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  • List of SQL Commands - Codecademy

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    Harish Bisht
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    The document is a list of commonly used SQL commands along with a brief description of each one. It begins with background information on SQL and relational databases. Then it lists 24 different SQL commands (ALTER TABLE, AND, AS, etc.), each followed by a simple example of its usage and a short explanation of its purpose. The commands are listed alphabetically to serve as an easy reference for SQL functions.

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    Database commands

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    List of SQL Commands _ Codecademy

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    The document is a list of commonly used SQL commands along with a brief description of each one. It begins with background information on SQL and relational databases. Then it lists 24 different SQL commands (ALTER TABLE, AND, AS, etc.), each followed by a simple example of its usage and a short explanation of its purpose. The commands are listed alphabetically to serve as an easy reference for SQL functions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    11 views5 pages

    List of SQL Commands - Codecademy

    Uploaded by

    Harish Bisht
    The document is a list of commonly used SQL commands along with a brief description of each one. It begins with background information on SQL and relational databases. Then it lists 24 different SQL commands (ALTER TABLE, AND, AS, etc.), each followed by a simple example of its usage and a short explanation of its purpose. The commands are listed alphabetically to serve as an easy reference for SQL functions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 5

    25/07/2016

    ListofSQLcommands|Codecademy

    ListofSQLcommands|Codecademy

    Background
    SQL,'StructuredQueryLanguage',isaprogramminglanguagedesignedtomanagedatastoredin
    relationaldatabases.SQLoperatesthroughsimple,declarativestatements.Thiskeepsdataaccurateand
    secure,andhelpsmaintaintheintegrityofdatabases,regardlessofsize.
    Here'sanappendixofcommonlyusedcommands.

    Commands
    ALTERTABLE
    ALTERTABLEtable_nameADDcolumndatatype;
    ALTERTABLEletsyouaddcolumnstoatableinadatabase.

    AND
    SELECTcolumn_name(s)
    FROMtable_name
    WHEREcolumn_1=value_1
    ANDcolumn_2=value_2;
    ANDisanoperatorthatcombinestwoconditions.Bothconditionsmustbetruefortherowtobeincludedin
    theresultset.

    AS
    SELECTcolumn_nameAS'Alias'
    FROMtable_name;
    ASisakeywordinSQLthatallowsyoutorenameacolumnortableusinganalias.

    AVG
    SELECTAVG(column_name)
    FROMtable_name;
    AVG()isanaggregatefunctionthatreturnstheaveragevalueforanumericcolumn.

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    BETWEEN
    SELECTcolumn_name(s)
    FROMtable_name
    WHEREcolumn_nameBETWEENvalue_1ANDvalue_2;
    TheBETWEENoperatorisusedtofiltertheresultsetwithinacertainrange.Thevaluescanbenumbers,text
    ordates.

    COUNT
    SELECTCOUNT(column_name)
    FROMtable_name;
    COUNT()isafunctionthattakesthenameofacolumnasanargumentandcountsthenumberofrows
    wherethecolumnisnotNULL.

    CREATETABLE
    CREATETABLEtable_name(column_1datatype,column_2datatype,column_3datatype);
    CREATETABLEcreatesanewtableinthedatabase.Itallowsyoutospecifythenameofthetableandthe
    nameofeachcolumninthetable.

    DELETE
    DELETEFROMtable_nameWHEREsome_column=some_value;
    DELETEstatementsareusedtoremoverowsfromatable.

    GROUPBY
    SELECTCOUNT(*)
    FROMtable_name
    GROUPBYcolumn_name;
    GROUPBYisaclauseinSQLthatisonlyusedwithaggregatefunctions.Itisusedincollaborationwiththe
    SELECTstatementtoarrangeidenticaldataintogroups.

    INNERJOIN
    SELECTcolumn_name(s)FROMtable_1
    JOINtable_2
    ONtable_1.column_name=table_2.column_name;
    Aninnerjoinwillcombinerowsfromdifferenttablesifthejoinconditionistrue.
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    INSERT
    INSERTINTOtable_name(column_1,column_2,column_3)VALUES(value_1,'value_2',
    value_3);
    INSERTstatementsareusedtoaddanewrowtoatable.

    LIKE
    SELECTcolumn_name(s)
    FROMtable_name
    WHEREcolumn_nameLIKEpattern;
    LIKEisaspecialoperatorusedwiththeWHEREclausetosearchforaspecificpatterninacolumn.

    LIMIT
    SELECTcolumn_name(s)
    FROMtable_name
    LIMITnumber;
    LIMITisaclausethatletsyouspecifythemaximumnumberofrowstheresultsetwillhave.

    MAX
    SELECTMAX(column_name)
    FROMtable_name;
    MAX()isafunctionthattakesthenameofacolumnasanargumentandreturnsthelargestvalueinthat
    column.

    MIN
    SELECTMIN(column_name)
    FROMtable_name;
    MIN()isafunctionthattakesthenameofacolumnasanargumentandreturnsthesmallestvalueinthat
    column.

    OR
    SELECTcolumn_name
    FROMtable_name
    WHEREcolumn_name=value_1
    ORcolumn_name=value_2;

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    ORisanoperatorthatfilterstheresultsettoonlyincluderowswhereeitherconditionistrue.

    ORDERBY
    SELECTcolumn_name
    FROMtable_name
    ORDERBYcolumn_nameASC|DESC;
    ORDERBYisaclausethatindicatesyouwanttosorttheresultsetbyaparticularcolumneither
    alphabeticallyornumerically.

    OUTERJOIN
    SELECTcolumn_name(s)FROMtable_1
    LEFTJOINtable_2
    ONtable_1.column_name=table_2.column_name;
    Anouterjoinwillcombinerowsfromdifferenttablesevenifthethejoinconditionisnotmet.Everyrowinthe
    lefttableisreturnedintheresultset,andifthejoinconditionisnotmet,thenNULLvaluesareusedtofillin
    thecolumnsfromtherighttable.

    ROUND
    SELECTROUND(column_name,integer)
    FROMtable_name;
    ROUND()isafunctionthattakesacolumnnameandanintegerasanargument.Itroundsthevaluesinthe
    columntothenumberofdecimalplacesspecifiedbytheinteger.

    SELECT
    SELECTcolumn_nameFROMtable_name;
    SELECTstatementsareusedtofetchdatafromadatabase.EveryquerywillbeginwithSELECT.

    SELECTDISTINCT
    SELECTDISTINCTcolumn_nameFROMtable_name;
    SELECTDISTINCTspecifiesthatthestatementisgoingtobeaquerythatreturnsuniquevaluesinthe
    specifiedcolumn(s).

    SUM
    SELECTSUM(column_name)
    FROMtable_name;

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    SUM()isafunctionthattakesthenameofacolumnasanargumentandreturnsthesumofallthevaluesin
    thatcolumn.

    UPDATE
    UPDATEtable_name
    SETsome_column=some_value
    WHEREsome_column=some_value;
    UPDATEstatmentsallowyoutoeditrowsinatable.

    WHERE
    SELECTcolumn_name(s)
    FROMtable_name
    WHEREcolumn_nameoperatorvalue;
    WHEREisaclausethatindicatesyouwanttofiltertheresultsettoincludeonlyrowswherethefollowing
    conditionistrue.

    Teachingtheworldhowtocode.
    Company

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