DNB QUESTION PAPER_TOPIC WISE

SECTION I-II
1) {1-10} Introduction
INFORMED CONSENT
1. Informed consent (Dec 2000) (June 2010).
2. Describe consent in anaesthesia practice including ethical and legal aspects
(Dec 2010)
3. What are the ingredients of professional negligence? Write a note on
informed consent. (Dec 2012)
1. Vicarious liability for negligence (June 1994).
2. Utility of anaesthetic records (Dec 1994).
3. Effect of anaesthesia and surgery on immunological mechanism (June 1995).
4. Safe anaesthetic procedure (Dec 1999). [Pg 87-ISACON 2008]
5. Simulator in anaesthesia education (June 1997). [Pg 49-ISACON 2009]
-Simulators in anaesthesia training (June 2010).
6. Computer based patient record for anaesthesia (Dec 1997).
7. Stress management in anaesthesia practice (Dec 2003).
-Stress and anesthesiologists (June 2003) (June 2005).
8. Ethics in anaesthesia (June 2004).
-Write briefly on research ethics (Dec 2008).
9. Stress response to trauma and surgery (June 2006).
10. Evidence Based Medical education (June 2008).
-Discuss the role of EBM in anaesthesia practice. Quote few examples (June
2009).

11. Communication skill and anesthesiologist (June 2010).

------------------------------------------------------------------------11) Sleep, Memory and Consciousness

1. Write down the physiology of sleep. How does it differ from anaesthesia?
What phases occur during various stages of anaesthesia? (June 1999).

------------------------------------------------------------------------12) ANS
1. Clinical tests for evaluation of autonomic nervous system (June 2008). [Pg
295-Miller 7th Ed]
2. A 50 year old male and known diabetic is scheduled for upper abdominal
surgery. How will you evaluate the ANS? (Dec 2009).
3. How is autonomic neuropathy evaluated preoperatively? What is its
significance in anaesthesia? (June 2012).
4. What is significance of autonomic neuropathy in diabetes mellitus? How can
it be assessed? (Dec 2012)

------------------------------------------------------------------------13) CNS Physiology

1. Regulation of CBF (Dec 2001).
-Discuss the regulation of CBF (June 2008).
2. Regulation of ICP (June 2001)
3. ICP (Dec 2003).
4. How is CBF regulated? What is the effect of various anaesthetic drugs on
CBF? (June 2009).
-Enumerate the factors regulating CBF and the effect of various anaesthetic
drugs on CBF (June 2010) [Pg25-RACE 2008]

5. What is cerebral autoregulation? Discuss the implications of various

inhalational anaesthetic agents on cerebral auroregulation (June 2011). [Pg 615,
6,619-Morgan 4rth Ed]

------------------------------------------------------------------------14) Neuromuscular Physiology and Pharmacology

1. Neuromuscular transmission (Dec 1999). [Pg 93-RACE 2012]

------------------------------------------------------------------------15) Respiratory Physiology.

ODC
1. Oxygen dissociation curve (Dec 1996).
2. Oxygen cascade, oxygen transport and Oxygen Dissociation Curve (June
2005).
3. Describe the oxygen hemoglobin dissociation curve. How does it differ from
the carbon dioxide dissociation curve? (Dec 2011).
4. Describe the OHDC.How does it differ from the Carbon dioxide Dissociation
Curve? What is Haldane effect? (June 2013)

FRC
1. FRC (Dec 1998).
2. Define FRC.What is its significance in anaesthesia? (Dec 2008).
3. Define FRC and closing volume. Describe their clinical significance (Jun
2011).
4. Draw and label a diagram showing various lung volumes and capacities.
Discuss the importance of FRC in anaesthesia practice (June 2013)

ANATOMY OF LARYNX
1. Tracheo-bronchial tree with diagram (June 1999). [Pg 2 Ajay yadav]

2. Discuss the anatomy of diaphragm with a diagram. How does it behave under
different stages of anaesthesia (June 1999). [Pg 49-RACE 2003, Pg 553Morgan]
3. Anatomy of larynx. Enumerate with diagrams the types of vocal cord palsies
(June 2005).
4. Describe the anatomy of larynx and its innervations. What are the differences
between neonatal and adult larynx? (June 2012).
5. Describe the innervations of larynx and the palsies following nerve injury
with the help of diagram(s) (Dec 2012)
1. Closing volume of the lung and its measurement (June 1997).
2. Lung compliance (June 2006).
3. Discuss the distribution of ventilation and perfusion in a normal lung with
the help of a labeled diagram. What are the factors affecting ventilation
perfusion ratio? (June 2009).
4. HPV (June 2005) (June 2009). [Pg 1054-Barasch 6th deep 29-RACE 2009]
5. Describe the metabolic functions of the lung (Dec 2009).
6. What are the major causes of hypoxemia? What is HPV? How can GA worsen
v/q mismatch (Dec 2010).
7. Define Fink effect, Diffusion hypoxia and second gas effect. How are they of
importance to the anesthetist? (Dec 2011).
8. Define and classify dead space ventilation. Define minute ventilation. Under
what conditions is minute ventilation increased? (June 2012).

------------------------------------------------------------------------16) Cardiac Physiology

1. Coronary circulation (June 1996) [Pg 752-Stoelting physio pharma]
2. Describe the arterial circulation of the heart with the aid of a diagram
mentioning the unique features of coronary blood flow. Explain the Goldmans

cardiac risk index and its importance to the anesthetist (June 2000). [Pg 21RACE 2001, Pg 137-RACE 2003]
3. Factors affecting coronary circulation (June 2002).
4. Describe coronary circulation. Discuss factors affecting oxygen demand and
supply to the myocardium (Dec 2010).

------------------------------------------------------------------------17) Hepatic Physiology-Pathology

1. Plasma proteins and anaesthesia (Dec 1999).
2. Discuss synthetic functions of the liver. What is the role of albumin in
pharmacokinetics? (June 2011).
3. What are the functions of Liver? Describe the anaestehtic implications of
ascites and its management (June 2013)

------------------------------------------------------------------------18) Renal Physiology

1. Regulation of kidney in acid base balance (Dec 1995).
2. Discuss the countercurrent mechanism in the kidney. Discuss the renal
protection strategies during preoperative period (Dec 2003).
3. Role of kidney in acid base balance (Dec 2004) (June 2006).
4. Define base excess. How do kidneys compensate for acid base balance?
(June 2011). [Pg 712 Morgan 4th Ed]
5. Describe the countercurrent mechanism in the kidney. Discuss the renal
protection strategies during perioperative period (June 2012).

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SECTION III
19) Basic Principles of Pharmacology.
1. Continous infusion of drugs in anaesthesia (June 1994)
2. Interactions of pre-existing drug therapy with anaesthetic agents and
techniques (June 1996).
-Drug interactions (June 2006). [Pg 7-RACE 2002, Pg 601-ISACON 2009]
3. Enzyme induction-describe the mechanism with routine anaesthesia
examples (Dec 1996).
-Enzyme induction-its role in anaesthesia with examples (Dec 2004).
4. Transdermal administration of drugs (June 2008).

------------------------------------------------------------------------20) Inhaled Anesthetics-MOA

1. Minimum alveolar concentration (Dec 1996)
2. Sevoflurane (June 1997). [Pg 173-Morgan]
3. Sevoflurane Vs Desflurane (June 2000). [Pg 172-173-Morgan]
4. Isoflurane Vs.Sevoflurane (Dec 2003).
5. Nitrous oxide: current status (June 2008). [CEACCP 2005 vol 5 no.5, IJA
2007, Pg 433-ISACON 2009]
6. Compare and contrast Sevoflurane and isoflurane (Dec 2008)
7. Define minimum alveolar concentration. What are the factors affecting MAC?
What is its significance in anaesthesia? (June 2009). [Pg 163-Morgan]
8. What is minimum alveolar concentration? Discuss the factors which effect
the alveolar concentration of an inhalational agent (Dec 2010).

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

21) Inhaled Anesthetics-Uptake and Distribution

1. Concentration effect and second gas effect produced during uptake of
inhalational agent (Dec 2007). [Pg 543-Miller]
2. Nitrous oxide-current status in anaesthesia practice (June 2011)

------------------------------------------------------------------------22) Pulmonary Pharmacology

------------------------------------------------------------------------23) CVS Pharmacology

1. CCBs in surgical patients (June 1994).
2. Compare and contrast dopamine and dobutamine as an inotropic agent (Dec
2006).
3. Classify inotropes on the basis of their mechanism of actions. Compare
dopamine and dobutamine (June 2009).
4. Classify antihypertensive drugs. Describe the management of hypertensive
emergency (Dec 2009). [Pg 448-451-Morgan, Pg 301-ISACON 2009]
-Classify antihypertensive drugs. Describe the management of a hypertensive
episode during anaesthesia (Dec 2010).

------------------------------------------------------------------------24) Inhaled Anesthetics-Metabolism and Distribution

1. Nephrotoxicity of halogenated anesthetics (Dec1994) (June 1996). [Pg 69Stoelting physio-pharma]
2. Merits and demerits of halothane and isoflurane (Dec 1995).
3. Hepatotoxicity of halothane (Dec 1997). [Pg 66-Stoelting]
4. Nephrotoxicity of fluorinated anesthetics (Dec 2007). [Pg 650-Miller]

------------------------------------------------------------------------25) Inhaled Anesthetics-Delivery systems

CIRCUITS
1. Coaxial circuits (Dec 1998) (June 2002) [Pg 27 -RACE 2010]
2. Paediatric circuits (Dec 2000). [Pg 543-OAR]
3. Maplesons breathing system (June 2001)
4. Draw schematic diagrams of various types of Maplesonsbreathing circuits.
Give the functional analysis, advantages and disadvantages of Bain circuit (June
2010)
5. Describe the functional analysis of Bains circuit. How will you check the
functional integrity of Bains circuit (June 2011).

VAPORIZERS
1. Types of plenum vaporizers (Dec 1995).
2. Charecteristics of ideal vaporizer (June 2004).
3. Classify vaporizers. Briefly mention the effects of altered barometric
pressure on the performance of the vaporizers (June 2008). [Pg 15-RACE
2006]
4. Classify vaporizers. Discuss the effect of altered barometric pressure on the
performance of vaporizers? (Dec 2010). [Pg 179-ISACON 2009]
5. What are the two major effects of pressure fluctuation in the anaesthesia
machine on vaporizer output? Describe the improvisations in designing to
overcome this problem (June 2011) [Pg 128-Dorsch & Dorsch]

SAFETY FEATURES IN MODERN DAY ANAESTHESIA MACHINE

1. Safety features in a modern day anaesthesia machine (June 2009) (June
2010). [Pg no 47-Morgan 4th Ed]

2. Describe briefly the safety features in modern anaesthesia machines. Discuss

various features that prevent the delivery of hypoxic gas mixtures (Dec 2011)
3. Enumerate the safety features in a modern anaesthesia machine. Describe the
hypoxia prevention safety devices (June 2012).
4. Enumerate the safety features in modern anaesthesia machines. Describe the
features to prevent delivery of hypoxic gas mixture (June 2013)

PRE-ANAESTHETIC MACHINE CHECK

1. Check out procedure to be followed routinely before using an anaesthesia
machine and other monitoring equipment (June 2000). [Pg 88-Morgan]
2. Describe the pre anaesthetic check list for anaesthesia machine and
equipment (Dec 2009).
3. Describe the anaesthesia machine check protocol prior to induction of
anaesthesia (Dec 2010).
1. Evolution of rotameter (June 1999).
2. What is low flow anaesthesia? Discuss its advantages and disadvantages (Dec
2006) (June 2011).
3. Functional analysis of pressure reducing valve (June2007) [Pg 95-Wards]
4. Link 25 proportioning system (Dec 2007). [Pg 109-110-D &D]
5. Role of humidification in anaesthesia practice (Dec 2008).
6. What are the different types of carbon dioxide absorbents? Describe their
composition. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each (June 2012).
7. What is relative and absolute humidity? What are active and passive
humidifiers? What are their advantages and disadvantages? (Dec 2012)

------------------------------------------------------------------------26) IV Anesthetics.
ADRENERGIC DRUGS

GENERAL

1. Adrenergic receptor antagonist and their uses (Dec 1994)

2. Name the adrenergic agonists and antagonists. Describe in detail their uses
in anaesthesia practice (June 2005).
3. Adrenergic agonists (June 2006).

BETA BLOCKERS
1. Beta receptor blockade:-its relation in anaesthesia (June 1996). [Pg 32-OAR]
2. Perioperative beta blocker therapy (Dec 2007). [Pg 597-ISACON 2009]
3. Manifestation and treatment of beta adrenergic toxicity (June 1997). [Pg 330SPP]
4. Effect of atenolol pretreatment on CVS, NMJ and IOP (June 2003).

ALPHA-2 AGONISTS
1. Clinical use of alpha 2 agonists in anaesthesia (Dec 2004).

->CLONIDINE
1. Clonidine in anaesthesia practice (June2007).
2. Clonidine in anaesthesia and ICU (June 2008).
3. Discuss PK and PD of clonidine and its role in clinical practice (June 2011).

->DEXMEDETOMIDINE
1. Dexmedetomidine: Clinical applications and complications (June 2008).
2. Dexmedetomidine (June 2010).
3. Discuss pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dexmedetomidine.What
is its role in clinical practice (June 2012). [Pg 96-RACE 2011, IJA 2011]

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS

1. Calcium channel blockers drugs and anaesthesia (Dec 1995)
2. Calcium channel blockers and anaesthesia (Dec 1998). {CJA]

PROPOFOL
1. Propofol (June 1996) [Pg 154-Stoelting PP]
2. Compare Protocol with Midazolam (June 1999).
3. Propofol as compared to Thiopentone (Dec 1999).
4. Disscuss the MOA, PD and PK of protocol (Dec 2011)
1. Impact of cancer therapy on anaesthetic management (Dec 1994)
2. Midazolam (1996-2000).
3. Untoward effects of intravenous sodium bicarbonate (Dec 1997).
4. Role of corticosteroids in the practice of anesthesiology (June 2000).
5. Adenosine and its clinical uses (June 2002).
6. Mannitol in surgery/surgical uses of mannitol(June 2004).
7. PK of IV Thiopentone (June 2004).
8. Mention the commonly used immunosuppressive drugs and their interaction
with anaesthetic agents (June 2007). [Pg 1257-Satish deshpande]
9. Describe the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of
etomidate.Describe briefly its role in clinical practice (Dec 2010).

------------------------------------------------------------------------27) Opoids.
1. What are the various routes of administration of morphine? Discuss the
pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of epidural morphine (June 1996).
[Pg 90-Stoelting physio-pharma]
2. Remifentanyl (June 1998).
-Remifentanyl in clinical practice (June 2001)
3. Narcotic antagonists (June 1998). [Pg 120-Stoelting physio-pharma]

4. Spinal opiate receptors (Dec 1999).

5. Pharmacology of fentanyl congenial (Dec 2000)
6. What are the various routes of administration of opoids? Discuss the merits
and demerits of each. (Dec 2001).
8. Transdermal opoids (June 2003).
9. Acute pain relief in ovoid dependant pain (June 2004).
10. Mention the intrathecal and epidural opoids in clinical practice and their
complications (June 2006).
11. Various epidural narcotics for management of postoperative pain (Dec
2006)
12. Epidural opiates in anaesthesia practice (Dec 2007). [Pg 397-Morgan]
13. Classify opoids.Discuss the merits and demerits of epidural fentanyl and
morphine (Dec 2011).
14. What are the various routes of administration of morphine? Discuss the
pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of epidural morphine (June 2012).

------------------------------------------------------------------------28) IV Drug Delivery Systems.

1. TIVA (Dec 1996) (June 2000) (June 2001) (Dec 2001) (Dec 2003) (June 2006).
[Pg 41-RACE 2009]
2.PCA(Dec 1996)(June 1998)(Dec 1998)(June 2003)(Dec 2004)(Dec 2007).[Pg
518,Aitkenhead][Pg 1487-Barasch]

------------------------------------------------------------------------29) Pharmacology of Muscle Relaxants and Antagonism.

1. Interaction of depolarizing with NDMRs (Dec 1995)
2. Hauffmans degradation (Dec 1996).

3. Rocuronium (Dec 1998) (June 2001) (Dec 2001)

4. Pipecuronium (June 1995) (Dec 1996). [Pg 12-RACE 2006]
5. Elimination of Atracurium from the body (Dec 1999). {pg 231-Stoleting PP]
6. Enumerate the problems with muscle relaxants (Dec 2005).
7. Adverse effects of NMBA (June 2008). [Pg 213-Morgan 4th Ed]

------------------------------------------------------------------------30) Local Anesthetics

LAST
1. Management of local anaesthetic toxicity (June 2000). [Pg 59 ISACON
2008]
2. Treatment of systemic toxicity of LA drugs (June 2003).
3. Lipid emulsion for the treatment of local anaesthetic toxicity-mechanism and
dosage (June 2008).
4. Role of lipid emulsions in local anaesthetic toxicity (June 2010).
5. Discuss the clinical manifestations of local anaesthetic toxicity and its
management (June 2011).
6. Describe the toxicity of commonly used local anaesthetic agents and its
management (June 2012)
1. Mechanism of action of local anaesthetic agents (June 1997). [Pg 181Stoelting pp, Pg 265-Morgan]
2. Complication of local anesthetics (June 1999).
3. Ropivacaine (June 2002).
4. Classify Local anaestehtics.Discuss their mode of action. How will you treat
Lidocaine Toxicity? (June 2013)

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31) Nitric Oxide and Inhaled Pulmonary Vasodilators

1. Nitric oxide (Dec 1995) (June 2010).
2. Role of nitric oxide in ICU (Dec 1999).
3. Nitric oxide in clinical practice (June 2000).
4. Nitric oxide for management of pulmonary hypertension (Dec 1998).
5. Nitric oxide-current status (Dec 2008).

------------------------------------------------------------------------32) Complementary and Alternative Therapy

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION IV-ANAESTHESIA MANAGEMENT

33) Risk of Anaesthesia (Anesthetic complications)
VAE
1. Air Embolism during anaesthesia. (June 1996).
2. Pathophysiology of VAE.Mention the methods of detection, prevention and
treatment (1996-2000).
3. Embolisms during anaesthesia (Dec 1998). [Pg 388-Aitkenhead]
4. Air embolism under anaesthesia (June 2002).
5. VAE (Dec 2003).
6. Air embolism: methods of detection and management (Dec 2006).

7. Discuss the pathophysiology.signs and symptoms and management of VAE

(June 2009).
8. How will you diagnose VAE? Describe its pathophysiology and management
(Dec 2009).
9. Describe the causes and management of VAE (Dec 2010).
10. Enumerate the causes of air embolism in clinical practice. Discuss the
clinical features and its management (Dec 2011). [Pg 638 Morgan 4th Ed].
11. How do you diagnose and manage a case of VAE during spine surgery? (Dec
2012)

ARRYTHMIAS
1. Prevention and treatment of ventricular arrhythmias during GA (Dec 1995).
2. Cardiac arrhythmias during anaesthesia (Dec1996)
3. Discuss the etiology and management of SVTs during surgical procedures
(June 1998)/Management of multifocal ventricular ectopic during anaesthesia
(June 1998).
4. Discuss the etiology and management of various cardiac arrhythmias
occurring during anaesthesia (Dec 2003) (Dec 2004).
5. Desribe the cardiac conduction system. How do you manage a patient with
PSVT? (Dec 2010).
6. Describe the common arrhythmias encountered during pre-operative period.
Discuss the therapeutic uses of Amiodarone (June 2011).
7. Discuss the etiology and management of Supra Ventricular arrhythmias
during surgery under GA (June 2012)
8. Enumerate the different types of arrhythmias encountered in the
intraoperative period. Discuss the causes and management? (June 2013).

BRONCHOSPASM
1. Intraoperative bronchospasm (Dec 1995) [Pg 111-RACE 2008]

2. Management of intraoperative bronchospasm (June 2007) [update in

anaesthesia]
3. Bronchospasm during anaesthesia and immediate postop period and its
management (Dec 1999) [Pg 53-ISACON 2009]
4. Intraoperative bronchospasm (Dec 2004).
5. Discuss the differential diagnosis of introperative bronchospasm.How will
you manage it? (Dec 2011).
6. What is the differential diagnosis of intraoperative bronchospasm? How will
you manage it? (June 2012).
7. Describe the differential diagnosis of intra-operative bronchospasm.Write
down its management (Dec 2012).

LARYNGOSPASM
1. Laryngospasm during anaesthesia (Dec 2007). [Yao, Ph 441-ISACON 2009]
2. Enumerate the causes and differential diagnosis of post extubation
laryngospasm.How will you manage it (Dec 2011)

ANAPHYLAXIS (ANAPHYLACTOID) REACTIONS

1. Clinical manifestations and management of anaphylactic reactions in
anaesthesia practice (June 1995).
2. Hypersensitivity reaction in anaesthesia practice (Dec 1995).
3. Discuss the pathophysiology and management of anaphylactoid reactions in
anaesthesia (June 2001) (Dec 2001).
4. Identification of anaphylaxis under GA and its management/Anaphylactoid
reaction during anaesthesia (June 2003) (Dec 2003).
5. Recognition and management of anaphylaxis during general anaesthesia (Dec
2003).
6. Anaphylactic reaction on the operation table (Dec 2005).
7. Management of acute anaphylaxis (June 2008).

8. Clinical manifestations and management of a patient with acute anaphylaxis

(June 2010).
9. Discuss clinical manifestations and management of acute anaphylaxis (Dec
2011).
10. Enumerate the agents implicated in allergic reactions during anaesthesia.
How would you manage a patient with anaphylaxis during anaesthesia? (Dec
2012).

INFECTIONS
1. Infections related to anaesthesia practice (Dec 2001). [Pg 974-Morgan]
2. Transmission and precaution against HIV in hospital setting (June 1995).
.HIV and anaesthesia (June 2003).
.AIDS (June 2004).
.AIDS and the anaesthesiologist (June 2005).
3. Hepatitis B and anesthesiologist (Dec 2000) (Dec 2004). [IJA 2004]

DELAYED RECOVERY
1. Possible causes of delayed recovery from GA (Dec 2004). [Pg 269-ISACON
2009]
2. What are the potential causes of delayed resumption of spontaneous
recovery after abdominal surgery with general anaesthesia? Discuss the
problem, its diagnosis and management (June 2005). [Pg 112-RACE 2002]
3. Discuss the causes of delayed recovery from anaesthesia and the
management (June 2006).
4. Discuss the causes of delayed recovery following GA (Dec 2008).

DESATURATION
1. Management of a patient who is not maintaining oxygen saturation after an
elective abdominal surgery (Dec 2005).

2. List the various causes of reduced arterial oxygen tension in the

intraoperative period and outline their management (June 2010).
3. A 30 year old female ASA Grade 1 following exploratory laparotomy is not
maintaining oxygen saturation in the postop period. Discuss its causes and
management (June 2011).

PMI
1. Prevention and treatment of intra-operative MI (June 2000). [pg 298-IJA
2007]
2. Discuss the diagnosis and management of MI in a patient undergoing noncardiac surgery (Dec 2008) [Pg 287-302-IJA 2007]

HTN
1. Etiology and treatment of hypertension during surgery (June 1994).
2. Define perioperative hypertension. Describe the causes and management
(Dec 2005).
3. What are the causes of intra-operative hypertension in a previously
normotensive patient? Discus various modalities to manage it
4. Causes of intraoperative hypertension and discuss its management (Dec
2006).

HYPERCAPNIA
1. CO2 carriage in blood and effects of hypercapnia (June 1995)
2. What are the causes of hypercarbia during the intraoperative period? Discuss
the effects and management (June 2006).

PULMONARY EDEMA
1. Treatment of acute pulmonary edema (Dec 1994).
2. Pulmonary edema in intraoperative and immediate postoperative period
(June 2002).

BLOOD LOSS

1. Blood loss monitors (Dec 1995)

2. Discuss the management of massive blood loss (June 2007). [ATOTW 136]
3. Write an algorithm for the management of early hemorrhagic shock. What are
the goals in early resuscitation during active bleeding? (Dec 2012)

HYPOTENSION
1. Aetiology and management of hypotension during anaesthesia (June 1996).
2. Hypotension during anaesthesia (Dec 1998). [ATOTW 148]

OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS
1. Occupational hazards for/to the anesthetist (June 1996) (June 2001) (Dec
2001) (Dec 2003) [CEACCP]
2. Describe in detail the occupational hazards to anesthetists (Dec 2005).
1. Causes of perioperative seizures (Dec 1994)
2. Peripheral nerve injury under anaesthesia is preventable complication (Dec
2000).
3. Risk and management of pulmonary aspiration (Dec 2000)
4. Iatrogenic complications in anaesthesia (1996-2000)
5. Discuss the management of massive blood loss (June 2007).

DVT
1. What are the clinical features of DVT? Describe the prophylactic and
management strategies (June 2013).

------------------------------------------------------------------------34) Preoperative Evaluation.

PAC
1. PAC clinic (June 1994).

2. Preoperative visits (Dec 1999).

3. ASA physical status classification for preoperative anaesthetic risk
assessment (June 2010).
4. What are the goals of pre-anaesthetic check up? ASA risks grading and
fasting guidelines (Dec 2011). [Pg 1002 Miller 7th Ed]
5. What is ASA physical status classification? Briefly describe other factors that
may alter the risk associated with anaesthesia (June 2013)

SMOKING
1. Hazards of smoking relevant to anesthetist (June 1997).
2. Discuss the assessment, preparation and problems of anaesthesia in a
chronic smoker for cholecystectomy (Dec 1999).
3. Enumerate the effects of chronic smoking and the anaesthetic implications
(Dec 2008).
4. Chronic smoking and the anesthesiologist (June 2009). [IJA 2009]
5. Describe the effects of smoking and its anaesthetic implications (Dec 2010).

LIVER DISEASE
1. Assessment of risk factors for patient with moderate to severe liver disease
(Dec 2001). [RACE 2011]
2. Preoperative preparation and surgical risk assessment in a patient with
cirrhosis of liver (June 2000). [Pg 1269-1271-Barasch]
3. Pre-anaesthetic evaluation and preparation of a patient with portal
hypertension for lieno renal shunt (June 2007)

IHD
1. Evaluation of cardiac patient for non cardiac surgery (June 2004).
2.Enumerate the RCRI.Draw the algorithm of cardiac evaluation for non-cardiac
surgery as recommended in ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines on peri-operative CVS
evaluation and care(June 2010).

3. How will you evaluate a 50 year old male patient with history of IHD
presenting for major abdominal surgery? (Dec 2011).

VHD
1. Preoperative evaluation of a patient with VHD (Dec 2005).
2. Pre-operative evaluation and preparation of a patient with TOF (June 2006).
1. Pre-operative evaluation of autonomic functions (June 2002) (Dec 2004).
2. Pre-anaesthetic evaluation and preparation of patient for pheochromocytoma
(Dec 2004).
3. Pre anaesthetic evaluation of a patient of MS for MTP and sterilization (Dec
2005).
4. Preoperative preparation of a diabetic patient with history of bleeding varices
lino renal shunt operation (Dec 2005).
5. Pre.anaesthetic evaluation of a thyrotoxic patient scheduled for
thyroidectomy (Dec 2005).
6. ASA physical status classification (Dec 2007).
7. Bedside PFTs (June 2010).

------------------------------------------------------------------------35) Anaesthetic Complications of Concurrent Disease

PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA:1.Discuss the pathophysiology and diagnosis of a case of
pheochromocytoma.Give an account of preparation, monitoring and anaesthetic
management of a 25 year old patient suffering from pheochromocytoma(June
1995)
2. Discuss the anaesthetic management of a 35 year old patient with
pheochromocytoma scheduled for bilateral adrenalectomy (Dec 2006).
3. A young man is suffering from pheochromocytoma.Discuss the preoperative
preparation and anesthetic management for removal of the tumor (June 1997).

4. What is pheochromocytoma? What are its clinical features? Discuss

preoperative investigations, preparation and anaesthetic management of such a
case for surgical removal (Dec 1998). [Pg 501, ISACON 2011]
5. Discuss pre anaesthetic assessment, preparation and management of a 16
year male kept for pheochromocytoma excision. How will you manage post
anaesthetic complications? (Dec 2000).
6.Discuss the pre anaesthetic preparation, anaesthetic goals and intraoperative
management of a 30 year old female patient with diagnosis of
pheochromocytoma scheduled for excision of adrenal tumor(June 2011).

IHD

CORONARY STENT
1. Guidelines for management of anaesthesia in a patient with coronary stent
(June 2008).
2. Draw the algorithm for preoperative management of a patient receiving
antiplaelet therapy as recommended by ACC/AHA guidelines in perioperative
cardiovascular evaluation and care. Describe the preoperative management of a
patient with coronary stent (Dec 2009) [Pg 235-ISACON 2009]
3. Describe the anaesthetic considerations in patients having coronary artery
stent (Dec 2010).

***********************************************************************

CARDIAC PATIENT FOR NON CARDIAC SURGERY

1. Discuss the preoperative evaluation and anaesthetic management of an
emergency abdominal operation in a 60 year old man who had MI 6 weeks back
(1996-2000).
2. Preoperative preparation and evaluation of a patient with history of
exertional angina for surgery under general anaesthesia. (June 1996)
3.Discuss briefly the preoperative evaluation and anaesthetic management of a
50 year old patient who had acute MI three months ago, and is scheduled for
inguinal hernia repair(Dec 2006).

4. Discuss your anaesthetic management of strangulated inguinal hernia in a

patient with a recent MI (June 1999).
5. Describe the arterial circulation of the heart with the aid of a diagram
mentioning the unique features of coronary blood flow. Explain the Goldmans
Cardiac risk Index and its importance to the anesthetist (1996-2000).
6. Pathophysiology of CAD. Discuss the anaesthetic management of a patient
with angina (June 2004).
7. Cardiac evaluation for non-cardiac surgery (June 2004).
8. Anaesthetic management of a case of essential hypertension scheduled for
upper abdominal surgery (June 2005).
9. Classify cardiomyopathies.Describe management of a 60 year old male with
dilated cardiomyopathy scheduled for laparotomy (Dec 2010)
10. What is diastolic dysfunction? Discuss the evaluation and implications to
the anesthetists (Dec 2011). [Chapter 6-Stoelting co-existing]
11. Discuss the pre-operative evaluation of a patient with IHD.Discuss the
perioperative monitoring for MI and its management (June2012).
12. What are the predictors of cardiac risk in cardiac patients undergoing non
cardiac surgery? Describe briefly the anaesthetic consideration in a patient with
coronary artery disease with ejection fraction of 40% for laparoscopic
cholecystectomy (Dec 2012).

VHD
1. Clinical features of infective endocarditis, principle guidelines to use
antibiotics as prophylaxis against, during surgery (June 2005).
2. Discuss the anaesthetic management of 20 year old male with RHD with MS
for closed mitral valvotomy (June 2007). [Pg 3 OAR, Pg 31-Stoelting]
3. Preop evaluation and anaesthetic management of a 30 year old patient with
MS and AF scheduled for balloon angioplasty and valvoplasty (Dec 2007)
[CEACCP vol 5 no.6 2005]

HTN

1. Define HTN.How will you evaluate and prepare preoperatively a 40 year old
female patient scheduled for abdominal hysterectomy. Discuss the anaesthetic
and postoperative management of such a case? (Dec 2000)

DM
1. Discuss pre and post anaesthetic management of acute abdomen in a patient
with uncontrolled diabetes (Dec 1994)
2.Discuss the preoperative investigations, preparation and anaesthetic
management of a 50 year old diabetic patient presenting for an exploratory
laparotomy for a lump in the abdomen.(Dec 1999)
3. Management of DKA (Dec 1998). [Pg 803-Morgan, Pg 1300-Barasch]
4. Principles of management of DKA (June 2002).
5. DKA (June 2004).
-Preoperative management of DKA (June 1994) (Dec 2004).
6. Preoperative patient of a diabetic patient with history of bleeding varices
linorenal shunt (Dec 2005).
7. Anaesthetic management of a case of DM scheduled for open
cholecystectomy (Dec 2005).
8. Diabetic patient with autonomic neuropathy for TAH (June 2006).
9. Discuss the anaesthetic management of an inadequately managed diabetes
mellitus patient with ketoacidosis posted for BKA (June 2007). [Pg 1300
Barasch]
10. Describe the different methods used for perioperative control of blood
sugar in diabetic patients undergoing major abdominal surgery with their
advantages and disadvantages (Dec 2009). [Pg 782-Yao]
11. Describe the clinical manifestations of diabetic autonomic neuropathy.
What are its implications? (Dec 2010).

12. Describe the preoperative evaluation of a patient with DM scheduled for

surgery. Briefly describe the methods of maintaining intraoperative blood sugar
levels in a diabetic patient scheduled for major abdominal surgery (June 2013).

THYROID

HYPOTHYROIDISM
1. A 50 year old woman with hypothyroidism is scheduled for abdominal
hysterectomy. Discuss the anaesthetic management (Dec 2008).
2. Describe the clinical features of hypothyroidism. Discuss the anaesthetic
consideration in a hypothyroid patient scheduled for upper abdominal surgery
(Dec 2011)

THYROID STORM
1. Etiopathology and management of thyroid crisis (Dec 1999)
2. Thyroid crisis (June 2002)
3. Thyroid storm (June 2004).
4. Manifestations and management of thyroid storm (June 2008) (June 2009).
[Pg 1016-Morgan 4th Ed]
5. Describe the manifestations and management of thyroid storm
intraoperatively.Describe the management of such a case (Dec 2009).
1. Describe preop evaluation and preparation of a patient of
thyrotoxicosis.Describe anaesthetic and postoperative management of such a
case. (June 1996). [Pg 73-RACE 2004, Pg 64-ARC-06]
2.A 35 year old lady with huge thyroid mass presenting with thyrotoxicosis is
posted for subtotal thyroidectomy.Discuss the preoperative preparation and
anaesthetic management(Dec 2000).[Pg 1282-Barasch,Pg 807-Morgan]
3. Myxoedema coma (June 2002) (Dec 2004).

4. Causes of airway obstruction following thyroid surgery and its management

(June 2003).
5. Thyrotoxic patient for subtotal thyroidectomy (June 2006).
6. Enumerate the NS of larynx. Enumerate the signs and symptoms of bilateral
recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy following total thyroidectomy (Dec 2009).
7. Discuss preoperative evaluation and anaesthetic management of a 40 year
old hyperthyroid patient posted for total thyroidectomy.Enumerate
postoperative complications (June 2012).

COPD
1. Discuss the current concepts in the management of a case of chronic
obstructive airway disease in respiratory failure (1996-2000).
2. Anaesthetic management of a case of COAD (Dec 2001).
3. Describe in detail the anaesthetic management of patients with reactive
airway disease (June 2001).
4. Discuss the anaesthetic management of patients with reactive airway disease
(Dec 2001).
5. Intraoperative anaesthetic considerations in COPD patient scheduled for
upper abdominal surgery (Dec 2005).
6. What is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? How will you manage
oxygenation and pain in post operative period of a case of COPD undergoing
upper abdominal surgery? (Dec 2012)

CARCINOID TUMOR
1. Carcinoid tumor (June 2004).
2. A 30 year old woman is scheduled for removal of carcinoid tumor. Write the
anaesthetic management (June 2008). [Pg 172-Oxford handbook of
anaesthesia]

CUSHINGs syndrome
1. Discuss the anaesthetic management of a 25 years old female with Cushings
syndrome for bilateral adrenalectomy (June 2007). [Pg 395-Stoelting]

2. A 30 year old female with Cushings syndrome is scheduled for bilateral

adrenalectomy.Describe the anaesthetic management (Dec 2009).
1. Anaesthetic problems in an anemic patient (Dec 1998).
2. A 60 years old man presents for elective parathyroidectomy.Discuss the
anaesthetic management (Dec 2007) [Pg 398-Stoelting]

------------------------------------------------------------------------36) Patient Positioning.

1. Positional hazards under anaesthesia (1996-2000) [Pg 965-Morgan]
2. Enumerate various positions in relation to anaesthesia and discuss in detail
the problems associated with them (Dec 1996). [Pg 170-RACE 2003]
3. Describe the complications associated with sitting position during posterior
fossa surgery and their management (Dec 2010).
4. Discuss the anaesthetic problems of surgery in prone position (June 2011).

------------------------------------------------------------------------37) Neuromuscular Disorders and Malignant

Hyperthermia
MG
1. MG versus Myasthenia syndrome (June 1994)
2. What is myasthenia gravis? What are its clinical features? Discuss the
preoperative investigations, preparation, anaesthetic management of such a
case presenting for interval appendicectomy and management of the likely
complications. (June 1998) [Pg 818-Morgan, P 69-RACE 2001, Pg 109-RACE
2005, RACE 2011]
3.Discuss pre-anaesthetic assessment,preparation,anaesthetic management and
post operative complication in 20 year old female with myasthenia gravis
posted for thymectomy(June 2001)(Dec 2001).

4. Anaesthetic management of MG (June 2003)

5. MG and its anaesthetic management (Dec 2003).
6. Preoperative preparation of a case of MG scheduled for thymectomy (June
2005).
7. Myaesthenic syndrome (June 2006).
8. Discuss the anaesthetic management in a patient of MG scheduled for
thymectomy (Dec 2006)
9. What are the clinical features of MG? Discuss perioperative evaluation and
anaesthetic management of a case presenting for interval appendicectomy (June
2012).
10. What are the anaesthetic concerns in the management of a patient with
myasthenia gravis scheduled for thoracoscopic thymectomy (Dec 2012).

MH
1. MH (Dec 1998) (Dec 2003) (June 2004). [Pg 945-Morgan]
2. Current concepts in the diagnosis and treatment of MH (June 1999).
3. What is malignant hyperthermia? Discuss its clinical features and laboratory
finding. Why is it important for the anesthetist to know about this syndrome?
(June 2002).
4. Temperature regulation in adults, predisposing factors, diagnosis and
management of MH (June 2005).
5. What are the diagnostic features that would lead to identify malignant
hyperthermia during immediately after anaesthesia and state the guidelines of
management? (Dec 2005).
6. Diagnosis and management of an acute attack of malignant hyperthermia
(June 2006).
7. A 4 years old child weighing 15 kg undergoing strabismus surgery suddenly
develops tachycardia, rigidity of extremities and rise in temperature during
anaesthesia. Discuss the anaesthetic management (Dec 2007). [Pg 945Morgan]

8. Describe clinical presentation, pathophysiology and management of

malignant hyperthermia (Dec 2010).
9. Describe the etiology, clinical features and treatment of malignant
hyperthermia (Dec 2012).

GBS
1. GBS (June 2004).
2. GBS-discuss briefly etiology, pathogenesis, symptomatology and management
including anaesthesia (Dec 2007) [Stoelting 254}.

PARKINSONs disease
1. Pre-op evaluation and anaesthetic considerations of a patient with Parkinson
disease (June 2008) (Dec 2008). [Pg 227-Stoelting, Pg 650 Morgan, IJA 2007,
Pg 630-Barasch]

------------------------------------------------------------------------38) Fundamental Principles of Monitoring and

Instrumentation (PHYSICS related to anaesthesia)
VENTURI
1. Venturi principle and its clinical implication (June 1995) [Pg 181Aitkenhead]
2. Application of Venturi principle in anaesthesia practice (Dec 2000)
3. Venturi principle and its use in anaesthesia (June 1999).
4. Venturi principle and its application (Dec 2001) (Dec 2004).
5. Venturi principle and its application in anaesthesia (June 2003)
6. Venturi principle and its importance to anesthetist (Dec 2003).
7. What is venturi principle? Discuss its applications in anaesthesia practice
(Dec 2006)

8. What is venturi principle? What are its applications in anaesthesia? (June

2009).
9. Desribe Bernoullis principle and its various applications in anaesthesia (June
2012).

MINIMUM MONITORING STANDARD

1. Minimum patient monitoring during anaesthesia (June 1995) (June 1998). [Pg
118-Morgan]
2. What is minimum monitoring standard? Describe the objectives and methods
(Dec 2005).
3. Invasive intraop monitoring (June 2001) (Dec 2001)

------------------------------------------------------------------------39) Monitoring Depth of Anaesthesia.

BIS
1. What is BIS monitoring? What are its clinical applications in anaesthesia
practice? (Dec 2008).
2. BIS (June 2010). [Pg 99-ISACON 2009]
1. Minimum Alveolar Concentration (1996-2000).
2. Causes and prevention of awareness under anaesthesia (Dec 1995).
3. Awareness under anaesthesia (1996-2000) [Pg 66-RACE 2006, IJA 2009]
4. Awareness and wakefulness under anaesthesia (June 1999) (Dec 1994) [Pg
148-157-IJA 2009]
5. Awareness during anaesthesia (Dec 1998) (Dec 2000).
6. Assessment of intraop awareness (Dec 2005).

7. What do you mean by awareness during anaesthesia? Mention the monitors

in use to measure the depth of anaesthesia (June 2006).
8. Discuss the pharmacological principles of measuring the depth of
anaesthesia and techniques for monitoring the depth of anaesthesia (June
2002).
9. List and brief statement and effectiveness of each of the means available for
detecting awareness during anaesthesia (June 2005).
10. What are the measures by which you can measure the depth of anaesthesia
during the intra operative period? (June 2005).
11. Why is it important to measure the depth of anaesthesia? Briefly describe
the methods used (Dec 2011).

------------------------------------------------------------------------40) Cardiovascular Monitoring

IJV
1. Complications of cannulations of IJV. (Dec 1996)(Dec 2004).
2. Techniques and approaches to IJV cannulation (Dec 2007).
3. Describe the anatomy of IJV with the help of a diagram. Discuss any one
approach for IJV cannulation (Dec 2011)
4. Enumerate various approaches for central venous cannulation.Describe the
technique and complications of IJV cannulation (June 2012).

CARDIAC OUTPUT MONITORING

1. Non invasive cardiovascular monitoring (Dec 1994)
2. Cardiac output management with thermo dilution technique (June 1995).
3. What are the determinants of cardiac output and discuss various noninvasive methods of measurement of cardiac output (Dec 2006)
1. PAC (June 1998).
-Pulmonary artery pressure monitoring (June 2006).

2. CVP (June 1999) [Pg 131-Morgan 4th Ed]

-CVP, its application in anaesthesia (Dec 1996) (Dec 2007). [Pg 1285-Miller]
-CVP monitoring and its implications (Dec 2008). [Pg 238-RACE 2007]
3. Jugular venous oximetry (June 2002).
4. Central venous cannulation (Dec 2003).
5. Methods of central venous cannulation, uses, limitations and complications
of CVP monitoring (June 2005).
6. Describe the indications, contraindications and complications of invasive
arterial blood pressure monitoring. Describe the technique (Dec 2009). [Pg 123Morgan]

------------------------------------------------------------------------41) TEE
1. TEE (June 2001) (Dec 2001). [Yao]
2. How is USG useful in anaesthesia and intensive care medicine and explain the
usefulness of TEE during cardiac surgery (Dec 2005). [IJA 2007]
3. TEE in anaesthesia practice (June 2008). [RACE 2011]
4. Describe the role of intraoperative echocardiography in clinical anaesthesia
(Dec 2009).
5. USG->principles and its uses in day to day practice of anaesthesia (June
2010).
6. Discuss the use of TEE in anaesthesia practice (June 2011).
7. Desribe the role of TEE in hemodynamic monitoring of a patient with CAD
scheduled for surgery under General Anaesthesia (June 2013).

------------------------------------------------------------------------42) ECG

1. Modified bipolar standard limb lead systems and its usefulness for
intraoperative monitoring (Dec 1995).

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

43) ICD and Pacemakers

1. Discuss different types of pacemakers and briefly enumerate precautions to
be taken during surgery with pacemaker (June 2007).
2. Enumerate the evidenced based indications for pacemaker insertion. Mention
the general principles of anaesthetic management of a patient with pacemaker
scheduled for surgery (Dec 2009).

------------------------------------------------------------------------44) Respiratory Monitoring.

PULSE OXIMETER
1. Limitations of pulse oximeter (Dec 1995).
2. Pulse oximetry (Dec 2000). [Pg 140-Morgan]
3. Physical principles of pulse oximetry (June 2005). [Pg 1-ISACON 2009]
4. Pulse oximetry-principles and applications (Dec 2007).

CAPNOGRAPHY
1. Role of capnography during anaesthesia (June 1996). [Pg 45-RACE 2004]
2. Capnography (Dec 1994) (June 2000) (Dec 2001)
3. Discuss principles of monitoring end tidal CO2 (June 2007).

4.-What is capnography? Draw a neat labeled diagram of a normal capnograph

and discuss clinical considerations of capnography (Etco2 monitoring)
(June2012).

1. Factors influencing tissue oxygenation (1996-2000) **. [Pg 65-RACE 2010]

2. Respiratory monitoring in anaesthesia (Dec 2003).
3. Discuss various methods of oxygen monitoring in anaesthesia practice (June
2007). [Pg 65-RACE 2010]

------------------------------------------------------------------------45) Renal Function Monitoring

------------------------------------------------------------------------46) Neurologic Monitoring.

1. SSEP (June 1998) **.
2. Minimum monitoring for post spinal fusion in scoliosis (June 2003).
3. Methods of intracranial pressure monitoring, uses and complication of ICP
monitoring (June 2005).
4. ICP monitoring and its applications (Dec 2007) [Pg 55-ISACON 2007, Pg
395-ISACON 2009]

------------------------------------------------------------------------47) Neuromuscular Monitoring

1. Methods of monitoring neuromuscular junction function (Dec 1995).
2. Methods of monitoring of neuromuscular transmission during anaesthesia
(Dec 2004).
3. Intraoperative neuromuscular monitoring (June 2007).

4. Compare and contrast TOF and Double burst (Dec 2008).

5. What are the factors affecting neuro-muscular blockage? Discuss various
methods to monitor neuromuscular blockage (June 2009). [Pg 37-ISACON
2009]
6. Enumerate various techniques of monitoring neuromuscular blockade during
anaesthesia. List the advantages and limitations of each of these techniques
(June 2010). [Pg 127-RACE 2010]
7. Discuss various patterns of nerve stimulation in neuromuscular monitoring
and their interpretation with the help of diagrams (June 2011).

------------------------------------------------------------------------48) Temperature Regulation & Monitoring

1. Discuss the regulation of body temperature. How will you prevent
hypothermia in a neonate posted for major abdominal surgery (Dec 2002).
2. Describe in brief the sites and devices for temperature monitoring (Dec
2008).
3. Classify hypothermia. Describe the path physiological effects of hypothermia
(June 2012).
4. Briefly describe thermoregulation in the human body. Discuss the impact of
perioperative hypothermia (June 2013)

------------------------------------------------------------------------49) Perioperative Acid-Base Balance

1. Anion gap (Dec 2006).
2. Preanalytical consideration of ABG measurement (Dec 1999).
3. What are the major buffer systems in the body? Enumerate the causes,
effects and management of metabolic acidosis (Dec 2009). [Pg 716-Morgan]
4. What is anion gap? Desribe the causes and management of metabolic
acidosis from low cardiac output (Dec 2012).

------------------------------------------------------------------------50) Airway Management in the Adult

AIRWAY ASSESSMENT
1. Airway assessment (June 2005).
2. List the bedside test available to predict the difficult intubations. Comment
on their use (June 2005).

SGA
1. Supra Glottis Airway devices (Dec 2007). [Pg 85-RACE 2009, Pg 633-OAR]
2. I-gel Airway (June 2008) (June 2010). [IJA 2009]
3. Enumerate the different SGAs.tabulate the differences between Proseal LMA
and I-gel airway (June 2011).

LMA
1. Merits and demerits of LMA (June 1996).
2. LMA: various modifications (June2007). [IJA 2005]
3. Discuss the role of LMA in ASA Difficult Airway Algorithm (June 2013)

DIFFICULT AIRWAY

TM ANKYLOSIS
1. Describe airway management of a patient of ankylosing spondylitis with
severe restriction of neck movement posted for total hip replacement (Dec
1996).
2. Discuss the preoperative assessment and the method of anaesthesia in
patient with TM ankylosis for the release of ankylosis (Dec 2003).
3. A 20 year old is scheduled for release of TMJ ankylosis.Discuss the various
methods to secure the airway (Dec 2008). -Describe briefly the difficult airway

algorithm. How will you perform awake intubation in an adult with restricted
mouth opening? (Dec 2011). [IJA 2011]
***********************************************************************
1Assessment and management of difficult intubation (June 1995).
2. Evaluation of difficult airway (June 2002).
3. Difficult intubation/Predictive factors and intubation difficulty (Dec 2003).
4. Describe briefly the difficult airway algorithm. How will you perform awake
intubation in an adult with restricted mouth opening? (Dec 2011)

ATTENTUATION OF LARYNGOSCOPIC RESPONSE

1. Attentuation of laryngoscopic reaction to intubation (Dec 2000).
2. Discuss various methods to obtund intubation response to laryngoscopy and
intubation (June 2007). [Pg 145-OAR]
3. Describe the occulocardiac reflex? Discuss measures to attenuate presser
response to laryngoscopy/intubation (June 2011).

VOCAL CORD PALSIES

1. Vocal cord palsies with the aid of diagrams of direct laryngoscopic view (Dec
2000).
2. Anatomy of larynx. Enumerate with diagrams the types of vocal cord palsies
(June 2005).
3. Describe innervations of larynx.Brieflydiscuss various palsies following nerve
injury (June 2011). [Pg 13 Wylie 5th Ed]

FOB
1. Modes of ventilation during bronchoscopy (Dec 1994).

2. Draw a labeled diagram of a flexible FOB and describe methods for its
sterilization or high level disinfection (Dec 2007).
3. Describe the techniques for anaesthetizing the airway for awake fibreoptic
laryngoscopy and intubation through nasal route in an adult with restricted
mouth opening (Dec 2010).

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ADULT AND PAEDIATRIC LARYNX

1. Describe the anatomy of larynx with difference in adult and children. What is
importance of recurrent laryngeal nerve in anaesthesia practice (June 2002).
2. How does the paediatric airway differ from that of an adult? What are the
implications for an anesthesiologist (Dec 2009). [Pg 36-IJA 2004, Pg923Morgan]

AWAKE INTUBATION
1. How will you anaesthetize the airway of a 40 year old man for awake
intubation? (Dec 2006).
2. Describe the anatomy of larynx. How would you anaesthetize the airway for
awake intubation (June 2009).
3. Describe the nerve supply of nasal cavity and larynx. How would you block
these nerves for awake nasal intubation?
1. Double Lumen ETT (June 1996).
2. Airway management in an unconscious patient (June1998).
3. Discuss the management of CICV situation in the OT (Dec 2006).

------------------------------------------------------------------------51) Spinal, Epidural and Caudal Anaesthesia.

ANTICOAGULANTS AND RA
1. Antothrombotic prophylaxis and neuraxial anaesthesia (June 2006).
2. Enumerate the guidelines for RA in a patient on anticoagulant therapy (Dec
2008). [Pg 299-Morgan 4th Ed, Pg 106-RACE 2006]

3. Enumerate the guidelines for RA in a patient on antiplatelet therapy (June

2009).
4. Describe anaesthetic concerns for regional anaesthesia in a patient on
anticoagulants (Dec 2010).
5. What are the recommendations for neuraxial anaesthesia in a patient on
anticoagulant therapy? (Dec 2011)
6. Describe the guidelines for central neuraxial blockage in a patient on
anticoagulant therapy (June 2013).

PDPH
1. PDPH (June 1999). [IJA 2006, ATOTW-181, Pg 125 RACE 2012}
2. What is PDPH? What are the factors affecting it? Describe the management of
such a case (Dec 2009).
3. What are the differences between a subdural and subarachnoid block? Write
the clinical features and management of PDPH (Dec 2011)
4. Define PDPH.Describe its clinical features and management (June 2013)
1. Complications of epidural anaesthesia (June 1995).
2. Pulmonary function changes following central neuraxial blockade (June
1999). [Pg 297-Morgan]
3. Continous subarachnoid block (Dec 1996).
4. IVRA (June 1995) (June 1997). (Dec 1998)(Dec 2003)[Pg 981-Barasch, Pg 311SAARC 9th]
5. Epidural analgesia for postop pain relief (Dec 1996).
6. Epidural pressure and various factors affecting the same (Dec 1998).
7. Indications and contraindications of regional anaesthesia (Dec 2001).
8. Effect of intrathecal neostigmine on spinal anaesthesia (June 2002).
9. CSE (June 2002).
10. Caudal block (June 2003).

11. Modified CSE (June 2003).

12. Caudal epidural analgesia in anaesthesia practice (Dec 2004).
13. Complications of extramural anaesthesia (June 2006) (June 2007). [Pg 153RACE 2007]
14. Anatomy of epidural space and methods of identification (Dec 2007) [Pg 24
and 33-Pramila bajaj]
15. Describe the boundaries of epidural space. Discuss five common
complications of epidural block (Dec 2011)

------------------------------------------------------------------------52) Nerve Blocks.

STELLATE GANGLION BLOCK
1. Indications and methods of stellate ganglion block (June 2002).
2. Stellate ganglion block-indications and complications (Dec 1995).
3. Enumerate the indications, contraindications, complications and method of
establishing stellate ganglion block (Dec 2008).
4. Describe the anatomy of stellate ganglion. Discuss indications, techniques
and implications of stellate ganglion block (Dec 2010).
5. Define CRPS.Describe the technique and complications of Stellate Ganglion
Block (June 2013).

BRACHIAL PLEXUS BLOCK

1. Anatomy of brachial plexus and its importance to the anesthetists (June
2002).
2. Discuss one method of brachial plexus block through supraclavicular
approach and enumerate the complications associated with it (June 2007). [Pg
333-Morgan]
3. Anatomy of brachial plexus with the help of a diagram. Enumerate the
various techniques of brachial plexus block (June 2010)

OPTHALMIC BLOCKS
1. Peribulbar blocks (Dec 1998).
2. Peribulbar block-indications, techniques and complications (June 2010).
3. Merits and demerits of retro bulbar vs. peribulbar block (June 2002).

COELIAC PLEXUS BLOCK

1. Describe the anatomy of celiac plexus. Discuss the indications and methods
to block celiac plexus (June 2009(Dec 2011). [Pg 385-Morgan 4th Ed]
2. Illustrate the anatomy of celiac plexus with the help of a diagram. Describe
the technique of celiac plexus block and its complications (Dec 2009).
3. Enumerate the method available for pain relief in patients with Carcinoma
Pancreas. Describe Celiac Plexus block with the help of a diagram (June 2013)

ANKLE BLOCK
1. Innervation of foot and technique of performing ankle block (Dec 1995)
2. Describe the nerve supply of foot and the technique of ankle block for
amputation of great toe (Dec 2006).
3. Describe the nerve innervations of the foot with diagram and discuss the
local anaesthetic block at the ankle for the amputation of gangrenous toes in a
patient (June 1999). [Pg 352-Morgan]
4. Describe the regional block for removal of infected corn foot (Dec 2010)

PARAVERTEBRAL BLOCK
1. Describe anatomy of paravertebral space and describe one method of
establishing paravertebral block (June 2007). [Pg 354-Morgan]
2. Describe the anatomy of par vertebral space with diagram. Describe one
method of establishing paravertebral block (June 2012)
1. `Three-in-one` block (Dec 2001).
2. Horners syndrome (June 2003).

3. Describe with the help of a labeled diagram, the anatomy of lumbar plexus
and describe the techniques of lumbar plexus block (June 2008). [Pg 343Morgan 4th Ed]
4. Describe the course of sciatic nerve and any one approach to block the nerve
(June 2011).

------------------------------------------------------------------------53) USG guidelines for RA

1. What principle is used in USG? How is USG useful in anaesthesia? (June
2008).

------------------------------------------------------------------------54) IV Fluid and Electrolyte Physiology.

CRYSTALLOID/COLLOID
1. Merits and demerits of crystalloids and colloids (June 1994)
2. Crystalloid and colloid (Dec 1999). [Pg 1705-Miller]
3. Crystalloid Vs Colloid (Dec 2003).
4. Discuss the different types of colloid solutions. Describe their advantages
and disadvantages (June2012)
1. Plasma volume expansion (June 1999) (Dec 1999).
2. Uses, advantages and disadvantages of plasma expanders (June 1998).
3. Plasma expanders (Dec 2001).
4. Plasma volume expanders (June 2005).
5. Water and electrolyte disturbances and their pre anaesthetic correction in
small gut obstruction (Dec 1996).
6. Gelatin as spinal preloading (June 2002).

7. Comparitive evaluation of RL, Low molecular weight Dextran and 3.5%poly

8. Human Albumin (Dec 2003).
9. Third space loss-its importance to anesthesiologist (Dec 2005).
10. Merits and demerits of various synthetic colloids (Dec 2006).
11. Discuss the role of plasma proteins in anaesthesia (June 2007).
12. Compare and contrast as IV fluid (Dec 2008).

Mg2+
1. Role of Magnesium in anaesthesia practice (June 2000). [FRCA/BJA]
2. What are the therapeutic uses of magnesium? How does it work? (Dec 2005)
3. Role of Magnesium in anaesthesia and ICU (Dec 2004) (June 2006) (June
2007). [ATOTW 90]
4. What are the physiological functions of magnesium? Describe its therapeutic
uses in anaesthesia (June 2012)

K+
1. Hypokalemia (Dec 1998) (June 2000). [Pg 677-Morgan]
2. Hypokalemia-definition, clinical manifestation and management (June 2010).
3. Define hypokalemia.What are the clinical manifestations of hypokalemia?
How will you treat hypokalemia intraoperatively? (June 2011)

***********************************************************************
1. Treatment of hyperkalemia (June 2002).
2. Causes, diagnosis and treatment of hypo and hyperkalemia (June 2005)
3. Hyperkalemia (June 2006).

4. Define hyperkalemia.Discuss signs and symptoms and anaesthetic

consideration (June 2009). [Pg 680-Morgan]
5. Enumerate the causes, clinical manifestations and management of
hyperkalemia (Dec 2011).
6. Causes, diagnosis and treatment of hypo and hyperkalemia (June 2005).

***********************************************************************
1. Discuss the ECG abnormalities due to various electrolyte imbalances (Dec
2008). [Pg 679-Morgan 4th Ed]

SIADH
1. Water intoxication (June 1999).
2. How is the diagnosis of dilutional hyponatremia made? What is its
significance in anaesthesia? (June2002).
3. What is SIADH? Describe the clinical features and management of SIADH (Dec
2011)
4. Describe the causes and management of acute dilutional hyponatremia in the
immediate postoperative period (Dec 2012)

Na+
1. What are the manifestations of Hyponatremia and how will you treat it? (Dec
2006).
2. Enumerate the signs and symptoms of Hyponatremia.Describe the
management in a patient with serum sodium level of 115 meq/L scheduled for
knee replacement under RA (Dec 2009). [Pg 671-Morgan].

3. What are the causes and clinical features of Hyponatremia in the post operative
period? Describe its management (June 2013).
Ca2+

1. Discuss causes, clinical manifestations and treatment of

hypocalcaemia...What are the anaesthetic considerations? (June 2012)

------------------------------------------------------------------------55) Transfusion Therapy

BLOOD COMPONENT THERAPY
1. Present trend of blood component therapy (June 2000)
2. Blood component therapy (Dec 1998) (June 2002) (June 2005) [Pg 161
ISACON 2008, Pg 1758-Miller]
3. Role of blood components in perioperative period (Dec 2007).
4. Enumerate the indications for transfusion of packed red cells, FFP, platelets
and cryoprecipitate (June 2010)

COMPLICATIONS
1. Blood transfusion and related disease transmission (Dec 1995).
2. Complications and Sequelae of BT (June 1996) (Dec 2008) [Pg 700-Morgan
4th Ed]
3 .Complications of BT (June 1997).
4. Management of mismatched BT (Dec 2003).
5. How will you diagnose mismatched BT intraoperatively? Describe its
management (Dec 2009).

MASSIVE BLOOD TRANSFUSION

1. Massive blood transfusion (June 2003).
2. What is massive blood transfusion? What are the complications of massive
blood transfusion? (June 2009). [Pg 702-Morgan 4th Ed]
3. Define massive BT. Discuss the complications associated with massive blood
transfusion (June 2011).

1. Storage lesions in blood (Dec 1995).

2. Recent trends of BT and blood products (1996-2000). [Pg 147-RACE 2011]
3. Clinical uses of blood (June 2002).

------------------------------------------------------------------------56) Coagulation.
1. DIC (June 1995) (June 1998).
2. What is DIC? Enumerate its causes and management (June 2009) [Pg 403barasch 6th Ed]
3. Discuss the physiology of Hemostasis and its significance (June 2005).
4. What is TEG? Draw a labeled diagram to show a normal tracing. What are its
implications? (Dec 2008). [Pg 394-Barasch 6th Ed, Pg 338-Yao]
5. Describe various tests for monitoring peri-operative coagulation (June 2011).
[Pg 392-Barasch 6th Ed]
6. Briefly outline the evaluation and management of a patient with suspected
perioperative coagulopathy (June 2012)
7. Describe the algorithm of the evaluation and initial therapy of a patient with
suspected perioperative coagulopathy (Dec 2012).

------------------------------------------------------------------------57) Autologous Transfusion VIIa and Bloodless Medicine.

AUTOLOGOUS BLOOD TRANSFUSION
1. Autologous BT (June 1996) (June 1998) (June 1999) (June 2000) (Dec 2004)
(Dec 2007). [ACNA-2005]
2. Auto transfusion (June 2004).
3. What is autologous BT? Describe the various techniques of autologous BT
(Dec 2006). [Pg 151-RACE 2011][Pg 1781-Miller]

4. Discuss criteria for patient selection, contraindications, advantages and

disadvantages of autologous BT (June 2012).

BLOODLESS MEDICINE/BLOOD CONSERVATION STRATEGY

1. Perioperative blood conservation (Dec 2000)
2. What are the methods adopted by the anesthetist to reduce the need for
allogenic blood transfusions (June 2005).
3. Artificial blood/synthetic oxygen carrying substances (June 2006).
4.Write the blood conservation strategies in a 20 year old female scheduled for
excision of angiofibroma of nose(June 2008).[Pg 65-RACE 2009]
5. Different techniques of reducing the need of allogenic blood transfusion
(June 2010)

RECOMBINANT FACTOR VIIa

1. Recombinant factor VIIa (Dec 2006).
2. What is recombinant Factor VIIa? Describe the clinical usage of it (Dec 2010).

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION V-ADULT SUBSPECIALITY MANAGEMENT

58) Anaesthesia for Treatment of Chronic Pain.
WHO STEP LADDER PATTERN FOR PAIN RELIEF
1. WHO regimen of chronic pain management (June 1997). [Pg 26-RACE 2005]
2. The WHO three step ladder pattern for pain relief in advanced cancer (Dec
1997) (Dec 2001).
1. Role of anesthesiologist in managing shoulder dystrophy syndrome (Dec
1994).

2. Trigeminal neuralgia, clinical features and management (Dec 1996). [Pg 375
and 408-Morgan]
3. Management of reflex sympathetic dystrophy (June 1997). [Pg 406-Morgan]
4. Anaesthetists role in pain and palliative care (Dec 2005).
5. Phantom limb pain (June 2006).
6. Pain management options in a patient with intractable pain due to carcinoma
of head of pancreas (Dec 2007) (June 2011). [Pg 297-RACE 2010]
7. Define and classify chronic pain. Describe the methods of treatment of CRPS
in left upper limb in a 20 year old male patient (Dec 2009).
8. Explain the term CRPS? What are the types of CRPS? Describe its clinical
features and options for treatment (June 2012).
9. What is IASP (international association for study of pain) definition of pain?
How do you classify pain? Briefly describe the interdisciplinary management of
chronic pain. (Dec 2012).
10. What is hospice? When should you begin hospice care? How does hospice
serve patients and families? (Dec 2012)

------------------------------------------------------------------------59) Anaesthesia for Thoracic Surgery

OLV
1. One lung anaesthesia (June 1995).
2. Problems and management of one lung anaesthesia (June 1997).
3. One lung anaesthesia-problems and management (Dec 2004).
4. What are the indications for OLV? Discuss the ventilatory management
during one lung anaesthesia (Dec 2006). [Pg 589-Morgan 4th Ed]

5. What are the indications of OLV? What are the methods of lung separation?
Discuss the problems involved (June 2009).

PNEUMONECTOMY
1. Discuss the anaesthetic management of a patient posted for pneumonectomy
Ca Right Bronchus-preparation and management (June 2004).
2. Discuss the pre-operative evaluation and preparation of a 55 year old male
with bronchiectasis scheduled for right lower lobe excision (Dec 2010).
3. How would you evaluate and prepare a patient with chronic bronchiectasis
scheduled for pneumonectomy? Briefly enumerate the postoperative
complications (June 2012).

ESOPHAGECTOMY
1. Preoperative assessment, preparation specific to thoraco abdominal
esophagectomy.Describe your anaesthetic problem during operation (June
2005). [Pg 379-OHA], [Pg 609-Morgan]
2. A 68 year old patient with carcinoma esophagus is scheduled for
transthoracic esophagectomy.Outline the preoperative evaluation, preparation
and anaesthetic management (June 2010)
3. A 68 year old male with carcinoma esophagus is posted for total
esophagectomy and gastric pull up. Describe the preoperative preparation,
evaluation and anaesthetic management (June 2011).

PFTs
1. Relevance of PFTs (Dec 2000). [Pg 153-RACE 2009]
2. Describe with diagram the flow volume loops in:
(a)Healthy adult

(b)Patient with restrictive lung disease

(c)Patient with obstructive lung disease (June 2009). [Pg 8-Yao]
3. Draw a diagram to show various lung volumes and capacities. Describe the
spirometry features of patients with obstructive and restrictive pulmonary
disorder (Dec 2010)

1. Anaesthesia for drainage of empyema thoracis (June 2000). [Pg 372-OHA]

2. Broncho-pleural fistula (June 2002).
3. Anaesthetic consideration for patient with BPF for repair (Dec 2005).
4. Hydropneumothorax (June 2003).
5. Write the indications of mediastinoscopy? Write the anaesthetic implications
of mediastinoscopy (June 2008). [CEACCP 2007][Morgan 607]
6. A 40 year old male with emphysematous bulla in right lung is scheduled for
thoracoscopic excision of bulla (VATS).Describe the anaesthetic management
(Dec 2009).

60) Anaesthesia for cardiac surgery

CPB
1. Myocardial preservation (June 1994) (June 2004)
2. Myocardial protection during CPB (Dec 1997). [Pg 1089-Barasch]
3. Anticoagulation and CPB (Dec 2007). [Pg 1088-Barasch]
4. Cardioplegia and its role in cardiac anaesthesia practice (Dec 2007). [Pg 439Satish deshpande]
5. Discuss the various criteria required before weaning a patient from CPB (June
2011).
6. Describe the commonly encountered problems following CPB in the postbypass period (Dec 2012).

OPCAB
1. Discuss advantages and disadvantages of OPCAB (Dec 2006)
2. Enumerate the indications of OPCAB.Describe the technique, advantages and
disadvantages (Dec 2009). [Pg 177-RACE 2009]
1. Discuss anaesthetic management of 20 years old male with RHD with MS for
closed mitral valvotomy (June 2007).
2. Preop evaluation and anaestheitc management of a 30 year old patient with
MS and AF scheduled for balloon angioplasty and valvoplasty (Dec 2007).
3. Enumerate the circulatory assist device. What are the indications,
contraindications and complications of IABP? (Dec 2010).
-Describe the mechanism by which IABP augments coronary perfusion. What are
the indications and contraindications for the use of IABP? (Dec 2012)

CARDIAC TRANSPLANT
1. Preop anaesthetic implications in a patient with transplanted heart posted
for incidental surgery (Dec 2007). [Pg 22-Stoelting]

------------------------------------------------------------------------61) Anaesthesia for Correction of Cardiac Arrythmias

(pacemakers)
1. Specific problems and their prevention during anaesthesia in a patient with
artificial pacemaker (Dec 2000). [RACE 2008, Pg 437-RACE 2009]
2. Pacemakers (June 2002).
3. What are the indications for elective cardioversion? How do you prepare and
perform this procedure? (Dec 2006).
4. Discuss different types of pacemakers and briefly enumerate precautions to
be taken during surgery in a patient with pacemaker (June 2007) [Pg 74-OAR]
5. Describe the cardiac conduction system. How do you manage a patient with
PSVT? (Dec 2009).

------------------------------------------------------------------------62) Anaesthesia for Vascular Surgery.

1. Role of anesthetist in a case of TAO (June 2002).
2. Describe the anaesthetic management in a patient with Abdominal Aortic
dissection scheduled for aortic bypass graft (Dec 2009). [Pg 226-RACE 2010]
3. Discuss hemodynamic and metabolic changes during aortic clamping and
cross clamping. Describe the renal protective measures during aortic clamping
(June 2011).
4. Describe the preoperative evaluation, anaesthetic management and intra
operative monitoring of a patient scheduled for Carotid Endarterectomy (Dec
2012).

------------------------------------------------------------------------63) Anesthesia for Neurosurgery.

POSTERIOR CRANIAL FOSSA SURGERY
1.A 40 year old male had pulse 45/min and BP 190/110 mmHg,diagnosed case
of tumor mass in the posterior fossa.How will you prepare and manage the case
for removal of tumor(June 2004)
2. A 20 year old female with mass in posterior cranial fossa is scheduled for
craniotomy. Describe the anaesthetic management (Dec 2009). [Pg 205-RACE
2011]
3. Describe the anaesthetic considerations for excision of a mass in the
posterior cranial fossa in a 20 year old patient (Dec 2011).
4. A 20 year old female with mass in posterior fossa is scheduled for
craniotomy. Describe the preoperative preparation and anaesthetic
management (June 2013).

INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM/AV MALFORMATION

1. Describe anaesthetic and postoperative management of a patient undergoing

intra-cranial aneurysm surgery (Dec 1996). [Pg 385-ISACON 2009]
2. Discuss the perioperative management of cerebral AVM (Dec 2005).
3. Describe the preoperative evaluation and anaesthetic management of a 20
year old male scheduled for Cerebral AVM Surgery (June 2013)

TRANSPHENOIDAL HYPOPHYSECTOMY
1. Anaesthetic management of a case of pituitary adenoma for transphenoidal
hypophysectomy. (June 2006).
2.A 25 years old man presents with marked features of acromegaly and is
posted for Transphenoidal Hypophysectomy.Discuss the anaesthetic
management(Dec 2007).[EORCAPS-2011].

REGULATION OF ICP/ICT
1. Discuss the regulation of ICT and methods available for reducing it under
anaesthesia (Dec 1994).
2. Discuss the regulation of ICP.Describe the methods available for reducing it
under anaesthesia (June 2012).
1. Hydrocephalus and its various methods of management (June 2002).
2. What is cerebral protection? Explain the methods adopted in clinical practice
for cerebral protection (June 2005)
3. Intraoperative problems of neurosurgical procedures under anaesthesia in
sitting position (June2007).

------------------------------------------------------------------------64) Anaesthesia for Bariatric Surgery.

1. Morbid obesity-its anaesthetic implication (Dec 1994).
2. Discuss the anaesthetic techniques and postoperative problems in an obese
patient for large hernia of interior abdominal wall (Dec 1996).

3. Define morbid obesity. Enumerate the changes that occur in the respiratory,
cardiovascular and metabolic systems in obesity. A 40 year old patient with
height 158 cams and weighing 150 kgs is scheduled for pyelolithotomy.How
will you evaluate this patient preoperatively? Discuss the problems involved
and the anaesthetic management (June 2000).
4. Obesity: anaesthetic problems (1996-2000).
5. Describe obesity and problems related to this. How would you manage the
anaesthesia and choice of anaesthetic agent (June 2003).
6...Morbid obesity-anaesthetic problems (Dec 2004).
7. Anaesthetic considerations in obesity (June 2005).
8. Anaesthetic problems in a patient with extreme obesity (June 2006) (June
2007).
9. Discuss the perioperative problems in a patient with morbid obesity (Dec
2008).
10. Discuss the problems and their anaesthetic implications of a 40 year old
morbidly obese patient scheduled for gastric banding (June 2009).
11. Define morbid obesity. Outline the intraoperative anaesthetic
considerations in this patient scheduled for bariatric surgery (June 2010).
12. Define BMI.Classify obesity and discuss the anaesthetic considerations in
morbidly obese patients (Dec 2011). [Pg 289-OAR]
13.Discuss the preoperative evaluation of a 25 year old man with OSA
scheduled for laparotomy.How would you prepare him for surgery(June
2012)[Pg 79-RACE 2012].
14. Describe briefly the intra operative considerations for bariatric surgery.
(Dec 2012)

------------------------------------------------------------------------65) Anaesthesia for Renal and GUT

1.Describe the anaesthetic assessment and management of a 70 year old

patient posted for TURP.What are the possible complications and how will you
treat them?(Dec 1995).
2. TURP syndrome (Dec 2000). [Pg 359-RACE 2012]
3. Anaesthetic management of 80 years old male kept for TURP (Dec 2001).
4. Anaesthetic considerations of a patient on pacemaker for TURP (Dec 2005)
5. What are the problems associated with anaesthesia for an elective surgery in
a patient of chronic renal failure (Dec 2005).
6. Describe clinical presentation, pathophysiology and management of TURP
syndrome (June 2011).
7. What are the causes, signs and symptoms of TURP syndrome? How will you
manage? (June 2013)

------------------------------------------------------------------------66) Anaesthesia and Hepatobiliary System.

HEPATO RENAL SYNDROME
1. Hepatorenal syndrome in anaesthesia practice-etiology and management
(June 1997). [Pg 144-OHA]
2. Hepatorenal shutdown-etiology and prevention (June 1999).
3. Discuss the patho-physiology of hepatorenal syndrome. What are the
measures to prevent it? (June 2009).
4. Describe briefly the diagnosis, pathophysiology and treatment of heaptorenal
syndrome in a case of advanced liver cirrhosis (Dec 2012)

LIENO -RENAL SHUNT

1. Discuss the anaesthetic problems in a patient undergoing lieno renal shunt
(Dec 2004). [Pg 363-RACE 2011]

2. Pre anaesthetic evaluation and preparation of a patient with portal

hypertension for leno renal shunt (June 2007) [IJA 2007]
3. Write preoperative evaluation and preparation of a patient with portal HTN
scheduled for L-R shunt (June 2008). [Pg 42-RACE 2010, OAR-Pg 307]
4. Describe the preoperative evaluation and preparation of a 30 year old patient
with portal hypertension scheduled for LR shunts (June 2009).
5. A 40 year old patient with portal hypertension is scheduled for lieno renal
shunt. Outline the pre-operative evaluation, preparation and anaesthetic
management of this patient (June 2010). {Pg 265-270-Stoelting]
1. Anaesthetic considerations in Chronic liver Failure (Dec 2005).
2. A patient with obstructive jaundice (Serum bilirubin 20 mg %) is posted for
Whipples procedure. Discuss preoperative evaluation and anaesthetic
management of this case (Dec 2006).
3. Describe the risk stratification of a patient with deranged liver functions
scheduled for partial liver resection (Dec 2009).
4. Enumerate the functions of liver. Discuss the anaesthetic implications in a
patient with cirrhosis and ascites (Dec 2011)

------------------------------------------------------------------------67) Anaesthesia for Organ Transplantation.

RENAL TRANSPLANT
1. How do you plan for renal transplant surgery? Draw plan for an operation
theatre exclusively for renal transplant surgery (1996-2000).
2. Pre-operative evaluation of a case with CRF posted for renal transplant
(Dec2002).
3. A 35 year old patient of chronic renal failure is scheduled for renal
transplant. Discuss the anaesthetic management (Dec 2006).

4. What are the anaesthetic implications in a patient with a transplanted kidney

posted for incidental elective surgery (Dec 2008). [Pg 2166-Miller]
5. Discuss the preoperative evaluation, preparation and anaesthetic
management of a patient with transplanted kidney presenting for incidental
elective surgery (June 2011).

LIVER TRANSPLANT
1. Anaesthetic problems of liver transplantation surgery (June 2005).

HEART TRANSPLANT
1. A patient who has undergone heart transplant requires non cardiac surgery.
What precautions must be undertaken by an anaesthetic for surgery (Dec 2005).

------------------------------------------------------------------------68) Anaesthesia for Laparoscopic Surgery.

1. Problems of laparoscopic surgery and monitoring techniques used during the
procedure (1996-2000).
2. Describe physiological changes associated with pneumoperitoneum for
laparoscopic cholecystectomy (June 2009). [Pg 69-ISACON 2008]
3. Discuss the physiological changes due to pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic
abdominal surgery. List the intra-operative complications (June 2011).

------------------------------------------------------------------------69) Anaesthesia for OBG

I.PIH

HELLP SYNDROME

1. Diagnosis and management of HELLP syndrome (June 1996).

2. HELLP syndrome (Dec 2004) (June 2006).
3. Management of HELLP syndrome (June 2007).
4. HELLP syndrome: role of anesthesiologist (June 2010)
****************************************************************************
1. Define pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.discuss the pathophysiology.Formulate,
with reasons the anaesthetic technique for such a patient posted for CS (Dec
1995). [Pg 375-RACE 2011]
2. Describe the problems, complications and anesthetic management of CS in a
patient with pre-eclamptic toxemia (Dec 1996). [Pg 273-ISACON 2008]
3. Discuss the pathophysiological changes in pre-eclampsia and
eclampsia.Discuss your choice of anaesthetic technique for such a patient for
emergency CS. (1996-2000) [Pg 175-ISACON 2010]
4. A 25 years primi gravid in 34 weeks of pregnancy with PIH presented with a
BP of 200/110 mmHg for an elective LSCS.Discuss the problems involved and
the anaesthetic management (June 2000)
5. Mg SO4 therapy (Dec 2000). [Pg 387-RACE 2011, Pg 142-OAR]
6. A 35 weeks pregnant pt with BP of 200/100 mmHg, edema and albuminuria
is to be prepared for elective CS.Discuss preparation and preferred anaesthesia
technique (regional or general) (Dec 2003)
7. PIH-role of anesthesiologist (June 2007).
8. Anaesthetic management of patient with severe pre eclampsia for CS (June
2008).
9.Discuss the perioperative evaluation and management of a 30 year old primi
admitted at 36 weeks of pregnancy with eclampsia presenting for emergency
LSCS(June 2009).
10. Describe the anaesthetic management of a patient with PIH scheduled for
CS (Dec 2009). [Pg 128-OAR]

11. Discuss the anaesthetic management of a full term prinigravida with severe
pre eclampsia, scheduled for emergency CS (June 2011). [Pg 375-RACE 2011].
12.Define PIH.Describe pathophysiology and anaesthetic management in a 30
year old female with 36 weeks pregnancy scheduled for elective LSCS(June
2013).

II.NON OBSTETRIC SURGERY DURING PREGNANCY

1. A female patient aged 32, with 5 months amenorrhea suffered from Kochs
mid dorsal spine developed paraplegia. She is scheduled for anterolateral
decompression surgery. Discuss pre-operative preparation, anaesthetic
management and postoperative care (Dec 1996).
2. Anaesthetic management of emergency appendicectomy in a 16 weeks
pregnant patient (June 2005).
3. Anaesthesia for a pregnant woman for non-obstetric surgery (Dec 2005).
4. Laparoscopic surgery in a pregnant patient (June 2006).
5. Outline the anaesthetic management of a female with 28 weeks pregnancy
scheduled for emergency appendicectomy (June 2010) [RACE 2003, ISACON
2007]
6. Describe the physiological changes of cardiovascular and respiratory systems
in pregnancy. Discuss the anaesthetic considerations and management of
pregnant patient undergoing non-obstetric surgery during first trimester (Dec
2011)

III.ANAESTHESIA FOR CS

Mendelsons syndrome
1. Discuss the pathogenesis, clinical features and management of
Mendelssohns syndrome (June 1996). [Pg 286-Morgan, Pg 1223-Barasch]
2. Aspiration prophylaxis in obstetrics (Dec 1999).
3. Management of Mendelsons syndrome (Dec 2000).

4. What is Mendelsons syndrome? Enumerate acid aspiration prophylaxis in a

patient scheduled for emergency CS (June 2010).
***********************************************************************
PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGE SDUE TO PREGNANCY
1. Describe physiological changes occurring during pregnancy and clinical
implications to the anesthesiologist (Dec 2001). [Pg 63-ARC-05]
2. Supine hypotension syndrome (June 2000) (Dec 2004).
3. Techniques to prevent hypotension after SA in CS (Dec 2007).
4. What are the objectives of premedication in a patient scheduled for elective
CS? Describe the drugs used with their doses and rationale (June 2012)

IV.PREGNANCY AND CO-EXISTING DISEASE

1. A patient of COA is scheduled for CS.Discuss the preoperative preparation,
anaesthetic management and postoperative care of the patient (Dec 1999).
2. Medical diseases and obstetrics (June 2003)
3. Problems and management of pregnant patient with dilated cardiomyopathy
on treatment for emergency LSCS (June 2005).
4. Pre-anaesthetic evaluation of a patient of MS for MTP and sterilization (Dec
2005).
5.Discuss the pre operative evaluation and management of a 30 year old female
patient who underwent mitral valve replacement 6 months ago and is now
scheduled for MTP with laparoscopic sterilization(Dec 2006).
6. Enumerate the preoperative problems and anaesthetic management of a 28
year old patient with MS for elective CS (Dec 2008). [IJA 2010-issue 5 review
article]
7. A HIV positive patient is scheduled for elective CS.Describe the precautions
for the management of this patient (Dec 2009).

IV.LABOUR ANALGESIA

1. Describe the various regimens for painless labour (June 1994)

2. Modern trends in obstetric analgesia (June 2001) (Dec 2001).
3. Describe innervations of female genital tract with a diagram and discuss
methods of producing painless labour (June 2006).
4. Discuss the physiological changes secondary to pain in labour.Describe the
role of para-cervical and pudendal nerve blocks in obstetric analgesia (Dec
2011).
5. Draw a labeled diagram of labor pain pathway. Describe method, advantages
and disadvantages of preferred technique of labor analgesia (Dec 2012)

V.GENERAL
1. Amniotic fluid embolism (Dec 1994).
2. Role of anesthesiologist in an obstetric unit (Dec 2005).
3. Regional Vs GA in obstetric surgery (Dec 2005).
4. Medical aspect and obstetrics (Dec 2003).
5. Enumerate the physiological changes during pregnancy and their clinical
implications (Dec 2008). [Pg 63-ARC 5, Pg 875-Morgan 4th Ed]
6. What are the causes of obstetric haemorrhage? Describe its management
including anaesthesia (Dec 2010).

------------------------------------------------------------------------70) Anaesthesia for Orthopedics.

TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT
1. A 60 year old women with RA is for THR.Discuss the anaesthetic problems
and management (June 1994)

2. An 80 year old male is posted for total hip replacement. Discuss the preoperative evaluation, preparation and anaesthetic management of this case
(June 2002). [Pg 205-ISACON 2009]
3. Anaesthetic problems of total hip replacement in elderly patients (Dec 2005).
4. Anaesthetic consideration of a patient for surgery for fracture neck of femur,
one year after CABG (Dec 2005).
5. An 86 year old patient is scheduled for open reduction and internal fixation
of subtronchanteric fracture of femur. Discuss the preoperative evaluation and
anaesthetic management of this patient (Dec 2006).
6. Enumerate the perioperative problems and anaesthetic management in an 80
year old patient scheduled for THR (Dec 2008).
7. Describe the anaesthetic management of an 80 year old male scheduled for
THR.Mention the methods of postop pain relief (Dec 2009).
8. What are the pre-operative considerations in total hip arthroplasty? What are
the goals of its intra-operative management? (Dec 2010)
9. What are the causes of intra operative hypotension during total hip
replacement? Outline the treatment strategies (Dec 2012)

SCOLIOSIS
1. Discuss the anaesthetic problems, preoperative preparation and anaesthetic
management of a case posted for correction of kyphoscoliosis (June 1995).
2. Anaesthetic problems in scoliosis surgery (June 2006).

FAT EMBOLISM
1. Discuss in detail the etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of
fat embolism syndrome (June 2002).
2. Describe pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis and management of fat
embolism (Dec 2010).
1. RA technique for upper extremity surgery (Dec 1994)

2. What are the indications and contraindications for use of arterial tourniquet?
What complication may arise from the use of such tourniquet (June 2005).
3. Problems encountered by anesthetists during the orthopedic operative
procedures (June 2005).
4. Risk factors for venous thromboembolism and classify the current methods
of prevention with examples (Dec 2005)
5. How will you diagnose DVT? Write the methods of prophylaxis and
management (June 2008). [Pg 850-Morgan]
6. How do you diagnose DVT? Describe the predisposing factors and its
management (Dec 2009).

------------------------------------------------------------------------71) Anaesthesia for Geriartrics.

1. Ageing and organ function (June 2001) (Dec 2001).
2. Enumerate age related changes in CVS, RS, NS and renal systems in geriartric
patient which can affect anaesthetic management. How do the changes in renal
functions affect anaesthetic management? (Dec 2012)

------------------------------------------------------------------------72) Anaesthesia for Trauma.

1. Role of anesthetist in multiple trauma (Dec 2001). [Pg 113-ISACON 2007]
2. Post traumatic fat embolism (June 2001) (Dec 2001).
3. How will you do anaesthetic management in 10 years old child with multiple
injuries? (June 2003).
4. Assessment of an adult who sustained multiple trauma of few hours
duration (Dec 2004).

5. What are the factors that predispose trauma patients to increased

anaesthetic risks? Briefly mention their management (Dec 2012).
6. Mention briefly the organization of anaesthesia and resuscitative services for
disaster management (June 2013)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

73) Anesthesia for Prehospital Emergency and Trauma

Care.
GOLDEN HOUR
1. Golden hour (June 2002).
2. What do you mean by the golden hour in trauma? Discuss the role of
anesthetist in resuscitation of trauma patient (June 2006). [Pg 538-ISACON
2011, Pg 287-RACE 2012]
3. What do you mean by golden hour in trauma? Explain the role of anesthetist
in trauma management (June 2007).

TRIAGE
1. What is Triage? What are triage criteria in relation to trauma? (Dec 2008).
2. Importance of triage in mass casualty incident (June 2010). [Pg 2327-2328Miller]
3. What do you mean by multi-casualty triaging? Why is it important? How do
you triage victims in the casualty following a mass disaster? (June 2011).
1. Pre-hospital trauma care (Dec 2001).

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

74) Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents: The Role of

the Anesthesiologist.
1. Enumerate the classical biological warfare agents. Describe physical findings,
pathogenesis and treatment of anthrax (Dec 2010).

------------------------------------------------------------------------75) Anaesthesia for Eye.

PERFORATING EYE INJURY IN A CHILD
1. Anaesthesia for perforating injury of the eye in a 3 year old child (Dec 1996).
{Pg 833-Morgan]
2. A 4 year old child is scheduled for emergency repair of penetrating eye injury
of the eye. Discuss the anaesthetic management (Dec 2006).
3. Describe the anaesthetic management in a 10 year old child scheduled for
perforating eye injury repair (Dec 2009).
4.Describe the preoperative evaluation and anaesthetic management of a four
year old child with perforating eye injury scheduled for repair under GA(Dec
2012)
1. Anaesthesia for squint surgery (1996-2000).
3. Occulocardiac reflex (June 1995) (June 2001) (Dec 2001) (Dec 2006).
4. Anaesthesia for intraocular surgery (June 2001) (Dec 2001).
5. Describe the different anaesthesia techniques practiced for cataract surgery
and their complications (June 2006).

------------------------------------------------------------------------76) Anesthesia for ENT

POST- TONSILLECTOMY BLEEDING

1. Post tonsillectomy bleeding (June 2002).
2. Anaesthetic management of a case for post-tonsillectomy bleeding (June
2002) (June 2005) (June 2006).
3. Anaesthetic considerations and management of a child with posttonsillectomy bleeding (Dec 2007). [Pg 174-RACE 2011]
4. An 8 years old child who underwent tonsillectomy 4 hours ago returns to the
operating table with bleeding from tonsillar site. Describe preparation,
preoperative assessment and anaesthetic management of this case (Dec 2012)

LARYNGECTOMY
1. Anaesthesia for total laryngectomy (June 1998). [Pg 2375-6-MILLER]
2. Discuss the anaesthetic management of a 70 year man with carcinoma larynx
for total laryngectomy (June 2007).
3. How will you evaluate a 65 year old chronic smoker with carcinoma of larynx
scheduled for laryngectomy? Discuss the anaesthetic management (June 2013)

GENERAL
1. Anaesthetic management of a child with retropharyngeal abscess presenting
for surgical drainage (June 1995).
2. Problems of micro laryngeal surgery (Dec 1995).

------------------------------------------------------------------------77) Anaesthesia for Robotic Surgery.

1. Anaesthetic problems in robotic surgery (June 2007). [Pg 2389-Miller]
2. Discuss the anaesthetic problems in robotic surgery (June 2012)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

78) Anaesthesia for Laser Surgery.

1. Problems during anaesthesia for laser surgery (June1996) [Pg 846-Morgan]
2. Anaesthesia for laser surgery of larynx (June 1997). [Pg 168-RACE 2011]
3. Anaesthetic management of laser surgery on tracheobronchisl tract (Dec
1999).
4. Anaesthetic problems in laser surgery (June 2002) (Dec 2004).
5. A 22 year old male patient with multiple papilloma of larynx is scheduled for
laser excision. Describe the anaesthetic management (Dec 2009).

------------------------------------------------------------------------79) Anaesthesia for DCS (AA).

MONITORED ANAESTHESIA CARE
1. Monitored Anaesthesia Care (June 1997). ** (Dec 2007). (June 1998). [Pg65RACE 2008]
2. Monitored anaesthesia care in a 75 year old man with IHD for cataract
surgery (June 2000).
3. Monitored anaesthesia care in 80 years old man with IHD for cataract surgery
(Dec 2004). [Pg 65-RACE 2008]
4. Define monitored anaesthesia care. Discuss its goals and techniques (Dec
2008). [Pg 814-Barasch 6th Ed]
5. What is monitored anaesthesia care? Discuss the discharge criteria for a
patient after day care surgery. (June 2009).
6. What is monitored anaesthesia care? Describe the technique in an 80 year old
patient with IHD scheduled for cataract surgery (Dec 2009).
7. What is monitored anaesthesia care? Describe minimum monitoring
standards for a patient undergoing monitored anaesthesia care (Dec 2011).

8. Define monitored anaesthesia care. Discuss its goals and techniques (June
2012) [EORCAPS 2012]

DCS
1. Day care surgery clinics in India (Dec 1994).
2. Anaesthesia for DCS (June 1999) (June 2001) (Dec 2001) (June 2002) [IJA
2005]
3. Day Care anaesthesia (June 2000).
4. Discharge criteria in outpatient anaesthesia (Dec 1997). (June 2003)
5. Discharge criteria for day care surgery (Dec 2003) (Dec 2004) (Dec 2006).
6. Criteria for recovery from anaesthesia in day care surgery (June 1998). [Pg
1427-Barasch]
7. Criteria for selection of patients for ambulatory surgery (June 2003).
8. RA in day care surgery (June 2006) (June 2007). [Pg 2435-Miller]
9. Describe the criteria for selection of anaesthetic agents for use in
DCS.Enumerate the agents of your choice with reasons (Dec 2009).
10. A 6 years old boy underwent adenoidectomy under GA as DCS.Enumerate
the discharge criteria of this patient (June 2010).
11. What are the anaesthetic considerations for DCS? Discuss the clinical
criteria for recovery and discharge after day care surgery (June 2012)

------------------------------------------------------------------------80) Anaesthesia at Remote Locations.

MRI
1. MRI and anaesthesia (June 2002).
2. MRI (June 2004).

3. What are the problems in monitoring an anaesthetized patient in MRI (Dec

2005).
4. Anaesthetic considerations for MRI (June 2006).
5. Anesthetic concerns for MRI (Dec 2008).
6. What are the limitations and hazards of providing anaesthesia in the MRI
suite? Describe the anaesthetic management of a 6 months old child with
hydrocephalus scheduled for MRI (Dec 2009) (Dec 2012).
7. Describe the anaesthetic management in a patient scheduled for MRI (Dec
2010).

RD AND RT
1. Anaesthesia for RT (1996-2000).
2. Anaesthetic management of radio diagnostic procedures (June 2007). [Pg
2463-Miller, Pg 21-ISACON 2008]

ECT
1. Anaesthesia for ECT (June 2006).
2. Anaesthetic considerations for modified ECT (Dec 2007).
3. A 60 year old male with refractory depression is scheduled for ECT.Describe
the anaesthetic management (Dec 2009).
4. Elective cardio version (Dec 2007). [Pg 1232-Satish deshpande]

CT
1. Management of a 4 year old child scheduled for CT brain using an iodine
solution (Dec 2000).

IVF
1. Enumerate the general principles of anaesthesia outside the operating room.
Briefly outline the anaesthetic plan for 23 year old patient scheduled for Oocyte
retrieval in IVF suite (June 2013).

------------------------------------------------------------------------81) Clinical Care in Extreme Environments at High and

Low pressure in Space.
1. What are the problems with acute exposure to high altitude? Discuss briefly
the anaesthetic considerations at high altitude (June 2011).

------------------------------------------------------------------------82) Dental Anesthesia

1. Anaesthesia for multiple dental extractions in a child with TOF (Dec 1996).
2. Problems and role of anesthetist in dental chair (Dec 1999). [Pg 872Morgan]
3. Anaesthetic problems in dental chair (June 2001) (Dec 2001).
4. Problems of anaesthesia in dental chair (June 2005).
5. Discuss in brief the problems of adult patients with Downs syndrome for
multiple teeth extraction (June 2005).

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION VI-PAEDIATRIC ANAESTHESIA

83) RA in Children.
CAUDAL EPIDURAL IN PAEDIATRICS
1. Caudal epidural in paediatric patients (June 1994)
2. Caudal epidural analgesia in anaesthesia practice (Dec 2004)

3. What are the indications of caudal epidural in pediatric patient undergoing

surgery? Describe the techniques and write its complications (June 2008).
[Update in anaesthesia]
4. What are the indications of caudal epidural anaesthesia in paediatric patients
undergoing surgery? Describe the technique and enumerate its complications
(June 2009).
5. Discuss indications, techniques and complications of caudal epidural block
in children (June 2012).
1. Postoperative analgesia in children (Dec 1999).
2. Discuss the various methods of postop pain relief in paediatrics (Dec 1998).
[Pg 203-RACE 2012, IJA 2004]
3. Regional analgesia in children (1996-2000).
4. Postop analgesia in infant for circumscision (June 1997). [Pg356-Morgan]
5. Postop analgesia in children for inguinal hernia (June 1998).
6. Assessment of pain in children (Dec 2001)
7. Role of regional anaesthesia in paediatric surgery (June 2002).
8. Spinal anaesthesia in children (June 2006).
9. Indications, techniques and complications of spinal anaesthesia in paediatric
patients undergoing surgery (June 2007). [Update in anaesthesia]
10. What are the methods of pain assessment in infants and children? Discuss
the pharmacological management of acute pain in paediatric patients (Dec
2011). [Pg 1267 Wiley 7th Ed, Pg 203-RACE 2012], Ija 2004

------------------------------------------------------------------------84) Paediatric Anesthesia.

TEF
1. Anaesthetic management of a 2 day old neonate for primary repair of TEF
(June 1996). [Pg 2590-Miller]

2. Describe the anatomy and physiology of various types of TEF.Discuss the

anaesthetic management (June 2003). [Pg 71-RACE 2005]
3. Pre-anaesthetic assessment and preparation of one day old neonate for TEF
repair (June 2007). [Pg 941-Morgan]
4. Describe the anaesthetic management of a neonate scheduled for repair of
TEF (Dec 2009).
5. Discuss the perioperative problems and anaesthetic management of a two
days old child scheduled to undergo TEF repair (June 2011).

MENINGO-MYELOCOELE
1. Preoperative management of a neonate for meningomyelocoele surgery (June
1997). [Pg 206-Rebecca Jacob]
2. A neonate for repair of cervical meningo-myelocoele (Dec 2005)

HYDROCEPHALUS
1. Preoperative assessment and anaesthetic management of a 2 year old child of
hydrocephalus posted for shunt procedure (Dec 2007). [Pg 603-Stoelting]
2. Discuss the perioperative problems and anaesthetic management of a one
year old child with hydrocephalus scheduled for shunt procedure (June 2012).
[EORCAPS 2011]

GASTROCHISIS
1. Discuss the problems, preoperative preparation and anaesthetic management
of a neonate posted for repair of gastrochisis (Dec 2001). [Pg 26-ISACON
2008]
2. Management of a one day old neonate posted for correction of gastrochisis
(June 2001).

FOREIGN BODY
1. A 4 year old boy has come in emergency with foreign body in right bronchus.
How will u manage for bronchoscopy for such a patient (June 2004).

2.Anaesthetic management of a 2 year old child for therapeutic bronchoscopy

following inhalation of foreign body 2 days ago child could not exhibit any sign
of airway obstruction(Dec 2005)
3. A 2 year old child weighing 10kg is scheduled for removal of organic foreign
body in right bronchus. Discuss the anaesthetic management (Dec 2007). [Pg
186-Rebecca Jacob]
4. A 2year old child is scheduled for removal of organic body in the right
bronchus. What is the anaesthetic management? (Dec 2008). [IJA 2007]
5. Discuss the pre-operative evaluation and anaesthetic management of a 2 year
old child scheduled for removal of foreign body in bronchus (Dec 2011).

CDH
1. Anaesthetic problems of repair of CDH in a neonate (Dec 2004) [Pg 111
RACE 2006, Pg 941 Morgan 4th Ed]
2. Anaesthetic management of CDH (June 2007). [Pg 593-Stoelting]
3. Pre-operative evaluation and anaesthetic management of one day old child
with CDH (June 2008) [Pg 111-RACE 2006]
4. Perioperative problems and anaesthetic management of a one day old child
with diaphragmatic hernia (Dec 2008).
5. Describe pre-operative evaluation and anaesthetic management of one day
old child scheduled for repair of CDH (June 2009).
6. A 2 day old child with CDH is scheduled for primary repair. Outline the preoperative evaluation, preparation and anaesthetic considerations of this case
(June 2010)
7. Describe the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and anaesthetic
management of CDH in a neonate (Dec 2011) [Pg 111-RACE 2012]

TEMPERATURE REGULATION
1. Discuss the regulation of body temperature. How will you prevent
hypothermia in a neonate posted for major abdominal surgery (June 2002)

2. Temperature regulation in neonate and prevention of hypothermia in

neonate during perioperative period (Dec 2004).
3. Heat loss during abdominal surgery in a newborn child (Dec 1996).

INGUINAL HERNIA
1.10 months old baby for hernia repair-anaestehtic and postoperative pain
management discuss (June 2005).

FLUID MANAGEMENT
1. Perioperative fluid requirement for a paediatric patient undergoing elective
surgery (Dec 1995).
2. Recent advances in intra-operative paediatric fluid management (Dec 2001)
[Pg 11-RACE 2011]
3. Perioperative fluid requirement in small paediatric patients (Dec 2005).
4. Outline the principles of perioperative fluid therapy in a 10 days old child
scheduled for elective surgery (Dec 2006).

GENERAL
1. Anaesthetic implications of neonatal anaesthesia (June 2005).
2. Preoperative considerations in paediatric patients (June 2005).
3. Fasting guidelines for children. How does premedication in adults differ from
that in children (Dec 2007) [Pg 400-401-RACE 2010]
4. Discuss the anaesthetic implications and perioperative management of a six
month old child scheduled for excision of cystic hygroma (Dec 2011). [IJA VOL
55, Issue 6, Nov-Dec 2011]
5. Enumerate the major concerns for anesthesiologist in hypertrophic pyloric
stenos is in a newborn. Write down the anaesthetic management of such a case
(Dec 2012).

6. Describe the preoperative evaluation and anaesthetic management of a one

month old child with biliary atresia scheduled for laparotomy and repair (June
2013)

85) Anesthesia for Paediatric Cardiac Surgery.

TOF
1. A ten year old child suffering from TOF is diagnosed to have brain abscess.
Outline the perioperative management (Dec 1998).
2. A child with TOF is posted for corrective surgery. Discuss the preoperative
evaluation and anaesthetic management of this case (June 2002).
3. Preopertaive evaluation and preparation of a patient of a patient with TOF
(June 2006).
4. How will you evaluate a three year old child with systolic murmur scheduled
for surgery? Briefly discuss the anaesthetic implications? (Dec 2012).
5. What are the causes and manifestations of Congenital Cyanotic Heart
Disease? Briefly discuss the principles of anaesthetic management in a case of
TOF (June 2013).

PDA
1. Classify CHD.Explain with diagrams the blood flow before and after delivery
in PDA (June 2005) [Pg 44-Stoelting]
2. Write anaesthetic management of a 3 year old child scheduled for PDA
ligation (June 2008). [Pg 795-OHA][Pg 47-Stoelting]

------------------------------------------------------------------------86) Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care.

1. Assessment of pain in children (June 2001).s briefly
2. Discuss briefly different modes used for neonatal ventilation (June 2007).
[Pg 78-ISA APCON 2006]

------------------------------------------------------------------------87) Fetal Anaesthesia.

1. Draw a neat labeled diagram of fetal circulation and delineate the difference
from adult (June 1996) (Dec 2004). [Pg 733-Stoelting physio/pharma]
2. Anaesthetic implications of fetal surgery (Dec 2007). [IJA 2009, Pg 432ISACON 2011, CEACCP 2008]
3. Draw a labeled diagram to illustrate the fetal circulation. What are the
circulatory changes that occur at birth? (Dec 2008). [Pg 884-Morgan]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION VII-POSTOPERATIVE CARE

88) PACU.
POSTOP SHIVERING
1. Post-op shivering (June 2004).
2. Postoperative hypothermia its causes, prophylaxis and management (June
1995).
3. Causes and management of post anaesthetic shivering (Dec 2006) (June
2011).
4. Discuss pathophysiology and management of shivering in PACU (June 2008)
(June 2009).
5. Post anaesthesia shivering-implications and management (June 2010)
1. APACHE score (1996-2000).
2. Oxygen therapy in the postoperative period (1996-2000).
3. Postoperative jaundice (June 2001) (Dec 2001).

4. Central anticholinergic syndrome in the postoperative period (Dec 2003).

5. Post-operative elective ventilation (Dec 2005).
6. Postoperative pulmonary complications (June 2006).
7. Causes and management of postoperative hypoxemia (Dec 2006).
-what are the factors leading to arterial hypoxemia in the PACU? Discuss the
differential diagnosis (Dec 2012)
8. Planning of PACU (June 2008). [Pg 1002-Morgan 4th Ed]
9. Describe the techniques of chest physiotherapy? What is its role in the post
surgical period (June 2009)?
10. What are the criteria for discharge from PACU? (Dec 2010).
11. What is postoperative jaundice? Describe its cause (Dec 2010)

------------------------------------------------------------------------89) PONV.
1. Post anaesthetic vomiting (Dec 1996).
2. PONV for ophthalmology (Dec 2001).
3. Enumerate the risk factors for PONV.Discuss its management (Dec 2006) (Dec
2008).
4. Enumerate the risk factors for PONV.Discuss measures to prevent and its
management (June 2009). [Pg 1005-Morgan 4th Ed]
5. Describe the risk factors and predictors of PONV.Describe its management in
the pre-operative period (Dec 2010).

------------------------------------------------------------------------90) Acute Postoperative Pain.

PRE EMPTIVE ANALGESIA

1. Discuss the various methods of providing postoperative pain relief. What do

you understand from the term pre-emptive analgesia (Dec 1995).
2. Pre-emptive analgesia (June 2002) (Dec 2004) (Dec 2005).
3. Recent views on pre-emptive analgesia (June 2007).
4. Pre-emptive analgesia: current status (June 2008).
5. Current concepts in pre-emptive analgesia (June 2010)
1. Commonly used techniques and drugs for postoperative pain relief (Dec
1994)
2. Pain relief for fracture ribs (June 1995)
3. Acute pain management service (June 2006).
4. Outline the various modalities for management of postoperative pain
following major abdominal surgery. Enumerate the differences between acute
and chronic pain (June 2010).

------------------------------------------------------------------------91) Postoperative IV Fluid Therapy.

------------------------------------------------------------------------92) Cognitive Dysfunction and Other Long-term

Complications of Surgery and Anaesthesia.
1. Central anticholinergic syndrome in postoperative period (June 2003)

------------------------------------------------------------------------93) Postoperative Visual Loss.

1. Enumerate causes of postoperative visual loss. Describe the path physiology
and its management (Dec 2010).

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION VII-CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE

94) Overview.
POISONING

OP POISONING
1. Clinical manifestations and management of acute OP poisoning (Dec 1995)
2. Care of OP poisoning in ICU (Dec 1998).
3. Describe the in-hospital management of OP poisoning (June 2009).
4. What are the signs and symptoms of OP poisoning? Discuss its management
(June 2011). [Pg 121-RACE 2011]
5. What are the clinical features of organophosphorous poisoning? How will you
manage a patient of oragnophosphorous poisoning in ICU? (Dec 2012).

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

CO POISONING
1. Discuss the pathophysiology and management of a case of carbon monoxide
poisoning (Dec 2008). [Pg 1044 Morgan 4th Ed]
2. Describe briefly pathophysiology, signs, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment
of carbon dioxide poisoning (Dec 2011) [Pg 552-Stoelting]
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

PARACETAMOL POISONING
1. Write clinical features, diagnosis and management of a case of paracetamol
poisoning (June 2008). [Paul Marino]
2. What are the clinical manifestations of Paracetamol poisoning? Describe its
management (June 2013)

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1. Methhemoglobinemia and anesthetist (June 2008).
2. Discuss the signs and symptoms, pathophysiology and management of
cyanide toxicity (June 2012)

NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS
1. Nosocomial infections in the ICU (Dec 1994)
2. Control of nosocomial infections in postop and ICU (June 2001) (Dec 2001).
3. What are the common nosocomial infections in the ICU? Discuss the
measures for prevention of VAP (June 2009)
1. The factors influencing tissue oxygenation (June 1999) (Dec 1999).
2. Discuss the management of a patient with snake bite (Dec 2006).
3. What are the determinants of cardiac output and discuss various noninvasive methods of measurement of cardiac output (Dec 2006)
4. APACHE score (Dec 1997)
5.A 65 year old patient, chronic cigarette smoker is admitted to emergency
department with acute respiratory distress and altered sensorium.His ABG
reveals Pao2 50 mmHg,Paco2 85 mmHg,pH-7.10.Discuss your plan of
management(June 2009).
6. What is mixed venous oxygen saturation? And its importance in critical care
setup? How is it measured (Dec 2011).

------------------------------------------------------------------------95) Critical Care Protocol.

I} MECHANICAL VENTILATION:-

A] WEANING
1. Weaning from prolonged ventilation (June 1995).
2. Protocol for weaning a patient from prolonged ventilator support (Dec 1995).

3. Weaning modes of ventilation (June 1997) (June 2001) (Dec 2001) (Dec 2003)
[Pg 1036-Morgan]
4. Weaning criteria in a patient of COPD on ventilator (June 2000)
5. Discuss different modes of weaning from ventilator (Dec 2006).
6. Criteria for weaning from prolonged ventilation (June 2008).
7. Enumerate the predictors of weaning from mechanical ventilation (June
2009). [IJA 2006]
8. Enumerate the predictors of weaning a patient on prolonged ventilator
support in the ICU (June 2010).
9. Describe the principles of weaning from mechanical ventilation (Dec 2010).
10. Discuss the various criteria for weaning a patient from prolonged
mechanical ventilation (June 2012

b] MODES
1. Pressure support ventilation (June 2004) (Dec 1995).
2. Mandatory minute ventilation (Dec 1995).
3. Inverse ratio ventilation (Dec 1996). [Pg 112-Chang]
4. Pressure Controlled Ventilation (Dec 1998) [Pg 1033-Morgan]
5. Write briefly on newer modes of ventilation. Discuss each of this ventilator
modality with reference to an established case of ARDS. (June 2000)
6. Newer modes of ventilation (June 1996) (Dec 2004).
7. Pressure Support Ventilation (June 2004).
8. Non invasive ventilation (Dec 2008).
9. Permissive hypercapnia (June 2010).

C] COMPLICATION
1. Volutrauma (June 1998)
2. Long term ventilation and its complication (June 1998).

3. Oxygen toxicity (June 2004) (Dec 2004).

4. Ventilator associated pneumonia-what are the causes and preventive
measures possible? (Dec 2004).
5. What are the common nosocomial infections in ICU? Discuss the measures
for prevention of VAP (June 2009).

D] PEEP
1. PEEP and its application in anaesthesia (June 1999). [Pg 85-Chang}
2. Describe PEEP, its mechanism of action, uses and complications (June 2005).
[Pg 1037-Morgan]
3. Compare and contrast PEEP and CPAP (Dec 2008). [Pg 1038-Morgan 4th Ed]
4. What is PEEP? How does it improve arterial pO2? What are its disadvantages?
(Dec 2011)

E] IPPV
1. Physiological changes associated with IPPV (Dec 1999).
2. Applied physiology of IPPV (Dec 2005).

F] ANALGESIA /SEDATION/PARALYSIS
1. Use of muscle relaxants in ICU (June 1998) (June 1999). [CJA]
2. Enumerate the role of sedation in ICU patients (June 2005)
3. The role of sedation in ICU patients (June 2005).
4. Enumerate the role of analgesics and sedation in patients on ventilator
therapy in ICU (June 2009) [Pg 536-Rashmi dutta]

II} BURNS
1. Discuss the management of a case of 40% burns (June 1997). [Pg 49, RACE
2011]

2. Discuss the pathophysiology and management of inhalational injury (Dec

1998).
3. Management of an adult with smoke inhalational injury (Dec 2004)
4. Resuscitation of a patient with 60% deep burn injury (Dec 2000) [Pg 59RACE 2007]
5. Anaesthesia for burnt patient (Dec 2001). [OAR-Pg 213]
6. Resuscitation of 60% burns in an adult patient (June 2006) [Pg 213, OAR]
7. Discuss the principles, assessment and methods of analgesia for pain relief
in burns (June 2003).
8. Assessment and resuscitation of patient with severe burns (June 2009) [Pg
870-Morgan 4th Ed]
9. Describe the initial assessment and resuscitation in a 25 year old female with
massive burns evacuated from the site of fire (Dec 2009).

III} ARDS
1. Describe the pathogenesis and management of adult respiratory distress
syndrome (June 1997). [Pg 477-anaesthesia and intensive care]
2. Describe the pathophysiology of ARDS.What are the diagnostic criteria (Dec
1997). [Ph 143-RACE 2012]
3. Discuss the pathophysiology of ARDS.Describe the current trends in the
management of ARDS (Dec 2000).
4. ALI (Dec 2001). [Pg 1042-Morgan]
-Recent advances in the management of ALI (Dec 2004).
5. Etiopathology of ARDS (June 2002).
6. Describe the ventilator management of ARDS (Dec 2005) (Dec 2010). [Pg 669Satish Deshpande][Pg 1042-Morgan 4th Ed]
7. Recent advances in the management of ALI and ARDS (June 2007).
8. Permissive hypercapnia (June 2008).

9. What is ARDS? Discuss the ventilator strategies in a patient of ARDS (Dec

2008)
10. What are the diagnostic criteria for ARDS? Desribe the ventilator strategies
for management of ARDS (June 2013)

IV} SHOCK/SEPSIS
1. Discuss the pathophysiology, preventive and corrective measures of
irreversible shock (June 1998). [Pg 1051-Morgan]
2. Define MODS. How do you plan to manage such a case? (June 2001)(Dec
2001).
3. Septic shock (June 2004).
4. Role of vasopressors in septic shock (Dec 2004).
5. What are the criteria for diagnosis of SIRS? Discuss the principles of
management in a patient of septic shock admitted in an ICU (Dec 2006).
6. Enumerate the symptoms of shock and discuss the methods used for
assessment of systemic perfusion (June 2008).
7. Describe various components of surviving sepsis guidelines (Dec 2010).
-Briefly discuss the management of a patient with severe sepsis as per
surviving sepsis guidelines (Dec 2012)
8. Define and classify shock. Discuss the recent guidelines for the management
of septic shock (Dec 2011).
9. How would you assess a case of septic shock due to pancreatitis? Briefly
discuss its management (June 2012)
10. Define and classify Cardiogenic shock. Describe briefly the guidelines for
the management of Cardiogenic shock (June 2013)

V} TRACHEOSTOMY
1. Tracheostomy -techniques and complications (Dec 2003).
2. Percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy (June 2008). [Pg 237-RACE 2009]

3. Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy: indications, techniques and

complications (June 2009). [IJA 2008-52(1)]
4. Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy-various techniques and their
advantages over conventional tracheostomy (June 2010).
5. Enumerate the indications of tracheostomy.Describe different techniques of
performing percutaneous dilatational trachesotomy (Dec 2010).

------------------------------------------------------------------------96) Respiratory Care.

1. Oxygen therapy (Dec 1997) (Dec 1999). [Pg 111-RACE 2009]
-Oxygen therapy in postop period (June 1998) [Pg 1-RACE 2002]
2. High Frequency ventilation (Dec 2003).
3. Discuss methods of humidification (Dec 2006).
4. NIV: advantages, disadvantages and methods of administration (June 2007).
[Pg 73-RACE 2009, Pg 315-ISACON 2009]
5. What is oxygen delivery? Classify oxygen delivery systems. Discuss the role
of vent mask in oxygen therapy (Dec 2011).

------------------------------------------------------------------------97) Neurocritical Care.

1. Resuscitation of head injury patient (Dec 1995).
2. GCS (June 1996) (June 2002) (Dec 2002) (Dec 2006).
3. Monitoring and control of raised ICP in head injury (June 1997). [Pg 50ISACON 2007]
4. Methods of decreasing increased ICP (June 2000).
5. Management of spinal injury (June 2001) (Dec 2001).

6. Regulation of intracranial tension (Dec 2001). [Pg 632-Morgan 4th end][Pg

1024-Barasch 6th Ed]
-Discuss the management of intracranial hypertension (June 2009)
7. Medical management of head injured patient (June 2005).
8. What is cerebral protection? Explain the methods adopted in clinical practice
for cerebral protection (June 2005).
9. Describe the regulation of ICP and methods available for reducing the
pressure under anaesthesia (June 2007).
10. What are the pathophysiological insults which exacerbate the primary brain
injury following head trauma? How can these effects be reduced? (Dec 2010).
11. What are the indications for ICP monitoring in patients with head injury?
Describe the ICU management strategies of a patient with severe head injury?
(Dec 2012).

------------------------------------------------------------------------98) Nutrition and Metabolic Control.

1. TPN (Dec 1996) (June 1999) [Pg 244-RACE 2002, Pg 1058-Morgan 4th Ed]
2. IV alimentation in ICU (June 1998).
3. Present day concept of IV alimentation (Dec 2000).
4. Principles of TPN (Dec 2001).
5. Indications and hazards of parenteral nutrition (Dec 2004).
6. Parenteral nutrition in critically ill patient (Dec 2006)
7. A 50 year old man with COPD is on ventilator in ICU.Plan his enteral feeding
and discusses its advantages and disadvantages (June 2008).
8. Enteric feeding in the critically ill patient (Dec 2008).
-Enteral feeding in the critically ill patients-indications, techniques and
complications (June 2010)

9. What are the goals of nutritional support in critically ill patients? Describe
the daily requirements for proteins, lipids, carbohydrates for a patient with
advanced sepsis admitted in the ICU (June 2011).
10. How will you calculate the energy requirements in an ICU patient? What are
the advantages and disadvantages of parenteral versus enteral nutrition? (Dec
2012).
11. What are the complications of Nutritional Support in ICU? What are the
special considerations in a patient with renal dysfunction? (June 2013)

------------------------------------------------------------------------99) RRT.
1. What is the problems related to chronic hemodialysis (June 2008).
2. What are the indications for RRT? List different modes of RRT.Discuss the
role of CRRT in septic shock (Dec 2010).
3. Discuss indications and techniques of RRT.Discuss role of CRRT in septic
shock (June 2012).
4. What are the indications for renal replacement therapy? Describe its role in
MODS (Dec 2012).

------------------------------------------------------------------------100) CPR-BLS and ALS.

NEONATAL RESUSCITATION
1. Neonatal resuscitation in the labour room (June 1994).
2. Neonatal resuscitation (Dec 2001).
3. New guidelines for neonatal resuscitation (Dec 2007). [Pg 1164-Barasch, Pg
2697-Miller]
4. What are the recent guidelines for neonatal resuscitation (Dec 2008)

5. What are the new guidelines for ventilation and external cardiac compression
for neonatal resuscitation? What are the drugs (with doses) used for neonatal
resuscitation? (June 2011). [IJA 2010].
6. Write down the algorithm for resuscitation of a newborn (Dec 2012)
1. Discuss cardiopulmonary and brain resuscitation. What are the diagnostic
criteria for brain death? (June 1995).
2. ALS (Dec 1997).
3. Discuss the current concepts and modified guidelines of Cardio Pulmonary
brain Resuscitation (June 1999). [Pg 73-RACE 2011]
4. Describe the BLS measure in an adult, who has been brought into the
emergency room of the hospital; in a state of cardiac arrest (June 1997). [Part
5-Adult BLS-CPR 2010]
5. CPR in pregnant women (June 2002).
-Resuscitation of term pregnant patient (June 2008). [Part 12.3-cardiac arrest
in special situations-CPR 2010]
6. Defibrillation (Dec 2003) [Part 6-electrical therapies-CPR 2010].
7. Current concepts in CPR (Dec 2004).
8. Recent advances in CPR (Dec 2005) (June 2006).
9. Discuss the management of an unconscious young patient with history of
drowning (June 2006).
-Discuss resuscitation of near drowning patient as per modified CPR guidelines
(June 2007). (Part 12.9-CPR 2010)
10. Airway devices recommended and used for CPR (June 2007). [Part 7.1-CPR
2010]
11. Enumerate 5 Hs and 5 Ts as possible causes of cardiac arrest. What it the
management of PEA in an unconscious patient? (Dec 2008).
12. Write the PEA algorithm as per the AHA guidelines (June 2010).

13. Enumerate the changes in the ACC/AHA guidelines on resuscitation (BLS

&ACLS) for management of cardiac arrest in adult (June 2010)
14. Describe the physiology of circulation during closed chest compressions.
Discuss the algorithm for BLS (Dec 2011)

------------------------------------------------------------------------101) Brain Death.

1. Brain death (June 2000) (June 2004) (Dec 2007).
2. Describe the criteria and neurological test for brainstem death and preparing
the patient for organ donation (June 2005).
3. Various clinical and confirmatory tests for brain death (Dec 2006).
4. Write in brief the criteria for determination of brain death and clinical tests
for confirmation (Dec 2008). [Pg 567-ISACON 2009]
5. Criteria for brain death and the role of anesthetist in organ harvesting (June
2010).
6. Describe preoperative assessment and anaesthetic management of a brain
dead patient scheduled for organ harvesting (June 2013).

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION VIII-ANCILLARY RESPONSIBILITIES AND

PROBLEMS
102) OR Management.
1. OR pollution (Dec 1994) (June 1999).
2. Sterilization of anaesthesia equipment (June 1998). [Pg 304-ISACON 2007]
3. Disinfection (June 2002).
4. Pollution in anaesthesia (Dec 2003).

5. OT safety (Dec 2005).

6. What is scavenging in OT? What are the five basic parts of a scavenging
system? What are the hazards of a scavenging system? (Dec 2012)

------------------------------------------------------------------------103) Electrical Safety in the OR

1. Prevention of fire and explosion hazards in OT (June 2002).

------------------------------------------------------------------------104) Environmental Safety including Chemical

Dependency.
1. Discuss the environmental hazards in the OT and discuss the measures for
its prevention (Dec 2008) (June 2011) (June
2012).[www.acssurgery.com/acs/chapters/ch08.htm]

------------------------------------------------------------------------105) Statistical Methods in Anaesthesia.

1. What do you understand by randomization and blinding in a clinical study?
What is importance of p-value and power of study? (Dec 2010).

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------CASE HISTORY
TURP+PACEMAKER
1. Discuss the pre-operative evaluation and anaestehtic management of an 80
year old patient with cardiac pacemaker for TURP (Dec 2011).

2. Outline the anaesthetic management of a 70 year old patient with permanent

pacemaker scheduled for TURP (June 2010)
3. Anaesthetic management of an adult patient with permanent pacemaker
posted for TURP (Dec 2004).
4. A patient on pacemaker for TURP (Dec 2005).
1. Anaesthetic management of a case of essential hypertension scheduled for
upper abdominal surgery (June 2005)
2.Discuss the anaesthetic management of a 60 year old patient for resection of
carcinoma sigmoid colon with history of MI sustained 10 weeks ago(June 1995).
3. Preoperative evaluation and preparation and anaesthesia management of a
known case of bronchial asthma posted for radical mastectomy (June 1995).
4. Describe the anaesthetic management and postoperative care in a patient
with uncontrolled hypertension (BP-180/120 mmHg) for emergency laparotomy
for perforated duodenal ulcer. (June1996).
5.A 45 years old man with uncontrolled DM and HTN is admitted with upper
intestinal obstruction for emergency laparotomy.Discuss the preoperative
evaluation, preparation and anaesthetic management of the case(June 1998).[Pg
69-RACE 2008]
6. A patient of Coarctation of Aorta is scheduled for CS.Discuss the
preoperative preparation, anaesthetic management and post-operative care of
the patient (1996-2000).
7.Anaesthetic management of a patient with suspected Posterior Fossa Tumor
with BP 180/90 mmHg,HR-45/mt and signs of raised ICT(June 2004).
8. A patient for surgery for Fracture Neck of Femur, one year after CABG (Dec
2005).
9. Diabetic patient with Autonomic Neuropathy for Abdominal Hysterectomy
(June 2006)
10. Intraoperative management of 40 years old male with Hypertension and IHD
for right pyelolithotomy (June 2007).
11. Discuss the anaesthetic management of a 20 year old male with Achalasia
Cardia and Bronchial Asthma for laparoscopic Cardiomyotomy (June 2007).

12. A 70 year old hypertensive man with CAD is scheduled for TURP.Discuss the
anaesthetic management (Dec 2007).
13. A 40 year old man weighing 140 Kg has DM and HTN and is scheduled for
gastric banding. Discuss the anaesthetic management (Dec 2007).
14. Preop evaluation and preparation of 36 years old asthmatic female
scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy (June 2008).
.A 40 year old female with history of Bronchial Asthma is scheduled for
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.Describe preoperative preparation and
anaesthetic management (June 2013).
15. Discuss anaesthetic management of 70 years old hypertensive with CAD
scheduled for TURP (June 2009).
16. A 35 year old hypertensive patient with chronic cholecystitis is scheduled
for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Outline the pre-operative evaluation,
preparation and anaesthetic management of this patient (June 2010).
17.Discuss the preoperative evaluation and anaesthetic management of a 45
year old male with history of MI 3 months back and is scheduled to undergo
exploratory laparotomy(June 2011).
18. Discuss the preoperative evaluation and anaesthetic management of 70 year
old hypertensive patient for total laryngectomy (June 2012).
19. Discuss preoperative evaluation of a patient with OSA scheduled for
Laparotomy.Briefly outline preoperative preparation and anaesthetic
management (June 2013).
20. Classify Cardiomyopathy.Briefly describes the anaesthetic management of a
patient with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy scheduled for TAH (June 2013).