http://www.orange.com/en/Press-and-medias/press-releases2016/Orange-Poland-and-Nokia-set-new-capacity-distance-record-with1.5-Terabits-per-second-Tb-s-superchannel-transmitted-over-870kmbetween-Warsaw-and-WroclawOrange Poland and Nokia set new capacitydistance record with 1.

5 Terabits per second (Tb/s) superchannel

transmitted over 870km between Warsaw and Wroclaw

Results are a 25% increase in per-wavelength capacity over 200Gb/s, a

70% distance improvement vs comparable field trials and 250% increase
in bandwidth over 100Gb/s networks using same amount of spectrum
Capacity and distance records set on existing Orange Poland network
infrastructure using commercially available transport infrastructure from
Nokia
Trial shows how operators can cost-effectively meet soaring data
demand using Nokia technology
The 1.5Tb/s superchannel is based on six carriers of 250Gb/s capacity each. With electrical
speed 30% faster than current technology, the capacity is maximized while the channel spacing
remains aligned with the 50 GHz ITU-T grid.
The field trial used a 870km fiber link with flexible grid infrastructure and standard erbium-doped
fiber amplification applied to 20dB spans of standard single mode fiber. The size of the
superchannel and its 50GHz spacing between channels, which is the same as existing 100Gb/s
channels, will ease network planning and operation.
Orange and Nokia also demonstrated with a real-time transponder a record spectral efficiency of 5
bits/Hz with 250Gb/s in 50GHz over 870km by using 16QAM modulation format.
The new optical link could transmit up to 24Tb/s of traffic in total if 96 channels amplifiers were
used.

Source : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8n2xFQHNpss&feature=youtu.be
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZXkspNQwlaM&feature=youtu.be
http://www.techradar.com/news/computing/nokia-s-terabit-fiber-internet-breakthrough-points-toeven-faster-internet-speeds-1328886

Nokia's terabit fiber internet breakthrough points to

even faster internet speeds
Called Probabilistic Constellation Shaping, the technique uses quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)
formats to achieve higher transmission capacity over a given channel, to increase optical fiber flexibility and
performance in order to move data traffic faster, and over greater distances, without increasing the optical
network complexity

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noisy-channel_coding_theorem
The Shannon limit or Shannon capacity of a communications channel is the theoretical maximum information
transfer rate of the channel, for a particular noise level.

In information theory, the noisy-channel coding theorem (sometimes Shannon's

theorem), establishes that for any given degree ofnoise contamination of a communication
channel, it is possible to communicate discrete data (digital information) nearly error-free up
to a computable maximum rate through the channel. This result was presented by Claude
Shannon in 1948 and was based in part on earlier work and ideas of Harry Nyquist and Ralph
Hartley.
Nokia further adds that its PCS technology results in signal transmissions that are more
resilient to noise and other impairments.

Earlier in the year, researchers in the UK hit 1.125 terabits per second using a special system
that relayed information over optical fibre on 15 channels simultaneously, creating what the
team called a "super channel".
And last year, another British team hit 1 Tbps download speeds in the lab this time using a
wireless 5G system that relayed data over 100 metres.

The secret was a new modulation technique, Probabilistic Constellation Shaping. Instead
of using all the networking's constellation points (the "alphabet of the transmission")
equally, like typical fiber, it prefers those points with lower amplitudes -- the ones that
are less susceptible to noise. That helps transmissions reach up to 30 percent further,
since you can adapt the transmission rate to fit the channel. It's so effective that the
team got close to the theoretical peak data speeds possible for the fiber connection.
(known as the Shannon limit)

http://www.explainthatstuff.com/fiberoptics.html
Fiber optic (or "optical fiber") refers to the medium and the technology associated with the transmission of
information as light impulses along a glass or plastic wire orfiber. Fiber optic wire carries much more information
than conventional copper wire and is far less subject to electromagnetic interference.

What is Asynchronous Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL)

1. A digital switched technology that provides very high data transmission

speeds over telephone system wires; the speed of the transmission
is asynchronous, meaning that the transmission speeds for uploading
and downloading data are different. For example, upstream
transmissions may vary from 16 Kbps to 640 Kbps, and downstream
rates may vary from 1.5Mbps to 9Mbps. Within a given implementation,
the upstream and downstream speeds remain constant.