9
Cameroon ................................. 4.9
Namibia ..................................... 4.9
Mexico ...................................... 4.8
Romania .................................... 4.8
Montenegro .............................. 4.8
Nicaragua .................................. 4.8
Angola ....................................... 4.8
Botswana .................................. 4.7
Thailand..................................... 4.7
Malta ......................................... 4.7
Lesotho ..................................... 4.7
Pakistan..................................... 4.7
Costa Rica................................. 4.6
Mali ........................................... 4.6
Barbados ................................... 4.6
Philippines................................. 4.5
Ghana........................................ 4.5
Honduras................................... 4.5
Senegal ..................................... 4.4
Swaziland .................................. 4.4
Mauritius ................................... 4.4
Cyprus....................................... 4.4
Timor-Leste............................... 4.3
Luxembourg.............................. 4.3
Portugal..................................... 4.3
Iceland....................................... 4.3
Indonesia................................... 4.3
Ecuador ..................................... 4.3
Brazil ......................................... 4.3
Australia .................................... 4.3
Bolivia........................................ 4.2
Nepal......................................... 4.2
Tunisia....................................... 4.2
Trinidad and Tobago.................. 4.2
Denmark ................................... 4.2
Tanzania .................................... 4.1
Ireland ....................................... 4.0
Mozambique ............................. 4.0
Algeria ....................................... 3.9
Slovenia..................................... 3.8
Venezuela.................................. 3.7
Spain ......................................... 3.6
Belgium..................................... 3.5
Norway...................................... 3.5
Iran, Islamic Rep. ...................... 3.5
Netherlands............................... 3.5
Finland....................................... 3.3
Italy ........................................... 3.2
Greece ...................................... 3.1
Germany ................................... 3.1
Sweden..................................... 3.0
South Africa .............................. 3.0
Argentina................................... 2.7
Austria....................................... 2.6
Zimbabwe ................................. 2.5
Uruguay..................................... 2.3

SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey

The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012 2011 World Economic Forum

MEAN: 4.9

2.2: Data Tables | Section VII: Labor market efficiency

7.02

471

2.2: Data Tables | Section VII: Labor market efficiency

472

7.03

Rigidity of employment

Rigidity of Employment Index on a 0100 (worst) scale | 2009

RANK

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
8
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
27
27
29
29
29
29
29
29
35
35
35
38
39
39
39
39
39
44
44
44
44
48
48
50
50
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
61
61
63
63
63
63
63
68
68
68
71

COUNTRY/ECONOMY

VALUE

RANK

Australia ........................................0.0
Brunei Darussalam........................0.0
Hong Kong SAR ............................0.0
Kuwait ...........................................0.0
Singapore ......................................0.0
Uganda..........................................0.0
United States ................................0.0
Canada ..........................................4.0
Jamaica .........................................4.0
Belize ............................................7.0
Denmark .......................................7.0
Georgia..........................................7.0
New Zealand.................................7.0
Nigeria...........................................7.0
Rwanda .........................................7.0
Switzerland ...................................7.0
Trinidad and Tobago......................7.0
United Arab Emirates....................7.0
Azerbaijan....................................10.0
Bahrain ........................................10.0
Colombia .....................................10.0
Haiti.............................................10.0
Ireland .........................................10.0
Malaysia ......................................10.0
Swaziland ....................................10.0
United Kingdom ..........................10.0
Czech Republic ...........................11.0
Thailand.......................................11.0
Botswana ....................................13.0
Montenegro ................................13.0
Namibia .......................................13.0
Oman ..........................................13.0
Qatar ...........................................13.0
Saudi Arabia ................................13.0
Lesotho .......................................14.0
Macedonia, FYR..........................14.0
Puerto Rico .................................14.0
Japan...........................................16.0
Belgium.......................................17.0
Israel ...........................................17.0
Kazakhstan ..................................17.0
Kenya ..........................................17.0
Mongolia .....................................17.0
Chile ............................................18.0
Kyrgyz Republic ..........................18.0
Mauritius .....................................18.0
Uruguay.......................................18.0
Bulgaria .......................................19.0
Guyana ........................................19.0
Sri Lanka .....................................20.0
Syria ............................................20.0
Argentina.....................................21.0
Armenia.......................................21.0
Burkina Faso ...............................21.0
Dominican Republic ....................21.0
Iceland.........................................21.0
Malawi ........................................21.0
Suriname.....................................21.0
Vietnam.......................................21.0
Zambia ........................................21.0
Hungary.......................................22.0
Slovak Republic...........................22.0
Austria.........................................24.0
Cyprus.........................................24.0
El Salvador ..................................24.0
Jordan .........................................24.0
Yemen.........................................24.0
Albania ........................................25.0
Lebanon ......................................25.0
Poland .........................................25.0
Egypt...........................................27.0

71
71
71
75
75
75
75
79
79
81
82
82
82
85
86
86
86
86
90
90
90
93
94
94
94
94
94
94
100
100
100
100
104
104
104
104
108
108
108
108
112
112
114
114
114
117
118
118
118
118
118
123
123
125
125
127
128
129
129
131
131
131
134
135
136
137
137
139
140
n/a
n/a

COUNTRY/ECONOMY

VALUE

Gambia, The................................27.0
Ghana..........................................27.0
Nicaragua ....................................27.0
Bangladesh .................................28.0
Burundi........................................28.0
Ethiopia .......................................28.0
Guatemala...................................28.0
Iran, Islamic Rep. ........................29.0
Philippines...................................29.0
India ............................................30.0
China ...........................................31.0
Mali .............................................31.0
Ukraine........................................31.0
Timor-Leste.................................32.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina .............33.0
Chad............................................33.0
Cte dIvoire ...............................33.0
Zimbabwe ...................................33.0
Serbia ..........................................35.0
South Africa ................................35.0
Turkey .........................................35.0
Cambodia ....................................36.0
Ecuador .......................................38.0
Italy .............................................38.0
Korea, Rep. .................................38.0
Lithuania......................................38.0
Russian Federation .....................38.0
Sweden.......................................38.0
Cameroon ...................................39.0
Costa Rica...................................39.0
Mauritania ...................................39.0
Peru.............................................39.0
Benin...........................................40.0
Indonesia.....................................40.0
Mozambique ...............................40.0
Tunisia.........................................40.0
Algeria .........................................41.0
Finland.........................................41.0
Mexico ........................................41.0
Moldova ......................................41.0
Germany .....................................42.0
Netherlands.................................42.0
Latvia...........................................43.0
Pakistan.......................................43.0
Portugal.......................................43.0
Norway........................................44.0
Brazil ...........................................46.0
Cape Verde .................................46.0
Nepal...........................................46.0
Romania ......................................46.0
Taiwan, China .............................46.0
Spain ...........................................49.0
Tajikistan .....................................49.0
Croatia.........................................50.0
Greece ........................................50.0
Estonia ........................................51.0
France .........................................52.0
Slovenia.......................................54.0
Tanzania ......................................54.0
Luxembourg................................56.0
Madagascar.................................56.0
Paraguay .....................................56.0
Honduras.....................................57.0
Senegal .......................................59.0
Morocco......................................60.0
Angola .........................................66.0
Panama .......................................66.0
Venezuela....................................69.0
Bolivia..........................................77.0
Barbados .......................................n/a
Malta .............................................n/a

SOURCE: World Bank/International Finance Corporation, Doing Business 2010: Reforming Through Difficult Times

The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012 2011 World Economic Forum

Hiring and firing practices

How would you characterize the hiring and firing of workers in your country? [1 = impeded by regulations; 7 = flexibly determined by employers] | 201011
weighted average

RANK

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71

COUNTRY/ECONOMY

VALUE

MEAN: 3.9

Denmark ................................... 6.1

Singapore .................................. 5.8
Switzerland ............................... 5.8
Hong Kong SAR ........................ 5.7
Azerbaijan.................................. 5.3
Iceland....................................... 5.3
Nigeria....................................... 5.2
United States ............................ 5.1
Saudi Arabia .............................. 5.1
Georgia...................................... 5.0
Uganda...................................... 5.0
Kenya ........................................ 5.0
United Arab Emirates................ 5.0
Kyrgyz Republic ........................ 4.9
Canada ...................................... 4.9
Cameroon ................................. 4.8
Ukraine...................................... 4.8
Armenia..................................... 4.8
Guyana ...................................... 4.8
Bangladesh ............................... 4.7
Albania ...................................... 4.7
Brunei Darussalam.................... 4.6
Belize ........................................ 4.6
Cte dIvoire ............................. 4.6
Mongolia ................................... 4.6
Burkina Faso ............................. 4.6
Madagascar............................... 4.5
Estonia ...................................... 4.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina ........... 4.5
Malaysia .................................... 4.5
El Salvador ................................ 4.5
Zambia ...................................... 4.5
Pakistan..................................... 4.4
Kazakhstan ................................ 4.4
Malawi ...................................... 4.4
United Kingdom ........................ 4.4
Gambia, The.............................. 4.4
Benin......................................... 4.4
Yemen....................................... 4.4
Thailand..................................... 4.4
Macedonia, FYR........................ 4.3
Tajikistan ................................... 4.3
Rwanda ..................................... 4.3
China ......................................... 4.3
Cambodia .................................. 4.3
Qatar ......................................... 4.3
Vietnam..................................... 4.3
Nicaragua .................................. 4.2
Costa Rica................................. 4.2
Hungary..................................... 4.2
Indonesia................................... 4.2
Latvia......................................... 4.2
Ghana........................................ 4.2
Lebanon .................................... 4.2
Bulgaria ..................................... 4.1
Chad.......................................... 4.1
Montenegro .............................. 4.1
Guatemala................................. 4.1
Oman ........................................ 4.1
Haiti........................................... 4.1
Morocco.................................... 4.0
Israel ......................................... 4.0
Turkey ....................................... 4.0
Finland....................................... 4.0
Mauritania ................................. 4.0
India .......................................... 4.0
Colombia ................................... 3.9
Tunisia....................................... 3.9
Jamaica ..................................... 3.9
Barbados ................................... 3.9
Senegal ..................................... 3.9

RANK

72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142

COUNTRY/ECONOMY

VALUE

Kuwait ....................................... 3.9

Ethiopia ..................................... 3.9
Bahrain ...................................... 3.9
Mali ........................................... 3.9
Cyprus....................................... 3.9
Burundi...................................... 3.9
Dominican Republic .................. 3.9
Algeria ....................................... 3.8
Taiwan, China ........................... 3.8
Tanzania .................................... 3.8
Mauritius ................................... 3.8
Trinidad and Tobago.................. 3.8
Ireland ....................................... 3.7
Russian Federation ................... 3.7
New Zealand............................. 3.7
Egypt......................................... 3.7
Iran, Islamic Rep. ...................... 3.6
Serbia ........................................ 3.6
Lesotho ..................................... 3.6
Romania .................................... 3.6
Syria .......................................... 3.6
Austria....................................... 3.6
Peru........................................... 3.5
Angola ....................................... 3.5
Malta ......................................... 3.5
Australia .................................... 3.5
Honduras................................... 3.5
Nepal......................................... 3.5
Bolivia........................................ 3.5
Botswana .................................. 3.5
Jordan ....................................... 3.5
Moldova .................................... 3.5
Puerto Rico ............................... 3.4
Timor-Leste............................... 3.4
Cape Verde ............................... 3.4
Paraguay ................................... 3.4
Luxembourg.............................. 3.4
Chile .......................................... 3.4
Mozambique ............................. 3.3
Sri Lanka ................................... 3.3
Swaziland .................................. 3.3
Philippines................................. 3.3
Poland ....................................... 3.3
Korea, Rep. ............................... 3.3
Slovak Republic......................... 3.2
Lithuania.................................... 3.2
Croatia....................................... 3.2
Czech Republic ......................... 3.2
Namibia ..................................... 3.1
Netherlands............................... 3.1
Panama ..................................... 3.1
Mexico ...................................... 3.1
Uruguay..................................... 3.0
Greece ...................................... 3.0
Italy ........................................... 3.0
Ecuador ..................................... 2.9
Brazil ......................................... 2.9
Suriname................................... 2.9
Zimbabwe ................................. 2.9
Belgium..................................... 2.9
Germany ................................... 2.8
Japan......................................... 2.8
Norway...................................... 2.8
Argentina................................... 2.7
France ....................................... 2.7
Spain ......................................... 2.6
Sweden..................................... 2.5
South Africa .............................. 2.5
Portugal..................................... 2.4
Slovenia..................................... 2.3
Venezuela.................................. 2.3

SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey

The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012 2011 World Economic Forum

MEAN: 3.9

2.2: Data Tables | Section VII: Labor market efficiency

7.04

473

2.2: Data Tables | Section VII: Labor market efficiency

474

7.05

Redundancy costs

Redundancy costs in weeks of salary | 2009

RANK

1
1
1
1
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
15
16
16
16
19
20
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
28
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
40
40
42
42
42
42
46
46
46
46
50
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
59
59
61
62
62
62
65
65
65
65
69
70
71

COUNTRY/ECONOMY

VALUE

RANK

Denmark ..........................................0
New Zealand....................................0
Puerto Rico ......................................0
United States ...................................0
Austria..............................................2
Australia ...........................................4
Bahrain .............................................4
Brunei Darussalam...........................4
Georgia.............................................4
Japan................................................4
Jordan ..............................................4
Mauritius ..........................................4
Oman ...............................................4
Singapore .........................................4
Romania ...........................................8
Bulgaria ............................................9
Kazakhstan .......................................9
Mongolia ..........................................9
Hong Kong SAR .............................10
Italy ................................................11
Armenia..........................................13
Iceland............................................13
Norway...........................................13
Poland ............................................13
Switzerland ....................................13
Uganda...........................................13
Ukraine...........................................13
Belgium..........................................16
Algeria ............................................17
Haiti................................................17
Kyrgyz Republic .............................17
Latvia..............................................17
Lebanon .........................................17
Netherlands....................................17
Peru................................................17
Russian Federation ........................17
Timor-Leste....................................17
Tunisia............................................17
Yemen............................................17
Ireland ............................................18
Tanzania .........................................18
Azerbaijan.......................................22
Czech Republic ..............................22
Nicaragua .......................................22
United Kingdom .............................22
Belize .............................................24
Greece ...........................................24
Namibia ..........................................24
South Africa ...................................24
Serbia .............................................25
Burundi...........................................26
Finland............................................26
Gambia, The...................................26
Macedonia, FYR.............................26
Rwanda ..........................................26
Slovak Republic..............................26
Suriname........................................26
Sweden..........................................26
Canada ...........................................28
Montenegro ...................................28
Costa Rica......................................29
Lithuania.........................................30
Madagascar....................................30
Tajikistan ........................................30
Bosnia and Herzegovina ................31
Mali ................................................31
Mauritania ......................................31
Uruguay..........................................31
France ............................................32
Cameroon ......................................33
Burkina Faso ..................................34

72
72
74
74
76
76
78
79
79
81
82
82
84
85
85
87
88
89
89
91
92
93
93
93
93
97
98
99
100
101
102
102
104
105
106
106
108
108
110
111
112
112
114
115
115
115
118
118
118
118
118
123
124
124
124
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
135
137
138
139
139
n/a
n/a

COUNTRY/ECONOMY

VALUE

Estonia ...........................................35
Hungary..........................................35
Benin..............................................36
Chad...............................................36
Moldova .........................................37
Slovenia..........................................37
Senegal ..........................................38
Cambodia .......................................39
Croatia............................................39
Ethiopia ..........................................40
Lesotho ..........................................44
Panama ..........................................44
Brazil ..............................................46
Kenya .............................................47
Mexico ...........................................47
Cte dIvoire ..................................49
Nigeria............................................50
Chile ...............................................52
Luxembourg...................................52
Swaziland .......................................53
Thailand..........................................54
Albania ...........................................56
Guyana ...........................................56
India ...............................................56
Spain ..............................................56
Angola ............................................58
Colombia ........................................59
Jamaica ..........................................62
Cyprus............................................64
Trinidad and Tobago.......................67
Germany ........................................69
Qatar ..............................................69
Malaysia .........................................75
Kuwait ............................................78
Saudi Arabia ...................................80
Syria ...............................................80
Malawi ...........................................84
United Arab Emirates.....................84
Morocco.........................................85
El Salvador .....................................86
Iran, Islamic Rep. ...........................87
Vietnam..........................................87
Dominican Republic .......................88
Botswana .......................................90
Nepal..............................................90
Pakistan..........................................90
China ..............................................91
Israel ..............................................91
Korea, Rep. ....................................91
Philippines......................................91
Taiwan, China ................................91
Cape Verde ....................................93
Argentina........................................95
Honduras........................................95
Turkey ............................................95
Portugal..........................................97
Paraguay ........................................99
Guatemala....................................101
Bangladesh ..................................104
Indonesia......................................108
Egypt............................................132
Mozambique ................................134
Ecuador ........................................135
Ghana...........................................178
Zambia .........................................178
Sri Lanka ......................................217
Zimbabwe ....................................446
Bolivia............................. not possible
Venezuela....................... not possible
Barbados .......................................n/a
Malta .............................................n/a

SOURCE: World Bank/International Finance Corporation, Doing Business 2010: Reforming Through Difficult Times

The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012 2011 World Economic Forum

Pay and productivity

To what extent is pay in your country related to productivity? [1 = not related to worker productivity; 7 = strongly related to worker productivity] | 201011
weighted average

RANK

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71

COUNTRY/ECONOMY

VALUE

MEAN: 3.9

Singapore .................................. 5.5

Hong Kong SAR ........................ 5.4
Taiwan, China ........................... 5.4
Malaysia .................................... 5.3
Switzerland ............................... 5.3
Saudi Arabia .............................. 5.1
Estonia ...................................... 5.1
United States ............................ 4.9
Kyrgyz Republic ........................ 4.8
Vietnam..................................... 4.8
Japan......................................... 4.8
United Arab Emirates................ 4.7
China ......................................... 4.7
Slovak Republic......................... 4.7
Korea, Rep. ............................... 4.7
Brunei Darussalam.................... 4.7
Albania ...................................... 4.7
Kazakhstan ................................ 4.7
Bahrain ...................................... 4.6
Qatar ......................................... 4.6
United Kingdom ........................ 4.6
Lithuania.................................... 4.6
Israel ......................................... 4.5
Tajikistan ................................... 4.5
Ireland ....................................... 4.5
Latvia......................................... 4.5
Cambodia .................................. 4.5
Indonesia................................... 4.5
Thailand..................................... 4.5
Mongolia ................................... 4.5
Czech Republic ......................... 4.4
Canada ...................................... 4.4
Azerbaijan.................................. 4.4
New Zealand............................. 4.4
Sri Lanka ................................... 4.4
Iceland....................................... 4.3
Morocco.................................... 4.3
Germany ................................... 4.3
India .......................................... 4.3
Australia .................................... 4.3
Armenia..................................... 4.3
Ukraine...................................... 4.3
Chile .......................................... 4.3
Oman ........................................ 4.3
Poland ....................................... 4.2
Rwanda ..................................... 4.2
Finland....................................... 4.2
Moldova .................................... 4.2
Bulgaria ..................................... 4.2
Puerto Rico ............................... 4.1
Luxembourg.............................. 4.1
Denmark ................................... 4.1
Gambia, The.............................. 4.1
Macedonia, FYR........................ 4.1
Romania .................................... 4.1
France ....................................... 4.1
Georgia...................................... 4.0
Hungary..................................... 4.0
Costa Rica................................. 4.0
Montenegro .............................. 4.0
Russian Federation ................... 4.0
Lebanon .................................... 4.0
Kenya ........................................ 4.0
Malta ......................................... 4.0
Austria....................................... 4.0
Netherlands............................... 3.9
Guatemala................................. 3.9
Cyprus....................................... 3.9
Botswana .................................. 3.9
Norway...................................... 3.9
Barbados ................................... 3.9

RANK

72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142

COUNTRY/ECONOMY

VALUE

Jordan ....................................... 3.9

Kuwait ....................................... 3.9
Mauritius ................................... 3.8
Turkey ....................................... 3.8
Philippines................................. 3.8
Malawi ...................................... 3.8
Nigeria....................................... 3.8
Sweden..................................... 3.8
Guyana ...................................... 3.7
Tunisia....................................... 3.7
Peru........................................... 3.7
Brazil ......................................... 3.7
Mexico ...................................... 3.7
Belize ........................................ 3.7
Pakistan..................................... 3.7
Senegal ..................................... 3.7
Ethiopia ..................................... 3.6
Syria .......................................... 3.6
Yemen....................................... 3.6
Timor-Leste............................... 3.6
Belgium..................................... 3.6
Haiti........................................... 3.6
Colombia ................................... 3.6
Bangladesh ............................... 3.6
Egypt......................................... 3.5
Slovenia..................................... 3.5
Croatia....................................... 3.5
Namibia ..................................... 3.5
El Salvador ................................ 3.5
Honduras................................... 3.5
Cameroon ................................. 3.4
Serbia ........................................ 3.4
Ghana........................................ 3.4
Cte dIvoire ............................. 3.4
Zambia ...................................... 3.4
Nicaragua .................................. 3.3
Paraguay ................................... 3.3
Angola ....................................... 3.3
Madagascar............................... 3.3
Dominican Republic .................. 3.3
Portugal..................................... 3.2
Ecuador ..................................... 3.2
Jamaica ..................................... 3.2
Bolivia........................................ 3.2
Uganda...................................... 3.2
Tanzania .................................... 3.2
Iran, Islamic Rep. ...................... 3.1
Trinidad and Tobago.................. 3.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina ........... 3.1
Mali ........................................... 3.1
Greece ...................................... 3.1
Cape Verde ............................... 3.1
Nepal......................................... 3.1
Italy ........................................... 3.1
Spain ......................................... 3.1
Benin......................................... 3.0
Chad.......................................... 3.0
Panama ..................................... 3.0
South Africa .............................. 3.0
Mozambique ............................. 3.0
Swaziland .................................. 3.0
Burundi...................................... 2.9
Zimbabwe ................................. 2.9
Suriname................................... 2.8
Algeria ....................................... 2.8
Burkina Faso ............................. 2.8
Argentina................................... 2.7
Lesotho ..................................... 2.7
Uruguay..................................... 2.7
Venezuela.................................. 2.5
Mauritania ................................. 2.3

SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey

The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012 2011 World Economic Forum

MEAN: 3.9

2.2: Data Tables | Section VII: Labor market efficiency

7.06

475

2.2: Data Tables | Section VII: Labor market efficiency

476

7.07

Reliance on professional management

In your country, who holds senior management positions? [1 = usually relatives or friends without regard to merit; 7 = mostly professional managers chosen
for merit and qualifications] | 201011 weighted average

RANK

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71

COUNTRY/ECONOMY

VALUE

MEAN: 4.3

Sweden..................................... 6.4
New Zealand............................. 6.3
Finland....................................... 6.2
Norway...................................... 6.2
Canada ...................................... 6.1
United Kingdom ........................ 6.0
Denmark ................................... 6.0
Netherlands............................... 6.0
Switzerland ............................... 6.0
Australia .................................... 6.0
Singapore .................................. 5.9
Ireland ....................................... 5.8
Germany ................................... 5.7
Belgium..................................... 5.6
Japan......................................... 5.5
Puerto Rico ............................... 5.5
United States ............................ 5.5
South Africa .............................. 5.5
Qatar ......................................... 5.5
Malaysia .................................... 5.5
Israel ......................................... 5.4
Iceland....................................... 5.3
Zimbabwe ................................. 5.3
Austria....................................... 5.2
Estonia ...................................... 5.2
Luxembourg.............................. 5.2
Chile .......................................... 5.2
Taiwan, China ........................... 5.2
France ....................................... 5.1
Bahrain ...................................... 5.1
Saudi Arabia .............................. 5.1
Sri Lanka ................................... 5.0
Barbados ................................... 5.0
Hong Kong SAR ........................ 5.0
United Arab Emirates................ 4.9
Botswana .................................. 4.9
Rwanda ..................................... 4.9
Oman ........................................ 4.9
Brazil ......................................... 4.8
Brunei Darussalam.................... 4.8
Korea, Rep. ............................... 4.8
Gambia, The.............................. 4.8
Czech Republic ......................... 4.7
Ghana........................................ 4.7
Spain ......................................... 4.7
China ......................................... 4.7
Malawi ...................................... 4.6
Peru........................................... 4.6
Costa Rica................................. 4.6
Philippines................................. 4.6
Guyana ...................................... 4.5
Namibia ..................................... 4.5
India .......................................... 4.5
Tunisia....................................... 4.5
Zambia ...................................... 4.5
Lithuania.................................... 4.5
Jamaica ..................................... 4.4
Trinidad and Tobago.................. 4.4
Slovak Republic......................... 4.4
Mauritius ................................... 4.4
Malta ......................................... 4.4
Thailand..................................... 4.3
Hungary..................................... 4.3
Argentina................................... 4.3
Poland ....................................... 4.3
Nigeria....................................... 4.3
Guatemala................................. 4.3
Cameroon ................................. 4.3
Albania ...................................... 4.3
Indonesia................................... 4.3
Kenya ........................................ 4.2

RANK

72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142

COUNTRY/ECONOMY

VALUE

Colombia ................................... 4.2

Cte dIvoire ............................. 4.2
Swaziland .................................. 4.2
Mexico ...................................... 4.1
Portugal..................................... 4.1
Cambodia .................................. 4.1
Latvia......................................... 4.1
Tanzania .................................... 4.1
Turkey ....................................... 4.1
Slovenia..................................... 4.1
Montenegro .............................. 4.0
Venezuela.................................. 4.0
Romania .................................... 3.9
Georgia...................................... 3.9
Lesotho ..................................... 3.9
Uruguay..................................... 3.9
Pakistan..................................... 3.9
Benin......................................... 3.9
Uganda...................................... 3.9
Suriname................................... 3.9
Senegal ..................................... 3.9
Kuwait ....................................... 3.9
Cyprus....................................... 3.9
Vietnam..................................... 3.8
Bangladesh ............................... 3.8
Greece ...................................... 3.8
Moldova .................................... 3.8
Lebanon .................................... 3.8
Jordan ....................................... 3.8
Morocco.................................... 3.8
Honduras................................... 3.7
Cape Verde ............................... 3.7
Ecuador ..................................... 3.7
Azerbaijan.................................. 3.7
Kyrgyz Republic ........................ 3.7
Armenia..................................... 3.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina ........... 3.7
Panama ..................................... 3.7
Italy ........................................... 3.7
Bulgaria ..................................... 3.7
Russian Federation ................... 3.7
Ethiopia ..................................... 3.7
Madagascar............................... 3.6
Croatia....................................... 3.6
Kazakhstan ................................ 3.6
Belize ........................................ 3.6
Nepal......................................... 3.6
Mongolia ................................... 3.6
El Salvador ................................ 3.5
Egypt......................................... 3.5
Nicaragua .................................. 3.5
Mozambique ............................. 3.5
Iran, Islamic Rep. ...................... 3.5
Paraguay ................................... 3.4
Macedonia, FYR........................ 3.3
Burkina Faso ............................. 3.3
Dominican Republic .................. 3.3
Tajikistan ................................... 3.3
Syria .......................................... 3.3
Ukraine...................................... 3.3
Mali ........................................... 3.3
Serbia ........................................ 3.3
Bolivia........................................ 3.2
Timor-Leste............................... 3.1
Haiti........................................... 3.1
Burundi...................................... 3.1
Angola ....................................... 2.8
Algeria ....................................... 2.8
Mauritania ................................. 2.6
Chad.......................................... 2.4
Yemen....................................... 2.1

SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey

The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012 2011 World Economic Forum

MEAN: 4.3

Brain drain

Does your country retain and attract talented people? [1 = no, the best and brightest normally leave to pursue opportunities in other countries; 7 = yes,
there are many opportunities for talented people within the country] | 201011 weighted average

RANK

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71

COUNTRY/ECONOMY

VALUE

MEAN: 3.5

Switzerland ............................... 6.3

Singapore .................................. 5.8
United States ............................ 5.7
United Kingdom ........................ 5.6
Qatar ......................................... 5.6
Sweden..................................... 5.4
Canada ...................................... 5.4
Hong Kong SAR ........................ 5.3
Saudi Arabia .............................. 5.2
United Arab Emirates................ 5.2
Netherlands............................... 5.1
Norway...................................... 5.1
Finland....................................... 5.1
Chile .......................................... 5.0
Bahrain ...................................... 5.0
Luxembourg.............................. 5.0
Belgium..................................... 4.9
Korea, Rep. ............................... 4.8
Malaysia .................................... 4.8
Costa Rica................................. 4.8
Oman ........................................ 4.8
Taiwan, China ........................... 4.7
Iceland....................................... 4.7
Japan......................................... 4.6
Rwanda ..................................... 4.6
Barbados ................................... 4.5
Austria....................................... 4.5
Australia .................................... 4.5
Denmark ................................... 4.5
Brazil ......................................... 4.4
Germany ................................... 4.4
India .......................................... 4.4
China ......................................... 4.3
Ireland ....................................... 4.3
Israel ......................................... 4.3
Kuwait ....................................... 4.2
Indonesia................................... 4.2
Panama ..................................... 4.2
Peru........................................... 4.1
Malta ......................................... 4.1
Thailand..................................... 4.1
Brunei Darussalam.................... 4.0
France ....................................... 4.0
Gambia, The.............................. 4.0
Cambodia .................................. 3.8
Montenegro .............................. 3.8
Cyprus....................................... 3.8
South Africa .............................. 3.8
Sri Lanka ................................... 3.8
Botswana .................................. 3.8
Tunisia....................................... 3.7
Kenya ........................................ 3.7
Guatemala................................. 3.6
Spain ......................................... 3.5
Nigeria....................................... 3.5
Estonia ...................................... 3.5
Ghana........................................ 3.5
Slovenia..................................... 3.4
Trinidad and Tobago.................. 3.4
Suriname................................... 3.4
Mexico ...................................... 3.4
Morocco.................................... 3.4
Benin......................................... 3.4
Pakistan..................................... 3.4
Argentina................................... 3.4
Namibia ..................................... 3.4
Angola ....................................... 3.4
Dominican Republic .................. 3.4
Colombia ................................... 3.3
Mozambique ............................. 3.3
Malawi ...................................... 3.3

RANK

72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142

COUNTRY/ECONOMY

VALUE

Senegal ..................................... 3.3

Jordan ....................................... 3.3
Puerto Rico ............................... 3.3
Tanzania .................................... 3.2
Cape Verde ............................... 3.2
Mauritius ................................... 3.2
Azerbaijan.................................. 3.2
Czech Republic ......................... 3.2
Portugal..................................... 3.2
Vietnam..................................... 3.2
New Zealand............................. 3.2
Albania ...................................... 3.1
Uruguay..................................... 3.1
Tajikistan ................................... 3.1
Zambia ...................................... 3.1
Cte dIvoire ............................. 3.1
Kazakhstan ................................ 3.1
Latvia......................................... 3.1
Honduras................................... 3.1
Philippines................................. 3.1
Ecuador ..................................... 3.0
Timor-Leste............................... 3.0
Uganda...................................... 3.0
Jamaica ..................................... 3.0
Poland ....................................... 3.0
Turkey ....................................... 2.9
Russian Federation ................... 2.9
Zimbabwe ................................. 2.9
Chad.......................................... 2.9
Bangladesh ............................... 2.9
Georgia...................................... 2.9
Armenia..................................... 2.9
Madagascar............................... 2.8
Italy ........................................... 2.8
Bolivia........................................ 2.7
Iran, Islamic Rep. ...................... 2.7
Paraguay ................................... 2.7
Ethiopia ..................................... 2.6
Syria .......................................... 2.6
Slovak Republic......................... 2.6
Nicaragua .................................. 2.6
Mali ........................................... 2.6
Cameroon ................................. 2.6
El Salvador ................................ 2.6
Burkina Faso ............................. 2.6
Lithuania.................................... 2.5
Mongolia ................................... 2.5
Greece ...................................... 2.5
Guyana ...................................... 2.5
Hungary..................................... 2.5
Egypt......................................... 2.5
Lebanon .................................... 2.4
Belize ........................................ 2.4
Ukraine...................................... 2.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina ........... 2.2
Bulgaria ..................................... 2.2
Croatia....................................... 2.2
Mauritania ................................. 2.2
Nepal......................................... 2.2
Romania .................................... 2.2
Swaziland .................................. 2.1
Macedonia, FYR........................ 2.1
Moldova .................................... 2.0
Venezuela.................................. 2.0
Lesotho ..................................... 2.0
Kyrgyz Republic ........................ 2.0
Yemen....................................... 2.0
Serbia ........................................ 1.8
Burundi...................................... 1.8
Algeria ....................................... 1.7
Haiti........................................... 1.7

SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey

The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012 2011 World Economic Forum

MEAN: 3.5

2.2: Data Tables | Section VII: Labor market efficiency

7.08

477

2.2: Data Tables | Section VII: Labor market efficiency

478

7.09

Female participation in labor force

Ratio of female participation in the labor force (%) to male participation in the labor force (%) | 2009

RANK

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
69
71

COUNTRY/ECONOMY

VALUE

RANK

Burundi........................................1.04
Rwanda .......................................1.03
Ghana..........................................0.99
Mozambique ...............................0.99
Tanzania ......................................0.97
Madagascar.................................0.96
Finland.........................................0.96
Malawi ........................................0.96
Sweden.......................................0.94
Norway........................................0.94
Moldova ......................................0.92
Lesotho .......................................0.92
Botswana ....................................0.92
Vietnam.......................................0.92
Denmark .....................................0.92
Ethiopia .......................................0.91
Azerbaijan....................................0.91
Russian Federation .....................0.91
Kazakhstan ..................................0.91
Lithuania......................................0.91
Canada ........................................0.90
Iceland.........................................0.90
Barbados .....................................0.90
Estonia ........................................0.89
Slovenia.......................................0.88
Uganda........................................0.88
Mongolia .....................................0.88
Latvia...........................................0.88
Israel ...........................................0.88
Kenya ..........................................0.88
Benin...........................................0.88
Switzerland .................................0.88
Burkina Faso ...............................0.88
China ...........................................0.88
Cambodia ....................................0.87
Portugal.......................................0.87
France .........................................0.87
Netherlands.................................0.87
Germany .....................................0.87
Ukraine........................................0.86
Angola .........................................0.86
Bulgaria .......................................0.85
New Zealand...............................0.85
United States ..............................0.85
Australia ......................................0.85
Austria.........................................0.84
United Kingdom ..........................0.84
Bosnia and Herzegovina .............0.84
Namibia .......................................0.84
Gambia, The................................0.84
Armenia.......................................0.84
Croatia.........................................0.83
Thailand.......................................0.83
Belgium.......................................0.83
Chad............................................0.82
Zimbabwe ...................................0.81
Cyprus.........................................0.81
Poland .........................................0.81
Nepal...........................................0.81
Luxembourg................................0.80
Slovak Republic...........................0.80
Peru.............................................0.80
Hungary.......................................0.80
Brunei Darussalam......................0.80
Romania ......................................0.79
Jamaica .......................................0.79
Ireland .........................................0.78
Czech Republic ...........................0.78
Montenegro1 ..............................0.78
Serbia1 ........................................0.78
Uruguay.......................................0.77

72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142

COUNTRY/ECONOMY

VALUE

Bolivia..........................................0.77
Hong Kong SAR ..........................0.77
Spain ...........................................0.77
Georgia........................................0.76
South Africa ................................0.76
Zambia ........................................0.76
Brazil ...........................................0.75
Taiwan, China2............................0.75
Tajikistan .....................................0.75
Mauritania ...................................0.74
Singapore ....................................0.74
Trinidad and Tobago....................0.73
Japan...........................................0.73
Swaziland ....................................0.73
Senegal .......................................0.73
Albania ........................................0.73
Bangladesh .................................0.73
Korea, Rep. .................................0.73
Kyrgyz Republic ..........................0.72
Argentina.....................................0.71
Greece ........................................0.70
Italy .............................................0.70
Timor-Leste1 ...............................0.70
Haiti.............................................0.69
Macedonia, FYR..........................0.69
Cape Verde .................................0.69
Paraguay .....................................0.67
Cameroon ...................................0.66
Venezuela....................................0.66
Dominican Republic ....................0.65
Puerto Rico .................................0.64
Philippines...................................0.63
Cte dIvoire ...............................0.62
Panama .......................................0.62
Nicaragua ....................................0.61
El Salvador ..................................0.61
Indonesia.....................................0.61
Ecuador .......................................0.61
Belize ..........................................0.60
Chile ............................................0.60
Suriname.....................................0.59
Costa Rica...................................0.58
Malaysia ......................................0.57
Mauritius .....................................0.57
Mali .............................................0.57
Guyana ........................................0.57
Guatemala...................................0.56
Kuwait .........................................0.55
Mexico ........................................0.55
Qatar ...........................................0.55
Colombia .....................................0.55
Nigeria.........................................0.53
Honduras.....................................0.51
Malta ...........................................0.50
Sri Lanka .....................................0.47
Algeria .........................................0.47
United Arab Emirates..................0.46
Iran, Islamic Rep. ........................0.44
India ............................................0.42
Bahrain ........................................0.39
Tunisia.........................................0.38
Turkey .........................................0.35
Morocco......................................0.34
Oman ..........................................0.34
Lebanon ......................................0.33
Jordan .........................................0.32
Egypt...........................................0.30
Yemen.........................................0.28
Saudi Arabia ................................0.27
Syria ............................................0.27
Pakistan.......................................0.26

SOURCE: International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labor Markets Net (accessed 4 May 2011); national sources

1 2008

2 2011

The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012 2011 World Economic Forum