The first drill, known as The Great Southern California ShakeOut, took place on November 13, 2008.

Attendees in
2014 were 10.4 million and in 2015 it is expected to be 23.1 million.

Reasons
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Induced seismicity

Induced seismicity refers to typically minor earthquakes and tremors that are caused by human activity that
alters the stresses and strains on the Earth's crust.

Volcano tectonic earthquake

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A volcano tectonic earthquake is an earthquake induced by the movement (injection or withdrawal)

of magma. The movement results in pressure changes in the rock around where the magma has experienced
stress. At some point, the rock may break or move.

Causes
There are many ways in which induced seismicity has been seen to occur. In the past several years, some energy
technologies that inject or extract fluid from the Earth, such as oil and gas extraction and geothermal energy
development, have been found or suspected to cause seismic events. Some energy technologies also produce
wastes that may be managed through disposal or storage by injection deep into the ground. For example, waste
water from oil and gas production and carbon dioxide from a variety of industrial processes may be managed
through underground injection.

Types
-A foreshock is an earthquake that occurs before a larger seismic event (the mainshock) and is related to it in both
time and space.
-An aftershock is a smaller earthquake that occurs after a previous large earthquake, in the same area of the main
shock. If an aftershock is larger than the main shock, the aftershock is redesignated as the main shock and the
original main shock is redesignated as a foreshock. Aftershocks are formed as the crust around the
displaced fault plane adjusts to the effects of the main shock.

Characteristics
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The Hypocenter is the point within the earth where an earthquake rupture starts.
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The epicentre is the point directly above it at the surface of the Earth. Also commonly termed the focus.

Seismic waves are waves of energy that travel through the Earth's layers, and are a result of
an earthquake, explosion, or a volcano that gives out low-frequency acoustic energy.

Richter magnitude scale

The Richter magnitude scale (also Richter scale) assigns a magnitude number to quantify the energy released
by an earthquake. The Richter scale, developed in the 1930s, is a base-10 logarithmic scale. The Richter scale
was succeeded in the 1970s by the Moment Magnitude Scale (MMS). This is now the scale used by the United
States Geological Survey to estimate magnitudes for all modern large earthquakes

Seismometer
Seismometers are instruments that measure motion of the ground, including those of seismic waves generated
by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and other seismic sources. Records of seismic waves allow seismologists to
map the interior of the Earth, and locate and measure the size of these different sources.

Magma
Magma (from Greek , "thick unguent") is a mixture of molten or semi-molten rock, volatiles and solids[1] that
is found beneath the surface of the Earth, and is expected to exist on other terrestrial planets. Besides molten
rock, magma may also contain suspended crystals, dissolved gas and sometimes gas bubbles