HSO3/JOSERIZ

Aoanan, Sedric Jed

Reyes, Erico Alfonso
Fan, Kevin Andrew

Abiba, Jarhamae Maine

San Juan, Jason
Mercado, Mark Anthony

Heroes that are not given the recognition despite

their contributions to the country

Forgotten People of Philippine History

peripherally discussed or rarely mentioned people

often worked behind prominent heroes, but have

done dangerous and complicated tasks which

made many battles and revolts possible, if not

successful.

tobacco manufacturer,
soldier , and a close aide
of General Antonio Luna
during the Revolution.
Born 4 October 1869 in
Alcala, Cagayan.
volunteered as a
member of the cavalry
during the Revolution of
1896 to remove
suspicion of his
complicity with the
uprising.

He also helped the cause

by donating money from
his own pocket.
5 June 1899 - Roman
rushed to Lunas side
after an assassin stabbed
and shot the general. He
was also stabbed and
shot to death.

(b. April 5, 1860) a native of San

Jacinto, Pangasinan, a revolutionary who
founded an organization under that of
Gen. Francisco Makabulos, and was later
elected to the 1898 Malolos Congress.

In 1896, he participated in the revolt. Two years

after, he was elected to the Malolos Congress. Was
named the chief of Pangasinan guards. He was later
named to the Malolos Congress.
He fought with Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo against the
Americans, unfortunately was captured in the end
of 1900. A Spanish friar was killed, he was accussed
of the crime through the falls testimony of the two
former guards. He was tried and found guilty,
sentenced to death by hanging at Dagupan Plaza in
Pangasinan.

also known as Mena, was the representative

of Ilocos Sur in the Malolos Congress in 1898, one of
the signatories in the Malolos Constitution in 1899,
and the first governor of Ilocos Sur in 1901. In 1904,
he was sent to St. Louis in the United States for the
World Exposition. When his term as governor
ended, he spent most of his time
promoting Ilocano arts and literature, and forming
band and orchestra.
His komedya and sarsuela continue to entertain
Ilocanos especially during town fiestas.

was a revolutionary who joined the Katipunan when

the Katipuneros went back

to Bulacan from Balintawak in 1896.

He is commonly known as Apo Ipe among his followers

from
Bulacan, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Tarlac and Nueva
Ecija. By 1910, he was caught by the Americans and was
sentenced to be hanged to death in 1912.

a national hero of the Philippines, born in

Culi-Culi, Makati, Rizal. His real name was Pio
Isidro, forced to adopt his fathers middle
name to avoid arrest during the revolution.

He designed a war flag for their Katipunan

chapter which was a blood-red flag and a
white triangle with the capital "K" in each
angle, and in the middle a half sun with seven
rays.
he was the leader of the rebels that
defended Binakayan, Bacoor and Las
Pias and was able to capture Spanish
authorities, that earned him the rank of
Brigadier-General.

one of the youngest

generals in the
Philippine
Revolutionary Forces
during the Philippine
Revolution and
the PhilippineAmerican War.
"Boy General."

Fernando H. del Pilar

and Felipa Sempio
of Bulacan, Bulacan
nephew of
propagandist Marcelo
H. del Pilar

December 2, 1899, del

Pilar led 60 Filipino
soldiers of Aguinaldo's
rear guard in the Battle
of Tirad Pass against
the "Texas Regiment",
the 33rd Infantry
Regiment of the
United States led
by Peyton C. March.

Died in the Battle of

Tirad Pass
In 1930, del Pilar's body
was exhumed and was
identified by the gold
tooth and braces he
had installed while in
exile in Hong Kong.

Filipino revolutionary
known as the Brains of
the Katipunan.
Trozo, Tondo, Manila
Mariano Jacinto and
Josefa Dizon
fluent in
Spanish and Tagalog,
but preferred to speak
in Spanish

attended San Juan de

Letran College, and
later transferred to
the University of Santo
Tomas to study law
at the age of 20, joined
the secret society
called Katipunan
advisor on fiscal
matters and secretary
to Andrs Bonifacio

also wrote for the

Katipunan newspaper
called Kalayaan
Dimasilaw
Pingkian
author of the Kartilya
ng Katipunan

contracted malaria and

died in Magdalena,
Laguna, at the age of
24.

Filipino pharmacist and youngest of seven children

general who fought in
of Joaqun Luna &
the Philippine-American Spanish mestiza Laureana
War.
Novicio
founder of
older brother, Juan, was an
the Philippines's first
accomplished painter who
military academy.
studied in
Urbiztondo,
the Madrid Escuela de
Binondo, Manila
Bellas Artes de San
Fernando

At the age of six,

Antonio learned reading,
writing, and arithmetic
from a teacher known
as Maestro Intong. He
memorized the Doctrina
Cristiana (catechism),
the first book printed in
the Philippines.

Ateneo Municipal de
Manila, where he
received his Bachelor of
Arts degree in 1881
studied literature and
chemistry at
the University of Santo
Tomas, where he won
first prize for a paper in
chemistry titled Two
Fundamental Bodies of
Chemistry

also studied
pharmacy,
swordsmanship,
fencing, military
tactics, and became a
sharpshooter
was sent by his doting
parents to Spain, to
acquire a licentiate and
doctorate in Pharmacy

obtained the degree of

Licentiate in Pharmacy
from the University of
Barcelona
pursued further studies
and in 1890 obtained
the degree of Doctor of
Pharmacy from
the Universidad Central
de Madrid.

became one of the

Filipino expatriates
who mounted the
Propaganda
Movement
wrote for La
Solidaridad, published
by the reformist
movement of the elite
Filipino students in
Spain.

Impressions which dealt

with Spanish customs
and idiosyncrasies
under the pen-name
"Taga-ilog
Died due to multiple
injuries; stabbed by
Captain Pedro
Janolino; shot by
Janolinos cohorts
Cowards! Assassins!

revolutionary leader who

conspired
with British forces to
overthrow Spanish rule in
the
northern Philippines and
establish an
independent Ilocano
nation

revolt was fueled by

grievances stemming
from Spanish taxation
and abuses, and by his
belief in selfgovernment, that the
administration and
leadership of the Roman
Catholic Church and
government in the Ilocos
be invested in trained
Ilocano officials

Aringay, Pangasinan
(an area in present-day
Caba or Aringay, La
Union)
worked as a messenger
for a local Castilian
priest in Vigan, Ilocos
Sur.

Bright, passionate, and

fluent in Spanish, he
ferried correspondence
from the Ilocos to
Manila; journeys that
gave him his first
glimpse of colonial
injustice and that
planted the seed of
rebellion

killed by one of his

his Spanishfriends, a SpanishIlocana mestiza wife,Josefa
Ilocano mestizo named
Gabriela, took command of
Miguel Vicos, whom
the revolt and fought
church authorities paid
courageously.
to assassinate Silang
The Spanish sent a strong
with the help of Pedro
force against her. She was
Becbec. He was 32 years
forced to retreat to Abra.
old.

Gabriela led her troops towards Vigan but was driven

back. She fled again to Abra, where she was captured.

Gabriela and her men were summarily hanged on

September 20, 1763; she being hanged the last.

Vicente Ola and

Apolonia Arboleda
joined the local branch
of the Katipunan in his
hometown province
of Albay and later
became the leader

promoted to the rank

of captain after the
battle of Camalig in
Albay, 1898 and again
promoted to the rank
of major after a daring
ambush mission that
led to the capture of
three Americans

last general to
surrender to American
forces during
the PhilippineAmerican War, on the
condition that his men
would be granted
amnesty

s put on trial and was

proven guilty of
sedition and was
sentenced to thirty
years in prison
1904, he was given a
pardon and returned to
his place of birth and
became the municipal
president

People that are given the recognition for their

contributions to the country
Prominent people that fought for the
independence of our country
People whose works had changed the ideals
of the Filipino Nation

the son of Kapitan Laut Buisan and was known to

the Spaniards as Corralat and to some Dutch writers
as Guserat, was the seventh Sultan of Maguindanao.
He died at the end of 1671 after having ruled for
about half a century. His rule, with varying fortunes
and at different capitals, can, therefore, be fairly
estimated to have taken place from 1619 to 1671.

By 1645, he was already using the title of

sultan.
As a young man he was entitled Katchil.
His regal name was Qudratullah, which
denoted that the bearers power came from
God. His great grandchildren referred to him
as Nasir ud-Din.

Filipino nationalist and

revolutionary
founder and later the
supreme leader of
the Katipunan which
sought the
independence of
the Philippines
from Spanish colonial
rule and started
the Philippine
Revolution.

Tondo, Manila
Santiago Bonifacio and
Catalina de Castro
executed on May 10,
1897 in the mountains
of Maragondon, Cavite.

Filipino political
philosopher and
revolutionary who
wrote a constitutional
plan for the first
Philippine republic of
1899-1901, and served
as its first prime
minister in 1899

often referred to as
"the Sublime Paralytic",
and as "the Brains of
the Revolution."
To his enemies and
detractors, he is
referred to as the "Dark
Chamber of the
President."

Brgy. Talaga in Tanauan,

Batangas.
second of eight children
of Dionisia Maranan, a
vendor in the Tanauan
market, and Inocencio
Mabini, an unlettered
peasant

Believing that the

Reform Movement still
had a chance to
achieve success,
Mabini did not
immediately support
the revolution of 1896

When Jos Rizal was

executed in December
that year, however, he
changed his mind and
gave the revolution his
wholehearted support.
i was most active in
the revolution in 1898,
when he served as the
chief adviser for
General Aguinaldo

drafted decrees and

crafted the first ever
constitution in Asia for
the First Philippine
Republic, including the
framework of the
revolutionary
government which was
implemented
in Malolos in 1899.

appointed prime
minister and was
also foreign minister of
the newly independent
dictatorial government
of Aguinaldo on
January 2, 1899.

Eventually, the
government declared
the first Philippine
republic in appropriate
ceremonies on January
23, 1899. Mabini then
led the first cabinet of
the republic.

Infighting among
members of the Malolos
congress led to the
spread of rumors saying
that Mabini's paralysis
had by caused by
venereal disease specifically, syphilis.
debunked only in 1980,
when Mabini's bones
were exhumed and
the autopsy proved once
and for all that the cause
of his paralysis was
Polio.

May 13, 1903 Mabini

died of cholera in Manila,
at the age of 38.

Filipina revolutionary
who became known as
"Tandang Sora" in the
history of the
Philippines because of
her age when
the Philippine
Revolution broke out in
1896 (she was already
84 at the time).

Grand Woman of
the Revolution and
the Mother
of Balintawak for her
heroic contributions
to Philippine history.
operated a store, which
became a refuge for
the sick and
wounded revolutionari
es.

a celebrated figure in
the Philippine
Revolution and a
leading propagandist
for reforms in
the Philippines

helped
the Propaganda
Movement through his
speeches and liberal
writings on the plight
of the Filipinos as a
result of the abuses of
the Spanish friars in the
country

editor and copublisher of La

Solidaridad (The
Solidarity), a
newspaper advocating
reforms for
the Philippines

Cupang,
Bulacan, Bulacan
youngest son of Julin
H. del Pilar,
a gobernadorcillo and
Blasa Gatmaitn.

took a Latin course in

the school of Jos
Flores and then
transferred at
the Colegio de San
Jos, where he finished
his Bachiller en Artes

studied at
the Universidad de
Santo Tomas, where he
earned his licenciado en
jurisprudencia (equivale
nt to a Bachelor of
Laws) in 1880

Diariong Tagalog
featured in his
newspaper the poem
of Jos Rizal, El Amor
Patrio (The Love of
Country), which del Pilar
translated into Tagalog
language

wrote articles against

the friars, such as:
Dasalan at Tocsohan
Pasing Dapat Ipag-alab

nang Puso nang Tauong

Babasa
Cadaquilaan ng Dios
Sagot ng Espaa sa Hibic ng
Filipinas
Dudas
La Frailocracia Filipina
Caiigat Cay

arrived in Spain on
January 1, 1889, leaving
his family behind

headed the political

section of the Asociacin
Hispano-Filipina de
Madrid (Hispanic Filipino
Association of Madrid)
founded by Filipino
ilustrados and Spanish
sympathizers, the
purpose of which was to
agitate for reforms from
Spain

succeeded Graciano
Lpez Jaena as editor
of the Filipino
reformist periodical La
Solidaridad on
December 15, 1889.

Even before he had

chief burden of the
editorship, and when
he assumed the post,
he transferred the
editorial office
from Barcelona to
Madrid.

aims of the newspaper

were:
removal of the friars and

the secularization of the

parishes;
active Filipino participation in
the affairs of the
government;
freedom of speech, of the
press, and of assembly;
wider social and political
freedoms;
equality before the law;
assimilation;
representation in the Spanish
Parliament.

rejected the assimilationist

stand and began planning
an armed revolt.
conceived the Katipunan, a
secret revolutionary
organization.
tried to establish it in 1890
but succeeded only in July,
1892 with the help
of Andrs
Bonifacio and Deodato
Arellano.
died of tuberculosis in
Barcelona on July 4, 1896

Ilocano Filipino painter, sculptor and a

political activist of the Philippine
Revolution during the late 19th century
became one of the first recognized Philippine
artists

His winning the gold medal in the 1884

Madrid Exposition of Fine Arts, along with the
silver win of fellow Filipino painter Flix
Resurreccin Hidalgo, prompted a
celebration which was a major highlight in
the memoirs of members of the Propaganda
Movement, with the
fellow Ilustrados toasting to the two painters'
good health and citing their win as evidence
that Filipinos and Spaniards were equals.

Badoc, Ilocos Norte in the northern

Philippines, Juan Luna was the third among
the seven children of Don Joaquin Luna and
Doa Laureana Novicio y Ancheta.
went to Ateneo Municipal de Manila where he
obtained his Bachelor of Arts degree. He
excelled in painting and drawing, and was
influenced by his brother, Manuel Luna, who,
according to Filipino patriot Jos Rizal, was a
better painter than Juan himself.

enrolled at Escuela Nautica de Manila

(now Philippine Merchant Marine Academy)
and became a sailor
took drawing lessons under the illustrious
painting teacher Lorenzo Guerrero of Ermita,
Manila
also enrolled in the Academy of Fine
Arts (Academia de Dibujo y Pintura) in Manila
where he was influenced and taught how to
draw by the Spanish artist Agustin Saez

1877 Manuel and Juan Luna traveled to Europe,

where Manuel studied music and Juan painting
entered the Escuela de Bellas Artes de San
Fernando, where he befriended the painter
Don Alejo Vera
1878 when his artistic talents was established
with the opening of the first art exposition
in Madrid which was called the Exposicin
Nacional de Bellas Artes (National
Demonstration of Beautiful Arts)

Notable works include:

Spolarium (1884)

La Muerte de Cleopatra (1881)

El Pacto de Sangre (1885)
La Batalla de Lepanto (1887)

On December 8, 1886, Luna married Maria de la Paz Pardo de Tavera, a

sister of his friend Felix and Trinidad Pardo de Tavera. The couple traveled
to Venice and Rome and settled in Paris.

had one son, whom they named Andrs, and a daughter nicknamed Bibi
who died in infancy.

was fond of painting his wife. However, the jealous Luna frequently

accused Paz of having an affair with a certain Monsieur Dussaq.

he killed his wife and mother-in-law and wounded his brother-in-law,

Felix, on September 23, 1892. He was arrested and murder charges were

filed against him.

In 1891 Luna moved back to the Philippines and traveled

to Japan in 1896, returning during the Philippine Revolution of
the Cry of Balintawak.
September 16, 1896, he and his brother Antonio Luna were
arrested by Spanish authorities for being involved with
the Katipunan rebel army. Despite his imprisonment, Luna was
still able to produce a work of art which he gave to a visiting priest
pardoned by the Spanish courts on May 27, 1897 and was released
from prison and he traveled back to Spain.
1898 - was appointed by the executive board of the Philippine
revolutionary government as a member of the Paris delegation
which was working for the diplomatic recognition of the Repblica
Filipina
1899 -upon the signing of the Treaty of Paris (1898), Luna was
named a member of the delegation to Washington, D.C. to press
for the recognition of the Philippine government.

He traveled back to the Philippines in December

1899 upon hearing of the murder of his brother
Antonio by the Kawit Battalion in Cabanatuan.
On December 7, 1899, Luna suffered a heart
attack and died there.
His remains were buried in Hong Kong and in
1920 were exhumed and kept in Andrs Luna's
house, to be later transferred to a niche at the
Crypt of the San Agustin Church in the
Philippines.
Unfortunately some of his paintings were
destroyed by fire in World War II.