GAS ABSORPTION PRINCIPLES

ABSORPTION COLUMN MODELS

TRAY-TYPE PLATE COLUMNS
COUNTERCURRENT CONTACTING OF GAS AND LIQUID CONTACTING OCCURS IN LIQUID ON TRAYS

LIQUID FLOW
PERFORATED TRAY OVERFLOW WEIR

LIQUID FLOWS PARALLEL TO THE TRAY GAS FLOWS PERPENDICULAR TO THE TRAY
GENERAL CONFIGURATION

TRAY DESIGNS
SIEVE TRAY BUBBLE CAPS VALVE TRAYS
http://www.kochglitsch.com/koch/products/flexitray_trays.asp
http://www.jaeger.com/internalsHDbubblecaptrays.htm
http://www.rauschertus.com/process_technologi es/bubblecaptrays.html

PACKED COLUMN DESIGNS

COUNTERCURRENT GAS AND LIQUID CONTACTING LIQUID/GAS INTERFACE ON PACKING LIQUID
FLOWS OVER THE SURFACE OF THE PACKING WITH A GENERAL DOWNWARD DIRECTION GAS FLOW
S THROUGH INTERSTICES IN THE PACKING WITH A GENERAL UPWARD DIRECTION PACKING TYP
ES
RANDOM STRUCTURED
http://dtirp.dtra.mil/products/CWC/132p-12.jp

RANDOM PACKING
INSTALLED IN SECTIONS DISTRIBUTION PLATE IS BETWEEN SECTIONS RELATIVE FLOWS DETE
RMINE HYDRDYNAMICS LIMITING CASES
FLOODING WEEPING
LIQUID IN
DI RI U ION LATE
G
OU
CK D C ION

RANDOM PACKING DESIGNS

SHAPES
RINGS SADDLES OTHERS
MATERIALS
METAL CERAMIC PLASTIC
http://www.koch-glitsch.com/koch/products/plastic_random_packing.as

RANDOM PACKING DESIGNATIONS

NOMINAL DIAMETERS VOID FRACTION http://www.wisconsinstamping.com/images/raschig.
jpg BULK WEIGHT
https://fscimage.fishersci.com/ecat/F_N umbers/F70000_F79999/F73000_F73999/ F738
00_F73899/F738-01~wn.jpg
http://www.koch-glitsch.com/koch/products/flexiring.asp

STRUCTURED PACKING
PACKING IS MADE IN SECTIONS AND FILLS ENTIRE COLUMN DIAMETER
http://www.sulzerchemtech.com/DesktopDefault.aspx/tabid-232/

DESIGNS FOR TRAY COLUMNS

SET UP McCABE THIELE DIAGRAM WITH OPERATING LINE AND EQUILIBRIUM LINE

DILUTE SYSTEMS
WHEN OPERATING AND EQUILIBRIUM LINES HAVE CONSTANT SLOPES KREMSER EQUATIONS APPL
Y
y1  mx2 ln y  mx (1  1 A) 1 A 2 2 N! ln A x2  y1 m ln x
(10.6  7)
(10.6  8)

NON-LINEAR SYSTEMS
OPERATING LINE BASED ON INERT FLOWS EQUATION (10.6-4) x2 y1 x1 NORMALLY TIED
ONE SET OF TERMINAL CONDITIONS GRAPHICAL FORM OF SOLUTION (McCABETHIELE DIAGRAM)
PLOTS BOTH LINES

y2 L' 1  x V ' 1  y ! L' 1  x V ' 1  y 2 1 2 1

NUMBER OF EQUILIBRIUM STAGES

BASED ON INTEGER STEPS BETWEEN OPERATING LINE AND EQUILIBRIUM LINE.
ABSORPTION, OPERATING LINE LIES ABOVE THE EQULIBRIUM LINE STRIPPING, OPERATING L
INE LIES BELOW THE EQUILIBRIUM LINE

LIMITING CASES
(L/V)min
OPERATING LINE WITH TERMINATION ON EQUILIBRIUM LINE REQUIRES INFINITE STAGES (L/
V)min MAY OCCUR AT FIRST INTERSECTION OF STRAIGHT LINE FROM TERMINAL POINT WITH
EQUILIBRIUM LINE
(L/V)des = (L/V)min(MULTIPLE)
DESIGN TERMINAL POINT IS BASED ON MASS BALANCE FINITE NUMBER OF EQUILIBRIUM STAG
ES FOR LESS THAN EQUILIBRIUM STAGES, USE MUPHREE yn  yn 1 EFFICIENCY (11.5-2) LM
! y *n  yn 1

PACKING PRESSURE DROP

CONTACTING EFFICIENCY IN ABSORBER
SURFACE AREA/UNIT VOLUME HYDRODYNAMICS
SURFACE AREA
TABLE 10.6-1 FOR A RANGE OF PACKING TABLE 14.7b IN PERRYS
LIMITING CONDITIONS
LOW FLUXES CHANNELING OR WEEPING HIGH FLUXES FLOODING

PRESSURE DROP CORRELATIONS

EMPIRICAL DATA
PERRYS FIG. 14-48 THRU 14-59 FIG. 10-6-5 &10.6-6

BASIS IS DRY FLOW FLOODING LIMIT

FP TABLE 10.6-1
in.w.c. ! 0.115FP0.7 (10.6  1) (Pflood ft Packing http://www.cheresources.com/a
dpacktowerfig3print.sh

DESIGN FLUXES
DIAMETER OF COLUMN IS BASED ON FLUX CALCULATION
NORMALLY CONTROLLED BY VAPOR FLUX
RECOMMENDED DESIGN VALUES RANGE FROM 65% - 80% OF FLOODING EXPERIMENTAL DATA
BEST METHOD EDGE EFFECTS FOR SMALL TEST COLUMNS
MIST ELIMINATOR
INCLUDED IN MOST DESIGNS RECOVERS ENTRAINED DROPLETS ABOVE PACKING

MIST ELIMINATORS
TYPES INCLUDE
VANE CYCLONIC MESH ELECTROSTATIC
http://www.acsseparations.com/mmstr.htm
http://www.bionomicind.com/images/series9000.jpg http://www.amistco.com/PRODUCTS
/ELIMINATORS/ ation/mist_eliminators/vanemisteliminator msh_vne.html http://img.
alibaba.com/photo/266357355/Electrostatic_Oil_Mist_Eliminator_for_Kitchen_Exhaus
t_Ventil
http://www.knitmesh.com/business/separ s.html

MIST ELIMINATOR RANGES

TYPE DEPENDS ON PARTICLE DIAMETER
http://www.knitmesh.com/ business/separation/mist_ eliminators/separationmec han
isms.html

CYLCONIC MIST ELIMINATORS

DESIGN BASES
PERRYS 7th, P. 26-36 SECTION 14.4F
http://www.koch-ottoyork.com/downloads/ProductCatalog.pdf
http://www.epa.gov/eogapti1/ module6/matter/control/contr ol.htm#esptypes

ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS
ESP CAN REMOVE AEROSOLS OR PARTICULATE FROM A GAS STREAM
http://www.epa.gov/eogapti1/module 6/matter/control/control.htm#precipit
CAN REMOVE SUBMICRON PARTICLES