Workstation User's Manual

Workstation Users Manual
Workstation 6.0
Contents
Preface
15
1 IntroductionandSystemRequirements 20
ProductBenefits 20
OverviewofThisManual 21
AbouttheHostandGuestComputers 22
WhatsNewinVersion 6 22
UpgradePathtoWorkstationACEEdition 22
IntegratedVirtualDebuggers 23
VMwarePlayer2.0 23
AutomationThroughExpandedVIX1.1API 24
Record/ReplayofVirtualMachineActivity(Experimental) 24
PhysicaltoVirtualConversionandEnhancedImportFunctionality(Windows
HostsOnly) 24
EasyUpgradeorDowngradeofVMwareVirtualMachines 25
RunningVirtualMachinesintheBackground 25
SupportforMultipleMonitorDisplays 25
IncreaseinNumberofEthernetAdaptersSupported 25
New64BitSoundDriver 25
SupportforHighSpeedUSB2.0Devices 26
AbilityforaVirtualMachinetoActasaVNCServer 26
IncreasedRAMSupportandAbilitytoRunonServerClassSystems 26
NewHostOperatingSystemSupport 26
NewGuestOperatingSystemSupport 28
Improved64BitGuestSupport 29
ApplianceViewforVirtualAppliances 29
MonitortheStatusofaBatteryfromtheGuestOperatingSystem 29
EnhancedAbilitytoGatherDebuggingInformation 30
SupportforParavirtualizedLinuxKernels 30
UserInterfaceforMappingaVirtualDisktoaDriveLetter 30
AutomaticUpdatetotheLatestVersionofVMwareTools 30
EnhancedAbilitytoRestrictSharedFolders 31
EnhancedFileSharingandCopyandPasteFunctionality 31
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Contents
InstallingWorkstationonaWindowsHost 48
InstallingWorkstationSilently 51
UninstallingWorkstationonaWindowsHost 52
InstallingWorkstationonaLinuxHost 53
ConfiguringWorkstationwithvmwareconfig.pl 54
UninstallingWorkstationonaLinuxHost 56
WheretoGoNext 56
3 UpgradingVMwareWorkstation 57
PreparingfortheUpgrade 57
RemovingSnapshotsandShuttingDownSuspendedVirtualMachines 57
BackingUpVirtualMachines 58
RemovingWorkstation2or3toInstallWorkstation6 58
UpgradingonaWindowsHost 59
UpgradingtoaWindowsVistaHost 59
UpgradingonaLinuxHost 60
UsingWorkstation4or5VirtualMachinesinWorkstation 6 61
UsinganOlderVersionVirtualMachineWithoutUpgrading 61
ChangingtheVersionoftheVirtualMachine 61
4 LearningWorkstationBasics 65
StartingWorkstation 66
OverviewoftheWorkstationWindow 66
HomePageandViews 68
ToolbarButtons 71
Sidebar 75
CheckingforProductUpdates 78
IntroductiontoCreatingaVirtualMachine 79
IntroductiontoWorkstationPreferences 81
IntroductiontoVirtualMachineSettings 83
HardwareTab 83
OptionsTab 84
ClosingVirtualMachinesandExitingWorkstation 86
KeyboardShortcuts 87
5 CreatingaNewVirtualMachine 89
SettingUpaNewVirtualMachine 89
BeforeYouBegin 89
UsingtheNewVirtualMachineWizard 94
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Contents
ShuttingDownaVirtualMachine 154
PoweringOffVersusShuttingDownandResettingVersusRestarting 154
DeletingaVirtualMachine 156
ControllingtheDisplay 156
SimplifyingtheScreenDisplay 157
UsingFullScreenMode 158
UsingQuickSwitchMode 159
ReportingBatteryInformationintheGuestOperatingSystem 160
UsingExclusiveMode 160
UsingMultipleMonitors 162
FittingtheWorkstationConsoletotheVirtualMachineDisplay 165
WorkingwithNonstandardResolutions 167
InstallingNewSoftware 168
DisablingAccelerationIfaProgramWontRun 168
RunningVirtualMachinesfromWithinanIDE 169
DisplayingtheVirtualMachineasanAppliance 170
TransferringFilesandTextBetweentheHostandGuest 171
UsingDragandDrop 171
UsingCopyandPaste 172
UsingSharedFolders 173
UsingaMappedDrive(WindowsOnly) 180
UsingDevicesinaVirtualMachine 181
Adding,Configuring,andRemovingDevicesinaVirtualMachine 181
ConnectingandDisconnectingRemovableDevices 182
CreatingaScreenShotofaVirtualMachine 183
CreatingaMovieofaVirtualMachine 183
UsingaVNCClientforRemoteConnectionstoaVirtualMachine 184
AboutVNCPortNumbers 185
EnsuringProperDisplayontheClient 185
8 MovingandSharingVirtualMachines 187
VirtualMachineIdentifier:UUID 187
UUIDOptionsWhenYouMoveaVirtualMachine 188
SpecifyingaUUIDforaVirtualMachine 189
MovingaVirtualMachine 190
HostswithDifferentHardware 190
MovingaVirtualMachinetoaNewHostorontheSameHost
MovinganOlderVirtualMachine 193
MovingLinkedClones 193
SharingVirtualMachineswithOtherUsers 193
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Contents
RecordingActivityofaVirtualMachine(Experimental) 239
HardwareandVirtualHardwareRequirements 240
RecordingandPlayingBackVirtualMachineActivity 242
11 CloningaVirtualMachine 247
UnderstandingClones 247
WhyMakeaClone? 248
FullandLinkedClones 248
FullClonesandSnapshotsoftheParent 249
CreatingClones 249
WorkingwithClones 251
MakingaLinkedCloneofaLinkedClone 251
MakingaFullCloneofaLinkedClone 251
NetworkIdentityforaClone 251
LinkedCloneSnapshot 252
LinkedClonesandAccesstotheParentVirtualMachine 252
12 ConfiguringTeams 255
BenefitsofUsingTeams 255
CreatingaTeam 257
OpeningandClosingaTeam 258
ChangingtheNameofaTeam 259
DeletingaTeam 259
ViewingTeamsandTheirVirtualMachines 260
AddingandRemovingTeamVirtualMachines 262
SettingtheStartupSequenceforaTeam 263
StartingandStoppingTeams 264
PoweringaTeamOnandOff 264
SuspendingandResumingaTeam 265
PowerOperationsforIndividualMembersofaTeam 266
WorkingwithTeamNetworks 266
LANSegmentRequirements 266
CreatingaTeamLANSegment 267
AddingandRemovingEthernetAdapters 268
ConfiguringConnectionsforaLANSegment 269
ConfiguringLANSegments 269
DeletingaLANSegment 270
CloningandTakingSnapshotsofTeamMembers 271
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Contents
14 ConfiguringVideoandSound 321
SettingScreenColorDepth 321
ChangingScreenColorDepthontheHost 322
ChangingScreenColorDepthintheVirtualMachine 322
ExperimentalSupportforDirect3D 322
AudienceforDirect3DExperimentalSupport 323
Accelerated3DLimitations 323
EnablingAccelerated3D 323
KnownIssues 326
HelpingVMwarewithExperimentalSupport 326
ConfiguringSound 327
InstallingSoundDriversinWindows9xandNTGuests 327
15 ConnectingDevices 329
UsingParallelPorts 329
InstallationinGuestOperatingSystems 329
ConfiguringaParallelPortonaLinuxHost 330
SpecialNotesfortheIomegaZipDrive 334
UsingSerialPorts 335
UsingaSerialPortoraFileontheHostComputer 335
ConnectinganApplicationontheHosttoaVirtualMachine 336
ConnectingTwoVirtualMachines 337
ConfigurationOptionsforAdvancedUsers 340
Examples:DebuggingoveraVirtualSerialPort 341
ConfiguringKeyboardFeatures 343
EnhancedVirtualKeyboardforWindowsHosts 343
HotKeys 344
SpecifyingaLanguageKeymapforVNCClients 345
KeyboardMappingonaLinuxHost 346
UsingUSBDevicesinaVirtualMachine 353
EnablingandDisablingtheUSB2.0Controller 354
ConnectingUSBDevices 355
UsingUSBwithaWindowsHost 356
ReplacingUSB2.0DriversonaWindows2000Host 356
UsingUSBwithaLinuxHost 357
HowDeviceControlIsSharedBetweenHostandGuest 357
DisconnectingUSBDevicesfromaVirtualMachine 358
HumanInterfaceDevices 359
ConnectingtoaGenericSCSIDevice 359
GenericSCSIonaWindowsHostOperatingSystem 359
GenericSCSIonaLinuxHostOperatingSystem 365
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Contents
B UsingtheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebugger 415
OverviewoftheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebugger 415
SettingUptheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggerEnvironment 417
HostSystemRequirements 417
EclipseRequirements 419
VirtualMachineRequirements 419
ManagingVirtualMachineLaunchConfigurations 421
UsingApplicationConfigurationstoStartApplicationsinaVirtual
Machine 422
UsingApplicationConfigurationstoAttachtoApplicationsRunningina
VirtualMachine 424
DeletingConfigurations 425
RunningandDebuggingApplicationsinVirtualMachines 425
StartinganApplicationDebuggingSessioninaVirtualMachine 425
StartinganApplicationinaVirtualMachineWithoutDebugging 426
AttachingtheDebuggertoanApplicationRunninginaVirtualMachine 426
C UsingtheVisualStudioIntegratedVirtualDebugger 427
OverviewoftheVisualStudioIntegratedVirtualDebugger 427
ConfigurationOptionsWhenStartinganApplicationinaVirtualMachine 428
ConfigurationOptionsWhenAttachingtoaProcessRunninginaVirtual
Machine 429
SettingUptheVisualStudioIntegratedVirtualDebuggerEnvironment 430
MicrosoftVisualStudioRequirementsandRecommendations 431
HostSystemRequirements 432
VirtualMachineRequirementsandRecommendations 432
TroubleshootingTips 436
ManagingVirtualMachineConfigurations 437
CreatingConfigurations 437
RenamingConfigurations 438
RemovingConfigurations 438
SettingConfigurationProperties 439
RunningandDebuggingApplicationsinVirtualMachines 442
StartingaDebuggingSessioninaVirtualMachine 442
StartingaSessionWithoutDebugginginaVirtualMachine 442
AttachingtheDebuggertoaProcessRunninginaVirtualMachine 443
Glossary
445
Index 453
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13
Preface
ThisprefaceprovidesinformationabouttheWorkstationUsersManualandlinksto
VMwaretechnicalsupportandeducationalresources.
Thisprefacecontainsthefollowingtopics:
AboutThisBookonpage 15
TechnicalSupportandEducationResourcesonpage 16
About This Book

Thismanual,theWorkstationUsersManual,providesinformationaboutinstallingand
usingVMwareWorkstation6.
Toviewthemostcurrentversionofthemanual,seetheVMwareWebsite:
http://www.vmware.com/support/pubs/ws_pubs.html
Intended Audience
Thisbookisintendedforanyonewhoneedstoinstall,upgrade,oruseVMware
Workstation.Workstationuserstypicallyincludepeoplewhodosoftwaredevelopment
andtestingorworkwithmultipleoperatingsystemsorcomputingenvironments:
softwaredevelopers,QAengineers,trainers,salespeoplewhorundemos,andanyone
whowantstocreatevirtualmachines.
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Preface
Online and Telephone Support

Useonlinesupporttosubmittechnicalsupportrequests,viewyourproductand
contractinformation,andregisteryourproducts.Goto
http://www.vmware.com/support.
Customerswithappropriatesupportcontractsshouldusetelephonesupportforthe
fastestresponseonpriority1issues.Goto
http://www.vmware.com/support/phone_support.html.
Support Offerings
FindouthowVMwaresupportofferingscanhelpmeetyourbusinessneeds.Goto
http://www.vmware.com/support/services.
Reporting Problems
IfyouhaveproblemswhilerunningVMwareWorkstation,pleasereportthemtothe
VMwaresupportteam.First,besuretoregisteryourserialnumber.Fromthe
Workstationmenubar,chooseHelp>VMwareontheWeb>RegisterNow!Youcan
thenreportyourproblemsbysubmittingasupportrequestat
www.vmware.com/requestsupport.
TheVMwaresupportteammightaskyoutorunasupportscriptinordertogatherthe
informationneededtodiagnosetheproblem.Forexample,ifavirtualmachineexits
abnormallyorcrashes,runthesupportscripttocollecttheappropriatelogfilesand
systeminformation.
AsofWorkstationversion6.0.1,youcanrunthesupportscriptbyclickingabuttonin
theHelp>AboutVMwareWorkstationbox.Youcanalso,asinpreviousreleases,run
thescriptfromthecommandline.
To run the support script from the Workstation user interface
1
StartVMwareWorkstation.
Forinstructions,seeStartingWorkstationonpage 66.
ChooseHelp>About.
IntheAboutVMwareWorkstationdialogboxthatappears,clickCollectSupport
Data.
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Preface
To run the support script on a Linux host

1
Openaterminalwindow.
Runthesupportscriptastheuserwhoisrunningthevirtualmachine:
vm-support
Ifyouarenotrunningthescriptasroot,thescriptdisplaysmessagesindicating
thatitcannotcollectsomeinformation.Thisisnormal.IftheVMwaresupport
teamneedsthatinformation,asupportrepresentativewillaskyoutorunthescript
againasroot.
Thescriptcreatesacompressed.tgzfileintheusershomedirectory.
3
Includethatoutputfilewithyoursupportrequest.
IfyouarereportingaproblemyouencounteredwhileinstallingVMware
Workstation,youshouldalsoincludeyourinstallationlogfile.
VMware Education Services

VMwarecoursesofferextensivehandsonlabs,casestudyexamples,andcourse
materialsdesignedtobeusedasonthejobreferencetools.Formoreinformationabout
VMwareEducationServices,gotohttp://mylearn1.vmware.com/mgrreg/index.cfm.
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Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements
Usemultiplesnapshotsanddebuggingsupporttofacilitatetesting.
Archivetestenvironmentsonfileserverswheretheycanbeeasilyrestoredor
shared.
ToenhanceproductivityofITprofessionals:
Configureandtestdesktopsandserversasvirtualmachinesbeforedeploying
themtoproduction.
Testnewmultitierapplications,applicationupdates,andOSpatchesonasingle
PC.
Hostlegacyapplicationswithinvirtualmachines,facilitatingOSmigrationsand
eliminatingtheneedtoportlegacyapplications.
Createavirtuallibraryofenduserconfigurationsonashareddrive.
Tofacilitatecomputerbasedtrainingandsoftwaredemos:
Packageanddeployclassroommaterialinvirtualmachines.
Allowstudentstoexperimentwithmultipleoperatingsystems,applications,and
toolsinsecure,isolatedvirtualmachines.
Configurevirtualmachinestoundoallchangesatshutdown.
Democomplexormultitierconfigurationsonasinglelaptop.
Overview of This Manual

IfyoureaveteranuserofVMwareproducts,seeWhatsNewinVersion 6onpage 22
andseeChapter 3,UpgradingVMwareWorkstation,onpage 57.
IfyourenewtoVMwareWorkstation,thefirstchaptersofthismanualthrough
Chapter 7,RunningaVirtualMachine,onpage 149introduceyoutosomeofthe
thingsyoucandowithVMwareWorkstationandguideyouthroughthekeystepsfor
installingthesoftwareandputtingittowork.
Laterchaptersprovideindepthreferencematerialforgettingthemostoutofthe
sophisticatedfeaturesofWorkstation.
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Integrated Virtual Debuggers

WiththenewWorkstationIDE(integrateddevelopmentenvironment)plugins,
softwaredevelopersareprovidedwithaconfigurableinterfacebetweentheirvirtual
machinesandVisualStudio(Windowsonly)orEclipse(WindowsorLinux)thatlets
themeasilytest,run,anddebugprogramsinvirtualmachines.
Youcanspecifysettingssuchasthelocationofthevirtualmachine,whichsetupor
cleanupscriptstoexecute,thelocationofsharedfolders,and(inVisualStudio)
directoriestobecopiedbetweenthehostandguest.
Whenconfigured,theintegratedvirtualdebuggerfindsthevirtualmachine,powersit
onifnecessary,setsuptheenvironmentbasedonyourconfigurationsettings,and
launchesorattachestotheapplication.Allbreakpoints,watchpoints,andsoonthat
yousetinyourIDEwillfunctionasifyouwererunningyourapplicationonthehost
computer.
Dependingontheconfigurationsettingyouspecify,whentheapplicationfinishes
running,thevirtualmachineispoweredoff,suspended,revertedtoasnapshot,orleft
initscurrentstate.
ForinformationaboutusingtheWorkstationIDEplugins,seeAppendix B,Usingthe
EclipseIntegratedVirtualDebugger,onpage 415andAppendix C,UsingtheVisual
StudioIntegratedVirtualDebugger,onpage 427.
VMware Player 2.0

WhenyouinstallWorkstation,VMwarePlayer2.0isalsoinstalled.Thisnewversionof
PlayerprovidesauserfriendlyWelcomepagethatgivesyoutheoptionofbrowsingto
avirtualmachinefile,downloadingavirtualappliancefromtheVMTN(VMware
TechnologyNetwork)website,oropeningarecentlyusedvirtualmachine.Ifyou
downloadanappliance,youcanthenusePlayersnewapplianceviewwhenrunning
avirtualappliance.
Player2.0alsoenablesyoutosharefoldersbetweenthehostandguestoperating
systems.
FormoreinformationaboutthebuiltinVMwarePlayer,seeSharingVirtual
MachineswithVMwarePlayeronpage 194.
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Easy Upgrade or Downgrade of VMware Virtual Machines

AnewChangeVersionwizardstepsyouthroughtheprocessofupgradingor
downgradingvirtualmachinesbetweenWorkstationversions4,5,and6.
Thewizardhelpsyoudeterminewhichvirtualhardwareversiontouseforvarious
VMwareproducts.Youhavethechoiceofeitherchangingtheversionoftheoriginal
virtualmachineorcreatingafullclone.Formoreinformation,seeChangingthe
VersionoftheVirtualMachineonpage 61.
Running Virtual Machines in the Background

YounolongerneedtopoweroffvirtualmachineswhenyouexitWorkstation.Youcan
leavevirtualmachinesrunninginthebackground,evenwhenWorkstationisnot
running.Onthehost,aniconinthenotificationareaofthetaskbarindicateshowmany
virtualmachinesarerunninginthebackground.Clicktheicontodisplayalistofthe
poweredonvirtualmachines.SeeClosingVirtualMachinesandExitingWorkstation
onpage 86.
YoucantheninteractwithvirtualmachinesoutsideofWorkstationbyusingaVNC
(virtualnetworkcomputing)connection.SeeUsingaVNCClientforRemote
ConnectionstoaVirtualMachineonpage 184.
YoucanalsolaunchavirtualmachineinthebackgroundbyusingtheVMware
ProgrammingAPI(knownasVIX),andlaterconnecttothepoweredonvirtual
machinewithWorkstation.
Support for Multiple-Monitor Displays

Youcanspecifyhowmanymonitorsavirtualmachinecandetect,regardlessofhow
manymonitorsareattachedtothehost.Thisfeatureisespeciallyusefulifyouplanto
deploythevirtualmachinetoadifferenthostafteryoucreateit.
Youcanalsospecifywhichscreenresolutiontouse.Formoreinformation,seeUsing
MultipleMonitorsonpage 162.
Increase in Number of Ethernet Adapters Supported

Youcannowhaveatotalof10Ethernetadaptersforavirtualmachine.
New 64-Bit Sound Driver

VMwareToolsinstallsasounddriverin64bitWindowsguestoperatingsystems.
Newlycreated64bitWindowsvirtualmachinesarenowconfiguredwithaudio
hardwarebydefault.SeeSoundonpage 41.
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RedHatEnterpriseLinux5.0
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer9SP4
openSUSE10.2(formerlyknownasSUSELinux10.2)
openSUSE10.3
UbuntuLinux6.10
UbuntuLinux7.04
MandrivaLinux2007
MandrivaCorporateDesktop4.0
Supportforthefollowing64bithostshasbeenadded:
WindowsVistaEnterprise
WindowsVistaBusiness
WindowsVistaHomeBasicandPremium
WindowsVistaUltimate
WindowsServer2008
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.5(formerlycalled4.0Update5)
openSUSE10.3
UbuntuLinux6.10
UbuntuLinux7.04
MandrivaLinux2007
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openSUSE10.3
Turbolinux10Server
Solarisx8610Update3
UbuntuLinux6.10
UbuntuLinux7.04
MandrivaLinux2007
FreeBSD6.2
Improved 64-Bit Guest Support

Inadditiontoother64bitguestoperatingsystemssupportedonIntelandAMD
systems,64bitguestoperatingsystemsthatrunonIntelEM64TVTcapableprocessors
arefullysupported.
Appliance View for Virtual Appliances

Ifyousetupavirtualmachinetoactasanappliance,suchasaWebserverwitha
browserbasedinterface,specifythedefaultviewasthenewapplianceview,rather
thantheoperatingsystemconsole.Theapplianceviewgivesyouabriefdescriptionof
thetypeofserverorapplianceandprovidesalinkthatopensabrowseronthehost
systemandconnectstoappliancesmanagementconsole.Theapplianceviewis
availableforWorkstation6virtualmachines.SeeDisplayingtheVirtualMachineasan
Applianceonpage 170.
Monitor the Status of a Battery from the Guest Operating

System
Ifyouarerunningavirtualmachineonalaptop,youcanconfigurethevirtualmachine
tomonitorthestateofthehostsphysicalbattery.Ifyourguestoperatingsystemis
configuredtorespondtolowbatterysituations,itcandosoeffectively.SeeReporting
BatteryInformationintheGuestOperatingSystemonpage 160.
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Enhanced Ability to Restrict Shared Folders

Asasecurityprecaution,afeaturehasbeenaddedthatdisablessharedfoldersfor
virtualmachinesthatyoudownloadorcopyfromanotherlocation.Thischange
protectsyoufrompoweringonamaliciousvirtualmachinethatmightuseshared
folderstogainaccesstodataonyourhostmachine.Youcan,however,changethis
defaultbehavior.
IfyouhaveapreviousversionofWorkstationandyouusedsharedfolders,youwill
find,afterupgradingtoWorkstation 6.0,thatyouwillneedtoreenablefoldersharing.
Youhavevariouslevelsofsecuritywhensharingfolders:
Enablesomeorallsharedfoldersforaparticularvirtualmachine.
Setsharedfolderstobedisabledatthenextpoweron.
Setadefaulttoenableallsharedfoldersthatmightbepresentinvirtualmachines
thatyoudidnotcreateyourself.
SeeUsingSharedFoldersonpage 173.
VMwarePlayer2.0nowallowsyoutousesharedfolders.SeeSharingVirtual
MachineswithVMwarePlayeronpage 194.
Enhanced File Sharing and Copy and Paste Functionality

FollowingisalistofenhancementsfortheWorkstation6.0release:
UsesharedfoldersonaSolarisguest.(Previously,sharedfolderswereavailable
onlyforLinuxandWindowsguests.)SeeUsingSharedFoldersonpage 173.
DraganddropfilesbetweenaLinuxorWindowshostandaLinux,Windows,or
Solarisguest.(LinuxhostsandLinuxandSolarisguestsmustberunningX
Windows.)SeeUsingDragandDroponpage 171.
CopyandpastetextbetweenaWindowsorLinuxhostandaWindows,Linux,or
Solarisguest.SeeUsingCopyandPasteonpage 172.
Copyandpastefiles,notjusttext,betweenaWindowsorLinuxhostanda
Windows,Linux,orSolarisguest.SeeUsingCopyandPasteonpage 172.
OnLinuxhostsandguests,manyimprovementshavebeenmadetoperformance,
permissionshandling,andsharemounting,asdescribedinSharedFolderson
LinuxGuests:PermissionsandFolderMountingonpage 178.
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Memory
512MBminimum(2GBisrecommended).
Youmusthaveenoughmemorytorunthehostoperatingsystem,plusthememory
requiredforeachguestoperatingsystemandforapplicationsonthehostandguest.See
yourguestoperatingsystemandapplicationdocumentationfortheirmemory
requirements.
Asofversion6.0ofWorkstation,thetotalamountofmemoryyoucanassigntoall
virtualmachinesrunningonasinglehostisunlimited.Themaximumamountof
memorypervirtualmachineis8GB.
Display
16bitor32bitdisplayadapterisrecommended.
Disk Drives
Guestoperatingsystemscanresideonphysicaldiskpartitionsorinvirtualdiskfiles.
Hard Disk
IDEandSCSIharddrivessupported.
Atleast1GBfreediskspacerecommendedforeachguestoperatingsystemandthe
applicationsoftwareusedwithit.Ifyouuseadefaultsetup,theactualdiskspace
needsareapproximatelythesameasthoseforinstallingandrunningtheguest
operatingsystemandapplicationsonaphysicalcomputer.
Forinstallation200MB(Linux)or900MB(Windows)freediskspacerequiredfor
basicinstallation.Youcandeletetheinstallerafterwardstoreclaimdiskspace.
Optical CD-ROM/DVD-ROM Drive
IDEandSCSIopticaldrivessupported.
CDROMandDVDROMdrivessupported.
ISOdiskimagefilessupported.
Floppy Drives
Virtualmachinescanconnecttothehostsfloppydrives.Floppydiskimagefilesare
alsosupported.
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Windows Host Operating Systems (64-Bit)
WindowsVistaEnterpriseEdition
WindowsVistaBusinessEdition
WindowsVistaHomeBasicandPremiumEditions
WindowsVistaUltimateEdition
WindowsServer2008x64EditionSP1
WindowsServer2003x64EditionSP1
WindowsServer2003x64EditionR2
WindowsXPProfessionalx64Edition
AWebbrowserisrequiredfortheHelpsystem.
Linux Host Operating Systems (32-Bit)

Supporteddistributionsandkernelsarelistedbelow.Workstationmightnotrunon
systemsthatdonotmeettheserequirements.
NOTEAsnewerLinuxkernelsanddistributionsarereleased,VMwaremodifiesand
testsitsproductsforstabilityandreliabilityonthosehostplatforms.VMwaremakes
everyefforttoaddsupportfornewkernelsanddistributionsinatimelymanner,but
untilakernelordistributionisaddedtothelistbelow,itsusewithVMwareproducts
isnotsupported.Lookfornewerprebuiltmodulesinthedownloadareaofthe
VMwareWebsite.Gotowww.vmware.com/download/.
MandrivaLinux2006and2007
MandrivaCorporateServer4.0
MandrakeLinux10.1
MandrakeLinux9.0stock2.4.19
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxWS4.5(formerlycalled4.0Update5)
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxAS4.0,updates1,2,3,4
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxES4.0,updates1,2,3,4
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxWS4.0,updates1,2,3,4
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxAS3.0,updates1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxES3.0,updates1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxWS3.0,updates1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
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Linux Host Operating Systems (64-Bit)

Supporteddistributionsandkernelsarelistedbelow.Workstationmightnotrunon
systemsthatdonotmeettheserequirements.
NOTEAsnewerLinuxkernelsanddistributionsarereleased,VMwaremodifiesand
testsitsproductsforstabilityandreliabilityonthosehostplatforms.VMwaremakes
everyefforttoaddsupportfornewkernelsanddistributionsinatimelymanner,but
untilakernelordistributionisaddedtothelistbelow,itsusewithVMwareproducts
isnotsupported.Lookfornewerprebuiltmodulesinthedownloadareaofthe
VMwareWebsite.Gotowww.vmware.com/download/.
MandrivaCorporateServer4.0
Important:On64bitMandrivahosts,some32bitcompatibilitylibrariesare
required.Specifically,32bitglibc,X11,andlibXtst.soarerequired.
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.5(formerlycalled4.0Update5)
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxAS4.0,updates3,4
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxES4.0,updates3,4
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxWS4.0,updates3,4
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxAS3.0,stock2.4.21,updates2.4.2115,6,7,8
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxES3.0,stock2.4.21,updates2.4.2115,6,7,8
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxWS3.0,stock2.4.21,updates2.4.2115,6,7,8
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer9,SP1,SP2,SP3
(Listedversionsarealsosupportedwithnoservicepack.)
openSUSE10.3
SUSELinux10.1
SUSELinux10
SUSELinux9.3
SUSELinux9.2,SP1
SUSELinux9.1stock2.6.452
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Memory
Upto8GB,dependingonhostmemory.
Nomaximumlimitforthetotalavailableforallvirtualmachines.
Graphics
VGAandSVGAsupport
IDE Drives
Uptofourdevicesdisks,CDROMorDVDROM(DVDdrivescanbeusedto
readdataDVDROMdiscs;DVDvideoisnotsupported).
Harddiskscanbevirtualdisksorphysicaldisks.
IDEvirtualdisksupto950GB.
CDROMcanbeaphysicaldeviceoranISOimagefile.
SCSI Devices
Upto60devices.
SCSIvirtualdisksupto950GB.
Harddiskscanbevirtualdisksorphysicaldisks.
GenericSCSIsupportallowsdevicestobeusedwithoutneedfordriversinthe
hostoperatingsystem.Workswithscanners,CDROM,DVDROM,tapedrives
andotherSCSIdevices.
LSILogicLSI53C10xxUltra320SCSII/Ocontroller.
Mylex(BusLogic)BT958compatiblehostbusadapter(requiresaddondriver
fromVMwareforWindowsXPandWindowsServer2003).
Floppy Drives
Uptotwo1.44MBfloppydevices.
Physicaldrivesorfloppyimagefiles.
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Sound
Soundoutputandinput.
EmulatesCreativeLabsSoundBlasterAudioPCI.(MIDIinput,gamecontrollers
andjoysticksarenotsupported,exceptforUSBdevices.)
Virtual Networking
Supportfor10virtualEthernetswitchesonMicrosoftWindowshostoperating
systems.Supportfor100virtualEthernetswitchesonLinuxhosts.Threeswitches
areconfiguredbydefaultforbridged,hostonly,andNATnetworking.
SupportformostEthernetbasedprotocols,includingTCP/IP,NetBEUI,Microsoft
Networking,Samba,NovellNetware,andNetworkFileSystem.
BuiltinNATsupportsclientsoftwareusingTCP/IP,FTP,DNS,HTTP,andTelnet,
includingVPNsupportforPPTPoverNAT.
Supported Guest Operating Systems

Thissectionprovidesasimplifiedlistofguestoperatingsystemssupportedforvirtual
machinesrunninginVMwareWorkstation.Forthemostrecentlistofsupportedguest
operatingsystems,includingdetailedinformationaboutthespecificoperatingsystem
versions,servicepacks,andupdatessupported,seetheVMwareGuestOperatingSystem
InstallationGuide,athttp://pubs.vmware.com/guestnotes/.Thisguidealsoprovides
notesoninstallingthemostcommonguestoperatingsystems.
OperatingsystemsthatarenotlistedarenotsupportedforuseinaWorkstationvirtual
machine.
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Linux 32-Bit
MandrakeLinux
RedHatLinux
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxAdvancedServer,EnterpriseServer,andWorkstation
SUSELinux
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer
openSUSELinux
TurbolinuxServer,EnterpriseServer,Workstation,Desktop
NovellLinuxDesktop
SunJavaDesktopSystem(JDS)
UbuntuLinux
Turbolinux10Server
SeetheVMwareGuestOperatingSystemInstallationGuideforversiondetailsaboutthese
operatingsystems,athttp://pubs.vmware.com/guestnotes/.
Linux 64-Bit
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxAdvancedServer,EnterpriseServer,andWorkstation
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer
SUSELinux
openSUSELinux
UbuntuLinux
Turbolinux10Server
SeetheVMwareGuestOperatingSystemInstallationGuideforversiondetailsaboutthese
operatingsystems,athttp://pubs.vmware.com/guestnotes/.
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Support for 64-Bit Guest Operating Systems

Workstationsupportsvirtualmachineswith64bitguestoperatingsystems,running
onhostmachineswiththefollowingprocessors:
AMDAthlon64,revisionDorlater
AMDOpteron,revisionEorlater
AMDTurion64,revisionEorlater
AMDSempron,64bitcapablerevisionDorlater
IntelEM64TVTcapableprocessors
Workstationsupportsvirtualmachineswith64bitguestoperatingsystemsonlyon
hostmachinesthathaveoneofthesupported64bitprocessors.Whenyoupowerona
virtualmachinewitha64bitguestoperatingsystem,Workstationperformsaninternal
check:ifthehostCPUisnotasupported64bitprocessor,youcannotpoweronthe
virtualmachine.
VMwarealsoprovidesastandaloneutilitythatyoucanusewithoutWorkstationto
performthesamecheckanddeterminewhetheryourCPUissupportedfor
Workstationvirtualmachineswith64bitguestoperatingsystems.Youcandownload
the64bitprocessorcheckutilityfromwww.vmware.com/download.
Workstationsupportsvirtualmachineswith64bitguestoperatingsystemsonlyin
versions5.5andlater.IfyourversionofWorkstationis5.0orearlier,upgradetoversion
6.0orlaterfor64bitguestoperatingsystemsupport.Avirtualmachinecreatedin
Workstationversion5.5witha64bitoperatingsystemcannotbepoweredonor
resumedinWorkstationversions5.0andearlier.
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45
Installing VMware
Workstation
ThischapterdiscusseshowtoinstallWorkstationonyourLinuxorWindowshost
system.Thischaptercontainsthefollowingtopics:
InstallationPrerequisitesonpage 47
InstallingWorkstationonaWindowsHostonpage 48
InstallingWorkstationonaLinuxHostonpage 53
WheretoGoNextonpage 56
Ifyouareupgradingratherthanperformingafreshinstallation,seeChapter 3,
UpgradingVMwareWorkstation,onpage 57.
Installation Prerequisites
InstallingVMwareWorkstationisusuallyasimpleprocessofrunningastandard
installationwizard.Thissectionoutlinesthetasksyouneedtoperformbeforestarting
aninstallation,anditcontainsanimportantnoteaboutthecompatibilityofhaving
multipleVMwareproductsinstalledonthesamecomputerasWorkstation.
Beforeyoubegininstallation,besureyouhave:
CompatiblehostVerifythatthecomputerandhostoperatingsystemmeetthe
systemrequirementsforrunningWorkstation,asdescribedinHostSystem
Requirementsonpage 32.
WorkstationinstallationsoftwareIfyouboughtthepackageddistributionof
Workstation,theinstallationsoftwareisontheCDinyourpackage.Ifyoubought
theelectronicdistribution,theinstallationsoftwareisinthefileyoudownloaded.
VMwareWorkstationisavailableforbothWindowsandLinuxhostcomputers.
TheinstallationfilesforbothhostplatformsareincludedonthesameCDROM.
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Chapter 2 Installing VMware Workstation
To install Workstation on a Windows host

1
LogintoyourMicrosoftWindowshostastheAdministratoruserorasauserwho
isamemberoftheWindowsAdministratorsgroup.
Loginaslocaladministrator(thatis,donotlogontothedomain,unlessyour
domainaccountisalsoalocaladministrator).
AlthoughanadministratormustinstallWorkstation,anormaluserwithout
administrativeprivilegescanruntheprogramafteritisinstalled.
NOTEYouneedonelicenseforeachuser.
FromtheStartmenu,chooseRun,andspecifythepathtoeithertheCDROM
driveorthedownloadedinstallerfile:
IfyouareinstallingfromaCD,enterD:\setup.exe,whereD:isthedrive
letterforyourCDROMdrive.
Ifyouareinstallingfromadownloadedfile,browsetothedirectorywhere
yousavedthedownloadedinstallerfile,andruntheinstaller.(Thefilenameis
similartoVMware-workstation-<xxxx-xxxx>.exe,where<xxxx-xxxx>is
aseriesofnumbersrepresentingtheversionandbuildnumbers.)
OnWindowsVista,whentheUserAccountControldialogboxappears,
promptingyouforpermissiontoruntheinstaller,clickContinue.
NOTEIfyouhaveanearlierversionofWorkstationinstalledonyoursystem,the
installerremovesthatversionbeforeinstallingthenewversion.Afterthe
uninstallationiscomplete,youmightbepromptedtorestartyourcomputerbefore
theinstallercaninstallthenewversion.
3
Whenthewizardopensandfinishescomputingspacerequirements,clickNextto
dismisstheWelcomepage.
OntheSetupTypepage,selectTypicalunlessyoudonotwanttoinstallthe
applicableWorkstationIDEplugins,orifyouhaveEclipseinstalledina
nonstandardlocation:
VMware, Inc.
IfyouhaveVisualStudio2005orEclipseinstalled,theinstallerinstallsan
integratedvirtualdebugger(IDEplugin).Ifyoudontwantaplugin
installed,selecttheCustomsetup,andselectnottoinstallthatcomponent.
IfyouhaveEclipseinstalledinadifferentdirectorythanC:\Eclipseor
C:\Program Files\Eclipseandyouwanttoinstalltheintegratedvirtual
debuggerforit,selecttheCustomsetup,andselecttoinstallthatcomponent.
49
Someinstallationsmightrequirethatyourebootyourcomputer.Whenyourestart,you
dontneedtologinasauserwithAdministratorprivileges.
Installing Workstation Silently

IfyouareinstallingWorkstationonseveralWindowshostcomputers,youmightwant
tousethesilentinstallationfeatureoftheMicrosoftWindowsInstaller.Thisfeatureis
convenient,forexample,inalargeenterprise.
BeforeinstallingWorkstationsilently,ensurethatthehostcomputerhasversion2.0or
higheroftheMSIruntimeengine.Thisversionoftheinstallerisavailableinversionsof
WindowsbeginningwithWindowsXPandisavailableseparatelyfromMicrosoft.For
additionaldetailsonusingtheMicrosoftWindowsInstaller,seetheMicrosoftWebsite.
To install Workstation silently
1
SilentlyextracttheadministrativeinstallationimagefromtheVMware
Workstationinstaller:
setup.exe /a /s /v"/qn TARGETDIR=<InstallTempPath>"
setup.exeisthenameoftheinstallerontheCDdistribution.Ifyouareusinga
downloadedinstaller,thefilenameissimilarto
VMwareWorkstation-<xxxx>.exe,where<xxxx>isaseriesofnumbers
representingtheversionandbuildnumbers.
<InstallTempPath>isthefullpathtothefolderwhereyouwanttostorethe
administrativeinstallationimage.
2
Runasilentinstallationusingmsiexecandtheadministrativeinstallationimage
youextractedinthepreviousstep:
msiexec -i "<InstallTempPath>\VMware Workstation.msi"
[INSTALLDIR="<PathToProgramDirectory>"] ADDLOCAL=ALL
[REMOVE=<featurename,featurename>] /qn
Enterthecommandononeline.ToinstallWorkstationinalocationotherthanthe
default,changethepaththatfollowsINSTALLDIR=tospecifythelocation.
UsetheoptionalREMOVE=<property>toskipinstallationofcertainfeatures.The
REMOVE=<property>settingcantakeoneormoreofthevalueslistedinTable 21.
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Installing Workstation on a Linux Host

Beforeyoubegin,readthefollowingnotesandmakeadjustmentstoyourhostsystem:
Ifyouhaveaprevioustarinstallation,deletethepreviousvmware-distrib
directorybeforeinstallingfromatarfileagain.Thelocationofthisdirectory
dependsonwhereyouplaceditwhenyoudidthepreviousinstallation.Oftenitis
placedin:
/tmp/vmware-distrib
TherealtimeclockfunctionmustbecompiledintoyourLinuxkernel.
WorkstationforLinuxrequiresthattheparallelportPCstylehardwareoption
(CONFIG_PARPORT_PC)bebuiltandloadedasakernelmodule(thatis,itmust
besettomwhenthekerneliscompiled).
TousetheWorkstationHelpsystem,youmusthaveaWebbrowserinstalledon
yourhostcomputer.
NOTEThefollowingproceduredescribesaninstallationfromaCDROMdisc.If
youdownloadedthesoftware,thestepsarethesame,exceptthatyoustartfrom
thedirectorywhereyousavedtheinstallerfileyoudownloaded,notfromthe
LinuxdirectoryontheCD.
To install Workstation on a Linux host

1
LogontoyourLinuxhostwiththeusernameyouplantousewhenrunning
Workstation.
Inaterminalwindow,usethefollowingcommandtobecomerootsoyoucan
performtheinitialinstallationsteps:
su -
MounttheWorkstationCDROM.
Changetothe LinuxdirectoryontheCD.
Continueinstallationwiththeappropriatesectionforyourdesiredinstaller:
VMware, Inc.
UsingthetarInstalleronpage 54
UsingtheRPMInstalleronpage 54
53
NOTEIfyouruntheRPMinstaller,youneedtorunthisprogramseparatelyfromthe
commandline.Ifyouinstallfromthetararchive,theinstallerofferstolaunchthe
configurationprogramforyou.AnswerYeswhenyouseetheprompt.
Required Configuration Changes

Configurationwithvmware-config.pl isrequiredinthefollowingcircumstances:
WhenyouinstallVMwareWorkstationthefirsttime.
WhenyouupgradeyourversionofWorkstation.
Whenyouupgradeyourhostoperatingsystemkernel.(Itisnotnecessaryto
reinstallWorkstationafteryouupgradeyourkernel.)
ToreconfigurethenetworkingoptionsforWorkstationforexample,toaddor
removehostonlynetworking.
Location of vmware-config.pl
Theinstallerplacesvmware-config.plin/usr/bin.If/usr/binisnotinyour
defaultpath,runtheprogramwiththefollowingcommand:
/usr/bin/vmware-config.pl
Running vmware-config.pl
Afteryouruntheinstallertoperformafreshinstallationoranupgrade,youneedto
runvmware-config.pl.Ifyouhavenotalreadydoneso,openaterminalwindowand
becomerootbeforeperformingthefollowingprocedure.
To use vmware-config.pl
1
Usethefollowingcommandtostarttheprogramifnecessary:
vmware-config.pl
Respondtotheprompts.Inmostcases,thedefaultresponseisappropriate.
Takethefollowingconsiderationsintoaccount:
IfyouhaveEclipseinstalledandwanttoinstallWorkstationsIntegrated
VirtualDebuggerforEclipse,enterYes,whenprompted.(ThedefaultisNo.)
IfyouwanttoinstalltheIntegratedVirtualDebuggerforEclipse,whenyou
arepromptedtoinstalltheVIXAPIandacceptitslicenseagreement,doso.
ThedebuggercannotrunwithouttheVIXAPI.
Iftheconfigurationprogramdoesnotdisplayamessagesayingtheconfiguration
completedsuccessfully,runtheconfigurationprogramagain.
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Upgrading VMware
Workstation
ThischapterdiscusseshowtoupgradeVMwareWorkstation4or5onyourLinuxor
Windowshostsystem,andhowtouseexistingvirtualmachinesunderWorkstation 6.
Thischaptercontainsthefollowingtopics:
PreparingfortheUpgradeonpage 57
UpgradingonaWindowsHostonpage 59
UpgradingonaLinuxHostonpage 60
UsingWorkstation4or5VirtualMachinesinWorkstation 6onpage 61
DirectupgradesfromaWorkstation3virtualmachinearenotsupportedin
Workstation6.
Preparing for the Upgrade

Thissectionliststhetasksyouneedtoperformtoensurethebestpossibleupgrade
experience.
Removing Snapshots and Shutting Down Suspended Virtual

Machines
TousevirtualmachinescreatedinanearlierversionofWorkstation,youcanupgrade
thevirtualmachineafteryouupgradetothenewreleaseofWorkstation.Ifthevirtual
machinewascreatedwithaversionofWorkstationearlierthanWorkstation5.5andit
hasasnapshot,removethesnapshotbeforeupgrading,asdescribedinWorkingwith
SnapshotsintheSnapshotManageronpage 233.
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Chapter 3 Upgrading VMware Workstation
Upgrading on a Windows Host

YoucanupgradefromWorkstationversion4or5toversion6byrunningtheVMware
Workstation6installationprogram,asdescribedinthissection.Makesurethatyou
haveaWorkstation6serialnumberbeforeyoustart.Upgradesfromearlierversionsof
Workstationarenotsupported.Formoreinformation,seeRemovingWorkstation2or
3toInstallWorkstation6onpage 58.
To upgrade from Workstation version 4 or 5
1
LogintoyourMicrosoftWindowshostastheAdministratoruserorasauserwho
isamemberoftheWindowsAdministratorsgroup.
LaunchtheWorkstation6installerfromyourdownloaddirectoryorCDROM.
Workstationautomaticallyuninstallsthepreviousversion.
Rebootyourcomputerifyouarepromptedtodoso,andloginagainasthe
AdministratoruserorasauserwhoisamemberoftheWindowsAdministrators
group.
Completetheinstallationwizard.
Fordetailedinstructionsonrunningtheinstaller,seeInstallingWorkstationona
WindowsHostonpage 48.
Rebootyourcomputerifyouarepromptedtodoso.
Youcannowloginasyounormallydo.Youdonotneedtologinasan
AdministratornowthatWorkstationisinstalled.
Upgrading to a Windows Vista Host

ThissectionprovidesinstructionsforvariousupgradescenariosthatinvolveWindows
Vista.InsectionsthatinstructyoutouninstallWorkstation5,youneedonlyuninstall
theVMwareWorkstationapplication,notthevirtualmachinesthatyouhavecreated.
AfteryouuninstallWorkstation5andtheninstallWorkstation6,youcanpoweronthe
virtualmachinesandupgradethemifyouwantto.Thisprocedureisdescribedin
ChangingtheVersionoftheVirtualMachineonpage 61.
DuringtheupgradefromWindowsXPtoWindowsVista,thelocationofvirtual
machinesmightgetchanged.TheWindowsVistaupgradeusestheregistrytomapthe
previouslocationofanyvirtualmachinesstoredin:
C:\Documents and Settings\<user>\My Virtual Machines
to
C:\Users\<user>\Documents\My Virtual Machines
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IfyouusedthetarinstallertoinstallWorkstationversion4or5andyouplantousethe
tarinstallerforversion6,youdonotneedtouninstalltheolderversion.
Similarly,ifyouusedtheRMPinstallertoinstallversion4or5andyouplantousethe
RMPinstallerforversion6,youdonotneedtouninstalltheolderversion.
Ifyouusedatarinstallertoinstallversion4or5,andyouwanttousetheRPMinstaller
forversion6,orthereverse,youdonotneedtouninstalltheolderversion.
Using Workstation 4 or 5 Virtual Machines in

Workstation 6
Useeitheroftheseapproaches:
UsinganOlderVersionVirtualMachineWithoutUpgradingonpage 61
ChangingtheVersionoftheVirtualMachineonpage 61
Using an Older-Version Virtual Machine Without Upgrading

Youmightnotwanttoupgradeavirtualmachinebecauseyouwantittoremain
compatiblewithotherVMwareproductsyouareusing.Followingisabriefsummary
ofVMwareproductversioncompatibility:
AvirtualmachinecreatedinWorkstation4.xiscompatiblewithGSXServer3.x,
ESXServer2.x,andACE1.0.
AvirtualmachinecreatedinWorkstation5.xiscompatiblewithVMwareServer
1.x,ESXServer3.x,andVMwarePlayer1.x.
YoucanrunthesevirtualmachinesinWorkstation6,butyouwillnothavethebenefits
ofthenewfeaturesofWorkstation6.
FormoreinformationaboutcompatibilitybetweenVMwareproducts,refertothe
VMwareVirtualMachineMobilityPlanningGuide.
Ifyoudecidenottoupgradeavirtualmachine,youstillneedtoupgradeVMwareTools
tothenewversion.Followtheinstructionsforyourguestoperatingsystemin
InstallingandUpgradingVMwareToolsonpage 115.Donotremovetheolder
versionofVMwareToolsbeforeinstallingthenewversion.
Changing the Version of the Virtual Machine

IfyoucreatedvirtualmachineswithanearlierversionofWorkstation,youwill
probablywanttoupgradetothelatestversionsothatyoucanenjoythebenefitsofthe
newestfeatures.Formoreinformationaboutnewfeatures,seeWhatsNewin
Version 6onpage 22.
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To change the virtual hardware version of a virtual machine

1
Intheguestoperatingsystem,makeanoteoftheNICsettings.
Specifically,ifyouhavespecifiedastaticIPaddressforthisvirtualmachine,after
theupgrade,thatsettingcouldgetchangedtoautomaticassignmentbyDHCP.
TochecktheNICsettings,usethemethodappropriateforyouroperatingsystem.
Forexample,onWindowsXP,youcanusetheControlPanelsNetwork
ConnectionsitemtofindinformationabouttheTCP/IPaddressforthevirtual
machine.
Shutdowntheguestoperatingsystemandpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
Selectthevirtualmachineand,fromtheWorkstationmenubar,choose
VM>Upgrade or Change Version.
CompletethepagesoftheChangeVersionwizard.
Whenyouselectahardwarecompatibilityversion,youseealistoftheVMware
productsthatarecompatiblewiththatversion.IfyouselectWorkstation4or5,you
alsoseealistofWorkstation6featuresthatarenotsupportedforthatversion.
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
Intheguestoperatingsystem,checktheNICsettingsandadjustthemifthey
changed,asdescribedinStep 1.
IfthevirtualmachinedoesnothavethelatestversionofVMwareToolsinstalled,
upgradeVMwareTools.
Evenif,forexample,youupgradedaversion4virtualmachinetoversion5rather
thanversion6,youshouldstillupgradeVMwareToolstotheversionofTools
includedwithWorkstation6.RefertoInstallingandUpgradingVMwareTools
onpage 115.DonotremovetheolderversionofVMwareToolsbeforeinstalling
thenewversion.
NOTEIfyouareupgradingavirtualmachinethatrunsfromaphysicaldisk,you
cansafelyignorethemessage:Unabletoupgrade<drivename>.Oneofthe
suppliedparametersisinvalid.ClickOKtocontinuetheupgrade.
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Learning Workstation
Basics
ThischapterdiscusseslaunchingtheWorkstationprogramandintroducestheVMware
Workstationwindow.Thischaptercontainsthefollowingtopics:
StartingWorkstationonpage 66
OverviewoftheWorkstationWindowonpage 66
CheckingforProductUpdatesonpage 78
IntroductiontoCreatingaVirtualMachineonpage 79
IntroductiontoWorkstationPreferencesonpage 81
IntroductiontoVirtualMachineSettingsonpage 83
ClosingVirtualMachinesandExitingWorkstationonpage 86
KeyboardShortcutsonpage 87
TheillustrationsinthesesectionsshowaWindowsXPguestoperatingsystem.
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Chapter 4 Learning Workstation Basics
machinesandteamsofvirtualmachines.Youcanalsoswitcheasilyfromoneto
another.
ThissectionshowsyouhowtonavigateandusetheVMwareWorkstationwindow,and
howtosetupalistoffavorites.Favoritesarevirtualmachinesandteamsthatyouuse
oftenandwanttoaccessquickly.
Figure 4-1. VMware Workstation Window
menus
toolbar
tabs
,
sidebar
status
bar
home page,
summary, or
console
view
message
log
TheVMwareWorkstationwindowcontainsthefollowingsections:
Homepage,summary,console,orapplianceviewThismainpartofthewindow
showsyourvirtualmachines.
TabsEachopenvirtualmachinehasitsowntab.Clickatabtomakethatvirtual
machineactive.ClicktheXtoclosethetab.Dependingonhowyouconfigure
Workstation,thevirtualmachineistheneitherpoweredofforcontinuestorunin
thebackground.
SidebarBookmarkyourfavoritevirtualmachinesandteamsofvirtualmachines
forquickaccess.Youcanalsoseewhichvirtualmachinesarepoweredon.
Rightclickcontextmenusenableyoutoperformmanyoperationsonaselected
virtualmachine.
IfyouhaveWorkstationACEEdition,anadditionalsectionofthesidebardisplays
ACEManagementServers.Foradescriptionofthisproduct,seeUpgradePathto
WorkstationACEEditiononpage 22.
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67
Figure 42showsanexampleofthesummaryviewforWorkstation.Thesummary
viewforWorkstationACEEditionincludesadditionalsectionsforpolicies,package
settingsandhistory,andotherACEspecificfunctionality.Formoreinformation,see
theVMwareACEAdministratorsManual.
Figure 4-2. Summary View for a Virtual Machine (Windows Host)
Summary View button
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Figure 4-4. Appliance View (Windows Host)

Appliance View button
Applianceviewisavailableonlyforvirtualmachinesthatyoudesignateasappliances,
asdescribedinDisplayingtheVirtualMachineasanApplianceonpage 170.
Displaying Multiple Virtual Machines at the Same Time

Tosimultaneouslyviewmorethanonevirtualmachinewhentheyarenotallonthe
sameteam,openmultipleWorkstationwindowsandlaunchoneormorevirtual
machinesineachWorkstationwindow.Alternately,useateamtocoordinateanduse
multiplevirtualmachineswithinasingleconsolewindow.SeeViewingTeamsand
TheirVirtualMachinesonpage 260foracompletedescriptionoftheconsoleviewfor
teams.
Toolbar Buttons
ThetoolbarareaatthetopoftheVMwareWorkstationwindowcontainsbuttonsyou
canclicktopoweryourvirtualmachinesonandoff,changetheWorkstationdisplay,
managesnapshots,andrecordvirtualmachineactivity.
Figure 4-5. Workstation Toolbar
Power toolbar
VMware, Inc.
Snapshot toolbar
View toolbar
Replay toolbar
71
Viewtoolbar:
ShoworHideSidebarTogglesbetweenshowingandhidingthesidebar.See
Sidebaronpage 75.
QuickSwitchEnlargestheWorkstationconsoletocovertheentirehost
monitor.Consoletabsarevisible,allowingyoutoswitchbetweenyourvirtual
machinesandteamswithasingleclick.SeeUsingQuickSwitchModeon
page 159.
FullScreenEnlargesthevirtualmachinedisplaytocovertheentirehost
monitor.Thevirtualmachinenolongerappearsinawindow.SeeUsingFull
ScreenModeonpage 158.
NOTEWorkstationmenusandtoolbararenotvisibleinfullscreenmode.
Moveyourcursortothetopofthescreentoshowthefullscreentoolbar.Press
Ctrl+Alt+EntertorestoretheWorkstationwindow.
Ifyoucannotenterfullscreenmodewhentheguestsdisplaymodeissmaller
thanthehostsdisplaymode,tryaddingthefollowinglinetothevirtual
machinesconfiguration(.vmx)file:
mks.maxRefreshRate=1000
SeeFilesThatMakeUpaVirtualMachineonpage 110foradescriptionof
thisfile.
SummaryViewDisplaysthesummaryview.SeeSummaryViewon
page 68.
ApplianceViewDisplaystheapplianceview.SeeApplianceViewon
page 70.
ConsoleViewDisplaystheconsoleview.SeeConsoleViewonpage 70.
Replaytoolbar:
ReplayLastRecordingPlaysthelastrecordingmadeforthisvirtual
machine.
RecordBeginsrecordingtheactivityofthisvirtualmachine.
StopStopsrecordingtheactivityofthisvirtualmachine.
Forinformationabouttheexperimentalrecord/replayfeature,seeRecordingand
PlayingBackVirtualMachineActivityonpage 242.
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RightclickthePower,Snapshot,View,orReplaytoolbartoopentheCustomize
Toolbarwindow.
TheCustomizeToolbarwindowforthattoolbarappears.Buttonslistedunder
CurrentToolbarButtonsaredisplayedinthetoolbar,intheordershowninthe
CustomizeToolbarswindow.
Makeanyofthefollowingchanges:
Toaddorremoveabuttonfromthetoolbar,selectthebuttonandclickAddor
Remove.Addaseparatortodisplayaverticallinebetweenthebuttons.
Tochangetheorderofthebuttons,selectanybuttonunderCurrentToolbar
ButtonsandclickMoveUporMoveDowntorearrangethebuttons.
Youcanalsochangetheorderofthecurrentlydisplayedbuttonswithout
openingtheCustomizeToolbarwindow:HolddowntheShiftkeywhileyou
draganddropabuttontoadifferentlocationinthetoolbar.
Torestorethedefaultsetup,withallbuttonsdisplayed,clickReset.
ClickClose.
Sidebar
Thesidebarcontainsalistoffavoritesandshowswhichvirtualmachinesorteamsof
virtualmachinesarecurrentlypoweredon.IfyouhaveWorkstationACEEdition,an
additionalsectionofthesidebardisplaysACEManagementServers.(Foradescription
ofthisproduct,seeUpgradePathtoWorkstationACEEditiononpage 22.)
To toggle the display of the Sidebar list on or off
ChooseView>Sidebar.
Ifthesidebarwasvisible,itbecomeshidden.Ifitwashidden,itisdisplayed.
The Favorites List

TheFavoriteslistletsyouorganizeandaccessfrequentlyuseditems.
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To create folders for organizing favorites

1
RightclickFavorites(oranyitemintheFavoriteslist),andchooseNewFolder.
CompletetheNewFolderdialogboxthatappears.
Youcanalsodraganddropfolderstoplaceoneinsideanother.
DraganddropFavoritesitemsinthedesiredfolder.
To add a virtual machine or team entry to the Favorites list

1
LaunchWorkstation.Forinstructions,seeStartingWorkstationonpage 66.
ChooseFile>Openandbrowsetothelocationofthevirtualmachine(.vmx file)or
team(.vmtm file)thatyouwanttoaddasafavorite.
ChooseFile>AddtoFavorites.
ThevirtualmachineorteamnameappearsintheFavoriteslist.
To add a powered on virtual machine or team to the Favorites list

1
Inthesidebar,rightclickthevirtualmachineorteaminthePoweredOnlist.
Fromthecontextmenuthatappears,chooseAddtoFavorites.
ThevirtualmachinenameappearsintheFavoriteslist.
To remove a name from the Favorites list

1
ClickanameintheFavoriteslisttoselectit.
ChooseFile>RemovefromFavorites.
ThevirtualmachinenameisremovedfromtheFavoriteslist.
YoucanremovethenameofavirtualmachinefromtheFavoriteslistatanytime.
Removingthenamedoesnotaffectthevirtualmachinesfilesoroperation.Youcanadd
thevirtualmachinetothelistagainatanytime.
To remove the currently open virtual machine from the Favorites list
ChooseFile>RemovefromFavorites.
ThevirtualmachineisremovedfromtheFavoriteslist.
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Introduction to Creating a Virtual Machine

Theinstructionsinthissectiongetyoustartedquicklywithcreatingavirtualmachine.
Onceyoucreateavirtualmachine,youwillfindtheinformationintherestofthis
chaptereasiertounderstand.
Theinstructionsinthissectiontellyoutoacceptthedefaultsettingssothatyoucan
completetheNewVirtualMachinewizardquickly.Completingtheprocedureislike
completingatutorial.Later,whenyouwanttocreatevirtualmachinesthatyouactually
useinyourworkorinaproductionenvironment,youwillwantgainadeeper
understandingofalltheoptionsavailable.Thisdetailedinformationisprovidedin
Chapter 5,CreatingaNewVirtualMachine,onpage 89.
IfyouhaveaninstallationCDforaparticularoperatingsystem,usethefollowing
procedure.Forsimplicity,itsrecommendedthatyouuseaWindowsinstallationCD.
MostWindowsoperatingsystemsfitononeCDROM,whereasLinuxrequires
multipleCDs.
To create a virtual machine and install the guest operating system
1
ChooseFile>New>VirtualMachine,tostarttheNewVirtualMachinewizardand
clickNext.
IntheSelecttheAppropriateConfigurationpage,selectTypicalandclickNext.
OntheSelectaGuestOperatingSystempage,selecttheoperatingsystem
(includingtheversion)thatyouintendtoinstallinthenewvirtualmachineand
clickNext.
Completetherestofthewizardpagesasfollows:
NametheVirtualMachinepageClickNexttoacceptthedefault.
NetworkTypepageSelectNATandclickNext.ForWindowsguests,itis
recommendedthatyouuseNATuntilyouinstallsecuritysoftware,suchas
antivirussoftware.
SpecifyDiskCapacitypageClickFinish.
VirtualmachinecreatedsuccessfullyClickClose.
ThevirtualmachineiscreatedanditsnameisaddedtotheFavoriteslist.
6
VMware, Inc.
Inserttheinstallationdiscfortheoperatingsysteminthehostcomputers
CDROMdrive.
79
Introduction to Workstation Preferences

ThePreferencesdialogboxletsyouchangeanumberofsettingsthatapplytoVMware
Workstationitself,nomatterwhichvirtualmachineyouarerunning.
ThedefaultsettingsforWorkstationpreferencesarecorrectformostcases.Youshould
notchangesettingsunlessyouareanexperienceduser.
NOTEOnaLinuxhost,youmustbeloggedinasroottosaveglobalpreference
changes.
Tomakechangestothesesettings,chooseEdit>Preferences.Figure 47showsan
exampleoftheWorkstationpreferenceseditor.
Figure 4-7. Preference Editors Workspace Tab (on a Linux Host)
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81
ToolstabLetsyouspecifywhetheryouwanttoautomaticallyupgradeVMware
ToolsonWindowsandLinuxguestsystemswhenanewversionbecomes
available.OnLinuxhosts,youmustberunningWorkstationasrootinorderto
changethesettingsontheToolstabofthepreferenceseditor.
VMwareToolsisasuiteofutilitiesthatenhancestheperformanceofthevirtual
machinesguestoperatingsystemandimprovesmanagementofthevirtual
machinebyWorkstation.SeeChapter 6,InstallingandUsingVMwareTools,on
page 113.
Devicestab(Windowshostsonly)Bydefault,theautorunfeaturementionedon
thistabisdisabledbydefault.Therefore,youneedtomanuallyconnecttothe
CDROMdrivebyusingtheVM>RemovableDevicesmenu,asdescribedin
ConnectingandDisconnectingRemovableDevicesonpage 182.
Inadditiontothecrossreferencesmentionedinthislist,moreinformationaboutthe
settingsoneachtabisavailableintheWorkstationonlinehelp.ClicktheHelpbutton
inthePreferencesdialogbox.
Thesettingsonthefollowingtabsapplyonlytotheusercurrentlyloggedontothehost
computer:Workspacetab,Inputtab,HotKeystab,Prioritytab,andToolstab.
Thesettingsonthefollowingtabsapplynomatterwhichvirtualmachineisrunningor
whichuserisloggedontothehostcomputer:Displaytab,Memorytab,Lockouttab,
andDevicestab.
Introduction to Virtual Machine Settings

Workstationconfiguresanewvirtualmachinebasedontheguestoperatingsystemyou
selectintheNewVirtualMachinewizard.Afterthevirtualmachineiscreated,youcan
usethevirtualmachinesettingseditor(VM>Settings)tochangeanyconfiguration
optionssetbythewizard.
Hardware Tab
UsetheHardwaretabtoadd,remove,andconfigurevirtualdevicesfortheselected
virtualmachine.Toaddandremovehardware,andtochangemanyofthe
configurationsettings,youneedtopoweroff(butnotclose)thevirtualmachinebefore
displayingthisdialogbox.
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Someoptionsletyouchangesettingsyoumightinitiallymakewhenrunningthe
NewVirtualMachinewizardtocreateavirtualmachine.Forexample,youcanuse
theGeneraloptionstochangethenameofthevirtualmachine.
Figure 4-9. Virtual Machine Settings Options Tab
ThesettingsforthevirtualmachineOptionstabarediscussedlaterinthismanual,in
thetaskspecifictopicsandprocedureswhereyouwouldusethem.Todisplayonline
helpforanitemyouselectintheOptionslist,clicktheHelpbutton.
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Keyboard Shortcuts
Ifyouprefertoworkfromthekeyboard,usethekeyboardshortcutsshowninTable 41.
IfyouchangedthePreferencessettingforthehotkeycombination,substituteyournew
settingforCtrl+AltasneededintheshortcutslistedinTable 41.
Table 4-1. Keyboard Shortcuts
Shortcut
Action
Ctrl+B
Poweron.
Ctrl+E
Poweroff.
Ctrl+R
Resetthepower.
Ctrl+Z
Suspend.
Ctrl+N
Createanewvirtualmachine.
Ctrl+O
Openavirtualmachine.
Ctrl+F4
Closethesummary/consoleviewfortheselectedvirtualmachine.
Aconfirmationdialogappearsonlyifthevirtualmachineispoweredon.
Ctrl+D
Editthevirtualmachinesconfiguration.
F9
Togglebetweendisplayingandhidingthesidebar.
Ctrl+G
Grabinputfromkeyboardandmouse.
Ctrl+P
Editpreferences.
Ctrl+Alt+Enter
Togglebetweenfullscreenmodeandwindowedmode.
Ctrl+Alt
Releasethemousecursor.Ifthevirtualmachineisinthetypeoffullscreen
modecalledexclusivemode,pressingCtrl+Altbringsthevirtualmachine
outofexclusivemodeandintofullscreenmode.
Ctrl+Alt+Tab
Switchamongopenvirtualmachineswhilemouseandkeyboardinput
aregrabbed.
Ctrl+Tab
arenotgrabbed.VMwareWorkstationmustbetheactiveapplication.
Ctrl+Shift+Tab
arenotgrabbed.VMwareWorkstationmustbetheactiveapplication.
Ctrl+Shift+right
arrow
Infullscreenmode,switchtothenextpoweredonvirtualmachine.
Ctrl+Shift+left
arrow
Infullscreenmode,switchtothepreviouspoweredonvirtualmachine.
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Creating a New Virtual

Machine
Thischapterdiscusseshowtocreateanewvirtualmachineandinstallaguest
operatingsystem.Thischaptercontainsthefollowingtopics:
SettingUpaNewVirtualMachineonpage 89
InstallingaGuestOperatingSystemonpage 97
ImportingVirtualMachinesfromOtherFormats(WindowsHostsOnly)on
page 100
FilesThatMakeUpaVirtualMachineonpage 110
Setting Up a New Virtual Machine

Thissectiondescribeshowtocreateanewvirtualmachinefromscratch.Ifinstead,you
wouldliketocreateavirtualmachinefromasystemimageorfromavirtualmachine
fromathirdparty,seeImportingVirtualMachinesfromOtherFormats(Windows
HostsOnly)onpage 100.
Before You Begin

AsyoucompletetheNewVirtualMachinewizard,youarepromptedtomake
decisionsaboutmanyaspectsofthevirtualmachine.Thissectionprovidesinformation
abouttheissuesinvolvedsothatyoucandeterminewhichchoicesyouwanttomake
beforerunningthewizard.
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Chapter 5 Creating a New Virtual Machine
Assignmorethanonevirtualprocessortothevirtualmachine.Thistopicis
discussedinNumberofProcessorsonpage 92.
Createavirtualmachineforendusers.ThistopicisdiscussedinUsingFull
ScreenSwitchMode(WindowsHostsOnly)onpage 395.
Guest Operating System Selection

Thewizardpromptsyoutospecifywhichtypeofoperatingsystemyouplantoinstall
intheguest.ExamplesincludeWindows2000Professional,RedHatLinux4,and
Ubuntu64bit.Workstationusesthisinformationto:
Selectappropriatedefaultvalues,suchastheamountofmemoryneeded
Namefilesassociatedwiththevirtualmachine
Adjustsettingsforoptimalperformance
Workaroundspecialbehaviorsandbugswithinaguestoperatingsystem
Donotattempttoinstalla64bitoperatingsystemafterselectinga32bitguest
operatingsystemtypehere.
Iftheoperatingsystemyouplantouseisnotlisted,selectOtherforbothguest
operatingsystemandversion.
NOTEWorkstationsupports64bitguestoperatingsystemsonlyinWorkstation
versions5.5andlater,andonlyonhostmachineswithsupportedprocessors.Forthe
listofprocessorsWorkstationsupportsfor64bitguestoperatingsystems,seethe
VMwareGuestOperatingSystemInstallationGuide,availablefromtheHelpmenu.
Virtual Machine Location

Thefollowingexamplesshowthedefaultlocationssuggestedforvirtualmachines.
Windowshosts:OnWindows2000,WindowsXP,andWindowsServer2003,the
defaultfolderforaWindowsXPProfessionalvirtualmachineis:
C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\My Documents\My Virtual
Machines\Windows XP Professional
OnWindowsVista,thedefaultfolderis:
C:\Users\<username>\Documents\Virtual Machines\Windows XP Professional
Linuxhosts:ThedefaultlocationforaWindowsXPProfessionalvirtualmachine
is<homedir>/vmware/Windows XP Professional,where<homedir>isthe
homedirectoryoftheuserwhoiscurrentlyloggedon.
Virtualmachineperformancemightbeslowerifyourvirtualharddiskisonanetwork
drive.Forbestperformance,besurethevirtualmachinesfolderisonalocaldrive.
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SCSI Adapter Types

Thisoptionisavailableforcustomconfigurationsonly.AnIDEandaSCSIadapterare
installedinthevirtualmachine.TheIDEadapterisalwaysATAPI.FortheSCSI
adapter,youcanchooseBusLogicorLSILogic.Thedefaultforyourguestoperating
systemisalreadyselected.AllguestsexceptforWindowsVista,WindowsServer2003,
RedHatEnterpriseLinux3,andNetWaredefaulttotheBusLogicadapter.For
WindowsVistaguests,youronlychoiceisLSILogic.
NOTETheLSILogicadapterhasimprovedperformanceandworksbetterwithgeneric
SCSIdevices.TheLSILogicadapterisalsosupportedbyESXServer2.0andhigher.
KeepthisinmindifyouplantomigratethevirtualmachinetoanotherVMware
product.
YourchoiceofSCSIadapterdoesnotaffectyourdecisiontomakeyourvirtualdiskan
IDEorSCSIdisk.However,someguestoperatingsystems,suchas32bitWindows XP,
donotincludeadriverfortheBuslogicorLSILogicadapter.Youmustdownloadthe
driverfromtheLSILogicWebsite.
NOTEDriversforaMylex(BusLogic)compatiblehostbusadapterarenotobviouson
theLSILogicWebsite.Searchthesupportareaforthenumericstringinthemodel
number.Forexample,searchfor958forBT/KT958drivers.
SeetheVMwareGuestOperatingSystemInstallationGuidefordetailsaboutthedriverand
theguestoperatingsystemyouplantoinstallinthisvirtualmachine.
Disk Modes: Normal or Independent

ThisoptionisavailableonLinuxhostsforcustomconfigurationsonly.Thedefault,
normalmodeistoincludedisksinanysnapshotsyoutake.Youcanchangethis
behavior,however.Ifyoudonotwantdataonthedisktoberecordedwhenyoutakea
snapshotofthevirtualmachine,youcanconfigurethedisktobeindependent.For
moreinformation,seeUsingSnapshotsonpage 227.
Ifyouconfigurethedisktobeindependent,youcanfurtherspecifywhetherchanges
youmaketothediskshouldpersistorbediscardedwhenyoupoweroffthevirtual
machineorrestoreittoasnapshot.
OnLinuxhosts,youcanspecifythesesettingsintheNewVirtualMachinewizard,on
theSelectaDiskTypepage,intheModesection.OnWindowshosts,youcanusethe
virtualmachinesettingseditor.Afteryoucreatethevirtualmachine,selectitandfrom
theWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Settings>Hardware>HardDisk>Advanced.
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Ifyouneedassistanceindeterminingwhichtypeofsetuptouse,seeTypicalVersus
CustomConfigurationsonpage 90.
To create a virtual machine by using the typical setup
1
clickNext.
IntheSelecttheAppropriateConfigurationpage,selectTypicalandclickNext.
OntheSelectaGuestOperatingSystempage,selecttheoperatingsystem
(includingtheversion)thatyouintendtoinstallinthenewvirtualmachineand
clickNext.
Formoreinformation,seeGuestOperatingSystemSelectiononpage 91.
OntheNametheVirtualMachinepage,selectanameandfolderforthevirtual
machineandclickNext.
ThenameyouenterhereisusedifyouaddthisvirtualmachinetotheVMware
WorkstationFavoriteslist.Thisnameisalsousedasthenameofthefolderwhere
allthefilesassociatedwiththisvirtualmachinearestored.
Eachvirtualmachineshouldhaveitsownfolder.Formoreinformation,see
VirtualMachineLocationonpage 91.
OntheNetworkTypepage,configurethenetworkingcapabilitiesofthevirtual
machineandclickNext.
Formoreinformation,seeNetworkConnectionTypeonpage 92.
OntheSpecifyDiskCapacitypage,enterthesizeofthevirtualdisk,specifythe
wayyouwantthediskspaceallocated,andclickFinish.
Formoreinformation,seeDiskCapacityonpage 94.
Nowthatthevirtualmachineiscreated,continueonwithInstallingaGuestOperating
Systemonpage 97.
To create a virtual machine by using the custom setup
1
clickNext.
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10
OntheSelectI/OAdapterTypespage,selectthetypeofSCSIadapteryouwantto
usewiththevirtualmachineandclickNext.
Formoreinformation,seeSCSIAdapterTypesonpage 93.
11
OntheSelectaDiskpage,selectwhethertocreateanIDEorSCSIdiskandclick
Next.
Formoreinformation,seeVirtualDisksandPhysicalDisksonpage 94.
12
OntheSelectaDiskTypepage,selectwhethertocreateanIDEorSCSIdiskand
clickNext.
Thewizardrecommendsthebestchoicebasedontheguestoperatingsystemyou
selected.AllLinuxdistributionsyoucanselectinthewizarduseSCSIvirtualdisks
bydefault,asdoseveralnewerWindowsoperatingsystemsand64bitoperating
systems.
13
(Linuxhostsonly)AlsoontheSelectaDiskTypepage,ifyouwanttoexcludedisks
fromsnapshots,intheModesection,selectIndependentforthemodeandchoose
oneofthefollowingoptions:
PersistentChangesareimmediatelyandpermanentlywrittentothedisk.
NonpersistentChangestothediskarediscardedwhenyoupoweroffor
reverttoasnapshot.
Formoreinformation,seeUsingSnapshotsonpage 227.
14
OntheSpecifyDiskCapacitypage,enterthesizeofthevirtualdisk,specifythe
wayyouwantthediskspaceallocated,andclickNext.
Formoreinformation,seeDiskCapacityonpage 94.
15
OntheSpecifyDiskFilepage,enterthelocationofthevirtualdisksfilesandclick
Finish.
Thewizardsetsupthefilesneededforyourvirtualmachine.
Nowthatthevirtualmachineiscreated,continueonwithInstallingaGuestOperating
Systemonpage 97.
Installing a Guest Operating System

Anewvirtualmachineislikeaphysicalcomputerwithablankharddisk.Beforeyou
canuseit,youneedtopartitionandformatthevirtualdiskandinstallanoperating
system.Theoperatingsystemsinstallationprogrammighthandlethepartitioningand
formattingstepsforyou.
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Example: Installing Windows XP as a Guest Operating System

YoucaninstallWindowsXPHomeEditionorWindowsXPProfessionalinavirtual
machineusingthefullinstallationCD.
Beforeinstallingtheoperatingsystem,makesurethatyouhavealreadycreatedanew
virtualmachineandconfigureditusingtheNewVirtualMachinewizard.SeeSetting
UpaNewVirtualMachineonpage 89.
NOTETouseSCSIdisksina32bitWindowsXPvirtualmachine,youneedaspecial
SCSIdriveravailablefromthedownloadsectionoftheVMwareWebsite.Followthe
instructionsontheWebsitetousethedriverwithafreshinstallationofWindowsXP.
To install Windows XP as a guest operating system
1
Dooneofthefollowingtoaccesstheinstallationmediafortheguestoperating
system:
ConfigurethevirtualmachinetousethehostsCDROMdrive,andinsertthe
WindowsXPCDintheCDROMdrive.SeeAddingDVDorCDDrivestoa
VirtualMachineonpage 213.
ConnecttoanISOimageofaninstallationdisk.SeeConnectinga
CDROM/DVDorFloppyDrivetoanImageFileonpage 215.
NOTEIfyouplantouseaPXEservertoinstalltheguestoperatingsystemovera
networkconnection,youdonotneedtheoperatingsysteminstallationmedia.
Whenyoupoweronthevirtualmachineinthenextstep,thevirtualmachine
detectsthePXEserver.
2
PoweronthevirtualmachinetostartinstallingWindowsXP.
FollowtheWindowsXPinstallationstepsasyouwouldforaphysicalcomputer.
Whentheinstallerisfinished,youhaveavirtualmachinerunningWindowsXP.
InstallVMwareTools,asdescribedinInstallingandUpgradingVMwareTools
onpage 115.
Upgrading a Guest Operating System

WhenyouusetheNewVirtualMachinewizardtocreateavirtualmachine,oneofthe
settingsyouspecifyistheguestoperatingsystemtypeandversion.Workstation
choosesconfigurationdefaultsbasedontheguesttypeandversionyouchoose.
Ifyouupgradeaguestoperatingsystemtoanewerversion,alsoupdatetheguest
operatingsystemversionforthevirtualmachine.
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Summary of the Conversion Process

Workstationprovidestwowaystoconvertavirtualmachineorsystemimage:
UsetheFile>Opentoconvertandopenavirtualmachineorsystemimagequickly.
Workstationusesdefaultsettingstomaketheconversionautomatically,withno
inputrequiredfromyou.TheoriginalMicrosoftVirtualPC,SymantecBackup
ExecSystemRecovery,orStorageCraftconfiguration(.vmc,.spf,or.sv2i)fileis
unchanged.TheFile>Opencommandcreatesalinkedclonewhenitopensthefile.
Ifyouattempttoopenavirtualmachineorsystemimagethatis
passwordprotected,youwillbepromptedtousetheConverterImportwizard.
UsetheFile>Importcommandtospecifyanumberofoptionsfortheconverted
virtualmachine:theconvertedvirtualmachineslocation,whetherornotthe
convertedvirtualmachinesharesvirtualdiskswiththeoriginalvirtualmachineor
systemimage,andwhethertheconvertedvirtualmachineistobecompatiblewith
Workstation4.x,5.x,or6.x;ESX2.xor3.x;GSXServer3.x;orVMwareACE1.xor2.
DetailedproceduresareprovidedinOpeningandImportingaVirtualMachineor
SystemImageonpage 108.
ThewizardoutputsacompletelynewVMwarevirtualmachinebasedontheinput
virtualmachineorsystemimage.ThenewlymigratedVMwarevirtualmachineretains
theconfigurationoftheoriginalvirtualmachineorimage.
Themigrationprocessisnondestructive,soyoucancontinuetousetheoriginalvirtual
machinewithMicrosoftVirtualPC,ortheoriginalsystemimagewithSymantec
BackupExecSystemRecovery.However,ifyouplantorunanewVMwarevirtual
machineonthesamenetworkastheoriginalVirtualPCvirtualmachine,youmust
modifythenetworknameandIPaddressononeofthevirtualmachines,sotheoriginal
andnewvirtualmachinescancoexist.
Thissectionincludesthefollowingtopics:
VMwareConverterVersustheImporterWizardinWorkstationonpage 102
ConverterImportWizard:OverviewandSupportedSourceMachineson
page 102
SupportedDestinationsonpage 105
HowConvertingAffectsSettingsonpage 107
OpeningandImportingaVirtualMachineorSystemImageonpage 108
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VMwarevirtualmachines(.vmxand.vmtnfiles):
Workstation4.x,5.x,and6.x
VMwarePlayer1.xand2.x
ESXServer3.x
ESXServer2.5.x(ifthevirtualmachineismanagedwithVirtualCenter2.x)
GSXServer3.x
VMwareServer1.x
VirtualCenter2.x
Virtualmachinesmustbepoweredoffbeforeyouattemptthemigrationprocess.
Suspendedvirtualmachinescannotbemigrated.
Othervirtualmachinesandsystemimages:
StorageCraftimages(.spffiles)
MicrosoftVirtualPC7.xandhigher(.vmcfiles)
AnyversionofMicrosoftVirtualServer(.vmcfiles)
SymantecBackupExecSystemRecoveryformerlyLiveStateRecovery
(.sv2ifiles)
NortonGhostimages9.xandhigher(.sv2ifiles)
TheoperatingsystemonthesourceMicrosoftVirtual PCorVirtual Servervirtual

machinemustbeaWindowsguestoperatingsystembutnotWindows
9xsupportedbytheintendedVMwareplatform(forexample,Workstation4,5,
or6).SeetheVMwareWebsiteforalistofsupportedoperatingsystems:
www.vmware.com/support/guestnotes/doc/index.html.
NOTEVirtualmachinesfromMacintoshversionsofVirtualPCarenotsupported.
Required Information When Importing from Various Source Types

Thissectiondetailssomeconsiderationsyouneedtotakeintoaccount,anddecisions
youneedtomake,beforeyouusetheConverterImportwizard.
When the Source Is a Physical Machine
Toimportaremotemachine,youarepromptedtosupplythecomputernameorIP
addressandtheusernameandpasswordforloggingontothemachinewith
administrativeprivileges.Theusernameneedstobeintheform<DOMAIN>\<user
name>.
NOTERemotephysicalmachinescannotbeimportedintoanESXcompatibleformat
atthistimeunlessyoualsohaveaVMwareConverterEnterpriselicenseinstalled.
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Full Versus Linked Clones

Ifthesourceisavirtualmachine,youcancreateafullorlinkedclone.Creatingafull
cloneimpliesthatyouwanttouseallvolumes.ThereforeyouneedtoselectImportall
disksandmaintainsizetocreateafullclone.
LinkedclonescanbecreatedfromVMwarevirtualmachines,SymantecBackupExec
SystemRecoveryvirtualmachines(.sv2ifiles),MicrosoftVirtualPCandVirtual
Servervirtualmachines,andStorageCraftfiles(.spffiles).ForVMwarevirtual
machines,tocreatealinkedclone,thevirtualhardwareversionofthedestination
machinecannotbehigherthanthehardwareversionofthesource.
WARNINGForlinkedclones,thevirtualmachinecreatedbytheimporterwillbecome
corruptedifthesourceismodifiedaftertheimport.Thisistrueforlinkedclones
importedfromVirtualPCandVirtualServermachinesandfromSymantecbackup
images.InthecaseofVirtualPCandVirtualServersourcevirtualmachines,simply
poweringthemoninVirtualPCorVirtualServermodifiesthem.
Supported Destinations
TheConverterImportwizardcanoutputvirtualmachinesthatarecompatiblewith:
Workstation4.x,5.x,and6.x
VMwarePlayer1.xand2.x
ESXServer3.x(Thisdestinationisnotsupportedifyouareimportingaremote
physicalmachineunlessyoualsohaveaVMwareConverterEnterpriselicense
installedonthehost.)
ESXServer2.5.x(Thisdestinationissupportedonlybyimportingthrougha
VirtualCenter2.xserverthatmanagesthe2.5.xESXServer.)
GSXServer3.x
VMwareServer1.x
VirtualCenter2.x
NOTEWorkstation4virtualmachinesarecompatiblewithVMwareGSXServer3.0,
ESXServer2.x,andACE1.x.
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SecurityID(SID)Optionally,generateanewsecurityID.
LocationofSysprepfilesIfthewizardcandetectthelocation,thewizard
pagedisplaysit.Otherwise,youneedtosupplythelocation.
Windowslicensinginformation
ProductIDLeavethisblankifyoulike.
WindowsServerlicenseinformationForMicrosoftWindows2000Server
and2003Serveronly.
Timezone
Networkinformation
Networkadapter(interfaces)Youcanmakechangeshere.Or,ifmorethan
onenetworkadapterhasbeenmodified,resetthemtothedefault.
DHCPChoosebetweenusingDHCPtoobtainIPaddressesorenteringthem
manually.YoucanalsouseDHCPtoobtainaDNSserveraddressorenterit
manually.
DNSEnterDNSsuffixesandcustomizetheirordertospecifytheorderin
whichavirtualmachineshouldusethemtomakeconnections.
WINSSpecifyprimaryandsecondaryWINSaddresses.
WorkgroupordomainForworkgroups,specifytheworkgroupname(upto
15characters).Fordomains,specifytheWindowsServerdomain,alongwith
theappropriateusernameandpassword.
How Converting Affects Settings

TheVMwarevirtualmachinecreatedbytheConverterImportwizardcontainsanexact
copyofthediskstatefromyoursourcevirtualmachineorsystemimage,withthe
exceptionofsomehardwaredependentdriversand,sometimes,themappeddrive
letters.
Settingsfromthesourcecomputerthatremainidenticalinclude:
Operatingsystemconfiguration(computername,securityID,useraccounts,
profilesandpreferences,andsoforth).
Applicationsanddatafiles.
Eachdiskpartitionsvolumeserialnumber.
Becausethetargetandthesourcevirtualmachinesorsystemimageshavethesame
identities(name,SID,andsoon),runningbothonthesamenetworkcanresultin
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To convert a virtual machine or system image using the Open command

1
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseFile>Open.
IntheFilenamefield,browsetoandopentheconfiguration(.vmx,.vmc,.spf,or
.sv2i)fileforthevirtualmachineorsystemimagetoconvert.
YoucanusethefieldFilesoftypetofilterthefilesdisplayedbyfileextension.
ClickOpen.
WorkstationcreatesaVMwarevirtualmachine,withaVMwareconfigurationfile
(.vmx)fortheconvertedvirtualmachineorsystemimage.Theconvertedvirtual
machinelinkstothevirtualdisksoftheoriginalvirtualmachineorsystemimage.
TheoriginalVirtualPC,SymantecBackupExecSystemRecovery,orStorageCraft
configuration(.vmc,.spf,or.sv2i)fileisunchanged.
Ifyouattempttoopenavirtualmachineorsystemimagethatis
passwordprotected,youwillbepromptedtousetheConverterImportwizard.
To convert a virtual machine or system image using the Import command

1
GathertheinformationyouneedtocompletetheConverterImportwizard:
Foralistoftheinformationyouwillneedwhenyouselectasource,see
RequiredInformationWhenImportingfromVariousSourceTypeson
page 103.
Foralistoftheinformationyouwillneedwhenyouspecifyadestination,see
RequiredInformationWhenDesignatingaDestinationfortheVirtual
Machineonpage 106.
Ifyouareimportingavirtualmachine,makesurethevirtualmachineispowered
off.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseFile>ImporttolaunchtheVMware
ConverterImportwizard.
Completethewizardpages.
Asyouproceedthroughthewizard,thenavigationpane,whichisontheleftside
ofthewizard,helpsyoukeeptrackofwhereyouareintheprocess.
Wheneveryougettoanewphaseorstep,alistexpandstodisplaythenamesof
thewizardpagesincludedinthatstep.Whenyoucompleteanentirestep,thenext
stepexpands.
Ifyouwanttogobacktoapreviouspage,youcanclickitsnameinthenavigation
pane.
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Table 5-1. Virtual Machine Files (Continued)

Extension
File Name
Description
.vmdk
Continued
<vmname>-s<###>.vmdk
Ifyouspecifiedthatthefilescangrow,thefilenames
haveansinthefilenumber(forexample,Windows
XP Professional-s001.vmdk.)
Ifyouspecifiedthatthevirtualdiskshouldbesplit
into2GBchunks,thenumberof.vmdkfilesdepends
onthesizeofthevirtualdisk.Asdataisaddedtoa
virtualdisk,the.vmdk filesgrow,toamaximumof
2GBeach.
<vmname>-f<###>.vmdk
Ifthediskspaceisallocatedinadvance,thenames
aresimilar,exceptthattheyincludeanfinsteadof
ans(forexample,Windows XP
Professional-f001.vmdk).
<diskname>-<###>.vmdk
Aredologfile,createdwhenavirtualmachinehas
oneormoresnapshots.Thisfilestoreschangesmade
toavirtualdiskwhilethevirtualmachineisrunning.
Theremightbemorethanonesuchfile.The###
indicatesauniquesuffixaddedbyVMware
Workstationtoavoidduplicatefilenames.
<uuid>.vmem
Thevirtualmachinespagingfile,whichbacksupthe
guestmainmemoryonthehostfilesystem.Thisfile
existsonlywhenthevirtualmachineisrunningorif
thevirtualmachinehascrashed.
<snapshot_name_number>.vmem
Eachsnapshotofavirtualmachinethatispowered
onhasanassociated.vmemfile,whichcontainsthe
guestsmainmemory,savedaspartofthesnapshot.
.vmsd
<vmname>.vmsd
Acentralizedfileforstoringinformationand
metadataaboutsnapshots.
.vmsn
<vmname>-Snapshot.vmsn
Thesnapshotstatefile,whichstorestherunning
stateofavirtualmachineatthetimeyoutakethat
snapshot.
<vmname>-Snapshot<###>.vmsn
Thefilethatstoresthestateofasnapshot.
<vmname>.vmss
Thesuspendedstatefile,whichstoresthestateofa
suspendedvirtualmachine.
.vmem
.vmss
SomeearlierVMwareproductsusedtheextension
.stdforsuspendedstatefiles.
.vmtm
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<vmname>.vmtm
Theconfigurationfilecontainingteamdata.
111
Installing and Using

VMware Tools
Thischapterdiscusseshowtoinstall,upgrade,andrunVMwareTools.Thischapter
containsthefollowingsections:
AboutVMwareToolsonpage 113
InstallingandUpgradingVMwareToolsonpage 115
UninstallingVMwareToolsorChangingWhichModulesAreInstalledon
page 134
VMwareToolsConfigurationOptionsonpage 134
CustomizationstoVMwareToolsonpage 141
About VMware Tools

VMwareToolsisasuiteofutilitiesthatenhancestheperformanceofthevirtual
machinesguestoperatingsystemandimprovesmanagementofthevirtualmachine.
InstallingVMwareToolsintheguestoperatingsystemisvital.Althoughtheguest
operatingsystemcanrunwithoutVMwareTools,youloseimportantfunctionalityand
convenience.
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Chapter 6 Installing and Using VMware Tools
VMwareuserprocess.TheprogramfileiscalledVMwareUser.exeonWindows
guestsandvmware-useronLinuxandSolarisguests.
Thisserviceperformsthefollowingtaskswithintheguestoperatingsystem:
Enablesyoutocopyandpastetextbetweentheguestandhostoperating
systems,andcopyandpastefilesbetweenthehostoperatingsystemsand
Windows,Linux,andSolarisguestoperatingsystems.
Enablesyoutodraganddropfilesbetweenthehostoperatingsystemsand
Windows,Linux,andSolarisguestoperatingsystems.
OnLinuxandSolarisguests,grabsandreleasesthemousecursorwhenthe
SVGAdriverisnotinstalled.
OnLinuxandSolarisguests,fitstheguestsscreenresolutiontothehosts.
NOTETheVMwareToolsuserprocessisnotinstalledonNetWareoperating
systems.Instead,thevmwtoolprogramisinstalled.Itcontrolsthegrabbingand
releasingofthemousecursor.Italsoallowsyoucopyandpastetext.Youcannot
draganddroporcopyandpastefilesbetweenhostsandNetWareguestoperating
systems.
VMwareToolscontrolpanel.TheToolscontrolpanelletsyoumodifysettings,
shrinkvirtualdisks,andconnectanddisconnectvirtualdevices.
Installing and Upgrading VMware Tools

ThissectiondescribeshowtoinstallorupgradeVMwareToolsintheguestoperating
system.
TheinstallersforVMwareToolsforWindows,Linux,FreeBSD,Solaris,andNetWare
guestoperatingsystemsareinstalledwithVMwareWorkstationasISOimagefiles.
WhenyouchooseVM>InstallVMwareToolsfromtheVMwareWorkstationmenu
bar,WorkstationtemporarilyconnectsthevirtualmachinesfirstvirtualCDROMdrive
tothecorrectISOimagefilefortheguestoperatingsystem.Youarereadytobeginthe
installationprocess.
YoucanusethismenucommandtoeitherinstallorupgradeVMwareTools.On
WindowsandLinuxguests,youcanalsosetVMwareToolstoperformautomatic
updates,asdescribedinthenextsection,UpgradingVMwareToolsonpage 116.
NOTEOnLinux,Solaris,andFreeBSDguests,youneedtohaveaWebbrowser
installedinordertodisplaytheonlinehelpfortheVMwareToolscontrolpanel.
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Youcanspecifythatnoautomaticupdateshouldoccur.Inthiscase,thestatusbar
displaysamessagewhenanewversionisavailable.Toinstalltheupdate,usethe
sameprocedurethatyouusedforinstallingVMwareToolsthefirsttime.Forthe
platformspecificinstallationprocedure,seeInstallingVMwareToolsona
WindowsGuestonpage 118orInstallingVMwareToolsonaLinuxGueston
page 125.
NOTEOnWindows,youcanalternativelyopentheVMwareToolscontrolpanel
(doubleclicktheVMwareToolsiconinthenotificationareaofthetaskbar),and
ontheOptionstab,clickUpgrade.
Thedefaultpolicyistonotperformtheupgradeautomatically.Thefollowing
proceduresdescribehowtosetautoupgradeoptionsonapervirtualmachinebasis
andanaglobalbasis,forallvirtualmachinesconfiguredtousetheglobalsetting.
To use global settings for upgrading VMware Tools automatically
1
StartWorkstation.IfyouuseaUNIXhost,becomeroot(su -)andthenstart
Workstation.
OnUNIXsystems,nonrootusersarenotallowedtomodifythepreferencesetting
forVMwareToolsupgrades.
FromtheVMwareWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>Preferencesandclickthe
Toolstab.
SpecifywhichupdatepolicyyouwanttouseandclickOK.
Ifyouneedmoreinformationabouttheoptions,clickHelptodisplaytheonline
helpforthisdialogbox.
NOTETheautomaticupgradefeatureisavailableonlyforWindowsandLinux
guestoperatingsystems.
Foreachofyourvirtualmachines,dothefollowing:
a
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbeeitherpoweredonorpoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
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ClicktheOptionstab,andselectTools.
SelectUseglobalsettingsfromEdit>Preferences>ToolsandclickOK.
117
To install VMware Tools in a Windows guest operating system

1
Whentheguestoperatingsystemstarts,chooseVM>InstallVMwareTools.
Theremainingstepstakeplaceinsidethevirtualmachine.
LogintoaWindowsNT,Windows2000,WindowsXP,WindowsServer2003,or
WindowsVistaguestoperatingsystemasanadministratortoinstallVMware
Tools.
AnyusercaninstallVMwareToolsinaWindows95,Windows98,orWindowsMe
guestoperatingsystem.
Ifyouhaveautorunenabledinyourguestoperatingsystem(thedefaultsettingfor
Windowsoperatingsystems),adialogboxappearsafterafewseconds.Itasksif
youwanttoinstallVMwareTools.
Ifautorunisnotenabled,thedialogboxdoesnotappearautomatically.Ifitdoesnt
appear,runtheVMwareToolsinstaller.ClickStart>Runandenter
D:\setup\setup.exewhereD:isyourfirstvirtualCDROMdrive.
ClickYestolaunchtheInstallShieldwizard.
Followtheonscreeninstructions:
OnWindowsServer2003,WindowsMe,Windows98SE,andWindows98
guests,theSVGAdriverisinstalled,andtheguestoperatingsystemusesit
afteritreboots.
WithWindows2000andWindowsXPguests,youdonothavetoreboottouse
thenewdriver.
StarttheVMwareToolscontrolpanelandconfigureVMwareTools,asdescribed
inVMwareToolsConfigurationOptionsonpage 134.
YoucanaccessVMwareToolsthroughtheWindowsControlPanel(choose
Start>Settings>ControlPanel>VMwareTools)orbydoubleclickingor
rightclickingtheVMwareToolsicon,whichappearsbydefaultinthenotification
areaofthetaskbar.
Additional Steps When Migrating from Old Versions of Windows

IfyouaremigratingfromVMwareGSXServertoWorkstationandyourguest
operatingsystemisWindowsNT,WindowsMe,Windows98,orWindows95,you
mightneedtoconfigurethevideodrivermanually.InstructionsappearinNotepadat
theendoftheinstallationprocess.IftheNotepadwindowishidden,clicktheNotepad
buttonontheWindowstaskbar.
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SelecttheVMwareSVGAIIdisplayadapterandclickNext.
ClickNexttoinstallthedriver.
IfyouareupgradingavirtualmachinecreatedunderVMwareGSXServer2,you
mightseeadialogboxthatwarns,Thedriveryouareinstallingisnotspecifically
designedforthehardwareyouhave.Doyouwishtocontinue?ClickYes.
10
Afterthedriverisinstalled,clickFinish.
11
ClickYestorestartWindowsMeandstartusingthenewvideodriver.
TheVMwareToolsbackgroundapplicationstartswhenyourebootyourvirtual
machine.
To migrate from Windows 98 guest operating systems

1
AfterinstallingVMwareTools,clickFinish.
TheDisplaySettingsdialogboxappears.
ClicktheAdvancedbutton.
TheStandardDisplayAdapter(VGA)Propertiesdialogboxappears.
IfyouareupgradingfromapreviousversionoftheVMwaredrivers,thisdialog
boxistitledVMwareSVGAProperties.
ClicktheAdaptertab.
ClicktheChangebutton,andaftertheUpdateDeviceDriverwizardstarts,click
Next.
ChoosetheoptionDisplayalistofalldriversinaspecificlocationandclickNext.
SelectHaveDisk.
TheInstallFromDiskdialogboxappears.
Enterthefollowingpath:
D:\video\win9x
D:isthedriveletterforthefirstvirtualCDROMdriveinyourvirtualmachine.
8
ClickOK.
SelectVMwareSVGAdisplayadapterandclickOK.
10
AnswerYestotheonscreenquestionandclickNexttoinstallthedriver.
11
Afterthedriverisinstalled,clickFinish.
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To install VMware Tools in silent mode

1
MakesuretheguestoperatingsysteminwhichyouareinstallingVMwareTools
hastheMicrosoftWindowsInstallerruntimeengineversion2.0orhigherinstalled.
Version2.0orhigherisincludedwithnewerversionsofWindows.Ifyouare
installingVMwareToolsinolderWindowsguestoperatingsystems,checkthe
versionofthisfile:
%WINDIR%\system32\msiexec.exe
Ifyouneedtoupgradetheengine,runinstmsiw.exe(instmsia.exefor
Windows95orWindows98guests),whichisincludedwiththeVMwareTools
installer.
FormoreinformationonusingtheMicrosoftWindowsInstaller:
msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/enus/msi/setup/about_win
dows_installer.asp.
MakesurethevirtualmachinesCDROMdriveisconfiguredtoconnecttothe
VMwareToolsISOimagewhenyoupoweronthevirtualmachine:
a
SelectthevirtualmachineandchooseVM>Settings>Hardware>CDROM.
IntheDevicestatussection,selecttheConnectatPowerOncheckbox.
IntheConnectionsection,selectUseISOimageandbrowsetothe
windows.isofile,locatedinthedirectorywhereyouinstalledWorkstation.
ClickOK.
Intheguestoperatingsystem,ifnecessary,suppresspromptsaboutinstalling
unsigneddrivers.
ThedriversinstalledbyVMwareToolsarenotsignedbyMicrosoft.Whenyou
installVMwareTools,youareaskedtoconfirmtheinstallationofthesedrivers.
ForallWindowssystemsexceptWindowsVista:
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OnthevirtualmachinesdesktoporStartmenu,rightclickMyComputer,
andchooseProperties.
ClicktheHardwaretabandclickDriverSigning.TheDriverSigningdialog
boxappears.
ClickIgnoreandclickOKtwice.
123
Toexcludeafeature,useitwiththeREMOVEoption.
Forexample,toinstalleverythingbutthesharedfoldersdriver,typethefollowing
onthecommandline:
msiexec -i "D:\VMware Tools.msi" ADDLOCAL=ALL REMOVE=Hgfs /qn
TheSVGA,Mouse,BusLogic,vmxnet,andMemCtlfeaturesarechildrenofthe
Driversfeature.Thus,onthecommandline,ifyoutype:
msiexec -i "D:\VMware Tools.msi" ADDLOCAL=ALL REMOVE=Drivers /qn
youalsoskipinstallationoftheSVGA,Mouse,BusLogic,vmxnet,andMemCtl
drivers.
Installing VMware Tools on a Linux Guest

OnaLinuxguest,youcaninstallVMwareToolswithinXorfromthecommandline:
InstallingVMwareToolsWithinXonpage 125
InstallingVMwareToolsfromtheCommandLinewiththeTarorRPMInstaller
onpage 127
Installing VMware Tools Within X

Asanalternativetothefollowingprocedure,youcaninstallVMwareToolswithinX
usingthe.tarinstallerinaterminalwindow,asdescribedinInstallingVMwareTools
fromtheCommandLinewiththeTarorRPMInstalleronpage 127.
To install VMware Tools from X with the RPM installer
1
Poweronthevirtualmachine,andaftertheguestsystemhasstarted,choose
VM>Install VMwareTools.
TheguestoperatingsystemmountstheVMwareToolsinstallationvirtualCD.A
windowmanagermightappear,displayingtwofiles,onefortheRPMinstallerand
oneforthetarinstaller.Alternatively,aVMwareToolsCDiconmightappearon
thedesktop.
Dooneofthefollowing:
IfyouseeaVMwareToolsCDicononthedesktop,doubleclickit,andafter
itopens,doubleclicktheRPMinstallerintherootoftheCDROM.
Ifyouseeafilemanagerwindow,doubleclicktheRPMinstallerfile.
InsomeLinuxdistributions,theVMwareToolsCDiconmightfailtoappear.In
thiscase,continueinstallingVMwareToolsasdescribedinInstallingVMware
ToolsfromtheCommandLinewiththeTarorRPMInstalleronpage 127.
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Installing VMware Tools from the Command Line with the Tar or RPM
Installer
Thefirststepisperformedonthehost,withinWorkstationmenus,andtheremaining
stepsareperformedinsidethevirtualmachine.
To install VMware Tools with the tar installer or RPM installer
1
VM>InstallVMwareTools.
Asroot(su -),mounttheVMwareToolsvirtualCDROMimageandchangetoa
workingdirectory(forexample,/tmp),asfollows.
NOTESomeLinuxdistributionsautomaticallymountCDROMs.Ifyour
distributionusesautomounting,donotusethemountandumountcommands
describedinthisprocedure.YoustillmustuntartheVMwareToolsinstallerto
/tmp.
SomeLinuxdistributionsusedifferentdevicenamesororganizethe/dev
directorydifferently.IfyourCDROMdriveisnot/dev/cdromorifthemount
pointforaCDROMisnot/mnt/cdrom,youmustmodifythefollowing
commandstoreflecttheconventionsusedbyyourdistribution:
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
cd /tmp
NOTEIfyouhaveapreviousinstallation,deletetheprevious
vmware-tools-distribdirectorybeforeinstalling.Thelocationofthisdirectory
dependsonwhereyouplaceditwhenyoudidthepreviousinstallation.Oftenitis
placedin:
/tmp/vmware-tools-distrib
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InanXterminal,launchtheVMwareToolscontrolpanel:
vmware-toolbox &
ForinformationaboutusingthiscontrolpaneltoconfigureVMwareTools,see
VMwareToolsConfigurationOptionsonpage 134.
NOTEYoucanrunVMwareToolsasrootorasanormaluser.Toshrinkvirtual
disksortochangeanyVMwareToolsscripts,youmustrunVMwareToolsasroot
(su -).
Installing VMware Tools in a Solaris Guest

Thefirststepisperformedonthehost,withinWorkstationmenus,andtheremaining
stepsareperformedinsidethevirtualmachine.
To install VMware Tools in a Solaris guest
1
VM>InstallVMwareTools.
Loginasroot(su -)and,ifnecessary,mounttheVMwareToolsvirtualCDROM
image,asfollows.
Usually,theSolarisvolumemanagervoldmountstheCDROMunder
/cdrom/vmwaretools.IftheCDROMisnotmounted,restartthevolume
managerusingthefollowingcommands:
/etc/init.d/volmgt stop
/etc/init.d/volmgt start
AftertheCDROMismounted,changetoaworkingdirectory(forexample,/tmp)
andextractVMwareTools,asfollows:
cd /tmp
gunzip -c /cdrom/vmwaretools/vmware-solaris-tools.tar.gz | tar xf -
RuntheVMwareToolstarinstaller:
cd vmware-tools-distrib
./vmware-install.pl
Respondtotheconfigurationquestionsonthescreen.PressEntertoacceptthe
defaultvalue.
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RuntheVMwareToolsinstaller:
cd vmware-tools-distrib
./vmware-install.pl
Logoutoftherootaccount.
exit
StartXandyourgraphicalenvironment
InanXterminal,launchtheVMwareToolscontrolpanel:
vmware-toolbox &
ForinformationaboutusingthiscontrolpaneltoconfigureVMwareTools,see
VMwareToolsConfigurationOptionsonpage 134.
NOTEYoucanrunVMwareToolsasrootorasanormaluser.Toshrinkvirtual
disksorchangeVMwareToolsscripts,youmustrunVMwareToolsasroot(su -).
InaFreeBSD4.5guestoperatingsystem,sometimesVMwareToolsdoesnotstartafter
youinstallVMwareTools.Inthiscase,reboottheguestoperatingsystemorstart
VMwareToolsonthecommandlineintheguest.Anerrormessageappears:
Shared object 'libc.so.3' not found.
Therequiredlibrarywasnotinstalled.Thisdoesnothappenwithfullinstallationsof
FreeBSD4.5,butdoesoccurforminimalinstallations.Tofixtheproblemofthemissing
library:
1
InsertandmounttheFreeBSD4.5installationCDoraccesstheISOimagefile.
Changedirectoriesandruntheinstallationscript.
cd /cdrom/compat3x
./install.sh
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ForNetWare4.2only,bringtheguestoperatingsystemdown.
Inthesystemconsole,enter:
down
Torestarttheguestoperatingsystem,inthesystemconsole,enter:
restart server
AfteryouinstallVMwareTools,makesuretheVMwareToolsvirtualCDROMimage
(netware.iso)isnotattachedtothevirtualmachine.Ifitis,disconnectit.Rightclick
theCDROMiconinthestatusbaroftheconsolewindowandchooseDisconnect.
Starting VMware Tools If You Do Not Use a Session Manager

OneoftheexecutablesusedbyVMwareToolsinUNIXguestsisvmware-user.This
programimplementsthefitguesttowindowfeature,amongotherfeatures.
Normally,onLinux,theVMwareToolsservice(vmware-guestd)startsandstops
vmware-user.OnSolaris,vmware-userisstartedautomaticallyonceyouconfigure
VMwareToolsandthenlogoutofthedesktopenvironmentandlogbackin.
However,ifyourunanXsessionwithoutasessionmanager(forexample,byusing
startxandgettingadesktopandnotusingxdm,kdm,orgdm),thenvmware-guestd
wontstartandstopvmware-user,andyoumustdoitmanually.
To start vmware-user manually
Useeitherofthefollowingstrategies:
AddanXapplicationnametothe/etc/vmware-tools/xautostart.conffile.
Thevmware-guestdprogramlooksinthexautostart.conffile,andifany
applicationlistedthereisrunning,vmware-guestdtriestorunvmware-user.If
noneoftheapplicationslistedinthefileisrunninginX,findanapplicationon
yoursystemthatrunsonlywhenyouareloggedintoyourXsessionandadditto
thelist.
Addvmware-usertotheappropriateXstartupscript.
Thevmware-userprogramislocatedinthedirectorywhereyouselectedtoinstall
binaryprograms,whichdefaultsto/usr/bin.Whichstartupscriptyouneedto
modifydependsonyourparticularsystem.
Ifyoufindthatsomefeatures,suchascopyandpasteordraganddropdonot
work,usetheotherstrategyofaddinganXapplicationnametothe
/etc/vmware-tools/xautostart.conffile.
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Using the VMware Tools Control Panel to Configure Tools

ThissectionshowstheoptionsavailableinaWindowsXPguestoperatingsystem.
SimilarconfigurationoptionsareavailableinVMwareToolsforotherguestoperating
systems.
To open the VMware Tools control panel
OnWindowsguests,doubleclickVMwareToolsiconintheguestoperating
systemsnotificationarea.
OnWindowsVistaguests,youneedtobeloggedinasanAdministratoruserto
opentheVMwareToolscontrolpanel.
IftheVMwareToolsicondoesnotappearinthenotificationareaofthetaskbar,
gotoStart>ControlPanel.LocatetheVMwareToolsiconanddoubleclickitto
displaytheVMwareToolsPropertiesdialogbox.
OntheOptionstaboftheVMwareToolscontrolpanel,selectShowVMware
ToolsinthetaskbarandclickApply.
OnLinux,FreeBSD,andSolarisguests,openaterminalwindowandenterthe
command:
/usr/bin/vmware-toolbox &
OnNetWare,dooneofthefollowing:
InaNetWare5.1orhigherguest,chooseNovell>Settings>VMwareToolsfor
NetWare.
InaNetWare4.2guest,useVMwareToolscommandsinthesystemconsole.
TheVMwareToolsprogramiscalledvmwtool.Itsoptionsaredescribedin
UsingtheSystemConsoletoConfigureVMwareToolsinaNetWareGuest
OperatingSystemonpage 139.
TabsintheVMwareToolscontrolpanelaredescribedinthefollowingsections:
OptionsTabonpage 136
DevicesTabonpage 137
ScriptsTabonpage 137
SharedFoldersTab(WindowsGuestsOnly)onpage 139
ShrinkTabonpage 139
AboutTabonpage 139
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Devices Tab
IntheDevicestab,youcanenableordisablethefollowingremovabledevicesby
selectingordeselectingthecorrespondingcheckboxes.Removabledevicesinclude
floppydrives,CDROMdrives,andUSBdevices,amongothers.Youcanalsoenableor
disableremovabledevicesinbychoosingVM>Removable Devicesfromthe
Workstationmenubar.
Scripts Tab
IfVMwareToolsisinstalledintheguestoperatingsystem,andifyouconfigurea
virtualmachinespowercontrolstousetheguestoptions,oneormoredefaultscripts
runontheguestwheneveryouchangethepowerstateofthevirtualmachine.
Forexample,ifyouusethevirtualmachinesettingseditor(choose
VM>Settings>Options>Power)andsetthePowerOffcontroltouseShutdownGuest,
thenthepoweroff-vm-defaultscriptrunswhenyouclickthePowerOffbuttonin
theWorkstationtoolbar.Thisscriptcausestheguestoperatingsystemtoshutdown
gracefully.Adescriptionofeachscriptisprovidedlaterinthissection,inTable 62.
InWindowsguests,thedefaultscriptsarelocatedintheProgram
Files\VMware\VMware Toolsfolder.OnUNIX,thedefaultscriptsarelocatedinthe
/etc/vmware-toolsdirectory.
YoucanusetheScriptstabtodisablethesescriptsortopointtocustomscriptsforthe
Suspend,Resume,PowerOn,PowerOff,andResetbuttons:
Todisableascript,selectascriptevent,andcleartheUseScriptcheckbox.Default
scriptsforsuspendingandresumingarewrittentoworktogether.Ifyoudisable
thescriptofoneoftheseactions,disablethescriptfortheotheractionaswell.
Touseascriptthatyoucreate,selectascriptevent,selecttheUseScriptcheckbox,
selectCustomscript,andusetheBrowsebuttontopointtothescriptyouwantto
use.
YoucanalsousetheEditbuttontoeditacustomscript.Forinformationabout
creatingthescript,seeUsingCustomScriptsWhenthePowerStateChangeson
page 141.
NOTEOnUNIXguests,toeditscriptsfromtheScriptstab,xtermandvimustbe
installedintheguestoperatingsystemandmustbeinyourPATH.Youmustbea
rootusertoeditthescript.Youcanalsoeditscriptsmanuallyusinganytexteditor.
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Shared Folders Tab (Windows Guests Only)

OnWindowsguests,aSharedFolderstabprovidesinformationonhowtoaccessyour
sharedfoldersonthehost,soyoucansharefilesbetweenthehostandguest.Formore
information,seeViewingSharedFoldersinaWindowsGuestonpage 177.
AlthoughtheSharedFolderstabdoesnotappearinLinuxorSolarisguests,youcan
sharefolderswithLinuxandSolarisguests.SeeViewingSharedFoldersinaLinuxor
Solaris10Guestonpage 177.
Shrink Tab
IntheShrinktab,youcanreclaimunusedspaceinavirtualdisk.However,some
configurationsdonotallowyoutoshrinkavirtualdisk.Formoreinformation,see
ShrinkingVirtualDisksonpage 202.
OnUNIXguests,toshrinkvirtualdisks,runVMwareToolsastherootuser(su -).If
youshrinkthevirtualdiskasanonrootuser,youcannotpreparetoshrinkthepartsof
thevirtualdiskthatrequirerootlevelpermissions.
About Tab
TheAbouttabdisplaysversion(buildnumber)andcopyrightinformation.In
Windowsguests,thistabalsoshowsthestatusoftheVMwareToolsService.
Using the System Console to Configure VMware Tools in a

NetWare Guest Operating System
InaNetWarevirtualmachine,usingthesystemconsole,youcanconfigurecertain
virtualmachineoptionssuchastimesynchronization,CPUidling,anddevice
configurationwithVMwareTools.TheVMwareToolscommandlineprogramiscalled
vmwtool.Toseetheoptionsassociatedwiththiscommand,atthesystemconsole,enter:
vmwtool help
Toentervmwtoolcommandsinthesystemconsole,usethefollowingformat:
vmwtool <command>
where<command>isoneofthecommandslistedinTable 63.
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Customizations to VMware Tools

Thissectioncontainsthefollowingtopics:
UsingCustomScriptsWhenthePowerStateChangesonpage 141
ExecutingCommandsAfterYouPowerOfforResetaVirtualMachineon
page 143
PassingaStringfromtheHosttotheGuestonpage 143
PassingInformationBetweentheGuestandAnotherProgramonpage 146
Using Custom Scripts When the Power State Changes

WhenVMwareToolsisinstalled,ifyouconfigureavirtualmachinespowercontrolsto
usetheguest,orsoftpoweroptions,oneormoredefaultscriptsrunontheguest
wheneveryouchangethepowerstateofthevirtualmachine.Youchangethepower
stateeitherbyusingmenucommandsorbyclickingtheSuspend,Resume,PowerOn,
andPowerOffbuttons.
Whatthedefaultscriptsdodependsinpartontheguestoperatingsystem:
OnMicrosoftWindowsguests,thedefaultscriptexecutedwhenyoususpenda
virtualmachinereleasestheIPaddressofthevirtualmachine.Thedefaultscript
executedwhenyouresumeavirtualmachinerenewstheIPaddressofthevirtual
machine(thisaffectsonlyvirtualmachinesconfiguredtouseDHCP).
InWindowsguests,thedefaultscriptsarelocatedintheProgram
Files\VMware\VMware Toolsfolder.
OnUNIXguests,thedefaultscriptexecutedwhenyoususpendavirtualmachine
stopsnetworkingforthevirtualmachine,whilethedefaultscriptexecutedwhen
youresumeavirtualmachinestartsnetworkingforthevirtualmachine.
OnUNIX,thedefaultscriptsarelocatedinthe/etc/vmware-toolsdirectory.
Youcan,however,createyourownscriptsandusetheminsteadofthedefaultscripts.
ScriptsarerunbytheVMwareToolsdaemon(VMwareService.exeonWindows,and
vmware-guestdonUNIXandWindowsVista).
Becausevmware-guestdisrunasrootonUNIXandasSystemonWindowsVista,the
scriptsareruninaseparatesessionfromtheloggedinuserssession.The
vmware-guestdprogramthereforehasnoknowledgeofdesktopsessions,which
meansthatitcannotdisplaygraphicalapplications.
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Executing Commands After You Power Off or Reset a Virtual

Machine
InaLinux,Solaris,orFreeBSDguest,youcanhavetheVMwareToolsserviceexecute
specificcommandswhenyoushutdownorrestarttheguestoperatingsystem.Thisis
inadditiontoanyscriptthatyoumighthavespecifiedtorunwhenyoushutdownthe
Toexecutethesecommands,youneedtomodify/etc/vmware-tools/tools.conf.
Thecommandsare:
halt-command = <command>
where<command>isthecommandtoexecutewhenyoushutdowntheguestoperating
system.
reboot-command = <command>
where<command>isthecommandtoexecutewhenyourestarttheguestoperating
system.
Passing a String from the Host to the Guest

Thissectiondescribeshowtopassastringfromyourvirtualmachinesconfiguration
fileinthehostoperatingsystemtotheguestoperatingsystemwhenyoupowerona
virtualmachine.
Usethisfeatureonlyifyouhaveagoodunderstandingofascriptinglanguage(for
example,PerlorNetShell)andknowhowtomodifysystemstartupscripts.
How to Pass a String

Therearetwowaysofpassingstringstoavirtualmachinesguestoperatingsystem:
Placeastringinthevirtualmachinesconfigurationfilebysettingthestringtothe
machine.idparameter.Forexample,youcansetthisstring:
machine.id = "Hello World."
Passthestringtotheguestoperatingsystemfromthecommandlinewhenyou
poweronthevirtualmachine.Foranexample,seetheprocedureincludedatthe
endofthissection.
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To retrieve a string and use it in a startup script

1
Definethestringbyusingoneofthefollowingmethods:
Addthefollowinglinetoyourvirtualmachinesconfigurationfile:
machine.id = "W2K-VM 148.30.16.24"
Openvirtualmachineusingthisconfigurationfile.
Openthevirtualmachinefromthecommandlinebyenteringthefollowing
ononeline:
C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Workstation\vmware -s
'machine.id=W2K-VM 148.30.16.24' C:\Virtual
Machines\win2000\win2000.vmx
OnaLinuxhost,themachineIDpassedonthecommandlinetakesprecedence
andispassedtotheguestoperatingsystemifthefollowingconditionsaremet:
AvirtualmachineIDisspecifiedinaconfigurationfile.
Youusethatfiletoopenthevirtualmachine.
YoualsospecifyamachineIDonthecommandline.
Retrievethestringinthevirtualmachine:
InaWindowsguest,thecommandtoretrievethestringis:
VMwareService --cmd machine.id.get
InaLinuxguestoperatingsystemsstartupscript,addthefollowing
commandbeforethenetworkstartupsection.Forexample:
/usr/sbin/vmware-guestd --cmd 'machine.id.get'
Thelocationofvmware-guestddependsonthedirectoryyouspecifyatthe
timeofinstallation.
3
Furthercustomizethisstartupscriptsothatitusesthestringtheserviceretrieved
duringstartuptosetthevirtualmachinesnetworknametoW2KVManditsIP
addressto148.30.16.24.
Placethisstringinthescriptbeforethecommandtostartthenetworkservices.If
youreusingaWindows2000guestoperatingsystem,forexample,youcancallthe
NetShellutility(netsh)andpassitthecontentsofthestring,whichthenusesthe
stringaccordingly.Thatis,itcansetanewIPaddressforthevirtualmachine,if
thatiswhatwaspassedinthestringoriginally.
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Usethevmx.set_optioncommandtosetthedesiredoption.
Thesyntaxis:
<daemon> --cmd "vmx.set_option <option> <old-val> <new-val>"
where:
<daemon>isvmware-guestdonUNIXsystemsorVMwareService.exeon
Windowssystems.
<option>isoneoftheoptionsdescribedinOptionsfortheVMwareToolscmd
Commandonpage 147.
<old-val>and<new-val>aretheoldandnewvalues,respectively.Use0tomean
FALSEand1tomeanTRUE.
FollowingisanexampleofsettingtimesychronizationtoTRUEonaLinuxguest:
./vmware-guestd --cmd "vmx.set_option synctime 0 1"
Whenyouusecommandlineoptions,thenewsettingsarewrittenintothevirtual
machinesconfiguration(.vmx)file.
NOTEForinformationaboutavailablecommandsotherthanthe--cmdcommand,use
the--helpcommandlinecommand.
Options for the VMware Tools --cmd Command

Followingaretheoptionsyoucanuseasargumentstothevmx.set_option
commandlinecommand.
synctime
(Defaultis0,whichmeansFALSE)ControlswhethertheVMwareToolsdaemon
periodically(everysecond)checkswhethertheguestoperatingsystemstimeis
laggingbehindthehosts.Ifso,theguestsclockismovedforwardtomatchthe
hostsclock.Thisoption,byitself,cansynctimeinaforwardfashiononly.Useitin
conjunctionwithtime.synchronize.tools.enabletosynctimebackward.
Usingthesynctimecommandlineoptionisequivalenttousingthetime
synchronizationoptionontheOptionstaboftheVMwareToolbox,whichsetsa
propertycalledtools.syncTimeinthevirtualmachinesconfiguration(.vmx)
file.
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Running a Virtual Machine
Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
StartingaVirtualMachineonpage 150
RunningVMwareToolsonpage 152
ShuttingDownaVirtualMachineonpage 154
DeletingaVirtualMachineonpage 156
ControllingtheDisplayonpage 156
InstallingNewSoftwareonpage 168
RunningVirtualMachinesfromWithinanIDEonpage 169
DisplayingtheVirtualMachineasanApplianceonpage 170
TransferringFilesandTextBetweentheHostandGuestonpage 171
UsingDevicesinaVirtualMachineonpage 181
CreatingaScreenShotofaVirtualMachineonpage 183
CreatingaMovieofaVirtualMachineonpage 183
UsingaVNCClientforRemoteConnectionstoaVirtualMachineonpage 184
TheillustrationsinthesesectionsshowaWindowsXPguestoperatingsystem.Some
commandsusedintheillustrationsaredifferentfromthoseusedinotherguest
operatingsystems.
ThefollowingWorkstationtasksarediscussedinseparatechapters:
UsingsnapshotsSeeChapter 10,PreservingtheStateofaVirtualMachine,on
page 225.
Recordingavirtualmachine(experimental)SeeChapter 10,Preservingthe
StateofaVirtualMachine,onpage 225.
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Chapter 7 Running a Virtual Machine
Clickanywhereinsidethevirtualmachineconsoletogivethevirtualmachine
controlofyourmouseandkeyboard.
Ifyouneedtologontotheoperatingsysteminthevirtualmachine,typeyour
nameandpasswordjustasyouwouldonaphysicalcomputer.
NOTEOnWindowshosts,ifyourWindowsguestoperatingsystempromptsyou
topressCtrl+Alt+Delbeforeloggingin,youmightneedtopressCtrl+Alt+Ins
instead.YouneedtouseCtrl+Alt+Insifthevirtualmachineisnotusingthe
enhancedvirtualkeyboard.SeeEnhancedVirtualKeyboardforWindowsHosts
onpage 343.
To start a virtual machine from the command line

1
Usetheappropriateplatformspecificinstructionsforstartingthevirtualmachine:
StartupOptionsforWorkstationandVirtualMachinesonpage 407
UsingStartupOptionsinaWindowsShortcutonpage 409
Tooperatethevirtualmachinebyusingacommandlineprogram,usethe
instructionsinCommandLineApplicationforOperatingVirtualMachineson
page 409.
To open the console for a virtual machine that is running in the background
1
Clickthepowerstatusiconinthenotificationareaofthehoststaskbar.
Clickthetooltipthatappearstodisplayalistofthevirtualmachines.
List of powered on virtual
machines
Power status icon
Thislistcontainsthevirtualmachinesandteamsthatbelongtotheloggedinuser.
NOTEIfyoudonotseeapoweredoniconinthesystemtray,makesurethat
youhavesetthepreferencetoshowit.FromtheWorkstationmenubar,choose
Edit>Preferences>Workspace,andselectthecheckboxforshowingthetrayicon.
3
Clickthemachineyouwanttoopen.
Workstationstartsanddisplaystheconsoleviewofthevirtualmachine.
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WindowsStartmenu,andenterservices.msc.Inthewindowthatappears,startthe
servicecalledVMwareToolsService.
IftheVMwareToolsicondoesnotappearinthenotificationareaoftheWindows
gueststaskbar,usetheVMwareToolscontrolpanelintheguestoperatingsystemto
displayit,asdescribedinthefollowingprocedure.
To change property settings for VMware Tools on Windows systems
1
Intheguestsystem,clickStart>Settings>ControlPanelorStart>ControlPanel,
dependingontheversionofWindowsyouareusing.
OnWindowsVistaguests,youneedtobeloggedinasanAdministratoruserto
opentheVMwareToolscontrolpanel.
IntheControlPanel,locatetheVMwareToolsiconanddoubleclickit.
IntheVMwareToolsPropertiesdialogboxthatappears,ontheOptionstab,select
ShowVMwareToolsinthetaskbar.
Thissettingreactivatestheiconinthenotificationareaofthetaskbar.
TochangeanyotherVMwareToolsproperties,usethetabsinthisdialogbox.
Formoreinformationabouttheproperties,clicktheHelpbutton.
To change property settings for VMware Tools on a Linux, Solaris, or FreeBSD

system
1
Boottheguestoperatingsystem,startX,andlaunchyourgraphicalenvironment.
LaunchtheVMwareToolsbackgroundapplicationwiththiscommand:
vmware-toolbox &
YoucanrunVMwareToolsasrootorasanormaluser.Toshrinkvirtualdisksor
tochangeanyVMwareToolsscripts,youmustrunVMwareToolsasroot(su -).
3
TochangeanyotherVMwareToolsproperties,usethetabsinthisdialogbox.
Formoreinformationabouttheproperties,clicktheHelpbutton.
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Similarly,youcanconfiguretheResetbuttontoworkthesamewayasaresetswitch,
sothatitresetsthevirtualmachineabruptly,withnoconsiderationforworkin
progress.OryoucansettheResetbuttontohavetheVMwareToolsservicesenda
restartsignaltotheguestoperatingsystem.Itthenshutsdowngracefullyandrestarts.
NOTENotallguestoperatingsystemsrespondtoashutdownsignalfromthePower
Offbutton,ortoarestartsignalfromtheReset.Ifyouroperatingsystemdoesnot
respondtothesignal,shutdownorrestartfromwithintheoperatingsystem,asyou
wouldwithaphysicalmachine.
To configure the Power options for a virtual machine
1
StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbepoweredonoroff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectPower.
InthePowerControlsareaofthedialogbox,specifywhetheryouwantthePower
Offbuttontoshutdowntheguestgracefullyortoabruptlypowerthevirtual
machineoff.
Theselectionyoumakeisreflectedinthetooltipyouseewhenyouplaceyour
mousepointeroverthePowerOffbutton.
Similarly,specifyhowyouwanttheResetbuttontowork.
Itcaneitheractasaresetswitchandabruptlyresettheguestoperatingsystem,or
itcansendarestartsignaltotheguestoperatingsystemsothatitshutsdown
gracefullyandrestarts.
TousetheRestartGuestoption,makesureVMwareToolsisinstalledintheguest
operatingsystem.
Ifyouwanttochangeanyoftheothersettingsandneedmoreinformation,click
Helptodisplaytheonlinehelp.
ForUNIXguests,ifyouwanttopassXtoolkitoptionswhenyoupoweronavirtual
machine,seeAppendix A,WorkstationCommandLineReference,onpage 407.
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Simplifying the Screen Display

YoucanturnoffthedisplayofmanyofthecontrolsvisibleintheVMwareWorkstation
window.
UsetheViewmenutotogglethefollowingcontrolsonoroff:
Sidebar
Toolbar
Statusbar
Virtualmachinetabs
OnaWindowshost,youcanalsohidethemenubar,thetoolbar,thestatusbar,andthe
sidebar.Clickthetitlebaricon,andchooseHideControls.
Figure 7-1. Hide Controls Command on a Windows Host
ForthesimplestVMwareWorkstationwindowonaWindowshost,firstchoose
View>Tabstoturnoffthetabs.Then,fromthetitlebariconshortcutmenu,choose
HideControls.Thiswindowisverysimilartofullscreenmodeexceptthatthetaskbars
forboththehostandtheguestaredisplayed.
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Tohidethefullscreentoolbarandmenuswhileyouareusingfullscreenmode,
clickthepushpiniconandmoveyourmousepointeroffofthetoolbar.
Thisactionwillunpinthetoolbar.Thetoolbarslidesuptothetopofthemonitor
anddisappears.
Todisplaythetoolbaragain,movethemousepointertothetopofthescreenuntil
thetoolbarappears.
Ifyouwantthetoolbartoremainonthescreen,clickthepushpiniconagain.
Toswitchfromonepoweredonvirtualmachinetoanotherwhileinfullscreen
mode,dooneofthefollowing:
ClicktheNextbuttononthetoolbar,asshowninFigure 72.
Clickthevirtualmachinearrow,asshowninFigure 72.
Thevirtualmachineselectorarrowenablesyoutochooseaspecific
poweredonvirtualmachine.
PressCtrl+Alt+rightarrowtogotothenextvirtualmachine,orpress
Ctrl+Alt+leftarrowtogotothepreviousvirtualmachine.
UsetheVMmenuonthetoolbartoaccessanyofthecommandsthatyounormally
seeintheWorkstationVMmenu.
NOTETodisplaythevirtualmachineacrosstwoormoremonitorsinfullscreenmode,
seeUsingMultipleMonitorsonpage 162.
Using Quick Switch Mode

Quickswitchmodeissimilartofullscreenmodewiththeadditionoftabsatthetopof
thescreenforswitchingfromonevirtualmachinetoanother.Theotherdifferenceis
thatyoucanusequickswitchmodewithvirtualmachinesthatarepoweredonoroff,
whereasfullscreenmodeisavailableonlyforvirtualmachinesthatarepoweredon.
Inquickswitchmode,thevirtualmachinesscreenisresizedtofillthescreen
completely,exceptforthespaceoccupiedbythetabs.
Toenterquickswitchmode,chooseView>QuickSwitch.
ToviewtheWorkstationmenuandtoolbarwhileyouareusingquickswitchmode,
movethemousepointertothetopofthescreen.
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To use exclusive mode

1
StartWorkstationandmakesureoneormorevirtualmachinesarepoweredon.
Ifyouhavemultiplemonitors,movetheWorkstationwindowintothemonitor
youwanttousefordisplayingthisvirtualmachineinexclusivemode.
PressCtrl+Alt+Entertoenterfullscreenmode.
Onthefullscreentoolbar,dooneofthefollowing:
OnWindowshosts,clicktheWorkstationicontodisplaythesystemmenu
andchooseExclusiveMode.
System menu
OnLinuxhosts,clicktheViewmenuonthefullscreentoolbarandchoose
ExclusiveMode.
Toexitfullscreenmodeandreturntowindowedmode,pressCtrl+Alt.
Inexclusivemode,youcannotdisplaythefullscreentoolbar.
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ClicktheHardwaretab,andselectDisplay.
IfDisplaydoesnotappearinthelistontheHardwaretab,itprobablymeansthat
thevirtualmachineisaWorkstation4or5virtualmachine.OnlyWorkstation6
virtualmachineshavethisfeature.
OntheDisplaytab,undermostcircumstances,selectUsehostsettingfor
monitors.
Thisoptionmeansthatifthevirtualmachineisrunonahostthatisusingone
monitor,thevirtualmachinewillseeonlyonemonitor.Butifthesamevirtual
machineismovedtoadifferenthostthatisusingtwomonitors,thevirtual
machinewillseetwomonitors.
Here,thenumberofmonitorsdependsonthenumberofmonitorsthehost
recognizeswhenitstartsup.Forexample,ifyoupoweronalaptopthatis
undocked,thehostsettingisonemonitor,evenifyoulaterplacetherunning
laptopinadockingstationthatusestwomonitors.
Similarly,ifthehosthasonemonitorandyoususpendthevirtualmachineand
thenchangeyourhosttohavetwomonitors,whenyouresume,thevirtual
machinewillstillbeconfiguredtouseonemonitor.Youwillneedtorestartthe
virtualmachinetodetectthenewsettings.
Ifyousetaspecificnumberofmonitors,alsospecifyasufficientmaximum
resolution.
Theresolutionofahostmonitorthatyouusetodisplaythevirtualmachinemust
notexceedtheMaximumresolutionsettingyouspecifyhere.
PoweronthevirtualmachineandchooseView>FullScreenfromtheWorkstation
menubar.
Formoreinformationaboutfullscreenmode,seeUsingFullScreenModeon
page 158.
NOTEMakesurethevirtualmachineiscompletelypoweredon.Ifwhenyou
poweronthevirtualmachineitissettoberestoredfromasnapshotandif
backgroundsnapshotsareenabled,poweringonmighttakelonger.Inthiscase,
displayingthevirtualmachinetotwomonitorsmightnotworkcorrectlyatfirst.If
youseethisissue,gotoEdit>Preferences>Prioritydeselectthecheckboxcalled
Takeandrestoresnapshotsinthebackground.
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DrageachWorkstationwindowtothemonitoronwhichyouwanttouseit.
Forthelargestpossiblescreendisplay,switcheachofthewindowstofullscreen
mode(chooseView>FullScreen).Formoreinformation,seeUsingFullScreen
Modeonpage 158.
Toswitchmouseandkeyboardinputfromthevirtualmachineonthefirstscreen
tothevirtualmachineonthesecondscreen,movethemousepointerfromoneto
theother.
YoudonotneedtotakeanyspecialstepsifVMwareToolsisrunninginbothguest
operatingsystemsandifyouareusingthedefaultsettingsforgrabbinginput.
Ifyouchangedthedefaults,youmightneedtopressCtrl+Alttoreleasethemouse
pointerfromthefirstvirtualmachine,moveittothesecondvirtualmachine,and
clickinthesecondvirtualmachinesoitwillgrabcontrolofmouseandkeyboard
input.
Fitting the Workstation Console to the Virtual Machine Display

TheViewmenusAutofitandFitcommandsallowyoutomatchtheWorkstation
consolewiththeguestoperatingsystemdisplaysize.
WithbothAutofitcommandstoggledoff,Workstationdoesnotautomaticallymatch
windowsizesasyouwork.ScrollbarsappearintheconsolewhentheWorkstation
consoleissmallerthantheguestoperatingsystemdisplay.Ablackborderappearsin
theconsolewhentheconsoleislargerthantheguestoperatingsystemdisplay.
TheAutofitandFitcommandsaredescribedTable 71.
Table 7-1. Autofit and Fit Commands
View Menu
Command
AutofitWindow
AutofitGuest1
Description
1
CausestheWorkstationconsoletomaintainthesizeofthevirtual
machinesdisplayresolution.Iftheguestoperatingsystemchangesits
resolution,theWorkstationconsoleresizestomatchthenewresolution.
Causesthevirtualmachinetoresizetheguestdisplayresolutionto
matchthesizeoftheWorkstationconsole.
1. AnAutofitcommandistoggledonoroffeachtimeyouselectit.IfbothAutofitcommands
aretoggledon,youcanmanuallyresizetheWorkstationconsole,buttheguestoperating
systemcanalsoresizetheWorkstationconsole.
2. ThiscommandisredundantwhenoneoftheAutofitoptionsisactivebecausetheconsole
andtheguestoperatingsystemdisplayarethesamesize.
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Considerations for Display Resizing in Solaris Guests

ForSolaris10guests,thefollowingconsiderationsapplytodisplayresizing:
UpdateVMwareToolstoversion6.0orhigherintheguestforthedisplayresizing
optionstowork.
BeforeyoucanusetheAutofitGuestandFitGuestNowoptions,VMwareTools
mustberunning.
Solaris10guestsmustberunninganXorgXserverandJDS/Gnome.
Working with Nonstandard Resolutions

Aguestoperatingsystemanditsapplicationsmightreactunexpectedlywhenthe
WorkstationconsolesizeisnotastandardVESAresolution(640480,800600,
1024768,andsoon).
Forexample,theAutofitGuestandFitGuestNowcommandsallowyourguest
operatingsystemscreenresolutiontobesetsmallerthan640480,butsomeinstallers
donotrunatresolutionssmallerthan640480.Programsmightrefusetorun.Error
messagesmightincludesuchphrasesasVGARequiredToInstallorYoumusthave
VGAtoinstall.
Therearetwowaystoworkaroundthisproblemwithnonstandardresolutions:
Ifyourhostcomputersscreenresolutionishighenough,youcanenlargethe
window,andchooseFitGuestNow.
Ifyourhostcomputersscreenresolutiondoesnotallowyoutoenlargethe
Workstationconsolesufficiently,youcanmanuallysettheguestoperating
systemsscreenresolutionto640480orlarger.
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Running Virtual Machines from Within an IDE

Ifyouwanttousevirtualmachinesfortestingcodeaspartofyourdevelopment
process,youwillbeinterestedintheWorkstationIDE(integrateddevelopment
environment)plugins.Workstationpluginsenableyoutoeasilytest,run,anddebug
programsinvirtualmachines.
ThepluginsallowyoutoperformtheseactionsfromwithinVisualStudio(Windows
only)orEclipse(WindowsorLinux).Whenapluginisinstalled,additionaluser
interfaceitemsareaddedtotheIDE.Forexample,inVisualStudio,youwillseea
toolbarbuttoncalledConfiguretheVirtualDebuggerforthisproject.
ClickingthisbuttoninVisualStudioenablesyoutospecifysettingssuchasthelocation
ofthevirtualmachine,whichsetuporcleanupscriptstoexecute,thelocationofshared
folders,anddirectoriestobecopiedbetweenthehostandguest.
InEclipse,thepluginaddsnewlaunchconfigurationtypes,whichletyouconfigure
manyofthesesamethings.
Dependingontheconfigurationsettingyouspecify,whentheapplicationfinishes
running,thevirtualmachineispoweredoff,suspended,revertedtoasnapshot,orleft
initscurrentstate.
ToinstalltheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggerortheVisualStudioIntegrated
VirtualDebugger,youhavethefollowingoptions:
IfyouhavealreadyinstalledVisualStudioorEclipse,youcaninstalleitherorboth
oftheseIDEpluginswhenyouinstallWorkstation,asfollows:
OnWindowshosts,whenyoucompletetheWorkstationInstallationwizard,
ifyouhaveVisualStudioorEclipsealreadyinstalled,thevirtualdebuggers
areinstalledbydefault.Ifyoudonotwanttoinstallthem,youneedtochoose
theCustomsetupanddeselectthem.
OnLinuxhosts,duringinstallation,youarepromptedtospecifywhetheryou
wantthedebuggerinstalled.
IfyoualreadyhaveWorkstationinstalled,runtheWorkstationinstalleragain:
OnWindowshosts,chooseModifytoinstallthevirtualdebuggers.
OnLinuxhosts,whenprompted,specifythatyoudowantthedebugger
installed.
ForinformationaboutinstallingandusingtheWorkstationIDEplugins,see
Appendix B,UsingtheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebugger,onpage 415and
Appendix C,UsingtheVisualStudioIntegratedVirtualDebugger,onpage 427.
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ClickOKtoclosethevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
Whenauserstartsupthisvirtualmachine,thenewlycreatedapplianceviewis
displayed.Itfirstdisplaysapoweringonmessageandthenprovidesalinktoclick
inordertoaccesstheappliancesmanagementconsole.
Transferring Files and Text Between the Host and Guest

Workstationgivesyouseveralmechanismsfortransferringfilesbetweenthehostand
guest.Youcantransferfiles:
UsingDragandDroponpage 171
UsingCopyandPasteonpage 172
UsingSharedFoldersonpage 173
UsingaMappedDrive(WindowsOnly)onpage 180
Using Drag and Drop

Tousethedraganddropfeature,makesureyouhaveVMwareToolsinstalledonthe
virtualmachine.Withthisfeature,youcanmovefilesanddirectorieseasilybetween
LinuxandWindowshostsandLinux,Windows,andSolaris10guests,butnotbetween
Windows95andWindows98guests.
LinuxhostsandguestsmustberunningXWindows.Solaris10guestsmustberunning
anXorgXserverandJDS/Gnome.
Youcandraganddropfilesorfoldersfromafilemanager,suchasWindowsExplorer,
onthehosttoafilemanagerinthevirtualmachineandviceversa.Youcanalsodrag
filesfromafilemanagertoanapplicationthatsupportsdraganddrop,orfrom
applicationssuchaszipfilemanagersthatsupportdraganddropextractionof
individualfiles.Youcanalsodraganddropfilesfromonevirtualmachinetoanother.
Whenyoudragafileorfolderfromhosttovirtualmachineorfromvirtualmachineto
host,Workstationcopiesthefileorfoldertothelocationwhereyoudropit.Thismeans,
forexample,thatifyoudropafileonthedesktopiconofawordprocessor,theword
processoropenswithacopyoftheoriginalfile.Theoriginalfiledoesnotreflectany
changesyoumaketothecopy.
Initially,theapplicationopensusingacopyofthefilethatisstoredinyourtemp
directory.OnWindows,thisisthefilespecifiedinthe%TEMP%environmentvariable,
andonLinuxandSolaris,itisthe/tmp/VMwareDnDdirectory.Toprotectanychanges
youmake,chooseFile>SaveAsfromtheapplicationsmenuandsavethefileina
differentdirectory.Otherwise,itcanbeoverwrittenordeletedbymistake.
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ClicktheOptionstab,andselectGuestIsolation.
Toenableordisablethesetting,usethecheckboxcalledEnablecopyandpasteto
andfromvirtualmachineandclickOK.
Using Shared Folders

Withsharedfoldersyoucaneasilysharefilesamongvirtualmachinesandthehost
computer.Youchooseadirectoryonthehostoronanetworkdirectorythatis
accessibletothehost,andyougiveitthenameyouwanttouseontheguest.
Tousesharedfolders,youmusthavethecurrentversionofVMwareToolsinstalledin
theguestoperatingsystemandyoumustconfigureyourvirtualmachinesettingsto
specifywhichdirectoriesaretobeshared.
Youcanusesharedfolderswithvirtualmachinesrunningthefollowingguest
operatingsystemsandonallsupportedhostsystems:
WindowsServer2003
WindowsXP
Windows2000
WindowsNT4.0
WindowsVista
Linuxwithakernelversionof2.4orhigher
Solarisx8610
Solarisx8610Update1
Solarisx8610Update2
Solarisx8610Update3
Thesharedfolderscanbeinthehostcomputersfilesystemortheycanbenetwork
directoriesaccessiblefromthehostcomputer.
To set up shared folders for a virtual machine
1
ChooseVM>Settings.
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ClicktheOptionstab,andselectSharedFolders.
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Enabling and Disabling Shared Folders

Thissectionincludesthefollowingprocedures:
Toenablesharedfoldersforvirtualmachinescreatedbyotherusersonpage 175
Asasecurityprecaution,bydefault,asharedfolderisdisabledifitwasnotcreated
bytheuserthatpowersonthevirtualmachine.Thisproceduredescribeshowto
changethedefaultbehavior.
Youmightwanttoenablefoldersharingifyoucreatedvirtualmachineswith
Workstation4or5.FoldersharingforWorkstation4and5virtualmachinesisalso
disabledbydefault.
Toenableordisablesharedfoldersforspecificvirtualmachinesonpage 176
Thisproceduredescribeshowtoenablefoldersharingforaspecificvirtual
machineandalsohowtoenablespecificfolders.
To enable shared folders for virtual machines created by other users

1
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>Preferences.
OntheWorkspacetab,intheVirtualMachinessection,selectEnableallshared
foldersbydefault.
Thissettingappliestosharedfoldersonallvirtualmachinesthatarecreatedby
otherusers,suchasappliancedevelopers.
CAUTIONEnablingallsharedfoldersmightposeasecurityriskbecauseashared
foldercouldenableexistingprogramsinsidethevirtualmachinetoaccessthehost
filesystemwithoutyourknowledge.
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Viewing a Shared Folder

Sharedfoldersappeardifferently,dependingontheguestoperatingsystem.The
followingsectionsdescribeviewingsharedfoldersinWindows,Solaris,andLinux
guests.Youcanusesharedfolderstoshareanytypeoffile.
WARNINGDonotopenafileinasharedfolderfrommorethanoneapplicationata
time.Forexample,donotopenthesamefileusinganapplicationonthehostoperating
systemandanotherapplicationintheguestoperatingsystem.Ifoneoftheapplications
writestothefile,somedatacorruptioncouldoccur.
Viewing Shared Folders in a Windows Guest
InaWindowsguestoperatingsystem,youcanviewsharedfoldersusingdesktop
icons.LookinMyNetworkPlaces>EntireNetwork(NetworkNeighborhoodfora
WindowsNTguest,orNetworkforWindowsVista)underVMwareSharedFolders.
Ifyouhavetroublefindingasharedfolderwhenusingthedesktopicon,open
WindowsExplorerandlookinMyNetworkPlaces(orNetworkNeighborhood).
Forexample,ifyouspecifythenameTest filesforoneofyoursharedfolders,you
cannavigatetoitontheguestsystembyopeningMyNetworkPlaces>Entire
Network>VMwareSharedFolders>.host>SharedFolders>Testfiles.
YoucanalsogodirectlytothefolderusingtheUNCpath
\\.host\Shared Folders\Test files.
Ontheguestsystem,youcanmapasharedfoldertoadriveletterjustasyouwould
withanetworkshare.InWindowsExplorer,chooseTools>MapNetworkDrive,and
browsetothelocationofthesharedfolder.Thesharedfolderislocatedat
\\.host\Shared Folders.
NOTEIfyourguestoperatingsystemhasVMwareToolsfromWorkstation4.0,shared
foldersappearasfoldersonadesignateddriveletter.
Viewing Shared Folders in a Linux or Solaris 10 Guest
OnaLinuxvirtualmachine,sharedfoldersappearunder/mnt/hgfs.OnaSolaris
virtualmachine,sharedfoldersappearunder/hgfs.
Viewing Shared Folders on the Host
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Settings>Options>SharedFolderstosee
alistofthesharedfoldersandthedirectorypathstothem.
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mount -t vmhgfs .host:/foo/bar /var/lib/bar
mountsthesubdirectorybarwithinthesharefooto/var/lib/bar.
Whenyouusethemountprogram,theVMwarehostguestfilesystemallowsyoutouse
VMwarespecificoptionsinadditiontothestandardmountsyntax.Toseeusage
informationhostguestfilesystemoptions,enter:
/sbin/mount.vmhgfs -h
NOTEWhenyouinstallVMwareTools,anentryismadetoetc/fstabtospecifythe
locationofsharedfolders.Youcaneditthisfiletochangeoraddentries.
InpreviousversionsofVMwareTools,whenaLinuxguestattemptedtomounta
sharedfolder,thevmware-guestdprogramattemptedtoperformthemount.Ifit
failed,theonlyevidenceofthefailurewasanemptyfolder.
WiththenewversionofVMwareTools,theToolsservicesscriptloadsadriverthat
performsthemount.Ifthemountfails,youwillseeamessageregardingMounting
HGFSshares(HGFSmeanshostguestfilesystem).
Themountmightfailifsharedfoldersaredisabledorifthesharedoesntexist.Inthis
case,receivingthefailuremessageistobeexpected.Youwillnolongerbepromptedto
reruntheVMwareToolsconfigurator(thevmware-config-tools.plfile).
Improved Handling of Permissions
ManyrefinementshavebeenmadeforLinuxguestsonbothLinuxandWindowshosts:
IfyouuseaLinuxhostandcreatefilesthatyouwanttosharewithaLinuxguest,
thefilepermissionsshownontheguestareexactlythesameasthoseonthehost.
Usefmaskanddmasktomaskoutpermissionsbitsforfilesanddirectories.
IfyouuseaWindowshostandcreatefilesthatyouwanttosharewithaLinux
guest,readonlyfilesaredisplayedashavingreadandexecutepermissionfor
everyone,andotherfilesareshownasfullywritablebyeveryone.
IfyouuseaLinuxguesttocreatefilesthatyouwanttorestrictpermissionson,use
themountprogramwiththefollowingoptionsintheguest:uid,gid,fmask,
dmask,ro(readonly),andrw(readwrite).Notethatrwisthedefault.
AlsonotethatifyouareusingaWindowshostoraLinuxhostcreatedwitha
previousreleaseofWorkstation,youcanchangeonlytheownerpermissions.(This
behavioristhesameasinpreviousreleases.)
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Fromthehost,readfromorwritetofilesonthemappedvirtualdisk,asdesired.
Whenyouarefinishedandwanttoaccessthisdiskfromavirtualmachineagain,
proceedtothenextstep.
Todisconnectthehostfromthedisk:
a
ChooseFile>MaporDisconnectVirtualDisks.
IntheMaporDisconnectVirtualDrivesdialogbox,selectthevolumethatyou
wanttodisconnectandclickDisconnect.
Ifyoureceiveanerrormessageaskingwhetheryouwanttoforcibly
disconnect,clickYes.
ClickOK.
Youcannowpoweronanyvirtualmachinethatusesthisdisk.
NOTEAsanalternativetousingtheFile>MaporDisconnectVirtualDiskscommand,
youcanselectapoweredoffvirtualmachineandchooseVM>Settings>Hardwaretab.
SelectaharddiskandclickUtilities>Map.TheMapVirtualDiskdialogboxappears
withthecorresponding.vmdkfilealreadyselected.Todisconnect,choose
VM>Settings>Hardware,selecttheharddiskandclickUtilities>Disconnect.
Using Devices in a Virtual Machine

Followtheguidelinesinthissectiontoadd,remove,configure,connect,anddisconnect
yourvirtualmachinesdevices.
Adding, Configuring, and Removing Devices in a Virtual

Machine
Thissectionprovidesgeneralinstructionsforusingthevirtualmachinesettingseditor
toaddandremovedevicesforavirtualmachineandtochangedevicesettings.For
informationaboutconfiguringspecifictypesofdevices,seeChapter 15,Connecting
Devices,onpage 329.
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Creating a Screen Shot of a Virtual Machine

Youcancaptureascreenshotofavirtualmachine.FromtheWorkstationmenubar,
chooseVM>CaptureScreen.Youcansavethisimageasabitmap(.bmp)fileona
Windowshostorasaportablenetworkgraphics(.png)fileonaLinuxhost.
Creating a Movie of a Virtual Machine

Youcancaptureamovieofyouractivitywithinavirtualmachine.Workstationsaves
thisimageasan.avifileonthehost.
NOTEIfinsteadofcreatingamovieyouwanttoactuallyrecordtheactivityofthe
virtualmachine,seeRecordingActivityofaVirtualMachine(Experimental)on
page 239.Youmightwanttorecordavirtualmachinefordebuggingpurposesorto
exactlyreproducethestepsthatcauseacertainbehavior.
To capture a movie of virtual machine activity
1
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>CaptureMovie.
ASaveFiledialogboxappears.
EnterinformationforyourmovieandclickSave.
Usethefollowingguidelines:
TheQualitysettingdeterminesthecompressionandthereforethefilesizeof
theresultingmovie.
IfyouselectOmitframesinwhichnothingoccurs,themoviewillinclude
onlythoseperiodsoftimewhensomethingisactuallyhappeninginthe
virtualmachine.Thisreducesthefilesizeandlengthofthemovie.
Whilemoviecaptureisactive,aredcircle(avirtualLED)appearsinthe
notificationareaofthewindow.
Inthevirtualmachine,performtheactionsyouwanttohaveappearinthemovie.
Tostopthemovie,dooneofthefollowing:
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ChooseVM>StopMovieCapture.
RightclickthemoviecaptureiconinthenotificationareaandchooseStop
MovieCapture.Theredcircledisappearsfromthestatusbar,andyourmovie
issaved.
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About VNC Port Numbers

WhenconfiguringVNC,asdescribedlaterinthissection,ifyouwanttoconnectto
morethanonevirtualmachineonthesamehostwithaVNCclient,youmustspecifya
uniqueportnumberforeachvirtualmachine.VMwaresuggestsyouuseaportnumber
intherangefrom5901to6001.
Youcanuseanyportnumber,butkeepinmindthatcertainportnumbersareusedby
otherapplications,andsomeportnumbersareprivileged(meaningonlytherootor
Administratorusercanlisten).Forexample,theVMwareManagementInterfaceuses
ports8333and8222;onLinux,onlyrootcanlistentoportsuptoportnumber1024.
Conflictscanoccurifyouspecifyaportinusebyanotherapplication.
Ensuring Proper Display on the Client

FortheVNCclient,besuretospecifythefollowingsettingsbeforeyouconnecttoa
virtualmachine.Makesuretheclientissetforhextileencoding,andmakesurethe
clientissettouseallcolors.Forexample,ifyouuseRealVNCViewer,underthe
PreferredEncodingoption,selectHextile,andundertheColourLeveloption,select
Full(allavailablecolours).
Thefollowingissuesareknowntooccurwhenyouconnecttovirtualmachineswitha
VNCclient:
Youcannottakeorreverttosnapshots.
Youcannotchangethepowerstateofthevirtualmachine;thatis,youcannot
poweron,poweroff,suspend,orresume.Youcanshutdowntheguestoperating
system,however,whichmightpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
Youcannotcopyandpastetextbetweenthehostandguestoperatingsystem.
Youcannotconfigurethevirtualmachinewiththevirtualmachinesettingseditor,
andneithercanyouupgradeVMwareTools.
Remotedisplaydoesnotworkwellifyouarealsousingthe3Dfeature.This
featureisdescribedinExperimentalSupportforDirect3Donpage 322.
To set up VNC connections to a virtual machine

1
MakesuretheguestoperatingsystemhasVMwaretoolsinstalled.
ChooseVM>Settings.
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Moving and Sharing Virtual

Machines
Thischapterprovidesinformationonhowtomoveyourvirtualmachinesfromone
hosttoanother,orelsewhereonthesamehost,plusrecommendationsonhowtoshare
virtualmachineswithotherusers.Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
VirtualMachineIdentifier:UUIDonpage 187
MovingaVirtualMachineonpage 190
MovinganOlderVirtualMachineonpage 193
SharingVirtualMachineswithOtherUsersonpage 193
MovingLinkedClonesonpage 193
SharingVirtualMachineswithVMwarePlayeronpage 194
NOTEWhenyoumoveavirtualmachinetoanewhostcomputerortoadifferent
directoryonthesamehostcomputerorwhenyourenameadirectoryinthepathto
thevirtualmachinesconfigurationfileWorkstationgeneratesadifferentMAC
addressforthevirtualEthernetadapter.Foradditionalinformation,seeMaintaining
andChangingtheMACAddressofaVirtualMachineonpage 296.
Virtual Machine Identifier: UUID

Toensureallvirtualmachinesareidentifiedproperly,eachvirtualmachineis
automaticallyassignedauniversaluniqueidentifier(UUID).
UsetheUUIDofavirtualmachineforsystemmanagementinthesamewayyouuse
theUUIDofaphysicalcomputer.TheUUIDisstoredintheSMBIOSsystem
informationdescriptor.ItcanbeaccessedbystandardSMBIOSscanningsoftware,such
asSiSoftwareSandraortheIBMutilitysmbios2.
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Chapter 8 Moving and Sharing Virtual Machines
NOTETochangetheAlwaysKeeporAlwaysCreatesetting,poweroffthevirtual
machineandedititsconfigurationfile(.vmx).Deletethelinethatcontains:
uuid.action = "create"
or
uuid.action = "keep"
Or,conversely,ifyouwanttospecifytoalwayskeeporalwayscreatetheUUID
andnotprompttheusertochooseasettingwhenfirstpoweringonthevirtual
machine,edittheconfigurationfileandaddtheappropriatelineforuuid.action.
Suspendingandresumingavirtualmachinedoesnottriggertheprocessthatgenerates
aUUID.Thus,theUUIDinuseatthetimethevirtualmachinewassuspendedremains
inusewhenthevirtualmachineisresumed,evenifithasbeencopiedormoved.
However,thenexttimethevirtualmachineisrebooted,themessageappears,soyou
canchoosetocreateanewUUIDorkeeptheexistingone.
Specifying a UUID for a Virtual Machine

TheUUIDisa128bitinteger.The16bytesofthisvalueareseparatedbyspaces,except
foradashbetweentheeighthandninthhexadecimalpairs.AnexampleUUIDlooks
likethis:
00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77-88 99 aa bb cc dd ee ff
YoumightwanttoassignaspecificUUIDtothevirtualmachine.Todothis,youneed
tooverridethegeneratedUUIDvalue.Poweroffthevirtualmachineandeditits
configurationfile(.vmx)tosetthevalueoftheUUIDparameter.Useatexteditortoedit
theconfigurationfile.Theformatforthelineis:
uuid.bios = <uuidvalue>
TheUUIDvaluemustbesurroundedbyquotationmarks.Asampleconfigurationline
lookslike:
uuid.bios = "00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77-88 99 aa bb cc dd ee ff"
Afteraddingthislinetotheconfigurationfile,poweronthevirtualmachine.Thenew
UUIDisusedwhenthevirtualmachineboots.
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NOTEIfthehostisauniprocessormachine,assigningtwoprocessorsisneither
supportednorrecommended.Awarningmessagewillappear.Youcandisregardthis
messageandassigntwoprocessorstothevirtualmachine,butwhenyoufinishcreating
thevirtualmachine,youwillnotbeabletopoweritonunlessyoumoveittoahost
machinewithatleasttwologicalprocessors.
Opening a Virtual Machine Created in ESX Server That Has More Than
Two Processors
YoucanuseWorkstation5.5orhigher,runningonamultiprocessorhostmachine,to
openavirtualmachinecreatedinVMwareESXServerthathasoneormorevirtual
processors.However,inWorkstationyoucannotpoweronorresumeavirtualmachine
thathasmorethantwovirtualprocessorsassigned,evenifmoreprocessorswere
assignedwhenthevirtualmachinewascreatedinESXServer.
Youcanseethissettinginthevirtualmachinessummaryvieworbyusingthevirtual
machinesettingseditor.
To open an ESX virtual machine that has more than two processors
1
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Settings>Hardware>Processors,and
notethatNumberofProcessorsissettoOther(x),wherexisthenumberof
processorsoriginallyassignedinESXServer.
Workstationpreservesthisoriginalconfigurationsettingforthenumberof
processors,eventhoughtwoisthemaximumnumberofprocessorssupported.
Changethissettingtotwoprocessorssothatyoucanpoweronthevirtualmachine
inWorkstation.
Notethatonceyoucommitachangetothissetting,theoriginalsettingfornumber
ofprocessorsisdiscarded,andnolongerappearsasanoptioninthevirtual
machinesettingseditor.
Moving a Virtual Machine to a New Host or on the Same Host

Usetheprocedureinthissectioneithertomovethevirtualmachinetoadifferent
locationonthesamehostortomoveittoanewhost.Thissectionappliestovirtual
machinescreatedwithalltheseVMwareproducts:
Workstation4.x,5.x,6.x
GSXServer3.x
VMwareServer1.x
ESXServer2.xor3.x
VMwareACE1.x,2.x
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Usethevirtualmachinesettingseditor(VM>Settings>Hardware)toselectdevices
andfindoutwhetheranyassociatedfilespointtolocationsthatcannotbeaccessed
fromthenewvirtualmachine.
Moving an Older Virtual Machine

IfyoucreatedavirtualmachinebyusingWorkstation2.xor3.x,youmustupgradeit
toatleastversion4.Workstation6doesnotsupportWorkstation2or3virtual
machines.
Moving Linked Clones

YoucanmovealinkedcloneasyouwouldanordinaryWorkstationvirtualmachine.
However,ifyoumovealinkedclone(orifyoumoveitsparentvirtualmachine),make
suretheclonecanaccesstheparentvirtualmachine,forexample,byusingashared
directoryornetworkedfileserver.
CAUTIONYoucannotpoweronalinkedcloneifWorkstationcannotlocatetheoriginal
virtualmachine.
Sharing Virtual Machines with Other Users

Ifyouwantotheruserstobeabletoaccessyourvirtualmachines,considerthe
followingpoints:
Onlyoneusercanrunavirtualmachineatatime.Otheruserscanalsosharea
virtualmachinebymakingalinkedcloneofit.Alinkedcloneisacopythatuses
thesamevirtualdisksastheparentvirtualmachineitwascopiedfrom.See
CloningaVirtualMachineonpage 247.
OnWindowshosts,relocatethevirtualmachinefilestoadirectorythatis
accessibletoallappropriateusers.ThedefaultlocationforaWindowshostisnot
typicallyaccessibletootherusers:
OnWindowsXP:C:\Documents and Settings\<user name>\My

Documents\My Virtual Machines
OnWindowsVista:C:\Users\<user name>\Documents\Virtual
Machines
WhenyouconfigurethevirtualmachineintheNewVirtualMachinewizard,you
canspecifyalocationforthevirtualmachineelsewhereonyoursystemorona
networkvolume.
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To run VMware Player

1
OpenVMwarePlayer,eitherfromthegraphicaluserinterface(GUI)orfromthe
commandline:
FromtheGUI,onWindows,selectVMwarePlayerfromthe
Start>Programs>VMwaremenu.InaLinuxXsession,selectVMwarePlayer
fromthecorrespondingprogrammenu,suchastheSystemToolsmenu.
Fromthecommandline,openacommandprompt,andenteroneofthe
followingcommands:
OnWindows:<path>vmplayer.exe
where<path>istheappropriatepathonyoursystemtotheapplication
file.
OnLinux:vmplayer &
Openavirtualmachine.
Whenyoulaunchtheplayer,itdisplaysaWelcomepagethatgivesyoutheoption
ofbrowsingtoavirtualmachinefile,openingarecentlyusedvirtualmachine,or
downloadingavirtualappliancefromtheVMTN(VMwareTechnologyNetwork)
Website.
To close VMware Player

Shutdowntheguestoperatingsysteminthevirtualmachine.Theplayercloses
aftertheguestoperatingsystemshutsdown.
InVMwarePlayer,chooseVMwarePlayer>Exit(Windows)orPlayer>Quit
(Linux).Playerwilleithersuspendorpoweroffthevirtualmachine,dependingon
thepreferenceyousetforexitbehaviorinPlayer>Preferences.
Setting Up Virtual Machines for Use with VMware Player

Takecarewhenyoucreatevirtualmachinesthatyouintendtobedistributedand
playedbyVMwarePlayer.Configurethevirtualmachineformaximumcompatibility
withallexpectedhostmachinesandsystems.BecausethePlayersconfiguration
optionsarelimited,usersarelimitedintheirabilitytomakechangesinavirtual
machinesothatitiscompatiblewiththeirhostsystems.
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Using Disks
Thischapterprovidesinformationonconfiguringyourvirtualmachinesharddisk
storagesoitbestmeetsyourneeds.Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
OverviewofDiskStorageinaVirtualMachineonpage 197
MaintenanceTasksforVirtualDisksonpage 201
AddingVirtualandPhysicalDiskstoaVirtualMachineonpage 204
UsingVMwareVirtualDiskManageronpage 216
UsingDualBootComputerswithVirtualMachinesonpage 222
LegacyVirtualDisksonpage 222
TomapanexistingvirtualdiskdrivetoaWindowshostmachine,ratherthanadding
ittoavirtualmachine,seeUsingaMappedDrive(WindowsOnly)onpage 180.
Overview of Disk Storage in a Virtual Machine

Likeaphysicalcomputer,aVMwareWorkstationvirtualmachinestoresitsoperating
system,programs,anddatafilesononeormoreharddisks.Unlikeaphysical
computer,Workstationgivesyouoptionsforundoingchangestothevirtualmachines
harddisk.
TheNewVirtualMachinewizardcreatesavirtualmachinewithonediskdrive.Usethe
virtualmachinesettingseditor(bychoosingVM>SettingsfromtheWorkstationmenu
bar)toaddmorediskdrivestoyourvirtualmachine,toremovediskdrivesfromyour
virtualmachine,andtochangecertainsettingsfortheexistingdiskdrives.
Thissectiondescribesthechoicesyoucanmakeinsettingupharddiskstorageforyour
virtualmachine.
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Chapter 9 Using Disks
Lockfilesareusedtoprotectavirtualmachineandarecreatedinsubdirectorieswith
a.lcksuffix.Thelockingsubdirectoriesresideinthesamedirectoryasthevirtual
machines.vmdkfiles.Alockingsubdirectoryandlockfilearecreatedfor.vmdkfiles,
.vmxfiles,and.vmemfiles.
AsoftheWorkstation6release,aunifiedlockingmethodisusedonallhostoperating
systems,sofilessharedbetweenthemarefullyprotected.Forexample,ifoneuseron
aLinuxhosttriestopoweronavirtualmachinethatisalreadypoweredonbyanother
userwithaWindowshost,thelockfileswillpreventtheseconduserfrompoweringon
thevirtualmachine.
Whenavirtualmachinepowersoff,itremovesthelockingsubdirectoriesandtheir
lockfiles.Ifitcannotremovetheselockingcontrols,oneormorestalelockfilesmight
beleft.Forexample,ifthehostmachinecrashesbeforethevirtualmachinehasachance
toremoveitslockingcontrols,stalelockfilesremain.
Whenthevirtualmachinestartsagain,itscansanylockingsubdirectoriesforstalelock
filesand,whenpossible,removesthem.Alockfileisconsideredstaleifbothofthe
followingconditionsaretrue:
Thelockfilewascreatedonthesamehostthatisnowrunningthevirtualmachine.
Theprocessthatcreatedthelockisnolongerrunning.
Ifthosetwoconditionsaretrue,thevirtualmachinecansafelyremovethestalelockor
locks.Ifeitherofthoseconditionsisnottrue,adialogboxappears,warningyouthat
thevirtualmachinecannotbepoweredon.Ifyouaresureitissafetodoso,youcan
deletethelockingdirectoriesandtheirlockfilesmanually.
Physicaldiskpartitionsarealsoprotectedbylocks.However,thehostoperatingsystem
isnotawareofthislockingconventionandthusdoesnotrespectit.Forthisreason,
VMwarestronglyrecommendsthatthephysicaldiskforavirtualmachinenotbe
installedonthesamephysicaldiskasthehostoperatingsystem.
Disk Type: IDE Versus SCSI

VirtualdiskscanbesetupasIDEdisksforanyguestoperatingsystem.Theycanbeset
upasSCSIdisksforanyguestoperatingsystemthathasadriverfortheLSILogicor
BusLogicSCSIadapteravailableinaWorkstationvirtualmachine.Youdetermine
whichSCSIadaptertouseatthetimeyoucreatethevirtualmachine.
NOTETouseSCSIdisksina32bitWindowsXPvirtualmachine,youneedaspecial
SCSIdriveravailablefromthedownloadsectionoftheVMwareWebsiteat
www.vmware.com/download.FollowtheinstructionsontheWebsitetousethedriver
withafreshinstallationofWindowsXP.
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Ifyouusefdiskorasimilarutilityonthehostoperatingsystemtomodifythepartition
tableofthephysicaldisk,youmustrecreatethevirtualmachinesphysicaldisk.All
filesthatwereonthephysicaldiskarelostwhenyoumodifythepartitiontable.
WARNINGDonotuseaphysicaldisktosharefilesbetweenhostandguestoperating
systems.Itisnotsafetomakethesamepartitionvisibletobothhostandguest.Youcan
causedatacorruptionifyoudothis.Tosharefilesbetweenhostandguestoperating
systems,usesharedfolders.Fordetails,seeUsingSharedFoldersonpage 173.
Maintenance Tasks for Virtual Disks

Thissectioncontainsthefollowingtopics:
DefragmentingVirtualDisksonpage 201
ShrinkingVirtualDisksonpage 202
Defragmenting Virtual Disks

Likephysicaldiskdrives,virtualdiskscanbecomefragmented.Defragmentingdisks
rearrangesfiles,programs,andunusedspaceonthevirtualdisksothatprogramsrun
fasterandfilesopenmorequickly.Defragmentingdoesnotreclaimunusedspaceona
virtualdisk.Toreclaimunusedspace,shrinkthedisk.
NOTEThedefragmentationprocessrequiresfreeworkingspaceonthehost
computersdisk.Ifyourvirtualdiskiscontainedinasinglefile,forexample,youneed
freespaceequaltothesizeofthevirtualdiskfile.Othervirtualdiskconfigurations
requirelessfreespace.
To defragment a virtual disk
1
Runadiskdefragmentationutilityinsidetheguestoperatingsystem.
Forexample,inavirtualmachinewithaWindowsXPguestoperatingsystem,use
theWindowsXPDiskDefragmentertoolfromwithinthevirtualmachine.
DefragmentthevirtualdiskbyusingtheWorkstationdefragmentationtool:
a
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
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ThevirtualdiskisstoredonaCDROM.
Thevirtualdiskisanindependentdiskinnonpersistentmode.
Youcanchangethemodeofavirtualdiskbeforethevirtualmachineispowered
on.SeeExcludingVirtualDisksfromSnapshotsonpage 232foradiscussionof
independentdisks.
The Shrinking Process

Shrinkingadiskisatwostepprocess:
1
WipingTakesplaceintheguestoperatingsystem.VMwareToolsreclaimsall
unusedportionsofdiskpartitions(suchasdeletedfiles)andpreparesthemfor
shrinking.Duringthisphase,youcanstillinteractwiththevirtualmachine.
ShrinkingTakesplaceonthehost.Workstationreducesthesizeofthedisksfiles
bytheamountofdiskspacereclaimedinthewipeprocess.Duringthisphase,the
virtualmachineisstopped,andyoucannotinteractwithit.
To shrink a virtual disk

1
LaunchtheVMwareToolscontrolpanel,asappropriateforyouroperatingsystem:
ForaWindowsguest,clicktheVMwareToolsiconinthenotificationareaof
thetaskbar,orchooseStart>Settings>ControlPanel,thendoubleclick
VMwareTools.
ForaLinux,Solaris,orFreeBSDguest,becomerootandrunvmware-toolbox.
Ifyoushrinkdisksasanonrootuseryoucannotwipethepartsofthevirtual
diskthatrequirerootlevelpermissions.
ClicktheShrinktab.
SelectthevirtualdisksyouwanttoshrinkandclickPreparetoShrink.
Adialogboxtrackstheprogressofthewipingprocess.
NOTEIfyoudeselectsomepartitions,thewholediskstillshrinks.However,those
partitionsarenotwipedforshrinking,andtheshrinkprocessdoesnotreducethe
sizeofthevirtualdiskasmuchasitwouldwithallpartitionsselected.
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To add a new virtual disk to a virtual machine

1
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,clickAddtostarttheAddHardwarewizard.
OntheHardwareTypepage,selectHardDiskandclickNext.
OntheSelectaDiskpage,selectCreateanewvirtualdiskandclickNext.
OntheSelectaDiskTypepage,choosewhetheryouwantthevirtualdisktobean
IDEdiskoraSCSIdisk.
InformationabouttherequirementsofcreatingaSCSIdiskappearsinDiskType:
IDEVersusSCSIonpage 199.
AlsoontheSelectaDiskTypepage,ifyouwanttoexcludedisksfromsnapshots,
intheModesection,selectIndependentforthemodeandchooseoneofthe
followingoptions:
PersistentChangesareimmediatelyandpermanentlywrittentothedisk.
NonpersistentChangestothediskarediscardedwhenyoupoweroffor
reverttoasnapshot.
Formoreinformation,seeUsingSnapshotsonpage 227.
8
OntheSpecifyDiskCapacitypage,setthecapacityforthenewvirtualdisk.
Youcansetasizebetween0.1GBand950GBforavirtualdisk.Formore
informationaboutthechoices,seeDiskSizeandFilesonpage 198.
OntheSpecifyDiskFilepage,acceptthedefaultfilenameandlocationorbrowse
toadifferentlocation.
10
ClickFinish.
Thewizardcreatesthenewvirtualdisk.Itappearstoyourguestoperatingsystem
asanew,blankharddisk.
11 Usetheguestoperatingsystemstoolstopartitionandformatthenewdrivefor
use.
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To remove a virtual disk from a virtual machine

1
ChooseVM>Settings.
SelectthevirtualdiskyouwanttoremoveandclickRemove.
Thevirtualdiskisdisconnectedfromvirtualmachine.
Using Physical Disks in a Virtual Machine

Insomesituations,youmightwanttoinstallaguestoperatingsystemdirectlyona
physicaldiskorpartitionevenifyoudonotneedtobootthatdiskonthehost,outside
ofthevirtualmachine.
Itispossibletouseeitheranunusedpartitionoracompletelyunuseddiskonthehost
asadiskinthevirtualmachine.However,itisimportanttobeawarethatanoperating
systeminstalledinthissettingprobablycannotbootoutsideofthevirtualmachine,
eventhoughthedataisavailabletothehost.(Forinformationaboutusinganoperating
systemthatcanalsobootoutsideofthevirtualmachine,seetheVMwaretechnicalnote
calledDualBootComputersandVirtualMachines.)
Physicaldisksareanadvancedfeatureandshouldbeconfiguredonlybyexpertusers.
Touseaphysicaldiskinavirtualmachine,youcaneitherusethevirtualmachine
settingseditortoaddthephysicaldisk,oryoucancreateanewvirtualmachineand
specifyatcreationtimewhichphysicaldiskthevirtualmachineshoulduse.
Regardlessofwhichstrategyyouuse,makesurethephysicaldiskmeetsthe
requirementslistedinthenextsection.
Prerequisites for Using a Physical Disk

BeforeyouruntheNewVirtualMachinewizardorusethevirtualmachinesettings
editortoaddaphysical(raw)disk,performthefollowingtasks:
Becausethevirtualmachineandguestoperatingsystemaccessaphysicaldisk
partitionwhilethehostcontinuestorunitsoperatingsystem,verifythatthe
partitionisnotmountedbythehostorinusebyanothervirtualmachine.
Corruptionispossibleifyouallowthevirtualmachinetomodifyapartitionthat
issimultaneouslymountedunderthehostsoperatingsystem.
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Management).Rightclickthepartitionyouwanttounmap,andchoose
ChangeDriveLetterandPaths.ClickRemove.
(Linuxonly)Setthedevicegroupmembershipordeviceownership,asfollows:
a
Makesurethemasterphysicaldiskdeviceordevicesarereadableand
writablebytheuserwhorunsVMwareWorkstation.Onmostdistributions,
thephysicaldevices,suchas/dev/hda(IDEphysicaldisk)and/dev/sdb
(SCSIphysicaldisk)belongtogroupiddisk.Ifthisisthecase,youcanadd
VMwareWorkstationuserstothediskgroup.
Anotheroptionistochangetheownerofthedevice.Considerallthesecurity
issuesinvolvedinthisoption.
GrantVMwareWorkstationusersaccesstoall/dev/hd[abcd]physical
devicesthatcontainoperatingsystemsorbootmanagers.
YoucanthenrelyonthephysicaldiskconfigurationfilesinVMwareWorkstation
toguardaccess.Thisprovidesbootmanagersaccesstoconfigurationfilesand
otherfilestheymightneedtoboottheoperatingsystems.Forexample,LILOneeds
toread/bootonaLinuxpartitiontobootanonLinuxoperatingsystemthat
mightbeonanotherdrive.
Afteryouarefinishedpreparingthephysicaldisk,useeitherofthefollowingstrategies
tousethephysicaldiskinavirtualmachine:
CreatingaNewVirtualMachineThatUsesaPhysicalDiskonpage 209
UsingtheVirtualMachineSettingsEditortoAddaPhysicalDiskonpage 211
ForgeneralinformationaboutusingphysicaldiskswithWorkstation,seePhysical
Disksonpage 200.
Creating a New Virtual Machine That Uses a Physical Disk

UsetheNewVirtualMachinewizardifyouwanttocreateanewvirtualmachinethat
usesaphysicaldiskratherthansimplyaddaphysicaldisktoanexistingvirtual
machine.
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Using the Virtual Machine Settings Editor to Add a Physical Disk

Usethevirtualmachinesettingseditortoaddanewphysicaldisktoyourvirtual
machine,asdescribedinthefollowingprocedure.
To add a physical disk to a virtual machine
1
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwareTypepage,selectHardDiskandclickNext.
OntheSelectaDiskpage,selectUseaphysicaldiskandclickNext.
Whenthewarningappears,clickOK.
CompletetheSelectaPhysicalDiskpageandclickNext.
Choosethephysicalharddisktousefromthedropdownlist.Workstation
supportsphysicaldisksupto2TB.
Selectwhetheryouwanttousetheentirediskoronlyindividualpartitionson
thedisk.IfyouselectUseentiredisk,continuewithStep 9.
IftheSelectPartitionspageappears,selectthepartitionsyouwanttouseinthe
virtualmachineandclickNext.
ThispageappearsifyouselectedUseindividualpartitionsinStep 7.
Onlythepartitionsyouselectwillbeaccessibletothevirtualmachine.Theother
partitionsmightbevisibletotheguestoperatingsystem,butitisnotpossibleto
mount,access,orformatthem.
OntheSpecifyDiskFilepage,acceptthedefaultfilenameandlocationorbrowse
toadifferentlocation.
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Adding DVD or CD Drives to a Virtual Machine

YoucanaddoneormoreDVDorCDdrivestoyourvirtualmachine.Youcanconnect
thevirtualmachinesdrivetoaphysicaldriveonthehostmachineortoanISOimage
file.
YoucanconfigurethevirtualDVDorCDdriveaseitherIDEorSCSI,nomatterwhat
kindofphysicaldriveyouconnectitto.Inotherwords,ifyourhostcomputerhasan
IDECDdrive,youcansetupthevirtualmachinesdriveaseitherSCSIorIDEand
connectittothehostsdrive.ThesameistrueifthehostsphysicaldriveisaSCSIdrive.
To add a DVD or CD drive to a virtual machine
1
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwareTypepage,selectDVD/CDROMDriveandclickNext.
MakeaselectionontheSelectaDriveConnectionpageandclickNext.
IfyouselectedUsephysicaldrive:
a
ChooseadrivefromthedropdownlistorchooseAutodetect.
IfyoudonotwanttheCDdriveconnectedwhenthevirtualmachinestarts,
deselectConnectatpoweron.
Tospecifywhichdevicenodethedriveshoulduseinthevirtualmachine,click
Advanced.
SelectLegacyemulationonlyifyouhavehadproblemsusingnormalmode.
Fordetails,seeLegacyEmulationforDVDandCDDrivesonpage 214.
Afteryouhavemadeanydesiredchangesinthesesettings,clickFinish.
IfyouselectedUseISOimage:
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Enterthepathandfilenamefortheimagefileorbrowsetothefile.
IfyoudonotwanttheCDdriveconnectedwhenthevirtualmachinestarts,
deselectConnectatpoweron.
213
To add a floppy drive to a virtual machine

1
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwareTypepage,selectFloppyDriveandclickNext.
Completetherestofthewizardbyusingtheinstructionsprovidedinthewizard
pages.
Ifyouareaddingasecondfloppydrivetothevirtualmachine,enablethissecond
floppydriveinthevirtualmachinesBIOS,asfollows:
a
Bootthevirtualmachine,andasitboots,clickinsidethevirtualmachine
windowandpressF2,toentertheBIOSsetuputility.
Onthemainscreen,chooseLegacyDisketteB:andusetheplus(+)andminus
()keysonthenumericalkeypadtoselectthetypeoffloppydriveyouwant
touse.PressF10tosavethesettings.
Connecting a CD-ROM/DVD or Floppy Drive to an Image File

Youcanusethevirtualmachinesettingseditor(VM>Settings)toconnectanexisting
virtualCDROMorfloppydrivetoanimagefile(ISOfile),asdescribedinthefollowing
procedure.
AnISOimagefilelookslikeaCDROMtoyourguestoperatingsystemandeven
appearsasaCDROMinWindowsExplorer.
To connect a CD-ROM or floppy drive to an image file
1
ChooseVM>Settings.
SelecttheDVD/CDROMdriveorfloppydriveyouwanttoconnecttotheimage
file.
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WithVirtualDiskManageryoucanchangewhetherthevirtualdisktypeis
preallocatedorgrowableandwhetherthevirtualdiskisstoredinasinglefileorsplit
into2GBfiles.Forexample,youmightallocateallthediskspaceforavirtualdisk,but
laterfindthatyouneedtoreclaimsomeharddiskspaceonthehost.Youcanconvert
thepreallocatedvirtualdiskintoagrowabledisk,andthenremovetheoriginalvirtual
diskfile.Thenewvirtualdiskislargeenoughtocontainallthedataintheoriginal
virtualdisk.Thevirtualdiskgrowsasyouadddatatoit.
Thesefeaturesandtheabilitytousescriptingtoautomatemanagementofvirtualdisks
wereaddedtoWorkstationinversion5.0.
YoucanusetheVirtualDiskManagerto:
Automatethemanagementofvirtualdiskswithscripts.
Createvirtualdisksthatarenotassociatedwithaparticularvirtualmachine,for
example,tobeusedastemplates.
Switchthevirtualdisktypefrompreallocatedtogrowable,orfromgrowableto
preallocated.Whenyouchangethedisktypetogrowable,youreclaimsomedisk
space.Youcanshrinkthevirtualdisktoreclaimevenmorediskspace.
Expandthesizeofavirtualdisksoitislargerthanthesizespecifiedwhenyou
createdit.
Defragmentvirtualdisks.
Prepareandshrinkvirtualdiskswithoutpoweringonthevirtualmachine
(Windowshostsonly).
YoucanusetheVirtualDiskManagerwithvirtualdiskscreatedunderVMwareServer
andVMwareWorkstation.
NOTEYoucannotusetheVirtualDiskManagertocreatephysicaldisksorshrinkthem.
Running the VMware Virtual Disk Manager Utility

ToruntheVMwareVirtualDiskManagerutility,openacommandpromptorterminal
onthehostoperatingsystem.OnaWindowshost,changetothedirectorywhereyou
installedyourWorkstationsoftware.Bydefault,thisdirectoryis:
C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Workstation
Thecommandsyntaxis:
vmware-vdiskmanager [options]
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Table 9-1. VMware Virtual Disk Manager Utility Commands (Continued)

Options and
Parameters
Description
-s <n>[GB|MB]
Specifiesthesizeofthevirtualdisk.Specifywhetherthesize<n>isingigabytes
ormegabytes.Specifythesizeofavirtualdiskwhenyoucreateit.
Eventhoughyoumustspecifythesizeofavirtualdiskwhenyouexpandit,do
notusethe-soption.
-t [0|1|2|3]
Specifythetypeofvirtualdiskwhenyoucreateanewoneorreconfigurean
existingone.Specifyoneofthefollowingdisktypes:
0Tocreateagrowablevirtualdiskcontainedinasinglevirtualdiskfile.
1Tocreateagrowablevirtualdisksplitinto2GBfiles.
2Tocreateapreallocatedvirtualdiskcontainedinasinglevirtualdiskfile.
3Tocreateapreallocatedvirtualdisksplitinto2GBfiles.
DisablesVirtualDiskManagerlogging.
-q
Ifyoukeeploggingenabled,messagesgeneratedbytheVirtualDiskManager
arestoredinalogfile.Thenameandlocationofthelogfileappearinthe
commandpromptorterminalwindowaftertheVirtualDiskManagercommand
isrun.
Shrinking Virtual Disks with Virtual Disk Manager

(Windows Only)
OnaWindowshost,youcanusetheVirtualDiskManagertoprepareandshrink
growablevirtualdisks(notphysicaldisks)withoutpoweringonthevirtualmachine.
Shrinkingavirtualdiskdoesnotreducethemaximumcapacityofthevirtualdiskitself.
Formoreinformation,seeShrinkingVirtualDisksonpage 202.
CAUTIONYoucannotshrinkavirtualdiskifthevirtualmachinehassnapshots.Tokeep
thevirtualdiskinitscurrentstate,usethesnapshotmanagertodeleteallsnapshots.To
discardchangesmadesinceyoutookasnapshot,reverttothesnapshot.
To shrink a virtual disk
1
Mounteachvolumeofthevirtualdisk.
Ifthevirtualdiskispartitionedintovolumes,eachvolumeofthevirtualdisk
(driveC:orD:,forexample)mustbemustbemountedandpreparedseparately.
Tomountavolume,seeUsingaMappedDrive(WindowsOnly)onpage 180.Or
usetheVMwareDiskMountUtility,availableasafreedownloadfromtheVMware
Website.Gotowww.vmware.com/download/diskmount.html.TheVMware
DiskMountusersmanualisavailablefromtheVMwareWebsiteat
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theVirtualDiskManagerreclaimssomediskspaceinthevirtualdisksoitisonlyas
largeasthedatacontainedwithinit.
Increasing the Size of an Existing Virtual Disk

Toexpandavirtualdisk,useacommandlikethefollowing:
vmware-vdiskmanager -x 40GB myDisk.vmdk
Thisincreasesthemaximumcapacityofthevirtualdiskto40GB.
Renaming a Virtual Disk

Torenameavirtualdisk,firstremoveitfromanyvirtualmachinethatcontainsthedisk
(chooseVM>Settings><virtual_disk>,andclickRemove).Next,useacommandlike
oneofthefollowing(thefilepathsassumeaWindowshost):
Torenamethediskandkeepitinthesamelocation,use:
vmware-vdiskmanager -n myDisk.vmdk myNewDisk.vmdk
Torenamethediskandlocateitinadifferentdirectory,use:
vmware-vdiskmanager -n myDisk.vmdk ..\<new-path>\myNewDisk.vmdk
Tolocatethediskinadifferentdirectoryandkeepthesamename,use:
vmware-vdiskmanager -n myDisk.vmdk ..\<new-path>\myDisk.vmdk
Afteryourenameorrelocatethevirtualdisk,additbacktoanyvirtualmachinesthat
useit.Forinstructions,seeAddinganExistingVirtualDisktoaVirtualMachineon
page 206.
Defragmenting a Virtual Disk

Todefragmentavirtualdisk,useacommandlikethefollowing:
vmware-vdiskmanager -d myDisk.vmdk
Youcannotdefragmentavirtualdiskifyouallocatedallthediskspacewhenyou
createdthevirtualdisk.Youcannotusethiscommandtodefragmentaphysicaldisk.
SeeDefragmentingDiskDrivesonpage 384foradiscussionoftheperformance
impactofdefragmentingdrives.
Preparing a Virtual Disk for Shrinking

Beforeyoucanshrinkavirtualdisk,youmustprepareeachvolumeonthedisk(C:or
D:,forexample)forshrinking.Thefollowingexampleassumesthatthevolumeis
mountedastheM:drive.(Informationaboutmountingvolumesappearsinthe
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Followingisabriefsummaryoffeaturecompatibilitybetweenvariousvirtual
hardwareversionsofVMwareWorkstation:
AWorkstation6virtualmachinesupportsallWorkstation6featuresbutisnot
compatiblewithotherVMwareproducts.
AWorkstation5virtualmachineiscompatiblewithVMwareServer1.x,ESX
Server3.x,andVMwarePlayer1.x.
Workstationversions5.5andlatersupport64bitguestoperatingsystems.
AWorkstation4virtualmachineiscompatiblewithVMwareGSXServer3.x,ESX
Server2.x,andACE1.0.
YoucanuseWorkstation6topoweronvirtualmachinescreatedwithanyofthe
productversionsinthislist.However,manynewfeaturesofWorkstationarenot
availableinoldervirtualmachines.Toupgradeyourvirtualmachinestoversion6,see
ChangingtheVersionoftheVirtualMachineonpage 61.
IfyoudecidenottoupgradeavirtualmachinetoWorkstation6,VMwarerecommends
thatyouupgradeVMwareToolstothelatestversion.Followtheinstructionsforyour
guestoperatingsysteminInstallingandUpgradingVMwareToolsonpage 115.Do
notremovetheolderversionofVMwareToolsbeforeinstallingthenewversion.
YoucanalsouseWorkstation6tocreateaversion4or5virtualmachines.For
instructions,seeSettingUpaNewVirtualMachineonpage 89.
FormoreinformationaboutcompatibilitybetweenVMwareproducts,refertothe
VMwareVirtualMachineMobilityPlanningGuide.
NOTEIfyouhaveWorkstation2or3virtualmachinesthatyouwanttousewith
Workstation 6,upgradethevirtualmachinestoatleastWorkstationversion4before
youattempttopowerthemonwithWorkstation6.
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10
Preserving the State of a

Virtual Machine
10
Workstationprovidestwowaystopreservethestateofavirtualmachine:youcan
suspendthevirtualmachineortakeasnapshotofit.Thischapterdescribesthesuspend
andsnapshotfeaturesandhelpsyouunderstandwhentousethem.
Becausetheexperimentalrecord/replayfeatureuseselementsfromthesnapshot
manager,instructionsforrecordingandreplayingvirtualmachineactivityarealso
included.
UsingtheSuspendandResumeFeaturesonpage 225
UsingSnapshotsonpage 227
RecordingActivityofaVirtualMachine(Experimental)onpage 239
Using the Suspend and Resume Features

Thesuspendandresumefeatureisusefulwhenyouwanttosavethecurrentstateof
yourvirtualmachine,andcontinueworklaterfromthesamestate.Whenyouresume,
anyapplicationsyouwererunningatthetimeyoususpendedthevirtualmachineare
resumedintheirrunningstate,andthecontentisthesameasitwaswhenyou
suspendedthevirtualmachine.
Whenyouresumeanddoadditionalworkinthevirtualmachine,youcannotreturnto
thestatethevirtualmachinewasinatthetimeyoususpended.Topreservethestateof
thevirtualmachinesoyoucanreturntothesamestaterepeatedly,takeasnapshot,as
describedinUsingSnapshotsonpage 227.
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Chapter 10 Preserving the State of a Virtual Machine
Using Snapshots
Workstationsnapshotsallowyoutopreservethestateofthevirtualmachinesoyoucan
returntothesamestaterepeatedly.Forexample,youmightusesnapshotstodevelop
trainingcourses.Youcantakeasnapshotofthemachineforeachlessonorlabinthe
course.Similarly,ifyoutestsoftware,youcantakeasnapshotbeforeinstallingdifferent
versionsofaprogramtoensureeachinstallationbeginsfromanidenticalbaseline.
Snapshot Processes: Linear Versus Process Tree

Takingasnapshotsavesthecurrentstateofthevirtualmachine,soyoucanreturntoit
atanytime.Snapshotsareusefulwhenyouneedtorevertavirtualmachinerepeatedly
tothesamestate,butyoudontwanttocreatemultiplevirtualmachines.
Tosavethecurrentstateofyourvirtualmachinetemporarily,seeUsingtheSuspend
andResumeFeaturesonpage 225.
Youcantakemultiplesnapshotsofavirtualmachine,tosaveanystateyouwantto
returnto.Totakesnapshotsofmultiplevirtualmachines,youmusttakeaseparate
snapshotforeachvirtualmachine.Youmightwanttodothis,forexample,ifyouneed
totakesnapshotsforallvirtualmachinesinateam.
NOTEWorkstationoperatesmoreefficientlywithsnapshotsdisabled.Ifyoudonot
needsnapshotfunctionality,disableitforbetterperformance.SeeDisabling
Snapshotsonpage 237.
Snapshots in a Linear Process

Onecommonuseofsnapshotsisinadevelopmentprocess,asawaytosaveeachstep
inalinearprocess.Thatway,asyouaddnew,untestedcodetoaproject,youcanalways
reverttoapriorknownworkingstateoftheprojectwhennewlyaddedcodedoesnot
workasexpected.
Anotherexampleofusingsnapshotsinalinearprocessisacomputerizedtraining
course.Youcantakesnapshotsofeachlessonstartingpoint,soyoucaninstantlyrevert
totheappropriateplaceforeachstudent,skippinglengthycomputerpreparationtime.
Figure 10-1. Snapshots as Restore Points in a Linear Process
Windows
operating system
lesson 1
lesson 2
lesson 3
lesson 4
lesson 5
Workstationsupportsmorethan100snapshotsperlinearprocess.
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stateistheparentsnapshotofthevirtualmachine.Ifyourevertorgotoanearlier
snapshot,theearliersnapshotbecomestheparentsnapshotofthevirtualmachine.
Figure 10-3. Parent-Child Relationship Between Snapshots
Snapshots 2, 3, and 4
are all children of Snapshot1.
Snapshot 4 is the parent of

the You Are Here position
and therefore the parent
of the virtual machine.
What to Use Snapshots For

Thetopicsinthissectiondescribestrategiesforusingsnapshots.
Use Snapshots as Protection from Risky Changes

Ifyouplantomakeriskychangesinavirtualmachine(forexample,testingnew
softwareorexaminingavirus),takeasnapshotbeforeyoubegin.Ifyouencountera
problem,youcanrestorethevirtualmachinetothestatepreservedinthatsnapshot.
Ifyourriskyactionscausenoproblemsyoucantakeanothersnapshotofthevirtual
machineinitsnewstate.Snapshotscanminimizelostworkifsomethinggoeswrong.
Withmultiplesnapshotsofsavedpositions,youcanreturnatanytimetoany
importantpositionwhenyoudiscoveraproblem.
Start a Virtual Machine Repeatedly in the Same State

Youcanconfigurethevirtualmachinetoreverttoasnapshotanytimeitispoweredoff.
Youmightusethisfeature,forexample,whensettingupstudentvirtualmachinesto
poweronforeachnewclassatthebeginningofthelesson,discardingtheprevious
studentswork.SeeRevertingatPowerOffonpage 237fortheprocedure.
Automatically Record Milestone Status

Youcanconfigureavirtualmachinetotakeasnapshotanytimeitispoweredoff,
preservingavirtualaudittrailasworkprogresses.SeeSnapshotOptionsWhenYou
PowerOffaVirtualMachineonpage 238forconfiguringautomaticsnapshotsat
poweroff.
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Considerations for Workstation 4 Virtual Machines

ForvirtualmachinesthatwerecreatedwithWorkstation4andthathavemultipledisks
indifferentmodes,thefollowingexceptionsapply:
SnapshotsandoldervirtualmachinesYoumustupgradeaWorkstation4
virtualmachinebeforetakingasnapshot.SeeChangingtheVersionoftheVirtual
Machineonpage 61.FormoreinformationaboutusingWorkstation6with
virtualmachinesandsnapshotscreatedunderWorkstationversion4see
SnapshotsandWorkstation4VirtualMachinesonpage 239.
SnapshotsandmultipledisksindifferentmodesYoumustpoweroffthe
virtualmachinebeforetakingasnapshotifthevirtualmachinehasmultipledisks
indifferentdiskmodes.Forexample,ifyouhaveaspecialpurposeconfiguration
thatrequiresyoutouseanindependentdisk,youmustpoweroffthevirtual
machinebeforetakingasnapshot.
Enabling Snapshot Actions as a Background Activity

Takingasnapshotisnotinstantaneous.Bydefault,apreferencesettingenablesyouto
takesnapshotsasabackgroundprocess.Thisway,youcancontinueworkingwhile
Workstationpreservesthesnapshotinthebackground.
IfyoutakeanothersnapshotorreverttoonebeforeWorkstationcompletesapending
snapshotoperation,aprogressdialogboxappears.Whenthisoccurs,youmustwaitfor
thependingsnapshotoperationtofinishbeforethenextsnapshotorresumeoperation
begins.
Enablingbackgroundsnapshotsforahostwithslowharddiskscanadverselyaffect
performance.Ifyouexperiencesignificantperformanceproblemswhentakingor
restoringsnapshots,turnoffthisoption,asdescribedinthefollowingprocedure.
To enable or disable background snapshots
1
ClickthePrioritytab,anddooneofthefollowing:
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Toenablebackgroundsnapshots,makesurethecheckboxintheSnapshots
areaisselected.
Todisablebackgroundsnapshots,deselectthecheckbox.
ClickOK,andrestartthevirtualmachine.
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Working with Snapshots in the Snapshot Manager

Inthesnapshotmanager,youcanreviewallsnapshotsfortheactivevirtualmachine
andactonthemdirectly.Figure 104illustratesthecomponentsofthesnapshot
manager.
Figure 10-4. Snapshot Manager: Windows Host
snapshot
tree
snapshot of a
recording
ordinary
snapshot
snapshot of a
linked clone
details
thumbnail of
selected
snapshots
display
command
buttons
Thesnapshottreeshowsallsnapshotsforthevirtualmachine,arrangedtoshowthe
relationshipbetweensnapshots.TheYouAreHereiconisnotasnapshot;itshowsthe
currentstateofthevirtualmachine.SeeRelationshipBetweenSnapshotson
page 228.
NOTEMovethemousepointeroverasnapshot(withoutclicking)todisplaythe
completenameofthatsnapshot.Thisisusefulwhenalongnameistruncatedinthe
snapshottreedisplay.
ThesnapshotmanagerhasaslightlydifferentappearanceonLinuxhosts,asshownin
Figure 105.
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CloneCreatesastandalonevirtualmachinecalledaclone.Poweroffthevirtual
machinebeforemakingaclonefromasnapshot.Formoreaboutclones,see
CloningaVirtualMachineonpage 247.
CAUTIONIfasnapshothasbeencloned,itbecomeslocked.Ifyoudeletealocked
snapshot,theclonescreatedfromthatsnapshotnolongeroperate.
DeleteDeletestheselectedsnapshotsorrecordings.Todeleteasnapshotor
recordingandallitschildren,rightclickitandchooseDeleteSnapshot/Recording
andChildren.Deletingasnapshotorrecordingdoesnotaffectothersnapshotsor
recordingsorthecurrentstateofthevirtualmachine.
Toselectallsnapshotsandrecordings,rightclickasnapshotorrecordingand
chooseSelectAll.
NOTEYoucannotdeletethesnapshotiftheassociatedvirtualmachineis
designatedasatemplateforcloning.SeeLinkedClonesandAccesstotheParent
VirtualMachineonpage 252foradescriptionoftemplatesettingsforlinked
clones.
To use the snapshot manager

1
Openthesnapshotmanagerbydoingoneofthefollowing:
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Snapshot>SnapshotManager.
OntheWorkstationtoolbar,clicktheManageSnapshotsforVirtualMachine
icon.
Selectasnapshotorrecordingandclickthebuttonforthedesiredaction.To
selectmorethanone,Ctrl+clickthedesiredsnapshotsandrecordings.
Rightclickasnapshotorrecordingandchoosethedesiredactionfromthe
contextmenuthatappears.
Theseactionsweredescribedinthetextprecedingthisprocedure.
Taking a Snapshot
Youcantakeasnapshotwhileavirtualmachineispoweredon,poweredoff,or
suspended.Ifyouaresuspendingavirtualmachine,waituntilthesuspendoperation
hasfinishedbeforetakingasnapshot.AsdescribedinActivitiesThatConflictwith
Snapshotsonpage 230,donottakeasnapshotwhenthevirtualmachineis
communicatingwithanothercomputer.
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Go to Snapshot
Thiscommandactivatesthespecifiedsnapshot.UnlikeRevert,theGotocommandis
notlimitedtotheparentsnapshotofthecurrentstate.Youcanchooseanysnapshot.
Togotoasnapshot,fromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Snapshotandselect
thesnapshotbyname.Or,inthesnapshotmanager,selectasnapshotandclickGoTo.
(Toopenthesnapshotmanager,chooseVM>Snapshot>SnapshotManager.)
Reverting at Power Off

Thissettingcausesthevirtualmachinetoreverttotheparentsnapshotanytimeitis
poweredoff.Theparentsnapshotofavirtualmachineisthesnapshotonwhichthe
currentstate(theYouAreHereposition)isbased.SeeRelationshipBetween
Snapshotsonpage 228.
To set a virtual machine to revert to a snapshot at power off
1
ChooseVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectSnapshot/Replay.
InthesectionWhenpoweringoff,selectReverttosnapshot.
Youcanalsosetthevirtualmachinetotakeasnapshotwhenyoupoweroff.Forthis
andotherpoweroffoptions,seeSnapshotOptionsWhenYouPowerOffaVirtual
Machineonpage 238.
Disabling Snapshots
Workstationspeedandresponsetimesareimprovedwhensnapshotsaredisabled,but
withoutasnapshot,allchangesmadetoavirtualmachinearepermanentandyou
cannotrestoreanearlierstate.
Also,ifyoudisablesnapshots,youwillnotbeabletousetheexperimental
record/replayfeature.Formoreinformation,seeRecordingActivityofaVirtual
Machine(Experimental)onpage 239.
Ifyouwanttodisablesnapshots,makesurethatthevirtualmachinedoesnotcurrently
haveanysnapshots.Ifithassnapshots,deletethem,asdescribedinWorkingwith
SnapshotsintheSnapshotManageronpage 233.Youcanthenperformthefollowing
procedure.
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To set a snapshot option that occurs when powering off

1
ChooseVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectSnapshot/Replay.
SelectanoptioninthesectionWhenpoweringoff.
Theseoptionsaredescribedatthebeginningofthistopicandintheonlinehelp.
ClickOK.
Snapshots and Workstation 4 Virtual Machines

Workstation4virtualmachinesdonotsupportmultiplesnapshots.Forfull
Workstation6functionality,youmustupgrade.
IfyouwanttoupgradebuttheWorkstation4virtualmachinehassnapshots,youmust
firstremovethesnapshots.Useyourearlier,Workstation4.xapplicationtoremovethe
snapshot,andthenupgradetoWorkstation6.Youcanthenupgradethevirtual
machine,asdescribedinChangingtheVersionoftheVirtualMachineonpage 61.
Ifyouchoosenottoupgrade,youpreservetheabilitytousethevirtualmachinein
Workstation4,butnomultiplesnapshotfunctionalityisallowed.
Recording Activity of a Virtual Machine (Experimental)

ThisexperimentalfeatureshouldbeofinteresttosoftwaredevelopersandQA
engineers.Therecord/replayfeatureletsyourecordallofaWorkstation5or
Workstation6virtualmachinesactivityoveraperiodoftime.UnlikeWorkstations
moviecapturefeature,therecord/replayfeatureletsyouexactlyduplicatethe
operationsandstateofthevirtualmachinethroughoutthetimeoftherecording.
WARNINGFeatureswithexperimentalsupportarenotintendedtobeenabledon
productionsystems.Enablingtherecord/replayfeaturemightcausethehosttocrash,
causingyoutolosedata.
Afteryouenabletherecord/replayfeatureforavirtualmachine,startrecordingby
simplyclickingtheRecordbutton.ClicktheStopbuttontoendtherecordingandgo
live.Youcanmakemultiplerecordingsandusethesnapshotmanagertonamethem,
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UnsupportedvirtualdevicesBeforeyouenabletherecord/replayfeature,usethe
virtualmachinesettingseditortoremovethefollowingdevicesfromthevirtual
machine:
Floppydrives
CDROMdrives
NOTEBeforeyouremovetheCDROMdrivefromavirtualmachine,make
surethatVMwareToolsisinstalledintheguestoperatingsystem.During
VMwareToolsinstallation,Workstationtemporarilyconnectsthevirtual
machinesfirstvirtualCDROMdrivetothecorrectISOimagefileforthe
USBcontrollers
Soundadapters
GenericSCSIdevices
LSILogicadapters
Inaddition,avoidconnectingthevirtualmachinetoanetworkordisconnectingit
duringarecordingsession.
DiskspaceHowmuchdiskspacearecordingusesdependsonthetypeofactivity
thatoccursonthevirtualmachineduringtherecordingsession.Assumethatyou
willneedasubstantialamountofdiskspace.
DiskmodeYoucannotusetherecord/replayfeatureifthevirtualmachines
virtualharddiskissettoindependentmode.Thisisbecauserecordingvirtual
machineactivityrequireswritingdataaboutthedisktoacontinualsnapshot.To
changethediskmode,usethevirtualmachinesettingseditor
(VM>Settings>Hardware>HardDisk>Advanced).
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To display the Replay toolbar

ChooseView>Toolbars>Replay.
TheReplaytoolbarappearstotherightoftheothertoolbarsyouhavedisplayed.It
containsthefollowingbuttons:
ReplayLastRecordingPlaysthelastrecordingyoumadefortheselectedvirtual
machine.Ifthevirtualmachineispoweredoff,itisresumed,asifithadbeen
suspended.
Toplayanearlierrecording,usethesnapshotmanager.Choose
VM>Snapshot>SnapshotManager.
RecordTakesasnapshotofthevirtualmachineandbeginsrecording.
StopStopstherecordingorreplaythatisinprogress.
To make a recording
1
Whenyouwanttobeginrecording,clicktheRecordbuttoninthetoolbar,or
chooseVM>Replay>Record.
Asnapshotistaken,andaniconappearsinthestatusbartoindicatethatrecording
isinprogress.
IftheRecordcommandisunavailable,thefeaturemightnotbeenabledorthehard
diskmightbesettoindependentmode.SeeToenablerecord/replayforavirtual
machineonpage 242.
CompletetheTakeRecordingdialogboxthatappearsandclickOK.
CAUTIONWhilearecordingisinprogress,avoidexitingWorkstationand
allowingthevirtualmachinetoruninthebackground.Doingsomightcausethe
virtualmachinetocrash.Alwaysstoprecordingbeforesendingavirtualmachine
toruninthebackground.
Whenyouwanttostoprecording,clicktheStopbuttoninthetoolbar,orchoose
VM>Replay>Stop.
Tochangethenameoftherecording,addorchangethedescription,ordeletethe
recording,chooseVM>Snapshot>SnapshotManager.
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To adjust the speed of playback

1
Tosetallrecordingsforavirtualmachinetobeginplaybackinslowmotion:
a
Addthefollowinglinetotheconfiguration(.vmx)fileforthevirtualmachine:
replay.halt_delay = "<microseconds>"
where<microseconds>isthenumberofmicrosecondsthatthevirtual
processorshouldhaltwhenreplaying.Thissettingcontrolshaltemulation
behavior.Thedefaultis0,whichmeanstherecordingplaysinrealtime.The
maximumvalueis10000.
c
Saveandclosethefile.
Duringplayback,ifyouwanttospeedupplaybackorslowitdowneven
further,usethekeyboardshortcutsdescribedinStep 3.
NOTEThisstepisnotaprerequisitetousingkeyboardshortcutstospeedupor
slowdownarecording.Thisstepisusefulifyouwanttoslowrecordingsdownby
largeincrements,suchas10,000ratherthan100or200microseconds.
2
Replayarecording,asdescribedinToplaybackarecordingonpage 244.
Tousekeyboardshortcutstoslowdownorspeeduparecording:
a
Clickinsidethevirtualmachine,sothatkeyboardeventsaregrabbedbythe
virtualmachine.
Pressoneormoreofthefollowingkeystocontrolthespeedofreplay:
DownarrowSlowsdownreplayby10microseconds.
LeftarrowSlowsdownreplayby100microseconds.
UparrowAcceleratesreplayby10microseconds,ifitwaspreviously
sloweddown.
RightarrowAcceleratesreplayby100microseconds,ifitwas
previouslysloweddown.
Pressthekeyrepeatedlytoslowdownorspeedupreplayevenfurtherin10
or100microsecondincrements,dependingonthekey.
NOTEKeepinmindthatthefastestspeedforreplayisrealtime.Ifyoupressthe
rightarrowkeywhentherecordingissloweddownbyonly10microseconds,then
itwillspeedupbyonly10microseconds.
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11
Cloning a Virtual Machine
11
Thischapterprovidesinstructionsforcreatingandconfiguringclonesofvirtual
machines.Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
UnderstandingClonesonpage 247
CreatingClonesonpage 249
WorkingwithClonesonpage 251
Understanding Clones
Acloneisacopyofanexistingvirtualmachine.Theexistingvirtualmachineiscalled
theparentoftheclone.Whenthecloningoperationiscomplete,thecloneisaseparate
virtualmachine:
Changesmadetoaclonedonotaffecttheparentvirtualmachine.Changesmade
totheparentvirtualmachinedonotappearinaclone.
AclonesMACaddressandUUIDaredifferentfromthoseoftheparentvirtual
machine.
Tosavethecurrentstateofthevirtualmachine,sothatyoucanreverttothatstate,take
asnapshot.Tomakeacopyofavirtualmachineforseparateuse,createaclone.
Althoughacloneisaseparatevirtualmachine,ifthecloneisalinkedclone,itshares
virtualdiskswiththeparentvirtualmachine.Amoredetailedexplanationoflinked
clonesappearsinFullandLinkedClonesonpage 248.
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Chapter 11 Cloning a Virtual Machine
Allfilesavailableontheparentatthemomentofthesnapshotcontinuetoremain
availabletothelinkedclone.Ongoingchangestothevirtualdiskoftheparentdonot
affectthelinkedclone,andchangestothediskofthelinkedclonedonotaffectthe
parent.
Alinkedclonemusthaveaccesstotheparent.Withoutaccesstotheparent,youcannot
usealinkedcloneatall.SeeLinkedClonesandAccesstotheParentVirtualMachine
onpage 252.
Linkedclonesarecreatedswiftly,soyoucaneasilycreateauniquevirtualmachinefor
eachtaskyouhave.Youcanalsoeasilyshareavirtualmachinewithotherusersby
storingthevirtualmachineonyourlocalnetwork,whereotheruserscanquicklymake
alinkedclone.Thisfacilitatescollaboration:forexample,asupportteamcanreproduce
abuginavirtualmachine,andanengineercanquicklymakealinkedcloneofthat
virtualmachinetoworkonthebug.
Full Clones and Snapshots of the Parent

Afullcloneisacompleteandindependentcopyofavirtualmachine.However,thefull
cloneduplicatesonlythestateofthevirtualmachineattheinstantofthecloning
operation.Thusthefullclonedoesnothaveaccesstoanysnapshotsthatmightexistof
theparentvirtualmachine.
Creating Clones
TheCloneVirtualMachinewizardguidesyouthroughtheprocessofmakingaclone.
Youdonotneedtolocateandmanuallycopytheparentvirtualmachinefiles.The
CloneVirtualMachinewizardautomaticallycreatesanewMACaddressandother
uniqueidentifiersfortheclone.
NOTEWorkstation4virtualmachines,andvirtualmachinescreatedwithother
VMwareproductsthatarecompatiblewithversion4,mustbeupgradedtoatleast
Workstationversion5virtualmachinesbeforeyoucanclonethem.SeeChangingthe
VersionoftheVirtualMachineonpage 61.
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Working with Clones

Thissectiondiscussesthefollowingtopics:
MakingaLinkedCloneofaLinkedCloneonpage 251
MakingaFullCloneofaLinkedCloneonpage 251
NetworkIdentityforaCloneonpage 251
LinkedCloneSnapshotonpage 252
LinkedClonesandAccesstotheParentVirtualMachineonpage 252
Making a Linked Clone of a Linked Clone

Itispossibletomakealinkedclonefromalinkedclone,usingtheCloneVirtual
Machinewizard.Keepthesecautionsinmind:
Performancedegradeswhenyoudothis.Whenpossible,makealinkedcloneof
theparentvirtualmachine.
Topoweronandworkwithalinkedcloneofalinkedclone,Workstationmustbe
abletolocateallancestorsinthechain.SeeLinkedClonesandAccesstothe
ParentVirtualMachineonpage 252.
Making a Full Clone of a Linked Clone

Itispossibletomakeafullclonefromalinkedclone,usingtheCloneVirtualMachine
wizard.Thelinkedclonecanbeusedasbefore.Thefullclonecreatedwiththisaction
isanindependentvirtualmachinethatdoesnotrequireaccesstothelinkedcloneorits
ancestors.
Tomakeafullclonefromalinkedclone,Workstationmusthaveaccesstothelinked
cloneandallancestorsatthetimeyouruntheCloneVirtualMachinewizard.Referto
LinkedClonesandAccesstotheParentVirtualMachineonpage 252.
Network Identity for a Clone

TheCloneVirtualMachinewizardcreatesanewMACaddressfortheclonedvirtual
machine.Otherconfigurationinformationisidenticaltothatoftheparentvirtual
machine.Forexample,amachinesnameandstaticIPaddressconfigurationarenot
alteredbytheCloneVirtualMachinewizard.
TopreventconflictwithstaticIPaddressing,changetheclonesstaticIPaddressbefore
thecloneconnectstothenetwork.SeeSelectingIPAddressesonaHostOnlyNetwork
orNATConfigurationonpage 291.
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To enable template mode using the virtual machine settings editor

1
ChooseVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectAdvanced.
IntheSettingssection,clickEnableTemplatemode(tobeusedforcloning)and
clickOK.
Withtemplatemodeenabled,avirtualmachinecannotbedeletedoraddedtoateam,
andthevirtualmachinessnapshotscannotbedeleted.
To create a linked clone from a template
1
Selectthevirtualmachinetouseasaparentofyourlinkedclone.
Verifythattheparenthasatleastonesnapshot.
Openthesnapshotmanagerandcreateasnapshotifnoneexists.
Verifythattemplatemodehasbeenenabled.
SeeToenabletemplatemodeusingthevirtualmachinesettingseditoron
page 253.
Withthevirtualmachinestillselected,launchtheCloneVirtualMachinewizard
bychoosingVM>ClonefromtheWorkstationmenubar.
ClickNexttodisplaytheCloneSourcepage.
SelectasnapshotfromthedropdownmenuandclickNext.
Thewizarddoesnotallowyoutoclonefromthecurrentstatewhenthevirtual
machinehastemplatemodeenabled.
NamethelinkedcloneandclickFinish.
Workstationcreatesthelinkedcloneanddisplaysastatuspage.
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12
Configuring Teams
12
Thischapterdescribeswhatvirtualmachineteamsareusedfor,howtocreatethem,
andhowtoconfigurethem.Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
BenefitsofUsingTeamsonpage 255
CreatingaTeamonpage 257
OpeningandClosingaTeamonpage 258
ChangingtheNameofaTeamonpage 259
DeletingaTeamonpage 259
ViewingTeamsandTheirVirtualMachinesonpage 260
AddingandRemovingTeamVirtualMachinesonpage 262
SettingtheStartupSequenceforaTeamonpage 263
StartingandStoppingTeamsonpage 264
WorkingwithTeamNetworksonpage 266
CloningandTakingSnapshotsofTeamMembersonpage 271
Benefits of Using Teams

Workstationteamsallowyoutosetupavirtualcomputerlabononehostcomputer.
Teamsenableyoutopoweronmultipleassociatedvirtualmachineswithasingleclick.
Teamsettingscontrolthestartuporderandtimingforteamvirtualmachines.Youcan
setupspecificdelaysbetweenbootingvirtualmachinessothehostCPUloadisspread
out.Teamsautomaticallylaunchvirtualmachinesintherightorder,withdelaysthat
youspecifytoensurethateachvirtualmachinestabilizesbeforethenextvirtual
machineboots.
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Chapter 12 Configuring Teams
Creating a Team
UsetheNewTeamwizardtocreateateamandaddvirtualmachines.
To create a team
1
ToaddvirtualmachinestotheteamwhilecompletingtheNewTeamwizard:
Poweroffanyvirtualmachinesthatyouwanttoaddtotheteam.
Poweroffanyvirtualmachinesthatyouwanttocloneifyouintendtocreate
acloneandaddittotheteam.
Youcaninsteadaddvirtualmachineslater,afteryoucreatetheteam,byusingthe
Teammenu.
2
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,opentheNewTeamwizardbychoosing
File>New>Team.
CompletetheNewTeamwizardthatappears.
Completingthewizardinvolvesspecifyingthefollowingthings:
Thenameoftheteamandlocationofthevirtualteamfiles.Bydefault,the
teamfilesarestoredinthesamedirectoryasvirtualmachines,asdescribedin
VirtualMachineLocationonpage 152.
Whetheryouwanttoaddvirtualmachinestotheteamnoworlater.Ifyou
wanttoaddthemnow,youhavethefollowingoptions:
NewVirtualMachineLaunchestheNewVirtualMachinewizard.See
SettingUpaNewVirtualMachineonpage 89.
ExistingVirtualMachineOpensafilebrowserfromwhichyoucan
navigatethehostfilesystemtolocateanexisting.vmx file.
Whenyouaddavirtualmachinetoateamitcannolongerbeaccessed
outsidetheteam.Formoreinformation,seeAddingandRemoving
TeamVirtualMachinesonpage 262.
NewCloneofVirtualMachineOpensafilebrowserfromwhichyou
cannavigatethehostfilesystemtolocateanexisting.vmx file.Afteryou
selectavirtualmachine,WorkstationlaunchestheCloneVirtualMachine
wizard.SeeCreatingClonesonpage 249.
NOTEWorkstationversion4virtualmachinescannotbeaddedtoteams.
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ChooseFile>Close.
Ifanyoftheteamsvirtualmachinesarestillpoweredonandyouareprompted
aboutwhetheryouwanttopowerthemofforletthemruninthebackground,click
thebuttonyouwant.
Formoreinformation,seeClosingVirtualMachinesandExitingWorkstationon
page 86.
Theclosedteamisremovedfromthesummarywindow.Toremovetheteamfromthe
Favoriteslist,seeToremoveanamefromtheFavoriteslistonpage 77.
Changing the Name of a Team

Whenyoucreateateam,thenameofthedirectorywheretheteam(.vmtm)fileisstored
isbasedonthenameyouoriginallygivetheteam.Althoughyoucanchangethename
oftheteam,thenameofthisfiledoesnotchange.
To change the name of a team
IftheteamisintheFavoriteslist,rightclickitandchooseRename.Typethenew
nameandpressEnter.
OpentheteamorselecttheteamintheFavoriteslistandchoose
Team>Settings>Options.TypeanewnameintheTeamnamefieldandclickOK.
Deleting a Team
Whenyoudeleteateam,youcanchoosetodelete:
Onlytheteam(retainingthevirtualmachinesintheteam)
Theteamandthevirtualmachinesintheteam
WARNINGDeletingateampermanentlyremovestheteamfilesfromthehostfile
systemandremovesassociatedLANsegmentsfromallvirtualmachines.Deletingthe
teamsvirtualmachinesalongwiththeteamremovesthevirtualmachinefiles
permanently.
ToremoveateamfromtheWorkstationwindowwithoutdeletingtheteam,see
OpeningandClosingaTeamonpage 258.
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Figure 12-1. Console Window for a Team (Windows Host)
thumbnail views of
virtual machines in the
team, in the order of
the startup sequence
(left to right)
active virtual machine
Youmightneedtoscrollthethumbnailstoviewallyourvirtualmachinesonalarge
team.Thethumbnailsaredisplayedinthesameorderastheteamsstartupsequence,
startingontheleftwiththefirstvirtualmachineinthesequence.
Workstationupdatesthumbnailsinrealtime,todisplaytheactualcontentofthevirtual
machinescreens.Theactivevirtualmachineistheonethatappearsinthelowerpane
oftheconsole.ItsthumbnailisrepresentedbytheVMwareicon.
Workstationmenusandcommandsdirectlyaffectonlytheactivevirtualmachine,and
youcanusethemouseandkeyboardtointeractdirectlywiththeactivevirtual
machine.
ClickathumbnailofavirtualmachineorusetheTeam>SwitchTomenuandthen
selectthevirtualmachinethatyouwanttomakeactive.Thevirtualmachineyouselect
appearsinthelowerpaneoftheconsole,anditsthumbnailbecomestheVMwareicon.
Infullscreenmode,Workstationdisplaysonlytheactivevirtualmachine.SeeUsing
FullScreenModeonpage 158.
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To remove a virtual machine from a team

1
Makesurethatanyvirtualmachinesthatyouwanttoremovearepoweredoff.
OpentheteamorselecttheteamintheFavoriteslist.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseTeam>Remove><virtual machine name>.

Theselectedvirtualmachineisremovedfromtheteam.Youcannowuseit
independently.
NOTEWhenyouremoveavirtualmachinefromateam,youalsoremoveitfromteam
LANsegments.VirtualnetworkadaptersassociatedwithLANsegmentsbecome
disconnected.Bridged,hostonly,NAT,andcustomconfigurationsremainunchanged.
Tocompletelydeleteavirtualmachineanderaseitsfilesfromthehostfilesystem,see
DeletingaVirtualMachineonpage 156.
Whenyouaddavirtualmachinetoateam,itisremovedfromtheFavoriteslist.A
virtualmachineisnotautomaticallyaddedtotheFavoriteslistwhenyouremoveit
fromateam.Youmustmanuallyaddit,asdescribedinToaddavirtualmachineor
teamentrytotheFavoriteslistonpage 77.
Setting the Startup Sequence for a Team

Inthestartupsequence,youcanspecify:
TheorderinwhichvirtualmachinesstartandstopTeamvirtualmachinesstart
oneatatime,intheorderyousetinthestartupsequence.Settingthestartup
sequenceisuseful,forexample,ifyouhaveavirtualmachinethatrunsan
applicationtobetestedandyouwantittostartbeforethevirtualmachines
runninganautomatedtestingscript.
ThedelaybetweenteammembersinthesequenceSetthetimethatWorkstation
delaysafterstartingorstoppingavirtualmachine,beforestartingorstoppingthe
nextvirtualmachineinthesequence.ThisdelayavoidsoverloadingtheCPUwhen
multiplevirtualmachinesstartandallowsapplicationsonavirtualmachineto
launchbeforeanotherteamvirtualmachineattemptstoconnect.
Youmightalsousethisdelaytoensurethatavirtualmachinefunctioningasa
servercompletesitsstartupbeforeclientvirtualmachinesstart.Ifyourvirtual
machineteamdependsonprecisestartuptiming,experimenttodeterminehow
muchtimeyourhostandguestoperatingenvironmentsandapplicationsneedto
launch.
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To power a team on or off

1
SelecttheteameitherfromtheFavoriteslistorbyclickingthesummarytabforthe
team.
IntheWorkstationtoolbar,clickthePowerOnbuttonorthePowerOff
button,asappropriate.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseoneoftheTeam>Poweroptions.
Whenyoupoweroffateam,thedefaultsettingsforavirtualmachinecancausethe
guestoperatingsystemtoterminateabruptly.Forinformationaboutconfiguringyour
virtualmachinetorecognizetheshutdownguestcommandwhenyoupoweroffa
team,seeShuttingDownaVirtualMachineonpage 154.
Suspending and Resuming a Team

Whenyoususpendateam,allteamvirtualmachinesstartsuspendingsimultaneously.
Thestartupsequencedeterminestheorderinwhichvirtualmachinesareresumed,and
thetimeWorkstationdelaysaftereachteammemberisresumed,beforeresumingthe
nextteammember.SeeSettingtheStartupSequenceforaTeamonpage 263.
IfyouattempttocloseWorkstationwhileateamsuspendorresumeoperationisstillin
progress,awarningdialogboxappears.
To suspend or resume a team
1
team.
IntheWorkstationtoolbar,clicktheSuspendbuttonortheResumebutton,as
appropriate.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseoneoftheTeam>Poweroptions.
Allteamvirtualmachinesstartsuspendingsimultaneously.Aprogressindicator
appearsforeachteammember.Toseetheprogressofaparticularteammember,choose
Team>Switch To><virtualmachinename>.
Thetimetocompletetheoperationvarieswiththesizeofthevirtualmachines.
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LAN Segment IP Addresses

EachnetworkclientmusthaveanIPaddressforTCP/IPnetworking.Unlikehostonly
andNATnetworking,LANsegmentshavenoDHCPserverprovidedautomaticallyby
Workstation.ThereforeyoumustmanuallyconfigureIPaddressingforteamvirtual
machinesonaLANsegment.Therearetwochoices:
DHCPConfigureaDHCPserveronyourLANsegmenttoallocateIPaddresses
toyourvirtualmachines.
StaticIPConfigureafixedIPaddressforeachvirtualmachineontheLAN
segment.
Whenyouaddanexistingvirtualmachinetoateam,thevirtualmachinemightbe
configuredtoexpectanIPaddressfromaDHCPserver.ADHCPserverisnot
automaticallyprovidedforavirtualLANsegment.YoumustprovideaDHCPserver
ontheLANsegment,orreconfigurethevirtualmachinetouseastaticIPaddress.See
ConfiguringaVirtualNetworkonpage 273.
Creating a Team LAN Segment

ThefirststeptocreatingavirtualnetworkforateamistoaddandnameaLAN
segment.Youcanthenconfigureconnectionstothissegment.
To create a virtual network for a team
1
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseTeam>Add>LAN Segment.
EnteranamefortheprivatenetworkandclickOK.
Youcanconfiguretheothersettingsinthisdialogboxlater,asdescribedin
ConfiguringLANSegmentsonpage 269.
TheLANsegmentisaddedtotheteam.
NowthattheLANsegmentiscreated,youcancreateanetworkadaptertoconnectto
it,asdescribedinAddingandRemovingEthernetAdaptersonpage 268.
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Configuring Connections for a LAN Segment

ThissectiondescribeshowtoconfigureconnectionsforvirtualEthernetadapters.
To connect a virtual machine to a LAN segment
1
IfyouhavenotyetcreatedaLANsegment,doso,asdescribedinCreatingaTeam
LANSegmentonpage 267.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseTeam>SettingsandclicktheConnections
tab.
EachvirtualEthernetadapterisdisplayedinaseparaterow.
IfnoEthernetadaptersappearonthistab,addone,asdescribedinAddingand
RemovingEthernetAdaptersonpage 268.
ForeachvirtualEthernetadapter,selectthecheckboxthatcorrespondstotheLAN
segmentandclickOK.
ThevirtualmachineisnowconnectedtotheselectedLANsegment.Continueonto
ConfiguringLANSegmentsonpage 269.
Configuring LAN Segments

YoucanconfigurenetworktransmissionpropertiesforaLANsegment,including
bandwidthsettingssuchasconnectiontypeandspeed,aswellaspercentageofpacket
lossallowed.
To configure LAN segments for a team
1
team.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseTeam>Settings.
ClicktheLANSegmentstab,andcompletethefields.
Fromthistabyoucanadd,remove,andrenametheLANsegmentsconfiguredfor
theteam.
ThelistintheleftpanedisplaysLANsegmentsassociatedwiththeteam.
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Cloning and Taking Snapshots of Team Members

Youcancloneavirtualmachineinateaminthesamewayyoucloneanyothervirtual
machine.SeeCreatingClonesonpage 249.Whenyoucloneavirtualmachineina
team:
Theresultingcloneisnotpartoftheteam.
ThecloneappearsontheFavoriteslistaswellasinasummarywindow.
IftheparentvirtualmachineisconfiguredforaLANsegment,thevirtualEthernet
adapterforthatLANsegmentonthecloneisdisconnected.Toconnecttoa
network,youmustreconfigurethevirtualEthernetadaptermanually.
Snapshotsoperateonvirtualmachines,notonthewholeteam.Whenateamisactive,
theSnapshotbuttononthetoolbartakesasnapshotofonlytheactivevirtualmachine.
Topreservethestateofallvirtualmachinesonateam,powerofftheteam,andtakea
snapshotofeachvirtualmachinebeforeyoupowerontheteamagain.
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13
Configuring a Virtual
Network
13
Thefirsttopicsinthischapterpreviewthevirtualnetworkingcomponentsthat
VMwareWorkstationprovidesandshowhowyoucanusethemwithyourvirtual
machine.Therestofthechapterprovidesmoredetailonnetworkingcapabilitiesand
specializedconfigurations.
NetworkBasicsonpage 274
ComponentsoftheVirtualNetworkonpage 275
CommonNetworkingConfigurationsonpage 276
ExampleofaCustomNetworkingConfigurationonpage 280
ChangingaNetworkingConfigurationonpage 284
AdvancedNetworkingTopicsonpage 291
UsingNATonpage 306
UsingSambawithWorkstationonpage 318
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Chapter 13 Configuring a Virtual Network
OnaWindowshost,thesoftwareneededforallnetworkingconfigurationsisinstalled
whenyouinstallWorkstation.OnaLinuxhost,whenyouinstallandconfigure
Workstation,youcanchoosewhethertohavebridged,hostonly,andNATnetworking
availabletoyourvirtualmachines:Youmustchoosealloptionsduringconfigurationto
makeallnetworkingconfigurationsavailableforyourvirtualmachines.
Components of the Virtual Network

Thefollowingsectionsdescribethedevicesthatmakeupavirtualnetwork.
Virtual Switch
Likeaphysicalswitch,avirtualswitchletsyouconnectothernetworkingcomponents
together.VirtualswitchesarecreatedasneededbyWorkstation,uptoatotalof10
virtualswitchesonWindowsand256onLinux.Youcanconnectoneormorevirtual
machinestoaswitch.
Bydefault,afewoftheswitchesandthenetworksassociatedwiththemareusedfor
specialnamedconfigurations:
ThebridgednetworkusesVMnet0,asdescribedinBridgedNetworkingon
page 276.
ThehostonlynetworkusesVMnet1,asdescribedinHostOnlyNetworkingon
page 279.
TheNATnetworkusesVMnet8,asdescribedinNetworkAddressTranslation
(NAT)onpage 278.
TheotheravailablenetworksarenamedVMnet2,VMnet3,VMnet4,andsoon.
Tofindoutwhichtypeofnetworkavirtualmachineisusing,selectthevirtualmachine,
andfromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Settings>Hardware,andselectthe
Ethernetadapter.TheNetworkConnectionsectiondisplaysthedetails.Youcan
changethesetting.Toaddanotheradapter,seeAddingandModifyingVirtual
NetworkAdaptersonpage 284.
DHCP Server
TheDHCP(dynamichostconfigurationprotocol)serverprovidesIPnetwork
addressestovirtualmachinesinconfigurationsthatarenotbridgedtoanexternal
network.Forexample,hostonlyandNATconfigurationsusetheDHCPserver.
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Figure 13-1. Bridged Networking Setup

Virtual
Ethernet
adapter
Virtual machine
Virtual Ethernet switch
(VMnet0)
Virtual bridge
Host
Ethernet
adapter
How to Set Up Bridged Networking

BridgednetworkingissetupautomaticallyifyouselectUsebridgednetworkinginthe
NewVirtualMachinewizardorifyouselecttheTypicalsetuppath.Thisselectionis
availableonaLinuxhostonlyifyouenablethebridgednetworkingoptionwhenyou
installWorkstation.Youcansetupadditionalvirtualbridgesforcustomconfigurations
thatrequireconnectionstomorethanonephysicalEthernetadapteronthehost
computer.LinuxandWindowshostscanusebridgednetworkingtoconnecttoboth
wiredandwirelessnetworks.
Requirements for IP Addresses

Ifyouusebridgednetworking,yourvirtualmachinemusthaveitsownidentityonthe
network.Forexample,onaTCP/IPnetwork,thevirtualmachineneedsitsownIP
address.YournetworkadministratorcantellyouwhetherIPaddressesareavailablefor
yourvirtualmachineandwhichnetworkingsettingsyoushoulduseintheguest
operatingsystem.Generally,yourguestoperatingsystemcanacquireanIPaddress
andothernetworkdetailsautomaticallyfromaDHCPserver,oryoumightneedtoset
theIPaddressandotherdetailsmanuallyintheguestoperatingsystem.
Ifyouusebridgednetworking,thevirtualmachineisafullparticipantinthenetwork.
Ithasaccesstoothermachinesonthenetworkandcanbecontactedbyothermachines
onthenetworkasifitwereaphysicalcomputeronthenetwork.
Beawarethatifthehostcomputerissetuptobootmultipleoperatingsystemsandyou
runoneormoreoftheminvirtualmachines,youneedtoconfigureeachoperating
systemwithauniquenetworkaddress.Peoplewhobootmultipleoperatingsystems
oftenassignallsystemsthesameaddress,sincetheyassumeonlyoneoperatingsystem
willberunningatatime.Ifyouuseoneormoreoftheoperatingsystemsinavirtual
machine,thisassumptionisnolongertrue.
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How to Set Up NAT

ANATconnectionissetupautomaticallyifyouselecttheCustomsetupintheNew
VirtualMachinewizardandselectUsenetworkaddresstranslation.OnaLinuxhost,
youmustchoosetomakeNATavailabletoyourvirtualmachineswhenyouinstall
Workstation.
Requirements for IP Addresses

IfyouuseNAT,yourvirtualmachinedoesnothaveitsownIPaddressontheexternal
network.Instead,aseparateprivatenetworkissetuponthehostcomputer.Your
virtualmachinegetsanaddressonthatnetworkfromtheVMwarevirtualDHCP
server.TheVMwareNATdevicepassesnetworkdatabetweenoneormorevirtual
machinesandtheexternalnetwork.Itidentifiesincomingdatapacketsintendedfor
eachvirtualmachineandsendsthemtothecorrectdestination.
How to Edit the Setting Later

IfyoumakesomeotherselectionintheNewVirtualMachinewizardandlaterdecide
youwanttouseNAT,youcanmakethatchangeinthevirtualmachinesettingseditor
(fromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Settings>Hardware>Ethernet).See
ChangingaNetworkingConfigurationonpage 284.
Host-Only Networking
Hostonlynetworkingcreatesanetworkthatiscompletelycontainedwithinthehost
computer.Hostonlynetworkingprovidesanetworkconnectionbetweenthevirtual
machineandthehostcomputer,usingavirtualEthernetadapterthatisvisibletothe
hostoperatingsystem.Thisapproachcanbeusefulifyouneedtosetupanisolated
virtualnetwork.
Figure 13-3. Host-Only Networking Setup
Virtual
Ethernet
adapter
Virtual machine
DHCP server
Virtual Ethernet switch
(VMnet1)
Host virtual
adapter
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Theexampledescribedinthissectionillustratesmanyofthewaysyoucancombine
devicesonavirtualnetwork.OthercustomconfigurationsaredescribedinAdvanced
NetworkingTopicsonpage 291andUsingNATonpage 306.
Inthisconfiguration,aWebserverconnectsthroughafirewalltoanexternalnetwork.
AnadministratorscomputerconnectstotheWebserverthroughasecondfirewall.
Figure 13-4. Custom Configuration That Uses Two Firewalls
Host's
Ethernet
adapter
Virtual
Ethernet switch
(VMnet0)
Virtual
Bridge
bridge
Virtual
Ethernet
adapter
Virtual
Ethernet
adapter
Virtual
Ethernet
adapter
Virtual machine 2
Web server
Virtual
Ethernet
adapter
Virtual
Ethernet switch
(VMnet2)
Virtual machine 1
Firewall
Virtual
Ethernet
adapter
Virtual
Ethernet
adapter
Virtual
Ethernet switch
(VMnet3)
Virtual machine 3
Firewall
Virtual machine 4
Internal PC
Tosetupthisconfiguration,createfourvirtualmachinesandusethevirtualmachine
settingseditortoadjustthesettingsfortheirvirtualEthernetadapters.Youalsoneed
toinstalltheappropriateguestoperatingsystemsandapplicationsoftwareineach
virtualmachineandmaketheappropriatenetworkingsettingsineachvirtualmachine.
To set up a virtual network that connects to an external network
1
SetupfourvirtualmachinesusingtheNewVirtualMachinewizard:
a
Toopenthiswizard,chooseFile>New>VirtualMachine.
Createthefirstvirtualmachinewithbridgednetworkingsoitcanconnectto
anexternalnetworkbyusingthehostcomputersEthernetadapter.
Createtheotherthreevirtualmachineswithoutnetworking.
YouwillsetuptheirvirtualEthernetadaptersinlatersteps.
YouwillnotinstalltheoperatingsystemsuntilStep 7.
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DeterminethenetworkaddressesusedforVMnet2andVMnet3:
OnWindowshosts,openacommandpromptandrun:
ipconfig /all
Notethenetworkaddressesusedbyeachvirtualadapter.
OnLinuxhosts,openaterminalandrun:
ifconfig
Notethenetworkaddressesusedbyeachvirtualswitch.
7
Poweroneachvirtualmachineinturnandinstalltheappropriateguestoperating
system.
NOTEOnaWindowshost,forStep 8,youarenotrequiredtoconfigurenetwork
addressesmanually.YoucaninsteaduseWorkstationsDHCPserver.Fromthe
Workstationmenubar,chooseEdit>VirtualNetworkSettings>DHCPandadd
VMnet2andVMnet3tothelistofvirtualnetworksservedbythevirtualDHCP
server.
Configurethenetworkingineachguestoperatingsystem:
Machine1ForthebridgedEthernetadapterinvirtualmachine1,usethe
networkingsettingsneededforaconnectiontotheexternalnetwork.Ifthe
virtualmachinegetsitsIPaddressfromaDHCPserverontheexternal
network,thedefaultsettingsshouldwork.
ForthesecondEthernetadapterinvirtualmachine1,manuallyassignanIP
addressintherangeyouareusingwithVMnet2.
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Machine2AssignanIPaddressintherangeyouareusingwithVMnet2.
Machine3NetworkadaptersareconnectedtoVMnet2andVMnet3.Assign
eachadapteranIPaddressintherangeyouareusingwiththevirtualnetwork
towhichitisconnected.
Machine4AssignanIPaddressintherangeyouareusingwithVMnet3.
Installthenecessaryapplicationsoftwareineachvirtualmachine.
283
ClickOKtosaveyourchangesandclosethevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
BesuretheguestoperatingsystemisconfiguredtouseanappropriateIPaddress
onthenewnetwork.
IftheguestisusingDHCP,releaseandrenewthelease.IftheIPaddressisset
statically,besuretheguesthasanaddressonthecorrectvirtualnetwork.
Configuring Bridged Networking Options on a Windows Host

OnaWindowshost,usethevirtualnetworkeditortoconfigurebridgednetworking.
(ThevirtualnetworkeditorisnotavailableonaLinuxhost.)Youcan:
Viewandchangethesettingsforbridgednetworkingonyourhost.SeeTo
configureVMnet0bridgednetworkingonpage 285.
Determinewhichnetworkadaptersonyourhosttouseforbridgednetworking,as
describedinTodesignateaphysicalEthernetadaptertobridgetocustomvirtual
switchesonpage 286andToaddorremoveahostEthernetadapterfromthelist
ofexcludedadaptersonpage 286.
Mapspecificnetworkadapterstospecificvirtualnetworks,calledVMnets,as
describedinTomakechangestothesubnetortheDHCPsettingsforavirtual
networkonpage 287.
Thechangesyoumaketobridgednetworkingaffectallvirtualmachinesusingbridged
networkingonthehost.
To configure VMnet0 bridged networking
1
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>VirtualNetworkSettings.
Thevirtualnetworkeditorappears,withtheSummarytabactive.
Bydefault,theVMnet0virtualnetworkissetupinbridgedmodeandbridgesto
oneoftheactiveEthernetadaptersonthehostcomputer.
ClicktheAutomaticBridgingtab,andselectthecheckboxforAutomatically
chooseanavailablephysicaladapter.
OnhostsystemswithmorethanonephysicalEthernetadapterinstalled,thechoice
ofwhichadapterWorkstationusesisarbitrary.Ifyouwanttoplacerestrictionson
thechoice,seetheprocedurefollowingthisone,whichiscalledToaddorremove
ahostEthernetadapterfromthelistofexcludedadapters.
ClickOKtosaveyourchangesandclosethevirtualnetworkeditor.
ThefollowingprocedureenablesyoutoexcludeahostEthernetadapterfromthelistof
adaptersWorkstationusesforautomaticbridgednetworkingonVMnet0.
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To make changes to the subnet or the DHCP settings for a virtual network
1
ClicktheHostVirtualNetworkMappingtab.
Clickthebuttonontherightthatcorrespondstothevirtualnetworkyouwantto
configure.
ChooseSubnetorDHCP:
IntheSubnetdialogbox,youcanchangethesubnetsIPaddressandthe
subnetmask.
Theaddressshouldspecifyavalidnetworkaddressthatissuitableforuse
withthesubnetmask.
Thedefaultsubnetmaskis255.255.255.0(aclassCnetwork).Typically,this
meansyoushouldmodifyonlythethirdnumberintheIPaddressfor
example,xin192.168.x.0or172.16.x.0.Ingeneral,youshouldnotchangethe
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Enabling, Disabling, Adding, and Removing Host Virtual

Adapters
WhenyouinstallWorkstation,twonetworkadaptersareaddedtotheconfigurationof
yourhostoperatingsystem.Oneallowsthehosttoconnecttothehostonlynetwork,
andoneallowsthehosttoconnecttotheNATnetwork.
Ifyouarenotusingavirtualnetworkadapter,youcanremoveit.OnaWindowshost,
youcanalsodisableanadapter.
Thepresenceofvirtualnetworkadaptershasaslightperformancecost,because
broadcastpacketsmustgototheextraadapters.OnWindowsnetworks,browsingyour
networkmightbeslowerthanusual.Andinsomecases,theseadaptersinteractwith
thehostcomputersnetworkingconfigurationinundesirableways.
To enable or disable a host virtual adapter on a Windows host
1
ClicktheHostVirtualAdapterstab.
Selecttheadapteryouwanttoenableordisable.
ClickDisableorEnable,asappropriate.
To add or remove a host virtual adapter on a Windows host

1
ClicktheHostVirtualAdapterstab.
Toaddanadapter,dothefollowing:
a
ClickAdd.
IntheAddNetworkAdapterdialogbox,choosethevirtualnetworkonwhich
youwanttousetheadapterandclickOK.
Toremoveanadapter,selecttheadapteryouwanttoremoveandclickRemove.
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Advanced Networking Topics

Thissectionincludesthefollowingnetworkingtopics:
SelectingIPAddressesonaHostOnlyNetworkorNATConfigurationon
page 291
AvoidingIPPacketLeakageinaHostOnlyNetworkonpage 293
MaintainingandChangingtheMACAddressofaVirtualMachineonpage 296
ControllingRoutingInformationforaHostOnlyNetworkonLinuxonpage 297
PotentialIssueswithHostOnlyNetworkingonLinuxonpage 298
SettingUpaSecondBridgedNetworkInterfaceonaLinuxHostonpage 299
SettingUpTwoSeparateHostOnlyNetworksonpage 300
RoutingBetweenTwoHostOnlyNetworksonpage 304
UsingVirtualEthernetAdaptersinPromiscuousModeonaLinuxHoston
page 305
Selecting IP Addresses on a Host-Only Network or NAT

Configuration
Thehostandallvirtualmachinesconfiguredforhostonlynetworkingareconnected
tothenetworkthroughavirtualswitch.Typically,allthepartiesonthisnetworkuse
theTCP/IPprotocolsuite,althoughothercommunicationprotocolscanbeused.
Anetworkaddresstranslation(NAT)configurationalsosetsupakindofprivate
network,whichmustbeaTCP/IPnetwork.ThevirtualmachinesconfiguredforNAT
areconnectedtothatnetworkthroughavirtualswitch.Thehostcomputerisalso
connectedtotheprivatenetworkusedforNATbyahostvirtualadapter.
Eachvirtualmachineandthehostmustbeassignedaddressesontheprivatenetwork.
ThisistypicallydoneusingtheDHCPserverthatcomeswithWorkstation.Thisserver
doesnotservicevirtual(orphysical)machinesresidingonbridgednetworks.
Addressescanalsobeassignedstaticallyfromapoolofaddressesthatarenotassigned
bytheDHCPserver.
How the Subnet Number Is Assigned

WhenhostonlynetworkingisenabledatthetimeWorkstationisinstalled,thenetwork
numbertouseforthevirtualnetworkisautomaticallyselectedasanunusedprivateIP
networknumber.ANATconfigurationalsousesanunusedprivatenetwork
automaticallyselectedwhenyouinstallWorkstation.
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DHCP Conventions for Assigning IP Addresses

Forvirtualmachinesthatyoudonotexpecttokeepforlong,useDHCPandletit
allocateanIPaddress.
ForeachhostonlyorNATnetwork,theavailableIPaddressesaresplitupusingthe
conventionsshowninTable 131andTable 132,where<net>isthenetworknumber
assignedtoyourhostonlyorNATnetwork.WorkstationalwaysusesaClassCaddress
forhostonlyandNATnetworks.
Table 13-1. Address Use on a Host-Only Network
Range
Address Use
Example
<net>.1
Hostmachine
192.168.0.1
<net>.2<net>.127
Staticaddresses
192.168.0.2192.168.0.127
<net>.128<net>.253
DHCPassigned
192.168.0.128192.168.0.253
<net>.254
DHCPserver
192.168.0.254
<net>.255
Broadcasting
192.168.0.255
Table 13-2. Address Use on a NAT Network

Range
Address Use
Example
<net>.1
Hostmachine
192.168.0.1
<net>.2
NATdevice
192.168.0.2
<net>.3<net>.127
Staticaddresses
192.168.0.3192.168.0.127
<net>.128<net>.253
DHCPassigned
192.168.0.128192.168.0.253
<net>.254
DHCPserver
192.168.0.254
<net>.255
Broadcasting
192.168.0.255
Avoiding IP Packet Leakage in a Host-Only Network

Bydesign,eachhostonlynetworkshouldbeconfinedtothehostmachineonwhichit
issetup.Thatis,nopacketssentbyvirtualmachinesonthisnetworkshouldleakout
toaphysicalnetworkattachedtothehost.Packetleakagecanoccuronlyifamachine
activelyforwardspackets.Itispossibleforthehostmachineoranyvirtualmachine
runningonthehostonlynetworktobeconfiguredinawaythatpermitspacket
leakage.
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To install Windows 2000 Administrative Tools on a local computer

1
Openthei386folderontheapplicableWindows2000Serverdisc.
Doubleclicktheadminpak.msifile,andfollowtheinstructionsthatappearinthe
Windows2000AdministrativeToolsSetupwizard.
AfterWindows2000AdministrativeToolsareinstalled,youcanaccessmostofthe
serveradministrativetoolsbychoosingStart>Programs>AdministrativeTools.
Linux Hosts
IfyoufindpacketsleakingoutofahostonlynetworkonaLinuxhostcomputer,see
whetherforwardinghasmistakenlybeenenabledonthehostmachine.Ifitisenabled,
disableit.
To determine whether packet forwarding is enabled
DependingonwhichtypeofLinuxsystemyouhave,useoneofthefollowingmethods:
Disableforwardingbywritinga0(zero)tothespecialfile
/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward.Asroot(su-),enterthiscommand:
echo "0" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
UseaconfigurationoptionthatisappropriateforyourLinuxdistribution.For
example,youmightuseacontrolpanel,specifyasettingatthetimeyoucompile
yourkernel,orpossiblyenteraspecificationwhenyoubootyoursystem.Consult
youroperatingsystemdocumentationfordetailsonthemethodtousewithyour
particulardistribution.
Using Filtering
Ifthehostcomputerhasmultiplenetworkadapters,itmightbeintentionally
configuredtodoIPforwarding.Ifthatisthecase,youdonotwanttodisable
forwarding.Toavoidpacketleakage,youmustenableapacketfilteringfacilityand
specifythatpacketsfromthehostonlynetworkshouldnotbesentoutsidethehost
computer.Consultyouroperatingsystemdocumentationfordetailsonhowto
configurepacketfiltering.
Leaks from a Virtual Machine

Virtualmachinesmightleakpackets,aswell.Forexample,ifyouusedialup
networkingsupportinavirtualmachineandpacketforwardingisenabled,hostonly
networktrafficmightleakoutthroughthedialupconnection.
Topreventtheleakage,besurepacketforwardingisdisabledinyourguestoperating
system.
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Manually Assigning a MAC Address

ToguaranteethatthesameMACaddressisassignedtoagivenvirtualmachineevery
timeyoupoweriton,evenifthevirtualmachineismoved,orifyouwanttoguarantee
auniqueMACaddressforeachvirtualmachinewithinanetworkedenvironment,you
canassigntheaddressmanuallyinsteadofallowingWorkstationtoassignit.
ToassignthesameuniqueMACaddresstoanyvirtualmachinemanually,useatext
editortoremovethreelinesfromtheconfigurationfileandaddoneline.The
configurationfilehasa.vmxextensionattheendofthefilename.OnaLinuxhost,a
virtualmachinecreatedwithanearlierVMwareproductmighthaveaconfiguration
filewitha.cfgextension.
Removethethreelinesthatbeginwiththefollowingfromtheconfigurationfile:
ethernet[n].generatedAddress
ethernet[n].addressType
ethernet[n].generatedAddressOffset
Intheseoptions,[n]isthenumberofthevirtualEthernetadapter,forexample,
ethernet0.
Addthefollowinglinetotheconfigurationfile:
ethernet[n].address = 00:50:56:XX:YY:ZZ
Inthisline,thefourthpairofnumbers,XX,mustbeavalidhexadecimalnumber
between00hand3Fh,andYYandZZmustbevalidhexadecimalnumbersbetween00h
andFFh.BecauseWorkstationvirtualmachinesdonotsupportarbitraryMAC
addresses,youmustusetheaboveformat.PlacethislineabovetheUUIDlinesinthe
file.
IfyouchooseavalueforXX:YY:ZZthatisuniqueamongyourhardcodedaddresses,
conflictsbetweentheautomaticallyassignedMACaddressesandthemanually
assignedaddressesshouldneveroccur.
Controlling Routing Information for a Host-Only Network on

Linux
Ahostonlynetworkisafullfledgednetwork.Ithasanetworkinterfaceassociated
withit(VMnet1)thatismarkedupatthetimethehostoperatingsystemisbooted.
Consequently,routingserverprocessesthatoperateonthehostoperatingsystem,such
asroutedandgated,automaticallydiscoveritandpropagateinformationonhowto
reachitunlessyouexplicitlyconfigurethemnottodoso.
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Analternativesolutionistoexplicitlystatethesetofnetworkinterfacesthatyouwant
dhcpdtolistentoeachtimeyoustarttheprogram.Forexample,ifyourmachinehas
oneEthernetinterface,eth0,eachtimeyoustartdhcpd,listitonthecommandline:
dhcpd eth0
Thiskeepsdhcpdfromprobingforallavailablenetworkinterfaces.
IfthesesolutionsdonotworkforyourDHCPserverprogram,itisprobablyanold
DHCPserver.YoucantryupgradingtoamorecurrentversionsuchastheDHCP
softwareavailablefromtheISC(www.isc.org).
DHCP and Dynamic Domain Name Service (DDNS)

UseDHCPtosupplyIPaddressesaswellasotherinformation,suchastheidentityof
ahostrunninganameserverandthenearestrouterorgateway.TheDHCPserverin
Workstationdoesnotprovideameanstodynamicallyestablisharelationshipbetween
theIPaddressitassignsandaclientsname(thatis,toupdateaDNSserverusing
DDNS).
Tousenamestocommunicatewithothervirtualmachinesyoumusteithereditthe
DHCPconfigurationfileforVMnet1(/etc/vmware/vmnet1/dhcpd/dhcpd.conf)or
useIPaddressesthatarestaticallyboundtoahostname.EditingtheDHCPserver
configurationfilerequiresinformationthatisbestobtaineddirectlyfromtheDHCP
serverdocumentation.Consultthemanualpagesdhcpd(8)anddhcpd.conf(8).Also
beawarethateditstothisfilearelostthenexttimeyouconfigureWorkstationby
runningthevmware-config.plfile.
Setting Up a Second Bridged Network Interface on a Linux Host

IfyouhavetwoEthernetadaptersinstalledonyourhostcomputer,connectedtotwo
differentnetworks,youmightwantyourvirtualmachinesonthathostcomputerto
bridgetobothEthernetadapterssothevirtualmachinescanaccesseitherorboth
physicalnetworks.
WhenyouinstallWorkstationonahostcomputerwithmultipleEthernetadapters,you
canconfiguremorethanonebridgednetwork.Youcanalsoconfigureadditional
bridgednetworksatanytimebyrerunningvmware-config.pl.
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Adding a Second Host-Only Network

Tosetupthesecondhostonlynetwork,useoneofthefollowingprocedures.
To set up the second host-only interface on a Windows host
1
OntheHostVirtualAdapterstab,clickAdd.
ChoosethevirtualnetworkonwhichyouwanttousetheadapterandclickOK.
ClickOKtoclosethevirtualnetworkeditor.
To set up the second host-only interface on a Linux host

1
Asroot(su),runtheWorkstationconfigurationprogram:
/usr/bin/vmware-config.pl
Whenyouseethefollowingprompt,enteryes:
Do you want to be able to use host-only networking in your virtual
machines?
Thewizardreportsonhostonlynetworksthatyouhavealreadysetuponthehost
or,ifnoneispresent,configuresthefirsthostonlynetwork.
3
Whenyouseethefollowingprompt,enteryes:
Do you wish to configure another host-only network?
Repeatthisstepuntilyouhaveasmanyhostonlynetworksasyouwant,andthen
enterno.
4
Completetheremainingstepsinthewizard.Whenitisfinished,itrestartsall
servicesusedbyWorkstation.
Runifconfig.
Atleastfournetworkinterfacesappear:eth0,lo,vmnet1,andvmnet2.IftheVMnet
interfacesdonotshowupimmediately,waitforaminute,andrunthecommand
again.ThesefourinterfacesshouldhavedifferentIPaddressesonseparate
subnets.
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To use configuration 3 connect to two host-only interfaces

1
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selectEthernet.
Connectthetwoadapters,asfollows:
a
Selectthefirstnetworkadapterinthelistofdevices,andintheNetwork
Connectionsection,selectHostonly.
Thisadapterisconnectedtothedefaulthostonlyinterface(VMnet1),
Selectthesecondnetworkadapterinthelist,andintheNetworkConnection
section,selectCustomandchooseVMnet2(Hostonly)fromthedropdown
list.
Ifnonetworkadapterisshowninthelistofdevices,addone,asdescribedin
AddingandModifyingVirtualNetworkAdaptersonpage 284.
To finish configuring the adapters
1
Poweronthevirtualmachineandinstallyourguestoperatingsystem.
Inconfigurations1and2,youseeoneEthernetadapter.Inconfiguration3,yousee
twoEthernetadapterswithintheguest.
ConfiguretheEthernetadaptersasyouwouldphysicaladaptersonaphysical
computer,givingeachanIPaddressontheappropriateVMnetsubnet.
ToseewhatIPaddressahostonlynetworkisusing:
OnWindowshosts,openacommandpromptandrun:
ipconfig /all
OnLinuxhosts,openaterminalandrun:
ifconfig
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Configurenetworkinginthefirsttwovirtualmachinestouseaddressesonthe
appropriatehostonlynetwork:
OnWindowshosts,openacommandpromptandrunipconfig /alltosee
whichIPaddresseseachhostonlynetworkisusing.
OnLinuxhosts,openaterminalandrunifconfigtoseewhichIPaddresses
eachhostonlynetworkisusing.
AssignIPaddressesbydoingoneofthefollowing:
Ifyouarerunningtherouteronthehostcomputer,assigndefaultrouter
addressesbasedontheaddressesofthehostonlyadaptersonthehost
computer.
Inthefirstvirtualmachinesnetworkingconfiguration,thedefaultrouter
addressshouldbetheIPaddressforthehostonlyadapterconnectedto
VMnet1.Inthesecondvirtualmachinesnetworkingconfiguration,the
defaultrouteraddressshouldbetheIPaddressforthehostonlyadapter
connectedtoVMnet2.
Ifyouarerunningtheroutersoftwareinathirdvirtualmachine,setthe
defaultrouteraddressesinthefirsttwovirtualmachinesbasedonthoseused
bythethirdvirtualmachine.
Inthefirstvirtualmachinesnetworkingconfiguration,thedefaultrouter
addressshouldbetheIPaddressforthethirdvirtualmachinesEthernet
adapterconnectedtoVMnet1.Inthesecondvirtualmachinesnetworking
configuration,thedefaultrouteraddressshouldbetheIPaddressforthethird
virtualmachinesEthernetadapterconnectedtoVMnet2.
Atthispointyoushouldbeabletopingtheroutermachinefromvirtualmachines1and
2.Iftheroutersoftwareissetupcorrectly,youshouldbeabletocommunicatebetween
thefirstandsecondvirtualmachines.
Using Virtual Ethernet Adapters in Promiscuous Mode on a

Linux Host
WorkstationdoesnotallowthevirtualEthernetadaptertogointopromiscuousmode
unlesstheuserrunningWorkstationhaspermissiontomakethatsetting.Thisfollows
thestandardLinuxpracticethatonlyrootcanputanetworkinterfaceintopromiscuous
mode.
WhenyouinstallandconfigureWorkstation,youmustruntheinstallationasroot.
WorkstationcreatestheVMnetdeviceswithrootownershipandrootgroupownership,
whichmeansthatonlyroothasreadandwritepermissionstothedevices.
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machineandforwardsthedatatothevirtualmachineonthevirtualnetwork.This
translationoccursautomaticallyandrequiresminimalconfigurationontheguestand
thehost.
The Host Computer and the NAT Network

ThehostcomputerhasahostvirtualadapterontheNATnetwork(identicaltothehost
virtualadapteronthehostonlynetwork).Thisadapterallowsthehostandthevirtual
machinestocommunicatewitheachotherforsuchpurposesasfilesharing.TheNAT
deviceneverforwardstrafficfromthehostvirtualadapter.
DHCP on the NAT Network

Tomakenetworkingconfigurationeasy,aDHCPserverisinstalledwhenyouinstall
Workstation.VirtualmachinesrunningonthenetworkwiththeNATdevicecan
dynamicallyobtaintheirIPaddressesbysendingoutDHCPrequests.
TheDHCPserverontheNATnetwork,whichisalsousedinhostonlynetworking
configurations,dynamicallyallocatesIPaddressesintherangeof<net>.128through
<net>.254,where<net>isthenetworknumberassignedtoyourNATnetwork.
WorkstationalwaysusesaClassCaddressforNATnetworks.IPaddresses<net>.3
through<net>.127canbeusedforstaticIPaddresses.IPaddress<net>.1isreservedfor
thehostadapter;<net>.2isreservedfortheNATdevice.Formoreinformation,see
DHCPConventionsforAssigningIPAddressesonpage 293.
InadditiontotheIPaddress,theDHCPserverontheNATnetworksendsout
configurationinformationthatenablesthevirtualmachinetooperate.Thisinformation
includesthedefaultgatewayandtheDNSserver.IntheDHCPresponse,theNAT
deviceinstructsthevirtualmachinetousetheIPaddress<net>.2asthedefaultgateway
andDNSserver.ThiscausesallIPpacketsdestinedfortheexternalnetworkandDNS
requeststobeforwardedtotheNATdevice.
DNS on the NAT Network

TheNATdeviceactsasaDNSserverforthevirtualmachinesontheNATnetwork.
Actually,theNATdeviceisaDNSproxyandmerelyforwardsDNSrequestsfromthe
virtualmachinestoaDNSserverthatisknownbythehost.Responsescomebacktothe
NATdevice,whichthenforwardsthemtothevirtualmachines.
IftheygettheirconfigurationinformationfromDHCP,thevirtualmachinesonthe
NATnetworkautomaticallyusetheNATdeviceastheDNSserver.However,the
virtualmachinescanbestaticallyconfiguredtouseanotherDNSserver.
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Advanced NAT Configuration

Thissectionincludesthefollowingsections:
OnaWindowsHostonpage 309
OnaLinuxHostonpage 311
On a Windows Host
UsethevirtualnetworksettingseditortoconfigureNAT,asdescribedinthefollowing
procedure.ToedittheNATconfigurationfile,seeCustomNATandDHCP
ConfigurationonaWindowsHostonpage 310.
To configure NAT on a Windows host
1
UsethecontrolsontheNATtabtoconfigureNAT:
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StopandstartthevirtualNATdevicebyclickingtheappropriatebuttons.
ToeditNATsettingsforavirtualnetwork,choosetheVMnetnetworkfrom
thedropdownmenuandclickEdit.TheNATSettingsdialogboxappears.
309
TheautodetectsettingdetermineswhethertheVMwareNATdeviceautomatically
attemptstomapvirtualmachinesourceportsbelow1024toNATsourceportsbelow
1024.Asettingof1meanstrue.Asettingof0meansfalse.OnaWindowshost,the
defaultis1(true).OnaLinuxhost,thedefaultis0(false).
port = <n>
Theportsettingspecifiesadestinationport(where<n>istheportontheserverthat
acceptstheconnectionfromtheclient).Wheneveravirtualmachineconnectstothe
specifiedportonanyserver,theNATdeviceattemptstomaketheconnectionfroma
sourceportbelow1024.Youcanincludeoneormoreportsettingsinthe
[privilegedUDP]or[privilegedTCP]sectionorinbothsections,asrequiredforthe
connectionsyouneedtomake.Entereachportsettingonaseparateline.
On a Linux Host
UsetheNATconfigurationfileonthehosttoconfiguretheNATdevice.Thisfileis
locatedin/etc/vmware/vmnet8/nat/nat.conf.
Theconfigurationfileisdividedintosections.EachsectionconfiguresapartoftheNAT
device.Textsurroundedbysquarebracketssuchas[host]marksthebeginningof
asection.Ineachsectionisaconfigurationparameterthatcanbeset.Theconfiguration
parameterstaketheformip = 192.168.27.2/24.
ForanexampleofaNATconfigurationfile,seeSampleLinuxvmnetnat.confFileon
page 317.TheconfigurationfilevariablesaredescribedinContentsoftheNAT
ConfigurationFileonpage 311.
Contents of the NAT Configuration File

TheNATconfigurationfileislocatedin:
OnaWindowshost:
C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\VMware\vmnetnat.conf
Ifyoueditthisfileandthenusethevirtualnetworksettingseditor(Edit>Virtual
NetworkSettings),youreditsmightbelost.
OnaLinuxhost:
/etc/vmware/vmnet8/nat/nat.conf
TheNATconfigurationfilecontainsthefollowingsections.
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autodetect
FlagtoindicatewhethertheNATdeviceshoulddetecttheDNSserversavailable
tothehost.
nameserver1
IPaddressofaDNSservertouse.
nameserver2
nameserver3
Ifautodetectisonandsomenameserversarespecified,theDNSserversspecified
innameserver1,nameserver2andnameserver3areaddedbeforethelistof
detectedDNSservers.
The [netbios] Section
ThissectionappliestoWindowshostsonly.Linuxdoesnotusethissection.
nbnsTimeout = 2
Timeout,inseconds,forNBNSqueries.
nbnsRetries = 3
NumberofretriesforeachNBNSquery.
nbdsTimeout = 3
Timeout,inseconds,forNBDSqueries.
The [incomingtcp] Section
UsethissectiontoconfigureTCPportforwardingforNAT.Inthissection,youcan
assignaportnumbertoanIPaddressandportnumberonavirtualmachine.
Thefollowinglineshowstheformatusedinthissection:
8887 = 192.168.27.128:21
Thisexamplecreatesamappingfromport8887onthehosttotheIPaddress
192.168.27.128andport21.Whenthismappingissetandanexternalmachineconnects
tothehostatport8887,thenetworkpacketsareforwardedtoport21(thestandardport
forFTP)onthevirtualmachinewithIPaddress192.168.27.128.
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TouseNetLogon,youneedtoknowhowWINSserversandWindowsdomain
controllerswork.Thissectionexplainshowtosetupthevirtualmachinetouse
NetLogon.Thesetupprocessissimilartothewayyousetupaphysicalcomputeron
oneLANthatisusingadomaincontrolleronanotherLAN.
TologontoaWindowsdomainoutsidethevirtualNATnetwork,thevirtualmachine
needsaccesstoaWINSserverforthatdomain.Youcanconnectthevirtualmachineto
aWINSserverintwoways:
ConnecttotheWINSserverprovidedbytheDHCPserverusedontheNAT
network,iftheWINSserverisalreadysetuponthehost.
ToconnectfromthevirtualmachinetoaWINSservernotsetuponthehost,you
canmanuallyentertheIPaddressoftheWINSserver.
Thissectionprovidesinstructionsforbothstrategies.
Using NAT to Connect to an Existing WINS Server Set Up on the Host

Inordertousethismethod,aWINSserverinthesameworkgroupordomainmustbe
setuponthehost.ThesestepsuseWindows2000,WindowsXP,orWindows2003
Serverasaguide.TheprocessissimilarforWindowsNT,WindowsMe,andWindows
9xguests.ForWindowsVista,thefirstcoupleofstepsaredifferent,asnotedinthe
specificstepsbelow.
To use NAT to connect to a WINS server on the host
1
Inthevirtualmachine,rightclickMyNetworkPlacesandchooseProperties.
ForWindowsVista,opentheNetworkandSharingCenter,andclicktheView
Statuslinkfortheconnectionthatusesthedesiredvirtualnetworkadapter.
IntheNetworkConnectionswindow,rightclickthevirtualnetworkadapterand
chooseProperties.
ForWindowsVista,intheConnectionStatuswindow,clickPropertiesandclick
Continuewhenpromptedforpermission.
InthePropertiesdialogbox,selectInternetProtocol(TCP/IP)andclickProperties.
IntheTCP/IPPropertiesdialogbox,clickAdvanced.
OntheWINStab,underNetBIOSsetting,selectUseNetBIOSsettingfrom
DHCPServer.
ClickOKtwiceandclickClose.
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Sample Linux vmnetnat.conf File

# Linux NAT configuration file
[host]
# NAT gateway address
ip = 192.168.237.2/24
hostMAC = 00:50:56:C0:00:08
# enable configuration; disabled by default for security reasons
#configport = 33445
# VMnet device if not specified on command line
device = VMnet8
# Allow PORT/EPRT FTP commands (they need incoming TCP stream...)
activeFTP = 1
# Allows the source to have any OUI. Turn this one if you change the OUI
# in the MAC address of your virtual machines.
#allowAnyOUI = 1
[udp]
# Timeout in seconds, 0 = no timeout, default = 60; real value might
# be up to 100% longer
timeout = 30
[dns]
# This section applies only to Windows.
#
# Policy to use for DNS forwarding. Accepted values include order,
# rotate, burst.
#
# order: send one DNS request at a time in order of the name servers
# rotate: send one DNS request at a time, rotate through the DNS servers
# burst: send to three servers and wait for the first one to respond
policy = order;
# Timeout in seconds before retrying DNS request.
timeout = 2
# Retries before giving up on DNS request
retries = 3
# Automatically detect the DNS servers (not supported in Windows NT)
autodetect = 1
# List of DNS servers to use. Up to three may be specified
#nameserver1 = 208.23.14.2
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MakesuretheSambapasswordfileincludesentriesforallusersofthevirtualmachine
whowillaccessthehostsfilesystem.TheusernamesandpasswordsintheSamba
passwordfilemustmatchthoseusedforloggingontotheguestoperatingsystem.
YoucanaddusernamesandpasswordstotheSambapasswordfileatanytimefroma
terminalwindowonyourLinuxhostcomputer.
To add users to the Samba password file
1
Logontotherootaccount:
su
RuntheSambapasswordcommand:
smbpasswd -a <username>
<username>istheusernametoadd.
3
Followtheinstructionsonthescreen.
Logoutoftherootaccount:
exit
Using a Samba Server for Bridged and Host-Only Networks

TouseyourSambaserverforbothhostonlyandbridgednetworking,youmustmodify
oneparameterinthesmb.conffile.Youcandefinetheinterfaceparametersoyour
Sambaserverservesmultipleinterfaces.Anexampleofthisis:
interface = eth0 vmnet1
ThisexampletellstheSambaservertolistentoanduseboththeeth0andvmnet1
interfaces,whicharetheinterfacesusedbybridgedandhostonlynetworking,
respectively.
Using Samba Without Network Access

TomakeSambainaccessiblefromyourphysicalEthernetinterface,addthisline:
interfaces = vmnet*
to/etc/samba/smb.confandrestartSamba.
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14
Configuring Video and

Sound
14
Thefollowingsectionsprovideinformationonconfiguringthevideodisplayand
soundforVMwareWorkstation.Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
SettingScreenColorDepthonpage 321
ExperimentalSupportforDirect3Donpage 322
ConfiguringSoundonpage 327
Setting Screen Color Depth

Thenumberofscreencolorsavailableintheguestoperatingsystemdependsonthe
screencolorsettingofthehostoperatingsystem.
Virtualmachinessupport:
16color(VGA)mode
8bitpseudocolor
16bitsperpixel(16significantbitsperpixel)
32bitsperpixel(24significantbitsperpixel)
Ifthehostisin15bitcolormode,theguestoperatingsystemscolorsettingcontrols
offer15bitmodeinplaceof16bitmode.
Ifthehostisin24bitcolormode,theguestoperatingsystemscolorsettingcontrols
offer24bitmodeinplaceof32bitmode.
Ifyourunaguestoperatingsystemsetforagreaternumberofcolorsthanyourhost
operatingsystemisusing,youcanencountervariousproblems.Insomecases,for
example,thecolorsintheguestarenotcorrect.Inothers,theguestoperatingsystemis
notabletouseagraphicalinterface.
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Chapter 14 Configuring Video and Sound
Audience for Direct3D Experimental Support

Workstationprovidesthisfeatureforadvancedcustomerswhowanttoexplorean
inprogressimplementationof3Dacceleration.
Technicalsupportforaccelerated3DisnotyetprovidedforWorkstation.However,
youareencouragedtofileasupportrequestsoVMwarecanevaluateproblemsyou
experiencewithaccelerated3D.ReviewHelpingVMwarewithExperimental
Supportonpage 326beforeyoufileasupportrequest.
Accelerated 3-D Limitations

ExperimentalsupportforDirect3DappliesonlytoWindows2000andWindowsXP
guests,onhostsrunningWindows2000,WindowsXP,WindowsVista,orLinux.
Experimentalsupporthasthefollowinglimitations:
WorkstationacceleratesDirectX8applicationsandDirectX9applicationsthatuse
onlythesubsetofDirectX8.
Supportfor3Dapplicationsisnotoptimizedforperformance.
OpenGLapplicationsruninsoftwareemulationmode.
Notallaspectsof3Daccelerationareenabled.Thefollowing3Dfeaturesarenot
accelerated:
Pixelandvertexshaders
Multiplevertexstreams
Hardwarebumpmapping,environmentmapping
Projectedtextures
Textureswithone,three,orfourdimensions
Enabling Accelerated 3-D

Bydefault,Direct3Dtechnologyisdisabled.Youmustpreparethehostfirst,thevirtual
machinesecond,andtheguestoperatingsystemlast.
CAUTIONFeatureswithexperimentalsupportarenotintendedforproduction
systems.
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Addthefollowingtotheconfiguration(.vmx)fileforthevirtualmachine:
mks.enable3d = "TRUE"
Thislineenablesaccelerated3Donthehost.Itisrequiredtosupportaccelerated
3Dintheguestandalsoenablesthehosttoaccelerate2Dportionsoftheguest
display.
4
Alsoaddoneorbothofthefollowingoptionallines:
svga.vramSize = "67108864"
ThislineincreasestheamountofVRAMonthevirtualdisplaycardto64MB.
AddingmoreVRAMhelpstoreducethrashingintheguest.Themaximumvalue
is128MB.
vmmouse.present = "FALSE"
Thislinedisablestheabsolutepointingdeviceintheguest.Applicationsthat
requireDirectInputrelativemoderequirethatyouturnofftheabsolutepointing
deviceintheguest.Inpractice,thisisonlyrequiredforacertainclassoffullscreen
3Dapplications(forexample,realtimegameslikefirstpersonshooters).
5
Ifyousetthevmmouse.presentoption,alsoturnoffthepreferenceformotion
ungrabbingintheWorkstationpreferences,asfollows:
a
ClicktheInputtab.
DeselectUngrabwhencursorleaveswindow.
To enable the guest operating system for accelerated 3-D

1
InstallVMwareTools.
Forinstructions,seeInstallingandUpgradingVMwareToolsonpage 115.
InstallDirectX9.0cEndUserRuntime.
ThisdownloadisavailablefromMicrosoftat:
www.microsoft.com/downloads/search.aspx?displaylang=en&categoryid=2
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325
Configuring Sound
WorkstationprovidesasounddevicecompatiblewiththeSoundBlasterAudioPCIand
supportssoundinWindows95,Windows98,WindowsMe,WindowsNT,Windows
2000,WindowsXP,WindowsServer2003,andLinuxguestoperatingsystems.The
Workstationsounddeviceisenabledbydefault.
SoundsupportincludesPCM(pulsecodemodulation)outputandinput.Forexample,
youcanplay.wavfiles,MP3audio,andRealMediaaudio.MIDIoutputfromWindows
guestsissupportedthroughtheWindowssoftwaresynthesizer.MIDIinputisnot
supported,andnoMIDIsupportisavailableforLinuxguests.
Windows2000,WindowsXP,andmostrecentLinuxdistributionsautomaticallydetect
thesounddeviceandinstallappropriatedriversforit.
ForWindowsVista,whenyouinstallVMwareToolsina64bitWindowsVistaguest
operatingsystem,asounddriverisinstalled.For32bitWindowsVistaguestsand
Windows2003Serverguests,youneedtouseWindowsUpdatetoinstalla32bitdriver.
Installing Sound Drivers in Windows 9x and NT Guests

Windows95,Windows98,Windows98SE,andWindowsNT4.0donothavedrivers
fortheSoundBlasterAudioPCIadapter.Tousesoundintheseguestoperatingsystems,
downloadthedriverfromtheCreativeLabsWebsite(www.creative.com)andinstall
itintheguestoperatingsystem.
CreativeLabshasanumberofWebsitesservingvariousregionsoftheworld.The
adapternamevaries,dependingontheregion,butusuallyincludesPCI128.
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15
Connecting Devices
15
Thischapterdescribeshowtousevariousdeviceswithavirtualmachine.Thischapter
includesthefollowingtopics:
UsingParallelPortsonpage 329
UsingSerialPortsonpage 335
ConfiguringKeyboardFeaturesonpage 343
UsingUSBDevicesinaVirtualMachineonpage 353
ConnectingtoaGenericSCSIDeviceonpage 359
UsingTwoWayVirtualSymmetricMultiprocessing(Experimental)onpage 367
Using Parallel Ports

Parallelportsareusedbyavarietyofdevices,includingprinters,scanners,dongles,
anddiskdrives.
Currently,WorkstationprovidesonlypartialemulationofPS/2hardware.Interrupts
requestedbyadeviceconnectedtothephysicalportarenotpassedtothevirtual
machine.Also,theguestoperatingsystemcannotuseDMA(directmemoryaccess)to
movedatatoorfromtheport.Forthisreason,notalldevicesthatattachtotheparallel
portareguaranteedtoworkcorrectly.
Installation in Guest Operating Systems

Ifthevirtualmachineisconfiguredwithaparallelport,mostguestoperatingsystems
detectitatinstallationtimeandinstalltherequireddrivers.Someoperatingsystems,
includingLinux,WindowsNT,andWindows2000,automaticallydetecttheportsat
boottime.Others,likeWindows95andWindows98,donot.
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Chapter 15 Connecting Devices
Parallel Ports and Linux 2.2.x Kernels

The2.2.xkernelsthatsupportparallelportsusetheparport,parport_pc,and
vmppusermodules.BesurethatPCStyleHardware(CONFIG_PARPORT_PC)is
loadedasamodule.OnLinuxhosts,Workstationrequiresthattheparallelport
PCstylehardwareoption(CONFIG_PARPORT_PC)bebuiltandloadedasakernel
module(thatis,itmustbesettom).Workstationisunabletouseparallelportdevices
ifCONFIG_PARPORT_PCisbuiltdirectly(compiled)intothekernel.Thislimitation
existsbecauseCONFIG_PARPORT_PCdoesnotcorrectlyexportitssymbols.
ThevmppusermoduleissuppliedbyWorkstationtogivevirtualmachinesuserlevel
accesstotheparallelport.
To check the configuration
1
Determinewhethertheparport,parport_pc,andvmppusermodulesare
installedandrunningonyoursystembyrunningthelsmodcommandastheroot
user.
Thesethreemodulesshouldbeincludedinthelistingofrunningmodules.Youcan
alsolookatthe/proc/modulesfileforthesamelist.
Toloadthepropermodules,runthiscommand:
insmod <modulename>
Ifnoneofthelistedparallelportmodulesisloaded,usethiscommand:
insmod parport_pc
Thiscommandinsertsthethreemodulesneededforaparallelport.
Ifyoucontinuetoseeproblems,itispossiblethatthelpmoduleisrunning.Ifitis,
thevirtualmachinecannotusetheparallelportcorrectly.
4
Ifthelpmoduleisloaded,runthiscommandastherootusertoremoveit:
rmmod lp
Verifythatthelinereferringtothelpmoduleinthe/etc/modules.confor
/etc/conf.modulesfileisremovedorcommentedoutbyinsertingahash
character(#)atthebeginningoftheline.
ThenameoftheconfigurationfiledependsontheLinuxdistributionyouare
using.Whenyourebootthehostafterremovingthisline,theconfigurationfileno
longerstartsthelpmodule.
Toensurethatthepropermodulesfortheparallelportareloadedatboottime,add
thislinetothe/etc/modules.confor/etc/conf.modulesfile:
alias parport_lowlevel parport_pc
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Linuxkernelsinthe2.4.xseriesalsouseaspecialarbitratorthatallowsaccesstothe
parallelporthardware.Iftheparallelportisinusebythehost,theguestcannotuseit.
Ifavirtualmachineisusingtheparallelport,thehostandanyusersaccessingthehost
arenotgivenaccesstothedevice.Workstationputsalockonthedevice,andthislock
restrictsaccesssothatonlythevirtualmachinecanusetheport.
FromtheVMwareWorkstationmenubar,youcanchooseVM>RemovableDevicesto
disconnecttheparallelportfromthevirtualmachineandreconnectit.
Parallel Ports and Linux 2.6.x Kernels

BesurethatPCStyleHardware(CONFIG_PARPORT_PC)isloadedasamodule(that
is,itmustbesettom).Ifyouareusinga2.6.xkernel,themodulesthatprovide
parallelportfunctionalityare modprobe <modulename>and modprobe parport_pc.
To check the configuration
1
Determinewhetherthemodprobe <modulename>and modprobe parport_pc

modulesareinstalledandloadedonyoursystembyrunningthelsmodcommand
astherootuser.
Youcanalsolookatthe/proc/modulesfileforthesamelist.
With2.6.x,loadingparport_pcdoesnotloadallmodules.
Ifnoneofthelistedparallelportmodulesisloaded,usethiscommand:
modprobe parport_pc && modprobe ppdev
Thiscommandinsertsthemodulesneededforaparallelport.
Ifyoucontinuetoseeproblems,itispossiblethatthelpmoduleisloaded.Ifitis,
thevirtualmachinecannotusetheparallelportcorrectly.
3
Ifthelpmoduleisloaded,runthiscommandastherootusertoremoveit:
rmmod lp
Verifythatthelinereferringtothelpmoduleinthe/etc/modules.confor
/etc/conf.modulesfileisremovedorcommentedoutbyinsertingahash
character(#)atthebeginningoftheline.
ThenameoftheconfigurationfiledependsontheLinuxdistributionyouare
using.Whenyourebootthehostafterremovingthisline,theconfigurationfileno
longerstartsthelpmodule.
Toensurethatthepropermodulesfortheparallelportareloadedatboottime,add
thislinetothe/etc/modules.confor/etc/conf.modulesfile:
alias parport_lowlevel parport_pc
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Using Serial Ports

AWorkstationvirtualmachinecanuseuptofourvirtualserialports.Thevirtualserial
portscanbeconfiguredinseveralways:
Connectavirtualserialporttoaphysicalserialportonthehostcomputer.
Connectavirtualserialporttoafileonthehostcomputer.
Makeadirectconnectionbetweentwovirtualmachinesorbetweenavirtual
machineandanapplicationrunningonthehostcomputer.
Thissectionprovidesinstructionsforalltheseoptions.Youcanalsoselectwhetherto
connectthevirtualserialportwhenyoupoweronthevirtualmachine.
Using a Serial Port or a File on the Host Computer

Youcansetupthevirtualserialportinavirtualmachinetouseaphysicalserialport
onthehostcomputer.Thisisuseful,forexample,ifyouwanttouseanexternalmodem
orahandhelddeviceinyourvirtualmachine.
Alternatively,youcansetupthevirtualserialportinavirtualmachinetosendits
outputtoafileonthehostcomputer.Thisisuseful,forexample,ifyouwanttocapture
thedataaprogramrunninginthevirtualmachinesendstothevirtualserialportorif
youneedaquickwaytotransferafilefromtheguesttothehost.
To install a virtual serial port that connects to a physical serial port or a file
1
ChooseVM>Settings.
ClickAddtostarttheAddHardwarewizardandclickNext.
SelectSerialPortandclickNext.
OntheSerialPortTypepage,selecteitherUsephysicalserialportonthehostor
OutputtofileandclickNext.
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DependingonwhetheryouareusingaLinuxhostoraWindowshost,dooneof
thefollowing:
ForaWindowshost:OntheSpecifyNamedPipepage,acceptthedefaultpipe
nameorenteranotherpipename.Thepipenamemustfollowtheform
\\.\pipe\<namedpipe>thatis,itmustbeginwith\\.\pipe\.
ForaLinuxhost:InthePathfield,enter/tmp/<socket>oranotherUNIX
socketnameofyourchoice.
SelectThisendistheserverorThisendistheclient.
SelectThisendistheserverifyouplantostartthisendoftheconnectionfirst.
SelectTheotherendisanapplication.
MakesuretheConnectatpoweroncheckboxisselectedifdesired.
10
ClickFinishtoreturntotheHardwaretabofthevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
11 (Windowshostsonly)OntheHardwaretab,toconfigurethisserialporttouse
polledmode,selectYieldCPUonpoll.
Thisoptionisofinteresttodeveloperswhoareusingdebuggingtoolsthat
communicateoveraserialconnection.Formoreinformation,seeConfiguration
OptionsforAdvancedUsersonpage 340.
12
Onyourhostcomputer,configuretheapplicationthatcommunicateswiththe
virtualmachinetousethesamepipename(foraWindowshost)orthesameUNIX
socketname(foraLinuxhost).
13
Connecting Two Virtual Machines

Youcansetupthevirtualserialportsintwovirtualmachinestoconnecttoeachother.
Thisisuseful,forexample,ifyouwanttouseanapplicationinonevirtualmachine(the
client)tocapturedebugginginformationsentfromtheother(theserver)virtual
machinesserialport.
Thefollowingproceduresdescribehowtosetuptheserverandtheclientfor
connectingtoeachotherbytwovirtualserialports.
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To set up the client side of the connection

1
ChooseVM>Settings.
SelectSerialPortandclickNext.
OntheSerialPortTypepage,selectOutputtoNamedPipeandclickNext.
DependingonwhetheryouareusingaLinuxhostoraWindowshost,dooneof
thefollowing:
ForaWindowshost:OntheSpecifyNamedPipepage,acceptthedefaultpipe
nameorenteranotherpipename.Thepipenamemustfollowtheform
\\.\pipe\<namedpipe>thatis,itmustbeginwith\\.\pipe\.
ForaLinuxhost:InthePathfield,enter/tmp/<socket>oranotherUNIX
socketnameofyourchoice.Thepipenamemustbethesameonbothserver
andclient.
SelectThisendistheclient.
SelectTheotherendisavirtualmachine.
10
11
(Windowshostsonly)OntheHardwaretab,toconfigurethisserialporttouse
polledmode,selectYieldCPUonpoll.
Thisoptionisofinteresttodeveloperswhoareusingdebuggingtoolsthat
communicateoveraserialconnection.Formoreinformation,seeConfiguration
OptionsforAdvancedUsersonpage 340.
12
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To change the input speed of the serial connection

1
Usetheguestoperatingsystemtoconfiguretheserialportforthehighestsetting
supportedbytheapplicationyouarerunninginthevirtualmachine.
PoweroffthevirtualmachineandclosetheWorkstationwindow.
Useatexteditortoaddthefollowinglinetoyourvirtualmachinesconfiguration
(.vmx)file:
serial<n>.pipe.charTimePercent = "<x>"
<n>isthenumberoftheserialport,startingfrom0.Sothefirstserialportis
serial0.
<x>isapositiveintegerthatspecifiesthetimetakentotransmitacharacter,
expressedasapercentageofthedefaultspeedsetfortheserialportintheguest
operatingsystem.Forexample,asettingof200forcestheporttotaketwiceaslong
percharacter,orsenddataathalfthedefaultspeed.Asettingof50forcestheport
totakeonlyhalfaslongpercharacter,orsenddataattwicethedefaultspeed.
Assumingthattheserialportspeedissetappropriatelyintheguestoperating
system,experimentwiththissetting.Startwithavalueof100andgradually
decreaseituntilyoufindthehighestspeedatwhichyourconnectionworks
reliably.
Examples: Debugging over a Virtual Serial Port

YoucanuseDebuggingToolsforWindows(WinDbg)orKernelDebugger(KD)todebug
kernelcodeinavirtualmachineoveravirtualserialport.DownloadDebuggingTools
forWindowsfromtheWindowsDDKWebsiteat
www.microsoft.com/whdc/devtools/debugging/default.mspx.
Thefollowingtwoexamplesillustratehowtouseavirtualserialporttodebugkernel
codeinavirtualmachine:
WiththedebuggingapplicationontheWorkstationhost(Windowshostsonly)
Withthedebuggingapplicationinanothervirtualmachineonthesame
Workstationhost(usefulonaLinuxhostandcanalsobedoneonaWindowshost)
Usingeitherofthesemethodsletsyoudebugkernelcodeononesystem,withoutthe
needfortwophysicalcomputers,amodem,oraserialcable.
Debugging an Application in a Virtual Machine from the Windows Host

Inthisexample,youhavekernelcodetodebuginavirtualmachine(calledthetarget
virtualmachine)andarerunningWinDbgorKDonyourWindowshost.
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To debug an application from another virtual machine

1
Preparethetargetvirtualmachine:Usetheappropriateplatformspecific
procedurefortheservervirtualmachinedescribedinConnectingTwoVirtual
Machinesonpage 337.
OnWindowshosts,makesurewhenyouconfigurethetargetvirtualmachines
virtualserialportthatyouselecttheYieldCPUonpollcheckbox,becausethe
kernelinthetargetvirtualmachineusesthevirtualserialportinpolledmode,not
interruptmode.
Forthedebuggervirtualmachine,makesureyouhavedownloadedDebugging
ToolsforWindows.
FollowthestepsfortheclientvirtualmachineinConnectingTwoVirtual
Machinesonpage 337.
Poweronbothvirtualmachines.
Makesuretheserialportisconnected:ChoosechooseVM>RemovableDevices.
Iftheserialportisnotconnected,choosethevirtualserialportandclickConnect.
Inthedebuggervirtualmachine,startdebuggingwithWinDbgorKDnormally.
Configuring Keyboard Features

EnhancedVirtualKeyboardforWindowsHostsonpage 343
HotKeysonpage 344
SpecifyingaLanguageKeymapforVNCClientsonpage 345
KeyboardMappingonaLinuxHostonpage 346
Enhanced Virtual Keyboard for Windows Hosts

Thisfeatureprovidesbetterhandlingofinternationalkeyboardsandkeyboardswith
extrakeys.Italsoofferssecurityimprovements,asitprocessesrawkeyboardinputas
soonaspossible,bypassingWindowskeystrokeprocessingandanymalwarethatsnot
alreadyatalowerlayer.Thisfeatureiscurrentlyavailableforall32bitWindowsguests
exceptWindowsVistaguests.
Ifyouusethisfeature,whenyoupressCtrl+Alt+Delete,theguestsystemonly,rather
thanbothguestandhost,willactonthecommand.
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Specifying a Language Keymap for VNC Clients

IfyousetavirtualmachinetoactasaVNCserver,youcanspecifywhichlanguageyou
wanttouseforthekeyboardthatVNCclientsuse.Bydefault,theUS101keyboardmap
(U.S.English)isused.
To specify which keymap to use for VNC clients
1
SetthevirtualmachinetoactasaVNCserver,asdescribedinUsingaVNCClient
forRemoteConnectionstoaVirtualMachineonpage 184.
Useatexteditortoopentheconfigurationfile(.vmxfile)forthevirtualmachine
andaddthefollowinglines:
RemoteDisplay.vnc.keyMap = "<xx>"
where<xx>isthecodeforthelanguageyouwanttouse,suchasjpfor
Japanese.Thissettingtellsthevirtualmachinewhichkeyboardmapfileto
use.ItassumesthatthekeyboardmapfilesarelocatedintheWorkstation
installationdirectory:/usr/lib/vmware/vnckeymaponLinuxandin
C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application
Data\VMware\vnckeymaponWindows.Followingisalistoflanguagecodes:
de:German
de-ch:German(Switzerland)
es:Spanish
fi:Finnish
fr:French
fr-be:French(Belgium)
fr-ch:French(Switzerland)
is:Icelandic
it:Italian
jp:Japanses
nl-be:Dutch(Belgium)
no:Norwegian
pt:Polish
uk:UKEnglish
us:USEnglish
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keyboard.Mostkeyshaveonebytescancodes,butsomekeyshavetwobytescan
codeswithprefix0xe0.
Internally,WorkstationusesasimplifiedversionofthePCscancodethatisasingle
ninebitnumericvalue,calledavscancode.Avscancodeiswrittenasathreedigit
hexadecimalnumber.Thefirstdigitis0or1.Forexample,thelefthandCtrlkeyhasa
onebytescancode(0x1d);itsvscancodeis0x01d.TherighthandCtrlkeyscancode
istwobytes(0xe0,0x1d);itsvscancodeis0x11d.
AnXserverusesatwolevelencodingofkeys.AnXkeycodeisaonebytevalue.The
assignmentofkeycodestokeysdependsontheXserverimplementationandthe
physicalkeyboard.Asaresult,anXapplicationnormallycannotusekeycodesdirectly.
Instead,thekeycodesaremappedintokeysymsthathavenameslikespace,escape,x
and2.ThemappingcanbecontrolledbyanXapplicationbyusingthefunction
XChangeKeyboardMapping()orbytheprogramxmodmap.Toexplorekeyboard
mappings,youcanusexev,whichshowsthekeycodesandkeysymsforkeystyped
intoitswindow.
Akeycodecorrespondsroughlytoaphysicalkey,whileakeysymcorrespondstothe
symbolonthekeytop.Forexample,withanXFree86serverrunningonaPC,theZkey
ontheGermankeyboardhasthesamekeycodeastheYkeyonanEnglishkeyboard.
TheGermanZkeysym,however,isthesameastheEnglishZkeysym,anddifferent
fromtheEnglishYkeysym.
ForanXFree86serveronaPC,thereisaonetoonemappingfromXkeycodestoPC
scancodes(orvscancodes,whichiswhatWorkstationreallyuses).Workstationtakes
advantageofthisfact.WhenitisusinganXFree86serveronthelocalhost,itusesthe
builtinmappingfromXkeycodestovscancodes.Thismappingiskeyboard
independentandshouldbecorrectformost,ifnotall,languages.Inothercases(notan
XFree86serverornotalocalserver),Workstationmustmapkeysymstovscancodes
byusingasetofkeyboardspecifictables.
Configuring How Key Codes Are Mapped

Keycodemappingissimple,automatic,andfoolproof.(Keysymmappingismore
complexandisdescribedlater.)However,becausetheprogramcannottellwhethera
remoteserverisrunningonaPCoronsomeotherkindofcomputer,ituseskeycode
mappingonlywithlocalXservers.Thisapproachmighthaveundesirableeffects.This
andotherbehaviorrelatedtokeycodemappingcanbecontrolledbypoweringoffthe
virtualmachine,closingtheVMwareWorkstationwindow,andusingatexteditorto
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Lockusingxmodmap.Thismeansthekeysareswappedinthevirtualmachinewhen
usingaremoteserver(keysymmapping)butareunswappedwhenusingalocalserver
(keycodemapping).
Therefore,keysymmappingisnecessarilyimperfect.Tomakeupforthisdefect,you
canchangemostofthebehaviorbyusingconfigurationsettings:
xkeymap.language = "<keyboard-type>"
UsethissettingifWorkstationhasatableinxkeymapforyourkeyboardbutcant
detectit.<keyboard-type>mustbeoneofthetablesinthexkeymapdirectory.
(Seeaboveforlocation.)However,thefailuretodetectthekeyboardprobably
meansthetableisntcompletelycorrectforyou.
xkeymap.keysym.<sym> = "<v-scan code>"

Ifyouusekeysymmapping,mapkeysym<sym>to<v-scan code>.Whenyoudo,
<sym>mustbeanXkeysymnameand<v-scan code>shouldbeaCsyntax
hexadecimalnumber(forexample,0x001).
Theeasiestwaytofindthekeysymnameforakeyistorunxevorxmodmap -pk.
TheXheaderfile/usr/include/X11/keysymdef.hhasacompletelistof
keysyms.(ThenameofakeysymisthesameasitsCconstantwithouttheXK_
prefix.)MostvscancodesareinVScanCodeTableonpage 349.
Thexkeymaptablesthemselvesarealsohelpful.Usethemtofixsmallerrorsinan
existingmapping.
xkeymap.fileName = "<file-path>"
Usethekeysymmappingtablein<file-path>.Atableisasequenceof
configurationlinesofthefollowingform:
<sym> = "<v-scan code>"
where<sym>isanXkeysymname,and<v-scan code>isaCsyntaxhexadecimal
number(forexample,0x001).(Seetheexplanationofxkeymap.keysymabovefor
tipsonfindingthekeysymsandvscancodesforyourkeyboard.)
Compilingacompletekeysymmappingisdifficult.Itisbesttostartwithan
existingtableandmakesmallchanges.
V-Scan Code Table

Table 151showsthevscancodesforthe104keyU.S.keyboard.
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Table 15-1. V-Scan Codes for the 104-Key U.S. Keyboard (Continued)
Symbol
Shifted Symbol
Location
V-Scan Code
0x01e
0x01f
0x020
0x021
0x022
0x023
0x024
0x025
0x026
0x027
0x028
0x029
Shift
\
left
|
0x02a
0x02b
0x02c
0x02d
0x02e
0x02f
0x030
0x031
0x032
<
0x033
>
0x034
0x035
Shift
right
0x036
numericpad
0x037
Alt
left
0x038
Spacebar
0x039
CapsLock
0x03a
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Table 15-1. V-Scan Codes for the 104-Key U.S. Keyboard (Continued)
Symbol
Location
V-Scan Code
Ctrl
right
0x11d
numericpad
0x135
SysRq
Shifted Symbol
PrintScrn
0x137
Alt
right
0x138
Home
functionpad
0x147
Uparrow
functionpad
0x148
PageUp
functionpad
0x149
Leftarrow
functionpad
0x14b
Rightarrow
functionpad
0x14d
End
functionpad
0x14f
Downarrow
functionpad
0x150
PageDown
functionpad
0x151
Insert
functionpad
0x152
Delete
functionpad
0x153
Windows
left
0x15b
Windows
right
0x15c
Menu
0x15d
The84keykeyboardhasaSysReqkeyonthenumericpad.Itsvscancodeis0x054.
KeyboardsoutsidetheU.S.usuallyhaveanextrakey(often<>or<>|)nexttotheleft
shiftkey.Thevscancodeforthiskeyis0x056.
Using USB Devices in a Virtual Machine

WorkstationprovidestwoUSBcontrollers,sothatyoucanconnecttobothUSB1.1and
USB2.0devices:
ForUSB1.1,aUHCIcontrollerwithavirtualhubenablesyoutoconnecttomore
thantwoUSB1.1devices.
ForUSB2.0,anEHCIcontrollerenablesyoutoconnecttouptosixUSB2.0devices.
ForUSB2.0support,yourhostmachinemustsupportUSB2.0,andyoumust
enableUSB2.0supportinWorkstation,asdescribedinthissection.
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Connecting USB Devices

ThetopicsinthissectiondescribeautomaticandmanualconnectionofUSBdevices.
Automatic Connection of USB Devices

Whenavirtualmachineisrunning,itswindowistheactivewindow,andifyoupluga
USBdeviceintothehostcomputer,thedeviceconnectstotheguestinsteadofthehost.
YoucandisablethisautoconnectfeatureintheUSBControllerpanelofthevirtual
machinesettingseditor(fromthemenubar,chooseVM>Settings>Hardware>USB
Controller).
Connecting USB Devices Manually

UsethefollowingproceduretomanuallyconnectspecificUSBdevicestoavirtual
machine.Usethisprocedureifthedevicedoesnotautomaticallyconnecttothevirtual
machine.
To connect a USB device manually
1
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredon.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>RemovableDevices>USB Devices>
<DeviceName>.
Here<DeviceName>specifiestheUSBdevicethatispluggedintoyourhost
computer.Acheckmarkappearsnexttothedevicesname,indicatingthatitis
connected.
IfthephysicalUSBdevicesareconnectedtothehostcomputerthroughahub,the
virtualmachineseesonlytheUSBdevices,notthehub.
Ifyouphysicallypluganewdeviceintothehostcomputerandtheautoconnectfeature
doesnotconnectittoavirtualmachine,thismeansthedeviceisinsteadconnectedto
thehost.ItsnameisalsoaddedtotheVM>RemovableDevicesmenusoyoucan
connectittothevirtualmachinemanually.
Automatic Reconnection of USB Devices

WhenyoumanuallyconnectaUSBdevice(bychoosingVM>RemovableDevices),
Workstationretainsthevirtualmachinesconnectiontotheaffectedportonthehost
machine.Youcansuspendorpoweroffthevirtualmachine,orunplugthedevice.
Whenyouplugthedevicebackinorresumethevirtualmachine,Workstation
reconnectsthedevice.Workstationretainstheconnectionbywritinganautoconnect
entrytothevirtualmachinesconfiguration(.vmx)file.
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IfthedriverproviderisnotMicrosoft,downloadthelatestUSBdriverforyourhost
operatingsystemfromtheMicrosoftWebsiteandfollowtheMicrosoftinstructionsto
installit.DetailsareavailableinMicrosoftknowledgebasearticle319973.
Using USB with a Linux Host

OnLinuxhosts,VMwareWorkstationusestheUSBdevicefilesystemtoconnectto
USBdevices.InmostLinuxsystemsthatsupportUSB,theUSBdevicefilesystemisat
/proc/bus/usb.
IfyourhostoperatingsystemusesadifferentpathtotheUSBdevicefilesystem,run
thefollowingcommandasroottomountthefilesystemtotheexpectedlocation:
mount -t usbfs none /proc/bus/usb
IfyouattachaUSBdrivetoaLinuxmachine,usetheabovementionedprocedureto
accessit.DonotattempttoaddaUSBdrivesdevicenode(forexample,/dev/sda)
directorytothevirtualmachineasaharddisk.Thatis,toaddaUSBdrive,usetheAdd
HardwarewizardtoaddaUSBController,notaharddisk.
How Device Control Is Shared Between Host and Guest

OnlythehostortheguestcanhavecontrolofaUSBdeviceatanyonetime.Device
controloperatesdifferently,dependingonwhetherthehostisaLinuxoraWindows
computer.
Device Control on a Windows Host

Whenyouconnectadevicetoavirtualmachine,itisunpluggedfromthehostor
fromthevirtualmachinethatpreviouslyhadcontrolofthedevice.Whenyou
disconnectadevicefromavirtualmachine,itispluggedintothehost.
CAUTIONOnWindows2000,WindowsXP,andWindowsServer2003hosts,youneed
totakeaspecialsteptodisconnectUSBnetworkandstoragedevicesfromthehost
beforeconnectingthemtoavirtualmachine.Usetheappropriatesystemtrayiconto
disconnectthedevicefromthehost.OnWindows2000,theiconiscalledEject
Hardware,andonWindowsXPandWindowsServer2003,itiscalledSafelyRemove
Hardware.
OnWindows2000,WindowsXP,andWindowsServer2003hosts,whenyouconnecta
USBnetworkorstoragedevicetoavirtualmachine,youmightseeamessageonyour
hostthatsaysthedevicecanberemovedsafely.Thisisnormalbehavior,andyoucan
dismissthedialogbox.However,donotremovethedevicefromyourphysical
computer.
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Thisisimportantwithdatastoragedevices(aZipdrive,forexample).Ifyoumovea
datastoragedevicetoosoonaftersavingafileandtheoperatingsystemhasnot
actuallywrittenthedatatothedisk,youcanlosedata.
Human Interface Devices

USBhumaninterfacedevices,suchasthekeyboardandmouse,arenothandledthough
thevirtualmachinesUSBcontroller.Instead,theyappearinthevirtualmachineasa
standardPS/2keyboardandmouse,eventhoughtheyarepluggedintoUSBportson
thehost.
Connecting to a Generic SCSI Device

GenericSCSIletsavirtualmachinerunanySCSIdevicethatissupportedbytheguest
operatingsysteminthevirtualmachine.GenericSCSIgivestheguestoperatingsystem
directaccesstoSCSIdevicesconnectedtothehost,suchasscannersandtapedrives.
Generic SCSI on a Windows Host Operating System

UsingtheSCSIgenericdriverinWindows,Workstationallowsyourguestoperating
systemtooperategenericSCSIdevicesinavirtualmachine.Thesedevicesinclude
scanners,tapedrives,andotherdatastoragedevices.
NOTEToaccesshostSCSIdevicesasgenericSCSIdevicesfromwithinavirtual
machine,youmustrunWorkstationasauserwithadministratoraccess.
Intheory,genericSCSIiscompletelydeviceindependent,butVMwarehasdiscovered
itissensitivetotheguestoperatingsystem,deviceclass,andspecificSCSIhardware.
TryanySCSIhardwareyouwanttouseandreportproblemstoVMwaretechnical
support.
NOTEIfyouareusinggenericSCSIdevicesinaWindows95,Windows98,or
WindowsMeguestoperatingsystemandareexperiencingproblemswiththedevices,
downloadthelatestMylex(BusLogic)BT/KT958compatiblehostbusadapterfrom
www.lsilogic.com.ThisdriveroverrideswhatWindowschoosesasthebestdriver,but
itcorrectsknownproblems.
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Adding a Generic SCSI Device to a Virtual Machine

ThefollowingprocedureprovidesinstructionsformappingvirtualSCSIdevicesto
physicalgenericSCSIdevicesonthehost.
To add a generic SCSI device to a virtual machine
1
ChooseVM>Settings.
SelectGenericSCSIDeviceandclickNext.
FromthedropdownlistofSCSIdevices,choosetheoneyouwanttouse.
Ifyoudonotseethedeviceyouwantinthelist,youmightneedtoadditmanually,
asdescribedinAddingaGenericSCSIDeviceNotDetectedbyWorkstation
(AdvancedUsers)onpage 362.
OntheHardwaretab,intheVirtualdevicenodesection,selecttheSCSIdevice
identifiertouseforthedrive.Forexample,ifyouselectSCSI0:2,theguest
operatingsystemseesthedriveasID2oncontroller0.
NOTEToremovethisdevice,launchthevirtualmachinesettingseditor,selectthe
genericSCSIdeviceandclickRemove.
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Scenario 1: No SCSI Devices

Inthiscase,thevirtualmachinedoesnotcontainanySCSIadaptersordevices,oryou
wanttoaddagenericSCSIdevicetoanewvirtualSCSIadapterinthevirtualmachine.
Toaddthedevicetothevirtualmachine,addthefollowinglinestothevirtual
machinesconfigurationfile:
scsiZ:Y.present = "true"
scsiZ:Y.deviceType = "scsi-passthru"
scsiZ:Y.fileName = "scsiX:Y"
scsiZ.present = "true"
DefineX,Y,andZasfollows:
XistheSCSIbusthedeviceusesonthehostsystem.
YisthetargetIDthedeviceusesinthevirtualmachineandonthehost.Usethe
sametargetIDinthevirtualmachinethatthehostalreadyusesforthedeviceto
allowthedevicetoworkcorrectly.
ZistheSCSIbusthedeviceusesinthevirtualmachine.
Scenario 2: You Want to Use the Existing SCSI Device as a Generic SCSI
Inthiscase,thevirtualmachinehasaSCSIadapterandaSCSIdeviceandyouwantto
usethesamedeviceasagenericSCSIdevice.
ToconfigurethedeviceasagenericSCSIdevice,addthefollowinglinestothevirtual
machinesconfigurationfile:
scsiZ:Y.deviceType = "scsi-passthru"
scsiZ:Y.fileName = "scsiX:Y"
DefineX,Y,andZasfollows:
XistheSCSIbusthedeviceusesonthehostsystem.
YisthetargetIDthedeviceusesinthevirtualmachineandonthehost.Usethe
sametargetIDinthevirtualmachinethatthehostalreadyusesforthedeviceto
allowthedevicetoworkcorrectly.
ZistheSCSIbusthedeviceusesinthevirtualmachine.
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Generic SCSI on a Linux Host Operating System

UsingtheSCSIgenericdriverinLinux,VMwareWorkstationallowsyourguest
operatingsystemtooperategenericSCSIdeviceswithinavirtualmachine.TheSCSI
genericdriversetsupamappingforeachSCSIdevicein/dev.Eachentrystartswith
sg(fortheSCSIgenericdriver)followedbyaletter.Forexample,/dev/sg0isthefirst
genericSCSIdevice.
EachentrycorrespondstoaSCSIdeviceintheorderspecifiedin/proc/scsi/scsi,
fromthelowestdeviceIDonthelowestadaptertothehighestdeviceIDonthelowest
adapter,andsoontothehighestdeviceIDonthehighestadapter.Donotenter
/dev/st0or/dev/sr0.
NOTEWhensettingupagenericSCSIdeviceinthevirtualmachinesettingseditor,as
describedlaterinthissection,specifythedeviceyouwanttoinstallinthevirtual
machinebytypingits/dev/sgentryintheConnectionfield.Youmustbeloggedon
asauserwhohaspermissionstousethedevice.
GenericSCSIrequiresversion2.1.36orhigheroftheSCSIGeneric(sg.o)driver,which
comeswithkernel2.2.14andhigher.
Avoiding Concurrent Access to a Generic SCSI Device

SomeLinuxdevicessuchastapedrives,diskdrives,andCDROMdrives,alreadyhave
adesignated/deventry(st,sd,andsr,respectively).WhentheSCSIgenericdriveris
installed,Linuxidentifiesthesedeviceswithcorrespondingsgentriesin/devin
additiontotheirtraditionalentries.Workstationensuresthatmultipleprogramsare
notusingthesame/dev/sgentryatthesametimebutcannotalwaysensurethat
multipleprogramsarenotusingthe/dev/sgentryandthetraditional/deventryat
thesametime.
WARNINGDonotattempttousethesamegenericSCSIdeviceinbothhostandguest.
Thiscancauseunexpectedbehaviorandmightcauselossorcorruptionofdata.
Permissions on a Generic SCSI Device

YoumusthavereadandwritepermissionsonagivengenericSCSIdevicetousethe
devicewithinavirtualmachine,evenifthedeviceisareadonlydevicesuchasa
CDROMdrive.Thesedevicestypicallydefaulttorootonlypermissions.Your
administratorshouldcreateagroupwithaccesstoreadandwritetothesedevicesand
addtheappropriateuserstothatgroup.
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Using Two-Way Virtual Symmetric Multiprocessing

(Experimental)
Forallsupportedconfigurationsof32bitand64bithostandguestoperatingsystems
runningonmultiprocessorhostmachines,Workstationversions5.5andhigherprovide
experimentalsupportfortwowayvirtualSymmetricMultiprocessing(VirtualSMP).
Thisenablesyoutoassigntwovirtualprocessorstoavirtualmachineonanyhost
machinethathasatleasttwologicalprocessors.
Thefollowingareallconsideredtohavetwoormorelogicalprocessors:
AmultiprocessorhostwithtwoormorephysicalCPUs
AsingleprocessorhostwithamulticoreCPU
Asingleprocessorhostwithhyperthreadingenabled
NOTEOnhyperthreadeduniprocessorhosts,performanceofvirtualmachineswith
VirtualSMPmightbesubpar.
GuestswithmorethantwovirtualprocessorsarenotsupportedinWorkstation.
However,youcanpoweronandrunmultipledualprocessorvirtualmachines
concurrently.
Thenumberofvirtualprocessorsforagivenvirtualmachineisdisplayedinthe
summaryviewofthevirtualmachine.Youcansetthenumberofprocessorsforthe
virtualmachineineithertheNewVirtualMachinewizardorthevirtualmachine
settingseditor:
Inthevirtualmachinesettingseditor:FromtheWorkstationmenubar,choose
VM>Settings,andontheHardwaretab,selectProcessorsandspecifythenumber.
IntheNewVirtualMachinewizard:Choosetocreateacustomconfiguration,and
whenyoucometotheProcessorConfigurationpage,specifythenumber.
Ifthehostisauniprocessormachineandisnothyperthreaded,assigningtwo
processorsisneithersupportednorrecommended:awarningmessagewillappear.You
candisregardthismessageandassigntwoprocessorstothevirtualmachine,butafter
youfinishcreatingthevirtualmachine,youwillnotbeabletopoweritonunlessyou
moveittoahostmachinewithatleasttwologicalprocessors.
VirtualmachineswithSMParesupportedonlyforWorkstationversions5.5andhigher.
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16
Performance Tuning
16
ThischapterofferssuggestionsforgettingthebestperformancefromVMware
Workstationandyourvirtualmachines.Thischaptercontainsthefollowingtopics:
ConfiguringandMaintainingtheHostComputeronpage 369
ConfiguringVMwareWorkstationandVirtualMachinesonpage 372
ConfiguringGuestOperatingSystemsonpage 381
UsingtheMicrosoftPerformanceConsoletoMonitorVirtualMachine
Performanceonpage 388
Configuring and Maintaining the Host Computer

Thehostcomputerisanobviousplacetolooktoimproveperformance.Thissection
discussesthesekeyareas.
CPU
Avoidovercommittingthehostprocessors.Theperformanceofvirtualmachines
dependsonthecapacityofthehostmachinesprocessororprocessors,andmight
degradesignificantlyifyouovercommittheprocessorsbyrunningtoomanyvirtual
machinesatthesametime.
Memory
Althoughtheminimumrequiredamountofmemoryis512MB,VMwarerecommends
atleast2GBofmemoryforbestperformance.Youmusthaveenoughmemorytorun
thehostoperatingsystem,plusthememoryrequiredforeachguestoperatingsystem
andforapplicationsonthehostandguest.
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Chapter 16 Performance Tuning
Ifyouhavea1GBkernelwithCONFIG_BIGMEMenabledandhavemorethan1983MB
ofmemory,youcandooneofthefollowing:
Recompilethekernelasa2GBkernelbyenablingtheCONFIG_2GBoptionand
eitherpasstheboottimeswitchmem=1983MattheLILOpromptoradditto
lilo.conf.Tousetheswitch,dooneofthefollowing:
AttheLILOprompt,typelinux-2.2.16xxx mem=1983M.
Editlilo.conf.Inthekernelsection,addthisline:
append mem="1983M"
Passtheboottimeswitchmem=959MattheLILOpromptoraddittolilo.confto
disableCONFIG_BIGMEM.Tousetheswitch,dooneofthefollowing:
append mem="959M"
Ifyouareusinga2GBkernelwithCONFIG_BIGMEMenabledandhave1984MBor
morememory,Workstationdoesnotrun.Youcaneitherpasstheboottimeswitch
mem=1983MattheLILOprompt,oraddittolilo.conftodisableCONFIG_BIGMEM
andthusallowyoutorunWorkstation.Tousetheswitch,dooneofthefollowing:
append mem="1983M"
Disks
Forbestperformance,avoidthesituationofverylowfreespaceonthehostdisk.
PerformancecandegradeconsiderablywhenWorkstationhastouseanearlyfullhost
harddisktodovariousvirtualdiskoperationssuchasgrowtheguestsparsedisk,take
asnapshot,orappendtoredofiles.
Enabling Host Disk Caching on Microsoft Windows Hosts

OnWindowshosts,theDiskPropertiesPoliciespageassociatedwitheachharddrive
providesacheckboxforenablingwritecachingonthediskand,insomecases,
enablingadvancedperformanceonthedisk.Checkingoneorbothoftheseboxescan
improvehostdiskperformanceingeneral.Checkingthemforthehostdiskscontaining
VMwarevirtualdiskfilescanimproveVMwarediskperformanceinparticular,
especiallywhenVMwareismakingheavyuseofthedisk.Thefollowingprocedure
providesinstructionsforusingthesesettingsonaWindowsXPhost.
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CPU
DisconnectingtheCDROMonpage 373
ConfiguringProcessSchedulingonWindowsHostsonpage 373
Disconnecting the CD-ROM

DisconnectingCDROMdevicesreducesCPUusage.ConfigureyourvirtualCDROM
drivetostartdisconnected.Thedriveappearsinthevirtualmachine,butitalways
appearstocontainnodisk(andWorkstationdoesnotconnecttoyourhostCDROM
drive).
TouseaCDROMinthevirtualmachine,chooseVM>RemovableDevices,and
connecttheCDROMdrive.
To configure the virtual CD-ROM to start disconnected
1
Thevirtualmachinecanbepoweredonoroff.
ChooseVM>Settings>Hardware>DVD/CDROM.
IntheCDROMsettingspanel,deselecttheConnectatpoweroncheckboxand
clickOK.
YoucanalsousetheVM>RemovableDevicesmenutodisconnectyourCDROMdrive
ifyoudonotneedtouseit.
Configuring Process Scheduling on Windows Hosts

Bydefault,theprocesseswithinavirtualmachinecontendequallyforresourceswith
allotherprocessesrunningonthehost,regardlessofwhetherornotthemouseand
keyboardaregrabbedbythevirtualmachine.
WorkstationonaWindowshostprovidesconfigurationoptionsthatletyouadjust
schedulingprioritiestomeetyourneeds.Theseconfigurationoptionsareavailable:
Onaglobalbasis,forallvirtualmachines.UsetheWorkstationpreferenceeditor,
asfollows:FromtheWorkstationmenubar,choosetheEdit>Preferencesandclick
thePrioritytab.
Onapervirtualmachinebasis,forvirtualmachinesonwhichyouwantto
overridethedefaultglobalsetting.Usethevirtualmachinesettingseditor,as
follows:Selectthevirtualmachine,andfromtheWorkstationmenubar,choose
VM>Settings.OntheOptionstab,selectAdvanced.
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ThetypicalconfigurationusedbytheNewVirtualMachinewizardsetsreasonable
defaultsforthememory,basedonthetypeoftheguestoperatingsystemandthe
amountofmemoryinthehostcomputer.Thisvaluealsoappearsinthevirtualmachine
settingseditorastherecommendedmemoryvalue.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoralsoshowsavalueforthemaximumamountof
memoryforbestperformance.Ifyouhaveonlyonevirtualmachinerunningonthe
hostandyousetvirtualmachinememorytothisvalue,thevirtualmachinecanrun
entirelyinRAM.AvirtualmachinerunningcompletelyinRAMperformsbetterthan
avirtualmachinethatmustswapsomeofitsmemorytodisk.
Theactualmemorysizeyoushouldgivetoavirtualmachinedependsonafew
considerations:
Thekindsofapplicationsthatwillruninthevirtualmachine.
Othervirtualmachinesthatwillcontendwiththisvirtualmachineformemory
resources.
Applicationsthatwillrunonthehostatthesametimeasthevirtualmachine.
NOTEYoucannotallocatemorethan2GBofmemorytoavirtualmachinewhenthe
virtualmachinesfilesarestoredonahostfilesystemthatdoesnotsupportfilesgreater
than2GB.Forexample,thisrestrictionappliestoFATfilesystems.
Asofversion6.0ofWorkstation,thetotalamountofmemoryyoucanassigntoall
virtualmachinesrunningonasinglehostisunlimited.Themaximumamountof
memorypervirtualmachineis8GB.
Reserving Memory for Workstation

Hostoperatingsystemsdonotbehavewellwhentheyrunlowonfreememoryfortheir
ownuse.WhenaWindowsorLinuxhostoperatingsystemdoesnothaveenoughRAM
foritsownuse,itthrashes.Thatis,itconstantlyswapsdatabetweenRAMandits
pagingfileondisk.
ThesecondconfigurationparameteryoucansetisthemaximumamountofRAMthat
Workstationisallowedtoreserveforallrunningvirtualmachinescombined.Tosetthis
parameter,fromtheWorkstationmenubar,choosetheEdit>Preferencesandclickthe
Memorytab.TheRAMusedbyWorkstationincludestheRAMmadeavailabletothe
guestoperatingsystemsplusasmallamountofoverheadmemoryassociatedwith
runningavirtualmachine.
Tohelpguardagainsthavingvirtualmachinescausethehosttothrash,Workstation
enforcesalimitonthetotalamountofRAMthatcanbeconsumedbyvirtualmachines.
Somememorymustbekeptavailableonthehosttoensurethehostisabletooperate
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Disabling Page Sharing

VMwareusesapagesharingtechniquetoallowguestmemorypageswithidentical
contentstobestoredasasinglecopyonwritepage.Manyworkloadspresent
opportunitiesforsharingmemoryacrossvirtualmachines.Forexample,severalvirtual
machinesmightberunninginstancesofthesameguestoperatingsystem,havethe
sameapplicationsorcomponentsloaded,orcontaincommondata.
Withmemorysharing,aworkloadoftenconsumeslessmemorythanitwouldwhen
runningonaphysicalmachine.Asaresult,thesystemcansupporthigherlevelsof
overcommitmentefficiently.
Theamountofmemorysavedbymemorysharingishighlydependentonworkload
characteristics.Aworkloadthatconsistsofmanynearlyidenticalvirtualmachines
mightfreeupmorethan30percentofmemory,whereasamorediverseworkload
mightresultinsavingsoflessthan5percentofmemory.
Workstationmemorysharingrunsasabackgroundactivitythatscansforsharing
opportunitiesovertime.Forafairlyconstantworkload,theamountofmemorysaved
generallyincreasesslowlyuntilallsharingopportunitiesareexploited.
Althoughpagesharingdecreaseshostmemoryusage,itdoesconsumesystem
resources,potentiallyincludingI/Obandwidth.Youmightwanttoavoidthisoverhead
forguestsforwhichhostmemoryisplentifulandI/Olatencyisimportant.Todisable
pagesharing,addthefollowinglinetothevirtualmachineconfiguration(.vmx)file:
sched.mem.pshare.enable = "FALSE"
Disks
AvoidingRemoteDiskAccessonpage 377
UsingSCSIDisksRatherThanIDEDisksonpage 378
RemovingSnapshotsonpage 378
UsingPersistentModeonpage 378
Avoiding Remote Disk Access

VMwarerecommendsplacingvirtualdisksonlocalharddrivesforoptimal
performance.Ifyoumustaccessvirtualdisksoverthenetwork,usethefastestavailable
networkconnection.Alsotrythestrategydescribedinthefollowingprocedure.
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To set a virtual disk to use independent, persistent mode

1
ChooseVM>Settings.
SelectHardDiskandclickAdvanced.
TheAdvanceddialogboxopens.
IntheModesection,selecttheIndependentcheckboxandselectPersistent.
ClickOKinboththeAdvanceddialogboxandthevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
Networking
Ifyouplantooftencopylargefilesbetweenthehostandguest,youmightfindthat
usingbridgednetworkingresultsinbetterperformancethanusingNAT.Fora
discussionofthenetworkstrategies,seeNetworkBasicsonpage 274.
Additional Suggestions for Improving Performance

SelectingtheCorrectGuestOperatingSystemonpage 379
TurningOffDebuggingModeonpage 380
LoggingVirtualMachineProgressPeriodicallyonpage 381
Selecting the Correct Guest Operating System

Makecertainyouselectthecorrectguestoperatingsystemforeachofyourvirtual
machines.Tochecktheguestoperatingsystemsetting,fromtheWorkstationmenubar,
chooseVM>Settings>Options>General.
Workstationoptimizescertaininternalconfigurationsonthebasisofthisselection.For
thisreason,itisimportanttosettheguestoperatingsystemcorrectly.The
optimizationscangreatlyaidtheoperatingsystemtheytarget,buttheycancause
significantperformancedegradationifthereisamismatchbetweentheselectionand
theoperatingsystemactuallyrunninginthevirtualmachine.(Selectingthewrong
guestoperatingsystemshouldnotcauseavirtualmachinetorunincorrectly,butit
mightdegradethevirtualmachinesperformance.)
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IntheSettingssection,settheGatherdebugginginformationcontroltothe
desiredmodeandclickOK.
Thesemodesweredescribedatthebeginningofthissection.
Youdonotneedtorestartthevirtualmachineforthenewdebuggingleveltotake
effect.
Logging Virtual Machine Progress Periodically

Forbestperformance,youwillusuallynotrunWorkstationinfulldebuggingmode.
Evenifyouencounteranissuethatrequirestroubleshooting,youmightnotneedto
enabledebuggingmode.Instead,first,trythefollowingproceduretoincreasethe
amountoflogginginformationcollected.
To log progress periodically
1
ChooseVM>Settings.
IntheSettingssection,selectthecheckboxcalledLogvirtualmachineprogress
periodicallyandclickOK.
Configuring Guest Operating Systems

Thetipsinthissectionhelpyoumakeadjustmentstoimproveperformancefor
particularguestoperatingsystemsrunninginsideavirtualmachine.
CPU
AvoidCDROMdrivepollingonoldersystems.Someoperatingsystems,including
WindowsNTandWindows98,polltheCDROMdriveeverysecondorsotosee
whetheradiskispresent.(Thisallowsthemtorunautorunprograms.)Thispollingcan
causeWorkstationtoconnecttothehostCDROMdrive,whichcanmakeitspinup
whilethevirtualmachineappearstopause.
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To turn on DMA access

1
Ontheguestoperatingsystemsdesktop,rightclickMyComputer,andchoose
Propertiesfromthemenu.
Clickthe+signbesideDiskDrivestoshowyourvirtualmachinesindividual
drives.
RightclicktheentryforeachIDEdrivetoopenitsPropertiesdialogbox.
UnderSettings,selecttheDMAcheckboxandacceptanywarningWindows
displays.
RestartWindowsforthenewsettingstotakeeffect.
Turning on DMA Mode for Windows NT Guests with IDE Disks

SomeusershaveseenaprobleminaWorkstationvirtualmachinethatusesIDEvirtual
disksonamultiprocessorhostcomputer.TheI/Oissueisespeciallynoticeablewhen
thevirtualmachineisbooting.
YoumightimproveperformancebyenablingDMA(directmemoryaccess)onthe
virtualharddisksIDEchannelinthevirtualmachine.
IfyouhaveavirtualdiskandaDVD/CDROMattachedasmasterandslavetothe
primaryIDEcontroller(channel0)andyouwanttoenableDMA,poweroffthevirtual
machine,andusethevirtualmachinesettingseditor(fromtheWorkstationmenubar,
chooseVM>Settings>CDROM)tomovetheDVD/CDROMdrivetothesecondary
IDEcontroller(channel1)atIDE1:0.
YoucanenabletheDMAfeatureafteryoufinishinstallingWindowsNT.Youmust
installServicePack6a.DownloadDMACHECK.EXEfromtheMicrosoftWebsite
(support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/Q191/7/74.ASP)andrunit.
WhenyourunDMACHECK.EXE,clicktheEnabledoptionfortheIDEcontrollerand
channelconfiguredforthevirtualdisk.Typically,thisischannel0only,unlessyouhave
thevirtualmachineconfiguredwithmultiplevirtualdisksandnovirtual
DVD/CDROMdrive.
DonotenableDMAonanIDEchannelwithavirtualDVD/CDROMdriveattached.
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Performance Impact of Defragmenting Snapshots and Linked Clones

Theremightbeaperformanceimpactwhenyoudefragmentalinkedcloneoravirtual
machinewithasnapshot.Exactperformancedegradationdependson:
Thefragmentationoftheparentvirtualmachinediskwhenyoucreatedthe
snapshotorlinkedclone.
Thenatureofthesubsequentupdatestotheparentvirtualmachinedisk.
Theredofileitselfcanbecomedefragmentedwithrespecttothehostfilesystem.Ifyour
useofvirtualmachinesisstronglyperformanceoriented,youshouldavoid
defragmentingorusinglinkedclonesandsnapshots.
Networking
MakesureVMwareToolsisinstalled.VMwareToolsincludesmanydevicedriversthat
improveperformanceofgraphicsdisplays,mouseoperations,andnetworkoperations.
Forinstallationinstructions,seeInstallingandUpgradingVMwareToolson
page 115.
Visual Effects (Windows Only)

OnMicrosoftWindowssystems,someusershaveseenperformanceimprovements
whentheyturnoffvisualeffects.Anexampleofsuchavisualeffectisthefadeeffect
thatWindows2000,WindowsXP,andWindowsServer2003usewhendisplaying
menus.
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NOTEUsethefollowingproceduretogetandenableaparavirtualizedkernel.
To use paravirtualized kernels
1
TogetaVMIenabledkernel,downloadtheCDimageofUbuntu7.04(Feisty)or
laterfrom:
http://www.ubuntu.com/getubuntu/download
Usethestandardimagefor32bitIntelx86computers.VMIiscurrently32bitonly.
UseWorkstationsNewVirtualMachinewizardtocreateaWorkstation6virtual
machinewiththeguestoperatingsystemtypeUbuntu.
Forstepbystepinstructions,seeUsingtheNewVirtualMachineWizardon
page 94.MakesurethehardwareversionisWorkstation6.
Afteryoufinishcreatingthevirtualmachine,enableparavirtualkernelsupport,as
follows:
a
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Settings.
OntheOptionstab,clickAdvanced,andintheSettingssection,selectthe
checkboxcalledEnableVMwareparavirtualkernelsupport.
Donotclosethevirtualmachinesettingseditoryet.
SetthevirtualmachinetousetheISOimageyoudownloadedinStep 1:
a
OntheHardwaretab,selectCDROM,andintheConnectionsection,select
UseISOimage.
BrowsetoandselecttheISOimageyoudownloadedinStep 1.
ClickOKtosaveyoursettingsandclosethevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
PoweronthevirtualmachineandinstalltheLinuxoperatingsystemfromtheISO
file.
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Specifywhethertoaddallcountersorselectspecificcountersfromthelist.
IfyouselectSelectcountersfromthelist,alsoclickAddtodisplaytheinformation
inthePerformanceconsole.
NOTEForabriefdescriptionofeachcounter,clickExplain.Whenyouselecta
counterfromthelist,adescriptionappearsbelowtheAddCountersdialogbox.
Specifywhethertoviewinformationforallvirtualmachinesorspecificones.
Forspecificvirtualmachines,selectSelectinstancesfromlist,andchoosethe
virtualmachinesyouwant.Thenamesshowninthelistcorrespondtothedisplay
namesofrunningvirtualmachines.
FormoreinformationaboutusingthePerformanceconsole,fromthePerformance
consolemenubar,chooseAction>Help,orgototheMicrosoftWebsite.
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17
Special-Purpose
Configuration Options for
Windows Hosts
17
Thischapterdescribeshowtouseconfigurationoptionsforsuchthingsasrestricting
theoperationsausercanperformwithavirtualmachineorsimplifyingtheuser
interfaceforinexperiencedusers.Inaclassroom,forexample,youcanensurethat
virtualmachineconfigurationsremainconsistentfromoneclasssessiontothenext.
LockingOutInterfaceFeatures(WindowsHostsOnly)onpage 391
RestrictingtheUserInterfaceonpage 392
UsingFullScreenSwitchMode(WindowsHostsOnly)onpage 395
GuestACPIS1Sleeponpage 405
Locking Out Interface Features (Windows Hosts Only)

Administrativelockoutisaglobalsettingthataffectsallvirtualmachinesforallusers
onahostcomputer.Itallowsyoutoconfiguresettingssothatonlyauserwhoknows
thepasswordcanperformoneormoreofthefollowingtasks:
Createnewvirtualmachines.
Editvirtualmachineconfigurations.
Editnetworksettings.
Ifnouserhassetadministrativelockoutpreferences,anyusercansetthemandseta
passwordforaccesstotheadministrativelockoutfeatures.Ifanyuserhasalreadyset
administrativelockoutpreferences,youmustknowthepasswordinordertochange
thesettings.
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Chapter 17 Special-Purpose Configuration Options for Windows Hosts
Thechangesneededtoenabletherestricteduserinterfacemustbemadebyauserwith
sufficientprivilegestoeditthevirtualmachinesconfigurationfileandtosetfile
permissionsasdescribedinthefollowingprocedure.
To enable the restricted user interface
1
PoweroffthevirtualmachineandclosetheVMwareWorkstationwindow.
Openthevirtualmachinesconfigurationfile(.vmxfile)inNotepadoranothertext
editor.
Addthefollowinglineanywhereinthefile:
gui.restricted = "TRUE"
Optionally,setfilepermissionsontheconfigurationfiletogivenormalusersofthe
systemonlyreadaccesstothefile,sotheycannotmanuallymodifythe
configuration.
Createashortcuttotheconfigurationfileonthedesktopandgiveitanappropriate
name.
NOTEAlthoughtherestricteduserinterfaceprovidesnoaccesstomenuandtoolbar
controlsforthesnapshot,youcangiveuserslimitedsnapshotcontrol.Ifyousetupa
snapshotfortherestrictedvirtualmachineandsetthepoweroffoptiontoAskMe,the
userseesthestandarddialogboxwhenshuttingdownavirtualmachineandhasthe
opportunitytochooseJustPowerOff,TakeSnapshot,orReverttoSnapshot.
Automatically Returning to a Snapshot with a Restricted User

Interface
Youcancombinearestricteduserinterfacewithasnapshottoensurethatusersvirtual
machinesalwaysstartinthesamestate.Typically,usersrunningavirtualmachinewith
arestricteduserinterfacecanpoweritonandoffonly,andthevirtualmachineboots
whenpoweredon.Whenthevirtualmachinehasasnapshotsetandisconfiguredto
returntothatsnapshotwhenpoweredoff,theusercanonlystartandpoweroffthe
virtualmachine.Thevirtualmachinealwaysstartsfromthesnapshot.
To set up a virtual machine with a restricted user interface (Windows only)
1
Poweronthevirtualmachineandbesureitisinthestateyouwant.
Createasnapshot.
Forinstructions,seeTakingaSnapshotonpage 235.
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Using Full Screen Switch Mode (Windows Hosts Only)

FullscreenswitchmodeisaruntimeoptionfortheVMwareWorkstationprogramon
Windowshosts.WhenWorkstationisrunninginfullscreenswitchmode,theuserhas
noaccesstotheWorkstationuserinterface.Theusercannotcreate,reconfigure,or
launchvirtualmachines.Asystemadministratorperformsthesefunctions.
WhenWorkstationisrunninginfullscreenswitchmode,oneormorevirtualmachines
canberunning,andyoucanusehotkeystoswitchfromonetoanother.Youcanalso
providehotkeyaccesstothehostoperatingsystem.
NOTEFullscreenswitchmodeisenabledforWindowshostsonly.Linuxhostsdonot
havefullscreenswitchmode.
Creating a Virtual Machine for Use in Full Screen Switch Mode

Tocreatenewvirtualmachines,runWorkstationinstandardmode.Theinstructionsin
thissectionassumethatyouarecreatingthevirtualmachinesonaseparate
administrativecomputer.Ifyouprefer,createthevirtualmachinesdirectlyontheusers
computer.
To create a virtual machine that will be used in full screen switch mode
1
CreatethenewvirtualmachinefollowingtheinstructionsinTocreateavirtual
machinebyusingthecustomsetuponpage 95.
AsyoucompletetheNewVirtualMachinewizard,makethefollowingchoices:
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InStep 3,IntheSelecttheAppropriateConfigurationpage,selectCustom
andclickNext.,onpage 96,selectCustomtoperformacustominstallation.
InStep 6,OntheNametheVirtualMachinepage,selectanameandfolder
forthevirtualmachineandclickNext.,onpage 96,makeanoteofthefolder
inwhichyoucreatethevirtualmachine.Youmustcopyallthefilesinthis
foldertotheuserscomputerafteryoufinishcreatingandconfiguringthe
virtualmachine.
InStep 14,OntheSpecifyDiskCapacitypage,enterthesizeofthevirtual
disk,specifythewayyouwantthediskspaceallocated,andclickNext.,on
page 97,specifythesizeforthevirtualdiskandselectAllocatealldiskspace
now.Thisselectionisstronglyrecommended.Ifyoudonotmakethis
selectionandthehostcomputersharddiskrunsoutofspaceforagrowing
virtualdiskfile,theuserseesnowarningmessageanddoesnotknowwhatis
causingtheprobleminthevirtualmachine.
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Theglobalconfigurationfilegetscreatedwhenyouchangeanyofthedefaultsettings
intheWorkstationpreferenceseditor(Edit>Preferences).Thisfileiscreatedinthe
followinglocation:
OnmostWindowshosts:
C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\VMware\VMware
Workstation\config.ini
OnWindowsVistahosts:
C:\Users\All Users\Application Data\VMware\VMware Workstation\config.ini
NOTEFullscreenswitchmodeisenabledforWindowshostsonly.Foryour
information,however,onLinux,thisfileislocatedin:
/etc/vmware/config
To specify global configuration settings for full screen switch mode

1
Iftheconfig.inifiledoesnotyetexistonyourhostcomputer,choose
Edit>PreferencesfromtheWorkstationmenubarandchangeatleastoneofthe
settingsinthepreferenceeditor.
Opentheconfig.inifilewithatexteditorandaddthefollowingline:
msg.autoAnswer = "TRUE"
(Optional)Specifyotherfullscreenswitchmodesettingsyouwanttouse.
Tospecifyhotkeysforswitchingtoothervirtualmachinesorthehostcomputer,
first,seeVirtualKeyCodesonpage 398.Next,seeHotKeyforCycling
ThroughVirtualMachinesandtheHostComputeronpage 399andHost
OperatingSystemHotKeyonpage 400.
AlsoseeOtherEntriesintheGlobalConfigurationFileonpage 401.
Saveandclosethefile.
Setpermissionsonthisfilesothatotheruserscannotchangeit.
Openthepreferences.inifilewithatexteditorandaddthefollowinglines:
pref.fullScreen.v5 = "TRUE"
pref.autoFitFullScreen = "fitGuestToHost"
OnmostWindowshosts,thisfileislocatedin:
%USERPROFILE%\Application Data\VMware\preferences.ini
OnWindowsVistahosts,thisfileislocatedin:
%USERPROFILE%\AppData\Roaming\VMware\preferences.ini
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Whenlistingakeyplusamodifier,typethevirtualkeycodeforthekeyfollowedbya
comma,andtypethevalueforthemodifierkeyorkeys.Forexample,thevalueentry
forCtrl+Shift+F1is0x70,0x6.
NOTEKeepthefollowinglimitationsinmindwhendefiningcyclekeysandswitch
keys:
DonotusethePausekeywiththeCtrlkey.YoucanusethePausekeywithother
modifierkeys.
IfyouuseF12,youmustuseoneormoremodifierkeys.YoucannotuseF12alone.
YoucannotusecombinationsthatincludeonlytheShift,Ctrl,andAltkeys.These
keyscanbeusedonlyasmodifiersincombinationwithsomeotherkey.
Hot Key for Cycling Through Virtual Machines and the Host Computer
Youcanspecifyahotkeyorhotkeycombinationforcyclingthroughtheavailable
virtualmachinesonahostcomputer.Hotkeysbehaveinthefollowingmanner:
Eachtimeyoupressthespecifiedhotkey,thescreendisplaysthenextvirtual
machineinorder.Youcanalsoincludethehostoperatingsysteminthecycle.
Ifanyparticularvirtualmachineisnotrunning,itisskipped.
Ifonlyonevirtualmachineisrunningandthehostoperatingsystemisnot
includedinthecycle,pressingthehotkeyhasnoeffect.
Thehotkeyforcyclingthroughvirtualmachinesisdefinedintheglobalconfiguration
file(config.ini).Twooptionscontrolcycling:
FullScreenSwitch.cycleKey
Thevalueofthisoptiondefinesthehotkey.Itisspecifiedas<key>,<modifier>.
Thereisnodefault.Forexample,tousethePausekeywithnomodifiertocycle
throughvirtualmachines,addthefollowinglinetotheconfig.inifile,ormodify
itsvalueiftheoptionisalreadylisted.
FullScreenSwitch.cycleKey = "0x13,0x0"
FullScreenSwitch.cycleHost
SetthisoptiontoTRUEtoincludethehostoperatingsysteminthecycle.The
defaultisFALSE.Forexample,toincludethehostoperatingsysteminthecycle,
addthefollowinglinetotheconfig.inifile,ormodifyitsvalueiftheoptionis
alreadylisted:
FullScreenSwitch.cycleHost = "TRUE"
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Other Entries in the Global Configuration File

Thefollowingentriesintheglobalconfigurationfile(config.ini)areoptional.They
enableyoutocontrolcertainfunctionsofthevirtualmachinethatareimportantin
workenvironmentswherevirtualmachinesneedtobeisolatedfromeachotherand
fromthehostcomputer:
Isolation.tools.copy.enable
Thisoptiondetermineswhetherdatainonevirtualmachineorthehostoperating
systemcanbecopiedinawaythatallowsittobetransferredtoanothervirtual
machineortothehostoperatingsystem.ThedefaultsettingisTRUE(suchcopying
isallowed).
Thesettingforthisoptionshouldbethesameasthesettingfor
Isolation.tools.paste.enable(below).
Isolation.tools.paste.enable
Thisoptiondetermineswhetherdatacopiedinonevirtualmachineorthehost
operatingsystemcanbepastedintoanothervirtualmachineorthehostoperating
system.ThedefaultsettingisTRUE(suchpastingisallowed).
Thesettingforthisoptionshouldbethesameasthesettingfor
Isolation.tools.copy.enable(above).
Isolation.tools.HGFS.disable
Thevalueofthisoptiondetermineswhethervirtualmachinescanbeconfigured
withsharedfolders,forsharingfilesamongvirtualmachinesandwiththehost
computer.ThedefaultsettingisFALSE(sharedfoldersareenabled).
mks.CtlAltDel.ignore
SetthispropertytoTRUEsothatdialogboxesusuallygeneratedbyMicrosoft
WindowsSecureAttentionSequence(SAS)arenotdisplayedbutarepassedonto
theguestiftheguesthaskeyboardfocus.
mks.fullscreen.allScreenSaver
SetthispropertytoTRUEtoallowthehostoperatingsystemtorunitsscreensaver
whenitdeterminesthatthemachineisidle.
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Forexample,tostartavirtualmachineandspecifythatitsdirectswitchkey
combinationisCtrl+Shift+F1,usethefollowingcommand:
vmware-fullscreen -poweron -directkey=0x70,0x6 "<config-file>"
Enterthecompletecommandononeline.
Use-fullscreenwithout-powerontostartavirtualmachineandgostraighttofull
screenswitchmode.Thevirtualmachinetakesoverthedisplayimmediately,insteadof
runninginvisiblyuntiltheuserswitchestoitlater.
Stopping a Virtual Machine

Useeitherofthefollowingcommandstoshutdownthespecifiedvirtualmachine:
vmware-fullscreen -poweroff "<config-file>"
vmware-fullscreen -poweroff <alias>
Youcanspecifythepathtotheconfiguration(.vmx)file,oryoucanspecifythealiasif
youused-name=whenyoustartedthevirtualmachine.
Stopping All Virtual Machines

Usethefollowingcommandtopoweroffallvirtualmachinescleanly:
vmware-fullscreen -exit
Workstationexitsassoonasallthevirtualmachineshavepoweredoff.
Switching Among Virtual Machines and the Host

Useoneofthefollowingcommandstoswitchtothespecifiedvirtualmachine:
vmware-fullscreen -switchto "<config-file>"
vmware-fullscreen -switchto <alias>
vmware-fullscreen -switchto host
vmware-fullscreen -switchto next
Dependingonwhichcommandyouuse,youcanswitchtothespecifiedvirtual
machine,tothehostoperatingsystem,ortothenextmachine(virtualmachineorhost)
inthecyclingorder.Avirtualmachinemustbepoweredonbeforeyoucanswitchtoit.
Whenspecifyingavirtualmachine,youcanspecifythepathtotheconfiguration(.vmx)
file,oryoucanspecifythealiasifyouused-name=whenyoustartedthevirtual
machine.
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Guest ACPI S1 Sleep

WorkstationprovidesexperimentalsupportforguestoperatingsystemACPIS1sleep.
Notallguestoperatingsystemssupportthisfeature.Commonguestoperatingsystem
interfacesforenteringstandbyaresupported.
Bydefault,ACPIS1sleepisimplementedwithinWorkstationassuspend.Youcanuse
theWorkstationResumebuttontowaketheguest.
Withthefollowingentryintheconfiguration(.vmx)fileforavirtualmachine,ACPIS1
sleepisinsteadimplementedaspoweronsuspend:
chipset.onlineStandby = TRUE
Theguestoperatingsystemisnotfullypowereddown.Youcanawakenthevirtual
machine:
Usingkeyboardinput
Usingmouseinput
ThroughprogrammingtheCMOSexternaltimer
Thisfeaturecanbeusefulfortestanddevelopmentscenarios.
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Workstation Command-Line
Reference
Thisappendixdiscussesthecommandlineoptionsthatareavailableforthevmware
programandthevmrunprogram.Thisappendixcontainsthefollowingtopics:
StartupOptionsforWorkstationandVirtualMachinesonpage 407
CommandLineApplicationforOperatingVirtualMachinesonpage 409
Forinformationabutusingthevmware-fullscreencommandtousefullscreen
switchmode,seeStartingandStoppingVirtualMachinesontheUsersComputeron
page 402.
Startup Options for Workstation and Virtual Machines

Table A1describesoptionsavailablewhenyourunVMwareWorkstationfromthe
commandline.YoucantypethesecommandsinaLinuxterminalwindoworatthe
Windowscommandprompt.Youcanalsocreatescriptstorunmultiplecommands.
Thesyntaxforthiscommandis:
OnaLinuxhostoperatingsystem:
/usr/bin/vmware [-n] [-x] [-X] [-m] [-t] [-q] [-s <variablename>=<value>]
[-v]
[/<path_to_virtual_machine>/<virtual_machine_name>.vmx]
[X toolkit options]
OnaWindowshostoperatingsystem:
C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Workstation\Programs\vmware.exe [-B] [-n]
[-x] [-X] [-t] [-q] [-s <variablename>=<value>] [-v]
[<path_to_virtual_machine>\<virtual_machine_name>.vmx]
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Appendix A Workstation Command-Line Reference
Using Startup Options in a Windows Shortcut

Themostconvenientwaytousethestartupoptionsistoincorporatethemintothe
commandgeneratedbyaWindowsshortcut.
Tocreatetheshortcut,rightclicktheshortcutandclickProperties.IntheTargetfield,
addanyswitchesyouwanttouseafterthevmware.exefilename.Forexample,the
followingcommandlaunchestheWindowsMevirtualmachinespecified,powersiton,
andswitchestofullscreenmode.
"C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Workstation\Programs\vmware.exe -X
C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\My Documents\My Virtual
Machines\Windows Me\Windows Me.vmx"
Enclosetheentirecommandstringinquotationmarks.
NOTETheconfigurationfilehasa.vmxextensionbydefault.
Command-Line Application for Operating Virtual

Machines
VMwareWorkstationincludesaseparateapplication,vmrun,foroperatingteamsor
virtualmachinesfromthecommandline.Tolaunchthevmrunapplication,fromthe
commandprompt,enter:vmrun COMMAND [OPTION].
BeforeusingthevmruncommandonaWindowshost,youmustdooneofthe
following:
ChangeyourworkingdirectorytotheVMwareWorkstationdirectory.Thedefault
locationis:
c:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Workstation
AddtheVMwareWorkstationdirectorytothesystempath.OnWindows2000and
XP,youcanchangethissettingat
ControlPanel>System>Advanced>EnvironmentVariables>System
variables>Path
Valid vmrun commandsandoptionsaredescribedinTable A2.

Ifauthenticationisrequiredintheguestoperatingsystem,usethefollowing
authenticationflags,asappropriate:
-gu <userName in guest OS>
-gp <password in guest OS>
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Table A-2. vmrun Commands and Parameters (Continued)

Command
revertToSnapshot
Description
Parameters
Gotoasnapshotinavirtualmachine.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
[snapshotname]
Ifasnapshothasauniquenamewithina
virtualmachine,reverttothatsnapshot
byspecifyingthepathtothevirtual
machinesconfigurationfileandthe
snapshotname:
[Pathto.vmxfile][snapshotname]
or
[Pathto.vmxfile]
[snapshotname1/
snapshotname2]
Ifseveralsnapshotshavethesamename,
youcanstillspecifyasnapshotby
includingapathnameforthesnapshot
name.Apathnameisaseriesofsnapshot
names,separatedbyforwardslash
characters(/).Eachnamespecifiesa
differentsnapshotinthetree.
Forexample,supposeyouincludethe
pathnameSnap1/Snap2.Thiswill
identifyasnapshotnamedSnap2that
wastakenfromthestateofaroot
snapshotnamedSnap1.
Becauseyoucanusetheforwardslashin
apathname,VMwarerecommendsthat
youavoidusingtheslashcharacterwhen
younameasnapshotbecausethismakes
itdifficultforyoutopredictwhich
snapshotapathnamewillidentify.
Guest Operating System Commands
runProgramInGuest
fileExistsInGuest
setSharedFolderState
Runaprogramintheguestoperating
system.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
[Program[Program
arguments]]
Checkwhetherthespecifiedfileexistsin
theguestsystem.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
Modifythelocationofafoldershared
betweenthehostandguest.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
[Pathtofileinguest]
[Sharename]
[Newpathtofolderon
host]
addSharedFolder
Addafoldertobesharedbetweenthe
hostandguest.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
[Sharename]
[Pathtofolderonhost]
removeSharedFolder
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Removeafoldersharedbetweenthehost
andguest.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
[Sharename]
411
WithvirtualmachinesthatrequireinputthroughaVMwareWorkstationdialogbox,
vmrunmighttimeoutandfail.TodisableWorkstationdialogboxes,insertthefollowing
lineintotheconfiguration(.vmx)fileforavirtualmachine:
msg.autoAnswer = TRUE
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Using the Eclipse Integrated

Virtual Debugger
TheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggerprovidesaconfigurableinterfacebetween
Eclipseandvirtualmachines,makingiteasytodevelopanddebugapplicationsthat
runinmultipleoperatingsystemenvironmentsonasinglePC.Debuggingyour
applicationsinvirtualmachinesenablesyoutoreproduceandrecorderrorswhile
maintainingtheintegrityofthehostmachine.Youcanperformtypicaldebuggingtasks
suchaspausingatbreakpoints,steppingthroughcode,andviewingandmodifyingthe
stateofyourapplication,allwithoutimpactingthehostenvironment.
Thisappendixcontainsthefollowingsections:
OverviewoftheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggeronpage 415
SettingUptheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggerEnvironmentonpage 417
ManagingVirtualMachineLaunchConfigurationsonpage 421
RunningandDebuggingApplicationsinVirtualMachinesonpage 425
Overview of the Eclipse Integrated Virtual Debugger

TheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggerenablesyouto:
Managelaunchconfigurationsettingsforapplicationexecutionanddebuggingin
virtualmachines.
Startanapplicationdebuggingsessioninavirtualmachine.
Startanapplicationinavirtualmachinewithoutdebugging.
Startadebuggingsessionthatattachestoaprocessalreadyrunninginavirtual
machine.
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Appendix B Using the Eclipse Integrated Virtual Debugger
Setting Up the Eclipse Integrated Virtual Debugger

Environment
Reviewtherequirementsandrecommendationsinthissectionbeforefollowingthe
instructionsinChapter 2,InstallingVMwareWorkstation,onpage 47toinstallthe
EclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggerasanoptionalcomponentofWorkstation6.This
sectiondescribestherequirementsforhostandguestsystems,Eclipse,andtheJava
RuntimeEnvironment(JRE).
DuringWindowsinstallation,ifEclipseisnotinstalledin
C:\Program Files\EclipseorC:\Eclipse,youmustusetheCustomsetupto
selecttheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggercomponentandspecifytheEclipse
directorylocation.
DuringLinuxinstallation,youmustoverridethedefaultvalueofNowhenprompted
byvmware-config.pltoinstalltheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebugger.
WhenyouinstalltheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebugger:
TheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggerplugin,ivd.jar,FoundryJava
bindings,andtheplugin.xmllaunchconfigurationfileareplacedinthe
com.vmware.bfg_1.0.0subdirectoryoftheEclipseplugindirectory.
AfteryourestartEclipse,theDebugmenuincludesthenewlaunchconfiguration
typesVMwareattachtoapplicationandVMwareexecuteJavaapplication.
TheselaunchconfigurationtypeshaveaVMwaretabthatenablesyoutoconfigure
virtualmachinesettings.
Youcandebuginmultiplevirtualmachinessimultaneously.Youcanalsodebug
multiplesessionsinasinglevirtualmachine.
Host System Requirements

TheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggercanrunonanysupportedhostoperating
systemthatisrunningWorkstation6andhasEclipseinstalled.Eclipsemustberunning
onthesamesystemasWorkstation6.SeeEclipseRequirementsforadditionalEclipse
requirements.
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Eclipse Requirements
YoumusthaveEclipse3.2or3.3installedonthehost.OnWindowsVistahosts,you
musthaveEclipse3.2.2or3.3installed.
TheJavalanguageissupported.YoucannothaveGCJJavainstalledontheguest
operatingsystem.
ReviewVirtualMachineRequirementsforinformationaboutguestsystem
requirements.
Virtual Machine Requirements

TheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggerissupportedonanyWorkstation6virtual
machinethatisrunningasupportedWindowsorLinuxguestoperatingsystem.
Supported Guest Operating Systems

Thissectionprovidesasimplifiedlistofguestoperatingsystemssupportedfor
debugginginvirtualmachines.Forthemostrecentlistofsupportedguestoperating
systems,includingdetailedinformationaboutthespecificoperatingsystemversions,
servicepacks,andupdatessupported,seetheVMwareGuestOperatingSystem
InstallationGuide,athttp://pubs.vmware.com/guestnotes/.Thisguidealsoprovides
notesoninstallingthemostcommonguestoperatingsystems.
Operatingsystemsthatarenotlistedarenotsupportedfordebugginginavirtual
machine.
ThefollowingWindows32bitguestoperatingsystemsaresupported:
WindowsVista(allexceptVistaHomeEdition,whichcannotberuninavirtual
machineduetoMicrosoftlicensingrestrictions)
WindowsServer2003,EnterpriseEditionandR2
WindowsXPProfessionalandHomeEdition
Windows2000Professional
Windows2000Server
Windows2000AdvancedServer
ThefollowingWindows64bitguestoperatingsystemsaresupported:
WindowsVistax64Edition(3Deffectsnotyetsupported)
WindowsServer2003x64Edition
WindowsXPProfessionalx64
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Disabling the Firewall on Linux Guest Systems

YoumustdisablethefirewallonLinuxguestoperatingsystems.TheEclipseIntegrated
VirtualDebuggeropensanavailableport(searchingfromport49152)foreach
debuggingsession.
Configuring the Firewall on Windows Guest Systems

Ifyouareusinga1.4.xJREonWindowsguestsystems,youmusteitherdisablethe
firewallorallowincomingconnectionstotheJVM.IfyouhaveaWindowssystem
(suchasWindowsXPSP2,Windows2003,andWindowsVista)thatallowsyouto
configureexceptionstothefirewall,youcanaddtheJVMtotheexceptionslist.
To add the JVM to the exceptions list
1
ChooseStart>ControlPanel>WindowsFirewallandselecttheExceptionstab.
ClickAddProgramandbrowsetotheJavaexecutable.
ClickOK.
NOTEOnWindowsVistaguests,youmighthavetorestartthefirewallafter
configuringittoallowincomingconnectionstotheJVM.
Managing Virtual Machine Launch Configurations

Youcanmanageconfigurationsettingsforeachvirtualmachineinwhichyouwantto
debugapplications.EclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggerlaunchconfigurations
determinewhichvirtualmachinetoruntheapplicationinandhowtheapplicationis
executed.
ThelaunchconfigurationtypesVMwareattachtoapplicationandVMwareexecute
JavaapplicationhaveaVMwaretab.ThevaluesyouenterintheVMwaretab
determinevirtualmachineconfigurationsettings.Onceconfigured,youcanstartand
attachtoapplicationsinvirtualmachinesfromtheEclipseDebugandRunmenus.
ChooseRun>Debugtomanagelaunchconfigurations.Youcancreate,duplicate,edit,
andremoveconfigurations.
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(Optional)Indicateactionstobeperformedbeforetheapplicationislaunched:
SelectSetvirtualmachinestatetomostrecentsnapshottoreverttothemost
recentsnapshotbeforetheapplicationislaunched.
SelectRunscriptandenteroneormoreshellcommandstobeexecutedinthe
guestoperatingsystembeforetheapplicationislaunched.Nosyntax
checkingisperformed.Eitherenteronecommandperline,orentermultiple
commandsonthesamelineusingasemicolonasaseparator.
(Optional)Indicateactionstobeperformedaftertheapplicationhasterminated:
SelectRunscriptandenteroneormoreshellcommandstobeexecutedinthe
guestoperatingsystemaftertheapplicationhasterminated.Nosyntax
checkingisperformed.Eitherenteronecommandperline,orentermultiple
commandsonthesamelineusingasemicolonasaseparator.
SelectSetvirtualmachinestate,andselectoneofthefollowingoptions:
tosuspended(default)
tomostrecentsnapshot
topoweredoff
ClickApply.
IfyouclickRevert,settingsreverttopreviousvalues.
Ifnewlycreated,thelaunchconfigurationisaddedtotheleftpane.
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Deleting Configurations
Youcanremoveanexistingconfiguration.
To remove a configuration
1
ChooseRun>Debug.
TheDebugpageisdisplayed.Youcancreate,manage,andrunconfigurations
fromthispage.
Intheleftpane,selectoneormoreconfigurationsyouwanttodeleteandclickthe
Deleteselectedlaunchconfiguration(s)iconatthetopofthepane.
Theconfigurationisremovedintheleftpane.
Running and Debugging Applications in Virtual Machines

Onceyouhavecreatedtheappropriatelaunchconfigurations,theEclipseIntegrated
VirtualDebuggerenablesyouto:
Startanapplicationinavirtualmachinewithoutdebugging.
Startadebuggingsessionthatattachestoaprocessalreadyrunninginavirtual
machine.
Starting an Application Debugging Session in a Virtual Machine

Youcandebuganapplicationinanyconfiguredvirtualmachine.
To start a debugging session in a virtual machine
1
Beginthesessioninoneofthefollowingways:
FromtheDebugmenu,choosetheconfigurationfortheapplicationyouwant
tostartdebugging.
IntheDebugpage,selecttheconfigurationunderVMwareexecuteJava
applicationintheleftpaneandclickDebugintherightpane.
Performdebuggingtasksasyouwouldinalocaldebuggingenvironment.
NOTEDonotsuspendavirtualmachinewhiletheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebugger
isconnectedtoanapplication.Ifyoudo,theEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggerwill
disconnectfromtheapplication.
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Using the Visual Studio

Integrated Virtual Debugger
TheVisualStudioIntegratedVirtualDebuggerprovidesaconfigurableinterface
betweenVisualStudioandvirtualmachines,makingiteasytodevelopanddebug
applicationsthatruninmultipleWindowsoperatingsystemenvironmentsonasingle
PC.Debuggingyourapplicationsinvirtualmachinesenablesyoutoreproduceand
recorderrorswhilemaintainingtheintegrityofthehostmachine.Youcanperform
typicaldebuggingtaskssuchaspausingatbreakpoints,steppingthroughcode,and
viewingandmodifyingthestateofyourapplication,allwithoutimpactingthehost
environment.
Thischaptercontainsthefollowingsections:
OverviewoftheVisualStudioIntegratedVirtualDebuggeronpage 427
SettingUptheVisualStudioIntegratedVirtualDebuggerEnvironmenton
page 430
ManagingVirtualMachineConfigurationsonpage 437
RunningandDebuggingApplicationsinVirtualMachinesonpage 442
Overview of the Visual Studio Integrated Virtual Debugger

TheVisualStudioIntegratedVirtualDebuggerenablesyouto:
Manageconfigurationsettingsforapplicationexecutionanddebugginginvirtual
machines.
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Appendix C Using the Visual Studio Integrated Virtual Debugger
Copyingfilesorfoldersfromthehosttothevirtualmachine.
Revertingthevirtualmachinetotheparentsnapshot.
Runningspecifiedpreexecutioncommandsontheguest.Forexample,ifyou
mustregisternewDLLsinthevirtualmachineeachtimetheprogramis
recompiled,youcancreateaDLLregistrationscriptandspecifythatitmust
berunduringsetup.
(Optional)Actionstoperformafteranapplicationinavirtualmachineis
terminated,including:
Runningspecifiedpostexecutioncommands(forexample,toperform
cleanuptasks)intheguest.
Settingthevirtualmachinestateto:
Nooperation(remainpoweredon,noshutdownaction)
Poweredoff
Theparentsnapshot
Suspended
Configuration Options When Attaching to a Process Running in

a Virtual Machine
Toconfigureadebuggingsessionthatattachestoaprocessalreadyrunninginavirtual
machine,youcanspecifythefollowingintheAttachtoProcessdialogbox:
Thenameofthevirtualmachine(.vmxconfigurationfile).
ThelocationoftheRemoteDebugMonitoronthehost.
ThenameoftheRemoteDebugMonitorontheguest.
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Microsoft Visual Studio Requirements and Recommendations

ThissectionincludesrequirementsandconfigurationrecommendationsforVisual
Studio.
VisualStudiomustberunningonthesamesystemasWorkstation6.
Supported Versions of Visual Studio

OnlyVisualStudio2005ProfessionalandTeamSystemseditionsaresupported.These
versionsofVisualStudioallowremotedebuggingonWindowssystems,withthe
exceptionsofWindowsNTandWindowsVistaStarterEdition.TheVisualStudio
IntegratedVirtualDebuggerusesthefeaturesoftheRemoteDebugMonitor
(msvsmon.exe)tocommunicatewiththeguestoperatingsystem.
VMwarerecommendsthatyouinstallVisualStudio2005SP1.Formoreinformation,
seehttp://msdn2.microsoft.com/enus/vstudio/bb265237.aspx.
ForimportantinformationaboutrunningVisualStudio2005onWindowsVista,see
http://msdn2.microsoft.com/enus/vstudio/aa972193.aspx.
RunningtheVisualStudioIntegratedVirtualDebuggeronWindowsVistaStarter
Editionisnotsupported.ForinformationaboutissuesrunningVisualStudioon
WindowsVistaStarterEdition,see
http://msdn2.microsoft.com/enus/vstudio/aa964140.aspx#question46.
Supported Languages
TheC/C++(NativeandManaged),C#,andVisualBasiclanguagesaresupported.
Configuring the Runtime Library Setting for C++ Applications

Whenyoudebugonaphysicallyremotemachineorinavirtualmachine,the
applicationmightnotstartiftheruntimelibrarysettingissettocertainvalues.Ifyou
encounterthisproblem,changetheC++runtimelibrarysetting.
To update the Visual Studio runtime library setting
1
ChooseProject>Properties.
ExpandConfigurationProperties>C/C++andselectCodeGeneration.
SetCodeGenerationtoRuntimeLibrarypropertytoMultithreaded(/MT)or
MultithreadedDebug(/MTd).
Foradditionalinformation,see
http://msdn2.microsoft.com/enus/library/ms235624.aspx.
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Configuring the Firewall on Windows XP SP2 Virtual Machines

WindowsXPSP2systemshavethefirewallenabledbydefault.Todebuginavirtual
machinewithWindowsXPSP2,youmustdisablethefirewallorconfigureit
appropriately.VMwarerecommendsdisablingthefirewall.Virtualmachinesare
protectedbehindthehostfirewall.
ForinformationonsettingupremotedebugginginVisualStudiousingWindowsXP
SP2withthefirewallenabled,see
http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;%5BLN%5D;833977#2020
Configuring User Accounts

LogintotheguestoperatingsystemwithanAdministratoraccount.Usethesamelocal
ordomainuseraccountonthehostmachinetologintotheguestoperatingsystem.
NOTETheusername,password,anddomainname(ifnotlocalonbothsystems)must
matchonthehostandtheguest.OtherwisetheRemoteDebugMonitorontheguest
willnotbeabletocommunicatewiththeVisualStudiodebuggeronthehost.
ForadditionalinformationonsettingupWindowsuseraccountsforremote
debugging,seehttp://msdn2.microsoft.com/enus/library/ms164725.aspx.
NOTECommunicationbetweenVisualStudioandtheguestoperatingsystemisnot
initiateduntilthevirtualmachineispoweredonandtheconfigureduserisloggedin.
ThisuserrunstheRemoteDebugMonitorontheguest,whichinturncommunicates
withtheVisualStudiodebuggeronthehost.
Topreventatimedelay,poweronthevirtualmachineandlogintotheguestoperating
systembeforedebugginginavirtualmachine.Youcansetupautomaticlogintobypass
theloginscreenwhentheguestisbooting,asdescribednext.
Setting the Password Policy
Windowshasadefaultsecurityfeaturethathelpsprotectuserswithblankpasswords
fromnetworkbasedattacks.Userswhodonotpasswordprotecttheiraccountscanlog
inonlyattheirphysicalcomputerconsole:themonitor,keyboard,andmousethatis
physicallyconnectedtotheircomputer.Thisrestrictionappliesonlytolocaluser
accounts,nottodomainuseraccounts.
Forinformationonhowtodisableblankpasswordrestrictions,see
http://support.microsoft.com/?id=303846.
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Installing and Starting the Remote Debug Monitor Manually on Windows

98 Guest Systems
Toenabledebugginginavirtualmachine,theVisualStudioIntegratedVirtual
DebuggersharesthehostfolderthatcontainstheRemoteDebugMonitor,andrunsthat
RemoteDebugMonitorontheguest.OnWindows98,itisnotpossibletorunthe
RemoteDebugMonitor(oranyexecutable)fromasharedfolder.Anattempttodoso
generatestheerror:The remote debugger is not properly installed. On a
Windows ME or Windows 98 computer, the debugger cannot be run off a
file share. Run the remote debugger setup.
Instead,youmustmanuallyinstallandstarttheRemoteDebugMonitorexecutable,
msvsmon.exe,ontheguestoperatingsystembeforestartingadebuggingsession.You
cancopymsvsmon.exetotheguestbeforestartingthedebugsession,createamapping
toanetworksharewiththehostwheremsvsmon.exeislocated,orinstallmsvsmon.exe
fromtheVisualStudio2005installationCD.YoumustalsoruntheRemoteDebug
Monitorwithoutauthenticationandusethedefaultport,4015.
To start the Remote Debug Monitor without authentication on the default port
1
Runthecommand
msvsmon.exe /noauth
Verifythatyouareusingport4015byconfirmingthatRemoteDebugMonitor
displaysthemessageMsvsmon started a new server named
'<guest_name>:4015'. Authentication is disabled. Waiting for new
connections.
BecauserunningtheRemoteDebugMonitorontheguestsystemwithout
authenticationposesasecurityriskforthatguest,itisrecommendedthatyoutakea
snapshotfirstandsetReverttoParentSnapshottoYesinPostDebugEventor
PreDebugEventproperties,asdescribedinSettingConfigurationPropertieson
page 439.
Duetosharedfolderlimitations,youmustalso:
SetRunCommandAstoaguestpath.Thisproperty,whichindicateshowthe
commandbeingexecutedbythedebuggerisrun,isdescribedinSettingGeneral
Propertiesonpage 439.
LeaveSharedDirectoriesunset,becausedirectoriescannotbesharedbetweenthe
hostandtheguest.ThispropertyisdescribedinSettingVirtualMachine
Propertiesonpage 440.
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InC#andVB,chooseProjectPropertyPages>Debug.MakesureStartprojectis
selectedandUseremotemachineisdeselected.
Optionally,removeanysharedfoldersthatwereusedtorunthedebugcommandand
theRemoteDebugMonitor.Sharedfoldersareusuallyremovedattheendofa
debuggingsession,buttheymightnotberemovedinthefollowingcircumstances:
Ifthedebuggingsessioncausesacrash.
Ifthevirtualmachineispoweredoffwhilethedebuggingsessionisstillrunning.
Thesesharedfoldersaretypicallyreusedwhenanotherdebuggingsessionisstarted,
sothiscleanupisnotrequired.
Managing Virtual Machine Configurations

Beforeyoucanstartordebugapplicationsinavirtualmachine,youmustcreateor
modifyvirtualmachineconfigurationsandsetconfigurationproperties.TheDefault
configurationinitiallyincludesthedefaultvaluesforallpropertiesthathavethem.
ChooseVMware>Optionstomanageconfigurations.Youcancreate,rename,and
removeconfigurationsasdescribedinthissection,andyoucansetandmodify
configurationpropertiesforexistingconfigurationsasdescribedinSetting
ConfigurationPropertiesonpage 439.
TheconfigurationselectedintheConfigurationdropdownmenuistheonebeing
editedintheconfigurationpages,whiletheconfigurationselectedintheActive
ConfigurationdropdownmenuistheoneusedwhenyouchooseVMware>Startor
VMware>StartWithoutDebugging.
Creating Configurations
Thissectiondescribeshowtocreateanewconfiguration.
To create a new configuration
1
ChooseVMware>Options.
ClicktheNewiconnexttotheConfigurationdropdownmenu.
IntheNewConfigurationpage,typeanameforthenewconfiguration.
Chooseaconfigurationtocopysettingsfrom.
Thedefaultselectionis<Default>,whichincludesthedefaultvaluesforall
propertiesthathavethem.
ClickOK.
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Setting Configuration Properties

Youcaneditconfigurationpropertiesforaspecificconfigurationbychoosingthe
configurationnamefromtheConfigurationdropdownmenu.Youcanalsoedit
configurationpropertiesforallconfigurationsbychoosingAllConfigurationsfrom
theConfigurationdropdownmenu.
TheDefaultconfigurationinitiallyincludesthedefaultvaluesforallpropertiesthat
havethem.
Setting General Properties

Generalpropertiesinclude:
ThecommandtobeexecutedbyVisualStudiointheguestoperatingsystem.
Howthecommandisrun:asapathonthehostinasharedfolderorasapathon
theguest.
ThelocationoftheRemoteDebugMonitoronthehost.
ThenameoftheRemoteDebugMonitorontheguest.
To set general properties

1
ChooseVMware>Options,andselectGeneralintheleftpane.
SetCommandtothecommandtobeexecutedbythedebuggerintheguestsystem.
ClickBrowsetoselectapathtotheexecutableonthehostfilesystem.
Thecommanddirectoryisautomaticallysharedbetweenthehostandtheguest.
SetRunCommandAstoindicatehowthedebugcommandisrun:eitherasahost
paththroughasharedfolderoraguestpath.
Whenahostpaththroughasharedfolderisselected,thefolderwherethe
commandislocatedissharedbeforethedebuggingsessionisstarted.The
commandisexecutedfromthesharedfolder,andwhenthedebuggingsession
ends,thefolderisnolongershared.Thenameofthesharedfolderis
\\.host\Shared Folders\$(ProjectName)<random_number>.
Whenaguestpathisselected,thecommandisexecutedfromthespecifiedpath
ontheguest.
Thedefaultisahostpaththroughasharedfolder.
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(Optional) Setting Pre-Debug Event Properties

PreDebugEventpropertiesdeterminewhichactionsareperformedbeforethedebug
commandisrun.Allofthesesettingsareoptional.
To configure actions to perform before beginning debugging
1
ChooseVMware>Options,andselectPreDebugEventintheleftpane.
SetReverttoParentSnapshottoYesorNo.
IfsettoYes,thevirtualmachinerevertstoitsparentsnapshotwhenthedebugging
sessionisstarted.
ThedefaultisNo.
SetCopyFilestoasemicolondelimitedlistofpairedfileordirectorynamesthat
arecopiedfromthehosttotheguestmachineintheform
<host_machine_file/folder>=<virtual_machine_file/folder>.
ClickBrowsetoselectfromfilesonthesystem.
Allspecifiedfilesarecopiedbeforeanypredebuggingcommandsareexecuted.
SetCommandLinetooneormoresemicolondelimitedcommandsthatarerun
afterfilesarecopied(asdescribedintheprecedingstep)andbeforethedebugging
sessionstarts.
ClickBrowsetoentercommandsusingadialogbox.
(Optional) Setting Post-Debug Event Properties

PostDebugEventpropertiesdeterminewhichactionsareperformedafterthedebug
commandisterminated.Allofthesesettingsareoptional.
To configure actions to perform after debugging has occurred
1
ChooseVMware>Options,andselectPostDebugEventintheleftpane.
SetCommandLinetooneormoresemicolondelimitedcommandsthatarerun
afterthedebuggingsessionends.
ClickBrowsetoentercommandsusingadialogbox.
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SetTerminationModeto:
Nooperation(default)
Poweroff
Reverttoparentsnapshot
Suspend
441
To start an application in a virtual machine without debugging

ChooseVMware>StartWithoutDebugging.
NOTEYoumustlogintotheguestsystemmanuallybeforeyoucanrunthe
application.Foradditionalinformation,seeConfiguringUserAccountsonpage 433.
Theapplicationisstartedinthevirtualmachine.
Attaching the Debugger to a Process Running in a Virtual

Machine
Youcandebuganapplicationthatisalreadyrunninginavirtualmachine.
To attach the debugger to a running process
1
ChooseVMware>AttachtoProcess.
TheAttachtoProcesspageisdisplayed.
ChoosethevirtualmachineonwhichtoviewrunningprocessesfromtheRunning
VirtualMachinesdropdownmenu.
Onlyvirtualmachinesthatarepoweredonappearinthedropdownmenu.
SetRemoteDebugMonitortothelocationoftheRemoteDebugMonitoronthe
host.
ThedefaultistheVisualStudioinstalledpath,typically:
\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\Common7\IDE\Remote Debugger\x86\
msvsmon.exe
Usethedefaultremotedebugmonitorifyouaredebugginga32bitprocessina
32bitvirtualmachine.
Ifyouwanttodebuga32bitprocessina64bitvirtualmachine,usetheRemote
DebugMonitor:
\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\Common7\IDE\Remote
Debugger\x86\msvsmon.exe
Ifyouwanttodebuga64bitprocessina64bitvirtualmachine,usethe64bit
RemoteDebugMonitor:
\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\Common7\IDE\Remote
Debugger\x64\msvsmon.exe
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Glossary
administrativelockout
AglobalsettingprovidingpasswordprotectionforWindowshosts.
Administrativelockoutrestrictsusersfromcreatingnewvirtualmachines,editing
virtualmachineconfigurations,andchangingnetworksettings.
bridgednetworking
Atypeofnetworkconnectionbetweenavirtualmachineandtherestoftheworld.
Underbridgednetworking,avirtualmachineappearsasanadditionalcomputer
onthesamephysicalEthernetnetworkasthehost.Seealsohostonlynetworking.
clone
Aduplicatecopyofavirtualmachine.Seealsofullclone,linkedclone.
CloneVirtualMachinewizard
Apointandclickinterfaceforconvenient,easyduplicationofavirtualmachine
withinVMwareWorkstation.Seealsofullclone,linkedclone.
configuration
Seevirtualmachineconfigurationfile.
customnetworking
Anytypeofnetworkconnectionbetweenvirtualmachinesandthehostthatdoes
notusethedefaultbridged,hostonly,ornetworkaddresstranslation(NAT)
networkingconfigurations.Forinstance,differentvirtualmachinescanbe
connectedtothehostbyseparatenetworksorconnectedtoeachotherandnotto
thehost.Anynetworktopologyispossible.
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Glossary
HK
headless
Describesaprogramthatrunsinthebackgroundwithoutanyinterfaceconnected
toit.Arunningvirtualmachinethathasnoconsoleconnectionsisrunning
headless.
hostonlynetworking
Atypeofnetworkconnectionbetweenavirtualmachineandthehost.Under
hostonlynetworking,avirtualmachineisconnectedtothehostonaprivate
network,whichnormallyisnotvisibleoutsidethehost.Multiplevirtualmachines
configuredwithhostonlynetworkingonthesamehostareonthesamenetwork.
Seealsobridgednetworking,customnetworking,networkaddresstranslation
(NAT).
hostmachine
ThephysicalcomputeronwhichtheVMwareWorkstationsoftwareisinstalled.It
hoststheVMwareWorkstationvirtualmachines.
hostoperatingsystem
Anoperatingsystemthatrunsonthehostmachine.Seealsoguestoperating
system.
independentdisk
Atypeofvirtualdiskthatisnotaffectedbysnapshots.Youcanconfigure
independentdisksinpersistentandnonpersistentmodes.Seealsononpersistent
mode,persistentmode,snapshot.
LM
LANsegment
Aprivatevirtualnetworkthatisavailableonlytovirtualmachineswithinthesame
team.Seealsovirtualnetwork,team.
linkedclone
Acopyoftheoriginalvirtualmachinethatsharesthevirtualdiskswiththe
originalvirtualmachineinanongoingmanner.Seealsofullclone.
lockout
Seeadministrativelockout.
NO
networkaddresstranslation(NAT)
Atypeofnetworkconnectionthatallowsyoutoconnectyourvirtualmachinesto
anexternalnetworkwhenyouhaveonlyoneIPnetworkaddress,andthataddress
isusedbythehostcomputer.IfyouuseNAT,yourvirtualmachinedoesnothave
itsownIPaddressontheexternalnetwork.Instead,aseparateprivatenetworkis
VMware, Inc.
447
Glossary
localharddisk.Whenavirtualmachineisconfiguredtouseaphysicaldisk,
VMwareWorkstationdirectlyaccessesthelocaldiskorpartitionasaphysical
device(notasafileonafilesystem).Itispossibletobootapreviouslyinstalled
operatingsystemonanexistingpartitionwithinavirtualmachineenvironment.
TheonlylimitationisthattheexistingpartitionmustresideonalocalIDEorSCSI
drive.Seealsovirtualdisk.
quickswitchmode
Adisplaymodeinwhichthevirtualmachinesdisplayfillsmostofthescreen.In
thismode,tabsatthetopofthescreenallowyoutoswitchquicklyfromone
runningvirtualmachinetoanother.Seealsofullscreenmode.
rawdisk
Seephysicaldisk.
record/replayfeature
ThisfeatureletsyourecordallofaWorkstation5or6virtualmachinesactivity
overaperiodoftime.UnlikeWorkstationsmoviecapturefeature,the
record/replayfeatureletsyouexactlyduplicatetheoperationsandstateofthe
virtualmachinethroughoutthetimeoftherecording.
redolog
Thefilethatstoreschangesmadetoadiskinallmodesexceptthepersistentand
independentpersistentmodes.Foradiskinnonpersistentmode,theredologfile
isdeletedwhenyoupowerofforresetthevirtualmachinewithoutwritingany
changestothedisk.Youcanpermanentlyapplythechangessavedintheredolog
toadiskinundoablemodesothattheybecomepartofthemaindiskfiles.Seealso
diskmode.
resume
Returnavirtualmachinetooperationfromitssuspendedstate.Whenyouresume
asuspendedvirtualmachine,allapplicationsareinthesamestatetheywerewhen
thevirtualmachinewassuspended.Seealsosuspend.
reverttosnapshot
Revertingtoasnapshotrestoresthestatusoftheactivevirtualmachinetoits
immediateparentsnapshot.Thisparentisrepresentedinthesnapshotmanagerby
thesnapshotappearingtotheimmediateleftoftheYouAreHereicon.SeealsoGo
toSnapshotcommand,snapshotmanager,YouAreHere(icon).
VMware, Inc.
449
Glossary
allchangestothedisk;discardthechanges,thusrestoringthedisktoitsprevious
state;orkeepthechanges,sothatfurtherchangesfromfuturesessionscanbe
addedtothelog.Seealsodiskmode.
VX
virtualdisk
Afileorsetoffilesappearingasaphysicaldiskdrivetoaguestoperatingsystem.
Thesefilescanbeonthehostmachineoronaremotefilesystem.Whenyou
configureavirtualmachinewithavirtualdisk,youcaninstallanewoperating
systemintothediskfilewithouttheneedtorepartitionaphysicaldiskorreboot
thehost.Seealsophysicaldisk.
virtualhardware
Thedevicesthatmakeupavirtualmachine.Thevirtualhardwareincludesthe
virtualdisk,removabledevicessuchastheDVDROM/CDROMandfloppy
drives,andthevirtualEthernetadapter.Youconfigurethesedeviceswiththe
virtualmachinesettingseditor.Seealsovirtualmachinesettingseditor.
virtualmachine
Avirtualizedx86compatiblePCenvironmentinwhichaguestoperatingsystem
andassociatedapplicationsoftwarecanrun.Multiplevirtualmachinescan
operateonthesamehostmachineconcurrently.
virtualmachineconfiguration
Thespecificationofwhatvirtualdevices(disks,memorysize,etc.)arepresentina
virtualmachineandhowtheyaremappedtohostfilesanddevices.
virtualmachineconfigurationfile
Afilecontainingavirtualmachineconfiguration.ItiscreatedbytheNewVirtual
Machinewizard.ItisusedbyVMwareWorkstationtoidentifyandrunaspecific
virtualmachine.
virtualmachinesettingseditor
Apointandclickeditorusedtoviewandmodifythesettingsofavirtualmachine
afteritsinitialcreation.SeealsoNewVirtualMachinewizard.
virtualnetwork
Anetworkbetweenvirtualmachineswithnodependenceonrealworldhardware
connections.Forexample,youcancreateavirtualnetworkbetweenavirtual
machineandahostthathasnoexternalnetworkconnections.Youcanalsocreate
aLANsegmentforcommunicationsbetweenvirtualmachinesonateam.Seealso
LANsegment,team.
VMware, Inc.
451
Index
Numerics
3D support 322
A
About tab
VMware Tools 139
VMware Workstation 50
ACPI 405
ACPI S1 sleep feature 405
adapter
host virtual adapters 289
in promiscuous mode on a Linux
host 305
virtual Ethernet 284
address
assigning IP 293
assigning MAC manually 297
IP in virtual machine 92
IP on virtual network 291
MAC 296
network address translation 306
using DHCP to assign 291
administrative lockout 391
AMD Athlon 64 processor 32, 45
AMD Opteron processor 32, 45
AMD Sempron processor 32, 45
AMD Turion 64 processor 32
AMD Turion processor 45
appliance view for virtual machines 170
assign
IP address 291
network port number in NAT 313
VMware, Inc.
Athlon 64 processor 32, 45

attaching to a process
for debugging 426, 443
audio 41, 327
AudioPCI 327
autofit 165
automatic bridging 285
B
background, running virtual machines
in 25, 86, 243
bandwidth
controlling, in team networks 256
LAN segment 270
battery information, reporting in
guest 160
BIOS
file in virtual machine 110
provided in virtual machine 38
.bmp files for screen captures 183
bridged networking
configuring options 285
defined 445
browser
and appliance views 170
configuring on Linux host 53
BSD
supported 32-bit guest operating
systems 44
systems 44
BT/KT-958 drivers 93
BusLogic 39, 93, 359, 366
453
Index
Converter Import wizard 100, 107, 108

converting virtual machines 24, 100
copy virtual machine 192
copyright information for
Workstation 139
CPU
host requirement 32
provided in virtual machine 38
Creative Labs 41, 327
Ctrl+Alt 344
D
DDNS 299
debugging
attaching to processes in a virtual
machine 426, 443
starting applications in virtual machine without 426
starting in a virtual machine 425,
442
default scripts for VMware Tools 138
defragmenting virtual disks 201
defragmenting virtual disks, before
shrinking 202
deleting
configurations 425
recordings of virtual machine
activity 246
snapshots 235
virtual machines 156
destinations for imported virtual
machines 105
device drivers
for generic SCSI devices 365
for USB support 356
VMware Tools 114
devices
adding a generic SCSI device 361,
362
adding, configuring, removing 181
VMware, Inc.
connecting and disconnecting 137,

182
disconnecting from USB
controller 358
generic SCSI device, adding 366
in virtual machine 181
processor 38
USB 353
Devices tab
in Preferences dialog box 83
VMware Tools 137
DHCP
assigning IP addresses on a virtual
network 291
changing settings 287
configuring on a Linux host 292
configuring on a Windows host 292
DHCPD 298
lease 288
on a virtual network with NAT 307
server 275, 288
server on virtual network 279, 280
stopping 304
dial-up connection 295
direct memory access 383
directories
mounting shared, on Linux 178
viewing shared, on Solaris
guests 177
viewing shared, on Windows
guests 177
disable
acceleration 168
copying and pasting text and
files 172
drag-and-drop of files and
folders 172
folder sharing 174
interface features 391
455
Index
sharing among virtual machines and

host 171
snapshot 111
suspended state 111
used by a virtual machine 110
used by snapshot 111
virtual machine 152
firewall 314
fit
guest 166
window 166
window to virtual machine 165
floppy
drives in virtual machine 39
image file 39, 216
floppy drive
adding to virtual machine 214
folders
in the Favorites list 77
shared, See shared folder
for displaying Workstation help 35
for playing back virtual machine
recordings 245
FreeBSD
systems 44
systems 44
VMware Tools for 130
FTP 308
full screen mode
defined 446
using 158
full screen switch mode 395
log file 404
G
gated host network 297
global configuration file 397
VMware, Inc.
graphics
See also display
support in virtual machine 39, 321
guest
autofit 165
defined 22
fit 166
guest operating system
defined 446
installing 97
support for 64-bit 45
supported 41
supported FreeBSD 32-bit 44
supported FreeBSD 64-bit 44
supported Linux 32-bit 43
supported Linux 64-bit 43
supported MS-DOS 42
supported Solaris 32-bit 44
supported Solaris 64-bit 44
upgrades 99
Windows 32-bit 42
Windows 64-bit 42
GUID Partition Table (GPT) disks 104
H
Hardware tab in virtual machine settings
editor 83
headless virtual machines (run in the
background) 25, 86, 243
help
configuring Web browser for 53
host
defined 22
hard disk space required 33
operating system, defined 447
optical drives supported 33
system requirements 32
host computer 447
457
Index
launch configurations 421

creating to attach to
applications 424
creating to start applications 422
duplicating to attach to
applications 424
duplicating to start applications 422
editing to attach to applications 424
editing to start applications 422
leak
IP packets in a virtual machine 295
IP packets in host-only network 293
licensing, serial number and 50
linked clone
moving 193
parent 252
parent as template 252
Linux
installing on Linux host 53
systems 43
systems 43
supported host operating
systems 35, 37
uninstalling Workstation on Linux
host 56
upgrading on Linux host 60
LiveState system image, importing 100
location of virtual machine files 91, 152
lock files 198
lockout
for some interface features 391
Workstation preference 82
.log file 110
log files 404
lSI Logic 39, 93, 359, 366
VMware, Inc.
M
MAC address
and clones 247
assigning manually 297
clone 251
of virtual Ethernet adapter 296
map
key code 348
keyboard 346
keysym 349
mapped drives, for virtual disks 180
master boot record (MBR) disks 104
memory
amount required on host 33
available in virtual machine 39
more than 1GB on a Linux host 370
setting size 374
swapping, to disk 376
virtual machine memory size 374
memory trimming 376
MIDI 327
migrate
virtual disks to the latest
version 119
virtual machine 61, 193
mode
full screen 158, 446
quick switch 159, 449
modifier keys 398
monitors
specifying the number of 162
using multiple 162
mouse
driver, installed by VMware
Tools 114
USB 359
movie capture 183
moving a virtual machine 190
MP3 327
459
Index
NFS ports 310

Novell NetWare
supported guest operating
systems 44
Novell Open Enterprise Server
supported guest operating
systems 44
NVRAM 110
O
Open Enterprise Server 44
operating system
32-bit Windows host 34
64-bit Windows host 35
FreeBSD 32-bit guest 44
FreeBSD 64-bit guest 44
guest 446
host, defined 447
installing guest 97
Linux 32-bit guest 43
Linux 32-bit host 35
Linux 64-bit guest 43
Linux 64-bit host 37
MS-DOS guest 42
Solaris 32-bit guest 44
Solaris 64-bit guest 44
support for 64-bit guest 45
Windows 32-bit guest 42
Windows 64-bit 42
Opteron processor 32, 45
optical drive supported in host 33
Options tab
virtual machine settings editor 84
VMware Tools 136
VMware, Inc.
P
P2V (physical-to-virtual) conversion 24,
100
packet
filtering 295
leaks 293, 295
packet loss, configuring, for LAN
segments 270
page sharing 377
parallel ports
and Iomega zip drives 334
and the Linux kernel 331
configuring on a Linux host 330
in a virtual machine 329
installing in virtual machines 329
paravirtualized kernels in Linux
guests 386
parent
clone template 252
linked clone 252
snapshot 228
passwords
and administrative lockout 391
removing forgotten password 392
performance
CD-ROM drive polling 373
debugging mode 380
disk options 382
DMA and disks 382, 383
guest operating system
selection 379
memory usage 374
process scheduling on a Windows
host 373
remote disk access 377
using the Windows Performance
console 388
performance monitoring 388
461
Index
routing
between host-only networks 304
host only 297
RPM installer for VMware
Workstation 54
S
Samba
and file sharing on a Linux host 318
modifying configuration for
Workstation 318
on both bridged and host-only
networks 319
scan code 346
scanner 359
screen colors
for VNC clients 185
setting, for virtual machines 321
screen modes
full screen 158
quick switch 159
screen resolution 167
screenshot capture 183
scripts
enabling, disabling, and
running 137, 141
running during power state
changes 141
Scripts tab
VMware Tools 137
SCSI 33
adding a generic SCSI device 361,
362, 366
avoiding concurrent access on a
Linux host 365
connecting to generic 359
devices in virtual machine 39
driver for Windows NT guest 360
driver for Windows Server 2003
guest 360
VMware, Inc.
driver for Windows XP guest 360

drivers 93, 359, 366
generic SCSI on a Linux host 365
generic SCSI on a Windows
host 359
permissions for a generic SCSI device on a Linux host 365
setting up virtual disk as 199
Sempron processor 32, 45
serial connection
between host application and virtual
machine 336
between two virtual machines 337
to a serial port on the host 335
serial number 80
for Workstation 50
serial port, installing and using 335
server
DHCP 275, 292, 307, 315
DNS 299, 307, 310
WINS 308
settings editor, virtual machine 181, 451
share
drag and drop 446
files on a Linux host with
Samba 318
shared folder
defined 450
enable and disable 174
mounting, on Linux 178
on Linux and Solaris guests 177
permissions on Linux 178
using 173
viewing 177
Shared Folders tab
VMware Tools 139
sharing virtual machines 193
shortcut, desktop, for Workstation 50
shortcuts, keyboard 87, 245
463
Index
suspend
defined 450
files 111
team 265
virtual machine 225
.sv2i file, importing 100
switch
virtual network 275
workspaces in Linux guest 344
symmetric multiprocessing
See virtual SMP
system requirements 32
display 33
memory 33
PC hardware 32
T
tabs
hide 157
in Preferences dialog box 82
in VMware Tools control panel 135
virtual machine 67
Take Recording dialog box 243
tape drive 359, 365
.tar file 128
tar installer for VMware Workstation 54
team
adding virtual machine to 262
and Favorites list 263
and LAN segments 266
cloning virtual machine from 271
closing 258
creating clone in New Team
wizard 257, 262
deleting 259
Ethernet adapters for 268
name change 259
network 256
new 257
VMware, Inc.
no clone template 253

opening 258
overview 255
power off 264
powering on 264
removing virtual machine from 263
resume 265
snapshot 271
suspend 265
technical support resources 16
Telnet 308
template mode for clones 252, 253
3D support 322
time, synchronizing, between guest and
host 136
token ring 278
toolbar
customizing 74
hide 157, 392
tools
See VMware Tools
training courses 19
Turion 64 processor 32
Turion processor 45
U
UHCI controller 40
uninstalling
VMware Tools 134
Workstation on Linux host 56
Workstation on Windows host 52
updates, checking for Workstation 78
upgrade
guest operating systems 99
Linux kernel, reconfiguring Workstation after upgrade 55
on Linux host 60
on Windows host 59
465
Index
creating a clone 249

default location of 91
defined 451
delete 156
files 152
IDE drives in
installing software in 168
migrating 193
moving 187, 190
moving SMP virtual machines 368
name change 78
platform specifications 38
portability 198
power off vs. shut down 154
recording activity of 242
removing from Favorites list 77
removing from team 263
reset vs. restart 155
resuming 225
running in the background 25, 86,
243
settings 83
shutting down 154
starting 150
starting in full screen mode 402
suspending 225
upgrade or downgrade 25, 61
upgrading 61
upgrading procedure 63
using snapshots 227
window size 165
virtual machine settings editor
defined 451
restricting access 391, 392
using 181
virtual network editor 452
Virtual PC, importing 100, 109
VMware, Inc.
virtual SMP
moving SMP virtual machines 368
using 367
virtual switch 275
virtual Symmetric Multiprocessing
See virtual SMP
VirtualCenter
and Virtual Disk Manager 217
Visual Studio
installing the Workstation plug-in
for 49
Visual Studio, integrated debugger
for 23, 169
VIX API 24
.vmc file, importing 100
.vmdk file 110, 111
.vmem file 111
VMI (Virtual Machine Interface) enabled
kernels 386
VMnet1 299
VMnet8 306
vmrun 409
.vmsd file 111
.vmsn file 111
.vmss file 111
.vmtm file 111
VMware community forums 16
vmware-config.pl 54
VMware Converter 24, 100, 102
VMware Player
running 194
sharing virtual machines with 194
VMware Tools
About tab 139
automated install 122
command-line interface 146
configuring 134
configuring in a Netware virtual
machine 139
467
Index
Windows XP
installing guest operating system 99
SCSI driver for guest 360
wizard
Add New Hardware 182
New Team 257
New Virtual Machine 79, 95, 198,
448
Workspace tab in preferences editor 82
workspaces
location of 82
switching in Linux guest 344
Workstation
checking for updates for 78
serial number for 50
starting 66
write caching 371
X
X server and keyboard mapping 346
X toolkit options 408
xFree86 and keyboard mapping 346
Z
zip drives
disconnecting 358
on a parallel port 334
VMware, Inc.
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Workstation Users Manual

About This Book

Online and Telephone Support

To run the support script on a Linux host

VMware Education Services

Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements

Overview of This Manual

Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements

Integrated Virtual Debuggers

VMware Player 2.0

Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements

Easy Upgrade or Downgrade of VMware Virtual Machines

Running Virtual Machines in the Background

Support for Multiple-Monitor Displays

Increase in Number of Ethernet Adapters Supported

New 64-Bit Sound Driver

Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements

Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements

Improved 64-Bit Guest Support

Appliance View for Virtual Appliances

Monitor the Status of a Battery from the Guest Operating

Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements

Enhanced Ability to Restrict Shared Folders

Enhanced File Sharing and Copy and Paste Functionality

Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements

Optical CD-ROM/DVD-ROM Drive

Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements

Windows Host Operating Systems (64-Bit)

Linux Host Operating Systems (32-Bit)

Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements

Linux Host Operating Systems (64-Bit)

Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements

Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements

Supported Guest Operating Systems

Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements

Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements

Support for 64-Bit Guest Operating Systems

Chapter 2 Installing VMware Workstation

To install Workstation on a Windows host

Chapter 2 Installing VMware Workstation

Installing Workstation Silently

Chapter 2 Installing VMware Workstation

Installing Workstation on a Linux Host

To install Workstation on a Linux host

Chapter 2 Installing VMware Workstation

Required Configuration Changes

Preparing for the Upgrade

Removing Snapshots and Shutting Down Suspended Virtual

Chapter 3 Upgrading VMware Workstation

Upgrading on a Windows Host

Upgrading to a Windows Vista Host

Chapter 3 Upgrading VMware Workstation

Using Workstation 4 or 5 Virtual Machines in

Using an Older-Version Virtual Machine Without Upgrading

Changing the Version of the Virtual Machine

Chapter 3 Upgrading VMware Workstation

To change the virtual hardware version of a virtual machine

Chapter 4 Learning Workstation Basics

Chapter 4 Learning Workstation Basics

Chapter 4 Learning Workstation Basics

Figure 4-4. Appliance View (Windows Host)

Displaying Multiple Virtual Machines at the Same Time

Chapter 4 Learning Workstation Basics