TOEFL

TPO 1

Letter in the Centerville College News

The administration has announced plans to acquire

a new sculpture for campus. We should all oppose
this plan. The universitys poor financial situation
led it to increase tuition and campus housing fee by
15% this past year. Surely then it is in no financial
position to purchase such expensive sculpture.
Moreover,just look at the sculpture: several 60- foot
long steel plates, jutting out of the earth at an odd
angle! Its so large, itll take up all the space in front
of the campus center! This is public space that
should be reserved for students.

Notes
purchase new sculptures
+ ive
reason 1:nice arts on campus
reason 2:pauls points unconvincing
$ comes from a donor
for paul personally its going to take up the
space he used to play soccer with his friends

The Establishing Shot

Film directors use different types of camera shots for
specific purposes. An establishing shot is an image
shown briefly at the beginning of a scene, usually
taken from far away, that is used to provide context
for the rest of the scene. One purpose of the
establishing shot is to communicate background
information to the viewer, such as the setting- where
and when the rest of the scene will occur. It also
establishes the mood or feeling of the scene. Due to
the context that the establishing shot provides, the
characters and events that are shown next are better
understood by the viewer.

Using the professors examples, explain what

establishing shot is and how it works.

Notes
R(reading): establishing shot is an image shown briefly at
the beginning of the scene to provide the context for rest
of the scene.
L: +ive e.g. (supportive example)
Big city (tall buildings, skyscrapers), 1940s (the cars and
the signs on the city street look old-fashioned), gloomy
(mostly darkness and raining) -> big city in the 40s and
mysterious.
The actual scene: detectives talking in an office in a tall
building of a big city.
Because of the establishing shot, the professor expected
the event taking place will be dark and mysterious.

Notes
Ws: for her volunteer work with the elementary
school kids, she was supposed to drive some of
them to the zoo tomorrow, however she reserved
the van too late and now they all ran out.
M:
1. borrow a car from a friend (needs 2 cars &
need a volunteer driver)
2. public transportation (hard to supervise kids)
You: pick one + 2 reasons (you may include
personal opinion/preference)

Notes
Mathematical capability of babies
babies know basic calculation as early as 5
months old (indirect evidence)
+ive e.g.: experiment: one doll on table, lower a
screen, put a 2nd doll behind the screen
obviously to the baby, secretly takes away one,
raise the screen, baby surprised (eye movement,
stare at where the doll should be)

Template reminder
In the lecture, the professor talked about (the
info. can be found in the introduction phrase)
________. (or raised the point that......)
The professor gave two examples of the
concept/theory/phenomenon above.
The first one is a supportive example.
The second one is an exceptional/opposing
example.