Editorial Board

Chairman
S Satish Kumar
Technical Paper Review Panel
S Usha
N Balashanmugam
Dr. C K Srinivasa
K K Rajagopal
B R Mohanraj
Editor
Mallikarjun G
Editorial Assistants
Shashi Rekha N
Mala RC

Annual Subscription*
Inland 1000.00 + Service
Tax (ST) @14.5%
Single Copy 100.00 + ST@14.5%
Foreign USD 100

Vol. 14

No. 12

December 2015

Contents
Technical Papers
Comparison between riveted joints and friction stir
welded joints of AA2014 aluminum alloy
C Rajendran, K Srinivasan, V Balasubramanian, H Balaji
and P Selvaraj

Development of cloud based machining optimization

system
Deepjyoti Baruah and M Chandrasekaran

Integrated production inventory distribution

optimization in a multi- echelon supply chain
T V S R K Prasad, Kolla Srinivas and C Srinivas

16

Select Bibliography: Metal Forming

22

Calendar of Events

25

Photo Gallery: Vintage Machine: The Old Time Chain Lathe

28

Manufacturing Technology Abstracts

29

Used In 1875

CMTI members will receive the

journal against their membership

Disclaimer:

Technical Data Select Bibliography of Standards: Metal Forming

presented and views expressed
by the authors are their own.
CMTI does not assume any Patent Abstracts: Flow Forming
responsibility for the same.

Technology Trends

*All payments are to be made by Product Information: Flow Forming Machine

demand draft drawn in favour
of Central Manufacturing
Technology Institute, Bangalore' IPR News: A - Z Definitions of Intellectual Property Terminology

41
42
50
52
53

Bibliography

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY: METAL FORMING

Forming, or metal forming, is the metal working process
of fashioning metal parts and objects through mechanical
deformation; the workpiece is reshaped without adding or
removing material and its mass remains unchanged. Forming
operates on the materials science principle of plastic
deformaton, where the physical shape of a material is
permanently deformed.
1. Determination of friction law in dry metal
forming with DLC coated tool
Wang, ZG; Yoshikawa, Y; Suzuki, T; Osakada, K
[CIRP Annals, V 63, N 1, 2014, Starting page
277, 4 Pages] Rec. No: 110225
2. Ductile fracture and free surface roughening
behaviors of pure copper foils for micro/
meso-scale forming
Furushima, Tsuyoshi; Tsunezaki, Hitomi;
Manabe, Ken-ichi; Alexsandrov, Sergei [Int
J of Machine Tools & Manufacture, V 76, 2014,
Starting page 34, 15 Pages] Rec. No: 110026
3. Effect of material scatter on the plastic
behavior and stretchability in sheet metal
forming
Wiebenga, JH; Atzema, EH; An, YG; Vegter,
H; van den Boogaard, AH [J of Materials
Processing Technology, V 214, N 2, 2014,
Starting page 238, 15 Pages] Rec. No: 110031
4. On the influence of workpiece material
on friction in microforming and lubricant
effectiveness
Taureza, Muhammad; Song, Xu; Castagne,
Sylvie [J of Materials Processing Technology,
V 214, N 4, 2014, Starting page 998, 10 Pages]
Rec. No: 110347
5. Dimpling process in cold roll metal forming
by finite element modelling and experimental
validation
Nguyen, VB; Wang, CJ; Mynors, DJ; English,
MA; Castellucci, MA [J of Manufacturing
Processes, V 16, N 3, 2014, Starting page 363,
10 Pages] Rec. No: 110287
6. Local heating method by near-infrared rays
for forming of non-quenchable advanced
high-strength steels
Lee, Eun-Ho; Hwang, June-Sun; Lee, ChangWhan; Yang, Dong-Yol; Yang, Woo-Ho [J of
Materials Processing Technology, V 214,
N 4, 2014, Starting page 784, 10 Pages]
Rec. No: 110288
22

7. Development of a biaxial loading frame for

sheet metal
Wilson, Joseph F; Kinsey, Brad L; Korkolis,
Yannis P [J of Manufacturing Processes, V 15,
N 4, 2013, Starting page 580, 6 Pages]
Rec. No: 109740
8. Development of co-ordinate retrieval system
in CAD for satellite component by shear
forming process
Ravikumar, B; Gajanana, S; Hemachandra
Reddy, K; Nigam, KN [Manufacturing
Technology Today, V 12, N 3, 2013, Starting
page 5, 5 Pages] Rec. No: 109045
9. Development of a new procedure for the
experimental determination of the forming
limit curves
Banabic, D; Lazarescu, L; Paraianu, L; Ciobanu,
I; Nicodim, I; Comsa, DS [CIRP Annals, V 62,
N 1, 2013, Starting page 255, 4 Pages]
Rec. No: 109279
10. Methodology for off-line evaluation of new
environmentally friendly tribo-systems for
sheet metal forming
Ceron, Ermanno; Bay, Niels [CIRP Annals,
V 62, N 1, 2013, Starting page 231, 4 Pages]
Rec. No: 109419
11. Warm forming die design, part I: Experimental
validation of a novel thermal finite element
modeling code
Harrison, NR; Rubekb, V; Friedmana, PA [J of
Manufacturing Processes, V 15, N 2, 2013,
Starting page 263, 10 Pages] Rec. No: 109477
12. New method for predicting Forming Limit
Curves from mechanical properties
Abspoel, Michael; Scholting, Marc E;
Droog, John MM [J of Materials Processing
Technology, V 213, N 5, 2013, Starting
page 759, 11 Pages] Rec. No: 109798
13. Cruciform shape benefits for experimental
and numerical evaluation of sheet metal
formability

Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015

Bibliography

Lionel Leotoing; Dominique Guines; Ibrahim

Zidane; Eric Ragneau [J of Materials Processing
Technology, V 213, N 6, 2013, Starting
page 856, 8 Pages] Rec. No: 109853
14. Analysis of fluid lubrication mechanisms in
metal forming at mesoscopic scale
Dubar, L; Hubert, C; Christiansen, P; Bay, N;
Dubois, A [CIRP Annals, V 61, N 1, 2012, Starting
page 271, 4 Pages] Rec. No: 109210
15. An experimental and numerical investigation
on polymer melt injected sheet metal forming
Hussain, Muhammad Masood; Trompeter,
Michael; Witulski, Jrg; Tekkaya, A Erman [J of
Manufacturing Sci & Engg: ASME Trans, V 134,
N 3, 2012, Starting page 031005, 13 Pages]
Rec. No: 108706
16. Failure prediction for nonlinear strain paths in
sheet metal forming
Volk, Wolfram; Hoffmann, Hartmut; Suh,
Joungsik; Kim, Jaekun [CIRP Annals, V 61,
N 1, 2012, Starting page 259, 4 Pages]
Rec. No: 109099
17. Balancing procedure for energy and material
flows in sheet metal forming
Goschel, A; Sterzing, A; Schonherr, J [CIRP J
of Manufacturing Science & Technology, V 4,
N 2, 2011, Starting page 170, 10 Pages]
Rec. No: 108213
18. Hot sheet metal forming: the formulation of
graded component characteristics based on
strategic temperatures management for toolbased and incremental forming operations
Neugebaucer, R; Schieck, F; Rautenstrauch, A;
Bach, M [CIRP J of Manufacturing Science &
Technology, V 4, N 2, 2011, Starting page 180,
9 Pages] Rec. No: 108192
19. Tooling System Design for Forming Aluminum
Beverage Can End Shells
Yamazaki, Koetsu; Han, Jing; Otsuka, Takayasu;
Hasegawa, Takashi; Nishiyama, Sadao [J of
Mechanical Design: ASME Trans, V 133, N 11,
2011, Starting page 114502, 6 Pages]
Rec. No: 108488
20. Impact of superimposed pressure on dieless
incremental sheet metal forming with two
moving tools
Meier, H; Magnus, C; Smukala, V [CIRP Annals,
V 60/1, 2011, Starting page 327, 4 Pages]
Rec. No: 108503
21. Smart
Structures
assembly
through
incremental forming
Groche, P; Turk, M [CIRP Annals, V 60/1, 2011,
Starting page 21, 4 Pages] Rec. No: 108512
22. Fundamental investigations on the material
flow at combined sheet and bulk metal

forming processes
Merklein, M; Koch, J; Opel, S; Schneider, T
[CIRP J of Manufacturing and Technology,
V 60, N 1, 2011, Starting page 283, 4 Pages]
Rec. No: 108386
23. Environmentally benign tribo-systems for
metal forming
Bay, N; Azushima, A; Groche, P; Ishibashi,
I; Merklein, M; Morishita, M; Nakamura, T;
Schmid, S; Yoshida, M [CIRP Annals, V 59,
N 2, 2010, Starting page 760, 21 Pages]
Rec. No: 105729
24. Effect of draw bead profile and location in
sheet metal drawing process - finite element
analysis and experimental validation
Murali, G; Gopal, M; Rajadurai, A
[Manufacturing Technology Today, V 9, N 6,
2010, Starting page 18, 9 Pages]
Rec. No: 105479
25. Predictions of forming limit diagram for AISI
316LN-austenitic stainless steel
Ramadoss, R; Rajadurai, A [Manufacturing
Technology Today, V 9, N 7-8, 2010, Starting
page 20, 10 Pages] Rec. No: 105549
26. Time dependent determination of forming
limit diagrams
Merklein, M; Kuppert, A; Geiger, M [CIRP
Annals, V 59, N 1, 2010, Starting page 295,
4 Pages] Rec. No: 105915
27. Investigation into forming sequences for the
incremental forming of doubly curved plates
using the line array roll set (LARS) process
Shim, DS; Yang, DY; Kim, KH; Chung, SW; Han,
MS [Int J of Machine Tools & Manufacture,
V 50, N 2, 2010, Starting page 214, 5 Pages]
Rec. No: 106046
28. Sheet metal forming limit prediction based on
plastic deformation energy
Chen, J; Zhou, X; Chen, J [J of Materials
Processing Tech, V 210, N 2, 2010, Starting
page 315, 08 Pages] Rec. No: 106507
29. Asymmetric forming of aluminum sheets by
synchronous spinning
Shimizu, I [J of Materials Processing Tech,
V 210, N 4, 2010, Starting page 585, 8 Pages]
Rec. No: 106561
30. Studies on hole-flanging process using
multistage incremental forming
Cui, Z; Gao, L [CIRP J of Manufacturing and
Technology, V 2, N 2, 2010, Starting page 124,
5 Pages] Rec. No: 105267
31. History of plasticity and metal forming
analysis
Osakada, K [J of Materials Processing Tech,
V 210, N 11, 2010, Starting page 1436,

Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015

23

Bibliography

19 Pages] Rec. No: 106645

32. Sheet metal forming with the aid of flexible
punch, numerical approach and experimental
validation
Ramezani, M; Ripin, ZM; Ahmad, R [CIRP J of
Manufacturing and Technology, V 3, N 3, 2010,
Starting page 196, 8 Pages] Rec. No: 108068
33. Identification of rheological models and
boundary conditions in metal forming
Szeliga, D; Pietrzyk, M [Int J of Materials &
Production Tech, V 39, N 3-4, 2010, Starting
page 388, 18 Pages] Rec. No: 108005
34. Formability and surface finish studies in single
point incremental forming
Samajit Singh; Bhattacharya, A; Reddy, NV [3rd
Int. & 24th AIMTDR Conf, Visakhapatnam,
Dec 2010, V 1, 2010, Starting page 133,
5 Pages] Rec. No: 108251
35. Autonomous on-line system for fracture
identification at incremental sheet forming
Petek, A; Kuzman, K; Suhac, B [CIRP Annals,
V 58, N 1, 2009, Starting page 283, 4 Pages]
Rec. No: 105026
36. New lubricant carrier for metal forming
Arentoft, M; Bay, N; Tang, PT; Jensen, JD [CIRP
Annals, V 58, N 1, 2009, Starting page 243,
4 Pages] Rec. No: 105172
37. Closed-loop feedback control of product
properties in flexible metal forming processes
with mobile tools
Allwoo, JM; Music, O; Raithathna, A; Duncan,
SR [CIRP Annals, V 58, N 1, 2009, Starting
page 287, 4 Pages] Rec. No: 105181
38. Sheet metal forming of piezoceramicmetal-laminar structures - simulation and
experimental analysis
Drossel, WG; hensel, S; Kranz, B; Nestler, M;
Goeschel, A [CIRP Annals, V 58, N 1, 2009,
Starting page 279, 4 Pages] Rec. No: 105183
39. Simple dry friction model for metal forming
process
Leu, D K [J of Materials Processing Tech,
V 209, N 5, 2009, Starting page 2361, 8 Pages]
Rec. No: 106986
40. Application of a ductile fracture criterion to
the prediction of the forming limit of sheet
metals
Liu, H; Yang, Y; Yu, Z; Sun, Z; Wang, Y [J of
Materials Processing Tech, V 209, N 12-13,
2009, Starting page 5443, 5 Pages]
Rec. No: 106391
41. Analysis of plastic flow localization under
strain paths changes and its coupling with
finite element simulation in sheet metal
forming
24

Rocha, A B; Santos, A D; Teixeira, P; Butuc,

M C [J of Materials Processing Tech, V 209,
N 11, 2009, Starting page 5097, 13 Pages]
Rec. No: 106366
42. New formability indicator in single point
incremental forming
Hussain, G; Gao, L; Hayat, N; Ziran, Xu [J of
Materials Processing Tech, V 209, N 9, 2009,
Starting page 4237, 6 Pages] Rec. No: 106252
43. Computer aided modelling of friction in
rubber-pad forming process
Ramezani, M; Ripin, ZM; Ahmad, R [J of
Materials Processing Tech, V 209, N 10, 2009,
Starting page 4925, 10 Pages] Rec. No: 106321
44. Overview
of
stabilizing
deformation
mechanisms in incremental sheet forming
Emmens, WC; Boogaard, AH [J of Materials
Processing Tech, V 209, N 8, 2009, Starting
page 3688, 8 Pages] Rec. No: 106208
45. Influence of tool rotation on an incremental
forming process
Durante, M; Formisano, A; Langella, A;
Minutolo, FMC [J of Materials Processing Tech,
V 209, N 9, 2009, Starting page 4621, 6 Pages]
Rec. No: 106236
46. Increasing the part accuracy in dieless robotbased incremental sheet metal forming
Meier, H; Buff, B; Laurischkat, R; Smukala,
V [CIRP Annals, V 58, N 1, 2009, Starting page
233, 06 Pages] Rec. No: 106681
47. Multi-stage metal forming: Variation and
transformation
Post, J; Klaseboer, G; Stinstra, E; Amstel, T;
Huetink, J [J of Materials Processing Tech,
V 209, N 5, 2009, Starting page 2648, 14 Pages]
Rec. No: 107020
48. Plastic instability in complex strain paths and
finite element simulation for localised necking
prediction in sheet metal forming technology
Rocha, AB; Santos, AD; Teixeira, P; Butuc,
MC [Int J of Materials & Product Tech,
V 32, N 4, 2008, Starting page 434, 13 Pages]
Rec. No: 104550
49. Tool for optimal design of manufacturing
chain based on metal forming
Pietzyk, M; Madej, L; Weglarczyk, S [CIRP
Annals, V 57, 2008, Starting page 309,
4 Pages] Rec. No: 104382
50. Metal forming simulation - issues and
optimum design
Echempati, R [Proc Int Conf on Frontiers in
Design & Mfg Engg (ICDM-08), 2008, Starting
page 33, 8 Pages] Rec. No: 105097

Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015

Events

INDIA

03 Jan 2016
Technoarete-International
Conference
on
Emerging Trends in Electronics, Electrical and
Mechanical Engineering(ICEEME-16)
Hyderabad
Contact:
ITR
Tel: +91-7735508167
Email: info@technoarete.com
Web: http://technoarete.com

03 Jan 2016
IRAJ-International Conference on Computer
Science and Mechanical Engineering (ICCSME)
Hotel Trinity Isle, # 139, Subedar Chatram Road,
Swastik Circle, Sheshadripuram, Bangalore 560 020
Contact:
ITR
Tel: +91-8984829561
Email: info@iraj.in
Web: http://iraj.in/Conference/2015/Bangalore

07 - 09, Jan 2016
5th AIA Industrial Expo 2016
D. A. Anandpura Sports Complex GIDC, Ankleshwar,
Gujarat
Contact:
Ankleshwar Industries Association
Web: http://www.indianevents.org

10 Jan 2016
IT RESEARCH-International Conference on
Mechanical & Production Engineering ICMPE-2016
Hotel Presidency, 1471/A, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar,
Orissa, - 751015, National Highway 5, ESIC Quarters,
Nayapalli, Bhubaneshwar,
Contact:
Er. Bijan Kumar Barik
E-mail : Bkb.itresearch@gmail.com
Mob. - +91-9776047497
ITRESEARCH
Tel: +91-8984829561
Email: info@itresearch.org.in
Web: http://itresearch.org.in/Conference2016

11 - 12 Jan 2016
Intl Conf - i-Bharat with the theme of Embracing
Technology: Transforming India
Federation House, New Delhi
Contact:
Mr Sudhir Malik, Research Assistant
IT & Telecom Division
FICCI, Federation House, Tansen Marg, New

Delhi-110001
Tel: 91-11-23487217 Fax: 91-11-23320714
Email: ficci.it@ficci.com
Web: http://www.ficci.com

21 - 26 Jan 2016
IMTEX 2016: Indian Machine Tool Exhibition
Bangalore International Exhibition Centre (BIEC)
10th Mile, Tumkur Road, Madavara Post
Dasanapura Hobli, Bangalore
Contact:
IMTMA (Indian Machine Tool Manufactuers
Association), 10th Mile, Tumkur Road, Bangalore
Tel: +91-80-66246600 Fax: +91-80-66246661
Email: imtma@imtma.in
Web: http://www.eventseye.com

27 - 29 Jan 2016
ARRMA-2016 - Conference on Advances in
Refractory and Reactive Metals and Alloys
Multipurpose Hall, TSH, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai,
Contact:
J. K. Chakravartty
Chairman, Director, Materials Group, BARC
Dr. Sanjib Majumdar, Convener, ARRMA 2016
Scientific Officer, Materials Processing Division
Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085
Tel: +91 22 2559 5313
Fax: +91 22 2559 5151
Email: convener@arrma2016.com,
Web: http://www.arrma2016.com

29 - 31 Jan 2016
International exhibition on foundry technology,
equipment and supplies
Codissia Trade Fair Complex,
Avinashi Road, 641 014 Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu
Contact:
Koelnmesse YA Tradefair Pvt. Ltd.
Office 1102, 11th Floor DLH Park, S. V. Road
400067 Mumbai
Tel: +91 (0)22 28715200 Fax: +91 (0)22 28715222
Email: info@koelnmesse-india.com
Web: http://www.tradefairdates.com

29 Jan - 01 Feb 2016
Electricals & Electronics Expo
Labhganga Exhibition Center in Indore
Contact:
Future Communications
Lokmanya Nagar,Kesharbaug Road, Indore 452009
(M.P.), Indore, India
Web: http://10times.com

29 Jan - 01 Feb 2016
Industrial Engineering Expo- IEE 2016
Labhganga Exhibition Center, Near Radisson Hotel,

Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015

25

Events

Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Contact:
Future Communications,
Lokmanya Nagar,Kesharbaug Road, Indore 452009
(M.P.), Indore, India
Web: http://10times.com

29 Jan - 01 Feb 2016
Pumps, Valves & Systems Expo
Labhganga Exhibition Center, Indore
Contact:
Future Communications
Lokmanya Nagar,Kesharbaug Road, Indore 452009
(M.P.), Indore
Web: http://10times.com

19 - 21 Feb 2016
International trade fair for engineering, machinery
and machine tools
Auto Cluster Exhibition Center, 411019 Pune,
Maharashtra
Contact:
K & D Communication Ltd.
4th Floor, Chinubhai House, 7-B Amrutbaug Society
380014 Ahmedabad
Tel: +91 (0)79 26469725
Fax: +91 (0)79 26403087
Email: events@kmgindia.com
Web: http://www.tradefairdates.com

24 - 26 Feb 2016
Trade fair for automotive test, evaluation and
quality engineering
Chennai Trade Center, Poonamali High Road,
600010 Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Contact:
UKIP Media & Events Ltd.
Abinger House Church Street
RH41DF Dorking, Great Britain & Northern Ireland
Tel: +44 (0)1306 743744
Fax: +44 (0)1306 742525
Email: info@ukipme.com
Web: http://www.tradefairdates.com

07 - 08 Apr 2016
ICDAMS2016 Intl Conference on Design,
Analysis, Manufacturing and Simulation
Saveetha University, Chennai
Contact:
Dr. V. Jaykumar
Dept of Mech Engg, Saveetha School of Engineering,
Saveetha University, Chennai 602 105, Tamilnadu
Tel: 044-66726662;
Email: icdams2016@gmail.com
Web: http://www.icdams2016.com
26

International

25 - 26 Dec 2015
Technoarete-Intl Conf on Current Research in
Mechanical, Mechatronics, Robotics & Civil Engg
Bangkok, Thailand
Contact:
Technoarete, Tel: +91-9677007228
Email: technoareteresearch@gmail.com
Web: http://allconferencealert.net
27 - 28 Dec 2015
2nd Intl Conf on Applied Mechanics (ICOAM 2015)
Chengd, China
Contact:
Tel: 18062000004
Email: aimeezhou@saise.org
Web: http://www.conference-service.com

10 - 13 Jan 2016
International trade fair for moldmaking and
tooling, design and application development
Expo Center, Al Taawun Street, Sharjah, Sharjah,
UAE
Contact:
Demat GmbH, Carl-von-Noorden-Platz 5
60041 Frankfurt, Germany
Tel: +49 (0)69 2740030 Fax: +49 (0)69 27400340
Email: info@demat.com
Web: http://www.tradefairdates.com

12 - 14 Jan 2016
Trade fair for die casting
NrnbergMesse, Messezentrum 1, Nuremberg,
Bavaria, Germany
Contact:
NrnbergMesse GmbH, Messezentrum, 90471
Nuremberg, Germany
Tel: +49 (0)911 86060 Fax: +49 (0)911 86068228
Email: info@nuernbergmesse.de
Web: http://www.tradefairdates.com

16 - 17 Jan 2016
IIERD-Intl Conference on Nanostructures,
Nanomaterials & Nanoengineering( ICNNN-16)
Parsian Evin Hotel, Tehran, Chamran Hwy, Iran
Contact:
IIERD
Email: info@iierd.org
Web: http://allconferencealert.net

19 - 21 Jan 2016
Trade fair for automotive test, evaluation and
quality engineering
COEX Convention and Exhibition Center, Seoul-si

Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015

Events

Gangnam-gu Samseong-dong 159, 135-731 Seoul,

Seoul, South Korea
Contact:
UKIP Media & Events Ltd., Abinger House Church
Street, RH41DF Dorking,
Great Britain & Northern Ireland
Tel: +44 (0)1306 743744
Fax: +44 (0)1306 742525
Email: info@ukipme.com
Web: http://www.tradefairdates.com

26 - 29 Jan 2016
Trade fair for manufacturing technology and
engineering
Messe Hamburg, Messeplatz 1, 20357 Hamburg,
Hamburg, Germany
Contact:
Hamburg Messe und Congress GmbH
Messeplatz 1, 20357 Hamburg, Germany
Tel: +49 (0)40 35690
Fax: +49 (0)40 35692180
Email: info@hamburg-messe.de
Web: http://www.tradefairdates.com

27 - 29 Jan 2016
Nano Tech Tokyo: Trade fair for nanotechnology
Tokyo Big Sight, 3-21-1 Ariake Kotu-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Contact:
ICS Convention Design, Inc.
Jinbocho Bldg., 3-24, Kanda-Nishikicho, Chiyoda-ku
101-8449 Tokyo, Japan
Tel: +81 (0)3 32193567
Fax: +81 (0)3 32193628
Email: nanotech@ics-inc.co.jp
Web: http://www.tradefairdates.com

27 - 29 Jan 2016
International trade fair for semiconductor
technology
COEX Convention and Exhibition Center,
Seoul-si Gangnam-gu Samseong-dong 159,
135-731 Seoul, Seoul, South Korea
Contact:
SEMI Global Headquarters, 3081 Zanker Road
95134 San Jos, USA
Tel: +1 (4)08 9436900
Fax: +1 (4)08 4289600
Email: semihq@semi.org
Web: http://www.tradefairdates.com

02 - 04 Feb 2016
International Tradefair for manufacturing, metal
and plastic processing
Cintermex, Ave. Fundidora 501 col. Obrera
64010 Monterrey, Nuevo Len, Mexico
Contact:
E. J. Krause & Associates, Inc., Mrsenbroicher

Weg 191, 40470 Dsseldorf, Germany

Tel: +49 (0)211 610730
Fax: +49 (0)211 6107337
Email: info@ejkgermany.de
Web: http://www.tradefairdates.com

09 - 11 Feb 2016
Trade fair for automation technology
Anaheim Convention Center, 800 West Katella
Avenue, CA 92802 Anaheim, California, USA
Contact:
UBM Canon
11444 W. Olympic Blvd
CA 90064 Los Angeles, USA
Tel: +1 (3)10 4454200
Fax: +1 (3)10 4454299
Email: info@ubm.com
Web: http://www.tradefairdates.com

09 - 12 Feb 2016
Metalwork and Welding Show 2016
Siberia Expocentre
Contact:
J.S.C. Krasnoyarsk Fair, 19, Aviatorov Str Krasnoyarsk
660049 (Russia)
Tel: 7-391-2288602
Fax: 7-391-2288513
Web: http://www.tradeindia.com

11 - 14 Feb 2016
Trade fair for welding, joining and cutting
technologies
Tyap Fair Convention & Congress Center
E-5 Karayolu zeri, Grpinar Kavsagi
34500 Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey
Contact:
Hannover-Messe International Istanbul Ltd.
Bykdere Cad. Sarli Is Merkezi No:103 B Blok Kat:
5-6, 34394 Istanbul, Turkey
Tel: +90 (2)12 3346900
Fax: +90 (2)12 3346934
Email: info@hf-turkey.com
Web:http://www.tradefairdates.com

18 - 20 Feb 2016
Exhibition for the Metal and Steel Industry
CICC Cairo International Convention Center
El Nasr Rd., 11757 Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
Contact:
Arabian German for Exhibitions & Publishing Ltd.
30 Mustafa Hamam st., Cairo, Egypt
Tel: +20 (0)2 22629682
Fax: +20 (0)2 22619545
Email: mail@arabiangerman.com
Web: http://www.tradefairdates.com

Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015

27

Abstracts

Manufacturing Technology Abstracts

CASTING & FOUNDRY PRACTICE

30

COATING & FINISHING

30

CAD/CAM/CAE

31

FORMING

32

HYDRO FORMING

33

WARM FORMING

34

SHEET METAL WORKING

34

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

35

JOINING & ASSEMBLY

36

MACHINING

37

NON TRADITIONAL MACHINING

38

DIAMOND TURNING

39

GRINDING

39

LASER MACHINING

40

LASER WELDING

40

The topics on various aspects of

manufacturing technology can be discussed
in term of concepts, state of the art, research,
standards,
implementations,
running
experiments, applications, and industrial case
studies.

Authors from both research and industry
contributions are invited to submit complete
unpublished papers, which are not under review
in any other conference or journal.

Contact: The Editor,

Manufacturing Technology Today (MTT)
Email: mtt.cmti@nic.in

Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015

29

Abstracts

Manufacturing Technology Abstracts

CASTING & FOUNDRY PRACTICE
110522 Crack prediction using nonlinear finite
element analysis during pattern removal in
investment casting process
Li, H; Chandrashekhara, K;
Komaragiri, S; Lekakh, SN;
Richards, VL [J of Materials
Processing
Technology,
v 214, n 7, July 2014,
Starting Page 1418, Pages
9] A three-dimensional
transient thermo-mechanical coupled nonlinear
finite element model was developed to predict
the possible crack formation of ceramic shell during
rigid polymer pattern removal in the investment
casting process. A smeared crack model was used
to describe the response of the ceramic shell when
crack initiates. A foam degradation model was
implemented to account for the loss of mechanical
properties of the foam during firing process. The
effects of firing method, pattern type and complex
geometry were investigated. The simulation results
were validated with experimental findings. The
developed model not only serves as a useful tool
for designing foam patterns but also can be used
for optimizing firing process parameters in
investment casting process. (18 refs, 19 figs,
6 tables) (AA)
110523 Development of a continuous composite
casting process for the production of bilayer
aluminium strips
Nerl,
Christoph;
Wimmer, Martin;
H o f f m a n n ,
Hartmut; Kaschnitz,
Erhard; Langbein,
Falko; Volk, Wolfram
[J of Materials Processing Technology, v 214, n 7,
July 2014, Starting Page 1445, Pages 11] A thermal
process window to form a stable metallurgical
compound of AlSn6Cu and Al99.5 was obtained by
initial experiments. A special mould system for a
horizontal continuous composite casting process
was developed, supported by finite element
simulations. Preliminary 2D models were used to
identify the main process variables influencing the
temperature in the region where the compound
is formed between the two layers. The thickness
ratio of the layers and the initial temperature of
the AlSn6Cu substrate strip were found to be the
30

most important parameters.The special bilayer

mould system was manufactured and implemented
into an existing continuous casting device upgraded
by a second furnace to hold the additional pure
aluminium. A stable casting process was achieved.
The quality of the manufactured compound was
assessed by metallographic specimens cut from
the obtained bilayers. Based on temperature
measurements, a full 3D finite element model was
developed to gain a more realistic description of
the temperature and fluid flow conditions in the
composite casting, especially in the margin regions.
(17 refs, 20 figs, 4 tables) (AA)
110524 Development of an 8090/3003 bimetal
slab using a modified direct-chill casting process
Wang, Tongmin; Liang,
Chunhui; Chen, Zongning;
Zheng, Yuanping; Kang,
Huijun; Wang, Wei [J of
Materials
Processing
Technology, v 214, n 9, Sep
2014, Starting Page 1806,
Pages 6] A modified
direct-chill (DC) casting method was used to
prepare an 8090/3003 bimetal slab of aluminum
alloys with consistent mechanical properties. The
interface of the as-cast bimetal material was free
of detrimental intermetallic compounds, which
indicated excellent metallurgical bonding. A
diffusion layer with an average thickness of
approximately 80 m was obtained due to the
interdiffusion of Li, Mg, Cu and Mn at the bimetal
interface. The average ultimate tensile strength of
the as-cast bimetal slab was 101 MPa, and all
fractures occurred on the side of the softer 3003
alloy. T6 treatment was performed on the
bimetal slab to investigate the response of the slab
to heat treatment. The Vickers hardness of the
8090 side increased by 30% after T6 treatment,
reaching 153 HV. The Vickers hardness of the
interface layer also increased from 70 HV to 89 HV.
The solution strengthening was considered to
make the primary contributions on the hardness
improvement of the bimetal slab at the interface
after T6 treatment. (15 refs, 10 figs, 3 tables) (AA)

COATING & FINISHING

110525 Elastic impact of abrasives for controlled
erosion in fine finishing of surfaces
Sooraj, VS; Radhakrishnan, V [J of Manufacturing

Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015

Abstracts

Sci & Engg: ASME Trans, v 135, n 5, Oct 2013,

Starting Page 051019, Pages 12] Finishing of
surfaces using free abrasive impingement is one of
the constructive applications of erosive wear, well
suited for complex shaped engineering components
with difficult-to-access surfaces. Low velocity
impact of abrasives in a fluidized bed is reported as
a promising choice to impart fine finish on the
target surface. An improved methodology to
control the erosion and to achieve ultra fine finish
through elastic impact of abrasives, using a carrier
type-fluidized abrasive finishing, is discussed in this
paper. Using the basic concepts of impact theory
and contact mechanics, a revised mathematical
model to express the depth of erosion as a function
of material properties of target and erodent is
proposed. Modification in erodent abrasive to
introduce an elastic nature to the impact is
described in detail using the theoretical model.
This is substantiated through a particle-dropping
experimental study. The effect of multiple
impacts in a practical situation is also discussed
through a detailed experimental study, clearly
demonstrating the concepts of elastic impact
erosion for surface finishing. (41 refs, 17 figs,
1 table) (AA)
110526 Comparison of finishing characteristics
of two paramagnetic materials using double disc
magnetic abrasive finishing
Kala, Prateek; Pandey,
Pulak M [J of
Manufacturing
Processes, v 17, Jan
2015, Starting Page
63, Pages 15] Present paper demonstrates the
application of double disc magnetic abrasive
finishing
(DDMAF)
process,
on
planar
paramagnetic workpieces (copper alloy and
stainless steel) of different mechanical
properties like flow stress, hardness, shear
modulus, etc. The copper alloy and stainless steel
work pieces have been finished using DDMAF
process. The experiments were performed based
on a response surface methodology. The results
obtained after finishing have been analyzed to
determine the effect of different process
parameters like working gap, rotational speed,
percentage weight of abrasive, abrasive mesh size
and feed rate for individual work material and to
study various interaction effects that may

significantly affect the finishing performance of the

process. The outcomes of the analysis so obtained
for the two different work materials have been
critically compared to understand the effect of the
considered process parameters based on
mechanical properties. The scanning electron
microscopy was also conducted on the work piece
surface to understand the possible mechanism of
material removal and the surface morphology
produced. (25 refs, 19 figs, 9 tables) (AA)

CAD/CAM/CAE
110527 Automatically transforming objectoriented graph-based representations into
boolean satisfiability problems for computational
design synthesis
Mnzer, Clemens; Helms,
Bergen; Shea, Kristina [J of
Mechanical Design, v 135, n
10, Oct 2013, Starting Page
101001, Pages 13] This
paper presents an approach
that combines a graphbased
object-oriented
knowledge representation
with first-order logic and Boolean satisfiability.
This combination is used as the foundation for a
generic automated approach for requirementdriven computational design synthesis. Available
design building blocks and a design task defined
through a set of requirements are modeled in a
graph-based environment and then automatically
transferred into a Boolean satisfiability problem
and solved, considering a given solution size. The
Boolean solution is automatically transferred back
to the graph-based domain. The method is
validated through two case studies: synthesis of
automotive powertrains and chemical process
synthesis for ethyl alcohol production. The
contribution of the paper is a new method that is
able to determine if an engineering task is solvable
for a given set of synthesis building blocks and
enables systematic solution space exploration. (55
refs, 17 figs, 3 tables) (GM)
110528 Computer-aided measurement system
analysis of attribute data: A case of liner
manufacturing
Chowdhury, B; Deb, SK; Das, PC [Int J of Precision
Technology, v 4, n 1-2, 2014, Starting Page 69,
Pages 12] Measurement system analysis (MSA) is
an indispensable part of manufacturing processes.
However, performing MSA manually for attribute
data involves humongous effort. This paper
makes an attempt to perform the computer-

Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015

31

Abstracts

aided measurement system analysis (CMSA) of

attribute data using the statistical tool - analysis of
variance (ANOVA). The case of refrigerator liners
manufactured has been taken for the purpose of
the investigation. Currently, the plant does
not perform any MSA, which makes it difficult
to know any cause of variation owing to the
measuring system adopted. The gage repeatability
and reproducibility (gage R & R) analysis using
ANOVA is performed to understand and find
whether variations in the measuring system are
within the acceptable limits and do not deviate
significantly. The analysis would help to infer that
the measurement system is proficient enough
to measure the production data. (17 refs, 4 figs,
3 tables) (AA)

FORMING
110529 Extrusion process modeling for aqueousbased ceramic pastesPart 1: Constitutive model
Li, Mingyang; Tang, Lie;
Landers, Robert G; Leu, Ming
C [J of Manufacturing Sci &
Engg:ASME
Trans,
v 135, n 5, Oct 2013, Starting
Page 051008, Pages 7] The
extrusion
process
for
aqueous-based
ceramic
pastes is complex due to the
non-Newtonian behavior of
these pastes. In this study, the extrusion process is
modeled by characterizing the ceramic paste
viscosity using a modified HerschelBulkley model.
The steady-state relationship between plunger
velocity and extrusion force is built based
on this viscosity model and the NavierStokes
equations. The influence of air, which may be
trapped in the paste during the paste preparation
and loading processes, is also examined as it
significantly affects the dynamic response of the
extrusion force. Combining these effects with the
steady-state extrusion model, a constitutive
law for the extrusion process of aqueous-based
ceramic pastes is created. Because of the
compressibility introduced by the trapped air, the
dynamic response of the extrusion force is
described by a first-order nonlinear equation
when plunger velocity is taken as an input. It is
shown that the extrusion response time depends
on the amount of air in the extruder and the
magnitude of the extrusion force. Air bubble
release, a phenomenon that causes the extrusion
force to suddenly drop due to the change of paste
volume in the nozzle, is analyzed based on the
developed constitutive model. (15 refs, 3 figs) (AA)
32

110530
Development and applications of
forming-condition-based formability diagram for
split concerns in stamping
Zhang, Jianwei; Xu, Yanwu;
Hu, Ping; Zhao, Kunmin [J of
Manufacturing Processes, v
17, Jan 2015, Starting Page
151, Pages 11] This paper
introduces an advanced,
forming-condition-based
formability diagram for
accurately assessing the formability of complex
stampings.
The
forming-condition-based
formability diagram consists of a formability index
that rationally define two curves (marginal line and
safe line) and two zones (marginal zone and safe
zone). The formability index measures deformation
severity, tracks deformation history and predicts
deformation trend. The safety factor, defined as
the width of the marginal zone by means of the
formability index, takes into account the forming
conditions including deformation zone size,
forming mode, bending process model,
deformation history, metal flow pattern and postnecking deformation capacity of sheet metal. It is
demonstrated that, rather than the traditional
formability limit diagram, this formability diagram
can more accurately quantify the formability status
and can be used to determine the metal flow
adjustment ranges for solving split problems. Its
application to an automotive body side outer panel
shows that it is a robust tool for formability
engineering and troubleshooting through using
numerical simulations and/or circle grid analysis.
(23 refs, 10 figs, 2 tables) (AA)
110531 Extrusion process modeling for aqueousbased ceramic pastesPart 2: Experimental
verification
Li, Mingyang; Tang, Lie;
Landers, Robert G; Leu,
Ming C [J of Manufacturing
Sci & Engg:ASME Trans,
v 135, n 5, Oct 2013, Starting
Page 051009, Pages 7] In
the Part 1 paper, a
constitutive law for the
extrusion process of aqueous-based ceramic pastes
was created. In the study described herein, a
capillary rheometer was used to calibrate the
viscosity of an alumina paste, and a single extruder
system was used to conduct extrusion experiments
to validate the constitutive model. It is shown
that the extrusion response time and its change
both depend on the amount of air in the extruder
and the magnitude of the extrusion force. When
the extrusion force is small, the rapid change of

Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015

Abstracts

extrusion response time gives the extrusion

dynamic an apparent quadratic response. When
the extrusion force is large, the extrusion response
time changes slowly, and is dominated by a firstorder response. Air bubble release was observed in
some of the experiments. A series of simulation
and experimental studies were conducted to
validate the predictive capabilities of the
constitutive model for both steady-state and
transient extrusion force behaviors. Good
agreements between the simulation and
experimental results were obtained. The
experimental results demonstrate that the
constitutive model is capable of capturing the
characteristics of the highly nonlinear response at
low extrusion forces and the air bubble release
phenomenon. The numerical studies show that
the decrease in the extrusion force during an air
bubble release depends on the volume of the air
bubble. (5 refs, 15 figs) (AA)
110532 Cooling wheel features and amorphous
ribbon formation during planar flow melt spinning
process
Sowjanya, M; Kishen
Kumar Reddy, T [J of
Materials
Processing
Technology, v 214, n 9,
Sep 2014, Starting Page
1861, Pages 10] A
numerical
model
incorporating actual production conditions of
planar flow melt spinning process is presented.
Knowledge of the process conditions at which an
amorphous ribbon with uniform thickness can be
obtained is important to reduce the manufacturing
costs. Cooling wheel conditions play a significant
role during rapid solidification of the melt. Hence a
heat transfer analysis is performed to investigate
the influence of cooling wheel temperature on
ribbon formation. Nusselts correlation is used for
the first time for selecting a convective heat
transfer coefficient between rotating wheel and
surrounding air. This approach assists in predicting
the conditions at which a continuous/broken/no
ribbon formation is obtained during the process.
The model could predict whether the ribbon to be
obtained is amorphous or non-amorphous before
the experiment is actually performed at a set of
process conditions. Various internal and external
conditions of the cooling wheel are tested,
and they show little influence on the ribbon
thickness up to 0.5 s (10 rotations). Broken and
nonamorphous ribbons are obtained for poor
cooling conditions of the wheel with increase in
time of cast from 0.5 s to 1 s (20 rotations).

Amorphous ribbon with uniform thickness can be

obtained for a wheel of 20 mm wall thickness,
when the inner and outer surfaces of the
cooling wheel are maintained at a temperature of
at least 300 K. (21 refs, 8 figs, 3 tables) (AA)
110533 Effect of hot rolled grain size on the
precipitation kinetics of nitrides in low carbon Alkilled steel
Mucsi, Andrs [J of
Materials
Processing
Technology, v 214, n 8,
Aug 2014, Starting Page
1536, Pages 10] The
precipitation of nitrides
plays a general role in
the industrial processing of deep drawing quality
Al-killed low carbon steels. In this paper, the effect
of hot rolled grain size on the precipitation of
nitrides has been analysed. To evaluate the effect
of grain size on the nitride precipitation kinetics,
thermoelectric power based investigations have
been performed on hot and cold rolled specimens.
In the hot rolled state, the precipitation of nitrides
occurs more intensively in the fine grain size
microstructure (average grain size = 9 m) than in
the large grain size microstructure (average grain
size = 23 m) until the precipitated fraction of
nitrides reaches about 70%. In the cold rolled state
the effect of grain size is much less significant;
probably the precipitation process occurs
simultaneously at the grain boundaries and along
dislocations. According to the simulation results,
significant differences can be found between the
precipitated fraction of nitrides in fine and large
grain size sheets coiled in the temperature range
550650 C. In this interval, the precipitated
nitride fraction is about two times larger in a
fine grain microstructure (9 m) than in sheets
with 23 m average grain size. The local position in
the coil also affects significantly the precipitated
fraction of nitrides. In the outer ring of the coil, less
than 20% precipitated fraction is predicted in
coiling temperature range 550700 C. However, in
the middle ring of a hot rolled coil, the precipitated
fraction changes from 5% to 85% with increasing
coiling temperature from 550 to 700 C. (34 refs,
11 figs, 3 tables) (AA)

HYDRO FORMING
110534 Deformation analysis of double-sided
tube hydroforming in square-section die
Cui, Xiao-Lei; Wang, Xiao-Song; Yuan, Shi-Jian [J of
Materials Processing Technology, v 214, n 7, July
2014, Starting Page 1341, Pages 11] In this paper,

Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015

33

Abstracts

in order to explore the deformation behavior of

double-sided tube hydroforming in square-section
die, effect of external pressure on the critical
effective strain was theoretically analyzed firstly.
And then a special experimental setup
was designed for double-sided tube hydroforming
in which the difficulty of simultaneous loading was
overcome using two independent intensifiers and
servo controlling while the sealing of external
pressure was guaranteed by the O rings assembled
in the interfaces of mandrel/base plate and outer
cylinder/base plate. Furthermore, 5A02-O
aluminum alloy tubes with outer diameter of 63
mm and thickness of 2 mm were investigated
under different external pressures varying from
0 to 80 MPa. At the same time, numerical simulation
was conducted using the Abaqus/Explicit software.
It is shown that increasing of external pressure has
an effect on the fraction of grain boundaries, the
number and size of the microvoids and the
microhardness in the transition zone, and thus
increases the critical effective strain in the transition
zone. It can be concluded that the deformation
ability of the transition zone is improved by the
external pressure in double-sided tube
hydroforming of square-section. This investigation
shows that double-sided tube hydroforming is a
potential forming method for the fabrication of
lightweight hollow structures using the tubes with
low ductility. (23 refs, 15 figs, 2 tables) (AA)

WARM FORMING
110535
Development of experimental and
theoretical forming limit diagrams for warm
forming of austenitic stainless steel 316
Hussaini, Syed Mujahed;
Krishna, Geetha; Gupta,
Amit
Kumar;
Singh,
Swadesh Kumar [J of
Manufacturing Processes,
v 18, Apr 2015, Starting
Page 151, Pages 8] In
sheet metal forming, the
formability is limited by
the onset of localized necking and it is important to
know the limit up to which the material can be
34

formed. Forming limit diagram (FLD) offers a

convenient and useful tool to predict the forming
behavior of the sheet metals, which can be
enhanced by forming at elevated temperatures.
This paper is focused on the development of FLD
for austenitic stainless steel (ASS) 316 at 300 C,
which has been experimentally determined to be
the most suitable temperature for warm forming
of ASS 316. Experimental FLD has been constructed
by performing hemispherical dome punch tests on
different width specimens. Theoretical FLDs have
been developed using MarciniakKuczynski
analysis based on Hills and Barlats yield criteria
and compared with the experimental FLD.
Theoretical FLD based on Barlats yield criterion is
found to be in a close agreement with the
experimental FLD. These FLDs can be used for
designing various warm forming processes on ASS
316. (26 refs, 14 figs, 3 tables) (AA)

SHEET METAL WORKING

110536
Computational modelling of static
recrystallization
and
two
dimensional
microstructure evolution during hot strip rolling
of advanced high strength steel

Hore, S; Das, SK; Banerjee, S; Mukherjee, S [J of

Manufacturing Processes, v 17, Jan 2015, Starting
Page 78, Pages 10] A coupled Monte Carlo
simulation technique has been developed for hot
rolling of advanced high strength steel (AHSS) to
simulate the microstructure evolution during static
recrystallization. The physically based dislocation
evolution model has been formulated to study the
deformation behaviour of austenite during hot
rolling. The model envisages both hardening and
softening
regimes
during
deformation.
The evolution of dislocation density as a function
of strain has been predicted and the deformation
stored energy has been calculated. The computed
value of the stored energy of the system has
been passed to the Monte Carlo model to
construct the total energy Hamiltonian of the
lattice system. Both the models have been
seamlessly coupled to simulate the kinetics of
recrystallization, recrystallized grain size and
evolution of microstructure at different strains
during forming. A continuum microstructure is

Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015

Abstracts

mapped onto a two dimensional square lattice and

high fidelity simulation has been carried out to
characterize recrystallization behaviour. The
Avrami exponent obtained from the kinetics of
recrystallization predicted by coupled Monte Carlo
model has been validated with the published
literature. The recrystallized grain size and
evolution of microstructure predicted by the
coupled Monte Carlo model has been verified with
the published data for a typical AHSS and found to
be in very good agreement. (54 refs, 15 figs, 2
tables) (AA)
110537 Effect of geometric parameters on strain,
strain inhomogeneity and peak pressure in equal
channel angular pressing A study based on 3D
finite element analysis
Patil Basavaraj, V;
Uday
Chakkingal,
Prasanna Kumar, TS
[J of Manufacturing
Processes, v 17,
Jan 2015, Starting
Page 88, Pages 10]
In the present work
3D FEA of ECAP process was carried out for different
combinations of channel angle, inner and outer
corner radii. Results in terms of peak pressure,
strain and strain inhomogeneity were obtained
and analyzed by analysis of mean (ANOM). Main
effects and interaction effect of all geometric
parameters
were
quantified
by
analysis of variance (ANOVA). From the analysis it
was found that the peak pressure is largely
influenced by channel angle. To obtain desired
strain the most important factors are channel
angle and outer corner radius. Outer corner radius
has the largest influence followed by channel angle
on the strain inhomogeneity. There exists an
optimum outer corner for which strain
inhomogeneity is minimum, which depends on
the channel angle. Inner corner alone has no
influence on the strain inhomogeneity but its
interaction with channel angle has some influence.
(18 refs, 16 figs, 4 tables) (GM)

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
110538 Continuous review inventory model with
controllable lead time, lost sales rate and order
processing cost when the received quantity is
uncertain
Priyan, S; Uthayakumar, R [J of Manufacturing
Systems, v 34, Jan 2015, Starting Page 23,
Pages 11] In practice the quantity received may
not match the quantity ordered due to workers

strike, rejection during inspection, damage during

transportation, human errors in counting, etc.
Accordingly, the managers often must make
decisions under uncertain quantity received
circumstances. In this study, we investigate the
continuous review inventory model with shortages
include the case where the quantity received is
uncertain, in which the lead time, lost sales rate
and order processing cost are decision variables.
Here, we consider the lead time crashing cost is an
exponential function of lead time, and the order
processing cost and lost sales rate are logarithmic
functions of capital investment. The objective of
this study is to minimize the total relevant cost by
simultaneously optimizing the order quantity, lost
sales rate and order processing cost. In addition,
an efficient algorithm is developed to determine
the optimal policy, and our approach is illustrated
through a numerical example. From the results
of numerical example, it can be shown that, the
significant savings can be achieved through the
reductions of order processing cost and lost sales
rate. (29 refs, 4 figs, 5 tables) (AA)
110539 Cutting plane methods for analytical
target cascading with augmented Lagrangian
coordination
Wang, Wenshan; Blouin, Vincent Y; Gardenghi,
Melissa K; Fadel, Georges M; Wiecek, Margaret
M; Sloop, Benjamin C [J of Mechanical Design, v
135, n 10, Oct 2013, Starting Page 104502, Pages
6] Analytical target cascading (ATC), a hierarchical,
multilevel, multidisciplinary coordination method,
has proven to be an effective decomposition
approach for large-scale engineering optimization
problems. In recent years, augmented Lagrangian
relaxation methods have received renewed
interest as dual update methods for solving ATC
decomposed problems. These problems can
be solved using the subgradient optimization
algorithm, the application of which includes
three schemes for updating dual variables. To
address the convergence efficiency disadvantages
of the existing dual update schemes, this paper
investigates two new schemes, the linear and
the proximal cutting plane methods, which are
implemented in conjunction with augmented
Lagrangian coordination for ATC-decomposed
problems. Three nonconvex nonlinear example
problems are used to show that these two cutting
plane methods can significantly reduce the number
of iterations and the number of function evaluations
when compared to the traditional subgradient
update methods. In addition, these methods are
also compared to the method of multipliers and
its variants, showing similar performance. (25 refs,
5 figs, 4 tables) (AA)

Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015

35

Abstracts

JOINING & ASSEMBLY

110540 Effect of filler wires and direct ageing on
the microstructure and mechanical properties in
the multi-pass welding of Inconel 718
Ramkumar, K Devendranath;
Jagat Sai, R; Santhosh Reddy,
V; Gundla, Sridhar; Harsha
Mohan, T; Saxena, Vimal;
Arivazhagan, N [J of
Manufacturing Processes,
v 18,
Apr 2015, Starting
Page 23, Pages 23] This
paper
investigates
the
weldability, microstructure
and mechanical properties
of 5 mm thick Inconel 718
plates obtained by pulsed
current gas tungsten arc welding (PCGTAW) using
ERNiCu-7, ERNiCrCoMo-1 and ERNiCr-3 fillers. Post
weld heat treatment (PWHT) was also carried out
at 720 C/8 h/furnace cooling followed by 620 C/8
h/air cooling on the weldments. A comparative
evaluation based on the microstructure features
and mechanical properties of both the as-welded
and aged samples were studied. Further this study
addressed the combined effect of filler wires and
post weld heat treatment on the metallurgical and
mechanical properties of the weldments. The
studies showed the improvement in tensile
strength and drop in impact toughness for all the
weldments after direct ageing heat treatment.
(12 refs, 20 figs, 5 tables) (AA)
110541 Effects of bypass current on the stability
of weld pool during double sided arc welding
Miao, Yugang; Xu,
Xiangfang;
Wu,
Bintao; Li, Xiaoxu;
Han, Duanfeng [J of
M a t e r i a l s
Processing
Technology, v 214,
n 8, Aug 2014,
Starting Page 1590,
Pages 7] The arc behaviour and flow patterns in
the weld pool were monitored with a high
speed camera and the pressure distribution of the
MIGTIG coupling arc was measured through a
specially devised method involving a micro-orifice
for quick ignition. The bypass current changed
the geometry of the weld pool in such a way that
the acting forces remained in equilibrium
stabilising the pool, the weld depression was
eliminated and the pressure at the arc centre
36

decreased by a factor 4. The overall welding

efficiency increased as much as the quality of the
welds. (14 refs, 11 figs, 2 tables) (AA)
110542 Effect of activating fluxes on weld bead
morphology of P91 steel bead-on-plate welds by
flux assisted tungsten inert gas welding process
Dhandha, Kamal H;
Badheka, Vishvesh J [J of
Manufacturing
Processes, v 17, Jan
2015, Starting Page 48,
Pages 10] The purpose
of the present work was
to investigate the effect
of oxide fluxes on weld morphology, arc voltage
obtained with A-TIG welding, which applied to the
welding of 6 mm thick modified 9Cr1Mo steel
plates. The experimental results indicated that
the increase in the penetration is significant with
the use of Fe2O3, ZnO, MnO2 and CrO3. Full
penetration weld secured with the use of these
fluxes. (40 refs, 8 figs, 7 tables) (GM)
110543 Comparison of weld characteristics
between longitudinal seam and circumferential
butt weld joints of cylindrical components
Velaga, Satish K;
Rajput, Gaurav;
Murugan,
S;
Ravisankar,
A;
Venugopal, S [J of
Manufacturing
Processes, v 18,
Apr
2015,
Starting Page 1, Pages 11] The control of weld
induced residual stresses and distortions are very
important in longitudinal seam (L-Seam) and
circumferential (C-Seam) butt joints of cylindrical
components. In this study, a three-dimensional,
sequentially
coupled
thermo-metallurgicalmechanical analysis was performed for L-Seam and
C-Seam butt weld joints of AISI 304 cylindrical
components to evaluate weld characteristics
during gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process.
Initially, weld experiments were carried out to
obtain the heat input and the macrographs which
were further validated with the predicted weld
molten pool sizes during heat source fitting (HSF)
analysis. The Goldaks double ellipsoid heat source
function obtained in HSF analysis was employed in
the thermal and mechanical analysis. The results
reveal that there are significant differences in
residual stress distributions between L-Seam and
C-Seam butt joints. Full scale shop floor welding
experiments were performed to verify the

Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015

Abstracts

effectiveness of the proposed numerical models

and these are in good agreement with the
experimental measurements. (28 refs, 17 figs,
3 tables) (AA)
110544 Dynamic response of battery tabs under
ultrasonic welding
Kang, Bongsu; Cai, Wayne;
Tan,
Chin-An
[J
of
Manufacturing Sci & Engg:
ASME Trans, v 135, n 5, Oct
2013, Starting Page 051013,
Pages 11] Ultrasonic metal
welding (USMW) for battery
tabs must be performed
with 100% reliability in
battery pack manufacturing as the failure of a
single weld essentially results in a battery that is
inoperative or cannot deliver the required power
due to the electrical short caused by the failed
weld. In ultrasonic metal welding processes, highfrequency ultrasonic energy is used to generate an
oscillating shear force (sonotrode force) at the
interface between a sonotrode and few metal
sheets to produce solid-state bonds between the
sheets clamped under a normal force. These forces,
which influence the power needed to produce the
weld and the weld quality, strongly depend on the
mechanical and structural properties of the weld
parts and fixtures in addition to various welding
process parameters, such as weld frequencies and
amplitudes. In this work, the effect of structural
vibration of the battery tab on the required
sonotrode force during ultrasonic welding is
studied by applying a longitudinal vibration model
for the battery tab. It is found that the sonotrode
force is greatly influenced by the kinetic
properties, quantified by the equivalent mass,
equivalent stiffness, and equivalent viscous
damping, of the battery tab and cell pouch
interface. This study provides a fundamental
understanding of battery tab dynamics during
ultrasonic welding and its effect on weld quality,
and thus provides a guideline for design and
welding of battery tabs from tab dynamics point of
view. (18 refs, 15 figs, 3 tables) (AA)
110545 Curing-induced distortion mechanism in
adhesive bonding of Aluminum AA6061-T6 and
Steels
Zhu, XiaoBo; Li, YongBing;
Chen, GuanLong; Wang, PeiChung [J of Manufacturing
Sci & Engg:ASME Trans,
v 135, n 5, Oct 2013, Starting
Page 051007, Pages 11] The
bonding
of
dissimilar

materials is of primary importance to the

automotive industry as it enables designers the
freedom to choose from a wide variety of
lowdensity materials such as aluminum and
magnesium. However, when two dissimilar
materials (e.g., aluminum-to-steel) are bonded by
curing at elevated temperatures, residual stresses
result upon cooling the layered material system to
room temperature. Problems such as distortion
and fracture of adhesive often emerge in bonding
of these dissimilar materials for automotive
applications. In this study, the transient distortion
of riveted and rivet-bonded aluminum AA6061-T6to-steels during the curing process was
investigated using the photographic method. The
influences of temperature, adhesive properties,
adherend thickness, adherend strength, and the
presence of constraints on the transient distortion
and adhesive fracture were evaluated. The peak
curing temperature was found to play the most
important role in distortion and adhesive fracture,
followed by the influence of adherends thickness.
In contrast, the other parameters studied such as
the adhesive strength, constraints type, and
adherend strength produced a limited effect on
distortion. The results provide useful information
about vehicle body structures design in reducing
the curing induced distortion. (21 refs, 16 figs,
6 tables)(AA)

MACHINING
110546 Characterization of fluid film produced by
an atomization-based cutting fluid spray system
during machining
Hoyne, Alexander C;
Chandra Nath; Kapoor,
Shiv G [J of Manufacturing
Sci & Engg:ASME Trans,
v 135, n 5, Oct 2013,
Starting Page 051006,
Pages 8] The atomizationbased cutting fluid (ACF)
spray system has recently
been proposed as a cooling and lubrication
solution for machining hard to machine materials
(e.g., titanium alloys). On the tool rake face, the
ACF spray system forms a thin film from cutting
fluid that penetrates into the toolchip interface
to improve tool life. The objective of this work is
to characterize this thin fluid film in terms of
thickness and velocity for a set of ACF spray
parameters. ACF spray experiments are performed
by varying impingement angle to observe the
nature of the spreading film and to determine the
film thickness at different locations after

Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015

37

Abstracts

impingement of the droplets. It is observed that

the film spreads radially outward producing three
fluid film development zones (i.e., impingement,
steady, and unsteady). The steady zone is found to
be between 3 and 7mm from the focus
(impingement point) of the ACF spray for the set of
parameters investigated. An analytical 3D thin fluid
film model for the ACF spray system has also been
developed based on the NavierStokes equations
for mass and momentum. The model requires a
unique treatment of the cross-film velocity profile,
droplet impingement, and pressure distributions,
as well as a strong gasliquid shear interaction. The
thickness profiles predicted by the analytical film
model have been validated. Moreover, the model
predictions of film velocity and chip flow
characteristics during a titanium turning
experiment reveal that the fluid film can easily
penetrate into the entire toolchip interface with
the use of the ACF spray system. (19 refs, 11 figs,
3 tables) (AA)
110547 Erosion modeling in abrasive slurry jet
micro-machining of brittle materials
Haj Mohammad
Jafar, R; Nouraei,
H; Emamifar, M;
Papini, M; Spelt,
JK
[J
of
Manufacturing
Processes, v 17,
Jan 2015, Starting Page 127,
Pages 14] Abrasive slurry jet micro-machining
(ASJM) uses a relatively low pressure jet of abrasive
slurry to machine features such as holes and
channels. This study investigated the effect of
alumina particle kinetic energy and jet impact
angle on the roughness and erosion rate of
channels machined in borosilicate glass using
ASJM. A computational fluid dynamics model was
used to calculate the local particle impact velocities
and angles, and thus the kinetic energies of
particles striking the surface. Consistent with
earlier work on air-driven abrasive jets, the
roughness and erosion rate of the channels
machined at perpendicular incidence depended
only on the kinetic energy of particles above the
apparent cracking threshold of the glass target.
Slurry jets of higher kinetic energy produced
rougher channels and higher erosion rates since
the impacting particles caused larger lateral cracks
to form, and thus removed larger chips. The
measured erosion rate at various impact angles,
and the observed damage due to individual
alumina particle impacts, indicated that the
dominant mode of material removal was brittle
erosion. Two similar analytical brittle-erosion
models derived for air-driven abrasive jet
38

micromachining (AJM), were found to predict

reasonably well the roughness and the erosion rate
of ASJM channels, despite the large differences in
the fluid media, flow patterns, and particle
trajectories in AJM and ASJM. A key requirement
was that the average particle kinetic energy was
calculated using the CFD model. With only minor
modifications, the models predicted the channel
erosion rate and centreline roughness with average
errors of 12% and 17%, respectively. In addition, a
numerical simulation, previously developed to
predict the erosion in AJM of brittle materials, was
used to predict the centreline average roughness,
shape parameters and depth of ASJM channels for
various machining conditions. (41 refs, 14 figs,
5 tables) (AA)

NON TRADITIONAL MACHINING

110548 CFD aided design and experimental
validation of an innovative air assisted pure water
jet cutting system
Annoni, M; Arleo, F;
Malmassari, C [J of
Materials Processing
Technology, v 214, n
8, Aug 2014, Starting
Page 1647, Pages 11]
The aim of the
research presented in
this paper is to
develop an innovative
system able to modify
the orifice flow field by means of a simple
modification of the standard cutting head
geometry; the system allows the controlled
injection of air inside the primary orifice to prevent
the jet instabilities and to adapt the level of jet
coherence to the specific machining operation.
The fluid dynamics aspects of the outflow process
are investigated by means of a 3D numerical
simulation with the Ansys Fluent CFD solver, while
considerable experimental efforts are provided in
order to validate the numerical model and finally
evaluate the system performances on real case
studies. (27 refs, 20 figs, 2 tables) (GM)
110549 Fabrication of micro spherical electrode
by one pulse EDM and their application in
electrochemical micromachining
Liu, Yong; Cai, Huitao; Li, Hansong [J of
Manufacturing Processes, v 17, Jan 2015, Starting
Page 162, Pages 9] This paper describes a new
method combining electrochemical etching with
one pulse electrical discharge machining
technology (OPED) to fabricate micro spherical

Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015

Abstracts

electrode, which is then

used in electrochemical
micromachining (EMM)
process. First, micro
cylindrical electrode of
several micrometers is
fabricated
by
electrochemical etching
on
a
self-built
experimental system. And then, the micro
electrode with spherical end is formed by OPED
instantaneously. During the OPED process, the
effects of some predominant parameters, such as
the electrode polarity, the peak current, the
discharge duration and the gap voltage on micro
spherical electrode diameter are studied. At last,
some micro holes with no taper and three
micro hemispherical cavities were fabricated by
using the above micro spherical electrodes in EMM
process. (26 refs, 16 figs, 1 table) (AA)

DIAMOND TURNING
110550 Graphene oxide colloidal suspensions
mitigate carbon diffusion during diamond turning
of steel
Smith, Philip J; Chu,
Bryan; Singh, Eklavya;
Chow,
Philippe;
Samuel,
Johnson;
Koratkar, Nikhil [J of
Manufacturing
Processes, v 17, Jan
2015, Starting Page 41,
Pages 7] Diamondbased cutting tools are
preferred by the manufacturing community to
machine high-value, hard-to-cut materials,
especially for applications with stringent surface
roughness requirements. However, these tools are
not an economically viable option to machine any
of the transition metals or their alloys. This is due
to the extreme rates of tool wear caused by
chemical diffusion of carbon from the diamond
tool into the transition metal/alloy workpiece. In
this paper we report the use of carbon-rich,
graphene oxide colloidal suspensions, as a cutting
fluid, to address this critical diamond tool wear
issue. Our machining tests conducted on a lowcarbon steel alloy reveal that the use of graphene
oxide colloidal suspension results in a 74%
reduction in the tool wear over that seen under the
dry machining condition. It also results in a 50%
reduction in the cutting temperatures and a 20 to
30% reduction in the cutting forces, when
compared against the dry machining condition.

The trends seen in the cutting temperatures,

cutting forces and the X-ray photoelectron
spectroscopy (XPS) data collectively point to the
possibility of the graphene oxide platelets serving
as a barrier to the carbon diffusion reaction. These
findings have the potential to make diamond a
cost-effective tool material for machining transition
metal-based materials such as ferrous and titanium
alloys that have wide-spread engineering
applications. (18 refs, 8 figs, 2 tables)(AA)

GRINDING
110551 Dynamic model of oscillation-assisted
cylindrical plunge grinding with chatter
Pawowski, Witold [J
of Manufacturing Sci
& Engg:ASME Trans,
v 135, n 5, Oct 2013,
Starting
Page
051010, Pages 6] In
this
paper,
the
mathematical model
of the oscillation-assisted cylindrical plunge
grinding process has been presented. In this model,
the dynamical properties of the grinder, selfexcited vibration (regenerative chatter), and
nonlinear behavior of the grinding force have been
taken into consideration. This mathematical model
has been applied to analyze both formation and
development of chatter on the workpiece and the
grinding wheel surface during oscillation-assisted
cylindrical plunge grinding. The frequency response
function (FRF), describing dynamical properties of
the grinder, has been determined by means of
modal experiment. The model has been
implemented in matlab-simulink environment in
order to perform simulations. The results of the
simulations confirmed the antiregenerative
properties of the oscillations of the workpiece
rotational movement during cylindrical plunge
grinding. (24 refs, 5 figs) (AA)
110552 Mathematical modeling for screw rotor
form grinding on vertical multi-axis computerized
numerical control form grinder
Wu, Yu-Ren; Fan, ChungWen [J of Manufacturing
Sci & Engg:ASME Trans,
v 135, n 5, Oct 2013,
Starting Page 051020,
Pages 13] The pair of
screw
rotors
is a key element of a
twin-screw compressor, and rotor tooth
modification has gradually received attention

Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015

39

Abstracts

because it can reduce operating compressor noise.

Current rotor machining references are mainly
related to forming tool design or abrasion of the
horizontal grinder, but little attention has been
paid to form grinding using a vertical grinder and
simulating the machining flexibility of each grinder
axis. Therefore, this paper established a general
coordinate system for the screw rotor form grinding
and connected it to a vertical five-axis computerized
numerical control form grinder to simulate rotor
grinding and tooth modification. Further, the
influence of a form grinding wheel contour
designed by different declination angles of a rotor
tooth profile on a grinding rotor tooth and the
influence of the motion parameter of each axis on
the machining precision of the rotor and the tooth
shape are proposed in this paper. (14 refs, 12 figs, 6
tables) (AA)
110553 Complementary tribometers for the
analysis of contact phenomena in grinding
Garca, E; Snchez, JA;
Mresse, D; Pombo, I;
Dubar, L [J of Materials
Processing
Technology,
v214, n 9, Sep 2014,
Starting Page 1787, Pages
11] In this paper, an
alternative approach is
presented for the study
and characterization of
contact phenomena in
grinding. It consists of two complementary test
benches: the On-Machine Test Bench and the High
Speed Tribometer. They are designed to overcome
the limitations of current grinding experimental
studies. On the one hand, the On-Machine Test
Bench enables accurate control of process
parameters. This allows assessing the effect of the
different grinding mechanisms on process forces,
and specific energy. In addition, its configuration
avoids steep thermal gradients; consequently, it is
possible to obtain stable and accurate temperature
measurements that can be directly related to
process variables. On the other hand, the High
Speed Tribometer enables to isolate adhesive
effect because of its predominance. This test bench
allows an accurate control of contact pressure and
contact area. Then, adhesive phenomena can be
characterized and related to process parameters
using force and temperature measurements.
Experimental results obtained in both test benches
are presented. A wide range of data (forces, specific
energy, temperatures, wear) concerning contact
conditions in grinding can be obtained from this
complementary approach. (29 refs, 15 figs,
4 tables) (GM)
40

LASER MACHINING
110554 Laser cutting of aluminum foam:
Experimental and model studies
Yilbas, Bekir Sami;
Akhtar, SS; Keles, Omer
[J of Manufacturing Sci
& Engg:ASME Trans,
v 135, n 5, Oct 2013,
Starting Page 051018,
Pages 9] Laser cutting
of aluminum foam with 9mm thickness is carried
out and thermal stress field developed in the cut
section is simulated using finite element code.
Morphological changes in the cut section are
examined through optical and scanning electron
microscopes. The oxide compounds formed at the
cut section during the cutting are identified using
X-ray diffraction. It is found that parallel sided cut
edges are resulted during laser cutting. The
maximum von Mises stress in the cut section is on
the order of few MPa, which is close to the yielding
limit of the workpiece material. Some small
scattered sideways burning resulting in local
thermal erosion along the cut edges is observed.
(35 refs, 11 figs, 4 tables) (AA)

LASER WELDING
110555 Beneficial interface geometry for laser
joining of NiTi to stainless steel wires
Brandal, Grant; Satoh,
Gen; Yao, Y Lawrence;
Naveed, Syed [J of
Manufacturing Sci &
Engg: ASME Trans,
v 135, n 6, Dec 2013, Starting Page 061006,
Pages 10] This study explores a method of using a
cup and cone interfacial geometry, with no filler
material, to increase the tensile strength of the
joint. Not only does the cup and cone geometry
increase the surface area of the interface, but it
also introduces a shear stress component,
which is shown to be beneficial to tensile strength
of the wire as well. The fracture strength for
various cone apex angles and laser powers is
determined. Compositional profiles of the
interfaces are analyzed. A numerical model is used
for explanation of the processing parameters.
(41 refs, 18 figs) (GM)

Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015