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4 Design and Implementation of Microcontroller PDF
4 Design and Implementation of Microcontroller PDF
Abstract - Power factor correction (PFC) is a technique of counteracting the undesirable effects
of electric loads that create a power factor that is less than one. Power factor correction may be
applied either by an electrical power transmission utility to improve the stability and efficiency of
the transmission network or correction may be installed by individual electrical customers to
reduce the costs charged to them by their electricity supplier. Many control methods for the
Power Factor Correction (PFC) have been proposed. This work describes the design and
development of a power factor corrector using PIC (Programmable Interface Controller)
microcontroller chip. Measuring of power factor from load is achieved by using PIC
Microcontroller-based developed algorithm to determine and trigger sufficient switching of
capacitors in order to compensate demand of excessive reactive power locally, thus bringing
power factor near to unity.
Keywords : power factor correction, zero cross detection (ZCD), microcontroller, capacitor bank,
inductive load.
GJRE-F Classification : FOR Code: 090607, 090699
Design and Implementation of Microcontroller-Based Controlling of Power Factor Using Capacitor Banks with Load Monitoring
Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of :
2013. Murad Ali. This is a research/review paper, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons AttributionNoncommercial 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), permitting all non commercial use,
distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Introduction
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Murad Ali
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Current Transformer
L
AC Input
220V/
50Hz
Potential Transformer
Capacitor
Banks
Load
N
Bridge
Rectifier
(1)
Bridge
Rectifier
(V)
Vs
(ZCD I)
Synchronizing
Circuit
(ZCD V)
PIC Microcontroller
(18F452)
Switching
Circuit
LCD 20x4
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Start
Initializing of
System
Measure
Vrms and Irms
Display line
current
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N
Zero cross
detection of
voltage
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Zero cross
detection of
current
(ZC V) &
(ZC I) =1
Measure angle
b/w V and I
through c
algorithm
If angle b/w
V & I=0
C=0
P.F=0.9
Load current (I)
N
Calculate desired
value of C by c
algorithm to set
power factor = 0.9
lagging
Display corrected
C, P.F and Load
current (I)
Go to 1
P = I rmsVrms cos
VAR1 =P tan
(4)
I required =
(3)
(2)
VAR2 =P tan 1
(1)
VAR
Vrms
(5)
XC =
(6)
I required
C=
IV.
Vrms
1
2 f X C
(7)
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inductive load
The zero-crossing detection of V and I signals
for 0.5hp induction motor is shown in Fig 16.
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Conclusions
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