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CRISPINAUNIDAetal.v.

HEIRSOFAMBROSIOURBAN
460SCRA68(2005),THIRDDIVISION
RespondentHeirsofAmbrosioUrbanfiledwiththeMunicipalTrialCourt(MTC)acomplaintforunlawfuldetaineragainstCrispina
Unida,etal.Theheirsclaimownershipovertheproperty.TheycontendthatsincethepropertywaspreviouslyinfestedbyNPA
insurgents,theownersofthepropertydidnothingbuttotoleratethestayofUnida,etal.Unidaetal.likewiseclaimownershipover
thesaidproperty,statingthatthetitleofthepropertywasfraudulentlyobtainedbythesaidheirs.TheMTCrenderedadecision
againstUnidaet.al.
TheRegionalTrialCourtreversedtheMTCdecision,holdingthatsincethecomplaintitselfassertedthatUnidaetal.sentryintothe
propertywasunlawfulfromtheverybeginning,theallegationofheirsregardingthetolerancecannotbeconsideredastolerancein
contemplationoflawinunlawfuldetainercase.Moreover,thereisnoforcibleentryorviolenceattendingthecase;hence,theaction
forunlawfuldetainerwasimproper.TheRTCsuggestedthattheproperremedywastofileanaccionreivindicatoria.TheCourtof
Appeals(CA)reversedthetrialcourtdecision.
ISSUE:
Whetherornotanactionforunlawfuldetainerisanimproperremedy
HELD:
Unidaetal.sentryintothepropertywas,bytheheirs owninformation,unlawfulfromtheverybeginning.Theheirs,nonetheless,
claimedthatitmerelytoleratedUnidaetal.spresenceintheproperty.Clearly,anunlawfuldetaineractiondoesnotlie.
Fortojustifyanactionforunlawfuldetainer,thepermissionortolerancemusthavebeenpresentatthebeginningofthepossession.
Otherwise,ifthepossessionwasunlawfulfromthestart,anactionforunlawfuldetainerwouldbeanimproperremedy.
AscorrectlyheldthenbytheRTC,thecasecannotbeconsideredasanunlawfuldetainercase,thetolerance claimedbyheirsnot
beingthatcontemplatedbylawinunlawfuldetainercases;neithercanthecasebeconsideredasoneforforcibleentrybecausethe
entryofUnidaetal.wasnotallegedtohavebeenbymeansofforce,intimidation,threats,stealthorstrategy.
Sincethecomplaintdidnotsatisfythejurisdictionalrequirementofavalidcauseforunlawfuldetainerorforcibleentry,theMTC
hadnojurisdictionoverthecase.ItisinthislightthattheCourtfindsthattheRTCcorrectlyfoundthattheMTChadnojurisdiction
overthecomplaint.

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