Introduction

The Montgomery bus boycott, a seminal event in the Civil Rights

Movement, was a political and social protest campaign against the policy
of racial segregation on the public transit system of Montgomery, Alabama.
The campaign lasted from December 5, 1955 to December 20, 1956.

Body
Causes.

The reasons that led to this event were

Racial segregation on public transportation
On the Montgomery buses, the white people who boarded the bus took
seats in the front rows and the Black people took seats in the back rows.
When the buses were full, if other black people boarded the bus, they were
required to stand. If another white person boarded the bus, then everyone
in the black row nearest the front had to get up and stand and then white
people can seats. Often when boarding the buses, black people were
required to pay at the front, get off, and reenter the bus through a separate
door at the back. National City Lines owned the Montgomery Bus Line at
the time of the Montgomery bus boycott.
Claudette Colvin arrested
Was a student 15-year-old, at Booker T. Washington High School in
Montgomery. On March 2, 1955, Colvin was handcuffed, arrested and
forcibly removed from a public bus when she refused to give up her seat to
a white man.
But the most important reason was
Rosa Parks arrested
Was a seamstress by profession; she was also the secretary for the
Montgomery chapter of the NAACP. On December 1, 1955, Parks was
sitting in the front most row for black people. When a Caucasian man
boarded the bus, the bus driver told everyone in her row to move back. At
that moment, Parks realized that she was again on a bus driven by Blake.

While all of the other black people in her row complied, Parks refused, and
was arrested.

Event and participants.

After Rosa parks arrested there was a meeting of 16 to 18 people at Mount
Zion AME Zion Church to discuss boycott strategies. A citywide boycott of
public transit was proposed to demand a fixed dividing line for the
segregated sections of the buses. Such a line would have meant that if the
white section of the bus was oversubscribed, whites would have to stand;
blacks would not be forced to give up their seats to whites. The black
community would support the boycott, and very few blacks rode the buses.
The boycott proved extremely effective, with enough riders lost to the city
transit system to cause serious economic distress. Instead of riding buses,
boycotters organized a system of carpools, with car owners volunteering
their vehicles or themselves driving people to various destinations. Some
white housewives also drove their black domestic servants to work.
Black taxi drivers charged ten cents per ride, a fare equal to the cost to ride
the bus, in support of the boycott. Across the nation, black churches raised
money to support the boycott and collected new and slightly used shoes to
replace the tattered footwear of Montgomery's black citizens, many of
whom walked everywhere rather than ride the buses.
Results
As a result the Pressure increased across the country. The related civil suit
was heard in federal district court and, on June 4, 1956, the court ruled in
Browder v. Gayle (1956) that Alabama's racial segregation laws for buses
were unconstitutional. The boycott officially ended December 20, 1956,
after 381 days. The city passed an ordinance authorizing black bus
passengers to sit virtually anywhere they chose on buses. The Montgomery
bus boycott resounded far beyond the desegregation of public buses. It
stimulated activism and participation from the South in the national Civil
Rights Movement and gave King national attention as a rising leader.
White backlash against the court victory was quick, brutal, and, in the
short-term, effective.[39][40] Two days after the inauguration of desegregated
seating, someone fired a shotgun through the front door of Martin Luther

King's home. A day later, on Christmas Eve, white men attacked a black
teenager as she exited a bus. Four days after that, two buses were fired
upon by snipers. In one sniper incident, a pregnant woman was shot in both
legs. On January 10, 1957 bombs destroyed five black churches and the
home of Reverend Robert S. Graetz, one of the few white Montgomerians
who had publicly sided with the MIA

Importance.
This event was really important in the history because it
was the start of direct action, black people started to do
something to secure their civil rights and to have the right
to vote and equality. Thanks to that the black people
decided to fight for their rights the racism is now a little
more controlled than before.
The Montgomery Bus Boycott drew greater attention to the Civil Rights
Movement and the blacks people rights, and, because of that, it changed
many people's view on the way they treated each other back then.
Therefore if Rosa Parks did not choose to react the way she did when the
bus driver asked her to get out of her seat, then we would probably still be
having some racial problems on buses. Even though she did not realize that
her act would have such as effect on people in America and the Civil Rights
Movement, the Montgomery Bus Boycott and Rosa Parks' reaction benefits
us in how we treat each other today.
Conclusion.

I am very disagree with the racism and I feel really proud

of this people who were involved in this event. If this
wasnt happened the racism would be continue like
before.
Racial segregation and separation of spaces, services and laws for black
people would continue extremely even now.