Quality Management System

Document

Doc. No.: PCD-SF193

Page: 1 of
Rev.: 1
5

Procedure for Design of

Water Spray System

1
0
Rev
.

11 Jun
14
15 Mar
07
Date

Change of Format
Issued for implementation
Description

H.Hosseini

I.Zamani

A. Fallahi

Prepared by

Reviewed
by

A.Zamani
E.
Behbahani
Approved
by

Sections changed in the last revision are identified by

This document is the property of Tehran Raymand Consulting Engineers and should not be disclosed or reproduced without a
prior written permission.

Procedure for Design of

Water Spray System

Doc. No.: PCD-SF193

Page: 2 of
Rev.: 1
5

1. Preface
The present document is intended to outline the procedure of designing a
Fixed water spray system.

2. Applicable Documents
The following documents have to be obtained by the Project Lead
Engineer and referred to by the Engineer, prior to prepare it:

Design Basis

Project references

Project references.

3. Definitions
Project lead engineer is the lead engineer directly responsible for the
performance of activities of the project, set forth by the project manager
and/or head of the department.
Engineer is the engineer responsible to calculate under the direct
supervision of the project lead engineer.
4. Overview
For designing of the water spray system for a specific hazard, identifying
the hazard source and arrangement of hazard is needed.
Therefore all of equipment, like tanks, compressor, pumps, steel
structures, transformers vessels, air coolers and also their contents
shall be available..
5. General Requirements
For which are listed in item No. 2 shall be available.
The project lead engineer is responsible to obtain and ensure that the
engineer uses the latest revision/edition of the mentioned documents.

Procedure for Design of

Water Spray System

Doc. No.: PCD-SF193

Page: 3 of
Rev.: 1
5

After receiving the exact dimension and content of above mentioned

equipments by considering the available utilities and economic factors a
suitable fixed water spray system will be selected.
6. Procedure
6.1. General

6.1.1. Design Objectives

In general, water spray system shall be considered effective for any one
of or a combination of the following objectives:
(1) Extinguishments of fire
(2) Control of burning
(3) Exposure protection
(4) Prevention of fire
6.1.2. Size of system and water demand
A single system shall not protect more than one fire area
The number of systems expected to operate simultaneously shall be
determined by evaluating the following factors:
(1) Possible flow of burning liquids between areas before or during
operation of the water spray system
(2) Possible flow of hot gases between fire areas that could actuate
adjoining system, thereby increasing demand
(3) Flammable gas detection set to automatically actuate systems
(4) Manual operation of multiple system
(5) Other factors that would result in operation of system outside of the
primary fire area.
6.1.2.1. Extinguishments
System shall be designed so that extinguishments shall be accomplished
and all protected surface shall be cooled to prevent flashback occurring
after the system is shutt off.
Extinguishments methods:

Procedure for Design of

Water Spray System

Doc. No.: PCD-SF193

Page: 4 of
Rev.: 1
5

(1) Surface cooling

(2) Smothering by produced steam
(3) Emulsification
(4) Dilution
(5) Other factors
6.1.2.2. Design density
A general range of water spray application rates that shall apply to most
ordinary combustible solids or liquids shall be from 6.1 Lpm/m2 of
protected surface.
(1) Cable trays and cable rooms
Where insulated wire and cable or nonmetallic tubing is to be protected
by an automatic water spray (one nozzle) system designed for
extinguishments of fire that originates within the cable or tube, the
system shall be hydrically designed to impinge water directly on each
tray or group of cable or tubes at a net rate of 6.1 Lpm/m2 on the
protected plane containing the cable or tubing tray or run.
(2) Belt conveyors
Discharge pattern of water spray nozzle shall envelop, at a net rate at
not less than 10.2 Lpm/m2, the top and bottom belt surface area,
conveyor surface where combustible materials are likely to accumulate,
the structural parts and the idlerrolls supporting the belt.
(3) Drive unit
The net rate of water application for the drive unit shall be not less than
102 LPM/m2 of roll and belt.
6.1.2.3. Control of burning
The water application rate shall be at a net rate of not less than 20.4
Lpm/m2 of protected area.
(1) Pumps, compressor, and related equipment

Procedure for Design of

Water Spray System

Doc. No.: PCD-SF193

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Rev.: 1
5

Pumps or other devises that handle flammable liquids or gases shall have
the shafts, seals, and other critical parts enveloped by directed water
spray at a net rate of not less than 20.4 Lpm/m2.
(2) Flammable and combustible liquid pool fires
Water spray system designed to control pool fires resulting from a
flammable or combustible liquid spill fires shall be designed to apply a
net rate of not less than
12.2 Lpm/m2 of protected area.
6.1.2.4. Exposure protection
(1) Vessels
Water spray shall be applied to vessel surfaces (including top and bottom
surfaces) at a net rate of net less than 10.2 Lpm/m2 of exposed surfaces.
(2) Structures and miscellaneous equipment
Horizontal,

stressed

(primary)

structure

steel

members

shall

be

protected by nozzles and piping of such as size and arrangement to

discharge a net rate of not less than 4.1 Lpm/m2 over the welted area.
6.2. Geometrical arrangement of system

System piping shall be so arranged that the spray pattern can wet all parts
of the protected equipment and spray patterns shall have a suitable
overlapping length.
Arrangement of spray nozzle for a specific equipment, is completely related
to the shape of the equipment and the sensitive parts on the body (locations
where maximum thermal and mechanical stress may be occur). To
illuminate this part, each equipment is considered separately as below:

6.2.1. Atmospheric storage tanks

- Maximum distance between spray nozzle face and shell shall not exceed
600 mm and not be less than 450 mm. (d)
- If the tank is adjacent to other tanks with higher height, roof of tank shall
be protected by spray system.
- Cooling of shell and roof shall be done separately by different risers.
- Total Number of spray nozzle, is calculated by following formula:

Procedure for Design of

Water Spray System

Doc. No.: PCD-SF193

Page: 6 of
Rev.: 1
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2.2. Spherical storage tank

- Total number of spray nozzle shall be calculated by following formula: