Teeth Chiseling in Indonesia

a tribe of people in Indonesia believes women are more beautiful if they have their
teeth chiseled into sharp, narrow points. In the following clip, the wife of a Mantawaian
village chief prepares to undergo the painful surgery, which is also said to maintain the
balance between body and soul. Though she avoided the ritual as a teen, Pilongi says
she now feels compelled to have her teeth filed, given her husbands official status in the
village. I dont know what to expect, she says. But when they do it, I will just let them
sharpen my teeth. Im not worried about the pain. If I think about that, I wont get more
beauty.
Following the procedure performed with crude instruments and without anesthetic
Pilongi bites on green bananas to dull the pain, before showing off her new smile. Now
that my teeth are sharp, I look more beautiful for my husband, so he wont leave me,
she says proudly.

Fetus Eating in China

Some Chinese people are known to be eating babies, and
the news, which has been circulating through the internet
and via email, is shocking the world.
An email report received by The Seoul Times confirmed
that news with several vivid and appalling pictures of
human embryos and fetuses being made into a soup for
human consumption.
The report went on. A town in the southern province of
Canton (Guangdong) is now in focus. Chinese folks there
are enjoying baby herbal soup to increase overall health

and stamina and the power of sexual performance in

particular.

Female Circumcision
Female Genital Mutilation comprises all procedures
that involve partial or total removal of the external female
genitalia, or other injury to the female genital organs for
non-medical reasons (WHO). It is also sometimes referred
to as female genital cutting or female circumcision. There

are no health benefits to FGM and it is recognised

internationally as a human rights violation.

Female Infanticide in India

is the deliberate killing of girl babies. It is also described as genderselective killing or "gendercide". (Similar words like 'gynocide' and
'femicide' are used to describe the killing of females of any age.)

a history spanning centuries. Poverty, the dowry system, births to

unmarried women, deformed infants, famine, lack of support services and
maternal illnesses such as postpartum depression are among the causes
that have been proposed to explain the phenomenon of female
infanticide in India.

Infanticide is nowadays a criminal offence in India but it is an underreported crime; reliable objective data is unavailable. There were around
100 male and female infanticides reported in the country in 2010, giving an
official rate of less than one per million people.

Female Infanticide in China

The People's Republic of China and its predecessors have a history of female infanticide spanning 2000
years.[2]Worldwide, the practice of infanticide has been practiced since antiquity for the purpose of population
control.[2] It is an unsanctioned method of family planning that has been condoned for centuries in the area until
recent times. The phenomenon is also referred to as female gendercide; however, the word gendercide can be
used for both sexes.
The practice of female infanticide was far from wholly condoned in China. Buddhists wrote that the killing of
young girls would bring bad karma, conversely those who saved a young girl's life either through intervening or
through presents of money or food would earn good karma, leading to a prosperous life, a long life and success
for their sons. However the Buddhist belief in reincarnation meant that the death of an infant was not final as
the child would be reborn, this belief eased the guilt felt over female infanticide. [3] The Confucian attitude
towards female infanticide was conflicted. By placing value on age over youth, Confucian filial piety lessened

the value of children, whilst the Confucian belief of Renled Confucian intellectuals to support the idea that
female infanticide was wrong and that the practice would upset the balance between yin and yang.[4]
When Christian missionaries arrived in China in the late sixteenth century, they witnessed newborns being
thrown into rivers or onto rubbish piles.[5][6] In the seventeenth century Matteo Ricci documented that the
practice occurred in several of China's provinces and said that the primary reason for the practice was poverty.
[6]

The practice continued into the 19th century and declined precipitously during the Communist era, [7] but has

reemerged as an issue since the introduction of the one-child policy in the early 1980s.[8] The census of 1990
showed an overall sex ratio of 1.066, a normal sex ratio for all ages should be less than 1.02

Forest Ecosystems
Forest ecosystems are classified according to
their climate type as tropical, temperate or boreal.
In the tropics, rainforest ecosystems contain more
diverse flora and fauna than ecosystems in any
other region on earth. In these warm, moistureladen environments, trees grow tall and foliage is
lush and dense, with species inhabiting the forest

floor all the way up to the canopy. In temperate

zones, forest ecosystems may be deciduous,
coniferous or oftentimes a mixture of both, in which
some trees shed their leaves each fall, while others
remain evergreen year-round. In the far north, just
south of the Arctic, boreal forests -- also known as
taiga -- feature abundant coniferous trees.

The Desert Ecosystem

Desert ecosystems are located in regions that receive an annual
rainfall less than 25. They occupy about 17 percent of all the land

on our planet. Due to the extremely high temperature, low water

availability and intense sunlight, fauna and flora are scarce and
poorly developed. The vegetation is mainly shrubs, bushes, few
grasses and rare trees. The stems and leaves of the plants are
modified in order to conserve water as much as possible. The
best known desert ones are the succulents such as the spiny
leaved cacti. The animal organisms include insects, birds, camels,
reptiles all of which are adapted to the desert (xeric) conditions.

The Grassland Ecosystem

Grasslands are located in both the tropical and temperate regions of the
world though the ecosystems vary slightly. The area mainly comprises
grasses with a little number of trees and shrubs. The main vegetation

includes grasses, plants and legumes that belong to the composite family.
A lot of grazing animals, insectivores and herbivores inhabit the grasslands.
The two main kinds of grasslands ecosystems are:

1. Savanna: The tropical grasslands are dry seasonally and have few
individual trees. They support a large number of predators and
grazers.
2. Prairies: It is temperate grassland, completely devoid of large shrubs
and trees. Prairies could be categorized as mixed grass, tall grass
and short grass prairies.

The Mountain Ecosystem

Mountain land provides a scattered and

diverse array of habitats where a large number of

animals and plants can be found. At the higher

altitudes, the harsh environmental conditions
normally prevail, and only the treeless alpine
vegetation can survive. The animals that live there
have thick fur coats for prevention from cold and
hibernation in the winter months. Lower slopes are
commonly covered with coniferous forests.

Freshwater Ecosystems

Freshwater ecosystems can be found in streams,

rivers, springs, ponds, lakes, bogs and freshwater
swamps. They are subdivided into two classes:
those in which the water is nearly stationary, such
as ponds, and those in which the water flows, such
as creeks. Freshwater ecosystems are home to
more than just fish: algae, plankton, insects,
amphibians and underwater plants also inhabit
them.
Three basic kinds of freshwater ecosystems exist:
Lentic: Slow-moving or till water like pools, lakes or ponds.
Lotic: Fast-moving water such as streams and rivers.
Wetlands: Places in which the soil is inundated or saturated
for some lenghty period of time.

The Marine Ecosystem

Marine ecosystems are the biggest ecosystems, which cover around 71%
of Earth's surface and contain 97% of out planet's water. Water in Marine
ecosystems features in high amounts minerals and salts dissolved in them.
The different divisions of the marine ecosystem are:

Oceanic: A relatively shallow part of oceans which lies on the continental shelf.

Profundal: deep or Bottom water.

Benthic Bottom substrates.

Inter-tidal: The place between low and high tides.

Estuaries

Coral reefs

Salt marshes

Hydrothermal vents where chemosynthetic bacteria make up the food base.

Aquatic Ecosystems
The aquatic ecosystem is the ecosystem found in a
body of water. It encompasses aquatic flora, fauna
and water properties, as well. There are two main
types of aquatic ecosystem - Marine and Freshwater.

Terrestrial ecosystems

Terrestrial ecosystems can be found anywhere

apart from heavily saturated places. They are
broadly classed into:

Tundra Ecosystems

As with deserts, a harsh environment characterizes ecosystems in

the tundra. In the snow-covered, windswept, treeless tundra, the
soil is frozen year-round, a condition known as permafrost. During
the brief spring and summer, snows melt, producing shallow
ponds which attract migrating waterfowl. (See Reference 6 again,
or Reference 9) Lichens and small flowers may become visible
during this time of year. The term tundra most commonly

denotes polar areas, but at lower latitudes, tundra-like

communities known as alpine tundra may be found at high
elevations.