RED HAT ENTERPRISE LINUX 5, 6, AND 7
Common administrative commands
KERNEL, BOOT, AND HARDWARE
TASK
Single user/rescue mode
RHEL
append 1 or s or init=/bin/bash to kernel cmdline
6
7
append [Link] or init=/bin/bash to kernel cmdline
SYSTEM BASICS
JOBS AND SERVICES
TASK
RHEL
/etc/sysconfig/rhn/systemid
View subscription
information
/etc/sysconfig/rhn/systemid
subscription-manager identity
rhn_register
subscription-manager 1
View system profile
View RHEL version
information
List all services
7
List running services
Reboot system
7
Start/stop service
service name start
service name stop
6
7
Enable/disable service
View hardware configured
5
1 Be aware of potential issues when using subscription-manager on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5: [Link]
[Link]/solutions/129003.
View service status
2 Subscription-manager is used for Satellite 6, Satellite 5.6 with SAM and newer, and Red Hats CDN.
3 RHN tools are deprecated on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7. rhn_register should be used for Satellite server 5.6 and
newer only. For details, see: Satellite 5.6 unable to register RHEL 7 client system due to rhn-setup package not
included in Minimal installation ([Link]
service name status
7
5
Check if service is enabled
chkconfig name --list
6
7
systemctl is-enabled name
Create new service file or
modify configuration
BASIC CONFIGURATION
TASK
Graphical configuration
tools
RHEL
system-config-*
Configure system
language
Configure time and date
6
7
system-config-date
date
Synchronize time
and date
Configure keyboard
ntpdate
/etc/[Link]
system-config-keyboard
6
7
localectl
Text-based
configuration tools
system-config-*-tui
Configure printer
system-config-printer
Configure SSH
/etc/ssh/ssh_config
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
~/.ssh/config ssh-keygen
View logs
/etc/inittab
init run_level
TASK
top
ps
sar
iostat
netstat
vmstat
mpstat
numastat
cron
at
batch
Find file by name
locate
View system usage
Configure name resolution
Configure hostname
df
View disk usage
View network interface info
Trace system calls
strace
Trace library calls
ltrace
Change process priority
nice
renice
Change process run
location
taskset
Kill a process
kill
pkill
killall
Configure network interface
View ports/sockets
Configure routes
View routes
RHEL
ss
lsof
netstat
ip route add
system-config-network
/etc/sysconfig/route-iface
USER MANAGEMENT
TASK
ip route
system-config-users
SOFTWARE MANAGEMENT
Create user account
useradd
TASK
Delete user account
userdel
View/change user
account details
usermod
/etc/passwd
vipw
id
Create user group
groupadd
Install software
yum info
yum groupinfo
Change group details
groupmod
/etc/group
Change user password
passwd
Load kernel module
modprobe
Remove kernel module
modprobe -r
View kernel version
rpm -q kernel
uname -r
RHEL
View software info
Create/modify disk
partitions
Upgrade software
yum update
yum upgrade
Format disk partition
mount
/etc/fstab
Mount storage
Enlarge volumes formatted
with default file system
6
7
Shrink volumes formatted
with default file system
Check/repair file system
Configure NFS share
5
6
6
resize2fs
lvreduce
vgreduce
/etc/exports
service nfs reload
7
5
6
7
6
7
View free disk space
df
View logical volume info
lvdisplay
lvs
vgdisplay
vgs
pvdisplay
pvs
View NFS share
showmount -e
mount
Configure on-demand
auto-mounts
/etc/[Link].d/*.autofs
/etc/auto.*
Change file permissions
chmod
chown
chgrp
umask (future file creation)
Change file attributes
chattr
Change access control list
setfacl
TASK
RHEL
Configure system security
/etc/selinux/config
chcon
restorecon
semanage
setsebool
system-config-selinux
Report on system security
sealert
LDAP, SSSD, Kerberos
authconfig
authconfig-tui
authconfig-gtk
Network users
getent
7
7
10/14
View installed software
rpm -qa
yum list installed
Copyright 2014 Red Hat, Inc. Red Hat, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the Shadowman logo,
and JBoss are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries.
Linux is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the U.S. and other countries.
/etc/fstab
rpm -q packagename
View user sessions
Configure static mounts
View software version
fsck
ssm check
chage
XFS cannot currently be shrunk; copy desired data
to a smaller file system.
rpm -qf filename
yum provides filename-glob
Change password policy
vgextend
lvextend
xfs_growfs
ssm resize
Find file in package
lvcreate
ssm create (if backend is lvm)
vgcreate
ssm create (if backend is lvm)
6
7
SECURITY AND IDENTITY
7
/etc/fstab
swapon -a
pvcreate
ssm create (if backend is lvm)
vgextend
lvextend
resize2fs
Mount and activate swap
/etc/exports
systemctl reload [Link]
mount
/etc/fstab
ssm mount
fsck
mkfs.filesystem_type (ext4, xfs)
mkswap
ssm create
groupmod
visudo
fdisk
gdisk
parted
ssm create
Change group
permissions
copy data to new file system
fsck (look for non-contiguous inodes)
xfs_fsr
mkfs.filesystem_type (ext4, xfs)
mkswap
yum info
yum group info
Update software
ext4
subscription-manager repos
/etc/[Link].d/*.repo
Change user permissions
Configure software
repository
usermod
visudo
yum install
yum groupinstall
yum install
yum group install
groupdel
Create logical volume
RHEL
Delete user group
sysctl -a
cat /proc/cmdline
Create volume group
ip route add
nmcli
nmtui
nm-connection-editor
/etc/sysconfig/route-iface
Graphical user
management
ss
lsof
View kernel parameters
ip addr
nmcli dev show
teamdctl
brctl
bridge
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-*
nmcli con [add|mod|edit]
nmtui
nm-connection-editor
vgcreate
hostnamectl
/etc/hostname
nmtui
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-*
df
iostat
lvcreate
/etc/hosts
/etc/[Link]
nmcli con mod
iptables and ip6tables
/etc/sysconfig/ip*tables
system-config-firewall
ip addr
ifconfig
brctl
top
ps
sar
iostat
ss
vmstat
mpstat
numastat
tuna
udev
RHEL
/etc/sysconfig/network
Configure hardware device
Create physical volume
/etc/hosts
/etc/[Link]
fdisk
parted
firewall-cmd
firewall-config
top
ps
sar
iostat
netstat
ss
vmstat
mpstat
numastat
tuna
hwbrowser
pvcreate
Configure firewall
Schedule/batch tasks
RHEL
Defragment disk space
iptables and ip6tables
/etc/sysconfig/ip*tables
/etc/default/grub
grub2-mkconfig
grub-set-default
copy data to new file system
fsck (look for non-contiguous inodes)
TASK
NETWORKING
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
xfs
Create archive
modprobe
Default file system
aureport /var/log/faillog
tar
cpio
zip
systemctl set-default
ext3
View audit output
find
/etc/inittab
TASK
/var/log
journalctl
Find file by characteristic
Configure system audit
FILE SYSTEMS, VOLUMES, AND DISKS
add audit=1 to kernel cmdline
auditctl
/etc/audit/[Link]
/etc/audit/[Link]
authconfig
/etc/pam.d/system-auth
pam_tty_audit kernel module
timedatectl
/etc/[Link]
ntpdate
runlevel
who -r
systemctl isolate [Link]
systemctl set-default
timedatectl
date
systemctl daemon-reload
/etc/systemd/system/*.service
/var/log
7
Change run level/target
localectl
systemctl get-default
who -r
nmcli
nmtui
nm-connection-editor
system-config-language
View run level/target
gnome-control-center
system-config-network
Configure network
chkconfig --add
Configure kernel module
systemctl status [Link]
6
7
lshw (in EPEL)
systemctl enable [Link]
systemctl disable [Link]
reboot
systemctl reboot
/boot/grub/[Link]
Configure GRUB bootloader
systemctl start [Link]
systemctl stop [Link]
chkconfig name on
chkconfig name off
Configure default run
level/target
halt
systemctl halt
reboot
systemctl -at service
ls /etc/systemd/system/*.service
ls /usr/lib/systemd/system/*.service
service --status-all
Halt system
poweroff
systemctl poweroff
halt
systemctl -t service --state=active
/etc/[Link]
/etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf
/var/log/journal
[Link]
chkconfig --list
ls /etc/init.d/
sosreport
dmidecode
lstopo
lscpu
/etc/redhat-release
Configure logging
Power off system
6
shutdown
systemctl shutdown
poweroff
/etc/[Link]
7
subscription-manager 2
rhn_register 3
Shut down system
RHEL
/etc/[Link]
6
rhn_register
rhnreg_ks
subscription-manager
sosreport
dmidecode
hwbrowser
TASK
subscription-manager identity
Configure subscription
shutdown
