Construction 6

Introduction to Level Surveys

By
Roderick Nairn

Importance of understanding
levels
Allows you to design with confidence
Create level areas on sloping ground
Design steps, ramps or sloping paths to link
areas of a sloping plot
Design retaining walls to an appropriate
specification
Understand the flow of water across the site

SURVEY
Establishing a level line of sight

Equipment
Equipment used in a level survey
Staff
Tripod
Level or levelling instrument
Tape measures

A Dumpy Level or Quickset Level

A Laser Level

A Zip Level

Ordnance Survey Land Map

Ordnance Survey Land Map

A Professional Survey Drawing

Survey Drawing
Where is the Level Datum or Temporary Bench Mark? What level is it?
Which is higher, the Paved Patio or Fruit Cage remains and by how much?

How do the two flights of curved steps from the terrace, differ from each
other?
List features that have been given spot heights.
What heights are the flights of steps to either end of the terrace? What will the
heights of the risers be for each flight?

How to record level changes

Choose a high point to set up your level with an uninterrupted view if poss.
Select a Temporary Bench Mark (TBM), also known as the level datum.
Mark on a sketch where it is and record that level as your first measurement
Measure and record any spot heights. Use tape measures too.
Record your levels as a grid
Fence panels can often be a guide

PRACTICAL
SETTING UP A SURVEY STATION,
RECORDING AND CALCULATING
LEVEL CHANGES