Assignment

Of

Critical Thinking & Logic

Submitted To:
Maam Sadia Shoukat
Submitted From:
Ali Mohsin
Roll No: 11
Bs (Commerce) Eve
6Th Semester
Department Of Commerce
Bahauddin Zakariya University
Multan
Critical Thinking:

Critical thinking is a general term that covers all thinking processes

that strive to get below the surface of something: questioning, analyzing,
testing and exploring. It is not a negative term as such, although it can
sound it. Critical thinking requires detective-like skills of persistence to
examine and re-examine an argument, in order to take in all the angles and
weigh up evidence on every side. To think critically is never to take
something on face value but to question and think independently about an
issue, however authoritative a writer or thinker may be.
Examples:

An educator using clever questioning to guide a student to new

insights.
A manager trying to be as objective as possible when settling a
dispute by summarizing the alternatives, with fairness to all sides
to a disagreement.
A person running a small business trying to anticipate the
possible economic and human consequences of various ways to
increase sales or reduce costs.

Logical Thinking:
Logical thinking is to think on the basis of knowledge, what we know, and
certainties, what we can prove. Logical thinking comes into its own when we are
working with verifiable and reasonably certain information. This is information
we can be sure about because it has been confirmed scientifically. Using
scientific information allows us to develop our knowledge by making logical
deductions. It is the kind of thinking used in playing games of chess, (where
there are quite definite rules) and solving puzzles for which there is an answer.
Logical thinking uses 5 steps:
1. A clear goal or solution: Working towards clear goals is often described by the
prompt SMART. These are goals which are Specific, Measurable, Achievable,
Realistic and Time-bounded.
2. Systematic planning: Systematic planning is the second step in the SMART
process towards a goal. We know the what? because we have defined a clear
goal; systematic planning tells us the how? to get us there. Systematic

planning aims to find the correct method, the correct procedure, the correct
system that can logically take us to our goal.
3. Using information: The remaining steps in the SMART process involve using
our left-sided brains to work towards our goals. Information is key to this
process. We need to group it, organize it, rank it, fit it into the bigger picture,
and make connections with it.
4. Reasoning.
5. Checking conclusions.

Difference between Logical & Critical Thinking:

Critical is seeing things from YOUR VIEW POINT only whereas logical is
seeing things without any presuppose mental approach, but with rational
approach of giving room for all relevant things with absolute rationality.
Lay Man Thinking:

No Purpose
No Knowledge
No Planning
Without Evaluation Decision Making
Bounded Rational Decision Making

Critical Thinking Man:

Have definite Purpose

Sufficient Knowledge about problem
Evaluate his decision time to time
Take rational decision.