Name: ______________________

Test Prep Study Guide Chapter 3

In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each
statement or best answers each question.

_______ 1. Acids and bases differ in that

a. bases dissolved in water form more hydronium ions than do acids
dissolved in water.
b. acids dissolved in water form more hydronium ions than do bases
dissolved in water.
c. acids dissolved in water form more hydroxide ions than do bases
dissolved in water.
d. bases have a lower pH than do acids.
_______ 2. Which of the following groups of terms is associated with carbohydrates?
a. monosaccharide, glycogen, cellulose
b. monosaccharide, cellulose, lipid
c. disaccharide, polysaccharide, steroid
d. polysaccharide, amino acid, ATP
_______ 3. The speed of a chemical reaction is increased by
a. an enzyme.
c. ATP.
b. the reactant.
d. All of the above
_______ 4. Which of the following particles is found in an atoms nucleus?
a. electron
c. isotope
b. electron cloud
d. proton
_______ 5. Which of the following is not a property of water?
a. cohesion
c. nonpolarity
b. polarity
d. stores heat well
In the space provided, write the letter of the description that best matches
each term.

_______ 6. atom
_______ 7. element
_______ 8. compound
_______ 9. molecule
_______10. electron

a. a substance made when atoms of two or more different

elements join together
b. negatively charged atomic particle
c. the smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by
chemical means
d. a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds
e. a substance made of only one kind of atom

Test Prep Pretest continued

Complete each statement by writing the correct term or phrase in the space
provided.

11. Molecules that are ______________________ dissolve best in water, while

______________________ molecules do not dissolve well in water.
12. The weak chemical attractions between water molecules are
______________________ bonds, while the stronger chemical bonds between the
atoms of each water molecule are ______________________ bonds.
14. On the pH scale, vinegar is a(n) ______________________ and ammonia is a(n)
______________________.
15. Two ______________________ that store energy are starch, which is produced by
plants, and glycogen, which is produced by animals.
16. DNA and RNA, which are two kinds of ______________________
______________________, are made of long chains of nucleotides.
18. Enzymes lower the ______________________ ______________________ of a
chemical reaction by holding the reactants close together in the right orientation.
19. A substrate attaches to the ______________________ ______________________ of
an enzyme.
20. Temperature and ______________________ can affect enzyme activity.

Test Prep Pretest continued

Questions 21 - refer to the figures below.

D.

E.

F.
21. Identify the organic compound represented by each of the molecules shown above.
A. __________________________________________
B. __________________________________________
C. __________________________________________
D. __________________________________________
E. __________________________________________
F. __________________________________________

22. For each type of compound shown above, explain the role or function it plays in
your body.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

List the 3 particles of an atom. List the charge and location of each.
23)
24)
25)

Describe each of the following bonds.

26) Ionic Bond

27) Covalent Bond

28. Peptide Bond

29.Polarity (Hydrogen Bond)

30. Be able to describe how a substance can dissolve, based on what you
understand about Polarity.

31. How many bonds can Carbon form? ___________________

Carbohydrates
32. What are its elements?

33. What is/are the function(s)?

34. What is the building block?

35 List 3 examples.

36. What is a disaccharide?

37. List an example.

38. What is a polysaccharide?

39. List 3 examples.

40. Glucose + Fructose =

Lipids

41.

_____________________________________

What elements?

42. What is/are the function(s)?

43. What are its two parts? What are the building blocks?
44. List 3 examples of Lipids

Proteins

46. What elements?

47. What are some examples of proteins?

48.

What is the building block?

49.How many common amino acids are there?

49.

Define enzyme.

50.

What does an enzyme do to the rate of a chemical reaction?

51.

How does an enzyme work?

52.

What are the molecules that bind to the enzyme?

53.
What term describes the area on the enzyme to which the
substrate binds?

54.
In the comparison of an enzyme to a Lock & a Key , which is
the lock and which is the key?

LOCK:
KEY:
55.

Nucleic Acids
56.

57.

What happens when an enzyme becomes denatured?

What elements?
What is the building block of Nucleic acids?

58.

What are the 3 parts of that building block ?

59.

What are 3 types of nucleic acids?

Fill in the SUMMARY chart above

Name of
Biomolecule

What Elements?

Building Block?

Function?

Glycerol and

Secondary Energy
source; Act as
steroids

Carbohydrate

___________
__________
Amino Acid

C, H, O, N, P

Name of
Biomolecule

What Elements?

Building Block?

Function?

Carbohydrate

48.

49.

50.

51.

52.

53. Glycerol and

___________

Secondary Energy
source; Act as
steroids

56.

59.

54.

55.

__________
Amino Acid

57.

C, H, O, N, P

58.

60. Refer to the illustration above. Which of the following statements regarding the
graph is true?
a.
Reaction 2 occurs faster than Reaction 3 because Reaction 2 requires more
energy than Reaction 3.
b.

The difference between the graphs shown for Reaction 2 and Reaction 3
occurs because of a difference in the activation energy of these reactions.

c.

Reactant A contains more energy at the beginning of the reaction than

product C has at the end of the reaction.

d.

Product B contains more energy at the end of the reaction than reactant A
has at the beginning of the reaction.

61. Refer to the illustration above. Reaction 3 in the graph

a.
probably occurred in the presence of an enzyme.
b.
requires more activation energy than Reaction 2.
c.
is the same as Reaction 1, but faster.
d.
is slower than Reaction 2.