Deadline for Submission: 12 Midnight Saturday 8 August

Instructions:
1. Your exam must include a header line above Question 1 on the first page in the following format (precisely, but with your information):

Final Exam
Jonathan Student K01234567 (jonathan.student@gmail.com) login: myrtle
2. The exam is not timed. You can spend as much time as you need in preparing and writing your answers.
3. Answer all five questions. Read the questions carefully and be sure to address all parts of each of the five questions.
4. Do not include the questions with your exam.
5. Your exam must include a Literature Cited section at the end. You should cite the course website and the course textbook at the very minimum, plus all
other sources you consulted that enabled you to write the exam.
6. Your exam must be at least 1,500 words in length. An exam shorter than 1,500 words will have point deductions of 1 point for every 15 words, or portion
thereof, that it is short the 1,500 word minimum. Only the actual answers are included in the word count, not the header and Literature Cited
sections. There is no maximum word count. Your answers must be text only--no illustrations, graphs, photos, etc. Submitting short answers
generally means you have not provided sufficient depth and detail, and you will likely lose points on content in addition to losing points for low
word count--double jeopardy. Judging from past student performance, exams that earn 90 to 100 points are usually over 2000 words in length.
7. Your exam should make use of the scientific vocabulary presented in the course website and textbook. It must be carefully edited for spelling and
grammar, have a high degree of accuracy of information, and be written at the college level.
8. Submit your exam to Turnitin.com (see instructions on the Assignments page of the course website) no later than 12 midnight Saturday 8 August.
Communicate with me immediately if there is a problem meeting this deadline.
9. Not submitting the Final Exam will result in a failing grade for the course.

Question 1 (20 points)

Describe in detail the life cycle of Polypodium, a typical fern (illustrated in the textbook). Also, describe in detail the life cycle of Pinus, a typical conifer
(illustrated in the textbook). Point out the significant similarities between these life cycles, the significant differences between them, and the significant
assets and liabilities of life cycles with, or without, seeds.
Question 2 (20 points)
Describe and discuss the first land flora that evolved on Earth. Your answer should also include the following:
a. References to geologic time of origin and/or decline of this flora
b. Factors that may have influenced the distribution, success and/or decline of this flora.
c. Names and brief descriptions of important phyla and genera that dominated this flora.
Question 3 (20 points)
Describe and discuss the second flora (the Coal Age Flora) that evolved on Earth. Your answer should also include the following:
a. References to geologic time of origin and/or decline of this flora.
b. Factors that may have influenced the distribution, success and/or decline of this flora.
c. Names and brief descriptions of important phyla and genera that dominated this flora.
Question 4 (20 points)
Describe and discuss the third land flora (the Gymnosperm Flora) that evolved on Earth. Your answer should also include the following:
a. References to geologic time of origin and/or decline of this flora.
b. Factors that may have influenced the distribution, success and/or decline of this flora.
c. Names and brief descriptions of the most important phyla and genera that dominated this flora.
Question 5 (20 points)
Describe and discuss the fourth land flora (the Angiosperm Flora) that evolved on Earth. Your answer should also include the following:
a. References to geologic time of origin of this flora.
b. Factors that may have influenced the distribution and success of this flora (Hint: pollination and seed dispersal mechanisms, including coevolution
of the animal groups often involved in these mechanisms, should be a prominent feature of your answer).
c. Names and brief descriptions of some of the most important groups that dominate this flora.