Vision IAS Prelims

Vision IAS Prelims
11/08/15 3:22 pm
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Total Attempted
62
100
Q. No. Question
Which of the following is
associated with the decline in
vulture population?
1. Increase in the population

of Feral Dogs
2. Increased risk of diseases
like Rabies and Anthrax.
3. It has adversely aected
Mahadi Community's
traditional customs of final
rites.
4. Contamination of drinking
Water.
Correct
34
Incorrect
28
Score
52
Rank
3649/6095
Percentile
40.15*
Average Score
57.08*
Answer, Diculty and Nature

c
not
attempted
Dicult
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis
Good Score
85(+/-5)
Your Answer
Exp.
and Marks
(question_analysis.php?
test_id=1674&package_id=1276&compare_with=3&qid=21788&et1=1&et2=9)
Select the correct answer using

the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 1, 2 and 4 only
http://www.ajayvision.com/html/student/pt/test_result.php?test_id=1674&package_id=1276&compare_with=3
Drinking water has

been contaminated
due to the rotting of
carcasses in village
fields. The
disappearance of
vultures has allowed
other species such as
rats and feral dogs to
take their place.
These newly
abundant scavengers
are not as ecient as
vultures they become
carriers of pathogens.
These wild dogs
carry diseases like
Rabies and Anthrax.
Vulture play a major
role in the final rites
of the Parsi
Page 1 of 89
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(d) 2, 3 and 4 only
What was the main demand of

Home Rule Movement?
(a) Complete political
Independence of India.
(b) To free the local

administration of India from the
British.
(c) Implementing the of Act of
1909 as soon as possible in
India.
community. The
vulture consume the
dead body (it is
believed that it
liberates the soul).
d
Easy
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
d
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:17
Sec.
Right of self rule as

given to the white
colonies was the
main demand of
Home rule
movement.
a
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:41
Sec.
1st Statement is
incorrect : Buddhism
has contributed in
sanskrit literature but
as far as language is
concerned, it is
associated with
development of Pali
Language. The
Buddhist texts like
Sutta Pitaka, Vinaya
Pitaka and
Abhidhamma Pitaka
and several others
were written in Pali
(d) Right of self rule as given to

the white colonies.
Consider the following

statements:
1. Development of Sanskrit
Language.
2. Education through
Nalanda, Taxila and
Vikramasila.
3. Concept of Ahimsa
4. Spread of Indian culture to
other parts of Asia.
c
Easy
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
Which of the above is/are the

contribution of Buddhism to
Indian Culture?
(a) 1, 2 and 4 only
Page 2 of 89
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(b) 2 and 3 only
language, whereas
Mahabivasha was
written in Sanskrit.
Sariputta Prakarana
Vajra Suchi and
Sutralankara etc.
were other Sanskrit
books on Buddhism.
(c) 2, 3 and 4 only

(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
2nd statement is
correct: It promoted
education through
residential
universities like those
at Taxila, Nalanda
and Vikramasila.
3rd statement is
correct:The concept
of Ahimsa was its
chief contribution.
Later, it became one
of the cherished
values of our nation.
4th statement is
correct: It had also
promoted the spread
of Indian culture to
other parts of Asia.
Its contribution to the art

and architecture of India
was notable. The stupas at
Sanchi, Bharhut and Gaya
are wonderful pieces of
architecture. Buddhism
takes the credit for the
chaityas and viharas in
dierent parts of India.
Consider the following:
not
attempted
Tholkappiyam refers
to the five-fold
Page 3 of 89
Vision IAS Prelims
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
11/08/15 3:22 pm
Kurinji
Mullai
Marudam
Neydal
Palai
Which of the following is correct

about the above mentioned five
divisions?
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
division of lands Kurinji (hilly tracks),

Mullai (pastoral),
Marudam
(agricultural), Neydal
(coastal) and Palai
(desert). The people
living in these five
divisions had their
respective chief
occupations as well
as gods for worship.
(a) Name of the Chief deities

(b) Division of Land
(c) Dierent occupations of
Dravidians
(d) Caste divisions
With reference to 'Project

Destination Flyways', which of
the following statements is/are
correct?
1. The term 'Flyways' refers
to the major international
airways along which there
is a massive movement of
tourists.
2. The project lays emphasis
on protecting migratory
birds while creating
innovative tourism and
livelihood options.
not
attempted
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
Select the correct answer from

the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
The 'Project
Destination Flyways'
(launched on World
Migratory Bird Day,
2014 WMBD on
second weekend of
May, every year) is
being developed
under the leadership
of UNWTO, with
partners including
UNEP, IUCN and
financial assistance
for preliminary
groundwork from the
Federal Ministry for
the Environment,
Nature Conservation
and Nuclear Safety of
Germany.
Globally eight project
Page 4 of 89
Vision IAS Prelims
(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2
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sites along four of the

world's flyways have
been preselected
with partners. For
each site, extensive
data collection and
identification of the
way forward together
with local partners
are in progress. As of
now preliminary work
is almost finished and
the project may be
launched in full
capacity in 2015.
Each year, millions of
migratory birds set
out to travel the
world, flying along
the same routes, also
known as flyways (not
the major
international airways
of tourist movement).
The eight Global sites of
the project are as follows:
Chilika Lake, India

Seocheon Tidal Flat
and Geum Estuary,
Republic of Korea
Korgalzhyn Sate
Nature Reserve,
Kazakhstan
Lake Natron,
Tanzania
Djoudj National Bird
Sanctuary, Senegal
Ras Mohamed
National Park, Egypt
Wadden Sea
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(Schleswig-Holstein)
National Park,
Germany
Four international
migratory bird
Flyways are:
1. East Atlantic Flyway
2. West Asian-East African
Flyway
3. Central Asian Flyway
4. East Asian-Australasian
Flyway
List of Endangered
Migratory Birds:
1. Sociable Lapwing - from
Kazakhstan
2. Siberian Crane - Siberia,
visits India in Winter
3. Baer's Pochard
4. Spoon-billed Sandpiper
The project focuses
on formulating
strategies for
protection of
migratory birds
through creation of
innovative and
sustainable tourism
and livelihood options
for local
communities by
providing technical
and financial
assistance to the
project sites. In the
end projects aims to
Page 6 of 89
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maintain status of
these sites as the
destination for the
migratory birds.
Note: Themes: WMBD 2014 - Destination
Flyways: Migratory Birds
and Tourism
2015 - Energy - Make it
bird friendly!
Which of the following is a cold

local wind?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Pampero
Southerly Buster
Mistral
Chinook

6
b
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
c
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:15
Sec.
Mistral (cold northerly

from central France
and the Alps to
Mediterranean)
Chinook- Warm & dry
local winds blowing
on leeward side of
Rockies in USA
Pampero (Argentina),
very strong wind
which blows in the
Pampa
Southerly
Buster(rapidly arriving
low pressure cell that
dramatically cools
Sydney, Australia
during summer)
d
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:4
Sec.
Carbon
sequestration,
Prevention of soil
erosion and
Augmentation of
groundwater are
(a) 1 and 3 only

(b) 1, 2 and 3 only
(c) 1, 2 and 4 only
(d) 3 and 4 only
Which of the following is/are

included under the regulating
ecosystem services?
1. Carbon sequestration
2. Prevention of soil erosion
c
Medium
Factual(F)
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3. Augmentation of
groundwater
4. Recreation
7

11/08/15 3:22 pm
Detailed Analysis
Regulating services
whereas Fuel wood,
fodder, minor timber,
medicinal plants, wild
edible fruits, manure
are Provisioning
services. Recreation
comes under Cultural
services.
(a) 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Which of the following are the

methods of Executive control
over administration in India?
1. Appointment and removal
of personnel.
2. Delegated legislation.
3. Appeal to public opinion.
4. Placing annual confidential
report in the Parliament.
8
a
Very dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
b
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:60
Sec.
Only 4th statement is

incorrect - the annual
confidential reports of
the bureaucrats are
never discussed in
the parliament. Rest
all are the methods
through which
Executive controls
the administration.

the codes given below:
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
Page 8 of 89
Vision IAS Prelims
Generally airplanes and jets fly in

the stratosphere or upper
troposphere. What could be the
possible reasons behind it?
1. The amount of air

turbulence that flights
experience is very less in
this region.
2. Vertical flow of winds is
less in this region.
3. More stability of the plane
as wind speed is very low.
11/08/15 3:22 pm
a
Dicult
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis
a
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:27
Sec.
Most of the airplanes

and even military jets
fly in the stratosphere
or atleast in the
tropopause. The
reason being that the
amount of air
turbulence flights
receive are very less.
The winds will flow at
high velocities and
this can be
advantageous to
save fuel. Also, these
layers are "Stratified",
meaning, they do not
mix. If they mix, they
are separated rather
quickly. Hence the
vertical flow of winds
are less in this region.
This is beneficial for
the stability of the
plane during flight.
b
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:8
Sec.
The Pallavas had a

well-organized
administrative
system. The Pallava
state was divided into
Kottams. The Kottam
was administered by
ocers appointed by
the king. The king
was at the centre of
administration in
which he was
assisted by able
ministers.

the codes given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
In Indian culture, what does the

term "Kottam" means?
10
(a) Folk dance of Kerala
Dicult
Factual(F)
(b) Administrative provinces of

Pallavas
Detailed Analysis
(c) One of the 27 Nakshatras

(d) None of the above
Page 9 of 89
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Lord Buddha's image is

sometimes shown with the hand
gesture called 'Abhay Mudra'. It
symbolizes:
11
11/08/15 3:22 pm
c
Easy
Factual(F)
(a) Buddha's calling for

compassion and liberation.
Detailed Analysis
(b) Buddha's calling to ward o

evil.
not
attempted
The Abhayamudra
"gesture of
fearlessness"
represents protection,
peace, benevolence
and the dispelling of
fear.
The gesture was
used by the Buddha
when attacked by an
elephant, subduing it
as shown in several
frescoes and scripts.
not
attempted
Oversupply of crude
oil in the world
market has led to
near halving of oil
drilling activities in
North America in the
past four months,
thereby aecting the
o take of guar gum
in India as well.
India is a leading
exporter of guar gum,
commanding about
80 per cent of global
production, followed
by Pakistan.
Guar gum is derived
from guar seeds
(cluster beans), a
legume crop that
grows in semi-arid
regions of Rajasthan,
(c) Buddha's reassurance to the

followers not to fear.
(d)Buddha's gesture with which
demons are expelled.

statements regarding Gaur gum:
1. India is the second largest
producer of Guar Gum in
the world.
2. It is used in toothpastes
and shampoos.
3. It is used in hydraulic
fracturing, an extraction
process for shale gas.
b
Dicult
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis
Which of the statements given

above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
12
(d) 1, 2 and 3
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Gujarat and Haryana.

Guar gum is used by
drilling companies to
thicken water that is
mixed with sand and
pumped through
shale rock cracks to
extract gas. It is used
for well fracturing.
Other applications
includes use in
toothpastes and
shampoos as
thickeners.
The spleen is an organ that

performs several functions
related to the health of your
blood. Which of the following
is/are correct about it?
13
1. It filters out and destroys

old red blood cells.
2. It manufactures some of
the white blood cells.
3. It can manufacture new red
blood cells.
d
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:15
Sec.
Very dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
The spleen is an
organ that performs
several functions
related to the health
of your blood. First, it
filters out and
destroys old red
blood cells. Second,
it manufactures some
of the white blood
cells that form your
immune system. And
finally, it can actually
manufacture new red
blood cells,
especially if the bone
marrow isn't working
properly.
(d) 1, 2 and 3 only
Page 11 of 89
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statements regarding Labrador
current:
1. It is a warm ocean current.
2. In its absence North-West
Atlantic fishing grounds
would not be possible.
14

above is/are incorrect?
a
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
not
attempted
The Labrador current

is a cold current in
the north Atlantic
ocean which flows
from the Arctic ocean
south along the coast
of Labrador and
passes around
Newfoundland
continuing south
along the east coast
of Nova Scotia.
It meets the warm
Gulf stream and the
grand banks
southeast of
Newfoundland. The
combination of these
two produce the
richest fishing
grounds in the world.
not
attempted
FII An investor or
investment fund that is
from or registered in a
country outside of the one
in which it is currently
investing. FIIs must register
with the Securities and
Exchange Board of India to
participate in the market.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Which of the following could

register as a Foreign Institutional
Investors (FII) in India?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Hedge Funds
Pension Funds
University Funds
Reinsurance Companies

d
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only

(b) 2 and 4 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Who can get registered

as FII?
Following foreign entities /
funds are eligible to get
registered as FII:
1. Pension Funds
2. Mutual Funds
Page 12 of 89
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3. Investment Trusts
4. Banks
5. Insurance Companies
/ Reinsurance
Company
6. Foreign Central
Banks
7. Foreign
Governmental
Agencies
8. Sovereign Wealth
Funds
9. International/
Multilateral
organization/ agency
10. University Funds
(Serving public
interests)
11. Endowments (Serving
public interests)
12. Foundations (Serving
public interests)
13. Charitable Trusts /
Charitable Societies
(Serving public
interests)
15

correct regarding Mathura
school of Art?
1. Greco-Roman Style
2. Found in North West India
3. Usage of White spotted
red sandstone
16
c
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:11
Sec.
Easy
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 only
Two major schools

Gandhara school of
art uses
Greco-Roman
Style
Found in North
West India
Usage of Stone
and stucco
Madhura
Indigenous
style: exhibiting
Page 13 of 89
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(c) 3 only
the spiritual
feeling
In UP and Bihar
White spotted
red sandstone
is used
(d) 1, 2 and 3 only
Forms of Brahmanical
deities crystallised for the
first time in this art form.
Konkan Railways took some

environment friendly initiatives
recently. Which of the methods
of energy eciency are included
in this initiative?
1. Phasing out of
incandescent bulbs
2. Use of Electronic Fan
Regulator
3. T8 Fittings in place of T5
fittings
17
not
attempted
Dicult
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis

(a) 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
All statements are

correct.
T12, T8 and T5 are
naming convention
for tubelights where
"12" is the thickest
and "5" is the
slimmest tubelight.
T12s were quite
popular in the past
(some 10-15 years
back). They were
replaced with slimmer
T8 version, which are
the most popular and
easily available
version today. But T5
is the most ecient
(energy saving) option
that is available in the
market today. It is
approximately as
thick as a thumb. As
this is a relatively new
technology, you may
find it dicult to get
them in the market.
Page 14 of 89
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Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima

Yojana endeavors to:
1. Provide life insurance
cover for the people aged
18-50 years.
2. Bring a vast number of
uninsured people into the
social security net.
3. Give aordable insurance
cover at the rate of Rs 12
p.a.
18
11/08/15 3:22 pm
b
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
d
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:22
Sec.

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Lithium is the most prominently

used metal in mobile phone
batteries. Which among the
following could be the reasons
for the same?
1. High energy density
2. Relatively low selfdischarge
3. Cheaper to manufacture
4. Low Maintenance
a
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis

b
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:26
Sec.
Insurance cover
under the two social
security insurance
schemes - Pradhan
Mantri Suraksha
Bima Yojna (PMSBY)
and Pradhan Mantri
Jeevan Jyoti Bima
Yojna (PMJJBY).
PMSBY oers
accident insurance of
Rs 2 lakh at Rs 12 a
year. For all Bank
account holders
whose age is
between 18 to 70
years.
Under PMJJBY, the
government is
oering a life cover of
Rs 2 lakh for a
premium of Rs 330
annually to savings
account holders aged
18-50 in the
participating banks.
Lithium Ion and Lithium

polymer are most
commonly used types of
rechargeable mobile
batteries.Though Nickel
Cadmium batteries were
used earlier they are not
much in use today.
Similarly Nickel metal
hybrid batteries are
relatively new technology
and not in common use.
Page 15 of 89
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(a) 1, 2 and 4 only
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(c) 2, 3 and 4 only
So Lithium is the metal

which is the most
prominently used in
batteries.
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Advantages
(b) 1, 2 and 3 only
19
High energy density potential for yet

higher capacities.
Does not need
prolonged priming
when new. One
regular charge is all
that's needed.
Relatively low selfdischarge - selfdischarge is less than
half that of nickelbased batteries.
Low Maintenance no periodic discharge
is needed; there is no
memory.
Specialty cells can
provide very high
current to
applications such as
power tools.
Limitations
Requires protection
circuit to maintain
voltage and current
within safe limits.
Subject to aging,
even if not in use storage in a cool
place at 40% charge
reduces the aging
eect.
Page 16 of 89
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Transportation
restrictions shipment of larger
quantities may be
subject to regulatory
control. This
restriction does not
apply to personal
carry-on batteries.
Expensive to
manufacture - about
40 percent higher in
cost than nickelcadmium.
Not fully mature metals and chemicals
are changing on a
continuing basis.

statements in the context of
Indian National Army (INA):
20
1. The first INA was founded

by Subhas Chandra Bose
in 1942.
2. Bose set up a provisional
Indian Government with
headquarters at Port Blair
in 1943, recognized by
many Axis Powers.
3. The aim of the army was to
secure Indian
independence with
Japanese assistance.
4. Initially composed
of Indian prisoners of
war captured by Japan in
the Malayan
a
Medium
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis
c
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:22
Sec.
INA was founded by

Mohan Singh in 1942.
Subhas Chandra
Bose reorganised it.
Subhash Bose was
assisted by
Rashbehari Bose and
others.
The Provisional
Government was
recognized by axis
power.
Page 17 of 89
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campaign and at
Singapore.
Which of the statement given
(a) 3 and 4 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
The origin of ordinance making

power as provided in Indian
Constitution can be traced back
to:
(a) Government of India Act,
1935
(b) Morley Minto Reforms, 1909
21
(c) Indian Councils Act , 1861
c
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
not
attempted
The Indian Councils

Act of 1861, for the
first time introduced
Portfolio system.
Each member of the
Council of the
Governor General
was allocated
portfolio of a
particular
department. The
Governor General
was authorized to
exercise a veto and
issue ordinances in a
situation of
emergency.
not
attempted
White Bellied Heron,

Pygmy Hog, Slender
Billed Vulture,
Namdhapa flying
Squirrel, Long Billed
Vulture, Malabar
Civet, Gharial,
(d) Indian Councils Act, 1892
Which of the following groups of

animals belong to the category
of Critically Endangered
species?
c
Medium
Factual(F)
Page 18 of 89
Vision IAS Prelims
22
( a) White Bellied Heron, Pygmy

Hog, India Wolf, Asian Black
Bear
(b) Slender Billed Vulture,
Namdhapa flying Squirrel, Nilgiri
Marten, Gaur.
11/08/15 3:22 pm
Detailed Analysis
Hawksbill Turtle, Red

Headed vulture-these
belong to the
critically endangered
category.
India Wolf, Asian
Black Bear, Nilgiri
Marten, Gaur,Chiru,
Blackbuck, Indian
Wolf- these belong to
the vulnerable
category.
(c) Long Billed Vulture, Malabar

Civet, Gharial, Hawksbill Turtle.
(d) Red Headed vulture,Chiru,
Blackbuck, Indian Wolf.

statements regarding Regional
Rural Banks:
1. They serve the rural areas
of India with basic banking
and financial services.
2. They may set up branches
for urban operations.
3. They cannot provide ParaBanking facilities like credit
cards.
not
attempted
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis

(a) 1 and 2 only
23
(b) 2 and 3 only
Regional Rural Banks are

local level banking
organizations operating in
dierent States of India.
They have been created
with a view to serve
primarily the rural areas of
India with basic banking
and financial services.
However, RRB's may have
branches set up for urban
operations and their area of
operation may include
urban areas too. RRB's
perform various functions
in following heads:
Providing banking
(c) 1 and 3 only
facilities to rural and
(d) 1, 2 and 3
semi-urban areas.
Carrying out
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government
operations like
disbursement of
wages of MGNREGA
workers, distribution
of pensions etc.
Providing ParaBanking facilities like
locker facilities, debit
and credit cards.
The Lahore Session of the Indian

National Congress (1929) is very
important in history, because:
24
1. Congress passed a
resolution demanding
Dominion Status.
2. Congress passed a
resolution on economic
issues and Fundamental
Rights.
3. Resolution was passed
rejecting the demand for
Pakistan in that session.
d
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:2
Sec.
Easy
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis

(a) 1 only
1st statement is
incorrect - 1929
Lahore Session
called for complete
independence
(Poorna Swaraj).
2nd statement is
incorrect - 1931
Karachi Session
called for economic
and fundamental
rights.
3rd statement is
incorrect - because in
1929 there was no
such demand for
creation of Pakistan.
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
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Which of the following pairs

is/are incorrectly matched?
1. Tolkappiyam - Tamil
Grammar
2. Silappathigaram Information on Sangam
polity and society
3. Manimegalai - Story of
Kanagi
11/08/15 3:22 pm
c
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:31
Sec.
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
25
Silappathigaram and
Manimegalai are part
of the The Five Great
Epics of Tamil
Literature according
to later Tamil literary
tradition.
Manimegalai - this
epic describes how
Manimekalai, the
beautiful daughter of
Kovalan and
Madhavi, follower of
local deities later
included in Hinduism,
converts to
Buddhism. The epic
gives much
information on the
history of Tamil Nadu,
Buddhism and its
place during that
period, contemporary
arts and culture, and
the customs of the
times.
Silappathigaram
- Story of Kanagi. The
nature of the book is
non-religious,
narrative and has a
moralistic undertone.
The epic revolves
around Kannagi, who
having lost her
husband to a
miscarriage of justice
at the court of the
Pandyan Dynasty,
wreaks her revenge
on his kingdom.
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incorrect regarding Graphene?
26
1. It is used in making strong

and durable touch-screens
for smartphones.
2. It can be used as a superb
conductor of electricity but
not heat .
3. As a catalyst it is immune
to oxidative environments.
11/08/15 3:22 pm
a
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
c
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:54
Sec.
It can be a superb
conductor of both
heat and electricity.
The main
disadvantage of
graphene as a
catalyst is its
susceptibility to
oxidative
environments.
a
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:37
Sec.
The Bengal Florican

(Houbaropsis
bengalensis) is a rare
bustard species that
is very well known for
its mating dance. It
is under critically
endangered species
in IUCN red list.
Habitat: Grasslands
occasionally
interspersed with
scrublands.
Distribution: Native
to only 3 countries in

(a) 2 and 3 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 1 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

statements about Bengal
Florican (Houbaropsis
bengalensis):
27
1. It is a critically endangered
bustard species that is
very well known for its
mating dance.
2. In India, it occurs in 3
states, namely Uttar
Pradesh, Assam and
Arunachal Pradesh.
3. Habitat loss because of
agriculture practices is the
main reason for its
d
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
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population decline.
the world Cambodia, India and

Nepal. In India, it
occurs in 3 states,
namely Uttar
Pradesh, Assam and
Arunachal Pradesh.
Threats: Ongoing
conversion of the
birds grassland
habitat for various
purposes including
agriculture is mainly
responsible for its
population decline.

(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Consider the following pairs of

Major mining centers of the
world:
28
1. Nikopol - Manganese ore Ukraine

2. Pittsburg - Iron ore USA
3. Pilbara - Iron ore
Australia
4. Sudbury Nickel Canada
5. Karaganda Coal Kazakhstan
not
attempted
Very dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis

is/are not correctly matched?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 1 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
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statements regarding Indus
Valley Civilization:
29
1. They produced various

seals for commercial
purpose.
2. The Harrapans knew the
lost wax technique for
making bronze statues.
3. Spinning of cotton was
well known to the people
of Indus Valley.
4. The bead industry was well
developed and used
copper and bronze but not
gold.
11/08/15 3:22 pm
a
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
d
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:40
Sec.
Thousands of seals
have been
discovered, which
were made for
commercial purpose.
The 'Dancing Girl' is
an example of a
Bronze Statue made
from lost wax
technique. Large
number of spindles
and spindle whorls
have been
discovered, which
indicates that
spinning of cotton
and wheel was very
common. The use of
gold was known to
them. Apart from gold
beads, gold necklace
and earrings have
also been found.
not
attempted
Yucatan Peninsula Mexico

Sinai Peninsula North eastern Egypt
(in news because of
conflict in MENA
region)
Kra Peninsula Malaysia (Major
producer of Tin)
Iberian Peninsula -
Which of the above is/are

correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

world peninsular regions:
1. Yucatan Peninsula - Spain
2. Sinai Peninsula - North
eastern Egypt
3. Kra Peninsula - Malaysia
4. Iberian Peninsula - Mexico
30

is/are correctly matched?
c
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
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(a) 1 and 2 only
Spain
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
A recent study found that

throwing accuracy of cricket
players was reduced after
Cryogenic chamber therapy.
What is the use of Cryogenic
chamber therapy for
sportsperson?
1. To decrease cell growth
and reproduction
2. Increase the pace of injury
rehabilitation.
3. Decrease inflammation and
pain
4. Performance enhancement
similar to the banned drugs
but falls outside the
domain of doping.
a
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:64
Sec.
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis

31
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only

(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2 and 4 only
Its goal is to decrease

cell growth and
reproduction (cellular
metabolism), increase
cellular survival,
decrease
inflammation,
decrease pain and
spasm, promote the
constriction of blood
vessels
(vasoconstriction),
and when using
extreme
temperatures, to
destroy cells by
crystallizing the
cytosol, which is the
liquid found inside
cells, also known as
intracellular fluid
(ICF). The most
prominent use of the
term refers to the
surgical treatment,
specifically known as
cryosurgery. Other
therapies that use the
term are cryogenic
chamber therapy and
ice pack therapy. It
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has been used as a

training and injury
rehabilitation centre
for many sporting
bodies. This Therapy
triggers the release of
endorphins which
induce analgesia
immediate pain relief.
Statement 4 is
incorrect with respect
to this therapy.

statements regarding "smart
city":
1. Government envisages to
have 100 Smart Cities with
at least one smart city in
each State/UT.
2. Only retrofitting strategy
will be used to upgrade the
existing cities to smart
cities.
3. Government contribution
for Smart City would be
used only to create
infrastructure that has
public benefit outcomes.
b
Dicult
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis

(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
a
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:1
Sec.
Based development
in the Smart Cities
Mission are city
improvement
(retrofitting), city
renewal
(redevelopment) and
city extension
(greenfield
development) plus a
Pancity initiative in
which Smart
Solutions are applied
covering larger parts
of the city.
The implementation
of the Mission at the
City level will be done
by a Special Purpose
Vehicle (SPV) created
for the purpose.Each
smart city will have a
SPV which will be
headed by a full time
CEO and have
nominees of Central
Government, State
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Government and ULB

on its Board.
Government
contribution for Smart
City is used only to
create infrastructure
that has public
benefit outcomes.
The total number of
100 smart cities have
been distributed
among the States
and UTs on the basis
of an equitable
criteria. The formula
gives equal
weightage (50:50) to
urban population of
the State/UT and the
number of statutory
towns in the
State/UT. Based on
this formula, each
State/UT will,
therefore, have a
certain number of
potential smart cities,
with each State/UT
having at least one.
32

statements about Gandhiji in
South Africa:
1. Gandhiji's political
activities from 1894 to
1906 is classified as the
'Moderate' phase of the
struggle for the South
a
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
d
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:1
Sec.
The Second phase of

the struggle in South
Africa began in 1906,
was characterized by
the use of the
method named
Satyagraha.
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33
11/08/15 3:22 pm
African Indians.
2. He set up Natal Indian
Congress and started a
paper called 'Indian
opinion'.
3. The phase of the struggle
in South Africa till 1906,
was characterized by the
use of the method named
Satyagraha.

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3 only
Who among the following

artisans doesn't belong to the
Harappan Culture?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Brick makers
Stone cutters
Weavers
Boat-builders
Terracotta manufacturers

34
d
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:4
Sec.
Easy
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
(a) 1 and 3 only

(b) 1, 2 and 5 only
(c) 3 and 4 only
In Harappan Culture,
Gold and silver
ornaments are found
in many places.
Pottery remains plain
and in some places
red and black painted
pottery is found.
Beads were
manufactured from a
wide variety of semiprecious stones.
Specialized groups of
artisans include
goldsmiths, brick
makers, stone
cutters, weavers,
boat-builders and
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terracotta
manufacturers.
Bronze and copper
vessels are the
outstanding
examples of the
Harappan metal craft.
Which of the following is/are the

characteristics of commercial
farming?
1. Farm mechanization
2. Crop specialization
3. Surplus production
35

b
Easy
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
b
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:23
Sec.
Farm mechanization,
Crop specialization
and Surplus
production are the
determinants of
commercial farming.
not
attempted
Garuda is an
endangered bird
according to IUCN
RED List. It is a
migratory bird. It is a
migratory bird of the
stork family. A rescue
and rehabilitation
centre has been
opened in Bhagalpur,
Bihar for protection
and conservation of
(a) 1 only
(b) 1, 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 2 and 3 only
Which of the following

statements regarding Garuda
is/are correct?
36
1. Garuda is an endangered
bird according to IUCN
RED List.
2. In mythology, it is a
humanoid bird, mentioned
in both Hinduism and
Buddhism.
c
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
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Garuda, especially
injured birds.
This bird like creature
(humanoid bird) finds
mention in both
Hinduism (as vahana
of Lord Vishnu) and
Buddhism.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

statements regarding the
Doctrine of Pith and Substance
in case of the original
Jurisdiction of the Supreme
court of India:
1. When anything is
prohibited directly its
prohibited indirectly.
2. The law is ultravires if it
violates some basic
principles of Constitution.
37
d
Very dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
a
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:26
Sec.
Pith and substance is

a legal doctrine in
Canadian
constitutional
interpretation used to
determine under
which head of power
a given piece of
legislation falls. The
doctrine is primarily
used when a law is
challenged on the
basis that one level of
government (be it
provincial or federal)
has encroached upon
the exclusive
jurisdiction of another
level of government.
1st statement is
doctrine of colourable
legislation and 2nd
statement is doctrine
of basic structure.
not
The National

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
c
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statements about the National
Population Register (NPR):
1. It is a Register of usual
residents of the country.
2. It is prepared under the
provisions of the Census
Act, 1948 and the
Citizenship Act of 1955.
3. The objective of NPR is
better utilization and
implementation of the
benefits under government
schemes, improve
planning and security in
the country.
4. It is compulsory for for all
usual residents to register
under the NPR.
38
11/08/15 3:22 pm
attempted
Very dicult
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Population Register
(NPR) is a Register of
usual residents of the
country. It is being
prepared at the local
(Village level), sub
District (Tehsil/Taluk
level), District, State
and National level
under provisions of
the Citizenship Act
1955 and the
Citizenship
(Registration of
Citizens and issue of
National Identity
Cards) Rules, 2003.
As per Section 14A of
the Citizenship Act
1955 as amended in
2004, it is
compulsory for every
citizen of the country
to register in the
National Register of
Indian Citizens
(NRIC). The creation
of the National
Population Register
(NPR) is the first step
towards preparation
of the NRIC. Out of
the universal dataset
of residents, the
subset of citizens
would be derived
after due verification
of the citizenship
status. Therefore, it is
compulsory for all
usual residents to
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register under the

NPR.
Consider the following with

respect to PRAGATI launched by
the Government of India:
1. It involves only PMO,
Union Government
Secretaries, and Chief
Secretaries of the States.
2. It is a mechanism for
redressal of Public
Grievances only.
3. It will be accessible to the
public on the web
platform.
not
attempted
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
Which of the above statement

is/are incorrect?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3 only
39
PRAGATI is a unique
integrating and
interactive platform.
The platform is aimed
at addressing
common mans
grievances, and
simultaneously
monitoring and
reviewing important
programmes and
projects of the
Government of India
as well as projects
flagged by State
Governments. The
PRAGATI platform
uniquely bundles
three latest
technologies: Digital
data management,
video-conferencing
and geo-spatial
technology. It also
oers a unique
combination in the
direction of
cooperative
federalism since it
brings on one stage
the Secretaries of
Government of India
and the Chief
Secretaries of the
States. With this, the
Prime Minister is able
to discuss the issues
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with the concerned

Central and State
ocials with full
information and latest
visuals of the ground
level situation. Such
an eort has never
been made in India. It
is also an innovative
project in egovernance and
good governance.
The demand for foreign currency

is due to:
1. Repayment of International
loans
2. Foreign Investment
3. Export of goods
4. Grants and Donations
c
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 1 , 2 and 4 only
(d) 3 and 4 only
40
b
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:65
Sec.
The demand for foreign

currency depends upon:
Repayment of
International loans.
Foreign InvestmentForeign investment
works in two ways can be in India and
Investment in Foreign
lands by Indian
government/ Indian
companies. i.e. If
investment is to be
made in US then,
dollars would be
needed. e.g. China
has utilized its excess
forex reserves to
create sovereign
funds for investment
in foreign countries.
Imports or purchase
from a foreign
country necessitates
the demand for
foreign currency and
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NOT the Exports.

Grants and Donations
(unilateral payments)
to a country are
often made in terms
of the currency of the
country to which it is
given.
Speculative Trading.
Payment of Incomes.
Direct purchases
made abroad.

statements is/are correct
regarding Mammals?
1. They possess mammary
glands.
2. There are only five living
egg laying mammals.
3. Their heart is four
chambered.
not
attempted
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
All Mammals share a

unifying set of
characteristics, these are:
(a) Hair: Hair is one of the
characteristics that is
unique to mammals-no
other animals have true
hair and all mammals have
hair covering at least part
of their body at some time
during their life.
(b) Mammary glands:
Mammals nurse their
young ones with milk
produced by mammary
glands. These are also
unique to mammals.
(c) Lower jaw made up of a
single bone.
41
(d) Endothermy: mammals

are endothermic which
means they are capable of
regulating their own body
temperature.
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(e) Four chambered Heart:

Found in Mammals and
birds. Three chambered
heart is found in
Amphibians and Reptiles.
(f) Some of the Mammals
may be aquatic .
Eg.Dolphins,Whales,
dugongs, Otters, Walruses
etc.
(g) Some mammals may be
egg laying. There are only
five living egg laying
mammals:
1. Duck-billed Platypus
2. Four Species of
Echidna (Also known
as spiny ant eaters)

constitutes the principal
components of money supply in
the economy?
1. Currency held by the
public.
2. Stock of money held by
the government.
3. Demand deposits of the
people with the
commercial banks.
4. Stock of money held by
the banking system of the
country.
c
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:34
Sec.
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis

(a) 1 only
Supply of money is a stock

concept. It refers to total
stock of money (of all types
) held by the people of a
country at a point of time.
However, supply of money
does not include i) stock of
money held by the
government and ii) stock of
money held by the banking
system of a country.
Because, Govt. and
banking system are
suppliers of money and the
stock of money held by the
suppliers of money is never
treated as a part of the
supply of money in the
country.
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(b) 2 and 4 only

42
Thus, Supply of Money

includes:
(c) 1 and 3 only
Currency with the public,
(d) 1, 3 and 4 only
Demand deposits with the

commercial banks and,
(iii) Other deposits with the
RBI, in the form of:
(a) Demand Deposits with
the RBI of public financial
institutions (like NABARD),
(b) Demand deposits of
other Reserve Banks of
Foreign Central Banks and
Governments with the RBI.
(c) Demand Deposits of
International Financial
Institutions (like IMF and
World Bank).
Who among the following is/are

members of committee for
appointment of CBI Director?
43
1. Prime Minister
2. Chief Justice of India or
Supreme Court judge
recommended by CJI.
3. Leader of largest party in
opposition of Lok Sabha.
4. Minister of Home Aairs
d
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis

b
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:1
Sec.
The appointments
committee consists
of PM,CJI and Lop Of
Lok Sabha. The Delhi
Special Police
Establishment
(Amendment) Act,
2014 adds that leader
of largest party can
become a member if
Lop is not there in
Loksabha.
(a) 2, 3 and 4 only

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(b) 1, 3 and 4 only

(c) 1 and 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3 only
Which of the following can be a

threat to the Biodiversity of an
Marine area?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Sand and Gravel extraction

Ballast Water
Mariculture
Invasive Alien Species

not
attempted
Easy
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
44
Threats in marine areas:

Overfishing and
decline of species:
Industrial fishing, over
exploitation of target
species, by-catch
species
Pollution and
eutrophication: Landbased activities (river
run-o), atmospheric
deposition, maritime
trac
Degradation and
destruction of the sea
floor: Beam trawling,
dredging, sand and
gravel extraction
Alien species
introductions:
Maritime trade
(ballast waters,
fouling), leisure
navigation,
mariculture, climate
change.
Leisure and tourism:
Coastal development,
water quality in
summer (high
population),
mechanical beach
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cleaning, noise and

other perturbations
due to the high
population
As per the Constitution of India,

a Member of Parliament is
disqualified:
45
1. If he holds an oce of
profit.
2. If he is not a citizen of India
3. If he is convicted for any
oense resulting in
imprisonment for two or
more years.
a
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
d
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:23
Sec.
The constitution
mentions only 1st two
grounds for
disqualification. Third
ground is mentioned
in the Representation
of the People Act
1951.

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Consider the following major

discontinuities of Earth:
46
1. Conrad - Outer and Inner

Crust
2. Mohorovicic - Crust and
mantle
3. Gutenberg - Outer and
Inner Mantle
4. Lehmann - Mantle and
Core
not
attempted
Dicult
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis
Earths major
discontinuities:
1. Conrad - Outer and
Inner Crust
2. Mohorovicic - Crust
and mantle
3. Wichart - Gutenberg Mantle and core
4. Lehmann - Outer and
Inner Core
5. Repitte - Outer and
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Which of the pairs given above

Inner Mantle
(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 1, 2 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

provisions under the Directive
Principles of State Policy as
enshrined in the Constitution of
India:
47
1. To organise agriculture and

animal husbandry on
modern and scientific lines.
2. Equal pay for equal work
for men and women.
3. To promote the welfare of
the people by securing a
social order.
4. To protect and improve the
environment and to
safeguard forests and
wildlife.
b
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
Which of the above are

Socialistic Principles that are
reflected in the Directive
Principles of State Policy?
a
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:25
Sec.
Socialistic principles
are the ones which
lay down the
framework of a
democratic socialist
state, aim at
providing social and
economic justice and
set the path towards
welfare state. Thus,
going by this
definition- 2nd and
3rd statements are
correct . Whereas,
1st is Gandhian
Principle and 4th
statements is
reflection of LiberalIntellectual principle.
(a) 1, 2 and 4 only

(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Page 39 of 89
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statements regarding noncooperation movement:
48
1. Gandhi Ji assured Swaraj

in one year if the noncooperation movement
went well.
2. Civil disobedience which
included non payment of
taxes was kept as a
backup if the government
used oppression to curb
the non-cooperation
movement.
3. The non-cooperation
resolution provided for the
national structure of the
congress for the first time.
4. The wrongs of Jallianwala
Bagh and Khilafat were
merged into the noncooperation movement.
11/08/15 3:22 pm
d
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
not
attempted
All statements are

correct.
Statements 1 and 4

(a) 1, 2 and 4 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
c
Page 40 of 89
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Which of the following are

included in the Original
jurisdiction of the High Court?
49
1. A dispute related to
elections of Members of
Parliament and State
legislature.
2. Inter-State water disputes
between two or more
States.
3. A dispute arising out of any
pre-constitution treaty or
agreement.
4. Enforcement of
Fundamental rights of
citizens.
11/08/15 3:22 pm
Easy
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:26
Sec.
come under original

jurisdiction of High
court.
Statements 2 and 3
come under original
jurisdiction of
Supreme court.
not
attempted
There are about 600

known species of
butterflies in West
Bengal and about
1,500 in India.
Gorumara alone
accounts for more
than half of the
species found in the
State and about onefifth found in the
country.

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 4 only
(d) 2, 3 and 4 only
Gorumara National Park, one of

the smallest national parks in
India, has recorded one fifth
species of butterflies of country.
It is located in:
(a) Kerala - Tamil Nadu border
Detailed Analysis
(b) Uttarakhand
(c) Jammu and Kashmir
50
Medium
Factual(F)
(d) West Bengal
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11/08/15 3:22 pm
The park, located in

the State's Jalpaiguri
district, covers an
area of only 80 sq.
km., and has
recorded at least four
species of butterflies
that have never been
found in the State
before.
The mangrove cover of India is

home to many species. Consider
the following species:
1.
2.
3.
4.
51
River terrapin
Gangetic river dolphin
Estuarine crocodile
Fishing cat
Which of the above species

is/are not found in mangroves?
a
Incorrect
:0 Marks
Time:17
Sec.
Very dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 only
(c) 3 and 4 only
The mangrove cover

of India (2.69% of the
global mangrove area
and 8% of Asia's
mangroves) is home
to umbrella species
such as the tiger as
well as many
threatened species
such as the River
terrapin, Gangetic
river dolphin,
Estuarine crocodile
and Fishing cat.

statements:
1. Improves corporate
governance.
2. Increases dependence on
Government.
3. Unlocks true value of the
c
Easy
Factual(F)
c
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:32
Sec.
Disinvestment and listing

of CPSEs on stock
exchanges takes the
economic reform agenda
forward and inter alia:
Improves corporate
governance: Higher
Page 42 of 89
Vision IAS Prelims
Enterprises for all

stakeholders.
4. Raises budgetary
resources for the
Government.
11/08/15 3:22 pm
Detailed Analysis

benefits of disinvestment and
listing of CPSEs?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
52
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
disclosure levels as
mandated by
SEBI/stock
exchanges and under
Company Law bring
in greater
transparency and
accountability
Develops and
deepens the capital
market through
spread of equity
culture: The process
of listing of CPSEs on
stock exchanges
facilitates
development and
deepening of capital
market and spread of
equity culture.
Consequent to listing,
the CPSEs will be
able to approach the
capital market to
raise resources for
their capital
expenditure
requirements as is
the case among
private companies.
Thus, the
dependence on
Government funding
will be reduced.
Raise budgetary resources
for the Government.
Page 43 of 89
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Changes in technology and

changes in preferences are the
major reasons for the
occurrence of which of the
following kind of
unemployment?
11/08/15 3:22 pm
b
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:20
Sec.
Medium
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis
(a) Cyclical Unemployment

(b) Structural Unemployment
(c) Frictional Unemployment

(d) Seasonal Unemployment
53
Structural
Unemployment: This
kind of
unemployment
happens when the
structure of an
industry changes. For
example, as the
country is tending to
move from use of
bicycles to
motorbikes and cars,
the demand for
labour in the cycle
industry has
continuously fallen in
the country. Changes
in technology and
changes in tastes are
two big reasons for
the occurring of
structural
unemployment in the
economy. One of the
reasons why 12th
plan focuses on skill
development is to
address the problem
of structural
unemployment in the
country.
Cyclical
unemployment: This
kind of
unemployment
occurs when all those
who want to work
cannot be employed
because there is not
enough demand in
Page 44 of 89
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11/08/15 3:22 pm
the market for their

work.
Frictional
Unemployment: This
kind of
unemployment
occurs when a
person leaves/loses a
job and starts looking
for another one. This
search for a job may
take a considerable
amount of time
resulting in frictional
unemployment.
Seasonal
Unemployment: This
kind of
unemployment is
expected to occur at
certain parts of the
year.
The International currency

exchange rates are determined
by the:
1. Government of the
countries
2. Market forces of demand
and supply
3. Interest rate decisions
a
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:16
Sec.
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
International currency
exchange rates
display how much
one unit of a currency
can be exchanged for
another currency.
Currency exchange
rates can be floating,
in which case they
change continually
based on a multitude
of factors, or they can
be pegged (or fixed)
to another currency,
in which case they
still float, but they
Page 45 of 89
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(d) 1 only
54
11/08/15 3:22 pm
move in tandem with

the currency to which
they are pegged.
Floating rates are
determined by the
market forces of
supply and demand.
There are
geopolitical and
economic
announcements that
aect the exchange
rates between two
countries, but a few
of the most popular
include: interest rate
decisions,
unemployment rates,
inflation reports,
gross domestic
product numbers and
manufacturing
information.
Some countries may
decide to use a
pegged exchange
rate that is set and
maintained artificially
by the government.
Governments of
emerging market
countries often do
this to create stability
in the value of their
currencies. In order to
keep the pegged
foreign exchange rate
stable, the
government of the
country must hold
large reserves of the
Page 46 of 89
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currency to which its

currency is pegged in
order to control
changes in supply
and demand.
Which of the following is/are the

environmental eects of the
Earth's rotation on its axis?
1. Day and Night
2. Planetary Winds
3. Tides
55
d
Medium
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis
d
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:56
Sec.
The directions of
large motions of the
atmosphere and
oceans are also
aected, as the
turning planet makes
their paths curve. Our
weather systems
respond to this
phenomenon, which
is known as the
Coriolis eect.
The Earth's rotation
combined with the
Moon's gravitational
pull on the planet
creates the rhythmic
rise and fall of the
ocean surface i.e.
tides.
not
attempted
Baiga villages were

relocated from the
Achanakmar Tiger
Reserve in
Chhattisgarh. they
are a central Indian
tribe. Indira Gandhi
Sanctuary is located
near Anamalai in
Tamil Nadu.
Maldhari tribes live in
and around Gir
(a) 2 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Which of the following tribes are

correctly matched with the
regions they are associated
with?
56
1. Maldhari tribe - Gir

Sanctuary
2. Jenu Kuruba tribe Nagarhole Sanctuary
3. Baiga tribe - Indira Gandhi
Sanctuary
a
Very dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
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11/08/15 3:22 pm

sanctuary and Banni

Grasslands, both in
Gujarat.
Jenu Kuruba tribe
lives in Nagarhole
Sanctuary region
apart from other
regions of Western
Ghats.
(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

statements about the Great
Indian Bustard (GIB):
57
1. The GIB is categorized as

'critically endangered'
under the IUCN Red List
and listed in Schedule I of
the Indian Wildlife
(Protection) Act, 1972.
2. GIBs are birds of grassland
and semi-arid habitat.
3. Presently its habitat is
confined to Rajasthan and
The Rann of Kutch only.
4. Its habitat is under
anthropogenic pressure
from industrialization and
conversion to agricultural
fields.
c
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:21
Sec.
Medium
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 4 only
(c) 1, 2 and 4 only
(d) 2, 3 and 4 only
The GIB is
categorized as
'critically
endangered' under
the IUCN Red List
and listed in
Schedule I of the
Indian Wildlife
(Protection) Act,
1972.
GIBs are birds of
grassland and semiarid habitat. Their
habitat is under
anthropogenic
pressure from
industrialization and
conversion to
agricultural fields. In
most of their former
ranges, GIBs have
been wiped out due
to the loss of habitat.
Presently small and
fragmented
populations of GIBs
are found in certain
parts of Indian states
viz. Rajasthan,
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Gujarat, Maharashtra,
Andhra Pradesh,
Uttar Pradesh,
Karnataka and
Madhya Pradesh.
Inflation can occur due to costpush and demand pull factors.

Consider the following factors:
1. Increase in government
expenditure
2. Rising population and
household consumption
3. Buying and selling of real
estate in urban areas
4. Increase in administered
prices
5. Infrastructural bottlenecks
d
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:65
Sec.
Medium
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis
Which of the above is attributed

to the demand-pull factors?
(a) 1, 2 and 4 only
(b) 1, 3 and 5 only
(c) 4 and 5 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3 only
Inflation primarily occurs

due to two sets of factors,
the demand-pull factors
and the cost-push factors.
Both of them have been
explained below in detail:
(a) Demand Pull factors:
These are those set of
factors due to which there
may be an increase in the
demand for goods and
services in the economy.
Some of them are:
1. Increase in
government
expenditure
2. Rising population
3. Black Money
4. Changing
consumption
patterns
(b) Cost- Push Factors:
(i) Rise in wages
(ii) Increase in indirect
taxes
58
(iii) Increase in
administered prices
(iv) Infrastructural
bottlenecks
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Fluctuation due to
seasonal and cyclical
reasons
Administered prices are
not determined by regular
market forces of supply
and demand. They are
considered undesirable
when they cause prices to
be higher than a
competitive standard,
when they are
accompanied by excessive
non-price competition
(eorts to increase sales
without enhancing the
value of the product), or
when they add to
inflationary tendencies
either by failure to lower
prices in response to cost
reductions or by increasing
prices to maintain a given
margin of profit in the face
of rising costs.

among the Fundamental Duties
of citizens laid down in the
Indian Constitution?
1. To provide opportunities
for education to his child or
ward between the age of
six and fourteen years.
2. To defend the country and
render national service
when called upon to do so.
3. To safeguard public
d
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:41
Sec.
Easy
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
All the statements are

part of Fundamental
Duties.
Page 50 of 89
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59
11/08/15 3:22 pm
property and to abjure

violence.
4. To protect and improve the
natural environment.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Power sharing is the very spirit

of Democracy. Identify
arguments which are in favour of
power sharing from the
following?
60
1. Reduces conflict amongst

dierent communities.
2. Decreases the possibility
of arbitrariness.
3. Delays decision making
process.
4. Accommodates diversities
and promotes peoples
participation in
government.
5. Increases instability and
divisiveness and
undermines the unity of a
country.
b
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:27
Sec.
Easy
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
Argument 1, 2 and 4
are in favour of power
sharing. 3 and 5 are
against the power
sharing. Primary
motive of any political
system is power
sharing among
various communities
and groups.

(a) 1, 3 and 5 only
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(b) 1, 2 and 4 only

(c) 2, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3 only

statements regarding
Convention on the Elimination of
all forms of Discrimination
Against Women (CEDAW)
61
1. It commits States to
undertake measures to end
discrimination in their legal
system.
2. India is not a ratifying
country and is therefore
not legally bound to put its
provisions into practice.
a
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
not
attempted
India signed the

convention and
ratified it on 9th july
1993.
CEDAW was adopted
in 1979 by the UN
general assembly and
is often described as
an international bill of
right for women. It
consists of a
preamble and 30
articles and defines
what constitutes
discrimination against
women and sets up
an agenda for
national action to end
such discrimination.
BY accepting the
convention,States
commit themselves
to undertake a series
of measures to end
discrimination against
women in all forms.
d
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:57
The
INDCs
are
national
policy
outlines in which
countries determine
Which of the above statements

is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
With reference to Intended

Nationally Determined
Contributions (INDCs), which of
d
Dicult
Factual(F)
Page 52 of 89
Vision IAS Prelims
the following statements is

incorrect?
(a) These are voluntary outlines
of post-2020 national action
plans, which members, intend to
take before reaching to an
agreement at COP-21 in Paris.
11/08/15 3:22 pm
Sec.
Detailed Analysis
(b) INDCs will be mainly focusing

on mitigation and adaptation
strategies with main purpose of
limiting global temperature rise
within 2 0C.
(c) India intends to submit two
sets of INDCs, one based on the
domestic resources and the
other based on developed
nations financial and technology
support.
their contributions in
the context of their
national
priorities,
circumstances
and
capabilities
in
accordance
with
global framework
United
Nations
Framework
Convention
on
Climate
Change
(UNFCCC) that drives
collective
action
towards
a
lowcarbon,
climateresilient future. Based
on the guidelines
issued after COP-20
at Lima, Peru, INDCs
are expected to be
submitted ahead of
COP-21 in Paris to be
held at the end of
2015. These intended
contributions
are
expected to create a
constructive
feedback
loop
between national and
international
decision-making on
climate change.
As per the guidelines,
INDCs
should
include: Quantifiable
information on the
reference
point
(including a base
year); Scope and
coverage
(implying
gases and sectors);
Page 53 of 89
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11/08/15 3:22 pm
Planning processes
(to
oversee
the
fulfillment of INDCs)
and How the Party
considers that its
INDC is fair and
ambitious, in light
of
its
national
circumstances, and
how it contributes
towards
achieving
the objective set
out in Article 2 of the
convention.
Therefore,
mainly
they will be focusing
on various mitigation
and
adaptation
strategies to reduce
carbon emissions so
that
global
temperature rise can
be contained within 2
0C.
India at Lima, has
agreed to INDCs, but
since the guidelines
are not specific in
terms of language
and leave much more
to
the
individual
interpretation.
Therefore,
India
intends to submit two
sets of INDCs, one
based on what we
can achieve solely
based on the use of
available
domestic
resources and the
other based on the
Page 54 of 89
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financial
and
technology support if
made available by the
developed nations as
the
cost
of
technology (IPRs), is
the
main
issue
regarding
the
adoption
of
renewable and clean
energy
resources
which is vital for
maintaining pace of
economic
development
while
fighting issues related
to climate change.
Recently, Western Ghats

Ecology Expert Panel (WGEEP)
and High Level Working Group
(HLWG) reports were
continuously in news. In this
regard, which of the following
statements is/are correct?
1. Unlike WGEEP, HLWG
allowed establishment of
fish processing and soft
drink manufacturing units
in Ecologically Sensitive
Areas with specific
guidelines.
2. Both WGEEP and HLWG
had recommended
constitution of Western
Ghat Ecology Authority
(WGEA) to manage and
regenerate the Ghats.
not
attempted
Very dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
The first statement

refers to the
recommendation of
both committees
regarding the
establishment of Red,
Orange and Green
Category industries in
Ecologically Sensitive
Areas in Western
Ghats. As WGEEP
under Madhav Gadgil
decalred entire
Western Ghats as
ecologically sensitive
area (Ecologically
Sensitive Zone [ESZ]
1; ESZ 2 and ESZ 3
descending order of
diversity
richness),this
committee has
Page 55 of 89
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(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
63
11/08/15 3:22 pm
recommended
blanket ban on Red
and Orange category
industries.
HLWG under
Kasturirangan, has
divided the Ghats
into two main regions
Cultural Landscape
(human settlements,
agriculture, livestock
rearing regions) and
Natural Landscape
(forest cover,
protected areas
national parks,
sanctuaries 37% of
the entire region) and
declared only later
region as the
Ecologically Sensitive
Area but here also
taking into account
developmental
needs, it has
recommended
allowing the
establishment of
Orange category
industries such as
fish processing and
soft drink
manufacturing units
in this area, provide
these units fulfill
certain specifications
and follow the
guidelines in order to
protect this region.
With reference to
Western Ghat
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Ecology Authority,
only WGEEP report
recommended its
statutory
establishment
whereas HLWG
emphasized
strengthening
existing regulatory
framework for ESAs
with strict monitoring
and evaluation along
with institutional
factors such as
training and
sensitization of the
ocials.
Consider the following soil

properties:
1. Sandy loam in texture
2. Deficient in Nitrogen
3. Rich in Potash, Phosphoric
Acid
4. Fertile
Which of the below given soil
group represents the above
properties?
64
b
Incorrect
:0 Marks
Time:23
Sec.
Medium
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis
(a) Alluvial Soils

(b) Laterite Soils
(c) Black Soils
(d) Red and Yellow Soils
The alluvial soils are

yet immature and
have weak profiles.
They dier in
consistency from drift
sand to rich loams
and from silts to sti
clays. A few
occasional kankar
beds are also
present. The
chemical composition
of the alluvial soils
makes this group of
soils as one of the
most fertile in the
world. The proportion
of nitrogen is
generally low, but
potash, phosphoric
acid and alkalies are
Page 57 of 89
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adequate, while iron

oxide and lime vary
within a wide range.
Micronutrients are essential for

plant growth and play an
important role in balanced crop
nutrition. Which among the
following is a micronutrient?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Copper
Iron
Chlorine
Sulphur
b
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:19
Sec.
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis

65
(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 1, 2 and 3 only
(c) 2, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Which of the following types of

chemical weathering are
correctly matched with the
descriptions they are associated
with?
1. Oxidation - occurs where
there is ready access to
oxygenated water and
d
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:31
Sec.
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
Micronutrients of
soil: Chlorine, Iron,
Boron, Manganese,
Zinc, Copper,
Molybdenum, Nickel.
Macronutrients of
soil: Nitrogen,
Potassium, Calcium,
Magnesium,
Phosphorous and
Sulphur.
Micro-nutrients are as
important to plant
nutrition as primary
and secondary
nutrients, though
plants don't require
as much of them. A
lack of any one of the
micronutrients in the
soil can limit growth,
even when all other
nutrients are present
in adequate amounts.
There are four types of

chemical weathering
processes:
Solution: Soluble rock
forming minerals like
nitrates, sulphates and
potassium are aected by
this process.
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atmosphere.
2. Carbonation - rainwater
mixes with CO2 in air to
produce carbonic acid that
reacts with minerals
3. Hydration - minerals react
with water to form
hydrates.
Carbonation: Reaction of
carbonates and
bicarbonates with minerals
is a common process
which helps in the break
down of feldspar and
carbonate minerals( cave
formation is a result of this
process), rainwater mixes
with CO2 in air to produce
carbonic acid that reacts
with minerals.

66
(a) 1 and 2 only
Hydration: it is chemical
addition of water. Minerals
take up water and
expand.This causes an
increase in volume and the
repetition of this process
causes fatigue in the rocks
and leads to their
disintegration. the
hydration
of anhydrite forms gypsum.
(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Oxidation: Combination of
minerals with oxygen to
form oxides or hydroxides.
Occurs where there is
ready access to
oxygenated water and
atmosphere.

statements regarding the
Center-State relations in India:
1. Article 356 says that if any
state fails to comply with
directions given by Center
c
Dicult
Analytical(A)
d
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:34
Sec.
Article 365 says that

if any state is failed to
comply with
directions given by
center than president
rule can be imposed
Page 59 of 89
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67
then President rule can be

imposed on that state.
2. Executive power by state
should be exercised in
compliance with laws
made by parliament.
3. Bills on certain matters
enumerated in the state list
can be introduced in the
state legislature only with
prior sanction of President.
11/08/15 3:22 pm
Detailed Analysis
on that state. So
option 1 is wrong.
Article 256 says that
the executive power
of state is so
exercised as to
ensure compliance
with the laws made
by parliament. So
option 2 is correct.
Bills on certain
matters (like putting
restrictions on interstate movement of
goods) enumerated in
the state list can be
introduced in the
state legislature only
with prior sanction of
president. So option
3 is correct.
Which of statements given

(a) 2 only
(b) 1 and 3
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3

statements regarding a region in
India:
1. The relief is undulating.
2. There is little percolation of
rain water due to hard rock
structure.
3. Rivers in this region are
seasonal and dry up in
summer season.
a
Easy
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis
Which type of irrigation should

be followed in such a region?
c
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:45
Sec.
Tank irrigation is practiced

(esp in south central India)
due to the following
reasons:
1. The undulating relief
and hard rock make it
dicult to dig canals
and wells.
2. There is little
percolation of rain
water due to hard
rock structure and
ground water is not
available in large
Page 60 of 89
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(a) Tank
68
quantity.
3. Most of the rivers in
this region are
seasonal and dry up
in summer season.
4. There are several
streams which
become torrential
rainy season and the
only way to make use
of this water is to
impound them by
constructing bunds
and building tanks.
5. The scattered nature
of population and
agricultural fields also
favour tank irrigation.
(b) Canal
(c) Well

statements regarding soils is/are
correct?
1. High soil acidity is typical
of cold and humid climate.
2. Alkaline soil is typical of
warm and humid climate.
69

not
attempted
Very dicult
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
Soils in cold, humid

climates typically
have high acidity,
while in arid climates,
soils are typically
alkaline. Acidity can
be corrected by
applying lime, a
compound of
calcium, carbon, and
oxygen (CaCO3),
which removes acid
ions and replaces
them with the base
calcium.
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
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With respect to environmental

studies, the term "sere" signifies:
(a) The succession of species
taking place in low moisture
areas such as rock, sand etc.
(b) The plants that invade the
bare lands initially.
70
(c) The sequence of

communities succeeding each
other during the course of
succession.
11/08/15 3:22 pm
not
attempted
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
Sere is the sequence

of communities
succeeding each
other during the
course of succession.
(d) The species which have

much greater influence on
community characteristics.
With regards to Tropical climates

which of the following
statements is/are correct?
1. Consistent day length and
insolation input.
2. Intertropical convergence
zone (ITCZ) brings rain as it
shifts seasonally.
3. Warm ocean temperatures
and unstable maritime air
masses .
4. Upper-air westerly winds
and undulating Jet
Streams.
b
Dicult
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1, 2 and 3 only
a
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:61
Sec.
Tropical climates, the most

extensive, occupy about
36% of Earth's surface,
including both ocean and
land areas. The tropical
climates straddle the
equator from about 20 N
to20 S
These climates truly are
winterless. Important
causal elements include:
Consistent day length
and insolation input,
which produce
consistently warm
temperatures;
Eects of the
intertropical
convergence zone
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(c) 3 and 4 only

71
(ITCZ), which brings

rains as it shifts
seasonally with the
high Sun; and
Warm ocean
temperatures and
unstable maritime air
masses.
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Tropical climates have

three distinct regimes:
tropical rain forest (ITCZ
present all year), tropical
monsoon (ITCZ present 6
to 12 months), and tropical
savanna (ITCZ present less
than 6 months).
Presence of upper-air
westerly winds and
undulating Jet
Streams are the
characteristics of
microthermal
Climates (mid and
high latitudes, cold
winters)
For what reason was the

'Cunningham Circular' during
the Civil Disobedience phase
issued?
1. to debar all the
government employees
from forming any political
organization.
2. to suspend all the
government employees
who participated in Civil
disobedience movement.
not
attempted
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
To curb the students

participation in Civil
Disobedience
Movement,
Cunningham Circular
was implemented in
1930 by the British,
which
played
an
important
role
in
shaping the Freedom
Struggle in Assam.
It
forced
the
students and their
Page 63 of 89
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72
11/08/15 3:22 pm
3. to forbid the students from

joining any political
activities.
4. to restrict railway workers
from forming union.
guardians to furnish
assurances of good
behaviour
and
forbade
them
to
participate in political
activities,
and
evoked
strong
response.
Students quit schools
in protest and many
Educational
Institutions
like
Kamrup Academy of
Guwahati
and
Sibsagar Vidyapeeth
were established.

(a) 1 and 4 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 3 only
Consider the following:

1.
2.
3.
4.
Rajasuya
Asvamedha
Vajpeya
Lopamudraya

performed by the King to
strengthen his position in the
kingdom?
not
attempted
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 1 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
73
Option 2 and 3 are

sacrifice and a race.
Option 1 is
ceremony/ritual.
option 4 is name of a
woman poet.
Larger kingdoms
were formed during
the later Vedic period.
Many jana or tribes
were amalgamated to
form Janapadas or
Rashtras in the later
Vedic period. Hence
the royal power had
increased along with
the increase in the
size of kingdom. The
king performed
various rituals and
sacrifices to
strengthen his
position. They include
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Rajasuya
(consecration
ceremony),
Asvamedha (horse
sacrifice) and Vajpeya
(chariot race). The
kings also assumed
titles like
Rajavisvajanan,
Ahilabhuvanapathi,
(lord of all earth),
Ekrat and Samrat
(sole ruler).

statements about the Earth's
Revolution around the Sun:
74
1. The seasons arise from the

Earth's revolution around
the Sun and the tilt of the
Earth's axis.
2. At the winter solstice, the
northern hemisphere is
tilted toward the Sun.
3. At the summer solstice,
the southern hemisphere is
tilted toward the Sun.
4. On the day of equinox day
and night are of equal
length everywhere on the
globe.
b
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:2
Sec.
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis

(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 4 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
At equinox, the circle

of illumination passes
through the North
and South Poles. One
important feature of
the equinox is that
day and night are of
equal length
everywhere on the
globe.
The seasons arise
from the Earth's
revolution around the
Sun and the tilt of the
Earth's axis.
At the summer (June)
solstice, the northern
hemisphere is tilted
toward the Sun. At
the winter
(December) solstice,
the southern
hemisphere is tilted
toward the Sun. At
the equinoxes, day
and night are of equal
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length.

statements regarding dierent
theater forms of India:
75
1. Bhand Pather is a theatre

form of Kashmir. Satire and
parody are the underlying
technique. It combines
dance, music and acting.
2. Bhaona is a theatre form of
Gujarat and Assam in
which the narrator uses
Sanskrit language.
3. Tamasha is a theatre form
of Uttar Pradesh in which
female actress is the chief
exponent.
a
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
not
attempted
Bhand Pather is a
theatre form of
Kashmir. Satire and
parody are the
underlying technique.
It combines dance,
music and acting.
Bhaona is a theatre
form of Assam while
Bhavai is a form of
Gujarat and
Rajasthan. Sutradhar
starts the play in
Bhaona in Sanskrit
language then in
Brajboli or Assamese.
Tamasha is theatre
form of Maharashtra
while Nautanki and
Rasleela are of Uttar
Pradesh. Female
actress is the chief
exponent of dance in
the play, she is
known as Murki.
not
attempted
Dr. Kamal Bawa

received Midori Prize,
2014 for his
contributions to
research in ecology

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Environmental Prizes for the
corresponding years and their
winners?
a
Medium
Factual(F)
1. Midori Prize, 2014 - Kamal

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Bawa
2. Whitley Awards, 2015 Rajendra Singh
3. Stockholm Water Prize,
2015 - Pramod Patil
11/08/15 3:22 pm
Detailed Analysis
Which one of the above pairs

(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
76
of tropical forests,
sustainable use of
tropical forests,
climate change in the
Himalaya; for
promoting
engagement of civil
society in
conservation eorts
and for his leadership
role in setting up
Ashoka Trust for
Research in Ecology
and the Environment
(ATREE).
Pramod Patil for
community
conservation of the
great Indian bustard
in the Thar Desert,
India and Ananda
Kumar for developing
communication
systems to reduce
human-elephant
conflict in southern
India won the Whitley
Awards, 2015.
Rajendra Singh of
India is named the
2015 Stockholm
Water Prize Laureate,
for his innovative
water restoration
eorts, improving
water security in rural
India, and for
showing
extraordinary courage
and determination in
his quest to improve
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the living conditions

for those most in
need.

conditions is/are favourable to
tea plantation?
1.
2.
3.
4.
High rainfall
Warm temperature
Well drained acidic soil
Sloping land

d
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
b
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:34
Sec.
Temperature: 21C to
29C is ideal for the
production of tea. High
temperature is required in
summer. The lowest
temperature for the growth
of tea is 16C.
Rainfall: 150-250 cm of
rainfall is required for tea
cultivation.
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only

77
Climatic conditions for

growing tea:
(b) 1, 3 and 4 only

(c) 3 and 4 only
Soil: Tea shrubs require

fertile mountain soil mixed
with lime and iron. The soil
should be rich in humus.
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Land: Tea cultivation needs

well drained land.
Stagnation of water is not
good for tea plants. Heavy
rainfall but no stagnancy of
water, such mountain
slopes are good for tea
cultivation.
Which of the following functions

is/are provided by the Seagrass
beds?
1. Fisheries and marine
biodiversity protection
2. Nutrient cycling
d
Medium
Analytical(A)
not
attempted
The most commonly

observed goods and
services (direct
benefits) that
seagrass beds
provide include
fisheries production,
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3. Coastal protection
4. Water filtration
5. Carbon sinks and cycling
78

11/08/15 3:22 pm
Detailed Analysis
nursery grounds, and

marine biodiversity
protection. Indirect
services include
nutrient cycling,
coastal protection,
water filtration,
carbon cycling, and
carbon sinks. Over
and above this,
economic value can
also be determined
through a
consideration of
'replacement costs'
for restoring or
rehabilitating
destroyed resources.
(a) 1, 2 and 4 only

(b) 1, 3 and 4 only
(c) 2 and 5 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
Which of the following can be

regarded as the prime objectives
of Lead Bank Scheme?
1. To have an area approach
for targeted and focused
banking.
2. To promote financial
literacy.
3. Expansion of branch
banking facilities.
4. To meet credit needs of
rural economy.
c
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:48
Sec.
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis

(a) 1 and 2 only
Promotion of financial
literacy is not the
PRIME objective of
Lead Bank Scheme.
Lead Bank Scheme
(LBS) was introduced
in 1969, based on the
recommendations of
the Gadgil Study
Group. The basic
idea was to have an
"area approach" for
targeted and focused
banking.
Under the Scheme,
each district had
been assigned to
dierent banks
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(b) 2 and 4 only

79
(public and private) to

act as a consortium
leader to coordinate
the eorts of banks in
the district
particularly in matters
like branch expansion
and credit planning.
The Lead Bank was
to act as a
consortium leader for
co-ordinating the
eorts of all credit
institutions in each of
the allotted districts
for expansion of
branch banking
facilities and for
meeting the credit
needs of the rural
economy.
(c) 1, 3 and 4
(d) 1 ,2, 3 and 4

statements regarding
Comptroller and Auditor General
of India. Which of the following
is incorrect?
b
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:19
Sec.
(a) CAG is appointed by the

President of India.
Detailed Analysis
(b) CAG holds the oce during

the pleasure of the President.
Medium
Factual(F)
(c) Supreme Court of India has

expanded the scope of
jurisdiction of CAG recently
where the CAG now has the
right to audit the receipts of
Statement B is
incorrect because
CAG is removed on
the grounds as a
Judge of Supreme
Court In India.
Art 149 of the
Constitution
empowers CAG to
audit the accounts of
Union, States and
other bodies as
prescribed by any law
of parliament.
Accordingly, CAG
audits following
accounts:
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private sector companies that

share revenue with the
government for use of spectrum.
(d) CAG doesn't have powers to
audit any private sector
companies under the
Companies Act.
80
11/08/15 3:22 pm
Consolidated funds
of Union, States and
UT with legislative
assemblies
Contingency and
Public Accounts of
Union and States.
Departmental
undertakings,
Government
companies and other
bodies financed by
Union or State.
The SC verdict has
expended the scope
of Art.149 in following
manner:
Natural resources
such as spectrum,
oil, gas and mineralsbelong to people.
Whenever Union,
State, Local bodies
or private entities are
exploiting natural
resources, theyre
accountable to
people via
Parliament.
Although CAG
doesnt have powers
to audit any private
sector companies
under Companies
act.
But when private
sector is exploiting
natural resources
under PPP or revenue
sharing agreements,
every unlawful gain
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by company is a loss
to consolidated fund
of India.
Therefore, CAG has
right to audit the
receipts of private
sector companies
that share revenue
with the government
for use of spectrum.
With reference to Pradhan

Mantri Kaushal Vikash Yojana,
consider the following
statements:
1. Enable and mobilize a
large number of Indian
youth to take up skill
training.
2. Provide Monetary Awards
for Skill Certification.
c
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:27
Sec.
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
Which of the above statement

is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
81
The objective of this

Scheme is to encourage
skill development for youth
by providing monetary
rewards for successful
completion of approved
training programs.
Specifically, the Scheme
aims to:
Encourage
standardization in the
certification process
and initiate a process
of creating a registry
of skills Enable and
mobilize a large
number of Indian
youth to take up skill
training and become
employable and earn
their livelihood.
Increase productivity
of the existing
workforce and align
the training and
certification to the
needs of the country.
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Provide Monetary
Awards for Skill
Certification to boost
employability and
productivity of youth
by incentivizing them
for skill trainings
Reward candidates
undergoing skill
training by authorized
institutions at an
average monetary
reward of Rs. 8,000
(Rupees Eight
Thousand) per
candidate.
Benefit 24 lakh youth at an
approximate total cost of
Rs. 1,500 Crores.
What is the provision to

safeguard the autonomy of the
Election Commission of India?
82
1. Chief Election
Commissioner is provided
with security of tenure.
2. Constitution has debarred
the retiring Chief Election
Commissioner from any
further appointment by the
government.
3. The service conditions of
the Chief Election
Commissioner cannot be
varied to his disadvantage
after his appointment.
a
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:39
Sec.
Easy
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
1st and 3rd

statements are
correct.
2nd statement is
incorrect:
Constitution does not
debars the retiring
Chief Election
Commissioner from
any further
appointment by the
government.
4th statement is
incorrect: the
Constitution does not
prescribes the
qualification of the
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4. The Constitution has

prescribed the qualification
of the members of Election
Commission.
members of Election
Commission.

above is/are correct ?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 3 and 4 only
(c) 4 only
(d) 1 , 2 , 3 and 4
Match the great literary works

with their authors:
1.
Mricchakatika
1. Bhasa
c
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
2. Meghdoot
2. Sri
Harsha
3. Swapna
Vasavadattam
3.
Kalidasa
4. Ratnavali
4.
Shudraka
not
attempted
83

(a) 1-2, 2-4, 3-1, 4-3
(b) 1-4, 2-3, 3-2, 4-1
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(c) 1-4, 2-3, 3-1, 4-2

(d) 1-2, 2-3, 3-4, 4-1
Which of the following can be

located in the Rann of Kachchh
and Gulf of Kachchh?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Coral reef
Asiatic Wild Ass
Dugong
Whale sharks
The Great Indian Bustard

84
d
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
not
attempted
The Asiatic Wild ass

is restricted to the
Rann of Kachchh in
Gujarat and its
surrounding areas.
Listed as Vulnerable
(IUCN 2013) and
protected under
Schedule I of the
WPA, 1972, dugong
occurs in the Gulf of
Mannar, Palk Bay,
Gulf of Kachchh and
Andaman and
Nicobar Islands.
Whale sharks and
coral reefs are found
in the Gulf of
Kachchh.
The Great Indian
Bustard is found in
dry and semi arid
regions including
Rann of Kachchh.
b
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:62
Sec.
In Champaran, he
opposes Tinkathia
system in which the
peasants were forced
to grow indigo and
other cash crops
instead of the food
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only

(b) 1, 4 and 5 only
(c) 2, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

statements:
1. In Champaran, he opposed
Tinkathia system in which
the peasants were forced
to grow paddy on three
twentieth part of their land.
b
Easy
Factual(F)
Page 75 of 89
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85
2. In Kheda, the rich peasants

proprietors called upon
Gandhi to lend support to
the already ongoing
campaign for remission of
the revenues in the face of
poor harvest.
3. In Ahmedabad, he
threatened to fast if mill
workers' demand for
higher wages were not
met.
4. The chronological order of
these movements is
Kheda, Champaran and
Ahmadabad.
11/08/15 3:22 pm
Detailed Analysis
crops which was

necessary for their
survival.
The chronological
order of these
movements is
Champaran,
Ahmadabad and
Kheda,

(a) 2, 3 and 4 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2 and 4 only
Which one of the following

statements
regarding hydraulically
connected system is correct?
d
Medium
Analytical(A)
1. Exchange of water is
controlled by the dierence
in elevation.
d
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:30
Sec.
Ground water and

surface water are
essentially one
resource, physically
connected by the
hydrological cycle.
Although surface
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2. Rainfall does not

contribute to maintenance
of underground water
table.
3. Underground water may
also be connected to
surface water.
86
11/08/15 3:22 pm
Detailed Analysis
water and
groundwater are
considered as
separate resources
they are functionally
inter dependent.
If ground water is in
physical contact with
the surface water it is
called a hydraulically
connected system.
And if it is not in
contact it is called
hydraulically
disconnected
systems.
exchange of water
between the
groundwater system
and a stream is
controlled by the
dierence in elevation
between groundwater
table and the water
level in the stream.

(a) 3 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1 and 3 only

statements:
1. In the Golaknath case
Supreme court laid down a
new doctrine of basic
structure of the
constitution.
2. In the Kesavananda
Bharati case Supreme
Court ruled that parliament
d
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:12
Sec.
Easy
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis
In the Golaknath case

Supreme court ruled
that the Fundamental
rights are given a
transcendental and
immutable position
and hence the
parliament cannot
abridge or take away
any of the
Page 77 of 89
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cannot abridge or take

away any of the
fundamental rights.
87
fundamental rights.
In the Kesavananda
Bharati case the
Supreme court
overruled its
judgement in the
Golaknath case and
stated that the
Parliament is
empowered to
abridge or take away
any of the
fundamental rights.
At the same time, it
laid down a new
doctrine of basic
structure of the
constitution.

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Which of the following functions

performed by Guilds (Sreni) of
ancient India is/are correct?
88
1. Guilds were organizations

of people of same caste
following the same
profession.
2. They performed banking
functions and lent loans to
Artisans and Merchants.
3. They could prosecute their
member for breaking the
state and guild laws.
4. They were engaged in
charity works as well.
c
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
Select the correct answers from

(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 4 only
d
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:12
Sec.
Guilds were
organizations of
people following the
same profession.
Guild were economic
institutions and caste
are social groups.
The guilds loaned
money to artisans
and merchants and
epigraphical evidence
shows that even the
royalty deposited
money with them.
Guild worked to
alleviate distress and
undertook works of
piety and charity as a
matter of duty.
Guilds could try their
member for oenses
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(c) 2, 3 and 4 only
in accordance with
their own customs. A
guild member has to
abide by to both
state and guild laws.
However the
jurisdiction of guild
courts was confined
to civil cases alone.
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

statements is/are correct
regarding Acharya Vinoba
Bhave?
89
1. He is associated
with Sarvodaya and
Bhoodan movement.
2. He had translated the
Bhagavad Gita into
Marathi.
3. In 1940 he was chosen by
Gandhi to be the second
individual Satyagrahi
against the British rule
after Nehru.
c
Medium
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis
d
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:27
Sec.
In 1940 he was
chosen by Gandhi to
be the first individual
Satyagrahi against
the British rule. The
second was Nehru.
Gender

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
b
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statements regarding Gender
Mainstreaming (GM):
90
1. Gender Mainstreaming is a
globally accepted strategy
for promoting gender
equality.
2. It was adopted by
Convention on the
Elimination of all forms of
Discrimination Against
Women (CEDAW)
3. It requires assessing the
dierent implications for
men and women of any
planned policy action.
11/08/15 3:22 pm
Very dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:1
Sec.
Mainstreaming is the
public policy concept
of assessing the
dierent implications
for men and women
of any planned policy
action, including
legislation and
programmes, in all
areas and levels.
This Idea was
formally featured in
1995 at the fourth
World Conference on
women in Beijing.
And was cited in the
document that
resulted from the
conference, that is,
the Being Platform for
Action.
CEDAW was adopted
in 1979 much before
the concept of
Gender
Mainstreaming came
to be known hence
statement 2 is wrong.
not
attempted
Irradiation is a cold
process and can be
used to pasteurize
and sterilize foods
without causing
changes in freshness
and texture of food
unlike heat. Unlike
chemical fumigants,
irradiation does not
Which of the above statements

is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
The label of the food products

sometimes has "PROCESSED
BY IRRADIATION METHOD".
correct regarding irradiation?
1. It is used to pasteurize and
sterilize foods.
2. It doesn't cause change in
freshness and texture of
food unlike heat.
d
Dicult
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis
Page 80 of 89
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11/08/15 3:22 pm
3. X-rays can be used for

irradiation process.
leave any harmful

toxic residues in food
and is more eective.
It is ecient and can
be used to treat
prepacked
commodities.
Irradiation produces
very little chemical
changes in food.
None of the changes
known to occur have
been found to be
harmful. The
radiological products
and free radicals
produced are
identical to those
present in foods
subjected to
treatment such as
cooking, canning etc.
X rays , Gamma rays
and electron beams
can be used for
irradiation process.

(a) 1 and 2 only
91
(b) 1 and 3 only

(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Match List-I and List-II and

select the correct answers from
(A) Chauri
Chaura
(1) Rowlatt
Act
(B) Dandi
(2) Noncooperation
movement
b
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:35
Sec.
Easy
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
Page 81 of 89
Vision IAS Prelims
92
11/08/15 3:22 pm
(C)
Jalianwalla
massacre
(3) Quit India

Movement
(D)
Congress
Radio
(4) Civil
Disobedience
Movement
Codes :
A
D
(a)
3
(b)
1
(c)
3
2
1
(d)
1
4
3
2
4
Which of the following fibres are

secreted by connective tissue
cells?
1.
2.
3.
4.
93
Collagen fibres
Reticular fibres
Elastic fibres
Chondrocytes

not
attempted
Very dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only

(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
Chrondocytes: these
are fixed cells of
connective tissue.
They are matrix
secreting cells of
cartilage.
there are three types
of fibres secreted by
connective tissue
cells:
1. Collagen fibres
2. Reticular fibres and
Page 82 of 89
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11/08/15 3:22 pm
(c) 1 and 4 only
3. Elastic fibres.
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

statements:
1. Chlorofluorocarbon
depletes ozone layer in the
atmosphere.
2. The topmost contribution
to greenhouse eect is
from Carbon dioxide.
The most common type is

the collagen fibers. These
are flexible fibres with high
tensile strength.
a
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
c
Incorrect
:0.67
Marks
Time:30
Sec.
Chlorofluorocarbon:
Contribute to Ozone
depletion in the upper
atmosphere, the
manufacture of CFCs
has been phased out
under the Montreal
Protocol
Carbon dioxide:
Water vapour is the
most important
greenhouse gas, and
carbon dioxide (CO2)
is the second-most
important one.
Methane,nitrous
oxide, ozone and
several other gases
present in the
atmosphere in small
amounts also
contribute to the
greenhouse eect.
72% of the globally
emitted greenhouse
gases is carbon
dioxide. They are the
most important cause
of global warming.
not
Natural wetlands in
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
94
(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2
c
Page 83 of 89
Vision IAS Prelims
11/08/15 3:22 pm
Which of the following types of

Wetland ecosystems are found
in India?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Bogs
Fens
Lagoons
Salt Marshes
Select the correct code.
attempted
Medium
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
(a) 1 and 4 only

(b) 3 only
(c) 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 3 and 4 only
95
India consists of the

high-altitude
Himalayan lakes,
followed by wetlands
situated in the flood
plains of the major
river systems, saline
and temporary
wetlands of the arid
and semi-arid
regions, coastal
wetlands such as
lagoons, backwaters
and estuaries,
mangrove swamps,
coral reefs and
marine wetlands, and
so on.
In fact with the
exception of bogs
and fens, Indian
wetlands cover the
whole range of the
ecosystem types
found.
A fen is one of the
main types of
wetland, the others
being grassy
marshes, forested
swamps, and peaty
bogs.
Along with bogs, fens
are a kind of mire.
Fens are usually fed
by mineral-rich
surface water or
groundwater. They
are characterized by
their water chemistry,
which is pH neutral or
Page 84 of 89
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11/08/15 3:22 pm
alkaline, with
relatively high
dissolved mineral
levels but few other
plant nutrients.
Assertion: Government recently

declared Nilgai as animal vermin.
Reason: A species declared
animal vermin can not ordinarily
be killed.
96
(a) Both A and R are true and R

is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R
is not correct explanation of A.
c
Medium
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis
not
attempted
Assertion is correct.
A species declared
animal vermin can be
killed. So reason is
false.
not
attempted
In the visible
wavelengths, darker
colors have lower
albedos, and lighter
colors higher
albedos. On water
surfaces, the angle of
the solar rays also
aects albedo values:
Lower angles
produce a greater
reflection than do
higher angles. In
addition, smooth
surfaces increase
(c) A is true but R is false.

(d) A is false but R is true.

statements about Albedo:
1. Albedo is the reflective
quality of a surface.
2. In the visible wavelengths,
lighter colors have lower
albedos, and darker colors
higher albedos.
3. Smooth surfaces increase
albedo, whereas rougher
surfaces reduce it.
4. Earth's Albedo value is
higher than Moon.
c
Easy
Analytical(A)
Detailed Analysis
Page 85 of 89
Vision IAS Prelims
97
11/08/15 3:22 pm

albedo, whereas
rougher surfaces
reduce it.
Earth and its
atmosphere reflect
31% of all insolation
when averaged over
a year. By
comparison, a full
Moon, which is bright
enough to read by
under clear skies, has
only a 6%8%
albedo value.
Thus,earthshine
being four times
brighter than
moonlight
(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 3 and 4 only
Reserve Bank of India (RBI) acts

as a prime currency authority for
Indian economy. This would
imply which of the following?
1. The RBI has an exclusive
right of issuing notes in all
denomination.
2. The RBI acts as an agent
of the Government and
mints coins for it.
3. The RBI is responsible for
the design, production and
overall management of the
nation's currency.
c
Dicult
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis

(a) 2 and 3 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
a
Incorrect
:-0.67
Marks
Time:25
Sec.
1st and 3rd

statements are
correct - Section 22
of the RBI Act 1934
makes provided that
RBI has the sole right
to issue Bank notes
of all denominations.
Thus, Reserve Bank
is responsible for the
design, production
and overall
management of the
nation's currency,
with the goal of
ensuring an adequate
supply of clean and
genuine notes.
In consultation with
the Government, the
Page 86 of 89
Vision IAS Prelims
(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3
98
11/08/15 3:22 pm
Reserve Bank
routinely addresses
security issues and
targets ways to
enhance security
features to reduce the
risk of counterfeiting
or forgery of currency
notes.
At present, paper
currency notes in
India are issued in the
denomination of Rs.
5, Rs.10, Rs.20,
Rs.50, Rs. 100, Rs.
500 and Rs. 1,000.
The printing of Rs. 1
and Rs. 2
denominations has
been discontinued,
though the notes in
circulation are valid.
Reserve Bank of India
has been authorized
to issue notes of Rs.
5000 and Rs. 10000
also. In fact, as per
RBI act, RBI can
issue any note of any
denomination but
NOT exceeding Rs.
10,000. The notes
denomination is
notified by
Government and RBI
acts accordingly.
2nd statement is
incorrect - The
distribution of Coins
is undertaken by RBI
as an agent of the
Page 87 of 89
Vision IAS Prelims
11/08/15 3:22 pm
Government, (coins
are minted by the
Government and not
by RBI). Coins up to
50 paisa are called
"small coins" and
coins of Rupee one
and above are called
"Rupee coins".
A State of India is having the

following characteristics:
99
1. Long length of coastline.

2. Long duration of hot and
dry conditions.
3. Wet in the southern
districts and Arid in the
north-west region.
4. Deserts, scrublands,
grasslands, deciduous
forests, and wetlands to
mangroves, coral reefs and
estuaries are found.
c
Easy
Factual(F)
Detailed Analysis
c
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:54
Sec.
All the statements are

correct with respect
to Gujarat State.
The laser-firing
Which of the State given below

is referred to in the above
statements?
(a) Tamil Nadu
(b) Oddisa
(c) Gujarat
(d) Karnataka
MARS Curiosity has discovered
Page 88 of 89
Vision IAS Prelims
bedrock with surprisingly high

levels of silica. What does it
indicate?
100
11/08/15 3:22 pm
Correct
:2 Marks
Time:39
Sec.
Dicult
Factual(F)
(a) Ideal conditions for

preserving ancient organic
material.
Detailed Analysis
(b) Finding evidence for life.
(c) Supports microbial life in the

ancient past.
Chemistry & Camera

(ChemCam) and
Dynamic Albedo of
Neutrons (DAN) of
Curiosity shows
elevated amounts of
silicon and hydrogen.
High levels of silica in
the rock could
indicate ideal
conditions for
preserving ancient
organic material.
Page 89 of 89

Vision IAS Prelims

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