A

PROJECT ON
Airline Reservation
A dissertation submitted at Vishweshwariah
Technological University for fulfilling the
requirement for the examination of DBMS LAB

By
RUPINDER SINGH
RASANDEEP SINGH

(3GN00CS048)
(3GN00CS046)

GURUNANAKDEVENGINEERINGCOLLEGE
MailoorRoad,Bidar585403.
DepartmentofComputerScienceandEngineering

CERTIFICATE

Certifiedthattheprojectworkentitled AIRLINERESERVATION

isabonafied
workcarriedoutby
1. RUPINDER SINGH

(3GN00CS048)

2. RASANDEEP SINGH

(3GN00CS046)

In partial fulfillment for the award of degree of Bachelor of

Engineering in Computer Science and Engineering of the
Visveswaraiah
academic

Technological

year

University,

2002-2003.

corrections/suggestions

It

is

indicated

Belgaum
certified

for

during
that

Internal

all

the
the

Assessment

have been incorporated in the Report deposited in the

department library. The project report has been approved as it
satisfies the academic requirement in the respect of Project
work prescribed for the Bachelor of engineering Degree.

Signature of the Guide

the Principal
External Viva
Name of the Examiners
1.

Signature of the HOD

Signature of

Signature with date

2.

PREFACE
We take pleasure and pride in presenting before you much
worked out project featuring the computers governing the latest
technique in fields.
We summit our thanks to our teacher Mr. Arvind, for giving us
the opportunity to emerge as professionals in the field of
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING. We extend our
gratitude to our lecturer Mr. Rajshekhar for supporting us in due
course. The major part of appreciation goes to our respected
LECTURERS who have always been imparting all the knowledge
required. We would further like to thank our Lab assistants Mr.
Manik Rao Mulge for their cooperation on this project.
We summit part of our efforts to our colleagues who really
assisted in conducting the final points of this project.
With due pleasure, we submit our piece our labor in front of you.
We are sure, it will be esteemed in very deserving manner.
PROJECT MADE BY:
RASANDEEP SINGH
&

RUPINDER SINGH

CONTENTS

Introduction to PC/AT

Introduction to Visual Basic

Existing System

Proposed System

Entity Relationship
Diagrams

ER-Schema/Relational

Normalization

Tables

Form Screens

O/P of reports generated

INTRODUCTION TO PC/AT
PT/AT, PC/AT DX486 system is a 32bit microprocessor based
system with 8 MB of main memory. Its operating speed is
100MHZ. It is a single user system is MS WINDOWS 9x or Later.
This operating system of the PC/AT DX486 makes it perfectly PC
compatible, so all the software run on it.
MAIN COMPONENTS:
The main components of the system are:
1.

Central processing unit (CPU)

2.

Console unit (VDU & Keyboard)

3.

A Winchester type hard disk and one floppy drive

4.

Main memory (RAM, ROM)

5.

Printer

Console unit:

The console unit consists of Visual Display Unit (VDU) for

display and a keyboard. It is, therefore, both an input as output
medium. In the normal mode of operation the character keyed in
are echoed on the screen immediately. The VDU support both
upper and lower cases alphabets. PC/AT DX486 has a 14
monochrome monitor with SVGA card (1 MB VRAM).

Hard disk:
The system have Winchester type hard disk with 640 MB of
the storage capacity it is divided into 1001 cylinder, 34 sectors
and 15 Heads.
Floppy Drive:
It as got one floppy drive 1.44 MB FDD uses 31/2 inches
floppy.
Memory:
PC/AT DX486 consists of a microprocessor 80486 Intel
with 8 MB of RAM. The system software & the user share this
memory.
The system area comprises of MSDOS/MS Windows 9x or later
operating system and any software that is called into it. The area
is made of program & data area. The system also process ROM
(Read Only Memory).
Central Processing Unit:
PC/AT DX486 uses a processor of 80486 Intel with. CPU
speed of 100 MHz. CPU is the nerve center of any digital

computer since it co-ordinates and controls the activities of all

the other units and performs all the arithmetic and logical
processes to be applied to data. All program instructions to be
executed must be held within the CPU, and all data to be
processed must be loaded in its unit. It is convened to consider
the central processor as the three separate hardware section:I

Memory

II

Arithmetic Unit
III And control section

INTRODUCTION TO VISUAL BASIC

Visual Basic is the powerful programming tools used to
develop Windows Based Applications. Visual Basic is the
fastest and easiest way to create applications for Windows.
Visual Basic provides you with a complete set of tools to
simplify rapid application development.
The "Visual" part refers to the method used to create the
graphical user interface (GUI). Rather than writing numerous
lines of code to describe the appearance and location of
interface elements, you simply add prebuilt objects into place
on screen. You can also create your own object by using the
prebuilt objects provided by Visual Basic.
The "Basic" part refers to the BASIC (Beginners AllPurpose Symbolic Instruction Code) language, a language
used by more programmers than any other language in the
history of computing. Visual Basic has evolved from the original
BASIC language and now contains several hundred
statements, functions, and keywords, many of which relate
directly to the Windows GUI. Beginners can create useful
applications by learning just a few of the keywords, yet the
power of the language allows professionals to accomplish
anything that can be accomplished using any other Windows
programming language.
The Visual Basic programming language is not unique to
Visual Basic. The Visual Basic programming system,
Applications Edition included in Microsoft Excel, Microsoft
Access, and many other Windows applications uses the same
language. The Visual Basic Scripting Edition (VBScript) is a
widely used scripting language and a subset of the Visual Basic
language.
FEATURES OF VISUAL BASIC
Visual Basic has the following features:

 Data access features allow you to create databases, front-end

applications, and scalable server-side components for most
popular database formats, including Microsoft SQL Server and
other enterprise-level databases.
ActiveX technologies allow you to use the functionality provided
by other applications, such as Microsoft Word Processor,
Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, and other Windows applications.
You can even automate applications and objects created using
the Professional or Enterprise editions of Visual Basic.
Internet capabilities make it easy to provide access to
documents and applications across the Internet or intranet from
within your application, or to create Internet server applications.
Your finished application is a true .exe file that uses a Visual
Basic Virtual Machine that you can freely distribute.

VISUAL BASIC EDITIONS

There are three editions of Visual Basic:
1.
2.

Learning Edition
The Visual Basic Learning edition allows programmers to
easily create powerful applications for Windows. It includes all
intrinsic controls, plus grid, tab, and data-bound controls, which
you need to build mainstream Windows Applications..

3.

Professional Edition
The Professional edition provides computer professionals
with a full-featured set of tools for developing solutions for
others. It includes all the features of the Learning edition, plus
additional ActiveX controls, the Internet Information Server
Application Designer, Integrated Visual Database Tools and

Data Environment, Active Data Objects, and the Dynamic

HTML Page Designer.

3. Enterprise Edition
The Enterprise edition is the most advanced edition that
allows professionals to create robust distributed applications. It
includes all the features of the Professional edition, plus Back
Office tools such as SQL Server, Microsoft Transaction Server,
Internet Information Server, Visual SourceSafe, SNA Server,
and more.
EVENT DRIVEN MODEL
In traditional or "procedural" applications, the application
itself controls which portions of code to execute and in what
sequence. Execution starts with the first line of code and
follows a predefined path through the application, calling
procedures as needed.
In an event-driven application, the code doesn't follow a
predetermined path - it executes different code sections in
response to events. Events can be triggered by the user's
actions, by messages from the system or other applications, or
even from the application itself. The sequence of these events
determines the sequence in which the code executes, thus the
path through the application's code differs each time the
program runs.
Because you can't predict the sequence of events, your
code must make certain assumptions about the "state of the
world" when it executes. When you make assumptions, you
should structure your application in such a way as to make sure
that the assumption will always be valid.

INTERACTIVE DEVELOPMENT
The traditional application development process can be
broken into three distinct steps: writing, compiling, and testing

code. Unlike traditional languages, Visual Basic uses an

interactive approach to development, blurring the distinction
between the three steps.
With most languages, if you make a mistake in writing
your code, the compiler catches the error when you start to
compile your application. You must then find and fix the error
and begin the compile cycle again, repeating the process for
each error found. Visual Basic interprets your code as you enter
it, catching and highlighting most syntax or spelling errors on
the fly.
In addition to catching errors on the fly, Visual Basic also
partially compiles the code as it is entered. When you are ready
to run and test your application, there is only a brief delay to
finish compiling. If the compiler finds an error, it is highlighted in
your code. You can fix the error and continue compiling without
having to start over.

INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT

The working environment in Visual Basic is often referred
to as the integrated development environment or IDE because
it integrates many different functions such as design, editing,
compiling, and debugging within a common environment. In
most traditional development tools, each of these functions
would operate as a separate program, each with its own
interface.
The Visual Basic IDE consists of the following projects:
1.
Standard EXE: A Standard EXE project is typical and
commonly used project type. This project contains a form by
default. Use this project template to develop a stand-alone
application.
2.
Data Project:
A Data Project is a standard EXE project
that, in addition to a form, contains a Data Environment object
and a Data Report object by default. Use this project template
to develop an application that reads or manipulates data from a
data source.

3.
ActiveX EXE/ActiveX DLL: These types of projects are
available with Professional Edition. These projects contain a
class module by default. Use this project templates to develop
COM Components that expose functionality to other
application.
4.
ActiveX Control:
This type of project is also a
feature of the Professional Edition. It contains a User Control
object by default. Use this project template to create a
component designed to be a user interface element in a form or
dialog box.
5.

ActiveX Document EXE/ ActiveX Document DLL:

These contain a user document object by default. Use
these project template to create components designed for use
in a document object container, such as Internet Explorer.
6.
DHTML Application: It contains a DHTML Page object
and a class module by default. Use this project template to
create a component that can be used on the client side of a
Web application.
7.
IIS Application: It contains Web Class object by default.
Use this project template to create a component that can be
used on the server side of a Web Application.
8.
VB Application Wizard, VB Wizard Manager:
The
Application Wizard provides a series of steps for setting up the
skeleton of a new application and the Wizard Manager lets you
build your own Wizard. A Wizard is a sequence of windows that
collect information from the user. After the user fills out all the
windows, the Wizard proceeds to build an application, install
software, or carry out an automated operation for the end user.
9.
AddIn:
It allows you to create your own add-Ins for
the Visual Basic IDE. Add-ins are special commands that you
can add to Visual Basics menu.
10. VB Enterprise Edition Controls: This is not a new type
of project but it simply creates a new Standard EXE project and
loads all the tools of the Enterprise Edition of Visual Basic.

Existing system
Before beginning the new system the existing system need to
be understand. In order to gain working or airlines system this will
follow the entire process of booking a flight, registering and logging
on to the ticketing system, reserving a flight, and receiving
confirmation that the flight was reserved.
While studying the existing system many problems were found
like the present system of maintaining airlines records were purely
manual. All the information and records regarding dealings were
stored in registers. Thus piles of registers and paper work were to be
maintained. Also there was redundancy of data. This makes all the
operations very complicated and more prone to errors. Moreover in
such a system retrieving information was very time-consuming
process. So there was a dire need of computer system for efficient
functioning of the system.

Drawbacks In The Existing System

Due to large volume of data a lot of complexities are involved
in maintaining, updating and retrieving selective information. Since
old system is totally maintained manually some of the complexities
involved in existing system are as follows:
Redundancy:If the existing system all data is maintained in different files
and registers. This often leads to considerable duplication of data
and redundancy.
Inconsistency:If the staff of the organization is not vigilant about the entry of
the same data in different registers, the entry of the same data may
not match. Obviously, the inconsistent state of the system is not
capable of supplying concrete information.
Problem of data updations:In the existing system since everything is stored in registers
and files. It is very difficult and time consuming to update data.
Retrieving information:Retrieval of information is quite time consuming process
because of large volume of data. If it is required to locate a particular
record a large number of registers have to be scanned.
Storage problem:As the data is voluminous, more space is required to store it.
Also everything is stored on papers. So this type of storage is more
prone to damage with time and also due to other accidental factors.

Proposed system
Menu Driven:The proposed system consists of various menus through
which we can choose required option, the menu are self-explanatory.
Online validations:All fields values, which have reference table, are across
refrained and validations online. Therefore the possibility of entering
the wrong code is completely eliminated.
User Friendly:It would take less time to get familiar with package, as it is
very much according to users requirements.
Command buttons:All the operations in the screen are accomplished by using
command buttons, which are peculiar environment. These buttons
have the appearance of VCR buttons with relevant command
inscribed in the buttons eg. ADD, MODIFY, VIEW, DELETE, EXIT etc.
these buttons accomplish the task, which their name suggests.
The proposed database system consists of seven database
files,in which complete data is stored. The screens are developed in
such a way that data is stored in correct form.the validations are
provided at each stage, so that wrong data is not fed into the
computer. The reports and queries are built in such a manner so that
it does not take time to generate and print them on a paper or screen
i.e. reports and queries are very fast to retrieve the results.
In proposed system space is efficiently used because of
efficient use storage media.

The system gives online help e.g. if we leave field blank the
cursor will not move ahead.if name is not entered a message
Name should not be blank is flashed on the screen.

The computerization of this system does not allow any

manipulation of data.

Objectives Of The Proposed System

Following are the objectives, which have been kept in mind after
analyzing the existing and before preparing the outline of the
proposed system: Facility to input all data efficiently and accurately.(To add new
records)
Facility to update data from time to time.(To modify and delete
records)
To prepare detailed informative records.(To generate reports)
To retrieve information without wasting much time.(To make
queries)

Features Of The proposed System

Following are some of the main features of the proposed
system for the airways system:

Menu driven and user friendly.

Data protection through password.

Time and retrieval efficient.

Effective linkage of information.

In-built validation, checks to ensure accuracy of data.

Informative reports.

Elimination of paper works to a great extent.

Backup procedure.

Totalnoofse
ats
Plan
e

Flig
htid

Econom
y

Busines
s

Departure
_time

Distan
ce

Availables
eates

Executi
ve

FLIGHT
DETAILS

Arrival_tim
e

TIME

FLIGHTS

Reserva
tion_id

VARIOU
S

ROUTE
S

ROUTES

Ticket
no

RESERVATION

LOCATIONS

CUSTOMERNAME

ROUTESINFO

CUSTOMERADDRES

USERLOG

USERDATA

1
N

DATA DICTIONARY
In data dictionary we describe all tables used in this
application and all fields used in this tables, their types and
descriptions of fields.

CUSTOMER ADDRESS
Field list

Data-type

Size

Reservation-ID
Address1
Address2
City
State
Pin
Phone
E-mail

Number
Varchar2
Varchar2
Varchar2
Varchar2
Number
Varchar2
Varchar2

Long Integer
50
50
50
50
50

50
50

Description
Reservation ID of Tickets
Address of Customer
Address of Customer
City of Customer
State of Customer
Pin Code of Customer
Contact No. of Customer
E-mail ID of Customer

Customer Names
Field list

Data type

Size

Description

Reservation-ID
First-name
Last-name
Sex
Age
SeatNo

Number
Char
Char
Char
Number
Number

Long Integer
50
50
07
Long Integer
Long Integer

Reservation ID of Tickets
First Name of Customer
Last Name of Customer
Gender of Customer
Age of Customer
Seat No in Flight

FLIGHTS
Field List

Data Type

Size

Description

Flight ID
Route No
Economy
Business

Varchar2
Varchar2
Varchar2
Varchar2

50
20
08
08

Used to refer the Flights

Route of Flights
Rate of Economy Class
Rate of Business Class

First
Departure_Time
Arrival_Time
Plane
Total_no_of_seat
s
AvailableSeates

Varchar2
Varchar2
Varchar2
Text
Number

Distance

Number

Number

08
08
08
50
Long
Integer
Long
Integer
Long
Integer

Rate of First Class

Dep. Time of Flight
Arr. Time of Flight
Total No. of seats
No. of seats available
Dist. to be covered

LOCATIONS
Field List

Data Type

Size

Description

Locationid
Location_Name

Number
Varchar2

Long Integer
50

Location ID
Name of the Location

RESERVATIONS
Field List

Data Type

Size

Description

Reservation_ID

Number

Reservation ID

Ticket No

Number

Flight_Id

Varchar2

Long
Integer
Long
Integer
50

Origin
Destination
NoOfPassengers

Char
Char
Number

Class
Total_Cost

Char
Number

DateofJourney

Varchar2

50
50
Long
Integer
50
Long
Integer
08

No. of the Ticket

Refers to Field FlightID in
Flights table
Starting Point of the Flight
Destination of the Flight
Total No. of passengers
Type of Class(E/B/F)
Total Price of the Tickets
Date of Journey

Validation Checks:

Reservation ID cannot be blank and has to be unique in the table

because its a Primary key.

Flight ID refers to the field Flight ID in the table Flights

ROUTES
Field List

Data Type

Size

Description

Route No
Origin
Destination

Varchar2
Char
Char

20
50
50

Route No
Starting Point of Flight
Destination of Flight

Validation Check:

Route No. is Primary Key. It should not be empty and should be

unique in the table.

Origin and Destination Field should not be empty.

ROUTESINFO
Field List

Data Type

Size

Description

RouteNo
LocationId

Varchar2
Number

20
Long Integer

Route of Flights
Location of Route Specified

USERDATA
Field List

Data Type

Size

Description

UserName
FullName
Designation
Password
Userlevel
Status

Char
Char
Char
Char
Char
Char

50
50
50
30
15

User Login Name

Full Name of User
Designation of User
Password of User
Level to Use the Software
Status of User

Validation Checks:

User Name is Primary key. It should not be blank and should not be
empty in the table.

USERLEVEL
Field List

Data Type

Size

Description

UserLevel

Varchar2

50

Level to Use the Software

USERLOG
Field List

Data Type

Size

Description

LoginDate
LoginTime
Fullname
LogoutDate
LogoutTime
UserName
Pid
Status

Varchar2
Varchar2
Char
Varchar2
Varchar2
Char
Number
Char

08
08
50
08
08
30
Long Integer
30

Login Date of the User

Login time of the User
Full Name of the User
Logout Date of the User
Logout Time of the User
Name of the User
Password ID Number
Status of User