Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Takahashi et al.
(54)
(75)
May 4, 2010
4,543,177 A *
6,298,651 131*
7,347,051 132*
2002/0125173 A1
9/2002 K6116
2007/0283701 A1 * 12/2007 Yokota et a1. ............... .. 60/780
(*)
US 7,707,816 B2
10-238369 A
11-80750 A
2002-317188 A
2003-49180
9/1998
3/1999
10/2002
2/2003
* cited by examiner
(57)
(22) Filed:
(65)
US 2006/0185368 A1
(30)
(51)
(52)
(58)
(JP)
........................... .. 2005-048424
Int. Cl.
F023 43/00
ABSTRACT
(2006.01)
References Cited
U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
2,976,134 A *
3/1961
4,202,167 A *
5/1980
US. Patent
May 4, 2010
Sheet 1 015
US 7,707,816 B2
US. Patent
May 4, 2010
Sheet 2 0f 5
US 7,707,816 B2
FIG. 2
ORDINARY STARTUP
METHOD
SYSTEM HEATING
OPERATION
I
SYSTEM PRESSURE
ADJUSTMENT OPERATION
HEAVY OIL LOADING
OPERATION
V
$12
GAS
TURBINE DURING
STARTUP ?
S10
I
START GAS TURBINE
US. Patent
May 4, 2010
Sheet 3 of5
US 7,707,816 B2
FIG. 3
105
13
22
108
Il|1 ;
203
US. Patent
May 4, 2010
Sheet 4 of5
US 7,707,816 B2
FIG. 4
i
ORDINARY SHUTDOWN
L
METHOD
I
88
LEVEL IN
MODIFIED OIL TANK
ENOUGH FOR 3 HOURS OR
LONGER OPERATION OF
GAS TURBINE ?
YES
I
START GROUND FLARE
V
82
I
STOP GAS TURBINE
S9
810
GROUND
FLARE OPERATED
I)
YES
84
COOLING OPERATION
N 55
FURNACE
I
GROUND FLARE
l
81%
US. Patent
May 4, 2010
Sheet 5 of5
US 7,707,816 B2
FIG. 5
a
EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN
METHOD
I
rvSI
I
CUT OFF FUEL
S8
LEVEL IN
MODIFIED OIL TANK
ENOUGH FOR 3 HOURS OR
LONGER OPERATION OF
I
START GROUND FLARE
GAS TURBINE ?
I
BURN MODIFIED OIL IN
GROUND FLARE
83
S9
810
GROUND
FLARE OPERATED
I
YES
84
GROUND FLARE
A
~55
I
STOP HEAVY OIL COMBUSTION ~57
FURNACE
I
SHUTDOWN OVERALL SYSTEM
I
S11
I
COOLING OPERATION
US 7,707,816 B2
1
reactor.
bine system.
2. Description of the Related Art
Heavy oil contains considerable amounts of heavy metals
liquid separator.
25
tank at the time of stop of the operation of the gas turbine and
40
invention;
50
method; and
55
method.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED
EMBODIMENTS
60
65
US 7,707,816 B2
3
divided into tWo lines. The heavy oil in one line is supplied to
a heavy oil combustion furnace 74 in Which the heavy oil is
mixed With air supplied from a bloWer 36 associated With the
30
35
40
50
produced.
The pressure in the gas-liquid separator 5 is controlled to be
60
65
US 7,707,816 B2
5
a stack 53.
10
oil 108 is controlled. Like the hydrocarbon gas 107, the modi
?ed oil 108 is mixed With air compressed by the compressor
62 and is burnt, thus producing the combustion gas 114 that
drives the gas turbine 61. Resulting combustion exhaust gas is
released to the atmosphere through the stack 53.
20
25
30
in the mixing preheater 42 for heating the heavy oil and Water
to a predetermined value. If the time of about 2-3 hours is
35
40
45
the heating gas 116 to the mixing preheater 42. At the same
60
65
heating by the heating gas 116, the Water stored in the Water
US 7,707,816 B2
7
20
25
valve 19 to control the ?oW rate of the heating gas 116 so that
40
45
55
16.
60
65
US 7,707,816 B2
10
to hold the pressure in the gas-liquid separator 5 at the setting
value. As a result, the pressure in the gas-liquid separator 5
can be held constant at the setting value. Further, When the gas
turbine 61 is already started, the hydrocarbon gas ?oW control
valve 16 is opened to alloW the hydrocarbon gas 107 contain
ing the steam to ?oW into the gas turbine combustor 60 in
20
25
tion valve 28. For the ground ?are 75 for Which the supply of
the modi?ed oil 108 after being subjected to the heat
exchange is stopped, the supply of the modi?ed oil 108 stored
in the modi?ed oil tank 6 and the operation of the ground ?are
bloWer 37 are also stopped. After con?rming that the liquid
level in the modi?ed oil tank 6 supplied With the modi?ed oil
108 has elevated, the startup process advances to step S10.
In step S10, When the gas turbine 61 is already started, the
operation mode shifts to the ordinary operation at once. When
the gas turbine 61 is not yet started, the gas turbine 61 is
started using the modi?ed oil 108 stored in the modi?ed oil
30
bon gas 107 to the gas turbine combustor 60 is started and all
the amount of the hydrocarbon gas 107 is supplied to the gas
turbine combustor 60. The gas turbine system burning the
35
40
completely shut doWn after purging the heavy oil. To that end,
the gas turbine system burning the heavy-oil modi?ed fuel is
45
55
430 to 4600 C.
60
In step S8, the modi?ed oil 108 stored in the modi?ed oil
65
US 7,707,816 B2
11
12
to allow the modi?ed oil 108 to ?oW toWard the ground ?are
75, Whereby the modi?ed oil 108 supplied from the gas-liquid
separator 5 through the Water preheater 41 is introduced to the
ground ?are 75 and is burnt therein.
After step S1 or step S9, the operation of stopping the gas
turbine 61 is commenced in step 2. First, the supply of the
modi?ed oil 108 stored in the modi?ed oil tank 6 to the gas
stopped.
In step S3, the liquid level in the modi?ed oil tank 6 is
checked again to con?rm that the modi?ed oil 108 remains in
amount capable of operating the gas turbine for 3 hours or
may cause coking and clogging may occur in pipes, etc. in the
supply of the heavy oil, thereby purging the heavy oil, the
heavy component 105, and the modi?ed oil 108 Which are
20
In step S4, the heavy oil, the heavy component 105, and the
modi?ed oil 108 remaining in the lines including the mixing
preheater 42, the reactor 1, the gas-liquid separator 5, etc. are
30
35
therein.
gas 107 have been replaced With Water. The steam sole opera
tion in step S4 is continued until the above tWo points are
con?rmed.
45
After the end of step S4, the operation of cooling the entire
system is started in step S5. The depressuriZing valve 12 is
50
?ed oil;
a line for supplying the hydrocarbon gas separated by said
released through the valve 27, thus stopping the supply of the
heating gas 116 produced by the heavy oil combustion fur
55
60
US 7,707,816 B2
14
13
3. The gas turbine system burning the heavy-oil modi?ed
fuel according to claim 2, Wherein combustion gas produced
?ed oil;
a line for supplying the hydrocarbon gas separated by said
reactor.
combustion furnace.
10
sumed by said gas turbine during the period from the startup
20
fuel, the modi?ed oil stored in said modi?ed oil tank during a
period from startup of said reactor to a time When the hydro
carbon gas is obtained in said gas-liquid separator.
25