Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Penunjang
Blok
Kedokteran Komunitas:
Sistem
Ari
Kesehatan
Probandari
Bagian Ilmu
Kesehatan
Masyarakat,
Fakultas
Kedokteran, Universitas
Sebelas
Maret, Surakarta
Tujuan Pembelajaran
Mahasiswa mampu
menjelaskan
pengerCan sistem kesehatan
dan
kaitannya
dalam mencapai
status kesehatan
masyarakat.
Sistem
GastrointesCnal
33
Apakah
sistem?
Apa
elemennya?
Apa
fungsinya?
Apakah sistem
kesehatan?
Health systems =
health(care) systems =
health(service)
systems
Apakah sistem
kesehatan?
WHO
[1996]:
Health system
ac;vi;es
whose
is
defined
as
primary
purpose
all
is
to
promote, restore
or
maintain health.
Formal
Health services, including the
professional delivery
of
personal medical
a2en;on, are clearly within these
boundaries. So
are ac;ons by
tradi;onal
healers,
and all
use of
medica;on,
whether
prescribed
by
provider
or
no, such
tradi;onal public health ac;vi;es
as
health promo;on
and disease
preven;on,
and other
health enhancing
interven;on
like road
and
environmental safety improvement,
specific
health-related educa;on,
are also
part
of
the system
.
Governance
Medicines
and
Technology
InformaCon
People
Human
Resources
Financing
Service
Delivery
Sistem Kesehatan
Stewardship:
1 . Leadership and governance
Responsiveness (responding
to peoples expectation)
Creating resources
( invesment and
training):
3 . Health workforce
4 . Medical technologies
Financing
2 . Health Financing
Improved health
of population
( level and
equity)
Delivering services:
.5 Service provision
.6 Health
informaCon
Providing financial
protection againts the cost of
ill-health
(WHO)
Health of
PopulaCon
(Level and
Equity)
Apakah ukuran
populasi?
Cngkat kesehatan
Mortalitas
Morbiditas
Apa
itu
health
Apa
ukurannya?
Equity = jusCce
health
equity
is
or
goal
that
equity?
the
principle
moCvates efforts
to eliminate dispariCes
in
health between
groups of
people
who
are
economically
or
socially worse-off and
their
be]er-off
counterparts
such as
different racial/ ethnic
or
socioeconomic
groups or groups
defined
by disability
status
or
gender
idenCty by making
special
efforts
to improve
the
health
of those
who
are
economically or socially
disadvantaged
Braveman.
does
a
What is health
equity:
life-course
approach take
and
us
how
further
toward it?
366-72.
Matern
Child
Health
2014;
18(2):
h]p://www.communityview.ca/
infographic_SHR_health_equity_2014.html
h]p://www.unicef.org/indonesia/A5-
_E_Issue_Brief_Maternal_REV.pdf
h]p://www.unicef.org/indonesia/A5-_E_Issue_Brief_Maternal_REV.pdf
gapminder
Apakah
sistem
kesehatan
nasional?
Sistem Kesehatan
Nasional
(SKN
)
adalah
bentuk dan
cara
penyelenggaraan
pembangunan kesehatan
yang
memadukan
berbagai
upaya bangsa
Indonesia dalam satu derap
langkah guna
menjamin
Apakah
elemen
dalam
sistem kesehatan nasional?
Upaya
kesehatan
Pembiayaan kesehatan
Sumber daya
manusia
Sediaan farmasi,
alat
kesehatan,
dan makanan
Manajemen dan informasi
kesehatan
Pemberdayaan
masyarakat
Upaya
(1)
Tingkatan
Upaya
Kesehatan
Perorangan
Kesehatan
Masyarakat
Tersier
Praktek dokter
sub-spesialis/ spesialis,
RS
Cpe
A, B
Cpe
Kesehatan
Provinsi,
Kementerian
Kesehatan
Dinas
Kesehatan
Kabupaten,
Kota
Puskesmas,
Fasilitas lainnya
(swasta)
Sekunder
Rumah
C
Primer
(kontak
pertama)
Fasilitas kesehatan
perorangan,
Puskesmas, fasilitas
lainnya (pemerintah
dan swasta)
Pengobatan
(kuraCf)
dan
Perbaikan
lingkungan,
rehabilitaCf,
peningkatan kesehatan,
pencegahan/promosi
pencegahan
penyakit
dan
healthy
life
style
kemaCan
serta paliaCf
Upaya
sakit
Dinas
Kesehatan
(2)
Tingkatan
Kesehatan
Upaya
Perorangan
Tersier
Praktek dokter
Kesehatan
Provinsi,
spesialis,
RS Cpe
Kementerian
A, B
Sekunder
Cpe
Rumah
sakit
Masyarakat
sub-spesialis/
Dinas
Kesehatan
Dinas
Kabupaten,
Kesehatan
Kota
Primer
(kontak
Fasilitas
kesehatan
Puskesmas,
pertama)
perorangan,
Puskesmas,
Fasilitas
lainnya
(swasta)
fasilitas
lainnya
(pemerintah
dan
swasta)
RUJUKAN
dan
kasus,
ilmu
RUJUKAN
BALIK:
RUJUKAN
KESEHATAN dan
spesimen,
Fasilitasi
sarana,
pengetahuan
teknologi,
SDM
Pembiayaan
Kesehatan
Sumber dana:
pajak, hibah,
sumber lain
(termasuk dana
masyarakat)
Alokasi: Jamkesmas,
Jamkesda,
Jampersal,
asuransi berbasis
masyarakat
Sumber Daya
Kesehatan
Manusia
Jenis
tenaga kesehatan
Jenjang pendidikan,
kompetensi,
kurikulum
Pengadaan
SDM kesehatan
Distribusi SDM kesehatan
Pembinaan
dan pengawasan
SDM
kesehatan
Sediaan Farmasi,
Kesehatan,
dan
Makanan
Alat
Manajemen
Kesehatan
dan
Informasi
Kebijakan kesehatan
(pedoman,
aturan)
Administrasi kesehatan
(perencanaan, pelaksanaan,
pengendalian
dan pengawasan
kegiatan/program
kesehatan)
Hukum
kesehatan
(peraturan
UU bidang kesehatan)
Pengelolaan data dan informasi
kesehatan (data
dan
pengolahan data untuk
pembuatan
keputusan)
Sistem Kesehatan
Stewardship:
1 . Leadership and governance
Responsiveness (responding
to peoples expectation)
Creating resources
( invesment and
training):
3 . Health workforce
4 . Medical technologies
Financing
2 . Health Financing
Delivering services:
UNIVERSAL
.5 Service provision
HEALTH
.6 Health
COVERAGE
informaCon
Improved health
of population
( level and
equity)
Providing financial
protection againts the cost of
ill-health
Universal Health
Coverage
Universal health coverage (UHC)
means that all people receive
the
health services
they need
without suffering financial
hardship
when
paying
for
them.
The
full
spectrum
of essenCal,
quality health
services should be covered
including
Universal Health
Coverage
Universal
coverage is firmly
based on the
1948
WHO
ConsCtuCon, which
declares health a
fundamental
human
right and commits to
ensuring
a]ainable
the
highest
level of health
for
all.
h]ps://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=ozcRK688GMs&list=UU07-
dOwgza1IguKA86jqxNA&index=88
Kesimpulan
Tingkat
dan
keadilan
kesehatan
merupakan
pengejawantahan
cita-cita bangsa sejahtera
Referensi
Memahami
h]p://
sistem
kesehatan.
www.kebijakankesehatanindonesia.ne
t/
component/content/arCcle/597-
memahami-sistem-kesehatan.html
Depkes RI.
2009.
SisCm
Kesehatan Nasional.
www.depkes.go.id/downloads/SKN
%20final.pdf