E.

Modalitiesofcarecasemethod
1.PrimaryNursing
Thehallmarkofthismodalityisthatonenursecaresforonegroupofpatients
witha24houraccountabilityforplanningtheircare.Inotherwords,aPrimaryNurse
(PN)caresforherprimarypatientseverytimesheworksandforaslongasthepatient
remainsonherunit.Thisisadecentralizeddeliverymodel:moreresponsibilityand
authorityisplacedwitheachstaffnurse.

2.TeamNursing
Thisisthemostcommonlyusedmodelandisstillinusetoday.Thegoalofteam
nursingisforateamtoworkdemocratically.Inthe
idealteam,anRNisassignedasaTeamLeaderforagroupofpatients.TheTeam
Leaderhasacoreofstaffreportingtoher,andtogethertheyworktodisseminatethe
careactivities.Theteammemberpossessingtheskillneededbytheindividualpatient
isassignedtothatpatient,buttheTeamLeaderstillhasaccountabilityforallofthe
care.Teamconferencesoccurinwhichtheexpertiseofeverystaffmemberisusedto
planthecare.
3.ModularNursing
ItisamodificationofteamnursingInmodularnursing,staffaregeographically
assignedtopatientsforwhomtheycoordinateandprovidecomprehensivecare.It
focusesongeographiclocationofpatientroomsandassignmentofstaffmembers.
4.FunctionalNursing
Itisataskorientedmethodwhereinaparticularnursingfunctionisassignedto
eachstaffmember.Themedicationnurse,treatmentnurseandbedsidenurseareall
productsofthissystem.Forefficiency,nursingwasessentiallydividedintotasks,a
modelthatprovedverybeneficialwhenstaffingwaspoor.Thekeyideawasfornurses
tobeassignedtotasks,nottopatients.

VIANZON,REYNALDOJR.,M.
LEADERSHIP&MANAGEMENT
BSN4

D.PatientClassificationSystem
Apatientclassificationsystemisameansofcategorizingpresentpatientsonthe
basisofcertaincareneedsthatcanbeclinicallyobservedbythenurse.
Thissystemcanserveasabasisforplanningthestaffingneedsofpatients.There
arefourcategoryinclassifyingthepatient.
Thepatientclassificationsystemisdescribedasfollow.
CategoryI:MinimalCare
MinimalCareisgiventopatientswhoareconvalescingandwhonolongerrequire
intensive,moderate,ormaximumcare.Thesepatientsstillmayneedsupervisionbya
nurseinthecourseofaday,evenifonlyatinfrequentintervals.Thiscaregroupalso
includespatientswhorequirediagnosticstudies,minimaltherapy,lessfrequent
observations,anddailycareformonitorconditions,andwhoareawaitingelective
surgeryorhavedifficultyarrangingtransportationbetweenhomeandhospital,orwhose
homeenvironmenttemporarilymakesdischargeundesirableorimpractical.
CategoryII:ModerateCare
Moderatecareisgiventopatientswhoaremoderatelyillorarerecoveringfromthe
immediateeffectsofaseriousillnessand/oranoperation.Thesepatientsrequirenursing
supervisionorsomeassistancerelatedtoambulatingandcaringfortheirownhygiene.
Theymaybeambulatoryforshortperiods.
CategoryIII:MaximumCare
ModerateCareisgiventopatientswhoneedcloseattentionthroughouttheshift,
thatis,completecareforpatientswhorequirenursingtoinitiate,supervise,andperform
mostoftheiractivitiesorwhorequirefrequentandcomplexmedicationsortreatments.
CategoryIV:IntensiveCare
Intensivecareisgiventoacutelyillpatientswhohaveahighlevelofnurse
dependency,includingthose,requiringintensivetherapyand/orintensivenursingcare
andwhoseunstableconditionrequiresfrequentevaluationwithadjustmenttherapy.