Topics in Advanced Wireless Communications

Aydin Sezgin
Universität Ulm, TAIT
May 20, 2009

Wireless networks are an important part of everyday life and have numerous applications
in different areas. The number of mobile devices now exceeds by far the number of landline
phones. Especially in emerging markets such as China and India and also in the developing
world, the success of wireless networks is remarkable due to the reduced efforts in the deployment
in comparison to wired networks. Furthermore, during the last two decades we observe an ever
increasing demand for higher rates and reliability. New wireless standards such as WiMAX and
LTE are already being tested successfully in different parts of the world. Many standards are
still subject of performance investigations, while being improved and extended in various ways.
It is thus very important to know the fundamental limits of wireless networks and also how to
achieve them in practise to meet the rising expectations of consumers. In this lecture, we will
discuss several important aspects and properties of wireless networks such as

• Capacity
• Fading

• Antennas
• Tradeoffs
• Power allocation
• Interference

• Scheduling
All the above mentioned items are of high importance for current wireless networks and also
useful in developing new techniques and algorithms for future wireless networks.

The course is taught from a signal processing and communication theory perspective with oc-
casional deviation to information theory. Fundamentals as well as several advanced topics are
covered.

1 Prerequisite
• Either basic knowledge of linear algebra, wireless communication, information theory and
coding
• Or advanced knowledge of linear and bilinear/biaffine algebra

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2 Course overview
1. Course Information s
2. AWGN Capacity Basics sa
3. Wideband regime, high SNR regime a
4. Capacity of Fading Channels aa
5. MIMO Channels a
a
6. Diversity-Multiplexing-Tradeoff

7. Fading Channels without CSIR aa a

8. AWGN MAC & BC Capacity, Duality aa
9. Optimal Power Allocation for Parallel/Fading MAC & BC aa
10. MIMO MAC a
11. Dirty Paper Coding a
12. MIMO BC aa
13. Opportunistic Communication a
14. Interference Channel aa
15. Interference Alignment a
16. Max-Weight Scheduling a
17. Network Coding/2-Way Relaying a
Remarks: Each solid circle means full lecture, while a half circle means that only part of the
lecture will be spend on this topic.

3 Goal of the course

The students have a very good knowledge of the hottest topics in wireless communications and
are able to extend and improve results in various directions resulting in conference and journal
publications.

4 Further reading
AWGN Capacity Basics
• D. Forney and G. Ungerboeck, ”Modulation and coding for linear Gaussian channels”,
IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, Oct. 1998.

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Wideband regime, high SNR regime
• S. Verdu, ”Spectral efficiency in the wideband regime”, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, June
2002.
• A. Lozano, A. Tulino, and S. Verdu, ”High-SNR power offset in multiantenna communca-
tion”, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, Dec. 2005
• A. Lozano, A. Tulino, and S. Verdu, ”Multiple-antenna capacity in the low-power regime”,
IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, Oct. 2003
• J. Lee and N. Jindal, High SNR Analysis for MIMO Broadcast Channels: Dirty Paper
Coding vs. Linear Precoding, IEEE Trans. Information Theory, Vol. 53, No. 12, pp.
4787-4792, Dec. 2007.

Capacity of Fading Channels

4a A. Goldsmith, ”Wireless Communication”, Ch. 4
4a D. Tse and P. Viswanath, ”Fundamentals of Wireless Communication”, Ch. 5
4a G. Caire and K. Kumar, ”Information theoretic foundations of adaptive coded modulation”,
Proc. IEEE, Dec. 2007

Fading Channels without CSIR

• M. Medard, ”The effect upon channel capacity in wireless communications of perfect and
imperfect knowledge of the channel”, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, May 2000

• B. Hassibi and B. Hochwald, ”How much training is needed in multiple-antenna wireless

links?”, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, April 2003

• T. Marzetta and B. Hochwald, ”Capacity of a mobile multiple-antenna communication link

in Rayleigh flat fading”, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, Jan. 1999.

• A. Lapidoth, ”On the asymptotic capacity of stationary Gaussian fading channels”, IEEE
Trans. Inform. Theory, Feb. 2005.

MIMO
5a G. J. Foschini and M. J. Gans, ”On limits of wireless communications in a fading envi-
ronment when using multiple antennas,” Wireless Personal Commun.: Kluwer Academic
Press, no. 6, pp. 311-335, 1998.
5a E. Telatar, ”Capacity of multi-antenna Gaussian channels,” Eur. Trans. Telecomm. ETT,
Nov. 1999.
5a A. Goldsmith, S.A. Jafar, N. Jindal, and S. Vishwanath, ”Capacity Limits of MIMO Chan-
nels,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, June 2003.

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Diversity-Multiplexing Tradeoff
• L. Zheng and D. Tse, “Diversity and Multiplexing: A Fundamental Tradeoff in Multiple
Antenna Channels”, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, vol. 49(5), May 2003.
• D. Tse, P. Viswanath and L. Zheng ”Diversity-Multiplexing Tradeoff in Multiple Access
Channels” , IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, vol. 50, no. 9, Sept. 2004, pp.
1859-74.
• H. El Gamal, G. Caire, and M. O. Damen, Lattice coding and decoding achieve the optimal
diversity-vs-multiplexing tradeoff of MIMO channels, IEEE Transactions on Information
Theory, June 2004.

AWGN MAC & BC Capacity, Duality

• T. Cover and J. Thomas, ”Elements of Information Theory”, Ch. 15 (2nd Edition).

• P. Bergmans, ”A simple converse for broadcast channels with additive white Gaussian
noise,” IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, March 1974.
• N. Jindal, S. Vishwanath, and A. Goldsmith, ”On the Duality of Gaussian Multiple-Access
and Broadcast Channels”, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, May 2004.

Optimal power allocation for Parallel/Fading MAC & BC

• R. Knopp and P. Humblet, ”Information capacity and power control in single-cell multiuser
communications,” Proc. of ICC, June 1995.
• D.N. Tse and S. Hanly, ”Multiaccess fading channels-Part I:Polymatroid structure, optimal
resource allocation and throughput capacities,” IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, Nov. 1998.
• A. El Gamal, ”Capacity of the product and sum of two unmatched broadcast channels, ”
Probl. Information Transmission, Jan-March 1980.
• D. Hughes-Hartog, ”The capacity of the degraded spectral Gaussian broadcast channel,”
PhD thesis, Stanford University, 1975.

• L. Li and A. Goldsmith, ”Capacity and optimal resource allocation for fading broadcast
channels - Part I: Ergodic capacity,” IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, March 2001.
• D.N.C. Tse, ”Optimal power allocation over parallel Gaussian broadcast channels,” un-
published, 1998.

MIMO MAC
• W. Yu, W. Rhee, S. Boyd, and J. Cioffi, ”Iterative water-filling for Gaussian vector multiple
access channels,” IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, Jan. 2004.
• A. Goldsmith, S.A. Jafar, N. Jindal, and S. Vishwanath, ”Capacity Limits of MIMO Chan-
nels,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, June 2003.

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Dirty-Paper Coding
• M. Costa, ”Writing on dirty paper,” IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, May 1983.
• S. I. Gelfand and M. S. Pinsker, ”Coding for channel with random parameters,” Problem
of Control and Information Theory, vol. 9, no. I, 1980.
• K. Marton, ”A coding theorem for the discrete memoryless broadcast channel,” IEEE
Trans. Inform. Theory, May 1979.
• R. Zamir, S. Shamai, and U. Erez, ”Nested linear/lattice codes for structured multiterminal
binning”, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, June 2002.

MIMO BC
• G. Caire and S. Shamai, ”On the achievable throughput of a multiantenna Gaussian broad-
cast channel,” IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, July 2003.
• S. Vishwanath, N. Jindal, and A. Goldsmith, ”Duality, achievable rates, and sum-rate
capacity of MIMO broadcast channels,” IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, Oct. 2003.
• P. Viswanath and D. N. Tse, ”Sum capacity of the vector Gaussian broadcast channel and
uplink-downlink duality,” IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, Aug. 2003.
• W. Yu and J. Cioffi, ”Sum capacity of Gaussian vector broadcast channels,” IEEE Trans.
Inform. Theory, Sept. 2004.
• N. Jindal, W. Rhee, S. Vishwanath, S.A. Jafar, and A. Goldsmith, ”Sum Power Itera-
tive Water-filling for Multi-Antenna Gaussian Broadcast Channels,” IEEE Trans. Inform.
Theory, April 2005.

• H. Weingarten, Y. Steinberg, and S. Shamai, ”The Capacity Region of the Gaussian

Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Broadcast Channel,” IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, Sept.
2006.

Interference Channels
• A. Carleial, ”Interference Channels”, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, Jan. 1978.
• A. Carleial, ”A case where interference does not reduce capacity” IEEE Trans. Inform.
Theory, Sept. 1975.
• H. Sato, ”The capacity of the Gaussian interference channel under strong interference”,
IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, Nov. 1981.
• T. S. Han and K. Kobayashi, ”A New Achievable Rate Region for the Interference Channel”,
IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, Jan. 1981.
• A. Carleial, ”Outer bounds on the capacity of interference channels”, IEEE Trans. Inform.
Theory, Jul. 1983.
• R. Etkin, D. Tse, and H. Wang, ”Gaussian Interference Channel Capacity to Within One
Bit”, arXiv:cs/0702045, 2007.

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 • X. Shang, G. Kramer, and B. Chen, ”A New Outer Bound and the Noisy-Interference
Sum-Rate Capacity for Gaussian Interference Channels”, arXiv:0712.1987, 2007.

• V. Annapureddy and V. Veeravalli, ”Sum Capacity of the Gaussian Interference Channel

in the Low Interference Regime”, arXiv:0801.0452, 2008.

• A. Motahari and A. Khandani, ”Capacity Bounds for the Gaussian Interference Channel”,
arXiv:0801.1306, 2007.

Interference Alignment
• M. Maddah-Ali, A. Motahari, and A. Khandani, ”Communication over MIMO X Channels:
Signaling and Performance Analysis”, To appear: IEEE Trans. Information Theory, 2008.

• V. Cadambe and S. A. Jafar, ”Interference Alignment and the Degrees of Freedom for the
K User Interference Channel”, arXiv:0707.0323.
• V. Cadambe and S. A. Jafar, ”Multiple Access Outerbounds and the Inseparability of
Parallel Interference Channels”, arXiv:0802.2125.
• K. Gomadam, V. Cadambe and S. A. Jafar, ”Approaching the Capacity of Wireless Net-
works through Distributed Interference Alignment”, arXiv:0803.3816.

Max-Weight Scheduling
• L. Tassiulas and A. Ephremides, ” Dynamic server allocation to parallel queues with ran-
domly varying connectivity”, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, March 1993.

• M. J. Neely, E. Modiano, and C. Rohrs, ” Power allocation and routing in multibeam

satellites with time-varying channels”, IEEE/ACM Trans. Networking, Feb. 2003.

• L. Georgiadis, M. J. Neely, L. Tassiulas, ”Resource Allocation and Cross-Layer Control in

Wireless Networks,” Foundations and Trends in Networking, Vol. 1, no. 1, 2006.

Network Coding/2-Way Relaying

• J. Korner and K. Marton, ”How to encode the modulo-two sum of binary sources”, IEEE
Tran. Info. Theory, March 1979
• S. Katti, S. Gollakota and D. Katabi, ”Embracing Wireless Interference: Analog Network
Coding”, ACM SIGCOMM 2007.
• M. Wilson, K. Narayanan, H. Pfister, and A. Sprintson, ”Joint Physical Layer Coding and
Network Coding for Bi-Directional Relaying”, arXiv:0805.0012.
• T. J. Oechtering, R. F. Wyrembelski, and H. Boche, Multiantenna Bidirectional Broadcast
Channels - Optimal Transmit Strategies , IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 57,
no. 5, pp. 1948-1958, May 2009.
• A. Sezgin, M.A. Khajehnejad, S. Avestimehr, and B. Hassibi, Ap- proaching the capacity
of the multi-pair bidirectional Gaussain relay channel with a divide-and-conquer strategy
, 2009.