St.

Michaels College
College of Education
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An Analysis of the Poem

If By
Rudyard Kipling
And
The story
The Wedding Dance
By: Amador Daguio
Submitted by: Princess Majeca B.Icalina
BSED-Eng III
Submitted To: Prof. Esmeralda P. Ege
January 15. 2016

If
By Rudyard Kipling
If you can keep your head when all about you
Are losing theirs and blaming it on you,

If you can trust yourself when all men doubt you,

But make allowance for their doubting too;
If you can wait and not be tired by waiting,
Or being lied about, dont deal in lies,
Or being hated, dont give way to hating,
And yet dont look too good, nor talk too wise:
If you can dreamand not make dreams your master;
If you can thinkand not make thoughts your aim;
If you can meet with Triumph and Disaster
And treat those two impostors just the same;
If you can bear to hear the truth youve spoken
Twisted by knaves to make a trap for fools,
Or watch the things you gave your life to, broken,
And stoop and build em up with worn-out tools:
If you can make one heap of all your winnings
And risk it on one turn of pitch-and-toss,
And lose, and start again at your beginnings
And never breathe a word about your loss;
If you can force your heart and nerve and sinew
To serve your turn long after they are gone,
And so hold on when there is nothing in you
Except the Will which says to them: Hold on!
If you can talk with crowds and keep your virtue,
Or walk with Kingsnor lose the common touch,
If neither foes nor loving friends can hurt you,
If all men count with you, but none too much;
If you can fill the unforgiving minute
With sixty seconds worth of distance run,
Yours is the Earth and everything thats in it,
Andwhich is moreyoull be a Man, my son!

1. The Poetic line

If one thing is for certain, it is that the speaker of this poem loves the word "If." He loves it so much he
uses it 13 times. In a poem that's only 32 lines, that's nearly every two lines. Now the speaker doesn't use
this word a million times because he has some kind of problem or anything like thatfar from it. By the
end of the poem, we learn that the speaker is talking to his son and the poem is partly instructional. The
speaker, then, is not just a father, but a father who is putting his parent-as-teacher cap on for all to see.

2. The Sound of Words

The pesky first stanza, which has the following rhyme scheme: AAAABCBC. Yeah, we know this is a little
odd, not to mention unoriginal (Kipling rhymes "you" with "you" three lines in a row). In a poem that is so
balanced (4 octets, or eight-line stanzas) with strict meter, the first stanza is like a sore thumb that sticks
out. Okay, so why put a sore thumb in the poem then, Mr. Kipling? Simple: this poem is about the
uncertainty of lifemoney is lost, people turn their backs on other people, stuff gets destroyed. In a poem
that is partly about how life throws you curve balls, the first stanza actually makes sense. It is the poem's
curve ball, the poem's way of, again, displaying one of the poem's major themes.

3. Meter
(Mainly) Iambic Pentameter
Kipling's "If" is written in iambic pentameter, that most famous of English meters. You may have
encountered it already in your literary travels, but if you haven't here's a quick run-down:
A line of iambic pentameter consists of ten syllables, divided into five groups (or feet). Each foot consists
of an iamb, or an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. An iamb produces a rhythm like
daDUM. Just check out line 2:
Are losing theirs and blaming it on you.
4. Imagery
If "If" is anything, it is a poem about endurance, about persevering, even in hard times. And we don't mean
just literal endurance, as in the final stanza's discussion of distance running. There is also emotional,
orfigurative enduranceall that business about holding on, and finding the will to continue, even when
one's body feels like it's about to break. In many ways, "If" is a poem about strength, and at times it seems
like its underlying theme is "only the strong survive."
5. Tone
The speaker talks about the importance of not getting tired of waiting. If nothing else, this line emphasizes
the importance of patience, itself a form of endurance.
"If" is a poem of extremes. If one thing is for certain, it's that whenever the speaker wants to make a point
he goes from one extreme to the other. In stanza 2 there's "Triumph and Disaster," breaking and
rebuilding in the third stanza, and then friends and foes, kings and commoners in the fourth stanza.

Figures Of Speech
Metaphor

Lines 13-14: The word "bear" here means something like "endure" or "put up with," while the whole
idea of having one's truth twisted is a metaphor for abuse and misuse of one's words.

Lines 15-16: "Watch" means literally watch, but it's also a metaphor for endurance or being able to
suffer through the pain of watching what is near and dear be destroyed.

Lines 21-24: These lines anticipate that "distance run" business of the final stanza, but also stress
the importance of the Will. The word "gone" in the description of nerves and sinews seems to be a
metaphor for exhaustion, or fatigue.

Personification

Lines 11-12: Triumph and Disasterthese personifications represent pretty much opposing ends of
the emotional spectrum. You're either a winner or a loser. All the same, the advice here is not to let
either experience influence your mindset.

Alliteration

Line 27: This alliterative line follows a similar pattern as lines 25-26. The speaker's listener (his son)
must not allow his foes or his "loving friends" (both F words) to hurt him

Synechdoche

"Heart and nerve and sinew" here is a classic example of synechdoche. These three words are the
speaker's way of saying "muscles" or "body," but in a way that calls attention to the actual, physical
components of motion: nerves and sinews.

Metonymy

Lines 25-26: To be a man, or to be a leader, the listener must be able to hang out with kings and
commoners and neither loses the common touch, nor his virtue. The kings and crowds
here symbolize the two extremes of the social spectrum.

Short Story Analysis

The Wedding Dance by: Amador Daguio
There was a couple named Awiyao and Lumnay. They were married for a long time but Awiyao her
husband has to marry another girl named Madulimay because Lumnay cannot bear a child. On the night
of the wedding of Awiyao and Madulimay, Awiyao went to his and Lumnay's house where they used to
live to personally invite his ex wife to join the dance but Lumnay refuses to join. Lumnay is the best dancer
in their tribe.
They had a heart-to-heart talk about their separation, and on their conversation they found out that the couple still
had a thing on each other. They still love each other but they have to separate because their tribes custom is--every
man in that tribe should have one (or more) child that would carry his name and if his wife cannot give him a child
he can marry another woman. It's a man's necessity to have a child.
Lumnay can hardly let go of her husband. The two both agreed that if Awiyao's second marriage did not work, he
will go back to Lumnay's arms and this was sealed by the beads that Lumnay will keep. Then Awiyao goes back to
the wedding because someone is calling him already. After being fetched by others, Lumnay decided to go to the
wedding not to dance or to join the celebration but to stop the wedding. She decided to break the unwritten law of
her tribe, but when she is near all her guts to stop the wedding suddenly disappeared. She did not have the
courage to break into the wedding feast. Lumnay walked away from the dancing ground, away from the village.
She went to the mountain instead and in the mountain is where she diverted all her bitterness in her and she partly
reminisce their story of Awiyao.

PLOT

Introduction:
The story started when Awiyao went ti his and Lumnay's house to invite his ex-wife to join

the dance.

Rising Action:
Things get complicated when start talking, and she can't let go of Awiyao.

Climax

So much intense felt in the story when they both stated that they do not want any other man or
women for them. There so much intense formed when they stated that they still love each other.

Falling Action:
When Lumnay and Awiyao have to follow their Tribe's Custom.

Denouement:
When Awiyao was fetched by his friends and he had no choice but to go back to the wedding.

Characters
Awiyao
The Husband stated in the short story. (Wedding dance)
Humorous and physically fit.

Lumnay

The wife of Awiyao.

The woman who was left by her husband (Awiyao) because she cannot bear a child.
Beautiful, a good dancer, strong in planting beans, fast in cleaning jars, and a good housekeeper,

Madulimay

Awiyao's new wife.

SETTING
Place:
Mountain somewhere in Philippines
House of Lumnay's and her Ex husband Awiyao
Time:
A long time ago.
Mood or Atmosphere:
Sad, there is regret and intense
Theme
True Love- is all about sacrifices and hope.
That in life, love is never enough to have a happy ending. Sometimes you need to set someone free not
because you don't love him/her but because it's the best for the both of you
POV
The Point of View used in this short story is the Omniscient Limited - The author used the third person (he
is using pronouns such as they, she, he, it, etc) to tell us the story. We can only see or feel the thoughts
and feelings of the characters if he allows it to reveal on us. We only know what the character knows and
what the author allow us to know.
Conflict

Man vs. Society

The conflict here is Man vs. Society .The lead characters have to follow their tribes custom , and it is
resolved when they had a heart-to heart talk that they should separate and continue with their separate
lives. And if Awiyao's second marriage will not work he will come back to Lumnay's arms again. They
should follow their tribe's custom and on the part of Awiyao he shows that he really wanted to have a child
to follow his name but there is a bit hesitance on Lumnay's part.

Symbol
"I'll keep them because they stand for the love you have for me," she said. "I love you. I love you and have
nothing to give."
--> Beads- in the Story, the beads represents the great love of Lumnay to her Ex husband Awiyao. Awiyao
gave the beads to Lumnay as a gift, he said that she can keep the beads and it is worth 20 fields but
Lumnay said that she will keep the beads because of her love to Awiyao.