OOW DUTIES TANKERS

SOURCES OF REFERENCE

 ISGOTT – the tanker safety guide

 COSWP (general + Chapter 30)

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 QUESTIONS

 Watch-keeping type questions usually give a scenario i.e. “ a

product tanker with an IG system is preparin g for loading operations …”
 Identify the key words and address them in your answer
 There are common duties across all ship types – these should
be used BUT in addition to the ship type specific elements
 Some questions ask you to respond with reference to a
certain publication i.e:
 “With reference to the ship / shore safety checklist, list 15 of the physical
checks that must be made prior to commencement of operations”

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 SHIP SHORE SAFET Y CHECKLISTS

 They are found in ISGOTT and cover the following:

 Bulk Liquid General – physical checks
 Inert Gas System – physical checks
 Crude Oil Washing (COW)
 Tank Cleaning alongside
 Bulk Liquid Chemicals – verbal verification
 Bulk Liquid Gases – verbal verification
 Bunkering safety checklist

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“With reference to the ship / shore safety checklist, list 15 of the physical checks
that must be made prior to commencement of operations”

• There are 18 points in

the ‘general’ list and 2 in
the IG specific one
• Put any 15 down, but
include the 2 x IG items

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 “ I F T H E V E S S E L I S M O O R E D T O A N S B M S TAT E T H E C H E C K S T H E
O OW S H O U L D M A K E I N A D D I T I O N T O T H E S TA N DA R D R O U T I N E D E C K
D U T I E S D U R I N G C A R G O WAT C H ”

 Regular checks should be made on the folloiwng:

 That the vessel is not riding up on the SBM
 That the connection to the ship is not compromised
 Sea conditions are not putting excessive strain on the
moorings or hose connection
 Trim is maintained as per requirements at all times
 As vessel must be able to unmoor at short notice in an emergency the
pilot/loading master usually requires adequate midships draft and
maximum trim – 2.5 to 4 metres typically
 There is safe means of emergency escape
 Accommodation ladder on side opposite cargo hoses typically

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 SINGLE POINT MOORING

 SPM

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SBM MOORING ARRANGEMENT

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 CHEMICAL TANKERS

 (a)State the FIVE hazards associated with the carriage of

Chemicals in bulk, describing the associated precautions with
each
 (b)List the protective equipment which must be provided
aboard a chemical tanker in order to satisfy the requirements
of the IBC Code

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 THE FIVE MAIN HAZARDS
FLAMMABILITY - chemicals can have a wider
flammable range
TOXICITY - some chemicals are highly toxic
POLLUTION - some chemicals are extremely
hazardous to the marine environment
CORROSIVITY - materials of construction need
to be considered, also corrosive effect on skin
REACTIVITY - self, air, water, other cargoes

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 TOXICITY
•ABOUT 10 PERCENT OF CH.17 LISTED CARGOES
ARE CARCINOGENS
•SOME HAVE VERY LOW EXPOSURE LIMITS

•SOME REACTIVE CARGOES WILL GIVE OFF TOXIC

GASES DURING THE REACTIVE PHASE
- ACETONE CYANOHYDRIN + HEAT = CYANIDE GAS.
THIS IS NOT RECOMMENDED FOR BREATHING!

•CONSULT HAZARD DATA SHEETS

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 POLLUTION
•CONTROLLED BY MARPOL ANNEX II
•CHEMICALS PLACED INTO CATEGORIES X, Y
& Z plus ‘OTHER SUBSTANCES’ (OS’s)
•CATEGORY X THE MOST HAZARDOUS
•CONTROLS ON DISPOSAL OF RESIDUES,
SLOPS & TANK WASHINGS - some may have to
be disposed off ashore (‘pre-wash’)
•CARGO RECORD BOOK (CHEMICALS) TO BE
KEPT

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 13

ALLOWABLE DISCHARGES

 Criteria set in terms of pollution category, distance from land,

ships speed & water depth.
 Quantity allowed to be discharged varies with category
 Tankers to have ef ficient stripping arrangements
 Additional restrictions for high viscosity & solidifying
substances
REVISED POLLUTION CATEGORIES

Category Existing Ships New Buildings

>1/7/86 & < 1/1/07 > 1/1/07
X- major hazard Pre-wash Pre-wash
Strip to 100 Ltrs Strip to 75 ltrs
Y - hazard Pre-wash for high Pre-wash for high
viscosity & solidifying viscosity & solidifying
substances. Strip to substances. Strip to 75
100 ltrs. ltrs
Z- minor hazard Strip to 300 ltrs Strip to 75 ltrs

OS – not a No requirements No requirements

hazard
Underwater Only X & Y cargoes X, Y & Z cargoes
discharge
required? 14
 15

OTHER CRITERIA:

 Vessel must be en-route

 @ least 12 miles from land
 Minimum water depth 25 metres
 Ships speed not less than 7 knots
 Ef ficient stripping arrangements (proven)
 Underwater discharges required
 There are no Special Areas in Annex II anymore (except
Antarctica)
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OS’S – OTHER SUBSTANCES

 Substances that are not considered a hazard to the marine

environment
 There are only 14 : apple juice, water, glucose solutions, clay
slurr y, mollases etc.
 Listed in Ch.18 of new IBC code
 Old oil like substances have been absorbed into X,Y or Z or
are in Annex. I
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PRE-WASH

 Required for all Cat. X substances & category

Y in certain circumstances
 Tanks washed alongside after discharge in
accordance with P & A manual requirements
& witnessed by PSC appointed surveyor
 Cargo record book signed by surveyor
 Any water subsequently added (i.e through
further tank cleaning) can be discharged
overboard
 CORROSIVITY
•EFFECT ON SHIP STRUCTURE AND HUMAN SKIN

•MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION - stainless steel,

materials for gaskets etc.

•TANK COATINGS - suitable for cargoes to be carried

•EXTRA PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT PROVIDED IF

NECESSARY - details in IBC Code

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 REACTIVITY
SELF - chemical reaction gives off heat.
Polymerisation can occur. Avoid heating &
adjacent heat
AIR - inert or carry under a water ‘pad’ if
cargo is heavier than water
WATER - Tanks, pumps & lines must be
completely dry. Moisture free inert gas used.
Do not stow next to filled ballast tanks or
cargoes containing water.
OTHER CARGOES - Reactive cargoes must
be kept apart by adjacent tank or void space.
Consult Compatibility chart
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Cargo compatability chart
CARGO GROUPS
1. NON-OXIDIZING MINERAL
2. SULPHURIC ACID
3. NITRIC ACID
4. ORGANIC ACIDS
5. CAUSTICS
6. AMMONIA
7. ALIPHATIC AMINES
8. ALKANOLAMINES
9. AROMATIC AMINES
10. AMIDES
11. ORGANIC ANHYDRIDES
12. ISOCYANATES
13. VINYL ACETATE
14. ACRYLATES
15. SUBSTITUDED ALLYLS
16. ALKYLENE OXIDES
17. EPICHLOROHYDRIN
18. KETONES
19. ALDEHYDES
20. ALCOHOLS, GLYCOLS
21. PHENOLS, CRESOLS
22. CAPROLACT SOLUTION
30. OLEFINS
31. PARAFFINS
32. AROMATIC
33. MISC.HYDROCARBON
34. ESTERS
35. VINYL HALIDES
36. HALOGENATED
37. NITRILES
38. CARBON DISULFIDE
39. SULFOLANE
40. GLYCOL ETHERS
41. ETHERS
42. NITROCOMPOUNDS
43. MISCELLANEOUS WATER
EXCEPTIONS TO TABLE (CFR 46 Reviced as of Oct 1, 1998)
MEMBER OF REACTIVE GROUP
ACETONE (18)
ACETONE CYANOHYDRIN (0)
ACRYLONITRILE (15)
1 ,3 BUTYLENE GLYCOL (20)
1 ,4 BUTYLENE GLYCOL (20)
GAMMA-BUTYROLACTONE (0)
CAUSTIC POTASH 50% OR LESS (5)
CAUSTIC SODA 50% OR LESS (5)
DODECYL AND TETRADEC MIX (7)
22. CARPOLACT SOLUTIONS
11. ORGANIC ANHYDRIDES
20. ALCOHOLS, GLYCOLS
17. EPICHLOROHYDRIN
16. ALKYLENE OXIDES
1. NON-OXI MIN ACIDS
7. ALIPHATIC AMINES
9. AROMATIC AMINES
21. PHENOL, CRESOLS
8. ALKANOLAMINES
13. VINYL ACETATE
2. SULPHURIC ACID
15. SUBST ALLYLS
12. ISOCYANATES
4. ORGANIC ACID
19. ALDEHYDES
14. ACRYLATES
3. NITRIC ACID
18. KETONES
6. AMMONIA
5. CAUSTICS
10. AMIDES
X X X X X X X X X X X X 1
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 2
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 3
X X X X X X X X 4
X X X X X X X X X X X X 5
X X X X X X X X X X X 6
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 7
X X X X X X X X X X X X 8
X X X X X X 9
X X X X X X 10
X X X X X X X X 11
X X X X X X X X X X X X 12
X X X X X X 13
X X X X 14
X X X X 15
X X X X X X X X 16
X X X X X X X X 17
X X X 18
X X X X X X X 19
X X X X X 20
X X X X X 21
X X X X 22
X X 30
31
X 32
X 33
X X 34
X X 35
36
X 37
X X 38
39
X X 40
X X 41
X X X X X 42
X X 43
44
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
COMPATIBLE WITH MEMBER OF REACTIVE GROUP COMPATIBLE WITH
DIETHYLENETRIAMINE (7) ETHYLENE DIAMINE (7) BUTYL ALCOHOL (20)
ACETIC ACID (4) TERT BUTYL ALCOHOL (20)
TRIETHANOLAMINE (8) BUTYLENE GLYCOL (20)
MORPHOLINE (7) CREOSOTE (21)
ETHYLAMINE (7) DIETHYLENE GLYCOL (40)
TRIETHANOLAMINE (8) ETHYL ALCOHOL (20)
N-METHYL-2-PYRROLIDONE (9) ETHYLENE GLYCOL (20)
ETHYL & METHYL ALCOHOL (20) ETHYL HEXANOL (20)
ETHYLENE GLYCOL (20) GLYCERINE (20)
ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL (20) ISONONYL ALCOHOL (20)
ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL (20) ISOPHORONE (18)
ISO-OCTYL AND ISO BUTYL ALCOHOL (20) METHYL BUTYL KETONE (18)
BUTYL ALCOHOL (20) METHYL ISO-BUTYL KETONE (18)
TERT BUTYL ALCOHOL, METHANOL MIX METHYL ETHYL KETONE (18)
ISO-DECYL AND DECYL ALCOHOL (20) PROPYL ALCOHOL (20)
DIACETONE ALCOHOL (20) PROPYLENE GLYCOL (20)
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL (40) OLEUM (0) HEXANE (31)
ETHYL ALCOHOL (20) DICHLOROMETHANE (36)
WHISKEY 40% (20) PERCHLOROETHYLENE (36)
ETHYLENE GLYCOL (20) 1,2 PROPYLENE GLYCOL (20) DIETHYLENETRIAMINE (7)
ETHYLENE GLYCOL, DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MIX (20) POLYETHYLENE POLYAMINS (7)
ETHYL HEXANOL (OCTYL ALCOHOL) (20) TRIETHYLEENEETETRAMINE (7)
METHYL ALCOHOL (20) SODIUM DICHROMATE 70 % (0) METHYL ALCOHOL (20)
NONYL AND ISO NONYL ALCOHOL (20) SODIUM HYDROSULFIDE (5) ISO PROPYL ALCOHOL (20)
PROPYL ALCOHOL (20) SULPHURIC ACID (2) COCONUT OIL (34)
PROPYLENE GLYCOL (20) COCONUT ACID OIL (34)
20
SODIUM CHLORATE (0) PALM OIL (34)
ISO-TRIDECANOL (20) TALLOW (34)
TALL OIL FA (34) SULPH ACID 98 % OR LESS (2) CHOICE WHITE GREASE TALLOW (34)
 21

MAASGUSAR 14/3/89

Caustic Soda + Acrilonitrile

(substituted alyll) mixed in
pumproom
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BUNKERING – APPLICABLE TO ALL SHIPS

 A vessel is in port loading cargo. She is to take bunkers from

a barge which will tie up to the starboard side
 List the precautions that should be observed by the OOW prior to
commencement of bunkering (10 marks)
 State the immediate action that should be taken in the event of a spill of
bunkers (8 marks)
 State the document in which the spill should be recorded (2 marks)

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List the precautions that should be observed by the OOW prior to
commencement of bunkering (10 marks)

 E n s u r e b a r g e i s s e c u r e l y m o o r e d to t h e v e s s e l
 A d e q u a te i l l u mi n a t i on a t n i g h t
 Safe means of access from barge
 Deck scuppers plugged
 E s t a b l i s h c o m m s . W i t h b a r g e , m a n i fo l d a n d t a n k s o u n d i n g s t a t i o n
 B u n ke r h o s e p r o p e r l y p o s i t i o n e d a n d c o n n e c te d – b o l t i n ev e r y f l a n g e h o l e a n d n o
ex c e s s i v e s t r a i n o n h o s e
 U n u s e d b u n ke r c o n n e c t i o n s b l a n ke d a n d s e c u r e d
 Emergency signals agreed and emergency procedures established
 Po s t n o s m o k i n g s i g n s
 D ay / n i gh t s i g n a l s s h o w n – B r av o f l a g / r e d l i g h t
 F F E p l a c e d a t m a n i fo l d
 S u f fi ci e n t p e r s o n n el a v a i l a b l e f o r o p e r a t io n
 SOPEP equipment out
 P r e - b un ke r i n g c h e c k l is t c o m p l ete d
 R e l eva n t e n t r i e s i n l o g b o o k m a d e

1 m a r k e a c h f o r a ny 1 0

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State the immediate action that should be taken in the event of a spill of
bunkers (8 marks)
State the document in which the spill should be recorded (2 marks)

 Initiate emergency stop

 Sound general alarm
 Stop all cargo operations
 Inform Master
 Communicate with barge and inform them of emergency
 Take any steps to secure safety of ship and personnel
 Deploy FFA if required
 Deploy SOPEP equipment
 Attend to any casualties
 ( 1 m a r k e a c h f o r a ny o f t h e a b o v e = 8 m a r k s )

 Oil Record Book Pt. 1 (1 mark for ORB, 1 mark for Pt.!)

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ISGOTT BUNKERING CHECK LIST

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