Save girls, save the girl child, is a campaign in India to end the gender-selective

abortion of female foetuses, which has skewed the population towards a

significant under-representation of girls in some Indian states. The "Beti
Bachao" campaign is supported by human rights groups, non-governmental
organizations, and state and local government in India.
Sex-selective abortion or female foeticide has led to a sharp drop in the ratio of
girls born in contrast to boy infants in some states in India. Ultrasound
technology has made it possible for pregnant women and their families to learn
the gender of a foetus early in a pregnancy. Discrimination against girl infants,
for several reasons, has combined with the technology to result in a rise in
abortions of foetuses identified as female during ultrasound testing.
The trend was first noticed when results of the 1991 national census were
released, and it was confirmed to be a worsening problem when results of the
2001 national census were released. The reduction in the female population of
certain Indian states continues to worsen, as results of the 2011 national census
have shown. It has been observed that the trend is most pronounced in relatively
prosperous regions of India.[1] The dowry system in India is often blamed; the
expectation that a large dowry must be provided for daughters in order for them
to marry is frequently cited as a major cause for the problem.[2] Pressure for
parents to provide large dowries for their daughters is most intense in prosperous
states where high standards of living, and modern consumerism, are more
prevalent in Indian society.
Rates of female foeticide in Madhya Pradesh are increasing; the rate of live births
was 932 girls per 1000 boys in 2001, which dropped to 912 by 2011. It is expected
that if this trend continues, by 2021 the number of girls will drop below 900 per
1000 boys.[3]
Beti Bachao activities include large rallies, po campaigns, wall paintings,
billboards, and television commercials and short animations and video films.
Celebrities such as video director Jagmeet Bal, and Bollywood actress Priyanka
Chopra, have become involved in beti bachao beti padhao abhayaan.
The Beti Bachao campaign is supported by numerous medical organizations in
India, including the Indian Medical Association.[4]
Government support at the state level has provided funding for Beti Bachao
publicity activities in particular. The expenditures related to the campaign have
been a source of political controversy in Madhya Pradesh, which launched its
official Beti Bachao Abhiyan campaign in 2012.[5]

Effectiveness[edit]The campaign has reported some success in parts of India. In

2009, it was reported that in Gujarat, rates of female births increased from 802
to 882 for every 1000 male births. Beti Bachao activities were credited with this
improvement.[6]

Drug addiction is a major social evil of modern times. It has surpassed all the
barriers of caste, color, creed, sex and nation. The simple meaning of drugs is a
chemical compound used for the treatment of diseases. But in this context a drug
is that chemical substance which is used by certain person, intentionally, to
experience floating sensation feeling of ease and relaxation, exhilaration as-wellas to escape from pain, grief and frustration and sale, storage and consumption of
such substance for the above mentioned purposes is not lawful.
Drug addiction implies physical dependence upon a drug, including the
development of tolerance and withdrawal. An addict who develops tolerance
requires more-and-more of the drug to transport him to the world of fantasies If
the addict is not allowed to take the drug he suffers from painful and
uncontrollable convulsions, vomiting, depression and various other maladies
It has been found, through a number of surveys that there are many reasons, why
people develop such a habit. Almost 15% of the addicts are initiated on this path
by their friends or company. It has also been observed that such a phenomenon
occurs at school, college or university or at disco, or at a trip of excursion or at
some social gatherings. It has been found that the youngsters who are over shy,
beset with emotional problems, inferiority complex and lack of strength and
stamina fall easy prey to this habit. In addition other factors that lead to drug
addiction arelack of parental care and supervision, lack of moral and religious
education, media and pop culture, hatred for any authority, broken homes,
truency and delinquency etc.
The addicts use the following categories of substances. These are (i) Narcotics
which include heroin, smack, morphine etc.; (ii) stimulants include cocaine,

crack, speed, whizz; (iii) Depressants include barbies, benzo-diazepines; (iv)

Hallucinogens includes LSD (lysergic acid), marejuana; and (v) Cannabinoids
and cannabis and hashish.
Horien produces a sense of euphoria, but its overdose may cause convulsions,
coma and even death. Cocaine produces exhilaration but may cause blood
pressure, insomnia and persecution complex. Barbies creates jovial mood, but is
may cause disorientation, coma and make the user violent. Benzodiazepines may
cause hepatitis, abscesses and even AIDS, LSD may cause damage to body
organs, raises BP.
Drug users are always at risk of variety of diseases. Addiction to drugs is not an
individual problem, but is looming large as a social problem evading all probable
solutions. In India, drug addiction is increasing. Official estimates show that
there are between 500,000 to 700,000 heroin addicts in India. Article 47 of the
Constitution enjoins that the state shall Endeavour to bring about prohibition of
Consumption, except for medicinal purposes, intoxicating drinks and drugs
which are injurious to health. To check this alarming increase in the number of
people taking drugs, the Govt. of India has taken important steps both in
legislation and enforcement to combat drugs.
The basic factor responsible for proneness to drugs is the sickening emotional
and psychological surrounding that leave the victim with no other option than to
seek momentary escape from the mental tension. If the young ones are ensured
of proper love and care, these problems will not arise. They may not feel
compelled to try floating sensations. If that happens a large number of young
men would be saved from this curse.

A volcano is an opening, in the planets surface which allows hot, molten rock,
ash and gases to escape from below the surface.

The name, volcano originates from the name Vulcan, a god of fire in Roman
mythology. Volcanoes are like giant safety valves that release the pressure that
builds up inside the Earth. The Hawaii islands were formed by 5 volcanoes.
Classified by the extent of their activity volcanoes are of four types. An active
volcano is one that erupts regularly. There are about 500 known active volcanoes
on Earth, not counting those that lie beneath the sea.
A dormant volcano is one that has not erupted for many years, although there is
still some activity deep inside it. An extinct volcano is one which has ceased to
be active.
A volcanic eruption occurs when hot rocks and lava burst from a volcano; and
geysers and springs are actually just volcanoes that throw boiling water high in
the air. They are caused by volcanic heat warming trapped ground water.
The liquid rocks inside a volcano are called magma and when it flows out it is
called as lava. Fresh lava has temperatures from 700 degrees C to 1200C and
glows red-hot to white hot as it flows. The most dangerous volcanic eruption
recorded is the eruption of Mount St. Helens in Washington.
The tallest volcano in the world is the Ojos del Salado, a volcano in Chile. The
worlds largest volcano is the Muano Loa in Hawaii.
Volcanoes are generally concentrated on the edge of continents, along the island
chain, or beneath the sea forming long mountain ranges. A major part of the
worlds active volcanoes above sea level encircle the Pacific Ocean forming the
Ring of Fire.
Volcanoes can have serious affects on the lands and people around them when
they erupt. The destruction they leave in their wake accounts for the total
annihilation of the surrounding landscape. Around 2, 00,000 people have lost
their lives to volcanic eruptions in the past five hundred years.
Buildings are destroyed, people are rendered homeless, people are killed, plant
and animal life are both destroyed and the poisonous gases that emanate from
the volcanoes can cause death and diseases like pneumonia in the people who
survive it.

However not everything associated with the volcanoes is negative. The crust of
the earth exists due to
the large volumes of magma that did not erupt but instead cooled below the
surface. It results in rich soil which is good for cultivation.
The volcanic ash that blows out of the volcano increases soil fertility by adding
nutrients to the soil. Ground water heated by magma can be tapped for
geothermal energy. Most of the metallic minerals like copper, gold, silver, lead
and zinc are mined from the magmas found deep within the roots of extinct
volcanoes.
With the increasing studies done by scientists on volcanoes it is becoming
possible to gauge the activity level of a volcano. With this information although it
might not be possible to prevent the erupting of a volcano at least the massive
destruction of lives can be avoided by getting people evacuated in time.