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11

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12

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13

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q X|< + #dq ysesH +f n~ >+B ey T q,
ndX\ sjT V\T @yH e#jT+f n$ >+B
w |* yT q ysT |# s+ #dT + {sT. n< |<| <
#Tb q+ < eT qyT |e<+ +~.
b|>+& ndX\T ydb+& +&+ d+
ndX\ $wjT + >+B bq T HqT jT|e\dq
neds+ +~. ndX b|eT >+B yTT<{k ] m|&T
>T]+#&q < yTT<\T|&<+. B >T]+ >+BjT
HsT > #b&T. 1921 @| 14,15 B\ nV<u<
]q <[ esZ\ eTVdu n< |Hd+ jTq

nH&T: H |H +& ue+ H dT]++~. U


nH by&T e +{ eTsT>T<=&q T Xu+ #d + &y&T.
n& L &< |<\ +. @$T{ | n e
neTqT s# n&> y&. bsbTq n& eTTT +f
kq+ >{ #jT eTHysT. |<\ eqT eT+ ne
#dH n& &+ b|eTq&+ # | n e neT
y~d+ &y&.
#+<d uy\T #\s q \+H |H +&
qejTdTn+sq+ b|eTq $y+ >+B
\>+ d s + . nsTT >V +| eq sT y
#&T >TqT =\+#& jTq @$T #X&q< ndX\T
\TdT >s~. jT +> +&j |# T sDs\ T q >+B
J$ $Xc\qT >eTd ` 1894 H{ +&jTH
+> dTqT k|+ #&+ <s >+B |_ | t yTT<+ <
nse TeT+~. 1894 qT+ 1915 esL jTq <D |
H&T. \+ jTq ndX\qT >T]+ +#q
<T . U m H& yT #jT q <T . >+B 1915
+&j ] e#&T. n|&H ndX\ <H
|{+ #TH&? eTTde TT\ | Y &e+&TqT \ T ,
V+<Te\T < \|s#T #jT& XjTX
|j
T +#&+ , +> dTqT bs d+d> es&+, \
ds ~ { b \\ T ed\T #jT + +{ |qT
# #X&T. eT] \+ ndX\ jTq #d+ ~
@$T{ n+f +> dTysT us se #|ksT .
us b>+ ndX n+X+ nsTTq e
yT. seT+ n+sH b>={
\|{+ < ndX\ ys ue\T, ys &T\T @sT
#jT + ey T . ndX\ nuT q $T+ jT$T+q
du $T{ q mq& ndX\ >&TqT |{+ #TysT
HsT. =+<s ndX\ < es\T. du $T{
ndX\ m+ #<eTq V V q @ e k$T
X<q+<. jTq sJHe #jT | |]d
|{sT . $T{ | # q yTT+ {sTT+#sT.
k] L& deyX+ +&H $T{ s<T #XsT.
us se T+ ndX\ d++~+q n+X+MT<

l>$T
>+B @ $<y T q d #|< T . k$T X< q+< |+
eV+#& <T\T> jTq X< q+< esq n_e~
s< \ y| #s&T.
ndX| >+B <eT+ je yT*\T,
eT\T|\eTjT+. < \& +&<T . ys T <\ |. <&
#dq f #jT &+, +be&+, eTT+<T ]qf s +,
yq be+ ` yTT+ $Td . >+B CsTTr
+< ndX\T u$ks? <T . m u$ksT ? 1921
us se T+ neT\TMT< je<X + <w |{q |&T
n+<T ndX n+X |P]> s + #dq eTw
CsTTr +< ndX\T m qeT>\sT? { b \\
\ ds ~qT+ ndX ysD n+{ n eTTK
deTd eTTw 43 y\T e+ yTT>q |&X s *dH
Hsy& ndX\ >T]+ < +< m
nqT>\sT? ndXqT s*+#\q X ~ >+B
+f < k~+#{ 1924 # neX+ e+~.
dV jT ssD u>+> #d u \ qT Vw]+# e<
nq n+X+ MT< +> dTysT <Xy |+ > s +&T _s\
+< N* |sds+ <TyT bdT+Tq deTjT+
C\TqT+ $&T<q >+B y]esZ\ eT< d+~
|PqTH&T. sT| \qT d+w|{ = | b<q\T
#X&T. +> dT du + b+<& = ns\qT y{
d+#&T. H\T>D\ du sTdTeTT <T\T> @&~
s +&Ty\ >C\ K<s T e&\, $< edTe \T, sT\ T,
d, \T, _sT<T\T Vw]+#\ s + ... y{
Hsy s ysT +> dT #s& , +> dT s| q m
b{ #jT& nqsT\ |b~+#&T. n+<s
|HsT.
ndX es <e eTT+<T rdT
y { n~ eT+ neX+. @ V+<TyH +> dT du +
y\qT+f qT n+sH b{+#+ <
s|+#Ty\q ws T qT L& >+B d+ +f
n|{ |]d T n+<s n+^]+ +&ys... +{
Hsq T |T>*q keT \ysT d+ ndX
& +{ | jT$T+#Ty\ L& & #d +f
mes <q>*> ysT sT. s+ e&{ , |+#
Vcs\qT du ns\ +< |+#>* q >+B
\T#T+f |+#eTT& +{ | |Tb +> dT

15

du + s+&q & #jT >*> y&. >+B |


#jT <T . 1924 sT y sbT ndX s\q|
>+~ \< T . |\< T . jTq $TqH ndX\T
}s +& <T . eT V\qT yT k~+#Te{ ysT
d>V #|{ sT . |_ ue\qT+ sT rdTe{,
<y\j\ |yX ysT |\T# jTT<*
|j
+#sT. u+usTT |d& =u eTV<
|D+ |_ \eqsT qT+ sT rdTH VqT
k~+#& |< d>V + q&bsT. n> Hd
syT <y\jT+ V]qT\qT |y +#y\+
+ <eT+ yTT<+ ~. y\ d+K ndX\T M{
bZHsT. M{ | + |q\T <Xe T+{ esTy>sTT.
d>V Q q y~ jTer jTTe\L n> \ esZ\L
eT< |T sD m+<s ndX\T >jT|&sT . neeH\
>TsjsT. X+ u+>+ *+q n_j>+ MT<
#ik\ b\jsT.
d>VA<eT+ >dT |y T jT+ +&
d++ > ]+~. < sV+q ysT ndX\T.
eTT+<T+& q&|+qysT ndX\T. KsT\qT
u] +qys ndX. ys+<s >+B eT H
eT< T k& +#sT. m<T{y& eTqdTqT d#+ <+>
es+<T d>V jTT< |{+ < >+B {
ds+d+ _{wt |uT+| qT d>V
|j
+qf V +<e \ <TsV +s+| eT V\d+
eT d>V + #| { >+~ deT]+, eT n+&>
+{& ndX\T X |T HsT. >+~ eT< T
eb> ndX\ d>V re+> K+&+#&T.
sjT |\ es+> _{wt |uT+|
d>V jTT< mHksT |j
+q >+B ue\qT,
>T&T\qT ndX\ n+<TuT e&+d+
jTT< V+<Te\MT< mq& y&< T .
H |{q >+B #| q + jTT<+
|yd B. yTT+ 21 ksT jTq sVsBq T #|{ q T
#| +{sT. M{ = V+< ` eTTd+ k~+#
&, Xe TydT\T #dq nH \ bjT+ >
eT]=, |sH nH UB C b | |+#{ L&
d+<s + u+sTT |u T +MT< sXq B ~>&T.
21 |yk\ +f (sT ysTT 19e |J)

16

l>$T

<eeT
<e&T n# +& neTqT dw+#&T.
eT<sY <]k <e&T #dq neT. |&T eqy[
neTqT <eqT #d+~. eqe $T+q <e+
+&< #{q neT ... <e ... <eeT,
nq+ be&+ H bjT sTee&+
ndq |<]eT eT<sY qesT. |eT, |\]+|\
H#T s>T\ q J$ n++ #XsT.
eTqTw eT+q+ +<, |+#T+f n~ $Xy|+
neT+< |u~+q <]kqT dsTT+{ nq&+ H
eT<sY nq&yT u>T+T+~.
1998 <D ~HC|PsY |eTu+>
y uk ]q eTV. n|{ yT b& T |
D u<|&T+~. #T|\ y<T\
#|+#sT. qjT+ <T . mes #bsT. eT<sY <] k
b{ q {qT yT& ydT +f D ]bT+<.
y #|qf #d+~ y uk. +! =H
&T | D ]bsTT+~. {+ y\T>T
sD+ e H b&T| H=|>eq #T
|y +#& Hs #XqT. s H &T |H=|
bZ sTT+~ n uk #| +~. kH #d #d |\
+>H D <T ! n<T 2002 y{H #]
>T]++~.
2008 u <X+ e us TTH H H
k+~. neds+ > ds #j \ +f & +
we T y< T \T s]+#sT. y+H n& us #] y[
eT<sY <]kqT b]++~. q us ds neds+
+& #jT eT yTTs|T +~. &d+sY 9q ds
#jT & @s |Psj
sTT. qs dsH |swH
~jT sY y&T . y y >H |w+{ m+ V+>
+&& >eT+#&T. |> q m+{ H=| <
|w+{ #TTH&T. kH #d #d n& us TTH m&
H|H nq< |+#<T. n<T 2015
y{H >T]++~.
eT<sY <]kqT dsTT+{> e]q s+&T
n<T*$. y{H d{ seTH <* #] +<q \

| s+ eTVeT>\ @ d e k<T eH , k~H dsTT+{


VQ& VA<qT y\+f k<T e < k~ q
eTVeT\ sD+> d+ s+&T n<TH ]
+&*. eT<sY <] k J$+ q|&T yTqT m *$+>
dsTT+{ nHysT. #bsTTq sT y |+<=$T< yT
n~]+> dsTT+{ nHsT. 2015 d|+ sY 4q <] k
es+ sE eTT+<T yT eTVe (dsTT+{
VQ&) nH VA<qT euTqT b|t bdt
| { + #sT. s L& <] k keq qT\+<]
eT<sY <] k e#T eTTK+> e+ dsTT+{ <] k.
y< |]Cq+ |s +&T n<T\qT n+^]+#
be&+ nq~ yse. y{H <] k eTVeTqT
n~]+> >T]++~. ydy eT<sY <] k J$+
q \+ y< + $Cqs+>+ d + $dTu jT eTVeT\
H+{H yT q]#sT. nsTT ne L& eqy[|
yT #|q |eT |* +> d+u$ +q n<T\T.
z kjT++ <] k, yT dV jT\T \
M<T \ e#sT. y] q\T>TsT nu>T\T |+#sT.
y ] |]d eT <jT jT+> +~. sT d.
<]k ddsY #bsT. $T> eTT>TZ] C>>
#dT+&, HqT e <>sZ +{q. |eT d
#jT >*q+ #XsT <] k. $X+> yTqT eT+#+
MT< |&Tu{sT. yT eTTK+ n+<yTq qe
|++~. <] k # q #T rdT= <q y<\T
n+~. e. y+H yT #bsTT+~.
HH+ #jTbjqT. n #d +&
bjqT. HH q kq+ +& +f? H n+s
| ++~. +f ... H u<q T #| H<. *>
+<, #bTHq nH<. @< { #jT eT,
b&eT eT*><. yM qT #jT<T. @B
n&><T. #b L& ||\+> sTqeqT
|k ~++~ n H{ d+|T qqT q Hu |d + >+
>TsT #dT HsT eT<sY <] k.
q eTT> T Z ] eT> eTw L &
#bj&T. Xe rdT e#|{ n&T

l>$T
eTsDed H&T. q nejTe+ bD+ <V
y&T +&> n& #sT. u+ < n&
*dbsTT+~. |TH&T. nHeT+>
qT. <e < y THqT nH&T eT<sY #T
bD\T e<T\. #bjTeTT+<T n&T me] +~+#
<T ,<w+#< T , <w+#< T , me]qT b\Tq <T .
|qT & |+ #jT>*q X |eT
q|&T ... k{ eTw d+ sTqe |eT> eTq
|<e\| $ssTT+#e ? n n&>sT eT<s.Y n<
|d + >+ . . .
zk] eT<sY e<Xe ysT . =&T\T,
LT e<T\qT n& u<+> e~*+#T= y[
#\yTq T+~. VQX y eT *< + &T \qT @
e<Xe T+ #]+#y L& >TsT+ &b e#T. n&
e<T\ ks\ =<Te <T. q fH <T.
eTs+<TH ] eTTK+qT d+w+ <T . b<d e q+
\T|\ y| #d >&T |THsT. LsTH, q&TdTH ,
+TH, dTH #|\T e+ \T|\y| . . .
n&Tq ddsYqT n&>sT eT<sY. m+<T
y n HsT? m+<T \T|\y| #dTHsT?
m+<T ysT d+w+> sT ? y] eTTK+ q qy H
|PjT&+ <T m+<T? n n&>sT. # bTq y]
d + qeqT #dq u>X* HqT. n H m+<T
M d+ > sT ? n n&>sT. y <T, | sp
n+! LTs, =&T sbs? d| e{&
bs? n s+ X> m<TsT #dT+ {sT. sE\T,
H\\T >&T d+ {sTT, q_&\ T eTqT eT]be&+ M]
u~d + T+~ n #| +~ dds .Y |eT || + #+ sT|<
nsTTbsTT+<? eT<sY #q |&sT .
k] \ |+#<s =s @s&+~.
<]k sVdTq VAyT |\\ b\ *|
#+<T L& |+#<s <=s& + < m{ *d+<
H\T> |dy &T * + &T * y+uT e#&T. y
# |+#<s b+ +~. eT<sY XsyTd+~. @+
#| MT nusTT $TeT* & rdT e#&T n
n&>sT. eT&T sE\T> M&T b\ |+#<s
ydT e&+ <T n #| +~ *. q d+ yd |+#<sqT
$T* MT VAyT |\\ eTH&T n #b&T +&.

17

|dy & <>sZ rdTHsT eT<s.Y yT |sT |\&+


L& y& s<T. qT #jTe\d+~ @$T{
ejTdT nse T sTT+~!! q< |+#Ty\q #q
| , e&+ q q+< b+<+<T |j
T +#
ejTdT L& <~.
n+{< + d+|Tq ` m$T~eT+~
|\\ Tq V +<e T++ * qq&T +<
e eT< s Y # b & T . = sE\T> y
|dT \ T+THs y<q #+<&T. y+H _jT+ eT
n& ysT <] k. |\\ <<q T | |* dTH sTT.
+{$& m+ _jT+ rdT s+&T
deTu>\T #d+ ~. u> d+ ydT jT
y[+ ~. n+ V&e&> m& ye? n n&>sT
eT<s.Y y L& * HsT n+~ yT. y+H
eT<sY ns+ <T . yT #b+~ bsT>Tq q eTTd+
T++ >T]+, eT<sY q _jT+ d>+ y
e+~. kjT++ eT<sY eT _jT+ rdT < T .
|+#Te&+ q+< y $T>\e&+ eT<sY
HjT eT|++~. *q T+ \_+q |eT |\\
>+TdT H sT. |eT $<+ > +{qT+# yTT<T+~.
+{qT+ +{, eTwqT+ eTw $Xy|+
neT+~.
rj T +> | \ T ] +# + s T qeqT
\]+#&+ L& |eTqT |+#Te&yT. s|s|
&TTq J$+q X\T s|T+~ |eT n eT<sY
qeT+. < k< +? n n&>sT nyT]H b|d s T .
y+ nyT] yssT jTe]{\qT+
eqysT. \ $Twq VAyT\T d+<]+ #+<T
e#sT. ] ye TT+<T >T sT+ #TH e #| +&
eT<sY n n&>sT. eT<sY #bsT ]=sT
m<TsT|&q|&T qe |\]+#T+&. d+
qeeTTK+ #dT+&. +<T k< + be&
@MT <T. T+ duT\ bjT+> e{&+&.
jT L& n< nyeT+~. n|&T || + #yT
T+eTT+~. qeTqT #XsT b|d s T . <e &
|eTqT L& s# T eTq+ n> qeTqT #k+ n
n+{sT eT<s.Y

18

l>$T

<] | q |]X<q
u<q , |]X<q ` $X$<\j\ s+&T
e+{$. $<qT $Xy|+#d w u>+> HDyTq
#<T eqT deTs+ > n+~+#&+ j d+d\ u< . eTq
<X+ $X$<\j\ k|q |sD q$ _H
|s ,Y +_& e+{ d+d\ T. b]X$T $|y H+~>
|<VsT, |~V& Xu $wsD\T Xd, k+
s+>\ m+ &T q+~+#sTT. +>+ &, s, b H,
d&H, ds+& ~s sb <X yTT<q Xd $Cq
|> H&T nyT], = dj <X\ n_e~ sDyT+ ~.
|| + #+ nH <X\T d] <s+>H Xd, k+
s+> n>> eTT\T> m<>\ |j
T dTH sTT. $<y T q
Xk_e~ $X$<j\T #dTq w mq~.
|]X<q\qT ~>TD+ #jT&+, = $wsD\
&T n+~+#&+ q $<d+d\ T || + #eT+{
|eTTK b bwdTHsTT. eqe $d |]DeTeT+
q $< d+d\ b eTsTe~. eTq <X+
$X$<\j |]X<q \T @ $<+ > k>TTHj >eTd
sX $T>T\TT+~.
ns=s de#s+ ` $X$<\j |]X<q \T
de T+> s>T >T Hj < \TdTe& |j >|&
dN, n$ VA]+# &s{ &^\T. B <s $X
$<\j @ ksTT |]X<q\T s>TTHj
\TdTe#T. , <X+ n $X$<\j\T *| m
|V#Y&\T |<q+ #XjTq <| deT>yTq >D+
de#s ~ (&{ ud)t @MT <T . =+\+ se
nkdjT wH |t +&jT H jTe]{dt (@jT) d+d
sV++~. B| yT q de#s+ @MT <T . <X+
n $X $<\j\T *| d+es dTesT> |~
qT+ |~VqT y\< |V#Y&\T eT+psT #dTqT
\Tk+~. TqT >eT+q H|u H { jTd n~
d+d X< >+> nH bs <s <X+ $X$<\j
deT]+q &s { &^\ d++~+q d<+ >+ <\qT
(Bddt) &{ u+> sVk+~. H|uH{ d+d
se #|{ q 1991 qT+, H{e s bs #]q
d<+ >+ <\ d+K 3,352. H{e s me &^\T |< q+
#dq yTT<{ |~ d+d +<, nH, y, ms, d ,t
>T\sZ, us<dH, s, *{ $X$<\j\T HsTT.
bs eT de#s |+|dT q $X$<j\T

` #s <{ $jTqse
# e. n+<Te\ > s+&Tqs <Xu\qT+ +<
sVdTH , n+<TuT eq de#s+ n e.
|]X<q s+& n+X+ |]X<q b\
d++~+q~. $X$<\j n<|\T u<q,
|]X<q\ esZ<s+ bT>, |]X<q b\qT
sVd+ {sT. m me b\ T, m+ $\Te>*qZ $
+f n+ b#Ts+ \_dT+~. k<sD+> |]X<q
b \ qT j T d , j T dt sY , & j T dt { , & _ { ,
djTdtjTdtsY, ~s CrjT ksTT d+d\T eT+psT
#d + {sTT. = +< |u T eT+ XK\ |]X<q
b\ <T \T ksTT. |]Xe T\T, s=s{ esZ\T y]
neds\qT { $X $<\j\ |]X<q <T\T
n+<Ck sTT. CrjT ksTT jTdtd, {m|t sY e+{
d + d \ T $< y T q < T \H e T s b\qT
kd+ {sTT. $X$<\j\ $wj ed, nedsy T q
<T <T X+yTH n+<T uT +&<T . {, <ojT
$X$<\j\ HD, ksTT |s>\+f |]X<q b\ |
<w k]+#* +T+~.
eT& n+X+ ` |]X<q |\ |#TsD.
$X$<\j |]X<q \T sT>TTHjTq& |\
|#TsD >TsT. CrjT, n+srjT | (s) m
|]X<q |\T |# T ]d n+ ]. <X+ |]X<q |\
d+U|s+> #d, eT<\+ 10`15X+ es
|sT>T<\ qy<e+~. 2009 qT+ 2014 es us
XdE
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~ || + # d>f q 4.1 +f # n~e T mde sY |# T sD
d+d #+~q k|dt +& $u>+ *jTCd+ ~.
us XdE
\ |\ df w q T || + #+ yTT+ 3.4 X+
ey T . B{ eTq+ ydH sH eTT+<THeT
nse Te+~.
Xd |]X<q \ $wjT + us $<d+d\ ksTT,
HD >DjT+> |s>*q neds+ +~. w
|D[<+> sVd | |*\T Xq+>,
d+| s + > +&e. n<| \T, |]X< \T, $< d+d\ T,
|]X< d+d\ T, |u T \T = ]w n+X\| X< eV+
eT eT ksTT q #s \T rdTy*. |d T + neT\eTq
u<q , |]X<q \>*| q |]d qT+ qq+> e\+
|]X<q\|H <w k]+# $<+>, n< |<q y|+>

l>$T

19

+& $<+> = $X$<\j\ s|sK\T es*.


Te+{ $X$<\j\ &T> CrjT |]X<q
d+dq dmdtsY, &sY&z e+{ y{ u>keT+
@ss#*. |_ |y{ u>keT+ >, |y{ { >,
y+#sY | dbsT > y{ n+~+#e#T. $<+>
|]X<q\ qq se& *+#e#T. C jTd
|{ = X\\T, $X$<\j\qT d+sY |t
mH> >T]+ | ] dVjT+ n+~k+~. yTT+
eed ~ nsTT<T XyTH +&<T. ]w \+
#|<q |> k~+#\+f |]X<q s+>+| |
X< eV+#e\d+<.
|j>+> $< ` $X$<\j |]X<q\ HD
| s > \+f $<s T \ qT u< q , | ] X< q y|
jo\+ #j*. |dT+ $d+> neT\T q {
$<q+ $&H& nyT] e+{ <X\T nqTd]dTq djT+
D esZ m+#Ty*. n<|&T esZ<]>H |,

+ u~+# |]s+> ess<T. $<sT |]o*+#


, ] +# < s D | +b+~+#*. k s TT
ne>Vq b<q+ *+#*. #<Te XdjTqT
C&+#*. n \D \T $<] n\e& $<+ > bs+X\qT
d+d]+#*. sEq u<q+ d<+|s+>H
k>T+~ |, |j> |s beTTK+ ZbsTT+~.
bsX\ ksTTqT+ X\, $X$<\j\ ksTT es
|j>X\\ beTTK+ |s>*. nqTue|PsyTq<
ndq $< nH <sD |*. $X$<\j |]X<q
|eD\qT s]+#+<T +B d+dqT @sT
#j*. ||+#+ n_e~ #+~q <X\ q&TeT $Cq
+<+> \&\+f, nsTe #Tq k+ |]Cq+,
eek ds|+, sVD |<T\T @e d]be. @
<XyTH q<q $CH |+b+~+#Ty*. < <X
ke, k+d d+|< |H~ y*. |H<T\
<s+>H qq ueC. sVD |<T\qT
]+#*. n+<Td+ q&T+{*q deTjT$T<.

(15e |J sTysTT){L & ndX =\+|q


< ++~ <T. V]qT\ \jT |y X 1933 >+~
s +&T <e\T #|{ &T . yTT<{~ ` >TsTyjTsY >T&
V]qT\qT nqTeT+#\ s~. |H B>
V]qT\ >TsTyjTsY \jT+ \T|\T sT eb
eTsD B kkq >+~ u~]+#&T. |{q >&T e r]
13 @ nsTT+~ |{ >TsTyjTsY >T& ndX\
|y X + <T . bj|yX + #kqq >+B }d m < T .
d+ d# s Y V]qT\ \jT |y X d++~+q
_\T $wjT eT n+. >+B >essT qsq T \e+|{
_\T nqTeT |+#&T. #du <
\|sT kq #| q +> dT V+< zsT >V ksq
sD+ yq bsTT+~. >+B n+<T nH+ @B
q&< T . || #T +> dT #d+ < ds q < yq dT=#&T.
>+B ndX\ $T+ #|{ q s +& <eT+
V]H de d+| 1933 k|+ #+. ndX\qT

V+< deyT nq #sT y] u>>T\qT


#dT+ < #{ B <Xe T+{ yTT<{ + #&T.
< +q Xj @ { <e\ Hsy s < T . $T>
neds\ T $syTysT, V]q de
d+| q $s\T yTT+ *| 8 \\ T. n~ m+<TL
=i><T. >+B d+w|{ n&b<&b mes
<\T $~ $s+ MT< <s|& de d+|tT
HeTe+ > T &TdTq ~. d+|T yTHyT+T
ndX\ #T <T . <j <s n+>s _#>
ksTT y] ~>CssT. |{q u+N\ eT|& V]H
de d+|T + |sT ey T $T*+~. <TsT<X + |{q
d+d> H ndX\T < #ksT . >+B qeT>*q
deTjT+ + s<T. ndX\T eT eTT
b&Ty\+f >+B H&T C> nH nqTy*.(What
the Congress and Gandhi have done to the Untouchables,
B.R.Ambedkar)

s#sTT\ d$T

|H\ s+&e ~ys+ <jT+ >+ 10.30 .\ >$T WVq s#sTT\qT


bV+#& s#sTT\ d$T sVk+~. @ |jTHH s#q\T #jT<\qysT | deyX+
bZ y] s#q\qT $|+#e#TqT. bV+#& eyT >T d#q\T #jT&sTT, y
<jT#d $eTs\T> d]+#s<T. nqTueE\T deyX+ bZ qes >T d#q\eeT
Vq+ |\TTH+ ` d+b<\T

20

l>$T

RNI. NO: APTEL 2009/30947 POSTAL REG NO : H/RMY/79/2016-18, EDITED, PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY DR. BVS MURTY
102, MOONLIGHTS, J.N.ROAD, RAJAHMUNDRY - 3, PH : 9866290025, E-mail : bulusuvsmurty@gmail.com, Blog: kalagowtami.wordpress.com
If undelivered please return to

SRIKALAGOWTAMI
102, MOONLIGHTS, J.N.ROAD, RAJAHMUNDRY - 3,
EAST GODAVARI DISTRICT, A.P.

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