Tutorial Sheet-6: Estimation and Testing of Hypothesis

M.Tech. I Year 2015-16, MA 501C: Probability & Statistics

1.

(a) A random sample of size 8 was drawn from a normal population are:
2.2,1.8,3.1,2.0,2.4,2.0,2.1,1.2. Obtain the 95% confidence interval for the population.
(b) For a computer 50 interrequest time (in Seconds) has to be observed which gives mean 11795
and standard deviation 14054. Obtain the 98% confidence interval for the true mean interrequest
time.
2.
What is the maximum error one can expect to make with probability 0.90 when using the mean of a
random sample of size n = 64 to estimate the mean of a population with 2 = 2.56?
3.
(a) A research worker wants to determine the average time it takes a mechanic to rotate the tires of
a car and she wants to assert that the mean of her sample is off by at most 0.5 minutes. If population
variance for such studies can be 1.6 minutes, how large sample will she have to take?
4.
According to the norms established for a mechanical aptitude test, persons who are above 18 years
old should average 73.2 with a standard deviation of 8.6. If 45 randomly selected persons of that
age averaged 76.7, test the null hypothesis = 73.2 against the alternative hypothesis > 73.2 at
the 0.01 level of significance.
5.
When an experiment is conducted, the following observations on the normal random variable X
which has a s.d. of 3 months, the survival time (in months) under the new treatment result:
8.0 13.6 13.2 13.6 12.5 14.2 14.9 14.5 13.4 8.6 11.5 16.0 14.2 19.0 17.9 17.0
Find 95% C.I.
6.
(a) A computer calculation concerning material costs for rebuilding n=35 traction motors gave
x = 1.4707 and s=0.5235 thousand dollars. At the 0.05 level of significance, conduct a test of
hypotheses with the intent of showing the mean is greater than 1.3 thousand dollars.
(b) A manufacturer claims that the life time of a certain brand of batteries produced by his factory
has variance 5000 hours. A sample of 26 observations has a variance 7200 hours. Test the
manufacturers claim at 5% level of significance.
7.
A random sample of 6 steel beams has a mean compressive strength of 58,392 psi (pounds per
square inch) with a s.d. of 648 psi. Use this information and the level of significance = 0.05 to
test whether the true average compressive strength of the steel from which this sample came is
58,000 psi. Assume normality.
8.
Test runs with 6 models of an experimental engine showed that they operated for 24, 28, 21, 23, 32,
and 22 minutes with a gallon of a certain kind of fuel. If the probability of Type I error is to be at
most 0.01, is this evidence against a hypothesis that on the average this kind of an engine will
operate for at least 29 minutes per gallon with this kind of fuel? Assume normality.
9.
(a) Five measurements of the tar content of a certain kind of cigarette yielded 14.5, 14.2, 14.4, 14.3,
and 14.6 mg per cigarette. Show that the difference between the mean of this sample, x = 14.4,
and the average tar claimed by the manufacturer, = 14.0, is significant at = 0.05. Assume
normality.
(b) Suppose in the Question 9(a), the first measurement is recorded incorrectly as 16.0 instead of
14.5. Show that now the difference between the mean of this sample, x = 14.7, and the average tar
claimed by the manufacturer, = 14.0, is not significant at = 0.05. Explain the apparent paradox
that even though the difference between x and has increased, it is no longer significant.
10. A study of electromechanical protection devices used in electrical power systems showed that of 193
devices that failed when tested, 75 were due to mechanical part failures.
(a) Find a point estimate for p, the proportion of failures that are due to mechanical failures.
(b) Find a 95% confidence interval on p.
(c) How large a sample is required to estimate p to within 0.03 with 95% confidence?

A laboratory technician is timed 20 times in the performance of a task, getting x = 7.9 and s=1.2.
If the probability of Type I error is to be at most 0.05, does this constitute evidence against the
hypothesis that the average time is less than 7.5 minutes?
12. One random variable studied while designing the front-wheel-drive half-shaft of a new model
automobile is the displacement (in millimeters) of the constant velocity (CV) joints. With the joint
angle fixed at 120, 20 simulations were conducted, resulting the getting x = 3.39 and s = 1.41.
Engineers designing the front-wheel-drive half-shaft claimed that the standard deviation in the
displacement of the CV shaft is less than 1.5 millimeters. The estimated standard deviation based
on the given 20 observations is 1.41 millimeters. Do these data support the claim of the engineers?
13. A battery operated digital pressure monitor is being developed for use in calibrating pneumatic
pressure gauges in the field. It is thought that 95 % of the readings it gives lies within .01 lb/in2 of
the true reading. In a series of 100 tests, the gauge is subjected to a pressure of 10,000 lb/in2. A test
is considered to be a success if the reading lies within 10,000 0.01 lb/in2. We want to test
H0 : p=0.95 vs. H1 : p0.95 at the =0.05 level.
a) What are the critical points for the test.
b) When the data are gathered, it is found that 98 out of 100 readings were successful. Can H0 be
rejected at a=0.05 level? What type of error are you now subject?
14. According to the manufacturers specification, the cooling cycle of a certain type of equipment when
set at affixed mean length of time, should have s.d. of at most 2 seconds. To check the manufacturer
claim, an engineer ran the equipment through 10 cooling cycles and obtained a sample s.d. of 3
seconds, At the 0.01 level of significant test the hypotheses
H0: =2 vs. H1: >2 . Assume a normal distribution.
15. In comparing the variability of family income in two metropolitan areas, a survey yielded the
2
2
following data: n1=100, n2=110, and s1 25,s 2 10, (in thousands of dollars). Assuming that the
populations are normal, test the hypotheses
H 0 : 12 22 vs. H1 : 12 > 22 , at the 0.05 level of significance.
16. A poll of investment analysts taken earlier suggests that a majority of these individuals think that the
dominant issue affecting the future of the solar energy industry is falling energy prices. A new survey
is being taken to see if this is still the case. Let p denote the proportion of investment analysts holding
this opinion.
a) Set up the appropriate null and alternative hypothesis.
b) What are the critical points for the test?
c) When the data are gathered, it is found that 98 out of 100 readings were successful. Can H0 be
rejected at a=0.05 level?
11

Answers
1. (a) [1.651, 2.549] (b) [7164.04, 16425.96] 2. 0.329
3. 0.25 4. H0 should be rejected
5. [12.41, 15.35]
6(a) H0 should be rejected (b) Reject the manufacturer claim.
7.
Cannot reject H0
8. Cannot reject H0
9 (a) H0 should be rejected b. Cannot reject H0
(c) 1068
11. Cannot reject H0
10 (a) 75/193 (b) [.3198, .4574]
12. The data are not sufficient to claim that < 1.5 millimeters. 13(a) [0, 0.92821] and [0.97179, 1]
(b) H0 should be rejected; type I error 14. Cannot reject H0 15. H0 should be rejected
16. (b) P value P(Z 1.8) 0.9641. (c) H0 should be accepted.