BÀI TẬP HÓA HỌC 10

CHUYN 1.
NGUYN T
BI TP LUYN TP
PHN 1. BI TP T LUN
DNG 0: LM QUEN V CC KHI NIM
Bi 1. Nguyn t khi ca neon l 20,179. Hy tnh khi lng ca mt nguyn t neon theo kg.
Bi 2. Bit rng khi lng mt nguyn t oxi nng gp 15,842 ln v khi lng ca nguyn t
cacbon 12C nng gp 11,9059 ln khi lng ca nguyn t hiro. Hi nu chn 1/12 khi lng
nguyn t cacbon 12C lm n v th H, O c nguyn t khi l bao nhiu?
Bi 3. Hy cho bit s n v in tch ht nhn, s proton, s ntron v s electron ca cc
nguyn t c k hiu sau y
a)
b)
Hon thnh bng bng sau
ng v
S n v in tch ht nhn
3
S P
3
S N
4
S E
3
ng v
S n v in tch ht nhn
S P
S N
S E
Bi 4. Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca bc bng 107,02 ln nguyn t khi ca hiro. Nguyn t
khi ca hiro bng 1,0079. Tnh nguyn t khi ca bc.
DNG 1 : TON V NG V NGUYN T

Bi 5. Cc nguyn t A, B, C, D, E c s proton v s ntron ln lt nh sau:
A: 28 proton v 31 ntron.
B: 18 proton v 22 ntron.
C: 28 proton v 34 ntron.
D: 29 proton v 30 ntron.
E: 26 proton v 30 ntron.
-1-
Hi nhng nguyn t no l nhng ng v ca cng mt nguyn t v nguyn t l

nguyn t g?
Bi 6. Cho hai ng v hiro vi t l % s nguyn t :
(99,984%),
(0,016%) v hai ng
v ca clo l
(75,53%),
(24,47%).
a) Tnh nguyn t khi trung bnh ca mi nguyn t.
b) C th c bao nhiu loi phn t HCl khc nhau c to nn t cc loi ng v cho.
c) Tnh phn t khi gn ng ca mi loi phn t ni trn.
Hng dn: tm ra nguyn t khi trung bnh ca mt nguyn t ta p dng cng thc :
=
trong
A1, A2, A3 l s khi ca cc ng v 1, 2, 3

x1, x2, x3 l % s nguyn t ca cc ng v 1, 2, 3
hoc
trong
A1, A2, A3 l s khi ca cc ng v 1, 2, 3

x1, x2, x3 l s nguyn t ca cc ng v 1, 2, 3
Bi 7. Ngt X c 2 ng v , t l s ngt ca ng v 1, ng v 2 l 31 : 19. ng v 1 c 51p, 70n

v ng v th 2 hn ng v 1 l 2 ntron. Tm ngt khi trung bnh ca X ?
Bi 8. Clo co hai ong v la
. T le so nguyen t cua hai
ong v nay la 3 : 1. Tnh nguyen t lng trung bnh cua Clo.

Bi 9. Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca ng bng 63,546. ng tn ti trong t nhin di hai dng
ng v
v
. Tnh t l % s nguyn t ng
tn ti trong t nhin.
Bi 10. Bit rng nguyn t Agon c ba ng v khc nhau, ng vi s khi 36, 38 v A. Phn trm
cc ng v tng ng ln lt bng: 0,34%; 0,06% v 99,6%. Tnh s khi A ca ng v th ba,
bit rng nguyn t khi trung bnh ca agon bng 39,98.
Bi 11. Nguyn t Mg c ba ng v ng 24Mg, 25Mg, 26Mg vi thnh phn phn trm trong t
nhin ln lt l 78,6%; 10,1%; 11,3%.
a. Tnh nguyn t khi trung bnh ca Mg.
b. Gi s trong mt lng Mg c 50 nguyn t 25Mg, th s nguyn t tng ng ca hai ng v
cn li l bao nhiu?
DNG 3. CU HNH ELECTRON NGUYN T V ION

Cu hnh electron nguyn t biu din s phn b e trn cc phn lp thuc cc lp khc nhau.
-2-
Quy c cch vit cu hnh e nguyn t:

-
s th t lp e c vit bng cc ch s (1, 2, 3..)
phn lp c k hiu bng cc ch ci thng (s, p, d, f).
s e dc ghi bng ch s pha trn, bn phi k hiuca phn lp ( s2, p2..).

Cch vit cu hnh electron nguyn t:
Xc inh s electron ca nguyn t.
Cc electron c phn b theo th t tng dn cc mc nng lng AO, theo cc nguyn

l v quy tc phn b electron trong nguyn t. Theo s cc mc nng lng sau:
1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p 5s 4d 5p 6s 4f 5d 6p 7s ...
Bi 12. Cho bit tn, k hiu, s hiu nguyn t ca

a) 2 nguyn t c s electron lp ngoi cng ti a.
b) 2 nguyn t c 2 electron lp ngoi cng.
c) 2 nguyn t c 7 electron lp ngoi cng.
d) 2 nguyn t c 2 electron c thn trng thi c bn.
Bi 13. Vit cu hnh eletron y cho cc nguyn c lp electron ngoi cng l
a. 2s1.
b. 2s 2p.
c. 2s 2p6.
d. 3s 3p.
Bi 14. Hy vit cu hnh electron ca cc nguyn t c s hiu nguyn t Z = 20, Z = 21,
Z = 22, Z = 24, Z = 29 v xc nh s electron c thn ca mi nguyn t.
Lm bi bng cch hon thnh bng sau:
Z
20
21
22
24
29
Cu hnh electron
S phn b electron phn lp ngoi cng S e c thn
Bi 16. Hy vit cu hnh electron cc nguyn t sau v cho bit s lp, s electron lp ngoi
cng, s electron phn lp ngoi cng ca cc nguyn t H, Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg, C, Si, O.
Lm bi bng cch hon thnh bng sau :
Nguyn t
Cu hnh electron
H
Li
Na
K
Ca
Mg
C
Si
-3-
S lp
S electron...........ngoi cng
Lp
Phn lp
O
Bi 17. Nguyn t ca nguyn t Y c tng s electron cc phn lp p l 11. Hy vit cu hnh
electron ca nguyn t Y.
Bi 18. Nguyn t nguyn t X c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 4s 1. Xc nh cu hnh
electron ca X.
Bi 19. Nguyn t Fe c Z = 26. Hy vit cu hnh elctron ca Fe. Vit cu hnh electron ca cc
ion Fe2+ v Fe3+.
Bi 20. Vit cu hnh electron ca ion K+, Cr3+, Cr2+, Pb2+
Bi 21. Vit cu hnh electron ca ion F (Z = 9) v Cl (Z = 17) v cho bit cc ion c c im
g?
DNG 3. BI TON HT
Bi 22. Bit tng s ht p, n, e trong mt nguyn t l 155. S ht mang in nhiu hn s ht
khng mang in l 33 ht. Tnh s khi ca nguyn t.
Bi 23. Tng s ht proton, ntron, electron trong nguyn t l 28, trong s ht khng mang
in chim xp x 35% tng s ht. Tnh s ht mi loi v vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn t.
Bi 24. Oxit Y c cng thc M2O. Tng s ht c bn(p,n,e) trong B l 92, trong s ht mang
in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 28. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca Y bit rng ZO = 8
-4-
Bi 25. Mt nguyn t R c tng s ht mang in v khng mang in l 34, trong s ht

mang in gp 1,833 ln s ht khng mang in. Xc nh R v vit cu hnh electron ca R
Bi 26. Nguyn t ca mt nguyn t X c tng s ht c bn 21 ht. Xc nh v vit cu hnh electron
nguyn t ca X
Bi 27. Nguyn t ca mt nguyn t Y c tng s ht c bn 13 ht. Xc nh v vit cu hnh electron
nguyn t ca Y
PHN 2. BI TP TRC NGHIM

Cu 1: Ht nhn ca hu ht cc nguyn t do cc loi ht sau cu to nn
A. electron, proton v ntron
B. electron v ntron
C. proton v ntron
D. electron v proton
Cu 2: Mt nguyn t c c trng c bn bng

A. S proton v in tch ht nhn B. S proton v s electron
C. S khi A v s ntron
D. S khi A v in tch ht nhn
Cu 3: Nguyn t ha hc bao gm cc nguyn t:

A. C cng s khi A
B. C cng s proton
C. C cng s ntron
D. C cng s proton v s ntron
Cu 4: iu khng nh no sau y l sai ?

A. Ht nhn nguyn t c cu to nn bi cc ht proton, electron, ntron.
B. Trong nguyn t s ht proton bng s ht electron.
C. S khi A l tng s proton (Z) v tng s ntron (N).
D. Nguyn t c cu to nn bi cc ht proton, electron, ntron.
Cu 5: Pht biu no sau y khng ng?
A. Nguyn t c cu to t cc ht c bn l p, n, e.
B. Nguyn t c cu trc c kht, gm v nguyn t v ht nhn nguyn t.
C. Ht nhn nguyn t cu to bi cc ht proton v ht ntron.
D. V nguyn t c cu to t cc ht electron.
Cu 6: Mnh no sau y khng ng ?
(1) S in tch ht nhn c trng cho 1 nguyn t.
(2) Ch c ht nhn nguyn t oxi mi c 8 proton.
(3) Ch c ht nhn nguyn t oxi mi c 8 ntron.
(4) Ch c trong nguyn t oxi mi c 8 electron.
-5-
A. 3 v 4
B. 1 v 3
C. 4
D. 3
Cu 7: Chn cu pht biu sai :

1.
Trong mt nguyn t lun lun c s prtn = s electron = s in tch ht nhn
2.
Tng s prton v s electron trong mt ht nhn gi l s khi
3.
S khi A l khi lng tuyt i ca nguyn t
4.
S prton =in tch ht nhn
5.
ng v l cc nguyn t c cng s prton nhng khc nhau v s ntron

A. 2,4,5
B. 2,3
Cu 8: Cho ba nguyn t c k hiu l
C. 3,4
,
D. 2,3,4
. Pht biu no sau y l sai ?
A.S ht electron ca cc nguyn t ln lt l: 12, 13, 14

B.y l 3 ng v.
C.Ba nguyn t trn u thuc nguyn t Mg.
D.Ht nhn ca mi ngt u c 12 proton.
Cu 9: Chn cu pht biu sai:
A. S khi bng tng s ht p v n
B. Tng s p v s e c gi l s khi
C. Trong 1 nguyn t s p = s e = in tch ht nhn
D. S p bng s e
Cu 10: Nguyn t
c :
A. 13p, 13e, 14n.
B. 13p, 14e, 14n.
C. 13p, 14e, 13n.
D. 14p, 14e, 13n.
Cu 11: Nguyn t canxi c k hiu l
. Pht biu no sau y sai ?
A. Nguyn t Ca c 2electron lp ngoi cng.
B. S hiu nguyn t ca Ca l 20.
C. Canxi th 20 trong bng tun hon.
D. Tng ht c bn ca canxi l 40.
Cu 12: Cp pht biu no sau y l ng:

1. Obitan nguyn t l vng khng gian quanh ht nhn, xc sut hin din ca electron l rt
ln ( trn 90%).
2. m my electron khng c ranh gii r rt cn obitan nguyn t c ranh gii r rt.
3. Mi obitan nguyn t cha ti a 2 electron vi chiu t quay ging nhau.
-6-
4. Trong cng mt phn lp, cc electron s c phn b trn cc obitan sao cho cc electron c
thn l ti a v cc electron phi c chiu t quay khc nhau.
5. Mi obitan nguyn t cha ti a 2 electron vi chiu t quay khc nhau.
A. 1,3,5.
B. 3,2,4.
C. 3,5, 4.
D.1,2,5.
Cu 13: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht l 40 .Tng s ht mang in nhiu hn tng

s ht khng mang in l 12 ht .Nguyn t X c s khi l :
A. 27
B. 26
C. 28
D. 23
Cu 14: Trong nguyn t mt nguyn t A c tng s cc loi ht l 58. Bit s ht p t hn s ht

n l 1 ht. K hiu ca A l
A.
B.
C.
D.
Cu 15: Tng cc ht c bn trong mt nguyn t l 155 ht. Trong s ht mang in nhiu hn

s ht khng mang in l 33 ht. S khi ca nguyn t l
A. 119
B. 113
C. 112
D. 108
Cu 16: Tng cc ht c bn trong mt nguyn t l 82 ht. Trong s ht mang in nhiu hn

s ht khng mang in l 22 ht. S khi ca nguyn t l
A. 57
B. 56
C. 55
D. 65
Cu 17: Ngt ca nguyn t Y c cu to bi 36 ht .Trong ht nhn, ht mang in bng s ht

khng mang in.
1/ S n v in tch ht nhn Z l :
A. 10
B. 11
C. 12
D.15
C. 25
D. 27
2/ S khi A ca ht nhn l :
A . 23
B. 24
Cu 18: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht c bn l 49, trong s ht khng mang in

bng 53,125% s ht mang in.in tch ht nhn ca X l:
A. 18
B. 17
C. 15
D. 16
Cu 19: Nguyn t nguyn t X c cu to bi 36 ht, trong s ht mang

in gp i s ht khng mang in. in tch ht nhn ca X l:
A. 10
B. 12
C. 15
D. 18
Cu 20: Nguyn t ca mt nguyn t c 122 ht p,n,e. S ht mang in trong nhn t hn s ht

khng mang in l 11 ht. S khi ca nguyn t trn l:
-7-
A. 122
B. 96
C. 85
D. 74
Cu 21: Nguyn t X c tng s ht p,n,e l 52 v s khi l 35. S hiu nguyn t ca X l

A. 17
B. 18
C. 34
D. 52
Cu 22: Nguyn t X c tng s ht p, n, e l 28 ht. K hiu nguyn t ca X l

A.
B.
C.
D.
Cu 23: Tng s ht proton, ntron, electron trong nguyn t ca mt nguyn

t l 13. S khi ca nguyn t l:
A. 8
B. 10
C. 11
D. Tt c
sai
Cu 24: Tng s ht mang in trong ion AB 43- l 50. S ht mang in trong nguyn t A nhiu
hn s ht mang in trong ht nhn nguyn t B l 22. S hiu nguyn t A, B ln lt l:
A. 16 v 7
B. 7 v 16
C. 15 v 8
D. 8 v 15
Cu 25: Trong phn t M2X c tng s ht p,n,e l 140, trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s
ht khng mang in l 44 ht. S khi ca M ln hn s khi ca X l 23. Tng s ht p,n,e trong
nguyn t M nhiu hn trong nguyn t X l 34 ht. CTPT ca M2X l:
A. K2O
B. Rb2O
C. Na2O
D. Li2O
Cu 26: Trong phn t MX2 c tng s ht p,n,e bng 164 ht, trong s ht mang in nhiu
hn s ht khng mang in l 52 ht. S khi ca nguyn t M ln hn s khi ca nguyn t X
l 5. Tng s ht p,n,e trong nguyn t M ln hn trong nguyn t X l 8 ht. Tng s ht p,n,e
trong nguyn t M ln hn trong nguyn t X l 8 ht. S hiu nguyn t ca M l:
A. 12
B. 20
C. 26
D. 9
Cu 27: nh ngha v ng v no sau y ng:

A. ng v l tp hp cc nguyn t c cng s ntron, khc nhau s prton.
B. ng v l tp hp cc nguyn t c cng s ntron, khc nhau s prton
C. ng v l tp hp cc nguyn t c cng s prton, khc nhau s ntron
D. ng v l tp hp cc nguyn t c cng s proton, khc nhau s ntron
Cu 28: Trong dy k hiu cc nguyn t sau, dy no ch cng mt nguyn t ha hc:
A. 6A 14 ; 7B 15
Cu 29: Oxi c 3 ng v
B.
O,
O,
C16; 8D 17; 8E 18
C.
G56;
26
F56
27
D. 10H20 ; 11I 22
O s kiu phn t O2 c th to thnh l:

-8-
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
Cu 30: Trong t nhin H c 3 ng v: 1H, 2H, 3H. Oxi c 3 ng v 16O, 17O, 18O. Hi c bao
nhiu loi phn t H2O c to thnh t cc loi ng v trn:
A. 3
B. 16
C. 18
Cu 31: Nit trong thin nhin l hn hp gm hai ng v l
D. 9
(99,63%) v
(0,37%).
Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca nit l

A. 14,7
B. 14,0
C. 14,4
D. 13,7
Cu 32: Mot nguyen t co Z la 14 th nguyen t o co ac iem

sau:
A. So obitan con trong trong lp vo la 1.
C. So obitan trong la
6.
B. So electron oc than la 2.
Cu 33: Nguyn t Cu c hai ng v bn l
63,54. T l % ng v
D. A, B eu ung.
v
. Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca Cu l
ln lt l
A. 70% v 30%
B. 27% v 73%
C. 73% v 27%
D. 64%v 36 %
Cu 34: Khi lng nguyn t trung bnh ca Brm l 79,91. Brm c hai ng
v, trong ng v
35
Br79 chim 54,5%. Khi lng nguyn t ca ng v
th hai s l:
A. 77
B. 78
C. 80
D. 81
Cu 35: Nguyn t Bo c 2 ng v 11B (x1%) v 10B (x2%), ngt khi trung bnh ca Bo l 10,8.
Gi tr ca x1% l:
A. 80%
B. 20%
C. 10,8%
D. 89,2%
Cu 36: Mt nguyn t X c s hiu nguyn t Z =19. S lp electron trong nguyn t X l

A. 4
B. 5
C. 3
D. 6
Cu 37: Nguyn t ca nguyn t nhm c 13e v cu hnh electron l 1s 22s22p63s23p1. Kt lun

no sau y ng ?
A. Lp electron ngoi cng ca nhm c 3e.
B. Lp electron ngoi cng ca nhm c 1e.
-9-
C. Lp L (lp th 2) ca nhm c 3e.

D. Lp L (lp th 2) ca Al c 3e hay ni cch khc l lp electron ngoi cng ca Al c 3e.
Cu 38: trng thi c bn, nguyn t ca nguyn t c s hiu bng 7 c my electron c
thn ?
A. 3
B. 5
C. 2
D. 1
Cu 39: Mc nng lng ca cc electron trn cc phn lp s, p, d thuc cng mt lp c xp

theo th t :
A. d < s < p.
B. p < s < d.
C. s < p < d.
D. s < d < p.
Cu 40: Cc nguyn t c Z 20, tho mn iu kin c 2e c thn lp ngoi cng l

A. Ca, Mg, Na, K
B. Ca, Mg, C, Si
C. C, Si, O, S
D. O, S, Cl, F
Cu 41: Nguyn t M c cu hnh electron ca phn lp ngoi cng l 3d 7. Tng s electron ca

nguyn t M l:
A. 24
B. 25
C. 27
D. 29
Cu 42: Electron cui cng mt nguyn t M in vo phn lp 3d3. S electron ha tr ca M l

A. 3
B. 2
C. 5
D.4
Cu 43: Mt nguyn t X c tng s electron cc phn lp s l 6 v tng s electron lp ngoi

cng l 6. Cho bit X thuc v nguyn t ho hc no sau y?
A. Oxi (Z = 8)
B. Lu hunh (Z = 16) C. Flo (Z = 9)
D. Clo (Z = 17)
Cu 44: Mt ngt X c tng s e cc phn lp p l 11. Hy cho bit X thuc v nguyn t ho

hc no sau y?
A. nguyn t s.
B. nguyn t p.
C. nguyn t d.
D. nguyn t f.
Cu 45: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s electron trong cc phn lp p l 7. Nguyn t ca

nguyn t Y c tng s ht mang in nhiu hn tng s ht mang in ca X l 8. X v Y l
A. Al v Br
B. Al v Cl
C. Mg v Cl
D. Si v Br.
Cu 46: Nguyn t nguyn t X c e cui cng in vo phn lp 3p 1. Nguyn t

nguyn t Y c e cui cng in vo phn lp 3p3. S proton ca X, Y ln lt l:
A. 13 v 15
B. 12 v 14
C. 13 v 14
D. 12 v 15
Cu 47: Electron cui cng ca nguyn t nguyn t X phn b vo phn lp

3d6. X l
A. Zn
B. Fe
C. Ni
D. S
Cu 48: Mt nguyn t X c 3 lp. trng thi c bn, s electron ti a trong lp M l:

-10-
A. 2
B. 8
C. 18
D. 32
-11-
CHUYN 2.
BNG TUN HON NH LUT TUN HON
TM TT L THUYT
I/ Nguyen tac sap xep cac ngto trong BTH : 3 nguyen tac
Theo chieu ien tch hat nhan tang dan
Nguyen t co cung so lp e xep thanh 1 hang ( chu ky)
Nguyen t co cung so e hoa tr xep thanh 1 cot ( nhom )
Bang tuan hoan co 7 chu k ( 3 chu k nho; 4 chu k ln) ; 8 nhom ,
18 cot gom 8 nhom A; 8 nhom B (10 cot).
II/ Cau tao bang tuan hoan:
1.Chu k: la day cac ngto ma ngt cua chung co cung so lp e,
c xep theo chieu
ien tch hat nhan tang dan.
So th t chu k ng vi so lp e
Chu k 1 ch co 2 nguyen to ( H va He)
Chu k 7 cha ay u
Cac chu k con lai; ;moi chu k eu bat au bang 1 kim loai kiem,
cham dt bang 1 kh tr (kh hiem)
So e lp ngoai cung tang dan t 1 en 8
2.Nhom va khoi
- Nhom ngto la tap hp cac ngto ma ngt co cau hnh e tng
t nhau, do o co tnh chat hoa hoc gan giong nhau va c xep
thanh 1 cot.
- Ngt cac ngto trong cung 1 nhom co so electron hoa tr bang
nhau va bang so th t cua nhom.
So ehoa tr = so engoai cung + so e phan lp sat ngoai cung cha bao hoa.
Nhom A la ngto s, p. Nhom B la ngto d, f.
So th t nhom A = so e ngoai cung.
-12-
So th t nhom B = e hoa tr
Co 18 cot c chia thanh 8 nhom A va 8 nhom B; moi nhom la 1
cot rieng nhom VIIIB co 3 cot
- Khoi:
Khoi cac nguyen to s ( nhom IA ; IIA)
Khoi cac nguyen to p ( nhom IIIA en VIIIA)
Khoi cac nguyen to d va khoi cac nguyen to f
Nhom
Oxyt cao nhat
II
R2O RO
III
R 2O
IV
VI
RO2
R2O5 RO3
VII
VIII
R2O7
Hp chat kh
Hp chat
RH4 RH3 RH2 RH

vi H
ran
Hoa tr cao nhat vi oxi + hoa tr so hidro( cua phi kim) =8
III. S bien oi tuan hoan tnh chat cua cac nguyen to
1. Tnh kim loai, phi kim
Tnh kim loai cua nguyen to la kha nang nhng electron cua
nguyen t nguyen to e tr thanh ion dng
Tnh phi kim la kha nang thu electron cua nguyen t cua nguyen to
e tr thanh ion am.
2. Ban knh cong hoa tr, ban knh ion.
a. Ban knh cong hoa tr
Ban knh cong hoa tr cua mot nguyen to bang khoang cach
gia hat nhan 2 nguyen t cua mot nguyen to tao nen lien ket
cong hoa tr
Vd: H H d = 0,74
Cl Cl d = 1,998
; rH = 0,37
; rCl = 0,99
b.Ban knh ion:

S tach bi electron ra khoi nguyen t e tr thanh ion dng kem
theo s giam ban knh
-13-
S thu them electron vao nguyen t e tr thanh ion am luon theo

s tang ban knh
Vd: rNa = 1,86
RCl= 0,99
;
;
3. Nang lng ion hoa (I):

Nang lng ion hoa cua mot nguyen to la nang lng toi thieu
can e tach 1 electron ra khoi nguyen t trang thai c ban.
Vd: H
H+ + 1e ; IH = 13,6 eV
oi vi nguyen t co nhieu electron, ngoai nang lng ion hoa lan

th nhat(I1) con co nang lng ion hoa th hai( I 2), lan th ba(I3).
Vi I1< I2 < I3.< In
4.o am ien:
o am ien cua mot nguyen to la kha nang cua nguyen t
nguyen to o hut electron ve pha no trong phan t
Mot phi kim manh co o am ien ln; ngc lai mot kim loai manh
co o am ien nho
* Tom tat qui luat bien oi:
I1
Rnguyn t
m in
Tnh
Tnh
kim loi
phi kim
Chu k
(trai
phai)
Nhom A
(tren
di)
* Trong mot chu k khi i t trai sang phai: Tnh baz cua cac oxit
va hidroxit tng ng giam dan, tnh axit cua chung tang dan.
-14-
Trong mot nhom A theo chieu t tren xuong di: Tnh baz
cua cac oxyt va hidroxit tng ng tang dan, tnh axit cua chung
giam dan( tr nhom VIII)
IV. nh Luat Tuan Hoan
Tnh chat cua cac ngto va n chat, cung nh thanh phan va tnh
chat cua cac hp chat tao nen t cac nguyen to o bien oi
tuan hoan theo chieu tang cua ien tch hat nhan nguyen t.
-15-
BI TP LUYN TP
PHN 1. BI TP T LUN
DNG 1. QUAN H GIA CU HNH ELECTRON VI V TR, TNH
CHT NGUYN T TRONG BNG HTTH NGUYN T HA HC
Lu :
- T cu hnh ion => cu hnh electron ca nguyn t => v tr trong BTH

( khng dng cu hnh ion => v tr nguyn t )
- T v tr trong BTH cu hnh electron ca nguyn t
+ T s th t chu k => s lp electron => lp ngoi cng l lp th my
+ T s th t nhm => s electron ca lp ngoi cng ( vi nhm A) cu hnh electron.
Nu cu hnh e ngoi cng : (n-1)da nsb th nguyn t thuc nhm B v :
+ nu a + b < 8
S TT nhm = a + b.
+ nu a + b = 8, 9, 10
S TT nhm = 8.
+ nu a + b > 10
S TT nhm = a + b 10.
Bi 1. a/ Vit cu hnh e ca cc nguyn t c s hiu nguyn t: A( Z=10); B (Z=13); D( Z=
19) ; E( Z= 9); G(Z = 11); J (Z = 16); M(Z = 18); Q(Z = 20)
b/ Xc nh v tr nguyn t trong bng HTTH
c/ Nguyn t no l kim loi , phi kim, kh him? V sao?
Hng dn:
Vi 4 nguyn t u lm theo hng dn di y

A (Z = 10) Cu hnh electron ca A l : ...................................................
T cu hnh electron ta thy:
+, A c Z = ........ A nm s ............. trong bng HTTH
+, A c ........... lp e A thuc chu k ............
+, A c ......... e lp ngoi cng A thuc nhm ............. v A l ...............................(kim loi, phi
kim, kh him).
-16-
B (Z=13)
......................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................ ..
.......................................................................................................................................................... ....
........................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
D( Z= 19)
......................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................ ..
.......................................................................................................................................................... ....
........................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
E( Z= 9) ......................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................ ..
.......................................................................................................................................................... ....
........................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
Vi 4 nguyn t sau lm bng cch in vo trng hon thnh bng di y

KL/PK/K
Z
Cu hnh e
STT
Nhm
Chu k
H
G(Z = 11)
J (Z = 16)
M(Z = 18)
Q(Z = 20)
Bi 2. Da vo bng HTTH hy xp cc nguyn t sau y theo chiu:
- Theo chiu tng dn tnh kim loi v gii thch: Li, Be, K, Na, Al
- Tng dn tnh phi kim v gii thch: As, F, S, N, P
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Bi 3. Cho cc nguyn t: Mg(Z=12) : Al(Z=13) : Na(Z=11) : Si(Z=14)
a/ Sp xp cc nguyn t theo chiu tng dn ca : Tnh kim loi, m in, bn knh
nguyn t?
b/ Vit cng thc hp cht oxit cao nht ca cc nguyn t trn v sp xp theo th t gim
dn ca tnh bazo ca cc hp cht ny?
-17-
Bi 4. Mot nguyen to hoa hoc thuoc chu ky 3, phan nhom chnh

nhom VI trong HTTH. Hoi :
a) Nguyen t nguyen to o co bao nhieu e lp ngoai cung? Cac e
ngoai cung lp may?
b) Cho biet so lp e va so e trong moi lp cua nguyen to tren.
-18-
Bi 5. Nguyn t cua nguyen to X, Y co cau hnh electron lan lt la:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d1 4s2 va 1s2 2s2 3s2 3p6 3d6 4s2. Hoi:
a. So proton co trong ngt, so th t cua cua nguyen to trong BTH?
b. So lp electron va so electron lp ngoai cung?
c. Nguyen to X, Y thuoc chu k th may va thuoc nhom nao?
DNG 2. XC NH NGUYN T DA THEO HP CHT OXIT CAO

NHT V HP CHT KH VI HIDRO
(R2On RH8 n)
Lu : i vi phi kim : ho tr cao nht vi Oxi + ho tr vi Hidro = 8

- Xc nh nhm ca ngt R (S TT nhm = s electron lp ngoi cng = ho tr ca ngt trong
oxit cao nht )
- Lp h thc theo % khi lng MR .
Gi s cng thc RHa cho %H %R =100-%H v ngc li ADCT :
Gi s cng thc RxOy cho %O %R =100-%O v ngc li ADCT :
M R.
MR.
Tuy nhin khng phi bi ton no cng cho trc tip c th h s nh chng ta bng cch
trc khi thc hin bc trn c mt bc bin i a cng thc hp cht kh vi hidro thnh
cng thc oxit cao nht v ngc li nh mt vi bi ton di y.
Bi 6. Oxit cao nht ca nguyn t c cng thc R2O5. Hp cht kh vi H cha 91,18% R v khi
lng. Xc nh tn nguyn t R
Bi 7. Hp cht kh ca mt nguyn t vi H c dng RH2. Oxit cao nht ca R cha 60% oxi.
Hy xc nh tn nguyn t R
Bi 8. Hp cht kh H ca mt nguyn t c cng thc RH3.Oxit cao nht ca n cha 74,08% O.
Xc nh R
Bi 9. Mt nguyn t c ha tr i vi H v ha tr i vi O bng nhau . Trong oxit cao nht ca
n oxi chim 53,3 %
Bi 10. Mt nguyn t kim loi R trong bng HTTH chim 52,94% v khi lng trong oxit cao
nht ca n. Xc nh R
-19-
DNG 3. XC NH HAI NGUYN T THEO V TR TNG I

TRONG BNG HTTH
- Nu A, B l 2 nguyn t nm k tip nhau trong 1 chu k ZB ZA = 1
- Nu A, B l 2 nguyn t thuc 1 nhm A v 2 chu k lin tip th gia A, B c th cch nhau 8, 18
hoc 32 nguyn t. Lc ny cn xt bi ton 3 trng hp:
+ Trng hp 1: A, B cch nhau 8 nguyn t : ZB ZA = 8.
Phng php :
Lp h phng trnh theo 2 n ZB, ZA ZB, ZA
-20-
3.1. HAI NGUYN T THUC HAI NHM K TIP, CNG CHU K

Bi 11. Hai nguyn t A, B c ZA + ZB = 23, bit A v B nm k nhau trong bng HTTH.
- Xc nh tn ca A v B
- Vit cu hnh e ca A v B v cho bit v tr ca A v B trong bng HTTH
- Vit cng thc oxit cao nht ca A v B
Bi 12. A va B la hai nguyen to ng ke tiep nhau mot chu ky
trong he thong tuan hoan. Tong so p cua chung la 25. Xac nh
so hieu nguyen t va viet cau hnh e cua A, B.
Bi 13. C va D la hai nguyen to ng ke tiep nhau mot chu ky
trong he thong tuan hoan. Tong so khoi cua chung la 51. So
ntron cua D ln hn C la 2 hat. Trong nguyen t C, so electron bang
vi so ntron. Xac nh v tr va viet cau hnh e cua C, D.
3.2. HAI NGUYN T CNG MT NHM A, HAI CHU K K TIP
Bi 14. Hai nguyn t X, Y cng mt nhm v hai chu k lin tip nhau trong bng HTTH. Tng
in tch ht nhn ca chng bng 24. Xc nh v vit cu hnh ca X , Y.
Bi 15. Hai nguyn t X,Y thuc cng mt phn nhm v hai chu k lin tip trong bng HTTH,
c tng s proton trong ht nhn nguyn t hai nguyn t l 30. Xc nh v tr ca X,Y .
Bi 16. A, B l 2 nguyn t thuc cng 1 phn nhm v thuc 2 chu k lin tip trong BTH. Bit
ZA + ZB = 32. S proton trong nguyn t ca A, B ln lt l:
Bi 17. A, B l 2 nguyn t thuc cng 1 phn nhm v thuc 2 chu k lin tip trong BTH. Tng
s proton trong ht nhn 2 nguyn t l 30. A, B l nguyn t no sau y?
Bi 18. A va B la hai nguyen to thuoc cung mot phan nhom chnh va
hai chu ky nho lien tiep trong he thong tuan hoan. Tong so p
cua chung la 32. Xac nh so hieu nguyen t va viet cau hnh e
cua A, B.
Bi 19. A va B la hai nguyen to thuoc cung mot phan nhom chnh va
hai chu ky lien tiep trong he thong tuan hoan. Tong so ien tch
hat nhan cua chung la 24. Tm so hieu nguyen t va viet cau
hnh e cua A, B.
-21-
DNG 4. XC NH NGUYN T THNG QUA NGUYN T KHI

V PHNG TRNH HA HC
4.1. XC NH 1 KIM LOI.
Bi 20. Khi cho 0,6 gam mot kim loai nhom IIA tac dung vi nc tao ra
0,336 lt kh hiro( ktc). Xac nh ten kim loai o?
Bi 21. Khi cho 1,11 gam mot kim loai nhom IA tac dung vao 4,05 gam
nc tao ra kh hiro u tac dung vi ong(II) oxit cho ra 5,12 gam
ong kim loai.
a) Xac nh ten kim loai o
b) Tnh nong o % chat trong dung dch thu c sau phan ng vi
nc?
Bi 22.em oxi hoa 5,4 gam mot kim loai M bi oxi ta thu c 10,2 gam
oxit co cong thc M2O3. Xac nh ten nguyen to?
Bi 23. Hoa tan hoan toan 4,05 gam mot kim loai A thuoc pnc nhom III
vao 294,4 gam dung dch HCl(va u) thu c 5,04 lt kh(kc) va dung
dch B
a.Xac nh kim loai A

b. Tnh nong o % dung dch HCl s dung va dung dch B
Bi 24. Cho 0,72 gam kim loai M(hoa tr II) vao HCl d th co 672ml kh
(kc) bay ra
a.Xac nh kim loai M

b.Lay 1 phan muoi tren cho tac dung va u vi 100 cm 3 dung
dch AgNO3 th thu c 2,87 gam ket tua. Tnh CM cua AgNO3 a dung
Bi 25. Hoa tan hoan toan 1,44 gam kim loai co hoa tr II bang 250 ml
dung dch H2SO4 0,3M. sau phan ng ta phai dung het 60 ml dung dch
NaOH 0,5M e trung hoa het lng axit d. Xac nh ten kim loai va
nong o mol/ lt cua muoi trong dung dch
Bi 26..Cho 4,6g kim loai Na tac dung vi mot phi kim nhom VIA thu
c 7,8g muoi. nh ten phi kim o.
-22-
4.2. XC NH 2 KIM LOI TRONG CNG PHN NHM CHNH

Tm 2 kim loi A, B k tip nhau trong cng phn nhm chnh.
MA <
Tm
< MB da vo BTH suy ra 2 nguyn t A, B.
Bi 27. Cho 4,4 g hn hp 2 kim loi kim th k cn nhau td vi dd HCl d cho 3,36 lt kh
H2(ktc). Hai kim loi l:
Bi 28. Ho tan hn hp gm 2 kim loi kim k tip nhau vo nc c dd X v 336 ml kh
H2(ktc). Cho HCl d vo dd X v c cn thu c 2,075 g mui khan. Hai kim loi kim l:
Bi 29. Ho tan hon ton 6,9081 g hn hp mui cacbonat ca 2 kim loi k tip nhau trong
nhm IIA vo dd HCl thu c 1,68 lt CO2 (ktc). Hai kim loi l:
Bi 30. Cho 0,88 g hn hp 2 kim loi X, Y ( nhm IIA ), 2 chu k lin tip tc dng vi dd
H2SO4 long thu c 672 ml kh (ktc) v m gam mui khan.
a. Xc nh 2 kim loi X, Y ?
b. Tnh m gam mui khan thu c ?
Bi 31. Cho 11,2 g hn hp 2 kloi kim A, B 2 chu k lin tip vo dd 200 ml H 2O c 4,48 lt
kh (ktc) v dd E.
a. Xc nh A, B ?
b. Tnh C% cc cht trong dd E ?
c. trung ho dd E trn cn bao nhiu ml dd H2SO4 1M ?
DNG 5. SO SNH TNH CHT HA HC C BN CA NGUYN T

VI CC NGUYN T LN CN TRONG BNG HTTH
CN NH
Cc i lng v tnh
cht so snh
Bn knh nguyn t
Nng lng ion ho ( I1)
m in
Tnh kim loi
Tnh phi kim
Ho tr ca 1 ngt trong
Oxit cao nht
Quy lut bin i trong 1
Quy lut bin i trong 1
chu k
nhm A
Gim dn
Tng dn
Tng dn
Gim dn
Tng dn
Tng t I VII
Tng dn
Gim dn
Gim dn
Tng dn
Gim dn
= chnh s th t nhm = s e
lp ngoi cng
-23-
Tnh axit ca oxit v hiroxit

Tnh baz ca oxit v hiroxit
Tng dn
Gim dn
Gim dn
Tng dn
Trc tin : Xc nh v tr cc ngt so snh cc ngt trong cng chu k, trong 1 nhm kt
qu
Lu : Bit rng bn knh cc ion c cng cu hnh electron t l nghch vi Z
Cu 5.1: Trong chu k, t tri sang phi, theo chiu in tch ht nhn tng dn:
A.Tnh KL tng, tnh PK gim
B. Tnh KL gim, tnh PK tng
C.Tnh KL tng, tnh PK tng
D.Tnh KL gim, tnh PK gim
Cu 5.2: Trong 1 chu k, i t tri sang phi, theo chiu Z tng dn, bn knh nguyn t:
A.Tng dn
B. Gim dn
C. Khng i
D. Khng xc nh
Cu 5.3: Bn knh nguyn t cc nguyn t : Na, Li, Be, B. Xp theo chiu tng dn l:
A. B < Be < Li < Na
B. Na < Li < Be < B
C. Li < Be < B < Na
D. Be < Li < Na < B
Cu 5.4: m in ca cc nguyn t : Na, Mg, Al, Si. Xp theo chiu tng dn l:

A. Na < Mg < Al < Si
B. Si < Al < Mg < Na
C. Si < Mg < Al < Na
D. Al < Na < Si < Mg
Cu 5.5: m in ca cc nguyn t : F, Cl, Br, I .Xp theo chiu gim dn l:

A. F > Cl > Br > I
B. I> Br > Cl> F
C. Cl> F > I > Br
D. I > Br> F > Cl
Cu 5.6: Cc nguyn t C, Si, Na, Mg xp theo th t nng lng ion ho th nht gim dn l :
A. C, Mg, Si, Na
B. Si, C, Na, Mg
C. Si, C, Mg, Na
D. C, Si, Mg, Na
Cu 5.7: Tnh kim loi gim dn trong dy :

A. Al, B, Mg, C
B. Mg, Al, B, C
C. B, Mg, Al, C
D. Mg, B, Al, C
Cu 5.8: Tnh phi kim tng dn trong dy :

A. P, S, O, F
B. O, S, P, F
C. O, F, P, S
D. F, O, S, P
Cu 5.9: Tnh kim loi tng dn trong dy :

A. Ca, K, Al, Mg
B. Al, Mg, Ca, K

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C. K, Mg, Al, Ca
D. Al, Mg, K, Ca
Cu 5.10: Tnh phi kim gim dn trong dy :

A. C, O, Si, N
B. Si, C, O, N
C. O, N, C, Si
D. C, Si, N, O
Cu 5.11: Tnh baz tng dn trong dy :

A. Al(OH)3 ; Ba(OH)2; Mg(OH)2
B. Ba(OH)2; Mg(OH)2; Al(OH)3
C. Mg(OH)2; Ba(OH)2; Al(OH)3
D. Al(OH)3; Mg(OH)2; Ba(OH)2
Cu 5.12: Tnh axit tng dn trong dy :

A. H3PO4; H2SO4; H3AsO4
B. H2SO4; H3AsO4; H3PO4
C. H3PO4; H3AsO4; H2SO4
D. H3AsO4; H3PO4 ;H2SO4
Cu 5.13: Tnh baz tng dn trong dy :

A. K2O; Al2O3; MgO; CaO
B. Al2O3; MgO; CaO; K2O
C. MgO; CaO; Al2O3; K2O
D. CaO; Al2O3; K2O; MgO
Cu 5.14: Ion no c bn knh nh nht trong cc ion sau:

A. Li+
B. K+
C. Be2+
D. Mg2+
C. K+
D. Ca2+
Cu 5.15: Bn knh ion no ln nht trong cc ion sau :

A. S2-
B. Cl-
Cu 5.16: Cc ion c bn knh gim dn l :

A. Na+ ; Mg2+ ; F- ; O2-
B. F- ; O2- ; Mg2+ ; Na+
C. Mg2+ ; Na+ ; O2- ; F-
D. O2- ; F- ; Na+ ; Mg2+
Cu 5.17: Dy ion c bn knh nguyn t tng dn l :

A. Cl- ; K+ ; Ca2+ ; S2-
B. S2- ;Cl- ; Ca2+ ; K+
C. Ca2+ ; K+ ; Cl- ; S2-
D. K+ ; Ca2+ ; S2- ;Cl-
PHN 2. BI TP TRC NGHIM

Cu 1: (H A 2007) Dy gm cc ion X+, Y- v nguyn t Z u c cu hnh electron 1s22s22p6 l:
A. Na+, Cl-, Ar.
B. Li+, F-, Ne.
C. Na+, F-, Ne.
D. K+, Cl-, Ar.
Cu 2: (H A 2007) Anion X v cation Y2+ u c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 3s23p6. V tr

ca cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc l:
A. X c s th t 17, chu k 4, nhm VIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VII); Y c s th t 20, chu k 4,
-25-
nhm IIA (phn nhm chnh nhm II).

B. X c s th t 18, chu k 3, nhm VIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VI); Y c s th t 20, chu k 4,
C. X c s th t 17, chu k 3, nhm VIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VII); Y c s th t 20, chu k 4,
D. X c s th t 18, chu k 3, nhm VIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VII); Y c s th t 20, chu k 3,
Cu 3: (H B 2007) Trong mt nhm A (phn nhm chnh), tr nhm VIIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm
VIII), theo
chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn nguyn t th
A. tnh phi kim gim dn, bn knh nguyn t tng dn.
B. tnh kim loi tng dn, m in tng dn.
C. m in gim dn, tnh phi kim tng dn.
D. tnh kim loi tng dn, bn knh ngt gim dn.
Cu 4: (C 2007) Trong t nhin, nguyn t ng c hai ng v l 6329Cuv 6529Cu. Nguyn t khi trung
bnh ca ng l 63,54. Thnh phn phn trm tng s nguyn t ca ng v 6329Cu l
A. 27%.
B. 50%.
C. 54%.
D. 73%.
Cu 5: (C 2007) Cho cc nguyn t M (Z = 11), X (Z = 17), Y (Z = 9) v R (Z = 19). m in

ca cc nguyn t tng dn theo th t
A. M < X < Y < R.
B. R < M < X < Y.
C. Y < M < X < R.
D. M < X < R < Y.
Cu 6: (C 2008) Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht electron trong cc phn lp p l 7. S ht

mang in ca mt nguyn t Y nhiu hn s ht mang in ca mt nguyn t X l 8 ht. Cc nguyn t
X v Y ln lt l
A. Fe v Cl.
B. Na v Cl.
C. Al v Cl.
D. Al v P.
Cu 7: (H A 2008) Bn knh nguyn t ca cc nguyn t: 3Li, 8O, 9F, 11Na c xp theo th t tng dn
t tri sang phi l
A. F, O, Li, Na.
B. F, Na, O, Li.
C. F, Li, O, Na.
D. Li, Na, O, F.
Cu 8: (H B 2008) Dy cc nguyn t sp xp theo chiu tng dn tnh phi kim t tri sang phi l:
A. P, N, F, O.
B. N, P, F, O.
C. P, N, O, F.
D. N, P, O, F.
Cu 9: (H B 2008) Cng thc phn t ca hp cht kh to bi nguyn t R v hiro l RH3. Trong

oxit m R c ho tr cao nht th oxi chim 74,07% v khi lng. Nguyn t R l
A. S.
B. As.
C. N.
D. P.
Cu 10: (C 2009) Mt nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht proton, ntron, electron l 52 v c s khi l 35.
S hiu nguyn t ca nguyn t X l
-26-
A. 18.
B. 23.
C. 17.
D. 15.
Cu 11: (H A 2009) Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l ns2np4. Trong
hp cht kh ca nguyn t X vi hiro, X chim 94,12% khi lng. Phn trm khi lng ca ngt X
trong oxit cao nht l
A. 50,00%.
B. 27,27%.
C. 60,00%.
D. 40,00%.
Cu 12: (H A 2009) Cu hnh electron ca ion X 2 + l 1s22s22p63s23p63d6. Trong bng tun hon cc
nguyn t ho hc, nguyn t X thuc
A. chu k 4, nhm VIIIA.
B. chu k 4, nhm IIA.
C. chu k 3, nhm VIB.
D. chu k 4, nhm VIIIB.
Cu 13: (H B 2009) Cho cc nguyn t: K (Z = 19), N (Z = 7), Si (Z = 14), Mg (Z = 12). Dy gm cc

nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu gim dn bn knh nguyn t t tri sang phi l:
A. N, Si, Mg, K.
B. K, Mg, Si, N.
C. K, Mg, N, Si.
D. Mg, K, Si, N.
Cu 14: (C 2010) Cho 9,125 gam mui hirocacbonat phn ng ht vi dung dch H 2 SO4 (d), thu
c dung dch cha 7,5 gam mui sunfat trung ho. Cng thc ca mui hirocacbonat l
A. NaHCO3.
B. Ca(HCO3)2.
C. Ba(HCO3)2.
D. Mg(HCO3)2.
Cu 15: (H A 2010) Cc nguyn t t Li n F, theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn th

A. bn knh nguyn t tng, m in gim.
B. bn knh nguyn t v m in u tng.
C. bn knh nguyn t gim, m in tng.
D. bn knh nguyn t v m in u gim.
Cu 16: (H A 2010) Nhn nh no sau y ng khi ni v 3 nguyn t: 2613X, 5526Y, 2612Z?

A. X v Z c cng s khi.
B. X, Z l 2 ng v ca cng mt nguyn t ho hc.
C. X, Y thuc cng mt nguyn t ho hc.
D. X v Y c cng s ntron.
Cu 17: (H B 2010)Mt ion M3+ c tng s ht proton, ntron, electron l 79, trong s ht mang in nhiu
hn s ht khng mang in l 19. Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t M l
A. [Ar]3d54s1.
B. [Ar]3d64s2.
C. [Ar]3d64s1.
D. [Ar]3d34s2.
Cu 18: (C 2011) ho tan hon ton 6,4 gam hn hp gm kim loi R (ch c ha tr II) v oxit ca
n cn va 400 ml dung dch HCl 1M. Kim loi R l
A. Ba.
B. Be.
C. Mg.
D. Ca.
Cu 19: (H A 2011) Khi lng ring ca canxi kim loi l 1,55 g/cm3. Gi thit rng, trong tinh th
canxi cc nguyn t l nhng hnh cu chim 74% th tch tinh th, phn cn li l khe rng. Bn knh
nguyn t canxi tnh theo l thuyt l
A. 0,185 nm.
B. 0,196 nm.
C. 0,155 nm.
D. 0,168 nm.
Cu 20: (C 2012) Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht proton, ntron, electron l 52. Trong ht
nhn nguyn t X c s ht khng mang in nhiu hn s ht mang in l 1. V tr (chu k, nhm) ca X
trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc l
-27-
A. chu k 3, nhm VA.
B. chu k 3, nhm VIIA.
C. chu k 2, nhm VIIA.
D. chu k 2, nhm VA.
Cu 21: (H A 2012) Nguyn t R to c cation R+. Cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng ca R +
( trng thi c bn) l 2p6. Tng s ht mang in trong nguyn t R l
A. 10.
B. 11.
C. 22.
D. 23.
Cu 22: (H A 2012) X v Y l hai nguyn t thuc cng mt chu k, hai nhm A lin tip. S proton ca
nguyn t Y nhiu hn s proton ca nguyn t X. Tng s ht proton trong nguyn t X v Y l 33.
Nhn xt no sau y v X, Y l ng?
A. n cht X l cht kh iu kin thng.
B. m in ca X ln hn m in ca Y.
C. Lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t Y ( trng thi c bn) c 5 electron.
D. Phn lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t X ( trng thi c bn) c 4 electron.
Cu 23: (H B 2012) Nguyn t Y l phi kim thuc chu k 3, c cng thc oxit cao nht l YO3. Nguyn
t Y to vi kim loi M hp cht c cng thc MY, trong M chim 63,64% v khi lng. Kim loi M
l
A. Zn.
B. Cu.
C. Mg.
D. Fe.
Cu 24: (C 2013) trng thi c bn, nguyn t ca nguyn t X c 4 electron lp L (lp th

hai). S proton c trong nguyn t X l
A. 7.
B. 6.
C. 8.
D. 5.
Cu 25: (H A 2013) trng thi c bn, cu hnh electron ca nguyn t Na (Z = 11) l

A. 1s22s22p53s2.
B. 1s22s22p63s1.
C. 1s22s22p63s2.
D. 1s22s22p43s1.
Cu 26: (H B 2013) S proton v s ntron c trong mt nguyn t nhm ( 2713Al) ln lt l

A. 13 v 14
B. 13 v 15
C. 12 v 14
D. 13 v 13
-28-
CHUYN 3
LIN KT HA HC
BI TP T LUN
Bi 1 : Vit phng trnh to thnh cc ion t cc ngt tng ng: Fe2+ ; Fe3+ ; K+ ; N3 ; O2 ; Cl ;
S2 ; Al3+ ; P3. Tnh s ht c bn trong tng ion , gii thch v s in tch ca mi ion. Nu tn
kh him c cu hnh ging vi cu hnh cc ion thuc nguyn t nhm A.
Bi 2 : Vit phng trnh phn ng c s di chuyn electron khi :
a) Kali tc dng vi kh clo.
b) Magie tc dng vi kh oxy.
c) Natri tc dng vi lu hunh.
d) Nhm tc dng vi kh oxy.
e) Canxi tc dng vi lu hunh.
f) Magie tc dng vi kh clo.
V d:
a, 2K + Cl2 2KCl
K
1s22s22p63s23p64s1
Cl
1s22s22p63s23p5
K+
Cl-
1s22s22p63s23p6
KCl
1s22s22p63s23p6
b, 2Al + 3Cl2 2AlCl3

Cl-
Cl
1s22s22p63s23p5
Cl
1s22s22p63s23p5
1s22s22p63s23p6
+
Al
1s22s22p63s23p3
1s22s22p63s23p6
Cl -
Cl
1s22s22p63s23p5
AlCl3
Al3+
1s22s22p63s23p6
Cl1s22s22p63s23p6
Bi 3 : Vit cu hnh ca cc ion to nn t cc nguyn t sau v nu tn kh him c cu hnh

ging vi cu hnh cc ion :
a) Be , Li , B .
b) Ca , K , Cl , Si .
Bi 4 : Cho 5 ngt : Na; Mg; N; O; Cl.

-29-
a) Vit cu hnh electron ca chng. D on xu hng hot ng ca cc nguyn t trong cc

phn ng ha hc.
b) Vit cu hnh electron ca Na+, Mg2+, N3, Cl, O2.
c) Cho bit cch to thnh lin kt ion trong: Na2O ; MgCl2 ; Na3N.
Bi 5 : Vit cu hnh ca ngt v ion to thnh tng ng ca cc nguyn t sau :
a) Ngt A CK 3 , nhm IIIA.
b) Ngt B CK 2 , nhm VA.
c) Ngt C CK 4 , nhm VIIA.
d) Ngt D CK 3 , nhm VIA.
e) Ngt A th 33.
Bi 6 : X thuc chu k 3, nhm VIA. Y thuc chu k 1, nhm IA. Z thuc nhm VIA, c tng s
ht l 24. Hy xc nh tn X, Y, Z.
Bi 7 : Anion X2 v cation Y3+ u c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 4s24p6. Xc nh v tr
ca X, Y trong bng HTTH v phng trnh ha hc gii thch s hnh thnh lin kt gia X v Y.
Bi 8 : Tnh s ht electron trong cc ion sau : NO3 ; SO42 ; CO32 ; NH4+ ; OH.
Bi 9 : Vit cng thc electron v cng thc cu to ca cc phn t sau : CH 4; Br2 ; CH3Cl ;
SiO2 ; PH3 ; C2H6.
Bi 10 : Vit cng thc cu to v cng thc electron ca HBr ; C3H6 ; H2S ; C2H5Cl ; C2H3Cl ;
C3H4 ; C2H6O. Xc nh ho tr cc ngt.
-30-
Bi 11 :Vit cng thc electron v cng thc cu to ca cc phn t sau v xc nh ha tr cc

ngt trong cc phn t : N2O3 ; Cl2O ; SO2 ; SO3 ; N2O5 ; HNO2 ; H2CO3 ; HNO3 ; H3PO4.
Bi 12 : Bit rng tnh phi kim tng theo th t C, N, O, Cl. Vit cng thc cu to ca cc phn
t sau y v xem xt phn t no c lin kt phn cc mnh nht : CH 4 (t din) ; NH3 (chp tam
gic) ; H2O (gp khc) ; HCl (thng).
Bi 13 : Hai ngt X, Y c:
Tng s in tch ht nhn bng 15.
-31-
Hiu s in tch ht nhn bng 1.

a) Xc nh v tr ca X, Y trong bng HTTH.
b) Vit cng thc electron v cng thc cu to ca hp cht to thnh bi X , Y v hydro .
-32-
Bi 14 : Da vo m in , hy nu bn cht lin kt trong cc phn t : Cl2 , CaO , CsF , H2O ,

HBr .
Bi 15 : Cho dy oxit sau y : Na2O ; MgO ; Al2O3 ; SiO2 ; P2O5 ; SO3 ; Cl2O7.Hy d
on trong cc oxit th lin kt trong oxit no l lin kt ion, lin kt CHT c cc, lin kt CHT
khng c cc.
Bi 16 : Hy nu bn cht ca cc dng lin kt trong phn t cc cht: N2, AgCl, HBr, NH3,
H2O2, NH4NO3 .
CHUYN 4
PHN NG OXI HA KH
TM TT L THUYT
1. S oxi ha v cch xc nh
1.1. S oxi ha (SOXH): S oxi ha ca mt nguyn t trong hp cht l s ai s c xc nh
vi gi thit rng mi lin kt ha hc trong phn t hp cht u l lin kt ion, ngha l cp
electron dng chung ca lin kt cng ha tr cng c coi l chuyn hn cho nguyn t ca
nguyn t c m in ln hn.
Nguyn t mt electron c s oxi ha dng, nguyn t nhn electron c s oxi ha m.
1.2. Cch xc nh
xc nh s oxi ha cn da vo nguyn tc sau:
- Trong n cht s oxi ha ca nguyn t bng 0: v d:
- Trong hp cht:
+ S oxi ha ca oxi bng -2 ( tr Na2O2, H2O2, OF2).
+ S oxi ha ca H bng +1 (tr NaH, CaH2).
+ Trong 1 phn t, tng s oxi ha ca cc nguyn t bng 0.
V d:
+ Trong ion: tng s oxi ha ca cc nguyn t to nn ion bng in tch ion.

1.3. i vi cc cht hu c: Ngoi cc quy tc trn, khi xc nh s oxi ha cacbon cn ch :
+ Trong lin kt vi phi kim (O, Cl, Br, I, N, S) cacbon c s oxi ha dng; trong lin kt vi H
hay kim loi, cacbon c s oxi ha m; trong lin kt C-C cacbon c s oxi ho bng 0.
-33-
+ Vic xc nh s oxi ha cn da vo cng thc cu to.

+ S oxi ha trung bnh ca C l trung bnh cng ca tt c cc s oxi ha ca cc nguyn t C
trong phn t.
V d:
=> s oxi ha trung bnh ca C l -2
-> s oxi ha trung bnh ca C = - 1

2. Khi nim v phn loi phn ng oxi ha kh
2.1. Khi nim
2.2. Phn loi:
a. Phn ng oxi ha kh n gin: cht oxi ha v cht kh khc nhau
VD: 2
b. Phn ng t oxi ha kh: tc nhn oxi ha v kh l mt nguyn t duy nht.

VD: 2
+2NaOH
+H2O.
c. Phn ng oxi ha kh ni phn t: tc nhn oxi ha v kh l nhng nguyn t khc nhau

nhng cng nm trong 1 phn t.
VD:
d. Phn ng oxi ha kh phc tp: l phn ng trong c nhiu nguyn t thay i s oxi ha
hoc c acid, kim, nc tham gia lm mi trng.
VD:
3. Phng php cn bng phn ng oxi ha kh
3.1. Nguyn tc chung
-34-
Tng s eletron ca cht kh cho bng tng s electron ca cht oxi ha nhn, hay tng tng s
oxi ha ca cht kh bng tng gim s oxi ha ca cht oxi ha.
3.2. Phng php cn bng: Tin hnh theo 4 bc
Bc 1: Vit s phn ng, xc nh s oxi ha, cht oxi ha, cht kh ( cht c s oxi ha
dng cao nht c kh nng oxi ha, cht c s oxi ha m thp nht c kh nng kh, cht c s
oxi ha trung gian th ty vo iu kin phn ng vi cht no m th hin tnh kh hay tnh oxi
ha hoc c hai)
Bc 2: Vit cc na PT cho nhn electron. Tm h s v cn bng s electron cho nhn.
Bc 3: a h s tm c t na cc PT cho nhn e vo cht kh, cht oxi ha tng ng
trong cc PTHH.
Bc 4: Cn bng cht khng tham gia qu trnh oxi ha kh ( nu c) theo trt t sau: S
nguyn t kim loi gc axit s phn t mi trng(axit hoc kim) v cui cng l s lng
phn t nc to ra.
V d:
3
2
Nn ta c phng trnh 3Cu + 8HNO3 3Cu(NO3)2 +2NO +H2O

3.3. Mt s ch khi cn bng phn ng oxi ha kh
a) trnh h s cn bng dng phn s, thng xuyn ch ti ch s ca cc cht oxi ha v
kh trc v sau phn ng. l cc cht kh nh O2, Cl2, N2, N2O hoc cc mui nh
Fe2(SO4)3, K2Cr2O7.
V d 1:
V d 2:
b) Phn ng c nhiu nguyn t trong hp cht cng tng hoc cng gim SOXH
trong trng hp ny ch cn xc nh SOXH ca sn phm, cn cht phn ng c th xem nhu
SOXH bng 0.
-35-
V d1:
V d 2:
V d 3:
c) Nu trong phn ng c n cht va l cht kh va l cht oxi ha ( t oxi ha kh ) th
trong cc na phn ng, n cht ch cn ghi dng nguyn t, sau cng cc qu trnh li ri
a h s vo PT.
-36-
V d 1:
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
V d 2:
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
d) Nu trong PTHH c nhiu cht oxi ha, kh khc nhau th ta cng cc qu trnh ging nhau, sau
mi cn bng 2 na phn ng.
v d:
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
-37-
e) Nu trong cng mt hp cht cha cc nguyn t oxi ha v kh khc nhau th phi cng li sau
mi cn bng vi qu trnh cn li
v d:
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
f) Nu trong hp cht cha nguyn t c SOXH tng qut th cn bng phi ch n ch s
nguyn t trong cng thc.
V d: M2Ox + HNO3 M(NO3)3 + NO + H2O
3.4. Phng trnh ion- electron
+ Cch cn bng ny ch yu cho cc P oxi ha kh xy ra trong dung dch, c s tham gia ca
mi trng( acid, baz, nc).
+ Khi cn bng cng p dng theo 4 bc trn, nhng bc 2, cht oxi ha v cht kh c vit
di dng ion- electron theo nguyn tc sau:
a. Nu P c acid tham gia: V no tha nguyn t O phi thm H+ v bn kia to thnh H2O.
b. Nu P c baz tham gia: V no tha nguyn t O phi thm H2O v bn kia to thnh OH-.
c. Nu P c H2O tham gia:
- Sn phm P to ra acid theo nguyn tc (a).
- Sn phm P to ra baz, theo nguyn tc (b).
d. Kim tra li s cn bng in tch v nguyn t 2 v.
+ Cui cng, cng 2 na PT thu c PT ion, chuyn sang PT phn t (nu bi yu cu).
V d 1:
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
-38-
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
V d 2:
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
V d 3:
-39-
BI TP P DNG .
Bi 1. Da vo nh ngha, xc nh s oxi ha ca cc nguyn t trong cc phn t v ion sau:
NaCl,
CaO,
AlCl3, CH4,
CO32
ClO4 ,
MnO4 ,
SO2,
Cr2O72 ,
HNO3,
NH4+,
ClO3 ,
SO32
Bi 2. Xc nh s oxi ha ca cc nguyn t trung tm trong cc cht sau:

a.
S oxi ha ca N trong:
N2,
NO,
NO2,
N2O4,
HNO3,
Fe(NO3)3,
NH4NO3,
NxOy
b.
S oxi ha ca S trong:
H2S,
S,
SO2,
SO3,
Na2SO4,
H2S2O7,
FeS,
FeS2
K2Cr2O7,
K2CrO4
FexOy,
FeCl2,
c.
H2SO4,
S oxi ha ca Cr trong:
CrO,
d.
Cr2O3,
S oxi ha ca Fe trong:
FeO,
Fe3O4,
FeCl3
Bi 3. Cho bit cc ion di y ion no l cht kh, cht oxi ha, l c hai
Cl ,
Br , I , S2 , F2, Cl2, Br2, I2, MnO4 , Cr2O7 2
H2SO4 c, HNO3, H2O2, C, S, SO2, SO32 , NO2 , Fe2+, Fe3+

-40-
Bi 4. Yu cu: Cn bng cc phn ng sau bng phng php thng bng e

PTHH 1. M2Ox + HNO3
M(NO3)3 + NO + H2O
PTHH 2. FeO + HNO3
Fe(NO3)3 + NO2 + H2O
PTHH 3. FeO + HNO3
Fe(NO3)3 + NO + H2O
PTHH 4. Fe3O4 + HNO3
Fe(NO3)3 + NO2 + H2O
PTHH 5. Fe3O4 + HNO3
Fe(NO3)3 + NO + H2O
PTHH 6. Fe(OH)2 + O2 + H2O
Fe(OH)3
PTHH 7. KNO2 + HClO3
KNO3 + HCl
PTHH 8. H2SO3 + H2O2

PTHH 9. H2SO3 + H2S
H2SO4 + H2O
S + H2 O
PTHH 10.
O3 + KI + H2O
O2 + I2 + KOH
PTHH 11.
Cl2 + KOH
KCl + KClO3 + H2O
PTHH 12.
M + HNO3
M(NO3)n + NxOy + H2O
PTHH 13.
S + KOH
K2S + K2SO3 + H2O
PTHH 14.
Cl2 + KOH
KClO + KCl + H2O
PTHH 15.
Fe + KNO3
Fe2O3 + N2 + K2O
PTHH 16.
KClO3
PTHH 17.
NO2 + H2O
HNO3 + NO
PTHH 18.
Al + FexOy
Al2O3 + Fe
1.
KCl + KClO4
-41-
PTHH 19.
HNO2
HNO3 + NO + H2O
PTHH 20.
Al + Fe3O4
Al2O3 + Fe
PTHH 21.
S + NaOH
Na2SO4 + Na2S + H2O
PTHH 22.
Br2 + NaOH
NaBr + NaBrO3 + H2O
2.
PTHH 23.
Fe2S + O2
SO2 + Fe2O3
PTHH 24.
H2O2 + KMnO4 + H2SO4
PTHH 25.
FeSO4 + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4
O2 + K2SO4 + MnSO4 + H2O

Fe2(SO4)3 + Cr2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + H2O
3.
4.
PTHH 26.
KMnO4 + SnO + H2SO4
Sn(SO4)2 + MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O
5. . ..................................................................................................................................................
...........
6. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
7. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
8. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
9. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
PTHH 27.
Na2SO3 + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4
Na2SO4 + K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + H2O
10. , ..................................................................................................................................................
...........
-42-
11. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
12. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
13. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
14. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
PTHH 28.
H2C2O4 + KMnO4 + H2SO4
MnSO4 + H2O + K2SO4 + CO2
15. . ..................................................................................................................................................
...........
16. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
17. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
18. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
19. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
PTHH 29.
FeSO4 + KMnO4 + H2SO4
Fe2(SO4)3 + MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O
20. . ..................................................................................................................................................
...........
21. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
22. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
23. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
24. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
-43-
PTHH 30.
Zn + HNO3
Zn(NO3)2 + N2O + NO + NH4NO3 + H2O
25. . ..................................................................................................................................................
...........
26. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
27. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
28. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
29. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
30.
PTHH 31.
CuFeS2 + Fe2(SO4)3 + O2 + H2O
CuSO4 + FeSO4 + H2SO4
31. . ..................................................................................................................................................
...........
32. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
33. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
34. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
35. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
PTHH 32.
NaBr + KMnO4 + H2SO4
Br2 + MnSO4 + Na2SO4 + K2SO4 + H2O
36. . ..................................................................................................................................................
...........
37. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
-44-
38. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
39. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
40. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
PTHH 33.
K2MnO4 + MnO2 + H2SO4
KMnO4 + MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O
41. . ..................................................................................................................................................
...........
42. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
43. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
44. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
45. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
PTHH 34.
KMnO4 + (COOH)2 + H2SO4
MnSO4 + K2SO4 + CO2 + H2O
46. . ..................................................................................................................................................
...........
47. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
48. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
49. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
50. ....................................................................................................................................................
..........
PTHH 35.
KMnO4 + KI + H2SO4
MnSO4 + K2SO4 + I2 + H2O

-45-
PTHH 36.
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 37.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 38.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 39.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 40.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 41.
PTHH 42.
FeCuS2 + O2
PTHH 43.
Fe2(SO3)3 + CuO + SO2
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 44.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 45.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 46.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 47.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 48.
Ca3(PO4)2 + Cl2 + C
PTHH 49.
POCl + CO + CaCl2
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 50.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 51.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
-46-
PTHH 52.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 53.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 54.
Ca3(PO4)2 + SiO2 + C
PTHH 55.
P + CaSiO3 + CO
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 56.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 57.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 58.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 59.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 60.
MnO2 + HCl
PTHH 61.
MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 62.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 63.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 64.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 65.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 66.
FeCuS2 + O2
PTHH 67.
Fe2O3 + CuO + SO2
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
-47-
PTHH 68.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 69.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 70.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 71.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 72.
PTHH 73.
KClO3 + NH3
PTHH 74.
KNO3 + KCl + Cl2 + H2O
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 75.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 76.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 77.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 78.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 79.
K2Cr2O7 + HCl
PTHH 80.
CrCl3 + KCl + Cl2 + H2O
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 81.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 82.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 83.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
-48-
PTHH 84.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 85.
NO2 + NaOH
PTHH 86.
NaNO3 + NaNO2 + H2O
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 87.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 88.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 89.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 90.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 91.
K2MnO4 + H2O
PTHH 92.
MnO2 + KMnO4 + KOH
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 93.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 94.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 95.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 96.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 97.
FeCl2 + H2O2 + HCl
PTHH 98.
FeCl3 + H2O
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 99.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
-49-
PTHH 100.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 101.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 102.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 103.
PTHH 104.
I2 + Na2S2O3
PTHH 105.
Na2S4O6 + NaI
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 106.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 107.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 108.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 109.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 110.
R2On + NH3
PTHH 111.
R + N2 + H2O (R l Pb,Cu,Ag)
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 112.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 113.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 114.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 115.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
-50-
PTHH 116.
KI + HNO3
PTHH 117.
I2 + KNO3 + NO + H2O
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 118.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 119.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 120.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 121.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 122.
H2S + HNO3
PTHH 123.
H2SO4 + NO + H2O
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 124.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 125.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 126.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 127.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 128.
MnO2 + O2 + KOH
PTHH 129.
K2MnO4 + H2O
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 130.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 131.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
-51-
PTHH 132.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 133.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 134.
PTHH 135.
K2MnO4 + H2O
PTHH 136.
KMnO4 + MnO2 + KOH
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 137.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 138.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 139.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 140.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 141.
KMnO4 + HCl
PTHH 142.
MnCl2 + KCl + Cl2 + H2O
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 143.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 144.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 145.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 146.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 147.
Ca3(PO4)2 + Cl2 + C
POCl3 + CO + CaCl2
-52-
PTHH 148.
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 149.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 150.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 151.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 152.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 153.
As2S3 + HNO3 + H2O
PTHH 154.
H3AsO4 + H2SO4 + NO
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 155.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 156.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 157.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 158.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 159.
Al + NaNO3 + NaOH
PTHH 160.
Na3AlO3 NH3 + H2O
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 161.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 162.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 163.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
-53-
PTHH 164.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 165.
PTHH 166.
K2MnO4 + H2O
PTHH 167.
MnO2 + KMnO4 + KOH
. ............................................................................................................................
.................................
PTHH 168.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 169.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 170.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 171.
..............................................................................................................................
................................
PTHH 172.
Mn(OH)2 + Cl2 + KOH
MnO2 + KCl + H2O
PTHH 173.
As2S3 + HNO3 + H2O
PTHH 174.
NaBr + NaBrO3 + H2SO4
PTHH 175.
Cr2O3 + KNO3 + KOH
PTHH 176.
CrI3 + Cl2 + KOH
PTHH 177.
NaBr + NaBrO3 + H2SO4
Br2 + Na2SO4 + H2O
PTHH 178.
KMnO4 + K2SO3 + H2O
MnO2+ K2SO4 + KOH
PTHH 179.
KMnO4 + KNO2 + H2O
MnO2+ KNO3 + KOH
PTHH 180.
KMnO4 + SO2 + H2SO4
MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O
PTHH 181.
FeS2 + HNO3 + HCl
H3AsO4 + H2SO4 + NO
Br2 + Na2SO4 + H2O
K2CrO4 + KNO2 + H2O.
K2CrO4 + KIO4 + KCl + H2O
FeCl3 + H2SO4 + NO + H2O

-54-
PTHH 182.
FeS + HNO3
Fe(NO3)3 + Fe2(SO4)3 + NO + H2O
PTHH 183.
FeS2 + HNO3
Fe(NO3)3 + H2SO4 + N2Ox + H2O
PTHH 184.
Zn + HNO3
PTHH 185.
FeS2 + HNO3
PTHH 186.
CrI3 + Cl2 + KOH
PTHH 187.
CrCl3 + Na2O2 + NaOH
Na2CrO4 + NaCl + H2O
PTHH 188.
CrCl3 + Na2O2 + NaOH
Na2CrO4 + NaCl + H2O
PTHH 189.
FeS2 + HNO3 + HCl
PTHH 190.
FeS + HNO3
Zn(NO3)2 + NO + NH4NO3 + H2O

Fe(NO3)3 + NO + H2SO4 + H2O
K2CrO4 + KIO4 + KCl + H2O
FeCl3 + H2SO4 + NO + H2O

Fe3(NO3)3 + Fe2(SO4)3 + NO + H2O
PTHH 191.
PTHH 192.
BI TP TNH TON N GIN
Bi 1: Cho 1,12 lt NH3 ktc tc dng vi 16g CuO nung nng theo ptp :
PTHH 193.
PTHH 194.
NH3 + CuO N2 + Cu + H2O
Sau phn ng cn mt cht rn X. Tnh khi lng cht rn X cn li v th
tch dd HCl 0,5M tc dng vi X.

Bi 2: Ha tan m gam Al bng dd HNO3 d theo ptp : Al+HNO3Al(NO3)3+N2+H2O , thu c
6,72 lit kh N2 ( ktc) v dd cha x gam mui.
PTHH 195.
a) Cn bng phng trnh , vit cc qu trnh kh , oxi ha xy ra.
PTHH 196.
b) Tnh gi tr ca m v x.
PTHH 197.
c) Tnh th tch dd HNO3 6,35 % (d=1,03 g/ml) cn dng. Bit ngi ta ly d
20% so vi lng cn p.
Bi 3: Cho 19,5 gam m t kim loi M ha tr n tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 thu c 4,48 lt kh
NO ( ktc) , mui nitrat v nc.
PTHH 198.
a) Vit pt phn ng v cc qu trnh kh , oxi ha xy ra.
PTHH 199.
b) Xc nh tn kim loi M.
-55-
PTHH 200.
c) Tnh khi lng dd HNO3 12,7 % cn dng. Bit hiu sut p l 80%.
Bi 4: Ha tan m gam Cu bng dd HNO3 0,5M (va ) thu c 0,03 mol NO v 0,02 mol NO2
v dd cha x gam mui.
a) Vit phng trnh p v cc qu trnh kh , oxi ha xy ra.
PTHH 201.
b) Tnh gi tr ca m v x.
PTHH 202.
c) Tnh th tch dd HNO3 0,5M cn dng.
Bi 5: Nung mt lng mui Cu(NO3)2 theo phng trnh : Cu(NO3)2 CuO + NO2 + O2 , sau
mt thi gian dng li , ngui em cn thy khi lng gim i 5,4 g.
PTHH 203.
a) Cn bng phng trnh , vit cc qu trnh kh , oxi ha xy ra.
PTHH 204.
b) Tnh khi lng Cu(NO3)2 phn ng v th tch cc kh sinh ra (ktc).
Bi 6: Cho 0,1 mol Zn v 0,2 mol Ag tc dng hon ton vi dd HNO3 d to ra Zn(NO3)2 , AgNO3
, H2O v V lt kh NO2 (ktc).
PTHH 205.
a) Xc nh gi tr ca V.
PTHH 206.
b) Tnh khi lng dd HNO3 12,7 % cn dng. Bit hiu sut p l 95 %.
PTHH 207.
PTHH 208.
PTHH 209.
CHUYN 5
MT S PHNG PHP BO TON

GII NHANH CC BI TP TRC
NGHIM
PTHH 210.
PHN 1. Phng php bo ton khi lng(BTKL)
PTHH 211.
a. Trong 1 phn ng ha hc: tng khi lng cc sn phm bng tng khi
lng cc cht tham gia phn ng. Nu c n i lng trong PTHH m bit c (n-1) i
lng th i lng n s tm c d dng.
PTHH 212.
b. Trong 1 hp cht ha hc: khi lng hp cht = tng khi lng cc
nguyn t c mt trong hp cht.

PTHH 213.
c. Khi lng dung dch = khi lng cht tan + khi lng dung mi.
PTHH 214.
d. Khi pha trn dung dch vi nhau: m dd sau = m dd u -m.
PTHH 215.
e. Khi c cn dung dch th khi lng hn hp mui thu c bng tng
khi lng ca cation kim loi v anion gc acid.

-56-
PTHH 216.
f. Trong mt nguyn t: khi lng nguyn t bng tng khi lng cc loi
ht c trong nguyn t.
PTHH 217.
...
PTHH 218.
V d 1: kh hon ton 20,5 g hn hp Fe, FeO, Fe3O4 v Fe2O3 cn va
2,24 lt kh CO (ktc). Tnh khi lng Fe thu c.

PTHH 219.
a. 18,9 g .
b. 17,7g
c. 19,8 g
d.
16,8 g
PTHH 220._V d 2: Hn hp A gm 0,1 mol etylen glicol C2H6O2 v 0,2 mol hp cht hu c
X. t chy ht A cn 21,28 lt O2(ktc) thu c 35,2 g CO2 v 19,8 g H2O. Phn t khi
ca X l bao nhiu?
PTHH 221._a. 60
b. 84
c. 92
d. 80
PTHH 222._V d 3: Cho 24,4 g hn hp Na2CO3 v K2CO3 tc dng va vi 0,2 mol dung
dch BaCl2. Sau phn ng thu c 39,4 g kt ta. Lc kt ta,c cn dung dch thu c
m(g) mui clorua. Tm m.
PTHH 223._a. 2,66
b. 22,6
c. 26,6
d.
6,26
PTHH 224.____________________________2. Phng php bo ton nguyn t
PTHH 225._Trong cc PTHH , cc nguyn t lun c bo ton Tng s mol nguyn t ca
mt nguyn t A trc phn ng lun bng tng s mol nguyn t ca nguyn t A sau
phn ng.
PTHH 226._V d 1: Dng kh CO kh hn hp A gm a mol FeO v b mol Fe2O3 thu c
hn hp cht rn B gm x mol Fe2O3, y mol Fe3O4, z mol FeO v t mol Fe. Biu thc lin h
gia a, b, x, y, z,t l:
PTHH 227._____________________a. a-2b =2x+3y+z+t
b. a+2b =2x+3y-z-t
PTHH 228.___________________c. a + 2b = 3x+2y+z+t
d. a + 2b = 2x+3y+z+t
PTHH 229._V d 2: Dung dch X cha ng thi NaHSO4 0,01 M v H2SO4 0,01 M. Cho t t
hn hp bt kim loi gm Mg v Al vo 1,0 lt dung dch X cho n khi ngng thot kh,
thu c V lt kh H2 (ktc). Gi tr ca V l:
PTHH 230._a. 0,112
b. 0,224
c. 0,336
d. 0,672
PTHH 231.________________________5. Phng php bo ton electron(BTE).
-57-
PTHH 232._5.1. Phng php ny cho php gii nhanh nhiu bi ton oxi ha kh phc
tp thng gp nh:
PTHH 233._- Trong hn hp cc cht phn ng c nhiu cht oxi ha v cht kh khc nhau,
khng iu kin xc nh s lng v th t cc phn ng xy ra.
PTHH 234._- Phn ng oxi ha kh xy ra qua nhiu trng thi trung gian khc nhau.
PTHH 235._5.2. Trong trng hp ny, vic xc nh s lng v th t cc phn ng rt
kh khn. V vy khng cn vit cc PTHH m c th gii bi ton theo 3 bc sau:
PTHH 236._Bc 1: Xc nh trng thi u v trng thi cui ca cc qu trnh oxi ha v kh
( b qua cc trng thi trung gian). Vit v cn bng cc na phn ng ( c th vit di
dng ion nu phn ng xy ra trong dung dch).
PTHH 237._Bc 2: Da vo cc na phn ng, d kin bi cho, cho php tnh c ne (kh)
v ne(oxh).
PTHH 238.___________________________________________Bc 3: Bin lun:
a.
Nu ne kh = ne oxh cht kh v cht oxi ha va ht(phn ng oxi ha kh va ).
b.
Nu ne kh > ne oxh cht kh d, cht oxi ha ht.
c.
Nu ne kh < ne oxhcht oxi ha d, cht kh ht.

PTHH 239._V d 1: Cho 1,35 g hn hp gm Cu, Mg, Al tc dng ht vi dung dch HNO3
thu c hn hp kh gm 0,01 mol NO v 0,04 mol NO2.
PTHH 240._____________________a) tnh khi lng mui to ra trong dung dch?
PTHH 241._A. 5,69 g
B. 6,59 g
C. 9,56 g
D. 5,96
g.
PTHH 242._______________________b) Tnh s mol HNO3 tham gia phn ng?
PTHH 243._A. 0,05
B. 0,07
C. 0,12
D. 0,24.
PTHH 244._V d 2: Oxi ha hon ton 2,184 g bt Fe thu c 3,048 g hn hp A gm cc
oxit st. Chia hn hp A thnh 3 phn bng nhau:
PTHH 245.__________a) Kh hon ton phn 1 cn V lt H2(ktc). Gi tr ca V l:
PTHH 246._A. 0,4032
B. 0,2304
C. 0,3204
D.
0,4044.
PTHH 247._b) Ha tan hon ton phn th 2 bng dung dch HNO3 long d thu c V lt NO
duy nht (ktc). Gi tr V l:
-58-
PTHH 248._A. 0,0336
B. 0,0448
C. 0,0672
D.
0,0224.
PTHH 249._c) Phn th 3 trn vi 5,4 g bt nhm (d) ri tin hnh phn ng nhit
nhm(H=100%). Ha tan hn hp thu c sau phn ng bng dung dch HCl d thu c
V lt H2(ktc). Gi tr ca V l:
PTHH 250._A. 4,011
B. 5,608
C. 6,608
D.
7,011.
PTHH 251._V d 3: Ha tan hon ton 19,2 gam kim loi M trong dung dch HNO3 d thu
c 8,96 lt (ktc) hn hp kh gm NO2 v NO c t l th tch 3:1. xc nh kim loi M
v tnh khi lng HNO3 tham gia phn ng.
PTHH 252._a. Mg; 63 g
b. Zn; 63 g
c. Cu; 63 g
d.
Fe; 63 g .
PTHH 253._V d 4: m gam phi bo st A ngoi khng kh sau mt thi gian bin thnh
hn hp B c khi lng 12 gam gm Fe v cc oxit FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3. Cho B tc dng
hon ton vi HNO3 d thy gii phng ra 2,24 lt kh NO duy nht. Gi tr m l:
PTHH 254._a. 10,8
b. 5,04
c. 12,02
d. 10,08.
PTHH 255.______________________________________B. BI TP P DNG:

PTHH 256._1. Kh hon ton 24 gam hn hp CuO v FexOy bng H2 d nhit cao thu
c 17,6 gam hn hp hai kim loi. Khi lng nc to thnh l:
PTHH 257._a. 3,6 g
b. 7,2 g
c. 1,8 g
d. 5,4 g.
PTHH 258._2. Ha tan 3,28 g hn hp mui MgCl2 v Cu(NO3)2 vo nc c dung dch A.

Nhng vo dung dch mt thanh st, sau khong thi gian, cn li thanh st thy tng thm
0,8 gam. C cn dung dch sau phn ng th thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr m l:
PTHH 259._a. 4,28
b. 4,08
c. 8,04
d.
2,48.
PTHH 260.
3. Cho 22,2 g hn hp Fe, Al tan hon ton trong HCl d thu c 13,44 lt
H2(ktc). C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan?
PTHH 261.
a. 63,8
b. 64,8
c. 65,8
d.
66,8 .
-59-
PTHH 262.
4. Cho 7,8 gam hn hp hai kim loi Mg v Al tc dng vi dd HCl d. Khi
phn ng kt thc thy khi lng dd tng 7 gam. Tnh khi lng mi kim loi trong hn
hp.
PTHH 263.
a. 2,4 g Mg v 5,4 g Al
b. 5,4 g Mg v 2,4 g Al
PTHH 264.
c. 4,8 g Mg v 3,0 g Al
d. 3,0 g Mg v 4,8 g Al.
PTHH 265.
5. tc dng ht 4,64 g hn hp FeO, Fe2O3 v Fe3O4 cn va 160 ml dd
HCl 1M. Nu kh hon ton 4,64 gam hn hp trn bng kh CO nhit cao th khi
lng st thu c l:
PTHH 266.
a. 3,36 g
b. 4,36 g
c. 2,36 g
d. 2,08 g.
PTHH 267.
6. Ha tan hon ton 5 gam hn hp 2 kim loi A bng dung dch HCl va
thu c 5,71 gam mui khan v V lt kh H2(ktc). Gi tr ca V l:

PTHH 268.
a. 0,448
b. 2,24
c. 0,224
d. 4,48
PTHH 269.
8. Ha tan hn hp gm 0,2 mol Fe v 0,1 mol Fe2O3 vo dung dch HNO3
long d thu c dung dch A. Cho dd A tc dng vi dd NaOH d thu c kt ta. Lc

kt ta, ra sch, sy kh, nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c m gam
cht rn. Gi tr m l:
PTHH 270.
a. 32 g
b. 16 g
c. 42 g
d. 24 g.
PTHH 271.
9. Cho 4,16 gam Cu tc dng va vi 120 ml dd HNO3 thu c 2,464 lt
(ktc) hn hp hai kh NO v NO2. Nng mol ca HNO3 l:

PTHH 272.
a. 1 M
b. 0,1 M
c. 2 M
d. 0,5 M
PTHH 273.
10. Ha tan ht 12 gam hn hp bt Fe v Cu trong dd HNO3 long thu c
dung dch X cha 3 cht tan. Cho t t n d dd Na2CO3 vo dd X, thu c hn hp kt

ta Y gm 3 cht. Lc kt ta Y, ra sch, nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i,
thu c 15,2 gam cht rn. Khi lng Cu trong hn hp ban u l:
PTHH 274.
a. 1,28 g
b. 10,88 g
c. 4,32 g
d. 10,72
g
PTHH 275.
11. tc dng va 7,68 g hn hp gm FeO, Fe3O4 v Fe2O3 cn dng
260 ml dung dch HCl 1M. Dung dch thu c cho tc dng vi NaOH d, lc kt ta,
nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i nhn c m gam cht rn. Gi tr m l:
-60-
PTHH 276.
a. 6
b. 7
c. 8
d. 9
PTHH 277.
12. Cho m gam hn hp A gm FeS2 v FeS vo mt bnh kn cha oxi d.
Nung cho ti khi phn ng xy hon ton thu c kh X v cht rn Z. Kh X c hp th

bng dd Ba(OH)2 d, xut hin 26,04 gam kt ta. ha tan ht cht rn Z cn 120 ml
HNO3 2M. Gi tr m l:
PTHH 278.
a. 4,48
b. 4,96
c. 8,32
d. 13,76
PTHH 279._13. t chy ht 15,00 gam hn hp CO, CH4, C2H4 v C2H2 thu c 41,58 gam
CO2 v 18,54 gam H2O. Phn trm khi lng CO trong hn hp A l:
PTHH 280.
a. 74,67%
b. 18,67%
c. 25,33%
d.
81,33%
PTHH 281.
15. Cho s sn xut H2SO4 trong cng nghip: FeS2 SO2 SO3 H2SO4.
PTHH 282.
T 1,2 tn FeS2 c th sn xut c m tn acid H2SO4 98 % vi hiu sut qu
trnh l 80 %. Gi tr m l:
PTHH 283.
a. 2,0
b. 1,0
c. 0,8
d. 1,6
PTHH 284.
16. Cho 115 gam hn hp ACO3, B2CO3 v R2CO3 tc dng ht vi dd HCl
thu c 22,4 lt CO2(ktc). Khi lng mui clorua to ra trong dd l:

PTHH 285.
a. 162,0 g
b. 126,0g
c. 116,1 g
d.
161,1 g
PTHH 286.
17. Nhng mt thanh nhm nng 50,00 gam vo 400 ml dd CuSO4 0,5 M. Sau
mt thi gian ly thanh nhm ra cn nng 51,38 gam. Gi thit ng thot ra bm vo thanh
nhm. Khi lng ng bm trn thanh nhm l:
PTHH 287.
a. 7,16 g
b. 1,38 g
c. 1,92 g
d. 6,17 g
PTHH 288.
18. (H khi A- 2008): Cho 11,36 gam hn hp gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3 v Fe3O4
phn ng ht vi dung dch HNO3 long d, thu c 1,344 lt kh NO ( sn phm kh duy

nht, ktc) v dung dch X. C cn dd X thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l:
PTHH 289.
a. 38,72 g
b. 35,5 g
c. 49,09 g
d. 34,36
g
PTHH 290.
19. (H khi A 2008): Cho 3,2 gam bt Cu tc dng vi 100 ml dung dch
HNO3 0,8M v H2SO4 0,2M. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton sinh ra V lt kh NO (sn
phm kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca V l:
-61-
PTHH 291.
a. 0,746
b. 0,448
c. 1,972
d. 0,672
PTHH 292.
20. Nung 29,28 gam hn hp X gm FeO v Fe2O3 trong bnh ha 22,4 lt kh
CO(ktc). Phn ng kt thc thu c cht rn ch c kim loi Fe v 36 g hn hp kh Y.

Tnh % hn hp kh Y
PTHH 293.
a. 50 % CO2 v 50% CO
b. 25 % CO2 v 75 % CO.
PTHH 294.
b. 30%CO2 v 70%CO
d. 75%CO2 v 25% CO
PTHH 295.
21.( H khi A 2012) Cho 2,8 gam bt st vo 200 ml dung dch gm
AgNO3 0,1 M v Cu(NO3)2 0,5 M. Khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c m gam cht
rn X. Gi tr ca m l:
PTHH 296.
a. 3,2
b. 4,72
c. 4,08
d.
4,48
PTHH 297.
22. (H khi A- 2012) Ha tan hon ton 2,43 gam hn hp gm Mg v Zn
vo mt lng va dung dch H2SO4 long, sau phn ng thu c 1,12 lt kh H2( ktc)
v dung dch X. Khi lng mui trong dung dch X l:
PTHH 298.
a. 4,83 gam
b. 7,23 gam
c. 7,33 gam
d. 5,83
gam
PTHH 299._23. ( H khi A 2011) Cho 7,68 gam Cu vo 200 ml dung dch gm HNO3 0,6 M
v H2SO4 0,5 M. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton ( sn phm kh duy nht l NO). C
cn cn thn ton b dung dch sau phn ng th khi lng mui khan thu c sau phn
ng l:
PTHH 300.
a. 20.16g
b. 19.20g
c. 19.76g
d.
22.56g.
PTHH 301.
24. ( H khi A 2011) Cho m gam hn hp Cu v Fe c t l khi lng
tng ng l 7:3 tc dng vi HNO3 thu c 0.75m gam cht rn, dung dch X v 5.6 lt
hn hp kh NO v NO2. Bit lng HNO3 phn ng l 44,1 gam. Gi tr m l:
PTHH 302.
a. 50,4 g
b. 40,5 g
c. 33,6 g
d. 44,8g.
PTHH 303.
25. (H khi A 2011) Cho 2,7 gam hn hp bt X gm Fe v Zn tc dng
vi dung dch CuSO4 thu c dd Y v 2,84 gam cht rn Z. Ha tan hon ton Z bng
H2SO4 long d thu c 1 mui duy nht. Thnh phn % v khi lng ca Fe trong X l:
PTHH 304.
a. 41.48%
b. 58.52%
c. 48.15%
d.
51.58%
-62-
PTHH 305.
26. (H khi B 2010) Nung 2,23 gam hn hp X gm cc kim loi Fe,
Al, Zn, Mg trong oxi, sau mt thi gian thu c 2,71 gam hn hp Y. Ha tan hon ton Y
vo dung dch HNO3 (d), thu c 0,672 lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). S
mol HNO3 phn ng l
PTHH 306.
A. 0,12
B. 0,14.
C. 0,16.
D.
0,18.
PTHH 307.
27. (H khi B 2010) Kh hon ton m gam oxit M xOy cn va
17,92 lt kh CO (ktc), thu c a gam kim loi M. Ha tan ht a gam M bng dung dch
H2SO4 c nng (d), thu c 20,16 lt kh SO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Oxit
MxOy l
PTHH 308.
PTHH 309.
A. Cr2O3.
B. FeO.
C. Fe3O4.
D. CrO.
28. (H khi B 2010) Ha tan hon ton 2,44 gam hn hp bt X gm
FexOy v Cu bng dung dch H2SO4 c nng (d). Sau phn ng thu c 0,504 lt kh SO 2
(sn phm kh duy nht, ktc) v dung dch cha 6,6 gam hn hp mui sunfat. Phn
trm khi lng ca Cu trong X l
PTHH 310.
A. 39,34%.
B. 65,57%.
C. 26,23%.
D.
13,11%.
PTHH 311.
29. (H khi B 2010) Tr n 10,8g b t Al vi 34,8g b t Fe3O4 ri tin hnh
phn ng nhi t nhm trong iu ki n khng c khng kh. Ho tan hon ton hn hp rn
sau phn ng bng dung dch H2SO4 long (d) thu c 10,752 lt kh H2 (ktc). Hi u sut
ca phn ng nhi t nhm l
PTHH 312.
PTHH 313.
A. 80%
B. 90%
C. 70%
D. 60%
30. (H khi B 2010) Ho tan hon ton 2,45 gam hn hp X gm hai kim
loi kim th vo 200 ml dung dch HCl 1,25M, thu c dung dch Y cha cc cht tan c
nng mol bng nhau. Hai kim loi trong X l
PTHH 314.
A. Mg v Ca
B. Be v Mg
C. Mg v Sr
D. Be v
Ca
-63-
PTHH 315.
PTHH 316.
PTHH 317.
PTHH 318.
1
CHUYN 6
CC NGUYN T NHM HALOGEN

PHN I. BI TP L THUYT
DNG 1. B TC V PHNG TRNH PHN NG
Vit phng trnh phn ng n thun, hon thnh phng trnh

PTHH 319.
Bi 1. Vit cc phng trnh ha hc phn ng xy ra (nu c) khi ln
lt cho cc cht sau tc dng vi Clo, Br2, I2:

PTHH 320.
a) K, Na, Rb, Mg, Ba, Al, Fe, Ca, Zn, Cu, H2, H2O.
PTHH 321. b) KOH( t0 thng), KOH( 1000C), NaOH, Ca(OH)2, KBr, NaBr, NaI,
KI, MgBr2, CaBr2, BaBr2
PTHH 322.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 323.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 324.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 325.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 326.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 327.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 328.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 329.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 330.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 331.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 332.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
-64-
PTHH 333.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 334.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 335.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 336.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 337.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 338.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 339.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 340.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 341.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 342.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 343.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 344.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 345.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 346.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 347.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 348.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 349.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
-65-
PTHH 350.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 351.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 352.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 353.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 354.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 355.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 356.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 357.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 358.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 359.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 360.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 361.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 362.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 363.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 364.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 365.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 366.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
-66-
PTHH 367.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 368.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 369.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 370.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 371.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 372.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 373.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 374.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 375.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 376.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 377.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 378.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 379.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 380.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 381.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 382.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 383.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
-67-
PTHH 384.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 385.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 386.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 387.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 388.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 389.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 390.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 391.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 392.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 393.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 394.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 395.
Bi 2. Vit cc phng trnh ha hc phn ng xy ra (nu c) khi ln
lt cho cc cht sau tc dng vi HCl, HBr:
PTHH 396.
a) K, Na, Rb, Mg, Ba, Al, Fe, Ca, Zn, Cu, H2.
PTHH 397.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 398.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 399.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 400.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
-68-
PTHH 401.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 402.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 403.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 404.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 405.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 406.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 407.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 408.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 409.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 410.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 411.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 412.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 413.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 414.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 415.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 416.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 417.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
-69-
PTHH 418.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 419.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 420.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 421.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 422.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 423.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 424.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 425.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 426.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 427.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 428.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 429.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 430.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 431.
b) K2O, Na2O, Rb2O, MgO, BaO, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, ZnO, FeO, CuO
PTHH 432.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 433.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 434.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
-70-
PTHH 435.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 436.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 437.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 438.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 439.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 440.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 441.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 442.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 443.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 444.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 445.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 446.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 447.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 448.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 449.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 450.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 451.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
-71-
PTHH 452.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 453.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 454.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 455.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 456.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 457.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 458.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 459.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 460.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 461.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 462.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 463.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 464.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 465.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 466.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 467.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 468.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
-72-
PTHH 469.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 470.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
c) K2CO3, Na2CO3, Rb2CO3, MgCO3, BaCO3, CaCO3, AgNO3
PTHH 471.
PTHH 472.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 473.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 474.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 475.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 476.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 477.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 478.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 479.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 480.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 481.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 482.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 483.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 484.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 485.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
-73-
PTHH 486.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 487.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 488.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 489.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 490.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 491.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 492.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 493.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 494.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 495.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 496.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 497.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 498.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 499.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 500.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 501.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 502.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
-74-
PTHH 503.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 504.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 505.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 506.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 507.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 508.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 509.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 510.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 511.
d) KOH, NaOH, RbOH, Mg(OH)2, Ba(OH)2, Al(OH)3, Fe(OH)2,
Ca(OH)2, Zn(OH)2, Cu(OH)2
PTHH 512.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 513.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 514.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 515.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 516.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 517.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 518.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 519.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
-75-
PTHH 520.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 521.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 522.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 523.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 524.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 525.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 526.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 527.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 528.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 529.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 530.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 531.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 532.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 533.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 534.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 535.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 536.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
-76-
PTHH 537.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 538.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 539.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 540.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 541.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 542.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 543.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 544.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 545.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 546.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 547.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 548.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 549.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 550.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 551.
e) MnO2, KMnO4, K2Cr2O7
PTHH 552.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 553.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
-77-
PTHH 554.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 555.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 556.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 557.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 558.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 559.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 560.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 561.
Bi 3.Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra (nu c) khi ln lt cho
cc cp cht sau tc dng vi nhau:
PTHH 562.
+ ZnBr2
PTHH 563.
NaI
PTHH 564.
a) NaCl
PTHH 568.
b) HBr +
Pb(NO3)2 + ZnBr2
PTHH 569.
h) HCl +
c)
Fe(OH)2
AgNO3
PTHH 567.
n) KF +
AgNO3
PTHH 575.
o) HBr +
i) NaCl +
NaOH
PTHH 576.
PTHH 570.
p) KBr +
k) KBr +
I2
PTHH 577.
q) HCl +
I2
PTHH 571.
Cl2
e) KCl +
PTHH 572.
K2SO3
l) KI +
Cl2
f) CuSO4
+ KI
PTHH 578.
PTHH 574.
FeO
AgNO3 + ZnBr2
PTHH 565.
d) HCl +
PTHH 566.
g)
PTHH 573.
m) HCl +
CaCO3
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 579.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
-78-
PTHH 580.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 581.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 582.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 583.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 584.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 585.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 586.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 587.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 588.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 589.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 590.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 591.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 592.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 593.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 594.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 595.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 596.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
-79-
PTHH 597.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
2
Vit phng trnh phn ng thc hin chui chuyn ha

PTHH 598.
Bi 4. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra cho cc s sau:
PTHH 599.
a) HCl Cl2 FeCl3 NaCl HCl CuCl2 AgCL
PTHH 600.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 601.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 602.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 603.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 604.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 605.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 606.
b) KMnO4Cl2HCl FeCl3 AgCl Cl2Br2I2ZnI2 Zn(OH)2
PTHH 607.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 608.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 609.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 610.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 611.
....................................................................................................................
............................
-80-
PTHH 612.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 613.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 614.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 615.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 616.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 617.
c) KCl Cl2KClOKClO3KClO4KClKNO3
PTHH 618.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 619.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 620.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 621.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 622.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 623.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 624.
....................................................................................................................
............................
-81-
PTHH 625.
d) Cl2KClO3KCl Cl2Ca(ClO)2CaCl2Cl2O2
PTHH 626.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 627.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 628.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 629.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 630.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 631.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 632.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 633.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 634.
e) KMnO4 Cl2 KClO3 KCl Cl2 HCl FeCl2 FeCl3
Fe(OH)3
PTHH 635.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 636.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 637.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 638.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 639.
....................................................................................................................
............................
-82-
PTHH 640.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 641.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 642.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 643.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 644.
f) CaCl2 NaCl HCl Cl2 CaOCl2 CaCO3 CaCl2 NaCl
NaClO
PTHH 645.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 646.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 647.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 648.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 649.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 650.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 651.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 652.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 653.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 654.
g) KI I2 HI HCl KCl Cl2 HCLO O2 Cl2 Br2 I2

-83-
PTHH 655.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 656.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 657.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 658.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 659.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 660.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 661.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 662.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 663.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 664.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 665.
h) KMnO4 Cl2 HCl FeCl2 AgCl Ag
PTHH 666.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 667.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 668.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 669.
....................................................................................................................
............................
-84-
PTHH 670.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 671.
i) HCl Cl2 FeCl3 Fe(OH)3 Fe2(SO4)3
PTHH 672.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 673.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 674.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 675.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 676.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 677.
j)HCl Cl2 NaCl HCl CuCl2 AgCl Ag
PTHH 678.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 679.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 680.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 681.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 682.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 683.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 684.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 685.
k) MnO2 Cl2 KClO3 KCl HCl Cl2 Clorua vi

-85-
PTHH 686.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 687.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 688.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 689.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 690.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 691.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 692.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 693.
Bi 5. Hy biu din s bin i cc cht sau bng phng trnh ho
hc:
a
NaCl + H2SO4 Kh (A) + (B)
(A) + MnO2 Kh (C) + rn (D) + (E)
(C) + NaBr (F) + (G)
(F) + NaI (H) + (I)
(G) + AgNO3 (J) + (K)
(A) + NaOH (G) + (E)
PTHH 694.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 695.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 696.
....................................................................................................................
............................
-86-
PTHH 697.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 698.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 699.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 700.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 701.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 702.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 703.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 704.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 705.
PTHH 706.
Bi 6. Xc nh A, B, C, D v hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng
sau:
a
b
c
d
e
MnO2 + (A) MnCl2 + (B) + (C)

(B) + H2 (A)
(A) + (D) FeCl2 + H2
(B) + (D) FeCl3
(B) + (C) (A) + HClO
PTHH 707.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 708.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 709.
....................................................................................................................
............................
-87-
PTHH 710.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 711.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 712.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 713.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 714.
3
Vit phng trnh gii thch hin tng thc nghim.

PTHH 715.
Bi 7. Sc kh Cl2 qua dung dch Na2CO3 thy c kh CO2 thot ra. Hy
vit PTHH ca cc phn ng xy ra.

PTHH 716.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 717.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 718.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 719.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 720.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 721.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 722.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 723.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 724.
Bi 8. Gii thch cc hin tng sau, vit phng trnh phn ng:
-88-
PTHH 725.
a) Cho lung kh clo qua dung dch kali bromua mt thi gian di.
PTHH 726.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 727.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 728.
b) Thm dn dn nc clo vo dung dch kali iotua c cha sn mt t
tinh bt.
PTHH 729.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 730.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 731.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 732.
c) a ra nh sng ng nghim ng bc clorua c nh thm t git
dung dch qu tm.

PTHH 733.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 734.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 735.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 736.
d) Sc kh lu hunh ioxit vo dung dch nc brom.
PTHH 737.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 738.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 739.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 740.
e) Ti sao c th iu ch nc clo nhng khng th iu ch nc flo?

-89-
PTHH 741.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 742.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 743.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 744.
PTHH 745.
Bi 9. Trc nghim
Cu 1. Mt hc sinh thc hin th nghim iu ch v th tnh cht ca
clo m. Sau khi iu ch hc sinh thi kh Clo t ng dn vo ming giy qu tm

m thy ming giy qu tm m b mt mu vy c th kt lun: Clo m c tnh ty
mu l do:
PTHH 746.
A. Cl2 c tnh oxi ho mnh.
PTHH 747.
B. Cl2 tc dng vi H2O to HClO c tnh oxi ho mnh dn n tnh ty
mu.
PTHH 748.
PTHH 749.
PTHH 750.
PTHH 751.
C. to thnh axit HCl c tnh ty mu.

D. to thnh axit HClO c tnh kh mnh c tc dng ty mu.
Cu 2. Mt bnh cu ng y kh HCl, c y bng mt nt cao su
c cm ng thu tinh vut nhn xuyn qua. Nhng ming bnh cu vo mt cc thu
tinh ng dung dch NaOH long c pha thm mt vi git dung dch phenolphtalein
(dung dch c mu hng). Hy d on hin tng xy ra trong TN trn.
A Khng c hin tng g xy ra
B Nc trong cc thu tinh phun mnh vo bnh cu v nc mt mu hng
C Nc trong cc thu tinh phun mnh vo bnh cu v khng mt mu hng ban u
D Nc khng phun vo bnh cu nhng dung dch mt mu dn dn.
PTHH 752.
Cu 3. Khi nh vi git nc Cl2 vo dung dch NH3 c s thy c
khi trng bay ra. Khi trng l cht no di y?
A NH4Cl
PTHH 753.
B. N2
C. HCl
D. Cl2
Cu 4. Khi cho kh clo vo dung dch cha KOH m c c d v un
nng th dung dch thu c cha:

A KCl, KOH d
B. KCl, KClO, KOH
PTHH 754.
C. KCl, KClO3, KOH d
D. Kt qu khc
PTHH 755.
Cu 5. Sn phm to thnh khi cho axit HCl c nng tc dng vi
CaOCl2 gm:
-90-
PTHH 756.
A. CaCl2 + H2O
B. CaCl2 + HCl
PTHH 757.
C. Cl2 + CaCl2 + H2O
D. CaCl2 + HCl + H2O
PTHH 758.
Bi 10. Trc nghim
PTHH 759.
Cu 1. Phn ng no sau y sinh ra kh hiro clorua?
A t kh hiro v kh clo
B Dn kh clo vo nc
C in phn dung dch natri clorua trong nc
D Cho dung dch bc nitrat tc dng vi dung dch natri clorua
PTHH 760.
Cu 2. Khi ho tan Al bng dung dch HCl nu thm vi git thu ngn
vo th qu trnh ho tan Al s:
A xy ra chm hn
B. xy ra nhanh hn
PTHH 761.
C. khng thay i
D. Tt c u sai
PTHH 762.
Cu 3. thu kh Clo trong phng th nghim c th lm theo cch no
sau y?
A Thu trc tip bng phng php y khng kh
B Thu qua dung dch NaCl bo ho
C Thu qua nc nng
D C 3 cch trn
PTHH 763.
Cu 4. nhn bit mi ca kh Clo trong phng th nghim lm theo
cch no sau y?
A a bnh kh Clo ln mi v ht 1 hi
B a bnh kh ln v ht nh
C Dng tay phy nh ming v ngi nhanh
D p bnh xung v ngi
PTHH 764.
Cu 5. iu ch kh HCl trong phng th nghim, dng cch no
trong cc cch di y?
A Cho dung dch BaCl2 tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 lomg
B Cho dung dch KCl tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long
C Cho NaCl tinh th tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 c, nng
D Cho KCl tc dng vi dung dch KMnO4 long c mt dung dch H2SO4
PTHH 765.
Bi 11. Trc nghim
PTHH 766.
Cu 1.Trong mui NaCl c ln NaBr v NaI. loi hai mui ny ra
khi NaCl ngi ta c th:
A nung nng hn hp
B cho hn hp tc dng vi dung dch HCl c
C cho hn hp tc dng vi Cl2 sau un nng
D c A, B, C
PTHH 767.
Cu 2. Khng nn dng bnh thu tinh cha cc cht no di y?
PTHH 768.
A. HNO3
B. H2SO4
C. HF
D. HCl
PTHH 769.
Cu 3. Trong cng nghip clo c iu ch bng cch no sau y?
-91-
PTHH 770.
A. MnO2 + 4HCl c
PTHH 771.
B. 2NaCl + 2H2O
MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O.

2NaOH + Cl2 + H2.
C. 2HCl
H2 + Cl2.
D. F2 + 2NaCl 2NaF + Cl2
PTHH 773.
(dpdd: in phn dung dch ,mnx: mng ngn xp)
PTHH 774.
PTHH 775.
Cu 4. Nc giaven (NaCl+NaClO+H2O) c tnh ty mu l do:
PTHH 776.
A. C cha Clo c tnh oxi ho mnh.
PTHH 777.
B. Trong thnh phn c Cl+1 c tnh oxi ho mnh.
PTHH 778.
C. C cha nhiu ho cht mang tnh oxi ho do c kh nng ty
PTHH 772.
mu.
PTHH 779.
D. Do NaClO tc dng vi CO2(khng kh) to HClO l cht oxi ho
mnh.
PTHH 780.
Cu 5. Trong cng nghip HCl tinh khit c iu ch bng cch no
sau y?
PTHH 781.
PTHH 782.
A. Cho NaCltt phn ng vi H2SO4. B. Cho H2 tc dng vi Cl2d.

C. Cho Cl2 tc dng vi H2 d.
D. Cho BaCl2 phn ng
H2SO4long.
PTHH 783.
Cu 6. Cho cc ho cht sau ho cht no c dng khc ch ln
thu tinh?
PTHH 784.
A. NaF.
NaClO.
PTHH 785.
PTHH 786.
Cu 7. Trong t nhin Br2 c u?

A. Nc bin.
B. Rong bin.
B. HF lng.
C. HCl.
D.
C. Sng h.
D. p
n khc.
PTHH 787.
PTHH 788.
1.4. Bi tp c m hnh th nghim
PTHH 789. Trong nm 2014, thi i hc mn Ha hc c hai khi A v B u
c bin i ln. Mt trong nhng bin i l a vo thi nhng cu hi c m hnh
b trnh th nghim mt dng cu hi c th kim tra hc sinh nhiu kha cnh kin thc
nh l thuyt, nhng ch khi thc hin th nghim, cao cu ni l thuyt v thc hnh
tuy nhin trong cc nm trc u cha thy cp. i theo hng phn ny ca h
thng bi tp s a ra mt s bi tp hc sinh c th lm quen ngay vi lp 10
-92-
NaClbo ho
H2O
PTHH 790.
H1
H2
Bi 1. Khi iu ch kh Clo trong phng th nghim th kh Clo thu c
thu bng 4 cch c th hin cc hnh v di y. Hnh v no th hin hp l

nht ?
PTHH 791.
-93-
MnO2
NaOH
Na2CO3
H4
H3
PTHH 792.
Dd HCl c Eclen sch thu kh Clo
PTHH 793.
A, H1
B, H2
C, H3
D, H4
PTHH 794.
PTHH 795.
Bi 2.
Vi mt m hnh b tr th nghim iu ch Cl2 trong phng th nghim
di y, ngi ra c th ra di dng nhiu ni dung (Ha cht cn b st,

iu kin ha cht s dng (c, long, nng, ...) , mc ch ca vic s dng ha
cht, cch b tr th nghim hp l, th t cho ha cht, ...) .
PTHH 796.
PTHH 797.
PTHH 798.
PTHH 799.
PTHH 800.
PTHH 801.
PTHH 802.
-94-
1
MnO2
MnO2
Dd HCl
HCl c
c
Eclen
schsch
thu
Eclen
kh
thu Clo
kh Clo
Dd
Dd c
HCl c Eclen
Eclen sch
sch
thu
thu kh
kh Clo
Clo
Dd HCl
PTHH 803.
C th nh vi mt lot cc cu trc nghim di y (T Cu 1. n
Cu 6.)
PTHH 804.
Cu 1.Cho hnh v m t th nghim iu ch clo trong phng th
nghim nh sau:
PTHH 805.
PTHH 806.
PTHH 807.
PTHH 808.
PTHH 809.
PTHH 810.
Ha cht c dung trong bnh cu (1) l:
PTHH 811.
A.MnO2
B.KMnO4
PTHH 812.
C.KClO3
D.C 3 ha cht trn u c.
PTHH 813.
Cu 2. Cho Hnh v m t s iu ch Clo trong phng Th nghim nh
sau:
PTHH 814.
PTHH 815.
PTHH 816.
PTHH 817.
PTHH 818.
PTHH 819.
PTHH 820.
PTHH 821.
PTHH 822.
PTHH 823.
PTHH 824.
Vai tr ca dung dch NaCl l:

A.Ha tan kh Clo.
B.Gi li kh hidroClorua.
C.Gi li hi nc
D.C 3 p n trn u ng.
sau:
PTHH 825.
PTHH 826.
PTHH 827.
PTHH 828.
PTHH 829.
PTHH 830.
PTHH 831.
PTHH 832.
PTHH 833.
PTHH 834.
PTHH 835.
Vai tr ca dung dch H2SO4 c l:

A.Gi li kh Clo.
B.Gi li kh HCl
C.Gi li hi nc
D.Khng c vai tr g.
sau:
PTHH 836.
PTHH 837.
-95-
PTHH 838.
PTHH 839.
PTHH 840.
PTHH 841.
PTHH 842.
PTHH 843.
PTHH 844.
Pht biu no sau y khng ng:
PTHH 845. A.Dung dch H2SO4 c c vai tr ht nc, c th thay H2SO4 bng
CaO.
PTHH 846. B.Kh Clo thu c trong bnh eclen l kh Clo kh.
C.C th thay MnO2 bng KMnO4 hoc KClO3
PTHH 847.
PTHH 848. D.Khng th thay dung dch HCl bng dung dch NaCl.
PTHH 849.
-96-
MnO2
PTHH 850.
Dd HCl c Eclen sch thu kh Clo
sau:
PTHH 851.
PTHH 852.
PTHH 853.
PTHH 854.
PTHH 855.
PTHH 856.
PTHH 857.
PTHH 858. Kh Clo thu c trong bnh eclen l:
PTHH 859. A.Kh clo kh
B.Kh clo c ln H2O
PTHH 860. C.Kh clo c ln kh HCl
D.C B v C u ng.
PTHH 861.
Cu 6. Cho hnh m t th nghim iu ch kh Cl 2 t MnO2 v
dung dch HCl:
PTHH 862.
PTHH 863.
Kh Cl2 dinh ra thng ln hi nc v hiro clorua. thu c
kh Cl2 kh th bnh (1) v bnh (2) ln lt ng

PTHH 864.
A. dung dch NaOH v dung dch H2SO4 c.
PTHH 865.
B. dung dch H2SO4 c v dung dch NaCl.
PTHH 866.
C. dung dch H2SO4 c v dung dch AgNO3.
PTHH 867.
D. dung dch NaCl v dung dch H-2SO4 c.

PTHH 868.
(Trch thi i hc mn ha hc khi B-2014)
PTHH 869.
PTHH 870.
-97-
PTHH 871.
PTHH 872.
Bi 3.
Cu 1. Kh Hidroclorua l cht kh tan rt nhiu trong nc to thnh
dung dch axit clohdric. Trong th nghim th tnh tan ca kh hidroclorua trong
nc, c hin tng nc phun mnh vo bnh cha kh nh hnh v m t di y.
PTHH 873. Nguyn nhn gy nn hin tng l:
PTHH 874.
A.Do kh HCl tc dng vi nc ko nc vo
bnh.
PTHH 875.
B.Do HCl tan mnh lm gim p sut trong
bnh.
PTHH
NaCl876.
(r) + H2SO4()
C.Do trong bnh cha kh HCl ban u khng
c nc.
PTHH 877.
PTHH 878.
D.Tt c cc nguyn nhn trn u ng

Cu 2. Cho TN v tnh tan ca khi HCl nh hnh v,Trong bnh ban u
cha kh HCl, trong nc c nh thm vi git qu tm.

PTHH 879.
Hin tng xy ra trong bnh khi cm ng thy tinh
vo nc:
PTHH 880.
PTHH 881.
A.Nc phun vo bnh v chuyn sang mu

B.Nc phun vo bnh v chuyn sang mu
xanh
PTHH 882.
PTHH 883.
C.Nc phun vo bnh v vn c mu tm

D.Nc phun vo bnh v chuyn thnh khng
mu.
PTHH 884.
PTHH 885.
PTHH 886.
Bi 4.
Cu 1.Cho hnh v m t qu trnh iu ch dung dch HCl trong phng
th nghim
PTHH 887.
PTHH 889.
PTHH 890.
PTHH 891.
Pht biu no sau y l khng ng:

PTHH 888. A.NaCl dng trng thi rn
B.H2SO4 phi c
C.Phn ng xy ra nhit phng.
D.Kh HCl tan vo nc ct to dd axit
Clohidric.
PTHH 892.
PTHH 893.
-98-
NaCl (r) + H2SO4()

dd HCl c
PTHH 894.
Cu 2. Cho hnh v m t qu trnh iu ch dung dch HCl trong
phng th nghim. Phi dng NaCl rn, H2SO4 c v phi un nng v:

PTHH 895.
PTHH 896.
A.Kh HCl c kh nng tan trong nc rt
MnO2
mnh.
PTHH 897.
B.un nng kh HCl thot ra khi dung
dch
PTHH 898.
C. phn ng xy ra d dng hn
PTHH 899.
D.C 3 p n trn.
PTHH 900.
PTHH 901.
PTHH 902.
Bi 4. Cho th nghim sau:
PTHH 903.
Hin tng xy ra trong th nghim bn l:
PTHH 904.
A.C kh mu vng sinh ra, ng thi c kt ta
PTHH 905.
B.Ch c kh mu vng thot ra
PTHH 906.
C.Cht rn MnO2 tan dn
PTHH 907.
D.C B v C
PTHH 908.
Bi 5.
PTHH 909.
Cu 1. Cho hnh v thu kh nh sau:
PTHH 910. Nhng kh no trong s cc kh H2, N2, NH3 ,O2, Cl2, CO2,HCl,
PTHH 911.
SO2, H2S c th thu c theo cch trn?
PTHH 912.
A)H2, NH3, N2, HCl, CO2
B)H2, N2, NH3, CO2
PTHH 913.
C) O2, Cl2, H2S, SO2, CO2, HCl
D)Tt c cc kh trn
PTHH 914.
PTHH 915.
Cu 2.Cho hnh v di y ni v cch thu kh bng phng php di
nc
PTHH 916.
Hnh v bn c th p dng thu c nhng kh no trong cc kh sau
y?
PTHH 917.
A)H2, N2, O2, CO2, HCl, H2S
PTHH 918.
B)O2, N2, H2, CO2, SO2,
PTHH 919.
C)NH3, HCl, CO2, SO2, Cl2
D)NH3, O2, N2, HCl, CO2
PTHH 920.
PTHH 921.
PTHH 922.
1.4.
Bi tp iu ch
a) T MnO2, HCl c, Fe hy vit cc phng trnh phn ng iu ch
Cl2, FeCl2 v FeCl3.

PTHH 923.
....................................................................................................................
............................
-99-
PTHH 924.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 925.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 926.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 927.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 928.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 929.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 930.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 931.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 932.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 933.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 934.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 935.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 936.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 937.
....................................................................................................................
............................
-100-
PTHH 938.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 939.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 940.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 941.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 942.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 943.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 944.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 945.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 946.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 947.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 948.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 949.
b) T mui n, nc v cc thit b cn thit, hy vit cc phng trnh
phn ng iu ch Cl2 , HCl v nc Javel .

PTHH 950.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 951.
....................................................................................................................
............................
-101-
PTHH 952.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 953.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 954.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 955.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 956.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 957.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 958.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 959.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 960.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 961.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 962.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 963.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 964.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 965.
....................................................................................................................
............................
-102-
PTHH 966.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 967.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 968.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 969.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 970.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 971.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 972.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 973.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 974.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 975.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 976.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 977.
1
DNG 2. NHN BIT, TCH CHT
Nhn bit t do (khng gii hn thuc th)

PTHH 978.
a) KOH, NaCl, HCl
b) KOH, NaCl, HCl,
NaNO3
PTHH 979.
....................................................................................................................
............................
-103-
PTHH 980.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 981.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 982.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 983.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 984.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 985.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 986.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 987.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 988.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 989.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 990.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 991.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 992.
c) NaOH, NaCl, HCl, NaNO3, KI
d) NaOH, NaCl, CuSO4,
AgNO3
PTHH 993.
....................................................................................................................
............................
-104-
PTHH 994.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 995.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 996.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 997.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 998.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 999.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1000.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1001.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1002.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1003.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1004.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1005.
e) NaOH, HCl, MgBr2, I2, h tinh bt
PTHH 1006.
f) NaOH, HCl, CuSO4, HI, HNO3
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1007.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1008.
....................................................................................................................
............................
-105-
PTHH 1009.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1010.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1011.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1012.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1013.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1014.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1015.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1016.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1017.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1018.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1019.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1020.
....................................................................................................................
............................
2
Nhn bit c gii hn thuc th

PTHH 1021.
a) KI, NaCl, HNO3
b) KBr, ZnI2, HCl,
Mg(NO3)2
PTHH 1022.
....................................................................................................................
............................
-106-
PTHH 1023.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1024.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1025.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1026.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1027.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1028.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1029.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1030.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1031.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1032.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1033.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1034.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1035.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1036.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1037.
c) CaI2, AgNO3, Hg(NO3)2, HI
d) KI, NaCl, Mg(NO3)2, HgCl2

-107-
PTHH 1038.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1039.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1040.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1041.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1042.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1043.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1044.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1045.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1046.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1047.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1048.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1049.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1050.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1051.
....................................................................................................................
............................
-108-
PTHH 1052.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1053.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1054.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1055.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1056.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1057.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1058.
-109-
Nhn bit khng s dng thuc th

PTHH 1059.
a) KOH, CuCl2, HCl, ZnBr2
PTHH 1060.
b) NaOH, HCl, Cu(NO3)2, AlCl3
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1061.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1062.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1063.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1064.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1065.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1066.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1067.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1068.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1069.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1070.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1071.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1072.
....................................................................................................................
............................
-110-
PTHH 1073.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1074.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1075.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1076.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1077.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1078.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1079.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1080.
PTHH 1081.
c) KOH, KCl, CuSO4, AgNO3
PTHH 1082.
d) HgCl2, KI, AgNO3, Na2CO3
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1083.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1084.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1085.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1086.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1087.
....................................................................................................................
............................
-111-
PTHH 1088.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1089.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1090.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1091.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1092.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1093.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1094.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1095.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1096.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1097.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1098.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1099.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1100.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1101.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1102.
-112-
Tch cht
PTHH 1103. * Nguyn tc chung:
PTHH 1104.
- Ch tc dng ln mt cht trong hn hp v sn phm to
thnh c th c tch d dng khi hn hp bng phng php vt l (nh

to kt ta, to thnh hai dung dch khng tan vo nhau)
PTHH 1105.
- T sn phm ti to (iu ch) li cht ban u.
PTHH 1106. * S qu trnh tch c thc hin theo cc bc sau:

PTHH 1107. Bc 1: Chn cht X ch tc dng vi cht A (m khng tc dng
vi cht B trong hn hp) chuyn A thnh A1 dng kt ta, bay hi hoc ha
tan, sau tch ra khi B (bng cch lc hoc t tch)
PTHH 1108. Bc 2: iu ch li cht A t cht A1
PTHH 1109. S tng qut chung:

PTHH 1110.
*Ch : Nu hn hp A, B u tc dng c vi X th dng cht
X chuyn c A, B trong hn hp thnh A1, B1 ri tch A1, B1 thnh 2 nhm. Sau

tin hnh bc 2 (iu ch li A t A1, B t B1 )
PTHH 1111.
S tng qut chung:
PTHH 1112.
PTHH 1113.
Bi 1. Mt loi mui n c ln tp cht MgCl2, Na2SO4, MgSO4. Hy
trnh by cch loi cc tp cht thu c mui n tinh khit.

PTHH 1114.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1115.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1116.
....................................................................................................................
............................
-113-
PTHH 1117.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1118.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1119.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1120.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1121.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1122.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1123.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1124.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1125.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1126.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1127.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1128.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1129.
-114-
PTHH 1130.
Bi 2 . Tch ring tng mui trong hn hp rn mu trng gm CaCl 2 v
NaCl
PTHH 1131.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1132.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1133.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1134.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1135.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1136.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1137.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1138.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1139.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1140.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1141.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1142.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1143.
....................................................................................................................
............................
-115-
PTHH 1144.
....................................................................................................................
............................
PTHH 1145.
....................................................................................................................
............................
-116-
PTHH 1146.
PTHH 1147.
CHUYN 7
CC NGUYN T NHM OXI (OXI

LU HUNH)
PTHH 1148.
PHN 1. CC DNG BI TP L
THUYT
PTHH 1149. Dng 1. Chui phn ng, s chuyn ha
PTHH 1150.
(1)
(3)
Chui phn ng 1.
C mi trng thi
(2)
(4)
(6)
(5)
PTHH 1151.
PTHH 1152.
PTHH 1153.
(7)
X
Hng dn:
lm c dng bi tp ny, hc sinh cn nm r khng ch l bn
cht phn ng m c khi c nhng tnh cht vt l ca cc cht cng cn bit.

PTHH 1154. in hnh nh vi chui phn ng s 1 ny Ac kh mi khai ta c th suy
c A l kh hidrosunfua H2S. Tm c A coi nh c c cha kha tm ra
cc cht cn li
PTHH 1155. (X: S, A: H2S, B: SO2, D: H2O, Y: H2SO4, Z: HBr, E: FeS, G: FeSO4
(FeBr2))
PTHH 1156.
PTHH 1157.
Cc phng trnh ha hc phn ng xy ra

....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1158. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
-117-
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
-118-
PTHH 1159.
PTHH 1160.
Chui phn ng 2.
(1)
(2)
PTHH 1161.
PTHH 1162.
....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1163. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1164. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1165. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1166.
Chui phn ng 3. Vi B l mt bazo thng dng trong cuc sng

-119-
PTHH 1167.
+F
(10)
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
..................
PTHH 1168. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1169. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1170. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1171. Chui phn ng 4.
(1)
Bit rng:
A, A1, A2 l hp cht ca S
B, B2, B2 l hp cht ca
PTHH 1172.
PTHH 1173.
Cu hoc Cu kim loi
....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
-120-
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1174. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1175. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1176. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1178.
PTHH 1179.
....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1180. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1181. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1182.
-121-
PTHH 1184.
Bit rng: A1 l hp cht ca S v 2 nguyn t khc c phn t khi

PTHH 1185. M = 51gam/mol, tng s nguyn t cc nguyn t trong A1 l 7
PTHH 1186. Hng dn: Ta cn ch rng hnh thnh mui khng nht thit phi l
cation kim loi kt hp vi anion gc axit
PTHH 1187. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1188. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1189. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1191.
(5)
(8)
(10)
(9)
(11)
(12)
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
..................
-122-
PTHH 1192.
....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1193. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1194. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1195. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1197. Lu hunh + A X
Lu hunh + B Y
PTHH 1198. Y + A X + E
X+D+EU+V
PTHH 1199. Y + D + E U + V
PTHH 1200. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1201. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1203. A K2MnO4 + B + C
PTHH 1204. C H
B + HCl D + E + G
H + G + K KOH + F +
C
PTHH 1205.
D + KOH L + M + G
D + K L + F
-123-
PTHH 1206.
PTHH 1207.
M L + C
....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1208. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1209. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1211. A + C D
D + E A + H2O
PTHH 1212. A + B E
D + KMnO4 + H2O G + H + F
PTHH 1213. A + F D + H2O
E + KMnO4 + F A + G + H + H2O
PTHH 1214. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1215. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1216. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1217.
-124-
PTHH 1218.
PTHH 1219.
Chui phn ng 11.
(10)
PTHH 1220.
+O2/xt
....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1221. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1222. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1223. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1224. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
-125-
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1225. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1226. Dng 2, Nhn bit

PTHH 1227.
PTHH 1228.
I, Nhn bit vi thuc th t do (Khng gii hn g v thuc th)

Cu 1. Trnh by phng php nhn bit cc kh sau ng trong cc
bnh ring bit

a SO2; SO3; H2S; O2; O3; CO2
PTHH 1229.
....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1230. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1231. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
b CO2, SO2, H2S, N2
PTHH 1232.
....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1233. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
-126-
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
c O3, O2, CO2, SO2, N2
PTHH 1234.
....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1235. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1236.
PTHH 1237.
a
b
Cu 2. Nhn bit s c mt cc cht trong cng mt hn hp
HCl, H2SO4, HNO3

CO, CO2, SO3
PTHH 1238.
Hng dn: Dng bi tp ny c im khc so vi v d nu ra
trn. V d trn cc mu ha cht dng nhn bit c bo qun trong cc bnh

cha ring bit nhng vi v d ny cc cht c trn vi nhau thnh mt hn hp
ng nht chnh v th nn vic nhn bit s c mt ca ha cht s c s chn lc
v phc tp hn
PTHH 1239. Vi cu a c th nhn bit s c mt ca ha cht nh sau:
PTHH 1240. *Nh dung dch Ba(OH)2 vo mu th thy c kt ta mu trng bn
PTHH 1241.
PTHH 1243.
PTHH 1244.
c mt H2SO4
PTHH 1242.
Ba(OH)2 + H2SO4 BaSO4 + 2H2O
*Nh tip dung dch AgNO3 vo thy xut hin kt ta mu trng bn
c mt ion clorua c mt HCl (v cc cht trong hn hp u l
axit)
PTHH 1246.
PTHH 1245.
HCl + AgNO3 AgCl + HNO3
*Ly mt mu th khc ri cho mt lng Cu ming vo v un nng
thy thot kh khng mu ha nu trong khng kh c mt HNO3 (ion nitrat trong mi

trng axit)
PTHH 1247.
8HNO3 + 3Cu 3Cu(NO3)2 + 3NO + 4H2O

-127-
PTHH 1248.
PTHH 1249.
2NO + O2 2NO2
....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1250. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1251. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
-128-
PTHH 1252.
Cu 3. Nhn bit cc dung dch mt nhn sau y
a BaCl2, NaOH, AlNH4(SO4)2, KHSO4

PTHH 1253.
....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1254. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1255. ....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
........................................
PTHH 1256. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.................................
b (NH4)2SO4, K2CO3, MgSO4, Al2(SO4)3, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3
PTHH 1257.
....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.....................................
PTHH 1258. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1259. ....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
........................................
-129-
PTHH 1260.
....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.................................
-130-
c KI, BaCl2, Na2CO3, Na2SO4, NaOH, (NH4)2SO4, nc clo

PTHH 1261.
....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.....................................
PTHH 1262. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1263. ....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
.................................. ......................................................................................................
.........................................
PTHH 1264. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
................................. .......................................................................................................
........................................
PTHH 1265. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.................................
d NaCl, K2CO3, Na2SO4, HCl, Ba(NO3)2
PTHH 1266.
....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
..................................
PTHH 1267. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
...........................................
PTHH 1268. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
-131-
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1269. ....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
........................................
PTHH 1270.
PTHH 1271.
PTHH 1272.
PTHH 1273.
II, Nhn bit c gii hn thuc th

Cu 4. Ch dng qu tm nhn bit cc dung dch mt nhn sau
Hng dn: Dng qu tm nhn bit cc ha cht ta s phn bit c
cht hoc cc cht trong nhm theo khong pH hay mi trng m n th hin. Khc
vi chng trnh hc THCS, ngoi axit bazo, mt s mui vn c kh nng lm thay
i mu qu tm cn ch
PTHH 1274.
+, Qu tm ha (mi trng axit) vi mt s mui:
PTHH 1275. Hidrosunfat [ X(HSO4)n ]; amoni [ (NH4)nY ]
PTHH 1276.
+, Qu tm ha xanh (mi trng kim) vi mt s mui:
PTHH 1277.
Cacbonat (
); Sunfua (S2-); Sunfit (
1 Na2SO4, Na2CO3, H2SO4, BaCl2

PTHH 1278.
....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
..................................
PTHH 1279. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
...........................................
PTHH 1280. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
-132-
PTHH 1281.
....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
........................................
2 HCl; Na2SO4; NaCl; Ba(OH)2
PTHH 1282.
....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
..................................
PTHH 1283. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
...........................................
PTHH 1284. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1285. ....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
........................................
3 HCl; NaOH; AgNO3; Na2S
PTHH 1286.
....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
..................................
PTHH 1287. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
...........................................
-133-
PTHH 1288.
....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1289. ....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
........................................
4 K2S, K2CO3, K2SO3, NaHSO4, CaCl2
PTHH 1290.
....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
..................................
PTHH 1291. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
...........................................
PTHH 1292. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1293. ....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
........................................
PTHH 1294.
PTHH 1295.
Cu 5. Ch dng mt thuc th duy nht nhn bit cc dung dch mt
nhn sau
1 FeSO4; Fe2(SO4)3; CuSO4; Na2SO4.
-134-
PTHH 1296.
....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
..................................
PTHH 1297. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
...........................................
PTHH 1298. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
2 H2SO4, CuSO4, BaCl2
PTHH 1299.
....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
..................................
PTHH 1300. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
...........................................
PTHH 1301. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1302.
PTHH 1303.
PTHH 1304.
Hng dn:
1, C th dng dung dch kim NaOH, KOH hoc mui c mi trng
kim nh Natri cacbonat

PTHH 1305.
PTHH 1306.
PTHH 1307.
PTHH 1308.
PTHH 1309.
FeSO4
Fe2(SO4)3
CuSO4
Na2SO4
-135-
PTHH 1310.
NaOH
PTHH 1315.
PTHH 1316.
PTHH 1317.
PTHH 1311.
trng
PTHH 1312.
nu
xanh
2, C th dng dung dch NaOH
PTHH 1313.
xanh lam
PTHH 1314.
Khng hin
tng g
Cu 6. Ch dng thm mt kim loi hy nhn bit cc dung dch mt
nhn sau
1 FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3, CuCl2, Al2(SO4)3
2 Na2SO4, Na2CO3, HCl, Ba(NO3)2.
PTHH 1318.
PTHH 1319.
Hng dn:
1, Ta nhn thy cc mui to t 2 loi gc axit nn nu nhn theo
gc axit s rt kh nn nh hng s nhn theo kim loi to mui. Nh cu trn c

th s nhn bng cch chuyn cc kim loi ny vo trong cc hidroxit vi mu sc
khc nhau. Tuy nhin bi yu cu Ch dng thm mt kim loi nn s dng kim
loi kim, kim th tan trong nc nhn. Nn dng kim loi kim an ton v
nu dng kim th (Ca, Ba) s c nhng hin tng ph
PTHH 1320.
2, Dng Bari
PTHH 1321. ....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
..................................
PTHH 1322. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
...........................................
PTHH 1323. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1324. ....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
-136-
.........................................................................................................................................
........................................
PTHH 1325. ....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
..................................
PTHH 1326. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
...........................................
PTHH 1327. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
PTHH 1328. ....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
........................................
PTHH 1329. ....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
..................................
PTHH 1330. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
...........................................
PTHH 1331. ....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.......................................
-137-
PTHH 1332.
....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
........................................
PTHH 1333. ....................................................................................................................
........................... .............................................................................................................
..................................
PTHH 1334. Cu 7. Nhn bit khng cho s dng thuc th no khc
1 H2SO4; Ba(OH)2; Ba(HCO3)2; (NH4)2SO4
PTHH 1335.Hng dn: Lp bng hin tng xy ra khi trn i mt mi dung dch
vi nhau v m cc hin tng khc loi
PTHH 1336.
V d vi 4. H2SO4; Ba(OH)2; Ba(HCO3)2; (NH4)2SO4
PTHH 1337.
PTHH 1338.
H2SO4
PTHH 1342.
H2SO4
PTHH 1343.
PTHH 1347. PTHH 1348.

Ba(OH)2
trng
PTHH 1352. PTHH 1353.

Ba(HCO3)2
trng,
PTHH 1357. PTHH 1358.

(NH4)2SO4
PTHH 1362. PTHH 1363.
PTHH 1339. PTHH 1340. PTHH 1341.

Ba(OH)2
Ba(HCO3)2
(NH4)2SO4
PTHH 1344. PTHH 1345. PTHH 1346.
trng
trng,
PTHH 1351.
PTHH 1350.
PTHH 1349.
trng,
trng
khai
PTHH 1354.
PTHH 1356.
PTHH 1355.
trng
trng
PTHH 1359.
PTHH 1360.
trng,
PTHH 1361.
trng
khai
PTHH 1364. PTHH 1365. PTHH 1366.
2 + 1
3 + 1khai
3 + 1
2 + 1khai
PTHH 1367. Vy theo bng trn ta thy
PTHH 1368.
Mu th cho 2 + 1 cha H2SO4
PTHH 1369.
Mu th cho 3 + 1khai cha Ba(OH)2
PTHH 1370.
Mu th cho 3 + 1 cha Ba(HCO3)2
PTHH 1371.
Mu th cho 2 + 1khai cha (NH4)2SO4
-138-
2 NaCl; CuSO4; H2SO4; MgCl2; NaOH

PTHH 1372. PTHH 1373. PTHH 1374. PTHH 1375. PTHH 1376. PTHH 1377.
PTHH 1414.
-139-
PTHH 1415.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1416.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1417.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1418.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1419.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1420.
....................................................................................................................
........................... .......................................................................................................................
........................
PTHH 1421.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1422.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1423.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
3 NaOH, (NH4)2CO3, BaCl2, MgCl2, H2SO4.
-140-
PTHH 1466.
PTHH 1467.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1468.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1469.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1470.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1471.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1472.
....................................................................................................................
........................... .......................................................................................................................
........................
PTHH 1473.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1474.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1475.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
4
NaCl, CuSO4, KOH, MgCl2, BaCl2, AgNO3
PTHH 1476.PTHH 1477.PTHH 1478.PTHH 1479.PTHH 1480.PTHH 1481.PTHH 1482.
PTHH 1532.
PTHH 1533.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1534.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1535.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
-141-
PTHH 1536.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1537.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1538.
....................................................................................................................
........................... .......................................................................................................................
........................
PTHH 1539.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1540.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1541.
....................................................................................................................
...........................
PTHH 1542.
PTHH 1543.
-142-
PTHH 1544.
PTHH 1545.
PTHH 1546.
S
Hp cht
PTHHPTHH
1551. 1552.
1
Oxi (O2)
PTHHPTHH
1557. 1558.
2
Ozon (O3)
BNG NHN BIT CC HP CHT V C CHA OXI V LU HUNH
PTHH 1547.
Tnh cht
vt l
PTHH 1553.
Khkhng mu,
khng
mi,
khng v
PTHH 1559.
Khm.xanh nht,
c mi
c trng
PTHH 1548.
Thuc th
PTHH 1549. Hi
n tng
PTHH 1554.
Tn m
chy d
PTHH 1555. Tn
m bng chy
PTHH 1560.
Dung dch KI
PTHH 1561.
dung
dch khng mu
PTHH 1568.
Dung dch
Br2
PTHH 1566.
PTHH 1565.
Sunfuro
3
(SO2)
PTHH 1580.
Hidrosunf
PTHH 1579.
ua
4
PTHH 1581.
(H2S)
PTHHPTHH
1587. 1588.
Anion
5
PTHH 1569.
PTHH 1567.
Kh mi hc
mu
PTHH 1562. Dun

g dch chuyn
mu vng nu
PTHH 1550.
Phng trnh ha hc
PTHH 1556.
PTHH 1563.
KOH
PTHH 1564.
2KI + O3 + H2O
I2 + O2 + 2
C th th iot sinh ra bng dung dch h tinh bt To dung dch
xanh tm
PTHH 1570. Dun

g dch chuyn
trong sut
PTHH 1571.
H2SO4
Br2 + SO2 + 2H2O
PTHH 1577.
5SO2 + 2KMnO4 +H2O
2HBr +
nu
PTHH 1575.
Dung dch
thuc tm
KMnO4
PTHH 1576. Dun

g dch chuyn
trong sut
PTHH 1582.
Kh mi
trng thi
PTHH 1583.
Dung dch
Pb(NO3)2
PTHH 1584. Xu
t hin kt ta en
PTHH 1590.
PTHH 1591.
Dung dch
PTHH 1592. Xu
t hin kt ta
PTHH 1585.
(khng tan trong
axit)
PTHH 1578.
PTHH 1586.
2HNO3
PTHH 1594.
K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 +
2H2SO4
Pb(NO3)2 + H2S
PbS +
sunfat
PTHH 1589.
trng
BaCl2
PTHH 1593.
(khng tan trong
axit, bazo, bn)
PTHH 1596.
Anion
sunfit
PTHH 1595.
PTHH 1597.
6
PTHH 1599.
Dung dch
axit
PTHH 1598.
PTHH 1605.
PTHH 1611.
Anion
sunfua
PTHH 1610.
PTHH 1612.
7
PTHH 1613.
PTHH 1601.
PTHH 1600. Xu
t hin kh mi
hc, lm mt
mu dung dich
Br2, KMnO4
PTHH 1606.
Dung dch
BaCl2
PTHH 1607. Xu
t hin kt ta
trng
PTHH 1614.
Dung dch
Pb(NO3)2
PTHH 1615. Xu
t hin kt ta en
PTHH 1608.
PTHH 1616.
PTHH 1602.
H2SO4
PTHH 1609.
Br2 + SO2 + 2H2O
2HBr +
(tan trong axit)
PTHH 1617.
(khng tan trong
axit)
PTHH 1618. Dng 3, Gii thch, chng minh hin tng

PTHH 1619.
PTHH 1620.
Cu 1. Ti sao iu ch Hidrsunfua t sunfua kim loi th ta thng dng axit HCl m khng dng H2SO4 m c?
Hng dn: Gii thch da trn tnh cht c trng ca mi cht. H2S l cht c tnh kh mnh sinh ra s phn ng vi
cht c tnh oxi ha mnh nh H2SO4 c

PTHH 1621.
PTHH 1622.
PTHH 1623.
PTHH 1624.
H2SO4 + 3H2S
Hay 3H2SO4 + H2S
4S + 4H2O
4SO2 + 4H2O
Cu 2. Ti sao pha long axit H2SO4 ta phi cho t t H2SO4 vo nc v khuy iu m khng lm ngc li.
Hng dn: Gii thch da trn tnh ho nc ca axit sunfuric c
PTHH 1625.
PTHH 1626.
Bi tp t gii
PTHH 1627.
Cu 3. Dn kh clo vo dung dch Na 2CO3 c kh CO2 thot ra, nu thay kh clo bng: SO 2, SO3, H2S th c hin tng
nh th khng?
PTHH 1628. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1629. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1630. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1631. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1632. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1633. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1634.
Cu 4. Giy qu tm tm t bng dung dch KI ng sang mu xanh khi gp Ozn. Gii thch hin tng v vit
phng trnh phn ng.

PTHH 1635.
PTHH 1636.
PTHH 1637.
PTHH 1638.
PTHH 1639.
PTHH 1640.
PTHH 1641.
PTHH 1642.
PTHH 1643.
PTHH 1644.
PTHH 1645.
PTHH 1646.
PTHH 1647.
PTHH 1648.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
Cu 5. Nu dng FeS c ln Fe iu ch H2S th c tp cht no trong H2S? Nu cch nhn ra tp cht .
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1649. Dng 4, Bi tp iu ch

PTHH 1650.
Cu 1. T FeS2, mui n, khng kh, nc; hy vit phng trnh iu ch: Fe 2(SO4)3, FeSO4 , Na2SO4, nc Javen,
Na2SO3, Fe(OH)3, Natri, Natriclorat, NaHSO4, NaHSO3.

PTHH 1651.
Hng dn: vit c phng trnh iu ch i hi ta phi nm vng kin thc, cc qu trnh xy ra khi
cho cc cht tng tc. C th tham kho s sau
PTHH 1652.
+ H2
PTHH 1653.
PTHH 1654.
NaCl
FeS2
NaOH + Cl2
PTHH 1657.
Fe + H2SO4
(long)
PTHH 1658.
......
Fe + H2SO4
(c)
......+ SO2
PTHH 1659. NaOH + H2SO4
.....
PTHH 1660.
PTHH 1655.
PTHH 1656.
NaCl
Na + Cl2
Nc giaven
PTHH 1661. NaOH + SO2
....
PTHH 1662.
Bi tp t gii
PTHH 1663.
PTHH 1664.
PTHH 1665.
PTHH 1666.
PTHH 1667.
PTHH 1668.
PTHH 1669.
PTHH 1670.
PTHH 1671.
PTHH 1672.
PTHH 1673.
PTHH 1674.
PTHH 1675.
PTHH 1676.
NaOH + Cl2
NaOH
Fe2(SO4)3 +
.....
Cu 2. Vit phng trnh iu ch H2SO4 t qung pyrit.

...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
Cu 3. T S, KCl, Al2O3 v H2O hy iu ch KOH, KClO3, AlCl3, phn n, phn kp?
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................... ...........................................
........................................................................................................
PTHH 1677. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1678. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1679. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1680. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1681.
PTHH 1682.
...................................................................................................................................................
Cu 4 T mui n, nc, H2SO4 c. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng (ghi iu kin phn ng nu c) iu ch: Kh
Cl2, H2S, SO2 , nc Javen, Na2SO4

PTHH 1683.
PTHH 1684.
PTHH 1685.
PTHH 1686.
PTHH 1687.
PTHH 1688.
PTHH 1689.
PTHH 1690.
PTHH 1691.
PTHH 1692.
PTHH 1693.
PTHH 1694.
PTHH 1695.
PTHH 1696.
PTHH 1697.
PTHH 1698.
PTHH 1699.
PTHH 1700.
PTHH 1701.
PTHH 1702.
PTHH 1703.
PTHH 1704.
PTHH 1705.
PTHH 1706.
PTHH 1707.
PTHH 1708.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
Cu 5. Trnh by hai phng php iu ch Hidrsufua t cc cht sau: S, Fe, axit HCl.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1709.
PTHH 1711.
PHN 2. CC DNG BI TP TNH TON

PTHH 1710. Dng 1, Ton v Oxi Ozon
Cu 1. Mt bnh kn c dung tch khng i (th tch V = 4,928lt) cha oxi nhit 27,3oC v p sut p1 = 2atm.
Phng in qua bnh phn ng trong mt khong thi gian xc nh ri a bnh v nhit ban u thy p sut trong bnh lc ny
l p2atm. Cho hn hp kh trong bnh qua dung dch KI d, trung ha lng KOH sinh ra cn dng 200ml dung dch HCl 0,4M.
Tnh hiu sut qu trnh ozon ha v p2
PTHH 1712. Hng dn:
PTHH 1713.
PTHH 1714.
Khi phng in qua bnh phn ng xy ra phn ng chuyn ha
PTHH 1715.
3O2
PTHH 1719.
2KOH + I2 + O2
PTHH 1720.
Mol
x 2x
PTHH 1721.
KOH + HCl
2O3
PTHH 1716.
Ban u
0,4
(mol)
PTHH 1717.
Phn ng
1,5x
x
(mol)
PTHH 1718. Sau p
KCl + H2O
PTHH 1722. Mol
O3 + 2KI + H2O
2x
0,4-1,5x
x
PTHH 1723.
Ta c nHCl = 2x = 0,2.0,4 = 0,08 x = 0,04 (mol)
PTHH 1724.
PTHH 1725.
Vy hiu sut qu trnh ozon ha l

Ta c p sut t l thun vi s mol kh nn
PTHH 1726.
2x
PTHH 1727.
PTHH 1728.
Cu 2. Thm 3,0gam MnO2 vo 200gam hn hp X gm KCl v KClO3, trn k hn hp thu c v un nng n phn
ng xy ra hon ton (khi lng hn hp khng i) thu c cht rn Y cn nng 145,4gam. Xc nh thnh phn phn trm theo
khi lng ca cc mui trong hn hp X
PTHH 1729. Hng dn:
PTHH 1730. MnO2 trong hn hp X ch ng vai tr l cht xc tc (cht thc y tc qu trnh phn ng) khng c s bin i
g v mt ha hc.
PTHH 1731.
PTHH 1732. Cu 3. Np amol kh O2 v 2amol kh SO2 100oC vo mt bnh kn khng cha kh c dung tch l V. p sut trong bnh
lc ny l p = 10atm. Nung nng bnh c xc tc V2O5 (Coi rng th tch cht rn khng ng k) mt thi gian phn ng xy ra,
sau lm ngui v 100oC c hn hp A, p sut trong bnh lc ny l p.
a Xc nh p v t khi ca A so vi H2
theo hiu sut phn ng H
b Tm khong xc nh ca p v
PTHH 1733.
Hng dn:
PTHH 1734.
Phn ng xy ra trong bnh c xc tc V2O5
PTHH 1735.
PTHH 1736.
PTHH 1737.
PTHH 1738.
PTHH 1739.
2SO2 + O2
2SO3
Ban u:
2a
a
Phn ng:
2a H
aH
2a H
Sau p:
2a(1- H) a(1- H)
2a H
V p sut t l thun vi s mol kh nn ta c
H
H 1740.
PTHH
PTHH 1741.
T khi ca hn hp sau phn ng l
p = 10.
H
H
PTHH 1743.
PTHH 1742.
Vi yu cu xt khong th ta c th xt da trn khong xc nh ca hiu sut
PTHH 1744.
PTHH 1745.
0< H 1
PTHH 1746.
Cu 4. t chy hon ton mgam Cacbon trong Vlt kh O2 (ktc) thu c hn hp kh A c
a Xc nh thnh phn phn trm theo th tch ca mi kh trong hn hp A

b Tnh m v V bit rng dn A vo bnh nc vi trong d th to 6,0gam kt ta trng
PTHH 1747.
PTHH 1748.
PTHH 1749.
PTHH 1750.
PTHH 1751.
PTHH 1752.
PTHH 1753.
PTHH 1754.
PTHH 1755.
PTHH 1756.
PTHH 1757.
PTHH 1758.
PTHH 1759.
PTHH 1760.
PTHH 1761.
PTHH 1762.
PTHH 1763.
PTHH 1764.
PTHH 1765.
PTHH 1766.
PTHH 1767.
Hng dn:
Vi d kin
V th nn thn trng trong khi lm cu b.
...................................................................................................................................................
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...................................................................................................................................................
Bi tp t gii
PTHH 1768.
Cu 5. C hai bnh phn ng. Bnh A c cha kh Oxi, bnh B c cha hn hp kh Oxi v Ozon. Bit rng th tch, p
sut ca hai bnh l nh nhau, khi lng kh trong bnh B nng hn trong bnh A l 1,6gam. Xc nh s mol ca Ozon c trong bnh
B
PTHH 1769.
PTHH 1770.
PTHH 1771.
PTHH 1772.
PTHH 1773.
PTHH 1774.
PTHH 1775.
PTHH 1776.
PTHH 1777.
PTHH 1778.
PTHH 1779.
PTHH 1780.
PTHH 1781.
PTHH 1782.
PTHH 1783.
PTHH 1784.
PTHH 1785.
PTHH 1786.
PTHH 1787.
...................................................................................................................................................
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Cu 6. Cho tia la in phng qua bnh ng 5lt kh oxi (ktc) sau cho ton b hn hp kh trong bnh i qua 100ml
dung dch KI 1,0M (cho d), thm tip dung dch AgNO3 d vo th lng kt ta thu c l 11,75gam. Xc nh hiu sut qu trnh
chuyn t oxi thnh ozon
PTHH 1788. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1789. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1790. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1791. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1792. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1793. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1794.
PTHH 1795.
PTHH 1796.
PTHH 1797.
PTHH 1798.
PTHH 1799.
PTHH 1800.
PTHH 1801.
PTHH 1802.
PTHH 1803.
PTHH 1804.
PTHH 1805.
PTHH 1806.
PTHH 1807.
...................................................................................................................................................
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Cu 7. Hn hp X gm kh oxi v ozon. Sau mt thi gian ozon trong bnh b phn hy ht ta thu c mt cht kh
duy nht v th tch kh trong bnh tng thm 2% so vi ban u. Xc nh thnh phn phn trm th tch mi kh trong hn hp X
ban u (Bit rng cc kh trong bnh u o cng mt iu kin v nhit v p sut)
PTHH 1808. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1809. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1810. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1811. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1812. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1813. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1814. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1815. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1816. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1817. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1818. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1819. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1820. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1821. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1822. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1823. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1824. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1825.
PTHH 1826.
PTHH 1827.
PTHH 1828.
PTHH 1829.
PTHH 1830.
PTHH 1831.
...................................................................................................................................................
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PTHH 1832.
PTHH 1833. Dng 2, Ton v mui sunfua
1 Nung hn hp A gm 11,2 gam Fe v 4,8 gam S trong mi trng kn khng c khng kh n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c
hn hp cht rn B. Cho B vo dung dch HCl d thu c hn hp kh C.
PTHH 1834.
PTHH 1835.
PTHH 1836.
PTHH 1837.
-Vit phng trnh ha hc xy ra v xc nh cc cht trong B, C.

-Tnh % v khi lng cc cht trong B v % th tch cc cht trong C.
Hng dn
Nung hn hp gm Fe v S trong bnh kn khng cha khng kh nn ch xy ra phn ng Fe v S (Nu ch ni nung
hn hp Fe v S c th xy cc phn ng oxi ha Fe thnh oxit st (FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3) v S thnh SO2 bi O2 trong khng kh)
PTHH 1838. Khi cho hn hp sau phn ng nung tc dng vi dung dch HCl d to ra hn hp kh (chc chn c H2S) hn hp
sn phm cn cha Fe d v hn hp kh c mt H2
PTHH 1839. C th:
PTHH 1840.
PTHH 1841.
PTHH 1842.
PTHH 1843.
PTHH 1844.
Ban u
Phn ng
Sau phn ng
PTHH 1845.
PTHH 1846.
FeS + 2HCl
Mol
Fe + S
0,2
0,15
0,15 0,15
0,05
FeCl2 + H2S (2)
0,15
FeS
0,15
0,15
0,15
PTHH 1847.
PTHH 1848.
PTHH 1849.
Fe(d) + 2HCl
Mol
FeCl2 + H2 (3)
0,05
0,05
PTHH 1850.
2 Hn hp X (gm m1 gam bt Fe v m2 gam bt S trn u) em nung nhit cao khng c mt oxi thu c hn hp Y. Ha tan Y
bng dung dch HCl d thu c 0,8 gam cht rn A, dung dch B v kh D (c t khi so vi H 2 bng 9). Dn kh D li t t qua dung
dch CuCl2 d thy to thnh 9,6 gam kt ta. Tnh m1 v m2.
PTHH 1851.
PTHH 1852.
Hng dn gii:
Ta c cc phng trnh ha hc
PTHH 1853.
Fe
PTHH 1854.
PTHH 1855.
+S
FeS
Fe (d) + 2HCl
Mol
0,1
FeCl2 + H2
0,1
PTHH 1856.
PTHH 1857.
FeS + 2HCl
Mol
0,1
FeCl2 + H2S
H2S + CuCl2
Mol
0,1
CuS + 2HCl
0,1
0,1
PTHH 1858.
PTHH 1859.
PTHH 1860.
PTHH 1861.
T cc phng trnh ha hc ta c
PTHH 1862.
nFe(d) = 0,1 mol, nFeS = 0,1mol nFe = nS = 0,1mol
PTHH 1863.
m1 = mFe = mFe(d) + mFe(p) = 0,1.56 + 0,1.56 = 11,2 (gam)
PTHH 1864.
m2 = mS = mS(p) + mS(d) = 0,1.32 + 0,8 = 4,0 (gam)
3 Ha tan ht hn hp gm a mol FeS2 v 0,1 mol Cu2S trong dung dch HNO3 long, ch thu c hai mui sunfat v c kh NO thot ra.
Tr s ca a
PTHH 1865.
PTHH 1866.
PTHH 1867.
Hng dn:
p dng theo nh lut bo ton mol nguyn t
PTHH 1868.
PTHH 1869.
PTHH 1870.
2FeS2
amol
(Ni dung: S mol nguyn t mi nguyn t c bo ton trc v sau phn ng
Fe2(SO4)3 (Bo ton mol nguyn t Fe)

(a/2)mol
PTHH 1871. Cu2S

2CuSO4 (Bo ton mol nguyn t Cu)
mol
PTHH 1872.
0,1
0,2mol
PTHH 1873. p dng bo ton mol nguyn t lu hunh ta c
PTHH 1874.
2a + 0,1 = 0,2 + 3a/2 a = 0,2mol
PTHH 1875.
PTHH 1876. Cu 4. Cho mgam hn hp X gm CuCl2 v FeCl3 vo nc c dung dch A. Chia A thnh hai phn bng nhau. Sc
kh H2S vo phn 1 thu c 1,28gam cht kt ta. Cho dung dch Na2S d vo phn 2 thu c 3,04gam kt ta. Xc nh m
PTHH 1877. Hng dn:
PTHH 1878.
Trong mi phn t
i vi phn 2: Cho dung dch Na2S d vo phn 2 thu c 3,04gam kt ta.

PTHH 1879.
PTHH 1880.
PTHH 1881.
PTHH 1882.
PTHH 1883.
PTHH 1884.
PTHH 1885.
PTHH 1886.
PTHH 1887.
Mol
CuCl2 +Na2S
a
CuS + 2NaCl
a
Mol
2FeCl3 + Na2S
b
2FeCl2 + 2NaCl + S
b
b
Mol
FeCl2 + Na2S
b
FeS + 2NaCl
b
(1)
(2)
Tng khi lng kt ta: m = mCuS + mS + mFeS = 3,04

96a + 32b +88b = 96a + 120b = 3,04
(*)
i vi phn 2: Sc kh H2S vo thu c 1,28gam cht kt ta

PTHH 1888.
PTHH 1889.
PTHH 1890.
PTHH 1891.
CuCl2 +H2S
a
Mol
Mol
2FeCl3 + H2S
b
CuS + 2HCl
a
2FeCl2 + 2HCl + S
b
PTHH 1892.
PTHH 1893.
Tng khi lng kt ta: m = mCuS + mS = 1,28

96a + 32b = 96a + 32b = 1,28
(**)
PTHH 1894.
T (*) v (**) ta c
PTHH 1895.
(1)
(2)
PTHH 1896.
Cu 5. t nng hn hp X gm bt Fe v S trong iu kin khng c khng kh thu c hn hp rn A. Cho A tc
dng vi mt lng d dung dch HCl thu c sn phm kh Y c t khi hi so vi H2 l 13. Ly 2,24lit kh Y(ktc) em t chy
ri cho sn phm chy qua 100ml dung dch H2O2 5,1% (khi lng ring d = 1gam/ml), sau phn ng thu c dung dch B. Cho
rng cc phn ng xy ra hon ton
a Vit cc phng trnh ha hc xy ra
b Xc nh thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca mi cht trong hn hp X
c Xc nh nng phn trm cc cht trong hn hp B
PTHH 1897.
PTHH 1898.
PTHH 1899.
PTHH 1900.
Hng dn:
a, Do cho hn hp A tc dng vi dung dch HCl d to ra hn hp kh
sau phn ng chy ca Fe v S th Fe cn d
t nFe=nS =amol v nFe(d) = bmol
PTHH 1901.
PTHH 1902.
Fe + S
amol amol
PTHH 1903.
FeS + 2HCl
FeCl2 + H2S
PTHH 1904. amol
FeS (k:nhit )
amol
PTHH 1907.
2H2S + 3O2
2H2O + 2SO2
PTHH 1908.
amol
amol
PTHH 1905.
Fe + 2HCl
FeCl2+ H2
PTHH 1906.
bmol
amol 2H2+O2
2H2O
mol
PTHH 1909.
b
bmol
bmol
PTHH 1910.
PTHH 1911.
PTHH 1912.
H O2+SO2
H2SO4
mol
b
b
bmol
b) p dng theo quy tc ng cho ta c
2
mol
PTHH 1913.
PTHH 1914.
mhn hp u = mFe + mS = (a + b).56 + a.32 = 320b (gam)
PTHH 1915.
mS = a.32 = 96b (gam)
PTHH 1916.
c)
PTHH 1917.
PTHH 1918.
PTHH 1919.
PTHH 1920.
Cu 6. Nung agam hn hp X gm Fe v S trong iu kin khng c khng kh cho n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton
thu c hn hp sn phm Y. Chia Y thnh hai phn bng nhau. Cho phn 1 tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch HCl thu c
hn hp kh Z c t khi so vi kh H2 l 13.
a Xc nh thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng cc cht c trong X
b Cho phn 2 tc dng ht vi 55gam dung dch H2SO4 98%, un nng thu c Vlit kh SO2 o ktc v dung dch A. Cho dung dch A phn
ng ht vi dung dch BaCl2 d to thnh 58,25gam cht kt ta. Xc nh gi tr thc ca a v V
PTHH 1921.
Hng dn:
PTHH 1922.
Nung hn hp Fe v S trong iu kin khng c khng kh xy ra phn ng ha hc

PTHH 1923.
Mol
x
x
PTHH 1924.
Fe + S
x
Mt na hn hp Y phn ng vi dung dch HCl d to ra hn hp kh

PTHH 1925.
Trong hn hp Y cha FeS v Fe d (t nFe(d) = ymol)
PTHH 1926.
FeS + 2HCl
PTHH 1927.
Mol
PTHH 1928.
PTHH 1929.
PTHH 1930.
FeCl2 + H2S
Fe + 2HCl
FeCl2 + H2
Mol
p dng quy tc ng cho cho hn hp kh ta c
PTHH 1931.
Phn th hai cn li
PTHH 1932.
PTHH 1933.
55(g) dung dch H2SO4 98%
FeS
PTHH 1934.
Cc qu trnh cho nhn electron xy ra
PTHH 1935.
PTHH 1939.
(SO2)
PTHH 1940.
(**)
PTHH 1936.
PTHH 1941.
PTHH 1937.
PTHH 1938.
PTHH 1942.
PTHH 1943.
PTHH 1944.
Mol
0,25
(*)
PTHH 1945.
PTHH 1946.
PTHH 1947.
PTHH 1948.
PTHH 1949.
PTHH 1950.
Vy khi lng hn hp ban u ca Fe v S l

a = mFe + mS = (0,15 + 0,05).56 + 0,15.32 = 16,0 (gam)
V=
= 8,4 (lt)
Cu 7. Ha tan hon ton 0,1 mol mi cht Fe, FeS, v FeS2 trong dung dch H2SO4 c nng thu c V lt (ktc) SO2
sn phm kh duy nht.Gi tr ca V l bao nhiu.

PTHH 1951. Hng dn:
PTHH 1952.
Cn lu rng vi bi ton thng thng lng SO 2 thng ch l sn phm kh ca
ton ny SO2 cn l sn phm oxi ha ca
trong axit sunfuric, vi bi
trong mui sunfua kim loi. Chnh th nn s gy ra nhm ln nu khng cng thm
lng SO2 qu trnh oxi ha trong sunfua nht l vi hnh thc thi trc nghim
PTHH 1953. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1954. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1955. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1956. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1957. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1958. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1959. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1960. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1961. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1962. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1963.
PTHH 1964.
PTHH 1965.
PTHH 1966.
PTHH 1967.
PTHH 1968.
PTHH 1969.
PTHH 1970.
PTHH 1971.
...................................................................................................................................................
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Cu 8. Nung hn hp X gm Zn v S trong mi trng kn khng c khng kh n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton
thu c hn hp cht rn B. Cho B vo dung dch HCl d th cn li 1 cht rn khng tan C nng 6 gam v thu c 4,48 lt (ktc)
kh D c t khi so vi hidro l Tnh khi lng cc cht trong X?.
PTHH 1972. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1973. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1974. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1975. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1976. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1977. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1978. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1979. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1980. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1981. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1982. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1983. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1984. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1985. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1986. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1987. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1988. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1989. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 1990.
PTHH 1991.
Cu 9. Nung hn hp Z gm Zn v S trong mi trng kn khng c khng kh n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu
c hn hp cht rn F. Khi cho F vo dung dch HCl d th cn li 1 cht rn khng tan G nng 1,6 gam v thu c 8,96 lt (ktc) hn
hp kh D c t khi so vi hidro l 13. Tnh khi lng hn hp Z v hiu sut phn ng gia Zn v S?.
PTHH 1992.
PTHH 1993.
PTHH 1994.
PTHH 1995.
PTHH 1996.
PTHH 1997.
PTHH 1998.
PTHH 1999.
PTHH 2000.
PTHH 2001.
PTHH 2002.
PTHH 2003.
PTHH 2004.
PTHH 2005.
PTHH 2006.
PTHH 2007.
PTHH 2008.
PTHH 2009.
PTHH 2010.
PTHH 2011.
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Cu 10. Cho hn hp gm Fe v FeS tc dng vi dung dch HCl d, thu c 2,464 lt hn hp kh (ktc). Cho hn
hp ny i qua dung dch Pb(NO3)2 d thu c 23,9 g kt ta mu en.

a Vit phng tnh ha hc ca cc phn ng xy ra.
b Hn hp kh thu c gm nhng kh no? Th tch mi kh l bao nhiu?
c Tnh khi lng ca Fe v FeS c trong hn hp ban u
PTHH 2012.
PTHH 2013.
PTHH 2014.
PTHH 2015.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2016.
PTHH 2017.
PTHH 2018.
PTHH 2019.
PTHH 2020.
PTHH 2021.
PTHH 2022.
PTHH 2023.
PTHH 2024.
PTHH 2025.
PTHH 2026.
PTHH 2027.
PTHH 2028.
PTHH 2029.
PTHH 2030.
PTHH 2031.
PTHH 2032.
PTHH 2033.
PTHH 2034.
PTHH 2035.
PTHH 2036.
PTHH 2037.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
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...................................................................................................................................................
Cu 11. Cho a mol hn hp FeS v FeS 2 vo bnh cha oxi d, un nng. Sau khi phn ng hon ton thu c cht
rn Y. Sau phn ng a nhit ban u thy s mol kh gim i 0,3 mol so vi s mol kh ban u. Gi tr ca a l
PTHH 2038.
PTHH 2039.
PTHH 2040.
PTHH 2041.
PTHH 2042.
PTHH 2043.
PTHH 2044.
PTHH 2045.
PTHH 2046.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2047.
PTHH 2048.
PTHH 2049.
PTHH 2050.
PTHH 2051.
PTHH 2052.
PTHH 2053.
PTHH 2054.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2055.
PTHH 2056.
PTHH 2057.
PTHH 2058.
Dng 3, Ton v SO2, H2S
I, SO2, H2S phn ng vi dung dch kim

Hng dn:
Vi dng ton oxit axit hay axit hai nc phn ng vi dung dch kim trc tin ta cn xt xem sn phm to thnh l
g bi khng phi lc no sn phm cng l duy nht mt mui

PTHH 2059.
C th vi SO2 vi NaOH c th ra hai mui tng ng vi hai phng trnh
PTHH 2060.
SO2 + NaOH
PTHH 2061.
SO2 + 2NaOH
PTHH 2062.
PTHH 2063.
NaHSO3
(1)
Na2SO3 + H2O
(2)
C th tng qut hn bng s sau
PTHH 2064.
PTHH 2065.
PTH
(1)
H
PTHH 2071.
PTHH 2070.
NaHSO3
S.ph
PTHH 2072.
m
SO2 d
PTHH 2079.
PTHH 2066.
PTHH 2067.
(1)
(1) v (2)
PTHH 2074.
PTHH 2073.
NaHSO3
NaHS
PTHH 2075.
O3
Na2SO3
PTHH 2068.PTHH 2069.

(2)
(2)
PTHH 2077.
PTHH 2076. Na2SO3
PTHH 2078.
Na2SO3
NaOH d
PTHH 2080.
Tuy nhin khng phi lc no cng l NaOH hay KHNG H c khi s cho Ca(OH) 2 hoc Ba(OH)2 nn tng qut ta
s c
PTHH 2081.
(1)
PTHH 2082.
PTHH 2083.
PTHH 2084.
PTHH 2085.
PTHH 2086.
PTHH 2087.
PTH
(1)
H
PTHH 2093.
PTHH 2092.
S.ph
m
(2)
PTHH 2094.
SO2 d
PTHH 2101.
PTHH 2088.
PTHH 2089.
(1)
(1) v (2)
PTHH 2096.
PTHH 2095.
PTHH 2097.

(2)
(2)
PTHH 2099.
PTHH 2098.
PTHH 2100.
OH- d
PTHH 2102.
Tng t vi H2S ta c s xt khong sau
PTHH 2103.
(1)
PTHH 2104.
PTHH 2105.
PTHH 2106.
(2)
PTHH 2107.
PTHH 2108.
PTH
(1)
H
PTHH 2114.
PTHH 2113.
HSS.ph
PTHH 2115.
m
H2S d
PTHH 2122.
PTHH 2123.
PTHH 2109.
PTHH 2110.
(1)
(1) v (2)
PTHH 2117.
PTHH 2116.
HS-
S-
PTHH 2118.
2-

(2)
(2)
PTHH 2120.
PTHH 2119. S2PTHH 2121.
S2OH- d
Nh vy quan trong ca dng bi l ta phi xc nh c t s
hay
nm trong khong no, t hon ton
c c phng trnh v tnh ton bnh thng.

1 Tnh khi lng cc cht thu c sau phn ng trong cc trng hp sau:
PTHH 2124.
PTHH 2125.
PTHH 2126.
PTHH 2127.
PTHH 2128.
PTHH 2129.
PTHH 2130.
PTHH 2131.
PTHH 2132.
a) Dn 2,24 lit kh hirosunfua vo 300 ml dung dch NaOH 1M

b) Dn 13,44 lit SO2 vo 200 ml dung dch NaOH 2M
c) Dn 0,672 lit SO2 vo 1 lit dung dch Ca(OH)2 0.02 M
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PTHH 2133.
PTHH 2134.
PTHH 2135.
PTHH 2136.
PTHH 2137.
PTHH 2138.
PTHH 2139.
PTHH 2140.
PTHH 2141.
PTHH 2142.
PTHH 2143.
PTHH 2144.
PTHH 2145.
PTHH 2146.
PTHH 2147.
PTHH 2148.
PTHH 2149.
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2 Ha tan mt hn hp gm 0,1 mol mi cht FeS, CuS v ZnS trong dung dch H 2SO4 long d, kh thot ra cho hp th ht vo 250ml
dung dch NaOH 1M, to m gam mui. Tnh m.
PTHH 2150.
Hng dn:
PTHH 2151.
Cn ch khng phi sunfua kim loi no cng c kh nng phn ng vi dung dch axit HCl, H 2SO4 (long) v sinh
H2S
PTHH 2152.
PTHH 2153.
PTHH 2154.
PTHH 2155.
PTHH 2156.
PTHH 2157.
PTHH 2158.
PTHH 2159.
PTHH 2160.
PTHH 2161.
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PTHH 2162.
PTHH 2163.
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PTHH 2164.
Bi tp t gii
3 Cho 28 lt SO2 (ktc) dn vo bnh ng 300gam dung dch KOH 23%. Tnh nng phn trm ca dung dch mui thu c.
PTHH 2165.
PTHH 2166.
PTHH 2167.
PTHH 2168.
PTHH 2169.
PTHH 2170.
PTHH 2171.
PTHH 2172.
PTHH 2173.
PTHH 2174.
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PTHH 2175.
4 Sc V lt kh SO2 vo bnh cha 200 ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 1M thu c 12 gam kt ta. Tnh V?
PTHH 2176.
PTHH 2177.
PTHH 2178.
PTHH 2179.
PTHH 2180.
PTHH 2181.
PTHH 2182.
PTHH 2183.
PTHH 2184.
PTHH 2185.
PTHH 2186.
PTHH 2187.
PTHH 2188.
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5 t chy hon ton 8,98 lit H2S (kc) ri ho tan tt c sn phm sinh ra vo 80 ml dung dch NaOH 25% ( d= 1,28 g/ml). Tnh C% ca
dung dch mui thu c.
II, Tnh oxi ha kh ca H2S v SO2

PTHH 2190. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2191. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2192. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2193. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2194. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2195. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2196. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2197. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2198. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2199. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2200. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2201. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2202. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2203. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2204. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2189.
PTHH 2205.
6 Ha tan V lt SO2 trong nc thu c dung dch X. Cho brom vo dung dch X cho n khi xut hin mu dung dch brom, sau thm
tip dung dch BaCl2 cho n d, lc v lm kh kt ta thu c 1,165 gam cht rn. Gi tr ca V l
PTHH 2206.
PTHH 2207.
PTHH 2208.
A. 0,112 lt
B. 0,224 lt
C. 0,448 lt
D. 0,336 lt
Hng dn:
Phn ng gia SO2 vi dung dch nc Br2 n khi xut hin mu ca dung dch Br2 ta c th ngm hiu rng phn ng
y xy ra hon ton n khi SO2 ht

PTHH 2209. gii nhanh c th dng cc nh lut bo ton, i vi bi toan ny s dng bo ton mol nguyn t S
BaSO4
PTHH 2210.
PTHH 2211.
Thy ngay
SO2
Bi tp t gii
7 Ha tan ht 17,55 gam hn hp Mg, Al trong 150 gam dung dch H 2SO4 98% thu c dung dch X v hn hp kh Y gm H 2S v SO2.
Cho Y li chm qua bnh ng dung dch KMnO 4 d thy c 4,8 gam kt ta xut hin, lc tch kt ta, cho nc lc tc dng vi dung
dch BaCl2 d thu c 52,425 gam kt ta na. Nng phn trm ca H 2SO4 trong X v phn trm khi lng ca Mg trong hn hp
ban u ln lt l
PTHH 2212.
PTHH 2213.
PTHH 2214.
PTHH 2215.
PTHH 2216.
PTHH 2217.
PTHH 2218.
PTHH 2219.
PTHH 2220.
PTHH 2221.
PTHH 2222.
PTHH 2223.
PTHH 2224.
PTHH 2225.
PTHH 2226.
PTHH 2227.
PTHH 2228.
PTHH 2229.
PTHH 2230.
PTHH 2231.
PTHH 2232.
A. 19,86% v 61,54%
B. 19,86% v 64,58%
C. 18,93% v 61,54%
D. 18,93% v 61,54%
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Cu 8. Cho 1,72 gam hp kim Ag-Cu tc dng vi dung dch H 2SO4 c, nng. Kh SO2 thu c tc dng vi nc
clo d, phn ng xy ra theo phng trnh:

PTHH 2233.
SO2 + Cl2 + 2H2O 2HCl + H2SO4
PTHH 2234. Dung dch thu c sau khi phn ng vi clo cho tc dng ht vi dung dch BaCl2 0,15M thu c 3,495 gam kt ta.
PTHH 2235. 1. Th tch dung dch BaCl2 cn dng.
PTHH 2236. A. 200 ml
B. 300 ml
C. 400 ml
D. 500 ml
PTHH 2237.
PTHH 2238.
PTHH 2239.
PTHH 2240.
PTHH 2241.
2. Thnh phn % khi lng ca Ag-Cu trong hp kim.

A. 62,8%, 37,2%
B. 50%, 50%
C. 45,5%, 54,5%
D. 52,5%,47,5%
Hng dn:
1, 3,495 gam kt ta ngoi BaSO4 cn c AgCl c th kim chng c iu ny mt cc tng i bng php chia
khi lng kt ta cho khi lng mol ca BaSO4 c mt s khng h p

PTHH 2242. 2, Tnh c s mol tng kim loi s d dng tnh c thnh phn phn trm mi kim loi theo khi lng trong hn
hp
PTHH 2243.
PTHH 2244.
PTHH 2245.
PTHH 2246.
PTHH 2247.
PTHH 2248.
PTHH 2249.
PTHH 2250.
PTHH 2251.
PTHH 2252.
PTHH 2253.
PTHH 2254.
PTHH 2255.
PTHH 2256.
PTHH 2257.
PTHH 2258.
PTHH 2259.
PTHH 2260.
PTHH 2261.
PTHH 2262.
PTHH 2263.
PTHH 2264.
PTHH 2265.
PTHH 2266.
PTHH 2267.
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PTHH 2268.
PTHH 2269.
PTHH 2270.
PTHH 2271.
PTHH 2272.
PTHH 2273.
PTHH 2274.
PTHH 2275.
PTHH 2276.
PTHH 2277.
PTHH 2278.
PTHH 2279.
PTHH 2280.
PTHH 2281.
PTHH 2282.
PTHH 2283.
PTHH 2284.
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PTHH 2285.
PTHH 2286.
Dng 4, Ton v H2SO4
I, Pha long, pha trn, oleum
1 Trn ln m1 gam dung dch H2SO4 30% vi m2 gam dung dch H2SO4 15% c 300 gam dung dch H2SO4 25%. Cc gi tr m1 v m2 l
PTHH 2287.
PTHH 2288.
PTHH 2289.
PTHH 2290.
PTHH 2291.
PTHH 2292.
PTHH 2293.
PTHH 2294.
PTHH 2295.
A. 100 v 200.
B. 200 v 100.
C. 300 v 100.
D. 150 v 150.
Hng dn:
Cch 1. Ta thit lp h 2 phng trnh 2 n:
Bo ton khi lng dung dch:
m1 + m2= 300
Bo ton s mol axit trc v sau khi trn: 0,3m1 + 0,15m2= 300. 0,25=75
Gii h ta c m1 = 200 v m2 = 100
Cch 2. p dng quy tc ng cho
PTHH 2296.
2 Cn V1 ml dung dch H2SO4 2,5M v V2 ml dung dch H2SO4 1M khi pha trn chng vi nhau thu c 600ml dung dch H 2SO4 1,5M.
Cc gi tr V1 v V2 l:1
PTHH 2297.
PTHH 2298.
PTHH 2299.
PTHH 2300.
PTHH 2301.
PTHH 2302.
PTHH 2303.
PTHH 2304.
A. 200 v 400.
B. 200 v 300
C. 300 v 300
D. 150 v 450.
Hng dn:
Cch 1. Tng t nh trn vi cacsch lp h hai phng trnh hai n
Ta c
V1+V2=600 (gi thit rng th tch dung dch khng thay i sau khi trn)
2,5V1.10-3 +V2.10-3= 600. 1,5. 10-3= 0,9
(Bo ton s mol axit)
Gii h ta c V1 = 200 v V2 = 400
PTHH 2305.
Cch 2. p dng quy tc ng cho
PTHH 2306.
PTHH 2307.
Bi tp t gii
3 Cn dng bao nhiu ml nc pha long 100 ml dung dch H2SO4 98% (D = 1,84g/ml) thnh dung dch H2SO4 20%.
PTHH 2308.
PTHH 2309.
PTHH 2310.
PTHH 2311.
PTHH 2312.
PTHH 2313.
PTHH 2314.
PTHH 2315.
PTHH 2316.
PTHH 2317.
PTHH 2318.
PTHH 2319.
A. 700,2.
B. 720,5
C. 717,6
D. 650,5.
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4 Lm bay hi nc 500 ml dung dch A 20% (d=1,2g/ml) ch cn 300 gam dung dch. Tnh nng phn trm ca dung dch ny.
PTHH 2320.
PTHH 2321.
PTHH 2322.
PTHH 2323.
PTHH 2324.
PTHH 2325.
PTHH 2326.
PTHH 2327.
PTHH 2328.
PTHH 2329.
A. 25%.
B. 40%
C. 25,5%
D. 30%
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PTHH 2330.
PTHH 2331.
PTHH 2332.
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5 C 100ml dung dch H2SO4 98% ( d= 1,84g/ml). Ngi ta mun pha long th tch trn thnh dung dch H2SO4 20%.
PTHH 2333.
PTHH 2334.
PTHH 2335.
PTHH 2336.
PTHH 2337.
PTHH 2338.
PTHH 2339.
PTHH 2340.
PTHH 2341.
PTHH 2342.
PTHH 2343.
PTHH 2344.
PTHH 2345.
PTHH 2346.
PTHH 2347.
PTHH 2348.
PTHH 2349.
a/ Tnh th tch nc cn dng pha long.

b/ Cch pha long pi tin hnh nh th no.
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PTHH 2350.
PTHH 2351. II, iu ch H2SO4
1 T 300 tn qung pirit st cha 80% FeS 2 ngi ta sn xut c bao nhiu tn H 2SO4 98%, bit rng hao ht trong qu trnh sn xut l
10%.
PTHH 2352.
PTHH 2353.
PTHH 2354.
PTHH 2355.
A. 320 tn
C. 400 tn
Hng dn:
B. 360 tn
D. 420 tn.
PTHH 2356.
Qu trnh chuyn ha c biu din di dng s sau:
PTHH 2357.
PTHH 2358.
Ta c th tnh theo s mol nh bnh thng nhng vi nhng dng ny c cch tnh theo phn t khi v h s t lng
bi thng thng nu tnh theo s mol kt qu s l i vi nhng hc sinh kin thc khng chc chn c kh nng s tnh sai
khng ng c
PTHH 2359. C th nh sau
PTHH 2360.
PTHH 2361.
Tn
120
2.98
240
PTHH 2362.
PTHH 2363.
(tn)
Bi tp t gii
2 Cn bao nhiu tn qung pirit st cha 35,6% FeS2 sn xut 700 tn H2SO4 70%, bit rng hao ht trong qu trnh sn xut l 40%.
PTHH 2364.
PTHH 2365.
PTHH 2366.
PTHH 2367.
PTHH 2368.
PTHH 2369.
PTHH 2370.
PTHH 2371.
A. 1404,5 tn
B. 1360,2 tn
C. 1400,8 tn
D. 4200,5 tn.
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3 T 2 tn qung pirit st cha 75% FeS 2 nguyn cht cn li l cc tp cht khng cha lu hunh ngi ta iu ch c 2 tn dung
dch H2SO4 98%. Tnh hiu sut ca phn ng iu ch.
PTHH 2372.
PTHH 2373.
PTHH 2374.
PTHH 2375.
PTHH 2376.
PTHH 2377.
PTHH 2378.
PTHH 2379.
PTHH 2380.
PTHH 2381.
PTHH 2382.
PTHH 2383.
A. 70 %
B. 80 %
C. 90 %
D. 100 %.
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4 Mt loi qung c cha 80% lu hunh. Tnh th tch dung dch H 2SO4 98% (D=1,84gam/ml) c iu ch t 3,2 tn qung trn. Bit
hiu sut ca phn ng iu ch l 80%.
PTHH 2384.
PTHH 2385.
PTHH 2386.
PTHH 2387.
PTHH 2388.
PTHH 2389.
PTHH 2390.
PTHH 2391.
PTHH 2392.
PTHH 2393.
PTHH 2394.
A. 4347,8 lt
B. 4380,8 lt
C. 6358,8 lt
D. 8963,8 lt
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5 Tnh khi lng H2SO4 thu c khi sn xut t 44 tn qung pirit st cha 80% FeS2 bit Hiu sut ca cc giai on l 70%.
PTHH 2395.
PTHH 2396.
A. 24,65 tn
B. 2,465 tn
C. 19,72 tn
D. 40,25 tn.
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PTHH 2397.
PTHH 2398.
PTHH 2399.
PTHH 2400.
PTHH 2401.
PTHH 2402.
PTHH 2403.
PTHH 2404.
PTHH 2405.
PTHH 2406.
PTHH 2407.
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PTHH 2408.
III, Axit sunfuric long
1 Cho 20 gam hn hp Cu v Al phn ng vi dung dch H 2SO4 d, thu c 13,44 lt kh (ktc). Tnh % theo khi lng Al v Cu trong
hn hp ln lt l.
PTHH 2409.
PTHH 2410.
PTHH 2411.
PTHH 2412.
PTHH 2413.
PTHH 2414.
PTHH 2415.
PTHH 2416.
PTHH 2417.
PTHH 2418.
PTHH 2419.
A. 44%, 66%
B. 54%, 46%
C. 50%, 50%.
D. 94%, 16%.
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2 Cho 21 gam hn hp Zn v CuO vo 600ml dung dch H2SO4 0,5 M, D=1,1gam/ml. Phn ng va thu c dung dch X gm ZnSO4
v CuSO4.
PTHH 2420.
PTHH 2421.
PTHH 2422.
1. % khi lng Zn v CuO trong hn hp

A. 62%, 38%
B. 54%, 46%
C. 50%, 50%.
D. 94%, 16%.
PTHH 2423.
PTHH 2424.
PTHH 2425.
PTHH 2426.
PTHH 2427.
PTHH 2428.
PTHH 2429.
PTHH 2430.
PTHH 2431.
PTHH 2432.
PTHH 2433.
PTHH 2434.
PTHH 2435.
PTHH 2436.
PTHH 2437.
PTHH 2438.
PTHH 2439.
PTHH 2440.
PTHH 2441.
2. Nng phn trm ca gm ZnSO4 v CuSO4 trong dung dch X l

A. 1,62%, 2,38%
B. 4,73% 2,35%
C. 2,15%, 1,2%.
D. 2,34%, 1,16%.
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PTHH 2442.
IV, Axit sunfuric c
1 Cho 18,8 gam hn hp rn A gm Fe v FeO vo H 2SO4 c nng d thu c Vml kh kc. Cng lng rn A trn nhng cho vo dung
dch H2SO4 long d th thu c 1,12 lt kh kc.
PTHH 2443.
PTHH 2444.
PTHH 2445.
PTHH 2446.
PTHH 2447.
PTHH 2448.
PTHH 2449.
PTHH 2450.
PTHH 2451.
PTHH 2452.
a/ Tnh V
b/ Tnh % khi lng ca Fe v FeO trong hn hp ban u
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PTHH 2453.
PTHH 2454.
PTHH 2455.
PTHH 2456.
PTHH 2457.
PTHH 2458.
PTHH 2459.
PTHH 2460.
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...................................................................................................................................................
2 Cho m gam hn hp Fe,Cu vo dung dch H2SO4 c nng thu c 3,08 lt SO2 kc v dung dch A. Cng lng Fe, Cu trn nhng cho
vo dung dch HCl d th thu c 1,68 lt kh kc.
PTHH 2461.
PTHH 2462.
PTHH 2463.
PTHH 2464.
PTHH 2465.
PTHH 2466.
PTHH 2467.
PTHH 2468.
PTHH 2469.
PTHH 2470.
PTHH 2471.
PTHH 2472.
PTHH 2473.
PTHH 2474.
PTHH 2475.
PTHH 2476.
PTHH 2477.
PTHH 2478.
a/ Tnh % m Fe
b/ Dn kh SO2 thu trn vo 100ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 1,2M. Tnh khi lng mui to thnh
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...................................................................................................................................................
3 Ha tan 5,4 g 1 kim loi cha r ha tr vo dung dch H2SO4 long thu c 6,72 l H2(kc)
a xc nh tn kim loi.
b nu dng 5,4 g kim loi trn cho tc dng vi H2SO4 c, nng th th tch kh thu c o kc l bao nhiu?
PTHH 2479.
PTHH 2480.
PTHH 2481.
PTHH 2482.
PTHH 2483.
PTHH 2484.
PTHH 2485.
PTHH 2486.
PTHH 2487.
PTHH 2488.
PTHH 2489.
PTHH 2490.
PTHH 2491.
PTHH 2492.
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...................................................................................................................................................
4 Ha tan hon ton 0,1 mol mi cht Fe, FeS, v FeS 2 trong dung dch H2SO4 c nng thu c V lt (ktc) SO 2 sn phm kh duy
nht.Gi tr ca V l
PTHH 2493.
PTHH 2494.
PTHH 2495.
PTHH 2496.
PTHH 2497.
PTHH 2498.
PTHH 2499.
PTHH 2500.
PTHH 2501.
PTHH 2502.
PTHH 2503.
PTHH 2504.
PTHH 2505.
A. 30,24 lt
B. 20,24 lt
C. 33,26 lt
D. 44,38 lt
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5 Ho tan hon ton 49,6 gam hn hp X gm Fe, FeO, Fe 2O3 v Fe3O4 bng H2SO4 c, nng thu c dung dch Y v 8,96 lt kh
SO2(ktc). Thnh phn phn trm v khi lng ca oxi trong hn hp X v khi lng mui trong dung dch Y ln lt l:
PTHH 2506.
PTHH 2507.
PTHH 2508.
PTHH 2509.
PTHH 2510.
PTHH 2511.
PTHH 2512.
PTHH 2513.
PTHH 2514.
PTHH 2515.
PTHH 2516.
PTHH 2517.
PTHH 2518.
PTHH 2519.
PTHH 2520.
PTHH 2521.
PTHH 2522.
PTHH 2523.
A. 20,97% v 140 gam.

B. 37,50% v 140 gam.
C. 20,97% v 180 gam
D.37,50% v 120 gam.
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6 Ha tan m gam Al vo dung dch H2SO4 c nng thu c 4,48 lt (ktc) hn hp hai kh SO2 v H2S c t l th tch 1 : 1. Gi tr ca m
l
PTHH 2524.
PTHH 2525.
PTHH 2526.
PTHH 2527.
PTHH 2528.
PTHH 2529.
PTHH 2530.
PTHH 2531.
PTHH 2532.
PTHH 2533.
PTHH 2534.
PTHH 2535.
A. 9 gam
B. 27 gam
C. 12 gam
D. 6 gam
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7 Cho 7,7 gam hn hp Mg, Zn tan hon ton vi dung dch H 2SO4 c nng d thu c dung dch X v 0,1 mol SO 2, 0,01 mol S v 0,005
mol H2S. Tnh khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp.
PTHH 2536.
PTHH 2537.
PTHH 2538.
PTHH 2539.
PTHH 2540.
PTHH 2541.
PTHH 2542.
PTHH 2543.
PTHH 2544.
PTHH 2545.
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PTHH 2546.
8 Ha tan 30 gam hn hp mt s kim loi vo dung dch H 2SO4 c nng d thu c dung dch X v 0,15 mol SO 2, 0,1mol S v 0,005
mol H2S. Xc nh s mol H2SO4 tham gia phn ng v khi lng mui to thnh sau phn ng?
PTHH 2547.
PTHH 2548.
PTHH 2549.
PTHH 2550.
PTHH 2551.
PTHH 2552.
PTHH 2553.
PTHH 2554.
PTHH 2555.
PTHH 2556.
PTHH 2557.
PTHH 2558.
PTHH 2559.
PTHH 2560.
PTHH 2561.
PTHH 2562.
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9 Cho 10,38 gam hn hp gm Fe, Al v Ag chia lm 2 phn bng nhau:

PTHH 2563.
PTHH 2564.
PTHH 2565.
PTHH 2566.
PTHH 2567.
PTHH 2568.
PTHH 2569.
PTHH 2570.
PTHH 2571.
PTHH 2572.
PTHH 2573.
PTHH 2574.
PTHH 2575.
PTHH 2576.
PTHH 2577.
PTHH 2578.
PTHH 2579.
PTHH 2580.
PTHH 2581.
Phn 1: Tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long d thu c 2,352 lit khi (kc).
Phn 2: Tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 , nng d thu c 2,912lit kh SO2 (kc).
Tnh khi lng tng kim loi trong hn hp ban u.
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10 Cho H2SO4 long d tc dng vi 6,66 gam hn hp gm 2 kim loi A,B u ho tr II thu c 0,1 mol kh ng thi khi lng gim
6,5 g. Ho tan phn rn cn li bng H2SO4c, nng th thu c 0,16 gam SO2.
a nh tn 2 kim loi A, B ( gi s MA > MB ).
b Tnh thnh phn khi lng v thnh phn % khi lng ca chng c trong hn hp.Cho phng php tch ri tng cht sau y ra khi
hn hp A, B, oxit B v ASO4 ( mui sunfat)
PTHH 2582. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2583. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2584. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2585. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2586. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2587. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2588.
PTHH 2589.
PTHH 2590.
PTHH 2591.
PTHH 2592.
PTHH 2593.
PTHH 2594.
PTHH 2595.
PTHH 2596.
PTHH 2597.
PTHH 2598.
PTHH 2599.
PTHH 2600.
PTHH 2601.
PTHH 2602.
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PTHH 2603.
1
Dng 5, Bi ton tng hp
Cho 6,45 gam mt hn hp gm lu hunh v 1 kim loi M ( ho tr 2) vo mt bnh kn khng cha Oxi. Nung bnh cho n khi phn
ng hon ton thu c hn hp B. Cho hn hp B tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu oc kh C v 1,6 gam cht rn D khng tan. Cho
kh C i t t qua 1 dung dch Pb(CH 3COO)2 c kt ta cn nng 11,95 g. Xc nh kim loi M v tnh khi lng M v lu hunh trong
hn hp ban u
PTHH 2604.
PTHH 2605.
PTHH 2606.
PTHH 2607.
PTHH 2608.
PTHH 2609.
PTHH 2610.
Hng dn:
Cho kh C i t t qua 1 dung dch Pb(CH3COO)2 c kt ta cn nng 11,95 g.
kh C l H2S
H2S + Pb(CH3COO)2
PbS + 2 CH3COOH
Mol
0,05
Khi cho hh B tc dng vi HCl d thu dc 1,6 (g) cht rn D
cht rn D bao gm S (do phn ng ca S vi kim loi M xy ra hon ton)
PTHH 2611.
Ta c cc phng trnh ha hc
PTHH 2612.
PTHH 2613.
Mol
M + S
0,05 0,05
MS (k:nhit )
0,05
PTHH 2614.
PTHH 2615.
PTHH 2616.
MS + 2HCl
MCl2 + H2S
Mol
0,05
0,05
C mM = mhh ban u mS = 6,45 0,05.32 1,6 = 3,25(g)
PTHH 2617.
M nM = 0,05mol
2 Mt hn hp X gm 2 mui sunfit v hirosunfit ca cng mt kim loi kim

PTHH 2618.
- Cho 43,6 gam hn hp X tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long d. Cht kh A sinh ra lm mt mu va 400 ml
dung dch KMnO4 0,3M

PTHH 2620.
PTHH 2621.
PTHH 2622.
PTHH 2619. 2KMnO4 + 5SO2 + 2H2O 2MnSO4 + 2KHSO4 + H2SO4

- Mt khc, 43,6 gam hn hp X cng tc dng va vi 100 ml dung dch NaOH 1M.
a) Xc nh tn kim loi kim? % khi lng mi mui trong hn hp X?
b) Cho ton b kh A sinh ra hp th vo 500 gam dung dch Ba(OH) 2 6,84%. Tnh nng phn trm ca dung dch
thu c?
PTHH 2623.
PTHH 2624.
c) Tnh khi lng dung dch Ba(OH)2 6,84% ti thiu dng hp thu ton b lng kh A ni trn?
Hng dn:
PTHH 2625.
PTHH 2626.
a) Gi kim loi kim cn tm l M khi t

(2M+80).x+(M+81). y = 43,6 (*)
PTHH 2627.
PTHH 2628.
PTHH 2629.
Ta c:
Mol
M2SO3 + H2SO4
x
x
M2SO4 + H2O + SO2

x
PTHH 2630.
PTHH 2631.
2MHSO3 + H2SO4
Mol
y
y/2
PTHH 2632.
PTHH 2633.
PTHH 2634.
M2SO4 + 2H2O +2SO2

y
2KMnO4 + 5SO2 +2H2O
2MnSO4+2KHSO4+H2SO4
(**)
nNaOH = 0,1.1 = 0,1 (mol)
PTHH 2635.
PTHH 2636.
Ta c:
PTHH 2637.
PTHH 2638.
Thay vo (*) ta c
(2M + 80).0,2 + (M + 81).0,1 = 43,6 M = 39gam/mol M l Kali (K)
Mol
0,1
0,1
PTHH 2639.
PTHH 2640.
Da vo cc phng trnh v gii h ta c
PTHH 2641.
PTHH 2642.
c) Lng dung dch Ba(OH)2 ti thiu hp th ht SO2 l lng Ba(OH)2 tc dng ch to ra mui sunfit axit
PTHH 2643.
PTHH 2644.
Mol
PTHH 2645.
PTHH 2646.
Cu 3. Cho 8,3 g hn hp A gm 3 kim loi ng, Nhm v Magi tc dng va vi dung dch H2SO4 20%
0,3
0,3
(long). Sau phn ng cn cht khng tan B v thu c 5,6 lt kh (kc). Ho tan hon ton B trong H2SO4 , nng, d; thu c
a
b
c
1,12 lt kh SO2 (kc).

Tnh % s mol mi kim loi trong hn hp A.
Tnh C% cc cht c trong dung dch B, bit lng H2SO4 phn ng l va .
Dn ton b kh SO2 trn vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 sau mt thi gian thu c 3 g kt ta v dung dch D. Lc b kt ta cho
Ca(OH)2 n d vo dung dch D, tm khi lng kt ta thu c.

PTHH 2647. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2648. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2649. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2650. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2651. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2652. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2653. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2654. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2655. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2656. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2657. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2658. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2659.
PTHH 2660.
PTHH 2661.
PTHH 2662.
PTHH 2663.
PTHH 2664.
PTHH 2665.
PTHH 2666.
PTHH 2667.
PTHH 2668.
PTHH 2669.
PTHH 2670.
PTHH 2671.
PTHH 2672.
PTHH 2673.
PTHH 2674.
PTHH 2675.
PTHH 2676.
PTHH 2677.
PTHH 2678.
PTHH 2679.
PTHH 2680.
PTHH 2681.
PTHH 2682.
PTHH 2683.
PTHH 2684.
PTHH 2685.
PTHH 2686.
PTHH 2687.
PTHH 2688.
PTHH 2689.
PTHH 2690.
PTHH 2691.
PTHH 2692.
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PTHH 2693.
PTHH 2694.
PTHH 2695.
PTHH 2696.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
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...................................................................................................................................................
4 Cho H2SO4 long d tc dng vi 6,66 gr hn hp gm 2 kim loi A,B u ho tr II thu c 0,1 mol kh ng thi khi lng gim 6,5
gam.
PTHH 2697.
Ho tan phn rn cn li bng H2SO4c, nng th thu c 0,16 gr SO2.
d nh tn 2 kim loi A, B ( gi s MA > MB ).
e Tnh thnh phn khi lng v thnh phn % khi lng ca chng c trong hn hp.Cho phng php tch ri tng cht sau y ra khi
hn hp A, B, oxit B v ASO4 ( mui sunfat).
PTHH 2698. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2699. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2700. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2701. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2702. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2703. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2704. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2705. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2706. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2707. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2708. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2709. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2710. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2711. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2712. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2713. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2714. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2715. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2716. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2717. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2718. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2719. ...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2720.
PTHH 2721.
PTHH 2722.
PTHH 2723.
PTHH 2724.
PTHH 2725.
PTHH 2726.
PTHH 2727.
PTHH 2728.
PTHH 2729.
PTHH 2730.
PTHH 2731.
PTHH 2732.
PTHH 2733.
PTHH 2734.
PTHH 2735.
PTHH 2736.
PTHH 2737.
PTHH 2738.
PTHH 2739.
PTHH 2740.
PTHH 2741.
PTHH 2742.
PTHH 2743.
PTHH 2744.
PTHH 2745.
PTHH 2746.
PTHH 2747.
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PTHH 2748.
PHN 3. BI TP M RNG, BI TP NH HNG PHT TRIN
NNG LC
PTHH 2749.
Bi 1. Natripeoxit (Na2O2) khi tc dng vi nc s sinh ra H 2O2 l mt cht oxi ha mnh c th ty trng c qun
o. V vy tng hiu qu ty trng ca bt git ngi ta thng cho thm vo mt t bt natripeoxit.

PTHH 2750.
Na2O2 + 2H2O 2NaOH + H2O2
PTHH 2751.
2H2O2
2H2O + O2
PTHH 2752.
Vy cch tt nht bo qun bt git l:
PTHH 2753.
A.
ni rm mt, kh thong, y kn np.
PTHH 2754.
B.
ni kh thong, khng c np y.
PTHH 2755.
C.
ni kh thong, c nh sng mt tri.
PTHH 2756.
D.
ni mt m, c hi m.
PTHH 2757.
Hng dn gii: p n A.
PTHH 2758.
Bi 2. Khng kh cha mt lng nh ozon (di 10-6 % theo th tch) c tc dng lm cho khng kh trong lnh. Hy
cho bit l do v sao?

PTHH 2759.
1.
Sau nhng cn ma c sm chp, ng x, khu ph, rng cy bu tri xanh cng nh sch quang, mt m,
trong lnh hn?

PTHH 2760.
2.
cc rng thng khng kh thng rt trong lnh, d chu v cc vin dng lo thng c t gn cc i
thng?
PTHH 2761.
Hng dn gii:
PTHH 2762.
Do trong khng kh c 20% O 2 nn khi c sm chp to iu kin: To ra mt lng nh O 3, O3 c kh nng st
trng nn ngoi nhng ht ma cun theo bi th O3 l tc nhn lm mi trng sch s v cm gic ti mt hn.
PTHH 2763.
V nha thng rt d b oxi ha gii phng 1 lng nh ozon, ozon s lm cho khng kh trong lnh hn. Do cc
khu iu dng hoc cha bnh thng c b tr rt gn cc rng thng.

PTHH 2764.
Bi 3. Bit rng c Cl2 v O3 u l c tnh ty trng. Nhng tit trng nc dng trong sn xut cc nh my ny
ch s dng O3 m khng dng Cl2. V sao clo v ozon c tinh ty trng? Nguyn nhn cc nh my ch s dng ozon l do u?
PTHH 2765.
Hng dn gii:
PTHH 2766.
Do clo v ozon u c tnh oxi ha mnh nn c tnh st trng. Ozon khi phn r n to thnh cc gc t do ca xy,
l nhng cht c hot tnh cao v gy nguy him hay tiu dit phn ln cc phn t hu c.
PTHH 2767.
Cc nguyn nhn l do:
PTHH 2768.
+ Nc kh trng bng Cl2 c mi kh chu do lng Clo d gy nn.
PTHH 2769.
+ Nc kh trng bng O3 khng c mi do ch cn lng nh O 3 c th kh trng nhiu m3 nc, ozon khng
bn, lun t phn gii v cui cng ch cn oxy v hi v khng c cc sn phm ph gy nhim nc.
PTHH 2770.
PTHH 2771.
+ Nc kh trng bng O3 c th dit c c vi khun c ln nh: vi khun Kock gy bnh lao, amip
Bi 4. Hy cho bit qu trnh hnh thnh ozon trn tng cao ca kh quyn v ngun sn sinh ozon trn mt t. Ozon
u c vai tr bo v s sng, u gy hi cho s sng?

PTHH 2772.
Hng dn gii:
PTHH 2773.
+) Qu trnh hnh thnh ozon:
PTHH 2774.
zn trong bu kh quyn Tri t ni chung c to thnh bi tia cc tm (UV) hoc s phng in trong cn
dng.
PTHH 2775.
PTHH 2776.
Trn mt t, nhng kh thi ca ng c t, xe my c CO, NO. Kh NO c hnh thnh l do s kt hp trc
tip ca N2 v O2 trong xilanh ca cc ng c t trong:

PTHH 2777.
N2
+ O2 2NO
PTHH 2778.
Trong khng kh, nit monooxit b oxi ha thnh nit ioxit:

PTHH 2779.
PTHH 2780.
2NO + O2
nh sng mt tri phn hy NO2 thnh gc oxi t do:

PTHH 2781.
PTHH 2782.
PTHH 2785.
NO2
NO + O*
Gc oxi t do kt hp vi O2 to thnh O3 :
PTHH 2783.
PTHH 2784.
2NO2
O* + O2
O3
+) Tc ng ca ozon:
- tng thp (trn mt t) vi lng rt nh (di 10 -6 theo th tch) c tc dng lm cho khng kh trong lnh
nhng vi lng ln th ozon l cht gy nhim. N cng vi nhng hp cht oxit nit gy nn m quang ha bao ph bu tri
thnh ph trong nhng ngy h khng gi. M quang ha gy au c bp, mi, cung hng, l ngun gc ca bnh kh th.
Ozon cng ging cacbon ioxit, l cht gy hiu ng nh knh. Nng O3 trong kh quyn tng ln 2 ln th nhit tng thm
1C.
PTHH 2786.
- tng cao ( cao t 20 - 30km) ozon c chc nng ngn cn tia cc tm UV, bo v s sng trn Tri t. Ngi
ta tnh lng O 3 gim 0,1% th ngi b ung th da tng 2%, dit cc loi rong to, cc ph du sinh vt, n oxi ho cc vt liu
trn Tri t, tng nhit Tri t t 1,5 - 4,5%, nh th nc bin s tng t 5 - 7 m, lm cho ri lon my i lu tng cao
nh hng n thi tit, lm tng nhit .
PTHH 2787.
PTHH 2788.
Bi 5. Lu hunh l nguyn liu quan trng cho nhiu ngnh cng nghip: sn xut H 2SO4, lu ha cao su, ch to
dim, sn xut cht ty trng Ngun cung cp lu hunh t do ch yu l do khai thc t lng t theo phng php Frasch.
Ngoi ra lu hunh cn c iu ch t cc kh thi c hi nh SO 2 (sn phm ph trong cng nghip luyn kim mu), H2S (c
tch t kh t nhin). Hy vit phn ng tng hp lu hunh t cc kh trn.
PTHH 2789.
PTHH 2790.
Hng dn gii:
t H2S trong iu kin thiu khng kh:
PTHH 2791.
PTHH 2792.
Dng H2S kh SO2:

PTHH 2793.
PTHH 2794.
2H2S + O2 2S + 2H2O
2H2S + SO2 3S + 2H2O
Bi 6. Thy ngn l 1 loi kim loi nng rt c. Ngi b nhim thy ngn b run chn tay, rung m mt, mt ng,
gim tr nh, ri lon thn kinh thm tr c th b t vong khi b nhim thy ngn vi nng ln ( ln hn 100 micro gam/ m 3).
Thy ngn c hn khi th hi v d dng hp th vo c th qua nhiu con ng nh ng h hp, ng tiu ha, qua da
Vy ta cn x l nh th no khi cn thu hi thy ngn ri vi ? Lin h vi tnh hung x l an ton khi v tnh lm v nhit k
thy ngn trong phng th nghim?
PTHH 2795.
Hng dn gii:
PTHH 2796.
Khi thu hi thy ngn ri vi ngi ta thng s dng bt lu hunh rc ln nhng ch c thy ngn, v S c th tc
dng vi thy ngn to thnh HgS dng rn v khng bay hi. Qu trnh thu gom thy ngn cng n gin hn.
PTHH 2797.
PTHH 2798.
Hg + S HgS
Khi v tnh lm v nhit k thy ngn trong phng th nghim, cn rc ngay bt lu hunh bao ph tt c cc mnh v.
Sau dng chi qut sch, gi vo giy v cho vo thng rc.

PTHH 2799.
Bi 7. dit chut trong mt nh kho ngi ta thng dng phng php t lu hunh, ng kn ca nh kho li.
Chut ht phi khi s b sung yt hu co git, t lit c quan h hp dn ngt m cht. Hy vit phn ng t chy lu hunh. Cht
g lm chut cht? Hy gii thch?
PTHH 2800.
Hng dn gii:
PTHH 2801.
Phn ng t chy lu hunh:

PTHH 2802.
PTHH 2803.
Kh SO2 sinh ra lm chut cht v SO2 l kh c, khi ht phi khng kh c SO2 s gy hi cho sc khe (gy
vim phi, mt, da), nng cao gy ra bnh tt thm ch t vong.
PTHH 2804.
Bi 8. Kh SO2 do cc nh my thi ra l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn quan trng gy nhim khng kh. Tiu chun
quc t quy nh: nu trong khng kh nng SO2 vt qu 30.10-6 mol/m3 th coi nh khng kh b nhim SO2. Khi tin hnh
phn tch 40 lt khng kh mt thnh ph thy c cha 0,024mg SO2. Hy cho bit thnh ph c b nhim SO2 khng?
PTHH 2805.
Hng dn gii:
PTHH 2806.
i 40 lt = 40 dm3 = 40.10-3 m3
PTHH 2807.
Ta c:
PTHH 2808.
Nng kh SO2 thnh ph l:
PTHH 2809.
PTHH 2810.
Hoc c th gii theo cch
PTHH 2811.
Do trong 40.10-3 m3 khng kh c cha 3,75.10-7 mol SO2
PTHH 2812.
Trong 1m3 cha X mol SO2 nn
PTHH 2813.
Vy nng SO2 trong khng kh l 9,375.10-6 mol/m3
PTHH 2814.
Nhn xt: X < 30.10-6 mol/m3. Vy khng kh ti thnh ph khng b nhim.
PTHH 2815.
Bi 9. SO2 l mt trong cc cht ch yu gy nhim mi trng nhng c nhiu ng dng : dng sn xut axit
sunfuric, ty trng giy, bt giy, chng nm mc cho lng thc, thc phm Trong cng nghip SO 2 c iu ch t cc
nguyn liu khc nhau nh lu hunh, t qung sunfua kim loi nh pirit st (FeS 2). Em hy vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch
SO2 v cho bit u, nhc im i i vi mi trng ca 2 loi nguyn liu trn.
PTHH 2816.
Hng dn gii:
PTHH 2817.
Phng trnh ha hc:
PTHH 2818.
PTHH 2820.
u im
PTHH 2819.
+ L nhng nguyn liu c
im
PTHH 2824. +
sn, d khai thc.

PTHH 2821.
+ Khng to ra sn phm
ph thi ra mi trng.
PTHH 2822.
+ Phn ng xy ra n
gin, hiu sut cao.

PTHH 2823.
PTHH 2827.
Ti
nguyn thin nhin cn

kit.
PTHH 2825.
+ Qu trnh
khai thc c th nh
hng n h sinh thi,
mi trng t xung
quanh.
PTHH 2826.
Nhc
PTHH 2828.
Bi 10. Axit sunfuric l ha cht hng u trong nhiu nghnh sn xut, c mnh danh l mu ca cc ngnh cng
nghip. Trong cng nghip axit sunfuric c sn xut bng phng php tip xc. Phng php ny gm 3 cng on chnh: sn
xut SO2 sn xut SO3 sn xut H2SO4. Trong cng on sn xut SO3 t SO2 thc hin cn c iu kin phn ng thch
hp. Hy cho bit iu kin ca phn ng trn l g? Bit rng trong t nhin cng c mt lng axit sunfuric sinh ra theo cc cng
on trn. Hy gii thch qu trnh hnh thnh?
PTHH 2829.
Hng dn gii:
PTHH 2830.
- iu kin phn ng l: nhit 450 - 500C, xc tc l Vanai oxit (V2O5)
PTHH 2831.
- Trong t nhin cng xy ra qu trnh sn xut axit sunfuric theo cc cng on trn v: SO 2 l sn phm ph chim
mt lng ln trong cng nghip luyn kim mu, SO 2 tip tc kt hp vi O2 trong khng kh to SO3 nh cht xc tc l cc oxit
kim loi c trong khi bi kh thi, SO3 kt hp vi nc to H2SO4.
PTHH 2832.
PTHH 2833.
Bi 11. c thng tin c a ra on vn di y
PTHH 2834.
Ma axit - hu qu ca nhim khi, bi c pht hin ln u tin vo nm 1948 ti Thy in. Ngay t nhng
nm 50 ca th k 20, hin tng ny bt u c nghin cu. Pht hin ti c nm 1984 cho thy, hn mt na cc cnh
rng ca min Ty nc ny v ang vo thi k b ph hy vi nhng mc khc nhau v sn lng g b hy c tnh
khong 800 triu la. Hay nh Thy S b thit hi khong 12 triu cy (chim 14% din tch rng), trong khi H Lan din
tch rng b ph hy ln n 40%.
PTHH 2835.
Cu 1. Hy cho bit ma axit l loi nc ma nh th no? Nguyn nhn chnh no gy ra ma axit l g?
PTHH 2836.
Cu 2. Hy cho bit tc hi ca ma axit?
PTHH 2837.
Hng dn gii:
PTHH 2838.
Cu 1.
PTHH 2839.
- Ma axit l hin tng ma m nc ma c pH di 5,6.
PTHH 2840.
- y l hu qu ca qu trnh pht trin sn xut con ngi tiu th nhiu than , du m v cc nhin liu t
nhin khc. Trong thnh phn cc cht t t nhin nh than v du m c cha mt lng ln lu hunh, cn trong khng
kh li cha nhiu nit. Qu trnh t sn sinh ra cc kh c hi nh: lu hunh ioxit (SO2) v nit ioxit (NO2). Cc kh ny ha
tan vi hi nc trong khng kh to thnh cc axit sunfuric (H2SO4) v axit nitric(HNO3). Khi tri ma, cc ht axit ny tan ln
vo nc ma, lm pH ca nc ma gim. Nu nc ma c pH di 5,6 c gi l ma axit.
PTHH 2841.
Cu 2.
PTHH 2842.
Ma axit nh hng xu ti cc thu vc (ao, h). Cc dng chy do ma axit vo h, ao s lm pH ca h gim
xung, lng nc trong ao h s gim i nhanh chng, cc sinh vt trong h, ao suy yu hoc cht hon ton. H, ao tr thnh cc
thu vc cht.
PTHH 2843.
Ma axit nh hng xu ti t do nc ma ngm xung t lm tng chua ca t, ha tan cc nguyn t trong
t cn thit cho cy nh canxi (Ca), magie (Mg) lm suy thoi t, cy ci km pht trin. L cy gp ma axit s b "chy" lm
chm, mm s cht kh, lm cho kh nng quang hp ca cy gim, cho nng sut thp.
PTHH 2844.
Ma axit cn ph hu cc vt liu lm bng kim loi nh st, ng, km, ... lm gim tui th cc cng trnh xy dng,
lm l lot b mt bng ca cc cng trnh.

PTHH 2845.
Hu ht tt c, ma axit nh hng xu n sc khe con ngi. N c th lm hi chng ta thng qua khng kh v
nhim t.
PTHH 2846.
Bi 12. Ti mt phng th nghim, kim tra hm lng hidrosunfua c trong mu kh ly t bi rc, ngi ta cho
mu i vo dung dch ch nitrat d tc 2,5 lt/pht trong 400 pht. Lc tch kt ta thu c 4,78 mg cht rn mu en. Da
vo cc d liu ni trn, em hy xc nh hm lng hidrosunfua c trong mu kh (theo n v mg/m 3). Khng kh ti khu vc
bi rc c b nhim khng? Bit rng theo tiu chun Vit Nam khu dn c, hm lng hidrosunfua khng c vt qu 0,3
mg/m3.
PTHH 2847.
PTHH 2848.
Hng dn gii:
i 4,78 mg = 4,78.10-3 g
PTHH 2849.
PTHH 2850.
PTHH 2851.
Trong 400 pht th tch mu kh i qua dung dch ch nitrat l:

2,5. 400 = 1000 lt = 1000 dm3 = 1 m3
Cht rn mu en l ch sunfua (PbS) ta c:
PTHH 2852.
PTHH 2853.
Khi lng hidrosunfua c trong mu kh l:

PTHH 2854.
PTHH 2855.
PTHH 2856.
PTHH 2857.
PTHH 2858.
PTHH 2859.
Hm lng hidrosunfua c trong mu kh l:

C = 0,68 : 1 = 0,68 mg/m3
Nhn xt: C = 0,68 > 0,3 nn khng kh ti khu vc bi rc c b nhim.
Bi tp t gii
Bi 14. Kh SO2 do cc nh my cng nghip thi ra l nguyn nhn quan trng nht gy nhim mi trng khng
kh. T chc Y t th gii (WHO) quy nh: Nu lng SO2 vt qu 3.10-5 mol/m3 th coi nh khng kh b nhim SO2. Tin
hnh phn tch 50 lt khng kh mt thnh ph thy 0,012 mg SO2 vy khng kh thnh ph c b nhim khng
PTHH 2860.
PTHH 2861.
PTHH 2862.
PTHH 2863.
PTHH 2864.
PTHH 2865.
PTHH 2866.
PTHH 2867.
PTHH 2868.
PTHH 2869.
PTHH 2870.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2871.
PTHH 2872.
PTHH 2873.
PTHH 2874.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2875.
Bi 15. xc nh hm lng kh c H2S trong khng kh, ngi ta lm th nghim sau: Ly 30 lt khng kh nhim
H2S c t khi d = 1,2 gam/ml cho i qua thit b phn tch c bnh hp th ng lng d dung dch CdSO4 hp th hon ton
kh H2S di dng kt ta mu vng CdS. Sau axit ha ton b dung dch cha kt ta trong bnh hp th v cho ton b lng
H2S thot ra hp th ht vo 10mL dung dch I2 0,0107M oxi ha H2S thnh S. Lng I2 d phn ng va vi 12,85mL dung
dch Na2S2O3 0,01344M
PTHH 2876.
a, Vit phng trnh ha hc cc phn ng xy ra
PTHH 2877.
b, Tnh hm lng H2S trong khng kh theo ppm (s microgam cht trong mt gam mu)
PTHH 2878.
PTHH 2879.
PTHH 2880.
PTHH 2881.
PTHH 2882.
PTHH 2883.
PTHH 2884.
PTHH 2885.
PTHH 2886.
PTHH 2887.
PTHH 2888.
PTHH 2889.
PTHH 2890.
PTHH 2891.
PTHH 2892.
PTHH 2893.
PTHH 2894.
PTHH 2895.
PTHH 2896.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
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...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2897.
...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2898.
Bi 16. Quan st s b tr th nghim di y
PTHH 2899.
PTHH 2900.
Nu A, E l cc cht lng; B l cht rn; C l cht kh v D l mt cht kt ta, hy cho bit A, B, C, D, E l nhng
cht g trong mi trng hp sau

PTHH 2901.
Trng hp 1: D l cht kt ta mu en (CuS)
PTHH 2902.
Trng hp 2: C l kh hidroclorua
PTHH 2903.
Trng hp 3: E l dung dch nc vi trong
PTHH 2904.
PTHH 2905.
PTHH 2906.
PTHH 2907.
PTHH 2908.
PTHH 2909.
PTHH 2910.
PTHH 2911.
PTHH 2912.
PTHH 2913.
PTHH 2914.
PTHH 2915.
PTHH 2916.
PTHH 2917.
PTHH 2918.
PTHH 2919.
PTHH 2920.
PTHH 2921.
Hy vit cc phng trnh ha hc ca cc phn ng xy ra.

...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
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...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2922.
Bi 17. Hnh v di y m t th nghim iu ch kh oxi trong phng th nghim
PTHH 2923.
PTHH 2924.
a, Tm im cha hp l ca hnh v trn. Gii thch v nu cch sa c b dng c ng nht
PTHH 2925.
PTHH 2926.
PTHH 2927.
PTHH 2928.
PTHH 2929.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2930.
b, Phng php thu kh trn da vo tnh cht no ca oxi
PTHH 2931.
PTHH 2932.
PTHH 2933.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2934.
c, Khi kt thc th nghim, ti sao phi tho ng dn kh trc khi tt n cn
PTHH 2935.
PTHH 2936.
PTHH 2937.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2938.
d, Nu kh oxi sinh ra c ln hi nc th c th dng cht no sau y lm kh kh oxi
PTHH 2939.
A, Al2O3
PTHH 2940.
e, Nu cc cht KMnO4 v KClO3 c khi lng bng nhau th chn cht no iu ch kh oxi nhiu hn. Hy gii
B, H2SO4 c
C, Dung dch Ca(OH)2
D. Dung dch HCl
thch bng cch tnh ton trn c s phng trnh ha hc

PTHH 2941.
PTHH 2942.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2943.
PTHH 2944.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
PTHH 2945.____________________CHUYN 8
PTHH 2946._TC PHN NG CN BNG HA HC
PTHH 2947.
TM TT L THUYT
Tc phn ng:
1. nh ngha:
PTHH 2948.
Tc phn ng (V) l i lng biu th s thay i nng ca mt cht tham gia phn ng (hoc sn phm) trong mt n
v thi gian. C ngha l cho bit mc nhanh chm ca mt phn ng.

PTHH 2949.
PTHH 2950.
PTHH 2951.
V=
PTHH 2952.
PTHH 2953.
Trong :
C1: Nng ban u ca mt hp cht tham gia phn ng
PTHH 2954.
C2: Nng cht sau thi gian t giy phn ng.
PTHH 2955.
Ch : mun phn ng xy ra trc ht phi c s va chm ca ht cht phn ng. Tuy nhin va chm phi l va chm c
hiu qu, ngha l ch nhng va chm gia cc ht c nng lng ln, t nht cung phi tri hn cc ht khc mt nng lng ti thiu
no . Nng lng ti thiu cn cho mt P ha hc xy ra gi l nng lng hot ha.
2. Cc yu t nh hng n tc phn ng:
a. Nng : Tng nng cht tham gia phn ng th V tng.
b. Nhit : Thng thng khi tng nhit ln 10oC th tc phn ng tng ln 2- 4 ln.
PTHH 2956.
PTHH 2957.
PTHH 2958.
PTHH 2959.
Ta c:
I.
PTHH 2960.
Trong :
PTHH 2961.
PTHH 2962.
l tc phn ng nhit ban u(t1)
l tc phn ng nhit cao hn(t2)

l h s nhit ca tc (cho bit tc phn ng tng ln bao nhiu ln khi
= 10oC.
c. B mt din tch tip xc cc cht rn.

d. S c mt cht xc tc:
PTHH 2963.
Cht xc tc l cht lm tng tc phn ng m khng tiu hao trong phn ng ha hc, ngha l s c phc hi, tch khi
sn phm phn ng v khng b bin i v tnh cht ha hc ln v lng.

PTHH 2964.
Vai tr ca cht xc tc l lm gim nng lng hot ha ca phn ng.
PTHH 2965.
Ch : cht c tc dng lm gim tc phn ng gi l cht c ch phn ng.
3. Biu thc thc nghim ca tc phn ng:

PTHH 2966.
mA+nBpC+qD:
PTHH 2967.
PTHH 2968.
PTHH 2969.
Trong : k l hng s tc phn ng, ch ph thuc vo nhit v bn cht cc phn ng.
Cn bng ha hc
1. Phn ng thun nghch: L phn ng trong cng iu kin c th ng thi xy ra theo 2 chiu ngc nhau: chiu thun v chiu nghch.
2. Cn bng ha hc: L trng thi ca hn hp cc cht phn ng khi tc phn ng thun (V t) bng tc phn ng nghch (Vn): Vt =Vn
PTHH 2970.
Ch : Cn bng ha hc l cn bng ng, ngha l khi h t ti trng thi cn bng, cc phn ng thun v nghch vn xy ra
nhng v tc ca chng bng nhau nn khng nhn thy s bin i trong h.

3. Hng s cn bng ca phn ng thun nghch: kc
PTHH 2971.
mA+nB pC+qD
PTHH 2972.
H t ti trng thi cn bng : vt = vn
PTHH 2973.
Hng s cn bng ca phn ng thun nghch:
PTHH 2974.
Ch :
PTHH 2975.
* Hng s tc kt, kn v hng s cn bng kc ch ph thuc vo nhit v loi phn ng.
PTHH 2976.
* Cc nng mol [ ] c tnh ti thi im cn bng
PTHH 2977.
* [C], [ D]: lng nng sn phm sinh ra ti thi im t.
PTHH 2978.
* [A], [B]: lng nng cht tham gia phn ng cn li thi im t = lng cht ban u lng cht phn ng.
PTHH 2979.
* Trong biu thc kc khng xt n nng cht rn trong h m ch xt cht cn li l kh hay lng. i vi cht kh hay nng
bng p sut ring phn ti thi im cn bng.

4. S chuyn dch cn bng ha hc: l qu trnh bin i nng cc cht trong hn hp ca phn ng, t trng thi cn bng ny n trng thi cn
bng khc do s thay i iu kin phn ng
PTHH 2980.
Nguyn l chuyn dch cn bng L Satlie: khi thay i mt trng cc iu kin: nng , nhit , p sut th tng thi cn bng
c s chuyn sang trng thi cn bng mi theo chu chng li s thay i cc yu t .

PTHH 2981.
PTHH 2982.
Thay
PTHH 2983.
PTHH 2984.
Nng
Nhit
p sut
PTHH 2986.
PTHH 2987.
PTHH 2988.
PTHH 2989.
PTHH 2990.
PTHH 2991.
i
i
u
ki
n
PTHH 2992.
PTHH 2993.
PTHH 2994.
PTHH 2995.
PTHH 2996.
PTHH 2998.
PTHH 2999.
Cn
b
Kh
Cn
Thu
Ta
n
Gi
m
Tn
g
ng
ch
PTHH 2997. s
uy
ch
th
eo
ch
(
)
)
u
5. Nhit phn ng:
a. Nng lng lin kt: l nng lng cn cung cp ph v lin kt ha hc v bng nng lng c gii phng khi hnh thnh lin kt ha hc
t cc nguyn t c lp nhng ngc du.
PTHH 3000.
Nng lng lin kt c tnh bng kJ/mol v k hiu Elk.
b. Nhit phn ng: L nng lng ta ra hay thu vo trong mt phn ng ha hc. Nhit phn ng c k hiu l Q hoc
PTHH 3001.
Nu phn ng ta nhit:
<0 (h mt nhit cho mi tng).
PTHH 3002.
Nu phn ng thu nhit:
>0 (h nhn nhit ca mi trng)
PTHH 3003.
V d: CaCO3 CaO+CO2
=186,19kJ/mol
Q).
PTHH 3004.
2H2+O2 2H2O
PTHH 3005.
Phn ng chy, phn ng trung ha thuc loi phn ng ta nhit. Phn ng nhit phn
= - 241,8kJ/mol
thng l phn ng thu nhit.

PTHH 3006.
PTHH 3007.
Cu 1.
BI TP P DNG
Cho phn ng: CaCO3(r)
PTHH 3008.
Gi tr
CaO(r)+CO2 (k)
= + 572 kJ/ mol.
= + 572 kJ/ mol phn ng trn cho bit:
a. Lng nhit ta ra khi phn hy 1 mol CaCO3

b. Lng nhit cn hp th phn hy 1 mol CaCO3.
c. Lng nhit cn hp th to thnh 1 mol CaCO3.
d. Lng nhit ta ra khi phn hy 1 gam CaCO3.
Cu 2.
Ngi ta s dng nhit ca phn ng t chy than nung vi. Bin php k thut no sau y khng c s dng lm tng tc
phn ng?
a. p nh vi vi kch thc khong 10 cm.
b. Tng nng kh cacbonic
c. Thi khng kh nn vo l nung
d. Tng nhit phn ng ln khong 900oC
Cu 3.
Cho mt mu vi nng 10 gam vo 200 ml dd axit clohiirc 2M. Ngi ta thc hin cc bin php sau:
a. Nghin nh vi trc khi cho vo

b. Dng 100 ml dung dch HCl 4M
c. Tng nhit phn ng
d. Cho thm 500 ml dung dch HCl 1M vo
e. Thc hin phn ng trong mt ng nghim ln hn
PTHH 3009.
C bao nhiu bin php lm tng tc phn ng?
A. 4
Cu 4.
B. 3
Cho phn ng sau: 2CO
D. 2
CO2+C. tc phn ng tng ln 4 ln th nng ca cacbon oxit tng ln bao nhiu ln?
a. 2
Cu 5.
C. 5
b. 3
Ti 25oC, phn ng: 2N2O5(k)
c. 4
4NO2 (k) +O2 (k), c hng s tc phn ng k =
d. 8
, c biu thc tnh tc phn ng v = k.
. Phn
ng trn xy ra trong bnh kn th tch 20,0 lt khng i. Ban u lng N2O5 cho va y bnh. thi im kho st. p sut ring phn N2O5 l
0,070 atm. Cc kh u l l tng. Tnh tc phn ng tiu th N2O5.
d.
a.
b.
Cu 6.
c.
Cho cn bng ha hc sau: 2SO2 (k) + O2 (k)

e.
2SO3 (k) ; H < 0
Cho cc bin php : (1) tng nhit , (2) tng p sut chung ca h phn ng, (3) h nhit , (4) dng thm cht xc tc
V2O5, (5) gim nng SO3, (6) gim p sut chung ca h phn ng. Nhng bin php no lm cn bng trn chuyn dch theo chiu
thun?
f.
Cu 7.
A. (2), (3), (4), (6)
B. (1), (2), (4)
Khi tng p sut ca h phn ng: CO(k)+H2O(k)
C. (1), (2), (4), (5) D. (2), (3), (5)
CO2(k)+H2(k) th cn bng s:
a. Chuyn dch theo chiu nghch

b. Chuyn dch theo chiu thun
c. Khng chuyn dch
d. Chuyn dch theo chiu thun ri cn bng
Cu 8.
Phn ng sn xut vi: CaCO3(r)
ng l:
a. Tng nhit
CaO(r)+CO2 (k)
>0. Bin php k thut tc ng vo qu trnh sn xut tng hiu sut phn
b. Gim p sut
c. Tng p sut
d. C a v b
Cu 9.
Trong phn ng iu ch oxi trong phng th nghim bng cch nhit phn mui kali clorat, nhng bin php no di y c s dng
nhm mc ch tng tc phn ng?

a. Dng cht xc tc mangan ioxit
b. Nung hn hp kali clorat v mangan ioxit
c. Dng phng php y nc thu kh oxi
d. Dng kali clorat v mangan ioxit khan
g. Hy tm bin php ng trong s cc bin php sau:
A. b,c,d
C. a, c, d
B. a, b, c
D. a, b, d
Cu 10. Xt cn bng: Fe2O3(r) +3CO(k)
2Fe (r) +3CO2(k)
Cu 11. Biu thc hng s cn bng ca h l:
a.
c.
d.
b.
Cu 12.
Phn ng tng hp NH3 theo phng trnh ha hc: N2+3H2

e. cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu thun cn:
2NH3
H < 0
a. Tng nhit
c. Thay i xc tc
b. Gim p sut
d. Gim nhit
Cu 13. (H khi A 2011) Cho cn bng ho hc: H2 (k) + I2 (k) 2HI (k); H > 0.
e. Cn bng khng b chuyn dch khi
f. A. tng nhit ca h.
B. gim nng HI.
g. C. tng nng H2.
D. gim p sut chung ca h.
Cu 14. ( H khi B 2010) Cho cc cn bng sau

h.
(I) 2HI (k)
i.
(II) CaCO3 (r)
j.
(III) FeO (r) + CO (k)
Fe (r) + CO2 (k) ;
k.
(IV) 2SO2 (k) + O2 (k)
2SO3 (k)
l.
Khi gim p sut ca h , s cn bng b chuyn dch theo chiu nghch l
m.
A. 4
Cu 15.
H2 (k) + I2 (k) ;
CaO (r) + CO2 (k) ;
B. 3
C. 2
D. 1
Cho 1 mol H2 v 1 mol I2 vo bnh cu 1 lt ri t nng n 490oC. Tnh lng HI thu c khi phn ng t ti trng thi cn bng. Bit k c
= 45,9.
a. 0,772 mol
c. 0, 123 mol
b. 0,223 mol
d. 1,544 mol
Cu 16.
(H khi B 2011) Cho 5,6 gam CO v 5,4 gam H 2O vo mt bnh kn dung tch khng
i 10 lt. Nung nng bnh mt thi gian 830 0C h t n trng thi cn bng: CO (k) + H2O
(k)
CO2 (k) + H2 (k) (hng s cn bng Kc = 1). Nng cn bng ca CO, H2O ln lt l
Cu 17.
A. 0,018M v 0,008 M
B.
0,012M v 0,024M
Cu 18.
C. 0,08M v 0,18M
D. 0,008M v
0,018M
Cu 19. ( H khi A 2010) Cho cn bng ha hc sau: 2SO2 (k) + O2 (k)
2SO3 (k) . Khi
tng nhit th t khi ca hn hp kh so vi H2 gim i. Pht biu ng khi ni v cn bng ny

l:
a. Phn ng nghch ta nhit, cn bng dch chuyn theo chiu thun khi tng nhit
b. Phn ng thun ta nhit, cn bng dch chuyn theo chiu nghch khi tng nhit
c. Phn ng nghch thu nhit, cn bng dch chuyn theo chiu thun khi tng nhit
d. Phn ng thun thu nhit, cn bng dch chuyn theo chiu nghch khi tng nhit .
Cu 20. (H khi A 2010) Cho cn bng ha hc sau: N2O4(k)
2NO2 (k) 25 oC.
Cu 21. Khi chuyn dch sang mt trng thi cn bng mi, nu nng ca N2O4 tng ln 9
ln th nng ca NO2
a. Tng 9 ln
b. Tng 3 ln
c. Tng 4,5 ln
d. Gim 3 ln
Cu 22.
Cu 23.
Cu 24.

BÀI TẬP HÓA HỌC 10

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BÀI TẬP HÓA HỌC 10

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CHUYN 1.

DNG 1 : TON V NG V NGUYN T

Hi nhng nguyn t no l nhng ng v ca cng mt nguyn t v nguyn t l

A1, A2, A3 l s khi ca cc ng v 1, 2, 3

A1, A2, A3 l s khi ca cc ng v 1, 2, 3

Bi 7. Ngt X c 2 ng v , t l s ngt ca ng v 1, ng v 2 l 31 : 19. ng v 1 c 51p, 70n

. T le so nguyen t cua hai

ong v nay la 3 : 1. Tnh nguyen t lng trung bnh cua Clo.

DNG 3. CU HNH ELECTRON NGUYN T V ION

Quy c cch vit cu hnh e nguyn t:

s th t lp e c vit bng cc ch s (1, 2, 3..)

phn lp c k hiu bng cc ch ci thng (s, p, d, f).

s e dc ghi bng ch s pha trn, bn phi k hiuca phn lp ( s2, p2..).

Xc inh s electron ca nguyn t.

Cc electron c phn b theo th t tng dn cc mc nng lng AO, theo cc nguyn

Bi 12. Cho bit tn, k hiu, s hiu nguyn t ca

S phn b electron phn lp ngoi cng S e c thn

Bi 25. Mt nguyn t R c tng s ht mang in v khng mang in l 34, trong s ht

PHN 2. BI TP TRC NGHIM

Cu 2: Mt nguyn t c c trng c bn bng

D. S khi A v in tch ht nhn

Cu 3: Nguyn t ha hc bao gm cc nguyn t:

D. C cng s proton v s ntron

Cu 4: iu khng nh no sau y l sai ?

Cu 7: Chn cu pht biu sai :

Trong mt nguyn t lun lun c s prtn = s electron = s in tch ht nhn

Tng s prton v s electron trong mt ht nhn gi l s khi

S khi A l khi lng tuyt i ca nguyn t

S prton =in tch ht nhn

ng v l cc nguyn t c cng s prton nhng khc nhau v s ntron

Cu 8: Cho ba nguyn t c k hiu l

. Pht biu no sau y l sai ?

A.S ht electron ca cc nguyn t ln lt l: 12, 13, 14

A. 13p, 13e, 14n.

B. 13p, 14e, 14n.

C. 13p, 14e, 13n.

D. 14p, 14e, 13n.

Cu 11: Nguyn t canxi c k hiu l

. Pht biu no sau y sai ?

A. Nguyn t Ca c 2electron lp ngoi cng.

B. S hiu nguyn t ca Ca l 20.

C. Canxi th 20 trong bng tun hon.

D. Tng ht c bn ca canxi l 40.

Cu 12: Cp pht biu no sau y l ng:

Cu 13: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht l 40 .Tng s ht mang in nhiu hn tng

Cu 14: Trong nguyn t mt nguyn t A c tng s cc loi ht l 58. Bit s ht p t hn s ht

Cu 15: Tng cc ht c bn trong mt nguyn t l 155 ht. Trong s ht mang in nhiu hn

Cu 16: Tng cc ht c bn trong mt nguyn t l 82 ht. Trong s ht mang in nhiu hn

Cu 17: Ngt ca nguyn t Y c cu to bi 36 ht .Trong ht nhn, ht mang in bng s ht

Cu 18: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht c bn l 49, trong s ht khng mang in

Cu 19: Nguyn t nguyn t X c cu to bi 36 ht, trong s ht mang

Cu 20: Nguyn t ca mt nguyn t c 122 ht p,n,e. S ht mang in trong nhn t hn s ht

Cu 21: Nguyn t X c tng s ht p,n,e l 52 v s khi l 35. S hiu nguyn t ca X l

Cu 22: Nguyn t X c tng s ht p, n, e l 28 ht. K hiu nguyn t ca X l

Cu 23: Tng s ht proton, ntron, electron trong nguyn t ca mt nguyn

Cu 27: nh ngha v ng v no sau y ng:

O s kiu phn t O2 c th to thnh l:

Cu 31: Nit trong thin nhin l hn hp gm hai ng v l

Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca nit l

Cu 32: Mot nguyen t co Z la 14 th nguyen t o co ac iem

. Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca Cu l

Br79 chim 54,5%. Khi lng nguyn t ca ng v

Cu 36: Mt nguyn t X c s hiu nguyn t Z =19. S lp electron trong nguyn t X l