Fort Ross - Salt Point Newsletter

Published by the Fort Ross Interpretive Association—a California State Park Cooperating Association
www.fortrossinterpretive.org
Fall 2006

THE ROTCHEV FAMILY

The Rotchev House was the home of the last manager of
Fort Ross, Alexander Rotchev and his wife and children.
He oversaw the earliest European farming, ranching and
industrial complex in Northern California. The Rotchev
home reflected the life of the Fort Ross managers as well
as this family’s intellectual and noble culture. Alexander
Rotchev was an intelligent well-traveled person and a
poet. His wife, Princess Elena, was a descendant of the
titled nobility. Both were conversant in several languages.
Yet the family lived on a moderate middle class Russian-
American Company income. Accounts indicate that the
Rotchev home was a refined and properly furnished
residence. The library, French wines, and piano, as well as
the hospitality of the Rotchevs were highly regarded. The
Status of the Rotchev household was busy with three young children
as well.
Rotchev House
When the Rotchev House furnishing is completed, the Rus-
Preservation and Furnishing sian settlement in California will be seen through the eyes
and culture of the last Fort Ross manager and his family.
Please see the color brochure in the Current Projects Family life at Fort Ross will be portrayed for the first time,
Section of the the website and the professional life of the Rotchevs will give a glimpse
of the high level of culture and the scientific and artistic
HISTORY pursuits that the Fort Ross managers and officials brought
The Rotchev House at Fort Ross State Historic Park was to California in the first half of the 19th century.
built circa 1836. This National Landmark building is the
only original structure remaining from Russia’s thriving
settlement on California’s north coast between 1812 and
1841.

During the American ranching era after the Russians left, a

two-story addition was added to the Rotchev House and
the structure was used as a home by sucessive owners of
Fort Ross. The structure was later used as the Fort Ross
Hotel. The building was abandoned and fell into disrepair
in the early 1900s.

Fort Ross became one of the first California State Parks in

1906, and now, despite its rural and isolated location on
the Sonoma County North Coast, an estimated 185,000
people and 6,000 school children visit Fort Ross each year. Alexander Rotchev. Courtesy of Arsenii Arsenevich Smolevskii,
The Rotchev House is located within the fort compound, Great-great Grandson of Alexander and Elena Rotchev.
and currently people wander through the empty rooms of
the 170 year-old house unaware that it is the only remain-
ing Russian-built structure at Fort Ross.
 PRESERVATION
State Parks first restored the Rotchev House in 1925. The
two-story addition built following the Russian settlement
was removed, and the building received a new foundation
and roof. Russian joinery details were exposed and pre-
served during the course of a second restoration in 1947.
Original joinery exists to this day. The structure was dam-
aged by fire in 1971. After the fire the roof was replaced,
but the original walls, floor, ceiling and window and door
frames were retained. By 2000 the building had again fallen
into disrepair, original structural elements had decayed
and were crumbling, and the interior was still empty and
unfinished. No funds were available for repairs, and so in
2002 State Parks requested the assistance of the Fort Ross
Interpretive Association (FRIA) to seek funding and begin
the task of restoration and furnishing. Beginning with the
Rotchev House Conference in February of 2003, FRIA
has worked with the State of California, and national and
international experts on the restoration of wooden build-
ings and Russian American history. A furnishing plan has
been approved, and funds to preserve this unique structure
have been raised to arrest deterioration and restore original
building elements.
Generous grants have made possible the preservation of
this National Landmark building, and restoration of the
Rotchev House will be completed in 2007:
• The Sonoma County Landmarks Commission
funded the initial conference of Russian wooden
building and furnishing experts, the preparation
of a furnishing plan, and the replacement of all of
the decayed doors and windows with handcrafted
historically accurate reproductions.
• California State Parks Cultural Stewardship Grant
funds were allocated for analysis of original
wooden elements and finishes, conservation of
original logs, upgrading the electrical system, and
stabilization of the fireplace.
• A recent grant from the California Cultural and
Historical Endowment will ensure the crucial final
phase of preservation needed before furnishing
the structure as a house museum – integrated
pest management, the installation of security and
environmental measures, and the construction of
interior doors and finishes so that the building
may be furnished and interpreted to tell a more
complete story of this unique settlement.
A great deal of preservation has been accomplished since
the project began in 2003 with an overall budget of
$251,000. With much of the preservation now completed,
we are beginning to focus on the creation of a house mu-
seum in the structure. We are pursuing granting sources as
well as private donors for furnishings. Please call the FRIA
office if you have suggestions for funding sources. A bro-
chure and DVD have been prepared to send to interested
 individuals and organizations.
VISION
The Fort Ross Interpretive Association is committed to
raising funds to create a house museum in the Rotchev
House which will showcase rare 19th century construction
details, portray the importance of family life at Fort Ross,
and highlight Russia’s contributions to early Californian
history. Upon completion of this project, park visitors
will experience a vivid depiction of life in colonial Rus-
sian America. Currently the buildings do not interpret the
lives of the numerous families and children who lived at
the settlement. Other structures in the fort focus on the
commercial, military, and religious aspects of the colony.
The furnished Rotchev House will give a glimpse of the
high level of culture, technology, and scientific pursuits
that the Fort Ross officials first brought to California in the
early 1800s. Fort Ross was far more than the otter hunt-
ing base that most Californians still believe that it is, and
the completion of this project will go far to correct that
impression. Understanding of one of the oldest remnants
of early European contact in California, and Russia’s im-
portant legacy will be enhanced.
Salon in Decembrist Settlement in Siberia, 1830.
N.A.. Bestuzhev.
DECEMBRISTS AT FORT ROSS
Illustrations of homes of members of the Decembrist uprising
who were imprisoned in Siberia are used as guides for interiors
in the Rotchev House. This reflects the link that many of the
administrators of the Russian America Company felt with
liberal-minded societies in Russia. The Decembrist revolt of
1825 attempted to establish a constitutional monarchy dur-
ing the interregnum following Aleksandr 1st death. The man-
ager of the Russian America Company’s St. Petersburg office,
Kondraty Ryleev, was among the five conspirators executed
for their part in the revolt. Other participants were exiled to
Siberia. Many of the conspirators visited Russian California
prior to the revolt, and subsequent Company administrators,
including Alexander Rotchev, remained faithful to the liberal
ideals connected with the Decembrists. Russian-American
Company administrator, K. T. Khlebnikov, reported, “The
Russian colonies in America apparently were often discussed
by the members of the Northern Society [Decembrists]. Rus-
sian America, and in part Fort Ross, occupied a special place
in the Decembrists’ plans.”
Furnishing Details continued on page 4
 Research in the Russian State Naval Archives
In the early nineteenth century, the Russian Navy made
numerous voyages to the west coast of North America.
These naval ships carried highly-trained scientists and
naturalists who created the earliest records of life in
California. The records and documents relating to these
voyages became the property of the Russian govern-
ment, and are now stored in the Russian State Naval
Archives (RSNA) in St. Petersburg, Russia. Very little has
been published in the English language relating to the
majority of these Russian voyages.
This year the Fort Ross Interpretive Association submit-
ted a scholarly research grant to the National Endow-
ment for the Humanities proposing that a team of
Russian and American scholars search the RSNA to
identify, translate, and publish journals, maps, scientific
notes, and illustrations that were produced during these
voyages to early California. We have received the excit-
ing news that we have been granted the funding for this
three-year collaborative research project.
This October several scholars of the nineteenth cen-
tury Russian presence in America, as well as the related
geography, ethnohistory, archaeology, anthropology
and sciences will be traveling to St. Petersburg for an
initial meeting with Dr. Vladimir Sobolev, Director of
the Russian State Archives of the Navy and his research
staff. The scholars attending this initial conference are
Dr. Katherine Arndt (University of Alaska, Fairbanks,
Rasmuson Library) specialist in translating nineteenth-
century Russian documents relating to Russia’s presence
in North America; Dr. Glenn Farris (California State
Park Senior Archaeologist) specialist in the archaeology,
ethnohistory, and sciences of eighteenth and nineteenth
century California; Dr. James Gibson (Senior Scholar
and Professor Emeritus, York University) specialist in
historical geography of Siberia, Russian America, and
the Northwest Coast, and translation of related Rus-
sian documents into English; and Dr. Alexander Petrov
(Senior Research Fellow, Center for North American
Studies, Institute of World History, Moscow) specialist
in research and translation of documents from Russia’s
eighteenth and nineteenth century presence in North
America.
Members of the FRIA Board, especially James Allan,
Kent Lightfoot, and Sarah Sweedler have worked very
had to make this project happen. Sarah is the grant
administrator, and Lyn Kalani, the project director/coor-
dinator.
This project is dedicated to those who went before,
especially Richard A Pierce, whose prolific research,
translation, and publication of original Russian source
materials has taught us the way and inspired us. An-
other, Nicholas Rokitiansky, whose pioneering research
in Russian archives unearthed much information which
contradicted many established beliefs about Fort Ross,
has confirmed the importance of researching original
Russian source materials.
Many, many diligent Russian and American researchers
continue to teach us. Several have been of particular
inspiration for this research project in the Russian Naval
Archives. One of the leading experts on Fort Ross, Dr.
Alexei Istomin, Head of the Department of American
Studies, Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Rus-
sian Academy of Sciences, has made a huge contribution
with the publication of the book Russia in California –
Russian Documents on Fort Ross and Russian-California Rela-
tions in 1803 – 1850, co-authored with James Gibson and
Valery Tishkov. Locally, Dr. Stephen Watrous has been
a ceaseless researcher and translator of original Russian
materials on Fort Ross. His work has inspired us all to
seek deeper understanding through the exploration of
primary materials. Barbara Sweetland Smith has worked
extensively with Russian archives and has produced two
remarkable exhibits on Russian America, Russian America;
The Forgotten Frontier, and Science Under Sail: Russia’s Great
Voyages to America. John Middleton, a past president of
FRIA, began 15 years ago to make the many contacts
and friendships with Russian museums and archives
which have made this project a reality. Finally, the
abundant sharing of resources by Sue Thorsen, Curator
at Sitka National Historical Park, has been instrumental
in teaching us the value of working cooperatively with
other institutions.
We hope that this collaborative research project with
the Russian State Naval Archives, depending on what
is unearthed, will expand to include the production of
publications and a traveling exhibit which will enlighten
future generations of Russian American researchers, as
well as the general public. We embark on a 21st cen-
tury voyage into the archives of the early 19th century
world.
3
 furnishing details
The Rotchev House Furnishing Plan calls for two fully furnished rooms which the public will view through
glass doors, or on a guided tour:

The Study in Decembrist Homes

ALEXANDER ROTCHEV’S STUDY

This room will showcase the business and personal life
of the last manager of Fort Ross. Items and furnishings
will portray his office as well as his travels and literary
interests. It is one of two rooms that will be completely
finished and furnished.
In addition to two chairs, an armchair, and Rotchev’s
desk and desk accessories, this room will have bookcases
and many books in different languages. There will be an
armoire with his clothing, hats, and weapons such as a shot-
gun. Miniature paintings and sketches from traveling artists
will decorate the walls, along with framed pictures reflect-
ing Rotchev’s travels in India and the Orient, and an icon
with lampada (icon lamp). Small period rugs of Oriental,
Arabic, or East Indian theme will reflect Rotchev’s travels. Gentleman’s Study in Russia. 1840s
Sheer window coverings, and a small round pedestal table
with pipes will also decorate the manager’s study.

BIEDERMEIER THE BISHOP’S HOUSE

Biedermeier became synonymous with the furniture designs, An original structure built by the
fabric patterns and drapery favored by the bourgeoisie of Russian-American Company in Sika,
those decades [1815 -1848]. . . [It] would come to embody Alaska which has been restored by Na-
the classical elegance of wealthy middle-class living. The term tional Parks. It contains many original
became absorbed into foreign languages and from that point furnishings and finishes which serve as
on signified a typically German style. The values associated a model for the Rotchev House furnish-
with it were friendship, family, modesty and a comfortable ings. The Bishop’s House cornerstove is
informality. These were reflected in the forms and functions illustrated.
of the new furniture, and especially in the invention of what
we now recognize as the classic seating group that formed the
hub of the bourgeoisie drawing room. Here, an entirely new
piece of furniture a table, was introduced in front of, and to
complement, the generously upholstered sofas that were so
popular. Sofas, on which the lady of the house would sit to
receive guests, were generally positioned with their straight
backs against a wall. Equally well-upholstered side chairs .
. . completed the circle for domestic gatherings. “Biedermeier
to Bauhaus” by Sigrid Sangl.

 Decembrist Salons
Piano Forte Russian Salon Biedermeier
THE FAMILY PARLOR
Daily life and leisure in the home of Alexander and Elena
SLEEPING QUARTERS
Rotchev and their three young children will be portrayed
The rooms in the back of the home were traditionally the
in detail in the parlor (reception) room. Visitors will look
family sleeping quarters. They form a corridor through
into a room furnished with the elegant, yet simple French
which visitors will walk to view the showcase rooms.
Empire/Biedermeier style furniture common in rural
aristocratic Russian homes. These furnishings will convey
The bedroom of Elena Rotchev and her children will con-
the family’s social position and the level of culture which
tain an armoire, bed, cradle, two small beds, a student’s
they brought to California. A corner faux stove of Russian
desk, toys, chamberpots, and a screen room divider.
design will face the parlor. Items in this room will reflect
the family daily and social life - a piano forte with chair,
Alexander Rotchev’s bedroom will look in to his study
a sofa (next to the stove), an assortment of chairs and
and contain a bed and an armoire.
tables suitable for entertaining, a small table for people
coming in (with top hat & gloves), a rectangular or square
The servant or governess bedroom will be furnished with
table below a verticle mirror between the windows, an
a bed and a trunk.
armchair and three chairs near doors, a game table (with
chess set), a round pedestal table (with sewing basket).
Small paintings on the walls with varnished wood frames
will decorate the walls. An icon corner in the academic
style of the time, sheer curtains, small Oriental or Persian
rugs, and a samovar, tea set and a liquor set will all reflect
life in the Rotchev home.

Visitors will be able to walk through the remainder of

the rooms in the house to view the showcase rooms.
These rooms will be minimally furnished with hands-on
interpretive objects to give the impression of activity and
the family life of the Rotchevs. In these rooms the walls,
Biedermeier Childrens’
ceiling and windows will be left unfinished to show the Sleeping Quarters
Bishop’s House Bedroom
Russian construction details and the evolution of the
structure over time.

All furnishings will be selected in

ENTRY/GALLERY/DINING AREA
accordance with the furnishing plan
Visitors will access the house through this room. It will be
prepared in 2003 with the Rotchev
minimally furnished with a large dining table, six chairs,
House Advisors, a team of experts on
and sideboard to match the furnishings in the rest of the
the restoration of Russian wooden
house. Dishes in sideboard will replicate items found on
building, furnishings, and Russian
ship’s lists, original items at Russian-built Bishop’s House
American history: Manoushan Azam;
in Sitka, and ceramics recovered in archaeological excava-
Glenn Farris; Alexei Istomin; Igor
tions at Fort Ross and Castle Hill.
Medvedev; John Middleton; Barbara
Biedermeier Dining Area Smith; Sue Thorsen; and Richa Leann
Willson.

 Pacific Brown Pelicans
Those of us who live in California know the Brown
Pelican well. We stop to watch vees of them coasting
along the shore or expertly soaring in the blue-green
curves of breakers. If we are out in the water ourselves,
we might be splashed as they spectacularly plunge-dive
from as high as 65 feet! Since their dive is shallow, they
bob upright immediately, now with lunch packed in
their pouch. The pelican’s pouch can distend rapidly to
an enormous size, capable of holding about 21 pints of
water and fish. After the catch, the pelican points its bill
down to drain the pouch. The pouch colors to a deep
crimson during courting; the birds can be seen stretch-
ing their heads back and up, to keep the skin flexible.
They have large webbed feet and wing spans that range
from six to nine feet. They are found in coastal areas
throughout the tropics and warmer temperate zones,
such as the California coast. After breeding on West
Anacapa and Santa Barbara islands, with fledglings now
on their own, the flocks migrate, following the food
supply northward. This August and September have
been particularly picturesque at Salt Point and Fort Ross,
with larger-than-usual flocks of Brown Pelicans flying
overhead or sitting on coastal rocks after dipping for the
little fish alongside the numerous boats fishing for the
salmon which also follow schools of small fish.
Seabirds such as the Brown Pelican depend on the ocean
currents for their food source. Basically, the small fish
that pelicans dive for move along the coast, depending
on the interactions of seasonal weather, varying effects
of wind, and water temperatures on currents. “When
spring winds have been strong and prevailing out of the
northwest, the upwelling cycle has persisted, and the
water has been cold, primary productivity of the ocean
is high, and both breeding and visiting species [of birds]
find abundant food. In contrast, during El Nino periods,
when northerly winds weaken, subtropical currents pre-
dominate, and water temperatures are relatively warm,
prey becomes scarce and seabirds suffer, either through
die-offs or lower reproductive success.” (Introduction
to California Birdlife, University of California Press, pp.
41-46.)
extremely high levels of DDT were discharged into
the waters off Palos Verdes Peninsula by the Montrose
Chemical Company from 1947 to 1970). Fish in the area
were developing without fins, due to the poisoning.
Contaminated fish pose health risks to wildlife preda-
tors: brown pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis) , double-
crested cormorant (Phalocrocorax auritus) and bald
eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) nesting on southern
California islands had poor reproductive success during
the late 1950s to 1970s due to eggshell thinning. Birds
with high tissue DDT concentrations had thinner egg-
shells and over time, shell thickness increased as tissue
DDT concentrations decreased.
In recent years, thanks to hard-won protections and
a reduction in contaminant levels, Brown Pelicans are
showing promising signs of recovery. However, threats
from human disturbance, gill-net fisheries, and oil pol-
lution continue. Though pelicans and other species
have been the sign-posts of lethal poisoning, Pelecanus
occidentalis deserves a benign and thriving environment,
one with unpolluted oceans which sustain the ancient
food web upon which all other life depends.
Good news: After 30 years of daunting work 2,500
acres of wetland has been saved from development
at Bolsa Chica in southern California. In late August, a
newly constructed canal was allowing, for the first time
in 135 years, the natural ebb and flow of ocean water.
Several species of endangered birds nest there.
By Lake Perry

The Brown Pelican is entirely marine, found along

shores and bays. For decades, populations have suffered
the effects of pesticides. Most of us know the history
of DDT from Rachel Carson’s 1962 book Silent Spring.
Other damaging chemicals to sea life include trace met-
als (e.g., arsenic, mercury, selenium, cadmium), chlor-
dane, dieldrin, PCBs and PAHs . These enter the marine
environment from municipal wastewater discharges,
industrial discharges, storm drains, streams, rivers; aerial
fallout; marine vessel activity; ocean dumping; oil
exploration and extraction; and oil spills. (For instance, Brown Pelican graphics from
6 The Sibley Guide to Birds.
 Fort Ross Environmental Living Program
It is hard to know where to begin when we highlight
the Environmental Living Program (ELP) at Fort Ross
State Historic Park. We generally host over 70 programs
with an average of 2,500 hundred students each school
year. Our groups come from as far as Arcata in the
north, the Bay Area in the south, as well as from schools
in the Sierras. The special moments are measured as stu-
dents and parents alike bring ideas, share feelings, and
complete the many hands-on tasks of the ELP.
The ELP provides for the health and inspiration of these
students and parents in an amazing way. The mental
health, emotional health, and even physical health are
alive. This program begins as they start discussing the
program in class and at home. It begins with the student
imagining what the park is going to look like. What if
it is pouring rain, will we make it, and can we survive?
What will I wear for my costume, how will it look - is
it correct? How do I say this name of this long ago
immigrant, who I have just become? What were these
people like? Was this woman or man working so hard
they did not notice the beauty? What did they do all
day? What food did they eat? Where did they sleep?
This begins the inspiration for the teacher, the student
and the parent.
We have high expectations of our teachers who bring
students on-site. The teachers must come to an over-
night training. The teachers gain a clear picture of the
opportunities and experiences that lie ahead for the
students and parents. We expect the students to know
the history of the park. We expect the teacher, students
and parents to come in costume, and we expect them
all to take on names of actual people who once lived
at Colony Ross. They take that name and embrace it in
the classroom and on-site. When the students embrace a
name of an actual person who lived here, they not only
learn about the person they are portraying, they learn
about the other characters that lived here and start to
get a better sense of the place through the lives of the
people. We have chuckled on many occasions when
students won’t answer the teacher unless called by their
Colony Ross name. We have five role groups: Cooks,
Hunters, Militia, Artisans, and Gardeners. We expect
the parents to be involved with the planning and have
a clear understanding of their role on-site before they
arrive in each of these groups. And because of all these
expectations of the teacher, student, and parent we
provide an exceptional comprehensive manual. The cur-
riculum is set to California State Standards for 4th and 5th
grade levels – although 3rd grade and 6th grade certainly
benefit. The manual is complete with a history geared
to their grade level, over fifty ideas for classroom
activities, and planning packets for each of the five role
groups.
Now that the students and parents have all prepared for
the Big Day, they arrive on-site and really start to see,
feel, become, and embrace this life. The students begin
to validate their ideas or maybe they change their views
as they realize they are not so different from times past.
These moments are experiences they carry with them
for a lifetime. How do you measure the words from
students who say “wow, the moon was so bright”, “I
had never seen so many stars”, “ I have never seen the
ocean before”, “that seal was so cute, he spoke to me”,
“I love our flag – look at it flying”, or “I really do like
wearing a dress”. We hear comments like, “I don’t
want to leave”, “could we stay another night”, and
“this is the best trip ever”. They feel closer to nature
having for just two days paid attention to the moon,
the stars, the sun, the rain, the ocean, and all the new
surroundings. They feel closer to each other having had
such an experience. When they arrive home they start
to pay attention to their next meal, their own bed, their
own warm clothing, or being cold reminds them of a
warm fire.
Just the other day a group of hunters went to the cove
to catch the food for the colony. After a few hours they
came back with five fish. The entire Colony stopped
what tasks they were completing and came to congratu-
late the hunters and looked in admiration at their catch.
The artisans made ready the candle lanterns, while the
cooks prepared the evening meal over the fire. The
gardeners had collected what food they found, as they
had planted historical plants in the garden. The entire
Colony came together at dinner as each group spoke of
their accomplishments that day.
We are constantly reminded by the parents and the
students what a great experience this is. There is fun
and laughter. When they say goodbye it is often heart
wrenching. It is as though we knew each other for a
lifetime. We all have a better understanding of each
other: we sang together, ate together, danced together,
told stories together, and shared many other moments
that are not soon forgotten. All of us know something
special has happened.
These people are more apt to become park stewards
preserving and protecting our parks. In this way we
continue to preserve and protect our state’s extraordi-
nary diversity. How wonderful! To the Tzar!!!!!
Za Mir, Robin Joy, Park Interpretive Specialist, and
Sarah Gould, Senior Park Aid.
7
 Membership Application

NAME ______________________________________________ PHONE ___________________

ADDRESS_________________________________ CITY _____________________ STATE ___________ ZIP_____________

_____ $10.00 Senior/Student _____ $15.00 Regular _____$20.00 Family _____$25.00 Organization $_____Donation

Fria board meetings are scheduled for the second Saturday of every other month.
The next regularly scheduled meeting is Saturday October 14, 2006 at 10 AM
www.fortrossinterpretive.org
Visit the Fort Ross web site: www.fortrossstatepark.org

Mission Statement
Fort Ross Interpretive Association
The mission of the Fort Ross Interpretive Association, Incorporated, 19005 Coast Highway One Non-Profit Org.
is to promote for the benefit of the public the interpretive and Jenner, CA 95450 U.S. Postage
educational activities of the Russian River Sector of California State Phone: (707) 847-3437 PAID
Fax: (707) 847-3601 Permit No. 1
Parks at Fort Ross State Historic Park and Salt Point State Park.
E-mail: fria@mcn.org Jenner, 95450
To enhance and conserve the cultural and natural historic,
interpretive and educational resources of Fort Ross and
Salt Point State Parks. ADDRESS SERVICE REQUESTED
To sponsor, publish, distribute, and sell appropriate items
which increase visitor understanding and appreciation of
this area.
To acquire materials and equipment to assist in the educational
and interpretive programs at Fort Ross and Salt Point
State Parks.
To develop and maintain a library.
To preserve and archive historical material associated with
Fort Ross and Salt Point State Parks, and to provide and
maintain adequate and secure storage facilities.
To sponsor, support, and assist scientific research and
investigations relating to Fort Ross and Salt Point State
Parks, and presentation of these studies to the public.
To promote interpretation that reflects current research.
To plan, organize, and implement fund raising programs to
support interpretive and educational activities at Fort Ross
and Salt Point.
Board of Directors: President, Bob Madrone; Vice President, Jim
Allan; Recording & Corresponding Secretary, Sarah Sweedler;
Treasurer, John Sperry; Directors, Carolyn Coryelle; Ludmila
Ershow; Thomas Fujiyoshi; Kent Lightfoot; Marion MacDonald
Staff: Lyn Kalani—Executive Director, Newsletter Editor; Lake
Perry—Administrative Assistant; Susanna Barlow—Membership &
Bookstore; Sarjan Holt— Bookstore & Publications Assistant