LOGICAL REASONING

CODING DECODING
A code is a system of signals. Therefore, coding is a method of transmitting messages between the sender and receiver without a
third person understanding it.
The Coding and Decoding test is set up to judge the candidates ability to decipher the law that codes a particular message and break
the code to reveal the message
LETTER CODING
A particular letter stands for another letter in letter coding.
E.g.: If COURSE is coded as FRXUVH, how is RACE coded in that code?
(1) HFDU (2) UCFH (3) UDFH (4) UDHF (5) UDFG
In the given code, each letter is moved three steps forward than the corresponding letter in the word. So R is coded as U, A as D, C
as F, E as H. Hence (3) is the answer.
NUMBER CODING
In these questions, either numerical code values are assigned to a word or alphabetical code values are assigned to numbers. The
candidate is required to analyze the code as per directions.
Case I: When numerical values are assigned to words. E.g.: If in a certain code ROPE is coded as 6821, CHAIR is coded as 73456
what will be the code for CRAPE?
(1) 73456 (2) 76421 (3) 77246 (4) 77123 (5) None of these
Clearly, in the given code, the alphabets are coded as follows.
ROPECHAI
68217345
So CRAPE is coded as 76421
So the answer is (2)
Case II: When alphabetical code values are assigned to the numbers.
E.g.: In a certain code 3456 is coded as ROPE. 15546 is coded as APPLE. Then how is 54613 coded?
345614
ROPEAL
So 54613 is coded as POEAR. The answer is (3)
MIXED CODING
In this type of question, three or four complete messages are given in the coded language and the code for a particular word is asked.
To analyze such codes, any two messages bearing the common word are picked up. The common code word will mean that word.
Proceeding similarly by picking up all possible combinations of two messages the entire message can be analyzed.
Eg: If tee see pee means drink fruit juice, see kee lee means juice is sweet, and lee ree mee means he is intelligent, which word in
that language means sweet?
(1) see (2) kee (3) lee (4) pee (5) tee
In the first and the second statements the common word is juice and the common code word is see. So see means juice. In the
second and the third statements, the common word is is and the common code is lee. So lee means is. Thus in the second
statement, the remaining word sweet is coded as kee. Hence the answer is (2).
MIXED NUMBER CODING
In this type of questions, three or four complete messages are given in the coded language and the code number for a particular
word is asked.
Eg: If in a certain code language, 851 means good sweet fruit; 783 means good red rose and 341 means rose and fruit which of the
following digits stands for sweet in that language?
(1) 8 (2) 5 (3) 1 (4) 3 (5) None of these
In the first and the second statements, the common code digit is 8 and the common word is good. So 8 stands for good. In the first
and the third statements, the common code digit is 1 and the common word is fruit. So 1 stands for fruit. Therefore in the first
statement, 5 stands for sweet. Hence the answer is (2).
DECODING
In these questions, artificial or code values are assigned to a word or a group of words and the candidate is required to find out the
original words.
Eg: If in a certain language FLOWER is written as EKNVDQ, what will be written as GNTRD?
(1) HEOUS (2) HOUES (3) HUOSE (4) HOUSE (5) None of these
Each letter of the word is one step ahead of the corresponding letter of the code.
E K N V D Q
G N T R D
F L O W E R
H O U S E
Thus HOUSE is written as GNTRD, So the answer is (4)

NEW TYPE OF CODING

This is a kind of coding recently included in the Reasoning section. In this type of questions either alphabetical code values are
assigned to symbols or symbols are assigned to alphabets. The candidate is required to analyse the code as per direction.
Eg: 1. In a certain code TOME is written as @ $ * ? and ARE is written as ? How can REMOTE be written in that code?
(1) ? $ @ ? (2) @ ? * $ @ ? (3) ? * $ @ ? (4) Cannot be determined (5) none of these
Sol: From the data we have
T=@
O=$
M=*
E =? and
A= .
R=

Practice Exercise Coding Decoding

1. In a secret way of writing, INDIA is written as JOEJB, how would you write SPACE in that
1. BUTQE
2. TQBDF
3. UTQED
4. SUTQD

language?

2. If in a certain language CHAMPION is coded as HCMAIPNO, how can NEGATIVE be coded in that code?
(1) ENAGITEV (2) NEAGVEIT (3) MGAETVIE
(4) EGAITEVN
(5) NEGATIEV
3. If in a certain code, TWENTY is written as 863985 and ELEVEN is written as 323039, how can TWELVE be written in
that code?
(1) 863203
(2) 863584
(3) 863903
(4) 863063
(5) None of these
4. In a certain code BODE is written as @ $ * ? and EAT is written as ? How can DEBATE be written in that
code?
(1) ? * @ *
(2) * ? @ ?
(3) * ? @ * ?
(4) Cannot be determined (5) None of these
5. In a given code SISTER is coded as 535301, UNCLE as 84670 and BOY as 129. How is RUSTIC written in the code ?
1. 633185
2. 185336
3. 363815
4. 581363
6. In a certain code, PAPER is written as SCTGW. How is MOTHER written in that code?
1. POXJJT
2. ORVLGW 3. PQXKJV
4. PQVJGT
7. In a certain code PALM is written as @ ? $ and ARM is written as @ * $ . How can ALARM be written in that
code?
(1) @ @ ? $ (2) @ $ ? @ (3) ? @ @ $ (4) @ ? @ $ (5) None of these
8. If in a certain language, CALCUTTA is coded as GEPGYXXE, which word would be coded as FSQFCE?
1. BOMBYA 2. BOMYAB 3. BOMBAY 4. BOBAMY
9. If Orange is called Lemon, Lemon is called Flower, Flower is called Fish, Fish is called Tail and Tail is called Pen, what is
Rose ?
1. Pen
2. Lemon
3. Flower
4. Fish
10. If the letters in PRABA are coded as 27595, and THILAK are coded as 368451, how can BHARATHI be coded ?
1. 37536689
2. 57686535
3. 96575368
4. 96855368
11. In a certain code nee tim see means how are you ; ble nee see means where are you. What will be the code for where?
(1) nee
(2) tim
(3) see
(4) Cannot be determined
(5) None of these
12. If nitco sco tingo stands for softer than flower ; tingo rho mst stands for sweet flower fragrance and mst sco tmp stands for
sweet than smile what would fragrance stand for?
(1) rho
(2) mst
(3) tmp
(4) sco
(5) None of these
13. In a certain code 253 means books are old ; 546 means man is old and 378 means buy good books. What stands for are in
that code?
(1) 2
(2) 4
(3) 5
(4) 6
(5) 9
14. In a code language, A is written as B, B is written as C, C is written as D and so on, then how will SMART be written in
that code language ?
1) TLBSU
2)SHBSU
3)TNBSU
4)SNBRU

15. In a certain code FLOWER is coded as 36 and SUNFLOWER is coded as 81, then how to code FOLLOWS?
1) 42
2)49
3)63
4) 36
16. In a certain code language : dugo hui mul zo stans for work is very hard hui dugo ba ki for Bingo is very smart; nano
mul dugo for cake is hard; and mul ki gu for smart and hard Which of the following word stand for Bingo ?
1) Jalu
2) Dugo
3) Ki
4) Ba
17. If PROCESSOR is coded as D4F3C5C1E1S1S1E3C6, QUADRANT will be coded as:
1) Q1C7A1B2F6A1B7E4
2) Q1D6A1B2F3A1B7E4
3) Q1C7A1B2F3A1B7E4
4) Q1C7A1D2C6A1B7E5
18. In a certain code language, if the value of 14 x 15 = 25 and 26 x 42 = 64, then what is the value of 73 x 31 = ? mywbut.com
1) 100
2) 110
3) 90
4) 120

19. If rain is called water, water is called air, air is called cloud, cloud is called sky, sky is called sea, sea is called
road, where do the aeroplanes fly ?
1) Water
2) Road
3) Sea
4) Cloud
20. In a certain code language, if the value of CONTRACT = 56 and GROWTH = 30, then what is the value of
DISTRIBUTION?
1) 130
2)132
3)140
4)142

Number Analogy
1. 6 : 18 : : 4 : ?
A. 2 B. 6 C. 8

D. 16

12. 7 : 56 : : 9 : ?
A. 63 B. 81 C. 90 D. 99

2. 21 : 3 : : 574 : ?
A. 23 B. 82 C. 97 D. 113

13. 9 : 8 : : 16 : ?
A. 27 B. 18 C. 17 D. 14

3. 1 : 1 : : 25 : ?
A. 26 B. 125 C. 240 D. 625

14. 8 : 81 : : 64 : ?
A. 125 B. 137 C. 525 D. 625

4. 121 : 12 : : 25 : ?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 6

15. 17 : 52 : : 1 : ?
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5
16. 20 : 11 : : 102 : ?
A. 49 B. 52 C. 61
17. 9 : 80 : : 100 : ?
A. 901
C. 9889

D. 7

5. 42 : 20 : : 64 : ?
A. 31 B. 32 C. 33 D. 34
6. 7528 : 5306 : : 4673 : ?
A. 2367
B. 2451
C. 2531
D. None of these
7. 25 : 37 : : 49 : ?
A. 41 B. 56 C. 60 D. 65
8. 25 : 125 : : 36 : ?
A. 180 B. 206 C. 216 D. 318
9. 14 : 9 : : 26 : ?
A. 12 B. 13 C. 15 D. 31
10. 8 : 28 : : 27 : ?
A. 8 B. 28 C. 64 D. 65
11. 583 : 293 : : 488 : ?
A. 291 B. 378 C. 487 D. 581

D. 51
D. 98
B. 1009
D. 9999

18. 12 : 144
A. 22 : 464
C. 15 : 135

B. 20 : 400
D. 10 : 140

19. 27 : 9
A. 64 : 8
C. 135 : 15

B. 125 : 5
D. 729 : 81

20. 5 : 35
A. 7 : 77
C. 11 : 55

B. 9 : 45
D. 3 : 24

21. 8 : 256
A. 7 : 343
C. 10 : 500

B. 9 : 243
D. 5 : 75

22. 11 : 1210
A. 6 : 216
C. 8 : 448
23. 7 : 24
A. 30 : 100
C. 19 : 58

B. 7 : 1029
D. 9 : 729

35. (49, 25, 9)

A. (36, 16, 4)
C. (39, 26, 13)

B. (36, 25, 16)

D. (64, 27, 8)

B. 23 : 72
D. 11 : 43

36. (256, 64, 16)

A. (160, 40, 10)
C. (80, 20, 5)

B. (144, 36, 9)
D. (64, 32, 8)

37. (18, 8, 2)
A. (3, 7, 1)
C. (17, 9, 3)

B. (11, 12, 10)

D. (24, 22, 4)

38. (246, 257, 358)

A. (145, 235, 325)
C. (273, 365, 367)

B. (143, 253, 246)

D. (233, 343, 345)

39. (63, 49, 35)

A. (72, 40,24)
C. (64, 40, 28)

B. (72, 48, 24)

D. (81, 63, 45)

24. 363, 489, 579

A. 562 B. 471 C. 382 D. 281
25. 282, 354, 444
A. 453 B. 417 C. 336 D. 255
26. 992, 733, 845, 632
A. 114 B. 326 C. 425 D. 947
27. 134, 246, 358
A. 372 B. 460 C. 572 D. 684
28. 4718, 5617, 6312, 8314
A. 2715
B. 3410
C. 5412
D. 6210

40. 3 : 11 : : 7 : ?
A. 22 B. 29 C. 18 D. 51

29. (6, 13, 22)

A. (6, 13, 27)
C. (11, 18, 27)

41. 324 : 162

A. 64 : 36
C. 22 : 10

30. (9, 15, 21)

A. (10, 14, 16)
C. (5, 10, 25)

B. (10, 16, 28)

D. (13, 19, 32)

B. (7, 21, 28)

D. (4, 8, 12)

31. (12, 20, 4)

A. (5, 10, 5)
C. (17, 27, 5)

B. (13, 18, 5)
D. (20, 15, 25)

32. (21, 51, 15)

A. (21, 30, 51)
C. (21, 51, 42)

B. (21, 35, 41)

D. (21, 91, 35)

33. (8, 3, 2)
A. (10, 6, 5)
C. (95, 24, 5)

B. (63, 8, 3)
D. (168, 15, 4)

34. (14, 23, 32)

A. (15, 23, 31)
C. (13, 21, 29)

B. (14, 19, 24)

D. (12, 21, 30)

B. 2 : 1
D. 134 : 112

42. (3,17,31)
A. 5 B. 15 C. 45 D. 49
43.
2 + 3 = 10
8 + 4 = 96
7 + 2 = 63
6 + 5 = 66
9+5=?
A. 99 B. 89 C. 116 D. 126
44. 9: 100: 11: ?
A. 115
B. 121 C. 134 D. 144
45.
If 3+2+5 = 153030
9+2+4 = 364872
8+4+3 = 243996
5+4+5 = 2550100
then 7+2+5 = ?
A. 147070
B. 307049
C. 355070
D. 147049

Visual Reasoning

6.

Series completion:
Direction for question number 1 to 20: Each of the
following questions consists of five figures marked 1, 2, 3,
4 and 5 called the Problem Figures followed by five other
figures marked a, b, c, d and e called the solution figures.
Select a figure from amongst the answer figures which will
continue the same series as established by the five Problem
figures.

(a) a

(b) b

(c) c

(d) d

(e) e

(a) a

(b) b

(c) c

(d) d

(e) e

(a) a

(b) b

(c) c

(d) d

(e) e

(a) a

(b) b

(c) c

(d) d

(e) e

(b) b

(c) c

(d) d

(e) e

(b) b

(c) c

(d) d

(e) e

7.

1.

8.
(a) a

(b) b

(c) c

(d) d

(e) e

2.

9.
(a) a

(b) b

(c) c

(d) d

(e) e

3.

10.
(a) a

(b) b

(c) c

(d) d

(e) e

4.
(a) a
11.
(a) a

(b) b

(c) c

(d) d

(e) e

5.
(a) a

(a) a

(b) b

(c) c

(d) d

(e) e

12.

(a) a

19.

(b) b

(c) c

(d) d

(e) e

Paper Folding:
Direction for question number 21- 25 : In each of the
following problems, a square transparent sheet (S) with a
pattern is given. Figure out from amongst the four
alternatives (a, b, c, d) as to how the patter would appear
when the transparent sheet is folded at the dotted line.
13.

14.

15.

20.

Mirror Image:
Direction for question number 29- 33: In each of the
following questions, choose the correct mirror images of
the given image of the Fig.(S) from amongst the four
alternatives (a), (b), (c) and (d) given along with it:
21.

22.

16.
23.

17.

24.
Image analysis:
Direction for question number 26- 28: In the given
questions find out which of the figures (a), (b), (c) and (d)
can be formed from the pieces given in figure (S).
25.
18.

Statements and Conclusions

Directions: In each of the following questions, a statement or two are followed by two conclusions. Give answer (a) if
conclusion I follows; (b)if conclusion II follows; (c)if conclusion I and II follows; (d)if either I or II follows; and (e)if
neither I nor II follows.
1.Statement: All windows are doors. No door is wall.
Conclusions: I. No window is wall. II. No Wall is door .
2. Statement: Some blades are hammers. Some hammers are knives. Some knives are axes.
Conclusions: I. Some axes are hammers. II. Some knives are blades.
3. Statement: National Aluminium Company has moved Georgia from a position of shortage to self-sufficiency in the
metal.
Conclusions: I. National Aluminium Company has moved Georgia from a position of shortage to self-sufficiency in the
metal.
II. With this speed, it can soon become a foreign exchange earner.
4. Statement: As per the National Forestry Report, 1998 , India must retain a true cover of 33 per cent as against the
19 per cent at present . A budgetary allocation of Rs 850 crore is just a drop in the ocean.
Conclusions: I. The forest coverage in a country should be in proportion to its population
II. Inadequate budgetary allocation comes in the way of enhancing the forest coverage.
5. Statement: Gold demand has fallen in the first half due to rising prices and the trend is likely to continue in the
second half.
Conclusions: I. Customers are very price-sensitive.
II. There will be no improvement in demand in the second half.
6. Statement: Looking for a job is difficult enough, the task becomes impossible if you do not have the skill of being
pleasant, polite and polished.
Conclusions: I. A person who has social etiquette is eligible for any job
II. Many candidates no matter how excellently qualified are likely to fail to get the jobs they are going to try for
because of their manners.
7. Statement: If the gifts are passed on, the whole purpose of the gift is defeated. Therefore, the gift should be one
that is useful and at the same time it attracts you, appeals to you and you retain it.
Conclusions: I. If gifts are retained , their utility increases.
II. Gifts are not meant for repeated change of hands.
8. Statement: Indias economy depends primarily on forests.
Conclusions: I. trees are to be preserved to foster Indias economic development.
II. India only has to preserve forests for growth in economy.
9. Statement: P Q = R > S > T
Conclusions: I. P T
II. T < Q
10. Statement: A B = C, D > C = E
Conclusions: I. E A
II. A < D
11. Statement: H > J = K, K L ,L > T, T < V
Conclusions: I. K > T
II. L H

12. Statement: A > B, B C = D < E

Conclusions: I. C < A
II. D B
13. Statement: Industrial Revolution, which first of all started in Europe, has brought about modern age.
Conclusions: I. Disparity between rich and poor results in revolution.
II. Revolution overhauls society.
14. Statement: Although the education system has progressed from the point of view of the number of schools, most
of them are ill-equipped and have not achieved excellence in imparting education.
Conclusions: I. In future, we should provide good teachers and equipment to these schools.
II. We need not open any more schools in the future.
15. Statement: A large majority of the work force in India is unorganized. Most of them earn either the minimum or
uncertain wages while others are engaged in sundry jobs.
Conclusions: I. The workers in the organized sector get better facilities and stay longer in their jobs.
II. Some workers in the unorganized sector of the work force have a regular and fixed income.
16. Statement: People who speak too much against the dowry are those who had taken it themselves.
Conclusions: I. It is easier said than done.
II. People have double standards.
17. Statement: Death keeps no calendar.
Conclusions: I. Man must die one day.
II. Death can come at any time.
18. Statement: The best way to escape from a problem is to solve it.
Conclusions: I. Your life will be dull if you dont face a problem.
II. To escape from problems, you should have some solutions with you.
19. Statement: Vegetable prices are soaring in the market.
Conclusions: I. Vegetables are becoming a rare commodity.
II. People cannot eat vegetables.
20. Statement: All the organised persons find time for rest. Sunitha, inspite of her very busy schedule, finds time for
rest.
Conclusions: I. Sunita is an organised person.
II. Sunita is an industrious person.
21. Statement: Patients with minor ailments usually do not go to eminent doctors.
Conclusions: I. Eminent doctors remain too busy with patients suffering from serious complications.
II. Their charges are rather high.
22. Statement: The increase in adult literacy will lead to the countrys development and progress.
Conclusions: I. Educated persons offer less resistance to new innovations.
II. This countrys population is totally illiterate.
23. Statement: The doctors nurse only those bleeding wounds which are caused by bullets.
A patient X is was bleeding profusely.
Conclusion: I. X was nursed by the doctors.
II. The doctors did not nurse X.

Statement and Argument

Directions: Each question given below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of
the arguments is a strong argument and which is a weak argument.
Give answer (A) if only argument I is strong; (B) if only argument II is strong; (C) If either I or II is strong; (D) if neither
I nor II is strong; and (E) if both I and II are strong.
1. Statement: Should a total ban be put on trapping wild animals?
Arguments: I. Yes. Trappers are making a lot of money.
II. No. Bans on hunting and trapping are not effective.
2. Statement: Should military service be made compulsory in our country?
Arguments: I. No. It is against the policy of non-violence.
II. Yes. Every citizen should protect his country.
3. Should all the remote parts of a country be connected by road?
Argument: I. No. It will disturb peaceful simple life of the villagers.
II. Yes. It must be done immediately.
4. Statement: Should government jobs in rural areas be given more incentives?
Arguments: I. Yes. Incentives are essential for attracting government servants there.
II. No. Rural areas are already cheaper, healthier and less complex than big towns. So, why
offer extra incentives!
5. Statement: Should religion be taught in our schools?
Arguments: I. No. Ours is a secular state.
II. Yes. Teaching religion helps inculcate moral values among children.
6. Statement: Should non-vegetarian food be totally banned in our country?
Argument: I. Yes. It is expensive and therefore,, beyond the reach of most of the people in our country.
II. No. Nothing should be banned in a democratic country.
7. Statement: Should films be included in the Concurrent List?
Argument: I. Yes. It will give respect to the views of the states.
II. No. It will deteriorate the standard of the films.
8. Statement: Should there be only one university throughout India?
Argument: I. Yes. This is the only way to bring about uniformity in educational standards.
II. No. This is administratively impossible.
9. Statement: Should mercy death be legalized?
Argument: I. Yes. Patients undergoing terrible suffering and having absolutely no chance of recovery should
be liberated from suffering through mercy death.
II. No. Even mercy death is a sort of killing and killing can never be legalized.
10. Statement: Should there be a single government in the world?
Argument: I. Yes. It will help in eliminating tensions among the nations.
II. No. Because then, only the developed countries will dominate in the government.

11. Statement: Should the institution of marriages be abolished?

Argument: I. Yes. It is already showing cracks.
II. No. It is necessary for the survival of society.
12. Statement: Should healthcare services be nationalized?
Argument: I. Yes. It has been done elsewhere also.
II. No. The quality of healthcare service will deteriorate.
13. Statement: Should telecasting feature films be stopped?
Argument: I.Yes. Young children are misguided by feature films.
II. No. This is the only way to educate the masses.
14. Statement: Should agriculture in rural India be mechanised?
Argument: I. Yes. It would lead to higher production.
II. No. It wouldlead to rural unemployment.
15. Statement: Should the illiterate be debarred from voting?
Argument: I. Yes. They are easily misguided.
II. No. It is their constitutional right.
16. Statement: Should luxury hotels be banned in India?
Arguments: I. Yes. They are places from where international crimingals operate.
II. No. Affluent foreign tourists will have no place to stay.
17. Statement: Is Governorship better than Chief Ministership?
Arguments: I. Yes. It is the highest post in a state.
II. No. The Chief Minister commands more power.
18. Statement: Should there be no place for interview in selection procedures?
Arguments: I. Yes. It is very subjective in assessment.
II. No. It is the only instrument to judge the candidates motives and personality.
19. Statement: Should higher education be completely stopped for some time?
Arguments: I. No. It will hamper the contrys progress.
II. Yes. It will reduce educated unemployment.
20. Statement: Should there be students union in college/university?
Arguments: I. No. This will create a political atmosphere in the campus.
II. Yes. It is very necessary. Students are the future political leaders.

Syllogism
In each of the following questions there are three statements.
Which are followed by three or four conclusions. Choose the
conclusions which logically follow from the given statements.
1. Statements: All the locks are keys. All the keys are bats. Some
watches are bats. Conclusions:
1. Some bats are locks.
2. Some watches are keys.
3. All the keys are locks.
A. Only (1) and (2) B. Only (1)
C. Only (2)
D. Only (1) and (3)
2. Statements: Some keys are staplers. Some staplers are stickers.
All the stickers are pens. Conclusions:
1. Some pens are staplers.
2. Some stickers are keys.
3. No sticker is key.
4. Some staplers are keys.
A. Only (1) and (2
B. Only (2) and (4)
C. Only (2) and (3)
D. Only (1) and (4) and either (2) or
(3)
3. Statements: Some rats are cats. Some cats are dogs. No dog is
cow. Conclusions:
1. No cow is cat.
2. No dog is rat.
3. Some cats are rats.
A. Only (1)
B. Only (1) and (2)
C. Only (1) and (3)
D. Only (2) and (3)
E. Only (3)
4. Statements: All the bottles are boxes. All the boxes are bags.
Some bags are trays. Conclusions:
1. Some bottles are trays.
2. Some trays are boxes.
3. All the bottles are bags.
4. Some trays are bags.
A

Oly (3) and (4)

Only (1) and (2)

C.

Only (2) and (3)

D.

Only (1) and (4)

5.Statements: Some cars are jeeps. All the boxes are jeeps. All the
pens are cars.
Conclusions:
1. Some cars are boxes.
2. No pen is jeep.
3. Some boxes are cars.
A. None of three
B. Only (1) and (2)
C. Only (1) and (3)
D. Only (2) and (3)
6. Statements: No door is dog. All the dogs are cats.
Conclusions::
1. No door is cat.
2. No cat is door.
3. Some cats are dogs.
4. All the cats are dogs.
A. Only (2) and (4)
B. Only (1) and (3)
C. Only (3) and (4)
D. Only (3)
E. All the four

7. Statements: Some tables are T.V. Some T.V. are radios.

Conclusions:
1. Some tables are radios.
2. Some radios are tables.
3. All the radios are T.V.
4. All the T.V. are tables.
A. Only (2) and (4)
B. Only (1) and (3)
C. Only (4)
D. Only (1) and (4)
E. None of the four.
8. Statements: All men are vertebrates. Some mammals are
vertebrates. Conclusions:
1. All men are mammals.
2. All mammals are men.
3. Some vertebrates are mammals.
4. All vertebrates are men.
A. Only (4)
B. Only (2)
C. Only (3)
D. Only (1)
E. Only (1) and (3)
9. Statements: All the goats are tigers. All the tigers are lions.
Conclusions:
1. All the goats are lions.
2. All the lions are goats.
3. Some lions are goats.
4. Some tigers are goats.
A.All the four
B.Only (1), (2) and (3)
C.Only (1), (3) and (4)
D.Only (2), (3) and (4)
10. Statements: All the research scholars are psychologists. Some
psychologists are scientists. Conclusions:
1. All the research scholars are scientists.
2. Some research scholars are scientists.
3. Some scientists are psychologists.
4. Some psychologists are research scholars.
A. Only (3) and (4)
B. None of the four
C. All the four
D. Only (3)
E. Only (2) and (4)
10. Statements: All cars are cats. All fans are cats. Conclusions:
1. All cars are fans.
2. Some fans are cars.
A.Only (1) conclusion follows
B.Only (2) conclusion
follows
C.Either (1) or (2) follows
D.Neither (1) nor (2)
follows
E.Both (1) and (2) follow
11. Statements: All cups are BOOKS. All books are shirts.
Conclusions:
1. Some cups are not shirts
2. Some shirts are cups.
A. Only (1) follows
B. Only (2) follows
C. Either (1) or (2) follows
D. Neither (1) nor (2)
follows
E. Both (1) and (2) follow
12. Statements: All the pencils are pens. All the pens are inks.
Conclusions:
1. All the pencils are inks
2. Some inks are pencils.
A. Only (1) conclusion follows
B. Only (2) conclusion
follows
C. Either (1) or (2) follows
D. Neither (1) nor (2)
follows
E. Both (1) and (2) follow
13. Statements: All cars are cats. All fans are cats. Conclusions:
1. All cars are fans.
2. Some fans are cars.
A. Only (1) follows
B. Only (2) follows
C. Either (1) or (2) follows
D. Neither (1) nor (2) follows
E. Both (1) and (2) follow

14. Statements: 1. All pens are pencils 2. No pencils is a eraser.

3. Some sharpners are erasers. Conclusions:
1. Some sharpners are not pens 2. Some sharpners are not
pencils
3. Some pencils are not sharpners 4. No pen is a eraser.
A. 1, 2 and 3ollow
B.2, 3 and 4 follow
C. 2 and 4 follow
D.2 and 3 follow
E.1, 2 and 4 follow

Conclusions:
I.
Some treatments are Indians
II.
Some doctor are Indians
III.
Some doctors are stars
IV.
Some doctors are not Stars
A.I, II and III follow
B.I, II and IV follow
C.II and III follow
D. II and either III or IV follow
E.I, II and either III or IV follow.

15. Statements:
a. Some blue are red.
b. No white is a green.
c. All green are red.
Conclusions:
I.
Some white are red.
II.
Some blue are green.
III.
No white is a red.
IV.
Some red are not white
A. Either I or IV follows
C. Either I or III and IV follow
D. Either I or III, II and IV follow

20. Statements:
a. No chalk is a slate
b. No jug is a slate.
c. Some jugs are boards.
Conclusions:
I.
Some boards are slates.
II.
Some boards are not slates.
III.
No chalk is a jug.
IV.
Some jugs are chalks.
A. Either I or II and III follow
B. Either III or IV and follow
C. Either II or III follows
D. Either I or II and either
III of IV follow
E. None of these above is true

B.II and IV follow

E. Only II follows

16. Statement:
a. Only birds are cocks
b. No peacock is a bird
c. No hen is cock
Conclusions:
I.
Some cocks art not hens.
II.
No cock is a peacock.
III.
No peacock is a hen.
IV.
No bird is a hen.
A.I,II and IV follow
B.I, III and IV follow
C.II,IIIand IV follow
D.III and IV follow 4.
E.I and II follow
17. Statements:
a. Some bunkers are arms
b. No gun is a dagger
c. All arms are daggers
Conclusions:
I.
No arm is a gun.
II.
Some bunkers are not guns
III.
Some daggers are bunkers
IV.
Some daggers are not bunkers
A. Only l and II follow
B.I, II and III follow
C.Either III or IV follows
D.I, II and either lll or IV follow
E.II and III follow
18. Statement:
a. No minister is honest.
b. Some politicians are females.
c. All politicians are ministers.
Conclusions:
I.
Some honest are not females.
II.
No honest person is a politician.
III.
Some females are ministers.
IV.
Some females are not honest.
A.I, II and III follow
B.II and III follow
C.I and II follow
D. II, III and IV follow
E.I and III follow
19. Statement
a. Some doctors are treatments
b. All treatments are Indians
c. Some Indians are stars

21. Statements:
a. All blanks are books
b. All bridges are books
c. All bridges are poles
Conclusions:
I. Some cows are books
II. Some blanks are poles
III. Some blanks are bridges.
IV. Some bridges are not cows
A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Only III follows
D. Either II or III follows
E.I, II and III follow
22. Statements:
a.
Some bullets are guns
b.
Some bombs are missiles
c.
No bullet is a missile.
Conclusions:
I.
Some guns are missiles.
II.
Some guns are not missiles.
III.
Some bombs are bullets.
IV.
Some bombs are not bullets.
A. Only II follows B. Either I or II and either III or IV follow
C. II and IV follow D. Any three of I, II, III and IV are true
E. None of the above is true
23. Statements:
a. Some boys are stupid.
b. Some men are boys
c. All stupid are girls.
Conclusions:
I.
Some stupid are boys.
II.
Some stupid are not boys.
III.
Some girls are boys.
IV.
Some men are stupid.
A.I, II and III follow
C.Either I or II and III follow
D.I and III follow

B.I,III and IV follow

E. None of these

ANALYTICAL REASONING
Five executives of a company, namely Arun, Barun, Charu, Dharam and Ehsan are to be seated around a circular table
for a meeting. Two of them are from Jaipur and the remaining three are from Udaipur. They must be seated under the
following constraints:
(i) Both the persons from Jaipur cannot be seated together.
(ii) The persons adjacent to Ehsan must be either both Arun and Charu or neither of Arun and Charu.
(iii) Ehsan must have a person from Jaipur to his Immediate right.
Any additional information provided in a particular question pertains to that individual question only.
1. If both the persons adjacent to Arun are from Jaipur, then which of the following statements is/are definitely
TRUE?
(i)
Barun and Dharam are adjacent to Ehsan.
(ii)
Charu is to the immediate right of Arun.
(iii)
Arun is two places away to the right of Ehsan.
(a) Only (i)
(b) Only (i) and (ii)
(c) Only (ii) and (iii)
(d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
2. If Arun is from Udaipur and is sitting to the immediate left of Ehsan, who among the following is definitely from
Jaipur?
(a) Barun
(b) Charu
(c) Dharam
(d) None of the above
A six digit natural number a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 is formed by using the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 once such that the number a1 a2 a3
.ak is divisible by k, for 1 < k < 6
3. Which digit will always occupy the a5 place?
1. 1
2. 3
3. 5
4. 6
4. Sum of a1 + a3 =
1. 3
2. 4
3. 6
4. 7
5. Which of the digits cannot be at the even place?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
4. 6

5. 2
5. 2
5. 2

Four Air Conditioners P, Q, R and S are used in the R & D department of Reliance Chemicals Ltd. Only one Air Conditioner
can be used on any day. If Air Conditioner P is used on any day, neither P nor R can be used the next day. If Air Conditioner
Q is used on any day, neither Q nor S can be used on the next day. If Air Conditioner R is used on any day, then P has to
be used the next day. If Air Conditioner S is used on any day, then Q has to be used the next day.
6. If Air Conditioner S is used on the third day and different Air Conditioners are used on first and fourth days, which
Air Conditioner is used on the first day?
(a)P
(b)Q
(c) R
(d) S
(e) None of these
7. In how many ways can a person use all the four Air Conditioners in a four-day period?
(a) 4
(b) 8
(c) 16
(d) None of these
Lavina wants to take four courses this semester. There are only seven courses in which she is interested: three science
courses Biology, Chemistry and Physics and four arts courses Literature, Dance, Music and History. To meet college
requirements she must take two science courses. There are some scheduling problems: Literature overlaps both
Chemistry and Music but she can choose Chemistry and Music as two different courses. Biology is given at the same time
as Dance.
8. If Lavina decides she will take Literature. What will her other three courses be?
(a) Biology, Physics, and Chemistry
(b) Biology, Physics, and History
(c) Biology, Physics and Dance
(d) Physics, Chemistry, and History
9. If Lavina takes four courses this semester, then which of the following statement is not possible?
I.She takes Dance and does not take Chemistry
II.She takes Music and does not take Chemistry
III.She takes Literature and does not take Physics
(a) I only
(b) II only
(c) III only
(d) I and III only
(e) None of these
10. Which of the following must always be true?
I.Lavina must take Physics if she takes Music
II.Lavina must take Chemistry if she takes Dance
III.Lavina must take Dance if she takes Chemistry
(a)I, II, and III
(b) II, and III only

(c) I and II only

(d) II only

11. A professor has swelling in his right foot. It becomes worse when he stands, and improves when he lies down. He
uses chairs with footrests. It can be reasonably said that when sitting for writing notes, he should go in for a
(a) High chair with high foot-rest
(b) Low chair with high foot-rest
(c) Low chair with low foot-rest
(d) High chair with low foot-rest
12. A tortoise decides to meet its sweet-heart living 128 metres away. On the first day it walks 64 metres; on the
second day it walks 32 metres; on the third day it walks 16 metres; and so on. [Each day, possibly due to fatigue,
it walks the distance that it walks on the previous day] On which day will it meet its sweet-heart (which, of
course is not moving out, at all)?
(a) 8th
(b) 16th day
(c) 32nd day
(d) Never
(e) None of these
Use the following data and choose the correct answer from among the five alternatives provided under each Question.
S
Z
Q
X
V
T
W
R
Y
A defence code is defined by assigning number 1 to 9 to the letters in the square such that, (i) adding horizontally,
vertically or diagonally the sum is the same viz. 15 and (ii) Y: W: Q: S is as 1: 2: 3 :4
13. Which letter has the maximum value?
(a) Z
(b) W
(c) Q
(d) R
(e) None of these
14. The minimum value is assigned to the letter.
1. X
(b) T
(c) Z
(d) W
(e) None of these
15. The values of X and Tare
(a) 1,9
(b) 1,5
(c) 5,9
(d) 3,7
(e) None of these
16. If the code given is 1159, then the massage is
(a) WZRT
(b) ZZVR
(c) RRZV
(d) XXVT
(e) None of these
17. If the sum of the letters is 23 which messages gives three consecutive alphabets?
(a) XYZ
(b) TUV
(c) SZU
(d) QRS
(e) None of these
Four students - A, B, C and D - were asked the names of the heads of four labs - Physics, Chemistry, Bio and Computers in a college. The heads of these four labs are Mr. X, Mr. Y, Mr. Z and Mr. W, in no particular order. B named Mr. Z as
Physics head and Mr. W as Bio's head. Both A and C named Mr. X as Computers head. A didn't name Mr. Y as Bio head.
No two students named the same person as the head in case of lab Chemistry. C and D named the same person as the
head in case of exactly two of the four labs. No other pair of students, apart from C and D, named the same person as
the head in case of these two particular labs. The person, who was named as the head of a different lab by each
student, was identified correctly by D and it was D's only correct answer. B gave exactly two correct answers.
18. Who is the head of lab Physics?
(a) Mr. Z
(b) Mr. W

(c) Mr. X

(d) Mr. Y

19. For which lab did none of the students give the name of the correct head?
(a) Physics
(b) Chemistry
(c) Bio
(d) Computers
20. Which student did not give any correct answer?
(a) C
(b) A

(c) Either (a) or (b)

(d) Both (a) and (b)

During a car racing event in 2015 National Games, eight racers A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H driving in eight different lanes
on a track. The lanes were numbered 1 to 8 from left to right in that order. In a strange coincidence, the finishing
positions of all the racers were same as their lane numbers. E.g. the racer driving in the lane numbered 1 finished first,
the racer driving in the lane numbered 2 finished second and so on. It is also known that:
(i)
Exactly two racers finished between C and G.
(iv)
D finished ahead of C.
(ii)
D finished just ahead of G.
(v)
Neither E nor H finished last.
(iii)
F finished just ahead of A.
(vi)
Exactly two racers finished ahead of D.
21. Who could have finished sixth in the race?
(a) A
(b)D
(c)B

(d) C

22. Who finished 3rd and 4th respectively in the race?

(a) H and B
(b) D and G
(c) D and C
(d) Cannot be determined

DATA INTERPRETATION

1. If the income of the company in the year 2006 was 6.425 lakh, what was its expenditure in that year?
a. 4.7
b. 5.2
c. 4.5
d. 3.8
e. none of these
2. If the expenditure of the company A in the year 2005 was 3.6 lakh, what was the profit in that year?
a. 2.52
b. 2.46
c. 1.44
d. 1.31
e. none of these
3. What is avg profit percent of company A over all the years?
a. 57
b. 36
c. 43
d. 51
e. 45
4. If in the year 2009 incomes of both the companies A and b were the same, what was the respective ratio of their
expenditures in that year?
a. 7:5
b. 16:15
c. 23:21
d. can not be determined
e. none of these
5. What is the percent increase in percent profit of company B in the year 2008 from the previous year?
a. 17.65
b. 19.25
c. 16.55
d. 15.75
e. none of these

6. What is the total no of girls taking part in the rally from school A and C together?
a. 825
b. 875
c. 950
d. 975
e. none of these
7. The no of boys participating in the rally from school B is what percent of the total number of students participating
from that college?
a. 48.84
b. 47.37
c. 49.28
d. 46.46
e. none of these

8. The no of girls participating in rally from school E is what percent of the no of boys participatin in the rally from the
same school?
a. 81
b. 106
c. 122
d. 98
e. 114
9. What is the ratio of total no of girls participating from the schools D and E together to the total no of boys
participating from A and B together?
a. 23:18
b. 43:35
c. 41:38
d. 21:20
e. none of these
10. What is the average no of girls participating in the rally from all the schools together?
a. 500
b. 480
c. 525
d. 495
e. none of these

11. What is the approx overall percentage of marks obtained by U in all the subjects together?
a. 75
b. 71
c. 79
d. 82
e. 87
12. If in order to pass the examination minimum of 109.5 marks are required in science, then how many students pass the
examination?
a. None
b. two
c. one
d. three
e. none of these
13. What are average marks obtained by all the students in hindi?
a. 39.166
b. 40.166
c. 41.333
d. 44.333
e. none of these
14. What is avg percentage marks obtained by all the students in English?
a. 61
b. 63
c. 65
d. 68
e. 69
15. What are the total marks obtained by S in all the subjects together?
a. 317
b. 309
c. 323
d. 348
e. none of these

16. What is the ratio of total no of children from village O to the no of children attending the school from the same village?
a. 204:145
b. 179:131
c. 167:111
d. 266:137
e. none of these
17. What is no of students attending school from village N?
a. 145
b. 159
c. 170
d. 164
e. none of these
18. What is the total no of children not attending the school from M and N together?
a. 69
b. 56
c. 76
d. 63
e. none of these
19. What is total no of students from villages P and M together?
a. 1422
b. 1142
c. 1122
d. 1211
e. none of these
20. The no of children attending school from village L is approx what percent of the total no of children from that village?
a.78
b. 72
c. 57
d. 84
e. 66

DATA SUFFICIENCY
Directions : In each of the questions below consists of a
question and two statements numbered 1 and 2 given
below it. You have to decide whether the data provided
in the statements are sufficient to answer the question.
Read both the statements and Give answer

(A) If the data in statement 1 alone are sufficient

to answer the question, while the data in
statement 2 alone are not sufficient to answer
the question
(B) If the data in statement 2 alone are sufficient
to answer the question, while the data in
statement 1 alone are not sufficient to answer
the question
(C) If the data either in statement 1 alone or in
statement 2 alone are sufficient to answer the
question
(D) If the data given in both statements 1 and 2
together are not sufficient to answer the
question and
(E) If the data in both statements 1 and 2
together are necessary to answer the question.

1. If today the price of an item is $3,600, what was the

price of the item exactly 2 years ago?
(1) The price of the item increased by 10 per-cent per
year during this 2-year period.
(2) Today the price of the item is 1.21 times its price
exactly 2 years ago.
2. By what percent has the price of an overcoat been
reduced?

6. In parallelogram ABCD above, what is the measure of

ADC?
(1) The measure of ABC is greater than 90o.
(2) The measure of BCD is 70o
7. Is x2 equal to xy?
(1) x2 y2 = (x + 5)(y - 5)
(2) x = y
8. Was 70 the average (arithmetic mean) grade on a class
test?
(1) On the test, half of the class had grades below 70
and half of the class had grades above 70.
(2) The lowest grade on the test was 45 and the highest
grade on the test was 95.
9. What was Johns average driving speed in miles per
hour during a 15-minute interval?
(1) He drove 10 miles during this interval.
(2) His maximum speed was 50 miles per hour and his
minimum speed was 35 miles per hour during this
interval.
10. Is MNP isosceles?
(1) Exactly two of the angles, M and N, have the
same measure
(2) N and P do not have the same measure.
11. Is n an integer greater than 4?
(1) 3n is a positive integer.
n
(2)
is a positive integer.
3

(1) The original price was $380.

(2) The original price was $50 more than the reduced
price.
3. If the Longfellow Playground is rectangular, what is its
width?
(1) The ratio of its length to its width is 7 to 2.
(2) The perimeter of the playground is 396 meters.
4. What is the value of x 1?
(1) x + 1 =3
(2) x 1 < 3
5. Is William taller than Jane?
(1) William is taller than Anna.
(2) Anna is not as tall as Jane.

12. In JKL shown above, what is the length of segment

JL?
(1) JK = 10
(2) KL = 5
13. A coal company can choose to transport coal to
one of its customers by railroad or by truck. If the
railroad charges by the mile and the trucking
company charges by the ton, which means of
transporting the coal would cost less than the
other?
(1) The railroad charges $5,000 plus $0.01 per mile
per railroad car used, and the trucking company
charges $3,000 plus $85 per ton.
(2) The customer to whom the coal is to be sent is 195
miles away from the coal company.
14. Is x y > r s?
(1) x > r and y < s?
(2) y = 2, s = 3, r = 5, and x = 6.

15. On a certain day it took Bill three times as long to

drive from home to work as it took Sue to drive from
home to work. How many kilometers did Bill drive
from home to work?
(1) Sue drove 10 kilometers from home to work, and
the ratio of distance driven from home to work
time to drive from home to work was the same for
Bill and Sue that day.
(2) The ratio of distance driven from home to work
time to drive from home to work for Sue that day
was 64 kilometers per hour.

22. A jewelry dealer initially offered a bracelet for sale at

an asking price that would give a profit to the dealer
of 40 percent of the original cost. What was the
original cost of the bracelet?
(1) After reducing this asking price by 10 percent, the
jewelry dealer sold the bracelet at a profit of $403.
(2) The jewelry dealer sold the bracelet for $1,953.
23. If n is an integer between 2 and 100 and if n is also
the square of an integer, what is the value of n?
(1) n is the cube of an integer.
(2) n is even.
24. Is x2 y2 a positive number?
(1) x y is a positive number.
(2) x + y is a positive number.

16. The figure above represents the floor of a square

foyer with a circular rug partially covering the floor
and extending to the outer edges of the floor as
shown. What is the area of the foyer that is not
covered by the rug?
(1) The area of the foyer is 9 square meters.
(2) The area of the rug is 2.25 square meters.
17. At a certain university, if 50 percent of the people
who inquire about admission policies actually submit
applications for admission, what percent of those who
submit applications for admission enroll in classes at
the university?
(1) Fifteen percent of those who submit applications
for admission are accepted at the university.
(2) Eighty percent of those who are accepted send a
deposit to the university.
18. If x and y are nonzero integers, is

x
an integer?
y

(1) x is the product of 2 and some other integer.

(2) There is only one pair of positive integers whose
product equals y.
19. If x is an integer, what is the value of x?
(1) 1 1 1
5
x 1
2
(2) ( x 3)( x 4) 0
20. Is quadrilateral Q a square?
(1) The sides of Q have the same length.
(2) The diagonals of Q have the same length.
21. If K is a positive integer less than 10 and N = 4,321 +
K, what is the value of K?
(1) N is divisible by 3.
(2) N is divisible by 7.

25. The surface area of a square tabletop was changed so

that one of the dimensions was reduced by 1 inch and
the other dimension was increased by 2 inches. What
was the surface area before these changes were made?
(1) After the changes were made, the surface area was
70 square inches.
(2) There was a 25 percent increase in one of the
dimensions.