10.

2-1Given: @ 30 C
PVapE=0.7569 bar
PVapH=0.0773 bar
P=0.4537 bar
Reqd: Composition in the vapor phase
VL(cc/mol)
75
148

Substance
Ethyl Bromide
n-Heptane
a. XE=0.4723
XH=0.5277

(cal/cc)1/2
8.9
7.4

Assuming ideal mixture, the activity coefficient is zero.

The y are then computed from the formula,

X i P Vapi
Y i=
P
Substituting all the known values, we get,
@XE=0.4723
Y E =0.7879
@XH=0.5277

Y H =0.0899
Note that the summation of the vapor composition is 0.8778 which
tells us that the ideal solution assumption is not valid.
b. Modeled by RST
Since this is not an ideal solution, we use the formula

Y i=

Xi i P
P

Vap
i

to find

the vapor composition. In order to do this, we need to solve for the activity
coefficient,, for both the components.According to equations of 9.6-10,

Where

i =

xiV i
V mix ,

i=exp

j=exp

V i 2 j ( i j)2
RT

V j 2i ( i j )2
RT

is the activity coefficient, V is the molar volume

of the liquid phase of a component,R is the universal gas constant(1.987

cal/mol K) and T is the temperature.
E=

x EV E
xB V B+ x E V E

 B=

xB V B
xB V B+ x EV E

E=0.312
B=0.688
Substituting all the unknowns, we get,
E =1.1419
H =1.0553
Having known the activity coefficients of the two components, we
substitute this to the equation, Y i=

X i i PVap i
, and solve for the vapor
P

compositions of the two components.

@XE=0.4723
Y E =0.89 97
@XH=0.5277

Y H =0.0949
Also note that the sum of the vapor components is 0.9946 and is
almost unity, thus, this model can be used to solve this problem.
c. UNIFAC Model
According to the application, these are the activity coefficients of the
two components
No
-1
2

Name
-----------ethyl bromide
n-heptane

Mole Fraction
------------0.4723
0.5277

Activity Coefficient
-------------------1.1019
1.0921

The data are based from the modified Unifac application given by the
book.
Having known the activity coefficients of the two components, we
X i i PVap i
substitute this to the equation, Y i=
, and solve for the vapor
P
compositions of the two components.
@XE=0.4723
Y E =0.8682
@XH=0.5277

Y H =0.0982

Note that the sum of the vapor compositions is 0.9664 and is farther
from unity than the Regular Solution Theory. Thus, RST is the more
appropriate model to be used in this problem.
d. Recalculate the vapor composition given that YE=0.815 and XE=0.2843
having a total Pressure of 0.3197 bar at T= 30C
First, we need to find the liquid and vapor composition of n-Heptane by
subtracting from 1 each of the liquid and vapor composition of Ethyl
bromide.
XE
0.284
3

XH
0.715
7

YE

YH

0.815

0.185

E
1.210
8

H
1.069
1

P(bar
)
0.319
7

Next, we need to solve for the activity coefficients of the two

components by using the formula,
YiP
X i PVap i

= i

Substituting all the known values, we get

@ XE =0.2843
E =1. 2108
@ XH=0.7157
H =1.0691
Next is we substitute this values to equation 9.5-10, to obtain the
parameters for van laar equation.
X H ln H 2
=(1+
) ln E
X E ln E
=(1+

X E ln E 2
) ln H
X H ln H

Substituting the known values, we get

=0.6756088211

=0.3051907803
Substituting these parameters into equations 9.5-9, we could solve for the
activity coefficients at the compositions given in part a.

ln E =

XE
(1+
)
XH

ln H =

XH
(1+
)
XE

@XE=0.4723 and XH=0.5277

E =1.078974727
H =1.144298546

The y are then computed from the formula,

X i i PVap i
Y i=
P
@XE=0.4723, P=0.4537 bar

Y E =0.8501566256
@ XH=0.5277, P=0.4537 bar

Y H =0.1028814686
Note that the sum of the vapor compositions of the two substances is equal
to 0.9530 and is farther from unity than the RST and the UNIFAC.