Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Airspace Designations and Reporting effective September 15, 2005, is Paragraph 6011—Area Navigation Routes.
Points, dated September 1, 2005, and amended as follows: * * * * *
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Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 187 / Wednesday, September 28, 2005 / Proposed Rules 56609
authorization. Section 1a(6)(B) of the Specifically, the Proposal is intended to only a personalized relationship.
Act excludes certain persons from the clarify that, as used in provisions of the Instead, according to the court, the term
CTA definition where, as provided for Act and the regulations relating to ‘‘client’’ ‘‘can refer to * * * those who
in Section 1a(6)(C) of the Act, their CTAs, the term ‘‘client’’ refers to all receive tailored advice from
furnishing of advice with respect to customers of a CTA, including persons professionals or those who receive any
trading in commodity futures and who receive advice by subscribing to a kind of service regardless of whether it
options is solely incidental to the newsletter or other information service. is personalized.’’ 12
conduct of their business or profession.2 A ‘‘subscriber,’’ then, as used in these
Rule 1.3(bb) 3 contains essentially the statutory provisions and rules, is one B. Proposed Rule 1.3(bb)(2)
same definition of the term ‘‘commodity type of ‘‘client.’’ 8 The Commission is proposing to add
trading advisor’’ as that contained in In addition, the Commission believes paragraph (bb)(2) to Rule 1.3, which
section 1a(6) of the Act.4 However, that defining the term ‘‘client’’ of a CTA would define the term ‘‘client,’’ as it
neither the Act nor the Commission’s is necessary as a result of several court relates to a CTA, as including:
regulations issued thereunder define cases in which various CTAs have Any person (i) to whom a commodity
who the ‘‘others’’ are that are advised by argued that, because the antifraud trading advisor provides advice, for
CTAs. Moreover, neither the Act nor the provisions of Section 4o of the Act 9 compensation or profit, either directly or
regulations are consistent when refer to ‘‘client’’ rather than ‘‘client or through publications, writings, or electronic
referring to these advisees. Although subscriber,’’ those provisions apply only media, as to the value of, or the advisability
most of the relevant provisions refer to CTAs who provide advice on a of trading in, any contract of sale of a
solely to ‘‘clients,’’ 5 a few of the personalized basis.10 As explained more commodity for future delivery made or to be
made on or subject to the rules of a contract
provisions refer to ‘‘clients and fully below, the proposed definition
market or derivatives transaction execution
subscribers.’’ 6 The Proposal is intended would clarify that Section 4o applies to facility, any commodity option authorized
to clarify these inconsistencies.7 all CTAs, and not just to those who under section 4c of the Act, or any leverage
provide advice on a personalized basis. transaction authorized under section 19 of
2 These excluded persons include, among others, In this regard, the Commission notes the Act; or (ii) to whom, for compensation or
teachers and publishers. In this regard, the that the only federal appeals court to profit, and as part of a regular business, the
Commission notes that, for a teacher or publisher commodity trading advisor issues or
to claim the exclusion from the CTA definition in
have reached the merits of the meaning
Section 1a(6)(B) of the Act, the trading advice of the term ‘‘client’’ in Section 4o, the promulgates analyses or reports concerning
activity may not be the sole teaching or publishing Seventh Circuit in Commodity Trend any of the activities referred to [above]. The
activity, but instead must be solely incidental to the term ‘client’ includes, without limitation, any
Service,11 deferred to the Commission’s
teacher’s or publisher’s other teaching and subscriber of a commodity trading advisor.
publishing activities. See e.g., In the Matter of interpretation of Section 4o, finding that
Armstrong, et al., [1992–1994 Transfer Binder] the Commission’s position was a The proposed definition, then, would
Comm. Fut. L. Rep. (CCH) ¶ 25,657 (CFTC Feb. 8, reasonable interpretation of the include clients to whom a CTA provides
1993) (holding that publishers of standardized statutory language and that it appeared personalized trading advice as well as
advice are not excluded from the definition of CTA clients to whom a CTA provides
where publication is ‘‘largely devoted to advice to effectuate Congressional intent. The
about trading commodity futures or options court held that the use of the term nonpersonalized trading advice. Such
contracts’’). ‘‘client’’ in Section 4o does not connote nonpersonalized advice would include,
3 Commission rules cited to herein are found at among other things, standardized advice
17 CFR Ch. I (2005). media, Congress expanded the CTA definition in provided by newsletters, seminars,
4 The Commodity Futures Modernization Act of
‘‘commodity trading advisor’’ in 1974, the 981 (7th Cir. 2000); R & W Technical Servs. Ltd. v. than 25 years ago, in explaining why it
definition included any person providing trading CFTC, 205 F.3d 165 (5th Cir. 2000); CFTC v. Vartuli,
advice ‘‘either directly or through publications or 228 F.3d 94 (2d Cir. 2000). 12 Id. at 991.
writings.’’ With the advent of various electronic 11 Commodity Trend Serv., 233 F.3d at 981. 13 7 U.S.C. 6m(1).
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56610 Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 187 / Wednesday, September 28, 2005 / Proposed Rules
adopted certain exemptions from CTA it would evaluate within the context of competitiveness, and financial integrity
registration—as opposed to exclusions a particular rule proposal whether all or of futures markets; price discovery;
from the CTA definition—the some affected CTAs would be sound risk management practices; and
Commission rejected the notion that considered to be small entities and, if other public interest considerations.
Section 4o applies solely to CTAs who so, the economic impact on them of the Accordingly, the Commission could in
have a personalized relationship with proposal.18 The Commission does not its discretion give greater weight to any
their advisees, stating: believe that proposed Rule 1.3(bb)(2) one of the five enumerated areas and
Section 4o should remain applicable to the would have a significant impact on could in its discretion determine that,
persons covered by the rule because * * * affected CTAs. This is because the only notwithstanding its costs, a particular
their clients and subscribers are entitled to burden imposed by the proposed rule was necessary or appropriate to
the protections of the antifraud provisions amendment would be the obligation to protect the public interest or to
whether or not these persons remain comply with the antifraud provisions of effectuate any of the provisions or to
obligated to be registered[.] 14 Section 4o of the Act. Assuming accomplish any of the purposes of the
More recently, in connection with its arguendo, however, that compliance Act.
adoption of Rule 4.14(a)(9), the with Section 4o would constitute a The Proposal is intended to define the
Commission expressly noted that a CTA significant burden, the burden is neither term ‘‘client’’ of a CTA and to clarify
exempt from registration by virtue of its new nor additional, because proposed that all CTAs are within the purview of
offering nonpersonalized advice and its Rule 1.3(bb)(2) is consistent with the the antifraud provisions of Section 4o of
not directing client accounts Commission’s longstanding the Act. The Commission is considering
nevertheless remains subject to the interpretation of Section 4o as the costs and benefits of this rule in
provisions of the Act that apply to all applicable to all CTAs. light of the specific provisions of
CTAs, including the antifraud Accordingly, the Chairman, on behalf Section 15(a) of the Act as follows:
provisions of Section 4o.15 of the Commission, certifies pursuant to
Section 605(b) of the RFA 19 that the 1. Protection of Market Participants and
II. Related Matters proposed rule will not have a significant the Public
A. Regulatory Flexibility Act economic impact on a substantial
Because the Proposal expressly brings
number of small entities. However, the
The Regulatory Flexibility Act all CTAs within the purview of the
Commission invites the public to
(RFA) 16 requires that agencies, in antifraud provision of Section 4o of the
comment on this finding.
proposing rules, consider the impact of Act, the Proposal should enhance the
those rules on small businesses. The B. Paperwork Reduction Act Commission’s ability to protect market
Commission has previously established The Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 participants and the public.
certain definitions of ‘‘small entities’’ to (‘‘PRA’’) imposes certain requirements 2. Efficiency and Competition
be used by the Commission in on Federal agencies (including the
evaluating the impact of its rules on Commission) in connection with their The Proposal should have no effect,
such entities in accordance with the conducting or sponsoring any collection from the standpoint of imposing costs or
RFA.17 of information as defined by the PRA. creating benefits, on efficiency or
With respect to CTAs, the The proposed rule amendment does not competition.
Commission has previously stated that require a new collection of information 3. Financial Integrity of Futures Markets
on the part of any entities. Accordingly, and Price Discovery
14 43 FR 32291, 32292 (July 26, 1978) (emphasis
for purposes of the PRA, the
added).
Commission certifies that the proposed The Proposal should have no effect,
The Commission additionally explained that
‘‘Section 4o basically makes it unlawful, among rule amendment, if promulgated in final from the standpoint of imposing costs or
other things, for any CTA to defraud an existing or form, would not impose any new creating benefits, on the financial
prospective client or subscriber.’’ Id. at n.2 reporting or recordkeeping integrity or price discovery function of
(emphasis added). requirements. the commodity futures and option
15 65 FR 12938, 12941 (March 10, 2000); see also
markets.
68 FR 47221, 47222 (Aug. 8, 2003) (providing for C. Cost-Benefit Analysis
additional CTA registration exemptions, but noting 4. Sound Risk Management Practices
that ‘‘regardless of registration status, all persons Section 15(a) of the Act 20 requires the
who come within the * * * CTA definition are Commission to consider the costs and The Proposal should have no effect,
subject to * * * provisions of the Act and the benefits of its action before issuing a
Commission’s rules prohibiting fraud that apply to from the standpoint of imposing costs or
* * * CTAs’’; see also 68 FR 34790, 34791 (June
new regulation under the Act. By its creating benefits, on the available range
11, 2003) (expanding the class of account managers terms, Section 15(a) does not require the of sound risk management alternatives.
permitted to bunch orders to include, among others, Commission to quantify the costs and
CTAs who are exempt from the registration benefits of a new regulation or to 5. Other Public Interest Considerations
requirement, but noting that ‘‘the Commission will
retain antifraud and antimanipulation authority
determine whether the benefits of the The Proposal should have no effect,
over account managers who are exempt from proposed regulation outweigh its costs. from the standpoint of imposing costs or
registration.’’) Rather, Section 15(a) simply requires creating benefits, on any other public
The Commission has consistently enforced the the Commission to ‘‘consider the costs interest considerations.
antifraud provisions of Section 4o against both and benefits’’ of its action.
registered CTAs and CTAs not required to register After considering these factors, the
under the Act. E.g., In the Matter of Stephen Alan Section 15(a) further specifies that
Pierce, CFTC Docket No. 02–15 (January 21, 2003) costs and benefits shall be evaluated in Commission has determined to propose
(‘‘Section 4o of the Act prohibits both registered light of five broad areas of market and the amendment discussed above. The
and unregistered CTAs from defrauding their public concern: protection of market Commission invites public comment on
clients.’’); In the Matter of Michael Radcliffe, CFTC its application of the cost-benefit
Docket No. 02–04 (June 10, 2002); In the Matter of participants and the public; efficiency,
CTS Fin. Publ’g, Inc., et al., CFTC Docket No. 00–
provision. Commenters also are invited
34 (July 5, 2001). 18 Id.at 18620. to submit any data that they may have
16 5 U.S.C. 601 et seq. 19 5 U.S.C. 605(b). quantifying the costs and benefits of the
17 47 FR 18618 (April 30, 1982). 20 7 U.S.C. 19(a). Proposal with their comment letters.
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Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 187 / Wednesday, September 28, 2005 / Proposed Rules 56611
List of Subjects in 17 CFR Part 1 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
Brokers, Commodity futures, Bureau of Indian Affairs Internal Revenue Service
Consumer protection, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements. 25 CFR Part 61 26 CFR Parts 1 and 301
For the reasons presented above, the [REG–144615–02]
Commission proposes to amend 17 CFR RIN 1076–AE44
RIN 1545–BB26
part 1 as follows:
Preparation of Rolls of Indians
Section 482; Methods To Determine
PART 1—GENERAL REGULATIONS Taxable Income in Connection With a
UNDER THE COMMODITY EXCHANGE AGENCY: Bureau of Indian Affairs,
Interior. Cost Sharing Arrangement; Hearing
ACT
Proposed rule; reopening of
ACTION: AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS),
1. The authority citation for part 1 comment period. Treasury.
continues to read as follows: ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking;
Authority: 7 U.S.C. 1a, 2, 5, 6, 6a, 6b, 6c, SUMMARY: This document reopens the change of date of public hearing; and
6d, 6e, 6f, 6g, 6h, 6i, 6j, 6k, 6l, 6m, 6n, 6o, comment period for the proposed rule extension of time for public comments.
6p 7, 7a, 7b, 8, 9, 12, 12a, 12c, 13a, 13a–1, published on May 19, 2005, which SUMMARY: This document changes the
16, 16a, 19, 21, 23 and 24, as amended by opened the enrollment applications
the Commodity Futures Modernization Act of
date of the public hearing and provides
process for the Western Shoshone notice of an extension of time for
2000, appendix E of Pub. L. 106–554, 114 Identifiable Group of Indians.
Stat. 2763 (2000). submitting comments with respect to a
DATES: Written comments must be notice of proposed rulemaking and
2. Section 1.3 is proposed to be received on or before October 28, 2005. notice of public hearing on proposed
amended by adding new paragraph regulations that provide guidance
ADDRESSES: You may submit comments, regarding methods under section 482 to
(bb)(2) to read as follows:
identified by the number 1076–AE44, by determine taxable income in connection
§ 1.3 Definitions. any of the following methods: with a cost sharing arrangement.
* * * * * • Federal rulemaking portal: http:// DATES: The public hearing originally
(bb)(1) * * * www.regulations.gov. Follow the scheduled for Wednesday, November
instructions for submitting comments. 16, 2005, at 10 a.m. is rescheduled for
(2) Client. This term, as it relates to a
• Mail: Daisy West, Office of Tribal Friday, December 16, 2005, at 10 a.m.
commodity trading advisor, means any The IRS must receive outlines of the
Services, Bureau of Indian Affairs, 1951
person (i) to whom a commodity trading topics to be discussed at the hearing by
Constitution Avenue, NW., Mail Stop
advisor provides advice, for Friday, November 25, 2005.
320–SIB, Washington, DC 20240.
compensation or profit, either directly
• Hand delivery: Office of Tribal ADDRESSES: The public hearing is being
or through publications, writings, or held in the IRS Auditorium, Internal
electronic media, as to the value of, or Services, Bureau of Indian Affairs, 1951
Constitution Avenue, NW., Room 320– Revenue Building, 1111 Constitution
the advisability of trading in, any Avenue NW., Washington, DC. Due to
contract of sale of a commodity for SIB, Washington, DC 20240.
building security procedures, visitors
future delivery made or to be made on FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: must enter at the Constitution Avenue
or subject to the rules of a contract Daisy West, Office of Tribal Services, entrance.
market or derivatives transaction Bureau of Indian Affairs, (202) 513–
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
execution facility, any commodity 7641.
LaNita Van Dyke of the Publications and
option authorized under section 4c of
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: On May Regulations Branch, Associate Chief
the Act, or any leverage transaction
19, 2005, the Bureau of Indian Affairs Counsel (Procedure and
authorized under section 19 of the Act; Administration), at (202) 622–7180 (not
or (ii) to whom, for compensation or published a proposed rule to amend its
regulations governing the compilation of a toll-free number).
profit, and as part of a regular business,
rolls of Indians in order to open the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: A notice
the commodity trading advisor issues or
enrollment applications process for the of proposed rulemaking and notice of
promulgates analyses or reports
Western Shoshone Identifiable Group of public hearing appearing in the Federal
concerning any of the activities referred Register on Monday, August 29, 2005
Indians (70 FR 28859). Last year we
to in paragraph (bb)(2)(i) of this section. (70 FR 51116), announced that a public
made a commitment to hold meetings
The term ‘‘client’’ includes, without with the Shoshone people to discuss the hearing on proposed regulations
limitation, any subscriber of a proposed rule. We were unable, providing guidance regarding methods
commodity trading advisor. however, to schedule the meetings in under section 482 to determine taxable
* * * * * Elko and Reno, Nevada until August 20 income in connection with a cost
Issued in Washington, DC, on September and 27, 2005. We must therefore extend sharing arrangement will be held on
22, 2005 by the Commission. the comment period beyond the original Wednesday, November 16, 2005,
deadline of July 18, 2005. beginning at 10 a.m., in the IRS
Catherine D. Daniels,
Auditorium of the Internal Revenue
Assistant Secretary of the Commission. Dated: September 16, 2005.
Building, 1111 Constitution Avenue
[FR Doc. 05–19323 Filed 9–27–05; 8:45 am] Michael D. Olsen, NW., Washington, DC.
BILLING CODE 6351–01–M Acting Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary— The date of the hearing has changed.
Indian Affairs. The hearing is scheduled for Friday,
[FR Doc. 05–19322 Filed 9–27–05; 8:45 am] December 16, 2005, beginning at 10 a.m.
BILLING CODE 4310–4J–P in the IRS Auditorium, Internal Revenue
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