Anaconda

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This article is about snakes. For other uses, see Anaconda (disambiguation).

Green anaconda
An anaconda is a large snake found in tropical South America. Although the name applies to a
group of snakes, it is often used to refer only to one species in particular, the common or green
anaconda, Eunectes murinus, which is one of the largest snakes in the world.
Anaconda may refer to:

Any member of the genus Eunectes, a group of large, aquatic snakes found in South
America
o Eunectes murinus, the green anaconda, the largest species, is found east of the
Andes in Colombia, Venezuela, the Guianas, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil and
Trinidad and Tobago.
o Eunectes notaeus, the yellow anaconda, a small species, is found in eastern
Bolivia, southern Brazil, Paraguay and northeastern Argentina.
o Eunectes deschauenseei, the darkly-spotted anaconda, is a rare species found in
northeastern Brazil and coastal French Guiana.
o Eunectes beniensis, the Bolivian anaconda, the most recently defined species, is
found in the Departments of Beni and Pando in Bolivia.
The giant anaconda is a mythical snake of enormous proportions said to be found in
South America.
Any large snake that "constricts" its prey (see Constriction), if applied loosely, was called
anaconda,[1] though this usage is now archaic.

Etymology
The South American names anacauchoa and anacaona were suggested in an account by Peter
Martyr d'Anghiera but the idea of a South American origin was questioned by Henry Walter
Bates who, in his travels in South America, failed to find any similar name in use. The word
anaconda is derived from the name of a snake from Ceylon (Sri Lanka) that John Ray described
in Latin in his Synopsis Methodica Animalium (1693) as serpens indicus bubalinus anacandaia
zeylonibus, ides bubalorum aliorumque jumentorum membra conterens.[2] Ray used a catalogue
of snakes from the Leyden museum supplied by Dr. Tancred Robinson, but the description of its
habit was based on Andreas Cleyer who in 1684 described a gigantic snake that crushed large
animals by coiling and crushing their bones.[3] Henry Yule in his Hobson-Jobson notes that the

word became more popular due to a piece of fiction published in 1768 in the Scots Magazine by
a certain R. Edwin. Edwin described a tiger being crushed and killed by an anaconda when in
fact tigers never occurred in Sri Lanka. Yule and Frank Wall noted that the snake was in fact a
python and suggested a Tamil origin anai-kondra meaning elephant killer.[4] A Sinhalese origin
was also suggested by Donald Ferguson who pointed out that the word Henakandaya (hena
lightning/large and kanda stem/trunk) was used in Sri Lanka for the small whip snake (Ahaetulla
pulverulenta)[5] and somehow got misapplied to the python before myths were created.[6][7][8]
The name commonly used for the anaconda in Brazil is sucuri, sucuriju or sucuriuba.[9]