TRNG I HC CNG NGH

I HC QUC GIA H NI

BO CO THC TP CHUYN NGNH

Tm hiu cng c kim th t ng Selenium

v ng dng trong thc nghim

Cn b hng dn :

Trn Th Minh Chu

Nhm sinh vin thc hin : on Tn Phong

Phm Th Sc
Nguyn nh S
Nguyn Vn Tun
Nguyn Tn Tin

Li m u
Trong giai on bng n cng ngh thng tin nh hin nay , nhu cu pht trin phn
mm c v cht lng v s lng ang tr nn bc thit . Ko theo l nhu cu kim th
phn mm t c cht lng ti u trc khi n tay khch hng . V th m cc cng
c h tr kim tra t ng ang dn tr thnh cc tr th c lc cho i ng pht trin phn
mm. Mt cng c tiu biu trong s l Selenium . y l mt cng c m ngun m ,
mnh m , h tr cc ng dng trn nn web , nhiu platform v cc trnh duyt ph bin.
Ni dung ca bo co trnh by mt s hiu bit c bn v Selenium , ng thi cng
trnh by kt qu ca vic ng dng Selenium vo kim th mt s ng dng trn nn web .
Do iu kin hn ch v thi gian , kh nng lp trnh, ti liu h tr nn nhm chng em ch
tm hiu gii hn trong Selenium IDE v Selenium Core . Nhm chng em s gii thiu v
cch ci t , s dng 2 cng c ny , sau thc nghim mt s kim th n gin trn cc
form t xy dng , mt ng dng c dng th nghim Selenium v mt s trang web
phc tp . Cui cng nhm chng em a ra nhn xt v cc cng c ca ring mnh v mt
s nhn xt ca nhng ngi dng chuyn nghip khc.
Nhm chng em xin c gi li cm n chn thnh ti tin s Trn Th Minh Chu ,
ngi trc tip hng dn , cho chng em nhng nh hng v kin qu bin trong qu
trnh thc hin .
Nhm chng em cng xin c gi li cm n n b mn Cng ngh phn mm
khoa Cng ngh thng tin i hc Cng ngh cho php v gip nhm thc hin
ti ny.
y l cng c kim th t ng u tin m cc thnh vin trong nhm c tip
xc , li c hon thnh trong qu thi gian hn hp v th khng trnh khi khim khuyt ,
chng em knh mong nhn c s cm thng v ch bo tn tnh ca qu thy c.

H Ni ngy 15 thng 12 nm 2009

i din nhm thc hin
on Tn Phong

Mc lc
Chng 1: Gii thiu chung v Selenium .............................................................................. 4
1.1.Gii thiu chung v Selenium:......................................................................................... 4
1.2. Ci t v s dng Selenium : ........................................................................................ 4
Chng 2 : ng dng Selenium trong thc nghim............................................................. 8
2.1. ng dng Selenium trong test mt form ng nhp n gin: ...................................... 8
2.2. ng dng Selenium trong test mt phn mm phc v th nghim: ........................... 11
2.3. ng dng Selenium trong test trn mt s website phc tp : ..................................... 14
Chng 3 : Nhn xt v Selenium ........................................................................................ 15
3.1. Nhn xt ca nhm v Selenium : ................................................................................ 15
3.2. Nhn xt ca ngi dng chuyn nghip v Selenium :............................................... 15
Chng 4 : Kt lun .............................................................................................................. 17
Ph lc 1 ....
Ph lc 2
Ph lc 3

Chng 1: Gii thiu chung v Selenium

1.1.Gii thiu chung v Selenium:
- Selenium (thng c vit tt l SE) l mt phn mm m ngun m, c pht
trin bi Jason Huggins, sau c tip tc bi nhm ThoughtWorks vo nm 2004. Phin
bn hon chnh mi nht l 1.0.1 c pht hnh vo 10/06/2009.
- Selnium l mt cng c h tr kim tra t ng cho cc ng dng chy trn nn web .
Selenium h tr kim tra hu ht trn cc trnh duyt ph bin hin nay nh Firefox , Internet
Explorer , Safari ,.. cng nh cc h iu hnh ch yu nh Windows , Linux , Mac ,..
- Selenium h tr mt s ln cc ngn ng lp trnh nh C# , Java , Perl , PHP ,
Python, Ruby,..
- Selenium c th kt hp thm vi mt s cng c khc nh Bromien , Junit nhng vi
ngi dng thng thng ch cn chy t ng m khng cn ci thm cc cng c b tr.
- Selenium bao gm mt b cc cng c h tr kim tra t ng tnh nng ca ng
dng web bao gm : Selenium IDE , Selenium Remote Control (RC) , Selenium Core v
Selenium Grid.
o Selenium IDE : c pht hnh di dng mt ng dng m rng (add-on)
cho Mozilla Firefox phin bn 2.0 tr ln . Cng c cung cp chc nng thu v chy
li Record and Playback. Nh Tester c th nhanh chng to mt b kch bn
kim tra (test script) bng cch trc tip thu cc thao tc ca mnh trn i tng cn
kim tra thnh mt tp nhng cu lnh Selenese ( ngn ng kch bn c pht trin
cho Selenium IDE v Selenium Core c dng bn HTML ) . Sau chy li cc cu
lnh ny kim tra. Chc nng nng ny rt hu dng , cho php tit kim thi gian
vit kch bn kim tra. Selenium IDE cho php lu kch bn thu di nhiu loi
ngn ng lp trnh khc nhau nh Java , PHP , C# , Ruby , Perl hay Python.
o Selenium RC : Cng c ny c th nhn cc test script c thu bi Selenium
IDE , cho php chnh sa , ci tin linh ng bng nhiu ngn ng lp trnh khc nhau .
Sau khi ng mt trong cc trnh duyt web c ch nh thc thi kim tra trc
tip trn trnh duyt . Selenium RC cn cung cp kh nng lu li kt qu kim tra .
o Selenium Grid : Thc hin phng php kim tra phn b , phi hp nhiu kt
qu ca Selenium RC c th thc thi trn nhiu trnh duyt web khc nhau trong
cng mt lc . Cng cho php lu li kt qu kim tra .
o Selenium Core : c tch hp trong Selenium IDE . Sselenium Core l
mt cng c chy cc test script vit bng Selenese . Th mnh ca cng c ny l c
th chy test script trn hn ht cc trnh duyt , nhng li yu cu c ci t trn
my ch ca ng dng hay website cn kim tra. iu ny l khng th khi Tester
khng c quyn truy cp n my ch
- Ti b cng c ca Selenium ti : http://seleniumhq.org/download/
1.2. Ci t v s dng Selenium :
1.2.a. Ci t v s dng Selenium IDE :
- Selenium IDE (Integrated Development Environment) c pht hnh di dng
phn mm b tr (add-on) ca Firefox , cho php test , edit v debug code . Selenium c th
sinh code t ng hoc np cc on m vit tay.

- ci t Selenium IDE , vo tab Get Extension ca Tool/Add-ons, trong phn tm

kim g t kha Selenium IDE v sau tin hnh ci t . Khi ng li trnh duyt , nu
ci t thnh cng th trong mc Tool s c thm dng Selenium IDE .
- Hnh di l giao din ca Selenium IDE :

Hnh 1. Giao din ca Selenium IDE

Cc chc nng trong File :

To test-case v test-suite mi.
M test-case v test-suite lu.
Lu test-case v test-suite theo nh dng html.
Export test-case v test-suite theo cc nh dng m Selenium h tr.
Thm test-case.
Thot khi chng trnh.

Cc chc nng trong Edit :

Undo , Redo : Thc hin li , thc hin ti cc command.
Cut , Copy , Paste , Delete : Ct , copy , dn , xa
Select All : Chn tt c cc command

Cc chc nng trong Options :

Options : La chn mt s tnh nng : nh encoding ca file , chn la phn m rng
ca Selenium IDE
Format : Chn dng ca ngun test-script
Clipboard Format : Chn dng ca Clipboard

Cc chc nng trong Help :

Cc thng tin v ti liu v Selenium IDE

Hnh 2. Giao din vng lm vic

Hnh 3. Cc thanh cng c ca Selenium IDE

1.2.b. Ci t v s dng Selenium Core :

- Selenium Core l mt thnh phn thuc b cng c Selenium . Selenium Core c
dng test cc ng dng web.
- C th ci Selenium Core n gin bng cch ci Selenium IDE , n c nhng
sn trong Selenium Core bn trong . Hoc ti b ci v ti a ch
http://seleniumhq.org/download/ v t n vo th mc gc htdocs hoc l webserver v chy
n nh mt website bnh thng
- Cc test-suite v test-case cn c t ht vo th mc tests ca Selenium Core . Sau
khi chy testRunner th ta cn chnh li ng dn n test-suite cn thit.

Hnh 5. Giao din ca Selenium Core

- Mn hnh c chia thnh 4 on (sections): Test Suite, Current Test, Control
Panel v frame ng dng chnh th hin ng dng ca ta. Control Panel s thc thi khi ta
chn mt test suite. Mc nh th Selenium Core chy test suite ca ../tests/TestSuite.html.
Click nt Go m test suite thc hin.

Hnh 6. Giao din ca Selenium Control Panel

- Chc nng ca Selenium Control Panel
Run All Tests: Chy tt c cc test trong test suite.
Run Selected Test: Chy test chn
Pause / Continue: Ngng hoc tip tc chy test.
Step: Chy tng bc ca test sau khi t breakpoint hoc xa breakpoint
- C th hiu chnh tc test bng cch r thanh trt
- Check Highlight Elenmets lm ni bt cc elements ang s dng .
- Show Log th hin window log.

Chng 2 : ng dng Selenium trong thc nghim

2.1. ng dng Selenium trong test mt form ng nhp n gin:

- Nhm xy dng mt s on m n gin vit bng PHP v JavaScript nh form

ng nhp , form ng k , form lit k danh sch , nhm mc ch th nghim cc chc
nng ca Selenium IDE v Selenium Core.
- Khi nhp tn ng nhp v mt khu hp l ( admin 123456 ) chng trnh s bt ra
dialog box thng bo Hello admin. Nu tn ng nhp v mt khu khng hp l , chng
trnh s bt dialog thng bo Please re-type.
- Nhm thc hin test theo 2 cch : test bng Selenium IDE trn trnh duyt Firefox , v
test bng Selenium Core trn cc trnh duyt Firefox , Internet Explorer , Safari , Opera v
Chrome
2.1.a. Th nghim bng Selenium IDE :
- Chn Format theo nh dng HTML, sau tin hnh record li test.
- Nhp tn ng nhp v mt khu hp l ( admin - 123456 ) v submit . Form ng
nhp thnh cng v bt alert box thng bo Hello admin . Tt record . Lu li test-case
- Playback test-case , form ng nhp thnh cng . Selenium thng bo 1 runs v 0
failures .
- To test-case mi , nhp vo tab Table cc gi tr
Command
open
type
type
clickAndWait
assertAlert

Target
/login.php
username
password
cmd
Hello admin

Value
admin
123456

Chy test-case , chng trnh dng dng assertAlert v bo li.

- To test-case mi , nhp vo tab Table cc gi tr:
Command
open
type
type
clickAndWait
assertAlert

Target
/login.php
username
password
cmd
Hello admin

Value
admin
admin

Chy test-case , chng trnh bo li v dng dng clickAndWait

- To file script test-case mi Login_fail.html nh sau :

<html>
<head>
< title>Test login</title>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="1">
<thead><tr><td rowspan="1" olspan="3">Login fail</td></tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>open</td><td>/login.php</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>type</td><td>username</td><td>admin</td></tr>
<tr><td>type</td><td>password</td><td>123456</td></tr>
<tr><td>click</td><td>//input[@value='Login']</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>assertAlert</td><td>Hello admin</td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>
- Np test-scriptLogin_fail.html . Chy test-case ny , chng trnh dng li dng
assertAlert v bo li .
- M test-case mi , dn ni dng file trn vo tab source . Chy test-case , chng
trnh dng dng assertAlert v bo li.
- Nhn vo command type , sa gi tr ca password thnh admin. Chy li test-case
chng trnh dng dng clickAndWait v bo li.
2.1.b. Th nghim bng Selenium Core :
- To file test-suite mi Login_test_suite.html nh sau :
<html>
<head>
<title>Test_Suite</title>
</head>
<body>
<table id='login_test_suite' class='Selenium'>
<tbody>
<thead><td>Test Suite</td></thead>
<tr><td><a href='login_pass.html'></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='login_fail.html'></a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>

- To file script test-case mi Login_pass.html nh sau :

<html>
<head>
<link rel="selenium.base" href='/login.php'><title>Login Pass</title>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="1">
<thead><tr><td rowspan="1" olspan="3">Login_pass</td></tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>open</td><td>/login.php</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>type</td><td>username</td><td>admin</td></tr>
<tr><td>type</td><td>password</td><td>123456</td></tr>
<tr><td> clickAndWait </td><td>//input[@value='Login']</td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>
- To file script test-case mi Login_fail.html nh sau :
<html>
<head>
<link rel="selenium.base" href='/login.php'><title>Login Fail</title>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="1">
<thead><tr><td rowspan="1" olspan="3">Login_fail</td></tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>open</td><td>/login.php</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>type</td><td>username</td><td>admin</td></tr>
<tr><td>type</td><td>password</td><td>admin</td></tr>
<tr><td>clickAndWait</td><td>//input[@value='Login']</td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>
- Copy cc file test-suite v test-case va to vo th mc test trong document root
(/htdocs/tests) .
- Th nghim trn Firefox , nhp vo Test Suite ng dn n file test-suite . Chn
Login_pass v chy test-case . Chng trnh thc hin thnh cng
- Chn Login_fail v chy test-case . Chng trnh bo li ti clickAndWait v dng li
- Th nghim trn Internet Explorer , Safari , Chrome , Opera Selenium Core cho kt
qu tng t.

Hnh 7. Th nghim Selenium Core trn trnh duyt Chrome

2.1.c. Nhn xt :
- Selenium IDE gn nh v rt n gin trong vic ci t . Vic ci t Selenium Core
cng rt n gin.
- Selenium IDE v Core u c giao din trc quan , v d s dng . Tuy nhin mt s
phm tt quan trng li khng c hoc khng quen thuc.
- Selenium thc hin tt vic bt cc hnh ng , tuy nhin khng bt c cc thng
bo c a di dng alert .
- Selenium IDE hin th r rng cc test ang chy , cha lu , s lng test b sai .
Chng trnh s ngng v hin th bc b li ti cc test khng thc hin c.
- Gp mt s li trong s dng Selenium Core trn Opera.
2.2. ng dng Selenium trong test mt phn mm phc v th nghim:
2.2.a. Gii thiu ng dng :
- Tn ng dng : Chng trnh qun l k tc x sinh vin
- Nhm pht trin : Nhm 11 lp CNPM i hc Cng ngh , i hc Quc gia H
Ni trng nhm l Bi Quang Trung.
- Nn (Flatfrom) : Chng trnh chy trn nn web
- Ngn ng pht trin : PHP
- C s d liu : mySQL
Chng trnh qun l k tc x sinh vin l mt ng dng trn nn web , c pht
trin bi nhm sinh vin lp K51 Cng ngh phn mm . Chng trnh c vit do s yu
cu ca ban Qun l k tc x M Tr . Do s lng sinh vin trong k tc x hin nay l
rt ln , cng nh trong qu trnh qun l c nhiu vn pht sinh nn cn phi c qun
l bng phn mm tin cho vic phc v . Tuy nhin y l phn mm do cc bn sinh
vin t pht trin , cha c nhiu kinh nghim nn khng th trnh khi nhiu sai st . Chnh
v th nhm chn la ng dng ny thc hin test . ng thi , do quy m chng trnh
khng ln nn nhm c th d dng hn trong vic vit test-case cng nh thc hin chng.

Cc chc nng ca ng dng

-

Qun l sinh vin :

o Nhp sinh vin mi : Thm thng tin ca 1 sinh vin mi vo k tc x
o Sa thng tin ca mt sinh vin
o Hin th ton b sinh vin
o Loi sinh vin : Xa sinh vin ny trong c s d liu khi sinh vin ny
chuyn ra ngoi
o Duyt danh sch thng pht cng nh sinh vin ht hn trong k tc
Qun l danh sch trng , khoa
o Thm hoc xa danh sch cc trng hin c sinh vin ang trong KTX
o Thm hoc xa danh sch cc khoa hin c sinh vin ang trong KTX
Qun l phng :
o Thm hoc xa danh sch cc phng ,
o Hin th thng tin phng dnh cho sinh vin nam hay n , s lng sinh vin
ti a trong phng , v s lng hin ti.
Qun l tn gio ,dn tc ,i tng u tin :
o Thm hoc xa danh sch cc tn gio
Qun l dn tc :
o Thm hoc xa danh sch cc dn tc
Qun l loi i tng u tin :
o Thm hoc xa danh sch cc loi i tng u tin
Qun l ti sn :
o Hin th danh sch cc loi ti sn
o Thm thng tin khi c ti sn c mua , Sa thng tin ti sn , Xa thng tin
khi ta sn b thanh l
Qun l in :
o Hin th s in ca tng phng
o Cp nht gi in v s in
o Theo di tin in tiu th
Qun l nc :
o Hin th s nc ca tng phng
o Cp nht gi in v gi nc
o Theo di tin in tiu th
Qun l ngi dng
o Hin th v thay i thng tin ngi dng
o Hin th danh sch ngi dng
o Thm hoc xa ti khon
- Hng dn ci t phn mm :
o Yu cu : Windows 2000 hoc Linux tr ln , c ci t Apache server module
PHP , h qun tr d liu mySQL
o Download Firefox ti a ch http://www.mozilla.com/enUS/firefox/personal.html v ci t mc nh
o Download XAMPP ti a ch http://sourceforge.net/projects/xampp/files/ v
ci t mc nh
o Gii nn b m ngun vo th mc C:\xampp\htdocs ( i viWindows )
o To c s d liu mi Cake . Import file cake.sql ti ng dn
C:\xampp\htdocs\Database\cake.sql
o Vo a ch https://localhost/kytucxa/ . ng nhp vi ti khon v mt khu
mc nh l admin/ admin

- Xem hng dn s dng do sinh vin u Thanh Hi vit ti ph lc 1 ca bo co.

2.2.b Ni dung v kt qu :
- Nhm s dng Selenium IDE v trnh duyt Firefox cho qu trnh test phn mm. Ban
u nhm chy phn mm v record li cc trng hp vi cc gi tr ng . Nh trong
trng hp test form nhp thng tin v sinh vin
StudentName
StudentBirthdayMonth
StudentBirthdayDay
StudentBirthdayYear
StudentGenderNam
StudentHostedYearMonth
StudentHostedYearDay
StudentHostedYearYear
StudentCourseYear
StudentAllowedYear
StudentNationalityId
StudentRaceId
StudentReligionId
StudentPriorityId
StudentAddress
StudentSocialIdNumber
StudentClass
//form[@id='StudentAddForm']/div[14]/input
StudentSchoolId
//form[@id='StudentAddForm']/div[17]/input
StudentFacultyId
StudentStudentIdNumber
StudentHomeAddress

on Tn Phong
label=January
label=22
label=1987
label=May
label=4
label=2005
label=2005
4
label=Vit Nam
label=Kinh
label=Khng
label=Khng
TP Thanh Ha
172987314
984902682
373754628
label=i Hc Cng ngh
K51CC
label=Cng ngh phn mm
5020296
TP Thanh Ha

Sau khi record li v lu li di dng html , nhm to test-case mi bng cch vit
cc lnh v s dng cc thng tin ca test-case trc . Tuy nhin nhm thay i mt trong s
cc thng tin thnh thng tin sai v gi nguyn phn cn li nhm to ra mt test-case
kim tra phn hi ca phn mm . Lu test-case mi to , np vo Selenium IDE v thc hin
li test .
- Ni dung test-case v kt qu chi tit test-case xin xem ti ph lc 2 v 3 ca bo co.
Di y l kt qu c nhm tng hp
S lng test
S test t
S test khng t
S test cha thc hin
T l thnh cng

94
44
50
0
46.81%

- Sau khi thc hin test phn mm nhm a ra mt s nhn xt v ng dng :

o Chng trnh c bn thc hin c mt s chc nng cn thit nht t ra ban
u ca khch hng.
o Chng trnh x l rt km cc rng buc v cng gn nh khng kim tra d
liu nhp vo.
o Chng trnh mc li nghim trng trong vic lu li cache . Li ny nh
hng nghim trng ti vic thc hin test.
o Thng bo ca chng trnh l rt nh v n iu , khng thun li cho ngi
s dng v gy kh khn cho vic test.
o Giao din chng trnh n gin nhng vn c nhiu kh chu trong logic s
dng.
- Mt s nhn xt v Selenium sau khi thc hin test :
o Cc command ca Selenium l kh n gin , tuy nhin nhm cha tm hiu
c nhiu command nn gp kh khn trong vic s dng . Nhm ngh ci
t thm cc add-on Firebug v Xpath trn Firefox h tr cho vic sinh
command.
o Selenium IDE khng h tr vic test trn nhiu ca s cng mt lc. Khi m
nhiu ca s , Selenium IDE ch c th bt c tng tc ca ca s ban u
o Selenium IDE c 1 tnh nng khng c bt sn (c th bt bng vic check
vo Record assetTitle automatically trong Options/General) . Tnh nng ny
t ng chn cc cu lnh kim tra Title trong qu trnh record . iu ny rt
hu ch trong qu trnh test cc ng dng c nhiu trang.
o Selenium IDE h tr lu nhiu dng lp trnh Java , C#, Perl, Ruby . Trong
nhm nhn thy Ruby l mt ngn ng rt thch hp vit test-case cho
Selenium v c php rt n gin , ngn gn v d hiu . C th vit test-case
bng Ruby sau dn vo tab Source ca Selenium IDE v chy nh vi dng
HTML thng thng.
2.3. ng dng Selenium trong test trn mt s website phc tp :
2.3.a. Mt s website c thc nghim :
Nhm thc nghim vic s dng Selenium IDE trn mt s website ln trn mng
nh facebook.com , microsoft.com , mail.google.com ,youtube.com , megaupload.com
y l cc website c ng dng cc cng ngh tin tin nht hin nay trong vic xy dng
trang web . V th nhm mun thc nghim kh nng test ca Selenium trn cc website ny ,
nht l kh nng bt cc tng tc ca ngi dng vi ng dng .
2.3.b. Ni dung v kt qu :
- Nhm thc hin bng cch record bi Selenium IDE v sau duyt cc website trn
. M thm mt s ng link ca website , ng nhp vo mt s webgame , xem video trc
tuyn . Sau ngng record , lu test-case v tin hnh chy li i chiu vi cc hnh
ng thc hin.
- Nhm nhn thy mt trong nhng nhc im rt ln ca Selenium IDE l khng th
bt c cc tng tc ca Flash v Sliverlight . Tt c cc tng tc u c Selenium IDE
nhn l mt click vo file swf vi Flash hoc hon ton khng c ghi nhn vi Sliverlight .
- Selenium IDE cng khng ghi nhn tt i vi cc website s dng cng ngh Ajax .
- Khng th s dng trc tip cc test-case lu li sau khi test website v cn thi gian
nht nh ti trang . Cc ng dng m nhm test trn u chy trn localhost nn thi
gian p ng l rt nhanh .

Chng 3 : Nhn xt v Selenium

3.1. Nhn xt ca nhm v Selenium :
- Mt trong nhng cng c gn nh v n gin nht trong ci t . Selenium IDE hay
Selenium Core u c th chy c trn mi Platform nh Windows , Linux hay Mac.
- Cha c IDE cho cc trnh duyt khc Firefox l mt nhc im , tuy rng Selenium
Core hot ng rt tt trn cc trnh duyt ph bin .
- V l cc cng c kim th trn cc ng dng trn nn web nn d hiu l Selenium
khng th dng test cc ng dng chy trn nn Window hay Linux .
- Selenium l mt cng c hon ton min ph v khng c vn v bn quyn .
- C Selenium IDE v Selenium Core u n gin , trc quan v d s dng . Tuy
nhin c mt s rc ri i vi phm tt. Cc command ca Selenium l kh n gin v d
hc.
- Selenium khng c kh nng test GUI (giao din ngi dng ha) v khng c cc
hm h tr test giao din nh bt c ch , c tiu , mu sc ,.
- Selenium cung cp kh nng record and playback kh tt . Kh nng bt tng tc
gia ngi dng v ng dng kh tt . Tuy nhin khng hot ng tt vi cc ng dng vit
bng Flash, Sliverlight hay Ajax .
- Selenium IDE ch c th hot ng vi mt ca s duy nht
- Selenium h tr vic tng gim tc test , to breakpoint v chy theo tng step h
tr rt tt cho vic debug m chng trnh .
3.2. Nhn xt ca ngi dng chuyn nghip v Selenium :
-

T QTP10.com1 (website h tr ngi dng ca HP QuickTest Professional)

+ u im :
o Selenium thc hin hng ng trong nn ca trnh duyt. N i cu trc DOM
ca cc trang HTML thc hin hnh ng trn trang. Chnh xc hn l n thc
thi javascript trn cc i tng trong giao din trang web thc hin hnh ng
nh kch, nhp, chn y l l do ti sao bn c th thc hin cc kim th
vi trnh duyt gim thiu.
o Cc phng php, s kin Selenium v cc tnh cht ca i tng khng c
h tr bi Selenium. Nhng nhn chung l hu ht cc thnh phn giao din
ngi dng l c h tr.
o H tr cho nhiu trnh duyt nh E, Firefox, Safari v Opera v thm mt vi
trnh duyt.
o Selenium h tr Java, .Net v cc ngn ng lp trnh tiu chun khc.
o Selenium h tr Java, do m n c th chy trn nhiu h iu hnh khc nhau
nh Windows, Unix, Mac
o Selenium l mt phn mm m ngun m nn n l hon ton min ph.
o Mi trng pht trin kim th ca Selenium l a dng vi nhiu IDE nh nh
Eclipse, Netbeans, Visual Studio, v ty thuc vo s la chn ca bn v ngn
ng pht trin.
o D s dng v pht trin.

+ Nhc im :

http://www.qtp10.com/2009/08/qtp-vs-selenium.html

o Selenium tch hp vi cc h thng pht trin trn nn tng web, nn khng thch
hp vi cc phn mm ng dng khc.
o Selenium nhn ra cc i tng trn c s ca cu trc DOM ca cc trang
HTML. Cc i tng giao din trong Selenium c m t m h v khng tun
th chnh sch WYSWYG. (WYSWYG -What you see is what you get.)
o Khng tch hp lin mch vi cng c qun l kim tra.
T Igor Balos2 ( blog ca nhm wildbit)
Kim th th cng l cch ph bin nht ca kim th nhng n cng chim rt nhiu
thi gian . Tuy nhin c nhng cng c rt ngn thi gian cn thit th nghim cc
kim th bng t ng ha cc cng vic th cng . Mt trong nhng cch t ng ha
cc test l Selenium IDE . N l mt add-on nh dnh cho Firefox cho php bn chy v ghi
li cc test cho ng dng ca bn . L do ti s dng Selenium l v bn c th s dng n
m hu nh khng cn bt k s can thip no trong qu trnh thc hin test. Mt khc
Selenium IDE rt nh v d s dng , ng thi cng c khng ngng c ci thin. Khi
thc hin test , ti bt Selenium IDE ln v ghi li cc lnh vc m ti quan tm. Nhng
trng hp Selenium IDE ghi li s gip ti khng lng ph thi gian vo nhng cng vic
lp i lp li nhiu ln . T ng ha cc nhim v nh c th tng tc th nghim ln rt
nhiu ln . Bng cch ny bn s c thi gian dnh cho vic xem xt cc phn quan trng ca
ng dng . Gn dy , chng ti c cc k hoch hng thng , nn cn rt nhiu ng k th
nghim . Trong thi gian thu nghim ca qu trnh ng k , ti ghi nhn mt s kch bn
n gin bng Selenium IDE cho ngi ng k s dng , ngi gi v kch hot chng .
Nhng script ny c ti s dng nhiu ln , v bn khng phi lo lng v vic thc hin
qu trnh ny mt cch th cng na. V p ca vic ny l bn ch cn vi pht thc
hin . y khng phi l trng hp phc tp m l nhng kch bn n gin v mi ngi
c th chy min l h ci t Firefox trn my ca mnh.
-

http://wildbit.com/blog/2009/07/07/speeding-up-manual-testing-with-selenium-ide/

Chng 4 : Kt lun
Trong thi im hin ti , khi m nhu cu v phn mm mi ngy cng nhiu v phc
tp hn th yu cu ti u kim th trc khi a n tay ngi s dng cng i hi cp
thit hn . Vic t ng ha mt phn quy trnh kim th s gip h tr cc tester nng cao
nng sut v cht lng d n . Tuy nhin , chi ph cho cc phn mm kim th thng mi
thng rt cao , i khi lm cho d n khng c kh nng sinh li . V th chn la cc cng
c kim tra t ng m ngun m l mt la chn rt sng sut .Mt trong s cc la chn
l Selenium . Selenium l mt cng c kim th tuyt vi nhng cng c mt s nhc im
nghim trng cn c khc phc sm.
Bo co trnh by mt s hiu bit c bn v Selenium cng nh mt s kt qu ng
dng Selenium trong thc t . Trong nhm tp trung vo Selenium IDE y l cng c
ph hp nht cho nhng ngi mi bt u. Tuy nhin , do hn ch mt s iu kin nh mi
bt u tp s dng test bng cng c , khng c nhiu thi gian , s lng ngi dng nht
l Vit Nam cn t , kh nng lp trnh cha tt nn nhm cha th nghim c Selenium
RC v Selenium Grid cng nh cha xy dng c cc test-script bng cc ngn ng khc
nh C# , Perl , Ruby hay Java. Trong tng lai , nhm s tip tc tm hiu thm cc chc
nng ca Selenium v nghin cu cch xy dng cc test-script bng ngn ng Java ti u
hn kh nng ca Selenium.