Chapter 9 Mitosis and Meiosis

1. What is a centromere? Sister Chromatids? Centrioles?

a. Centromere: region where two sister chromatids are joined
tightly together

i.
b. Sister chromatids: one of a pair of identical chromosomes
created before a cell divides
c. Centrioles: located inside of centrosomes
i. Centrosomes: where the spindle microtubules grow
from

ii.
2. What occurs during interphase?
a. Interphase: stage of the cell cycle during which a cell
carries out its metabolic processes and performs its
functions in the body
i. The cell may spend as much as 90 percent of the cell
cycle in interphase.
ii. Interphase is the stage during which a cell carries out
its metabolic processes and performs its functions.
iii. For example, a cell in your stomach lining might be
making and releasing enzyme molecules that help
digest your food.
iv. During interphase, a cell increases its supply of

proteins, increases the number of many of its

organelles (such as mitochondria and ribosomes),
and grows in size.
v. Interphase also includes cellular functions leading up
to cell division.
1. One key event is the duplication of the DNA in
the cell's chromosomes. T
2. his period is called the S phase (S stands for
DNA synthesis).
3. The interphase periods before and after the S
phase are called the G1 and G2 phases (G
stands for gap).
4. During the G2 phase, each duplicated
chromosome remains loosely packed as
chromatin fibers.
5. The cell is now ready to begin mitosis.