SPECIAL TOPICS OF CONTACTLESS SENSOR SYSTEMS

(SOFTWARE)
Prof. Dr. Martin Jogwich
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Media Technology and Computer Science
innovativ & lebendig Bildungsregion DonauWald

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CONTENTS OF LECTURES
1.

Image Preprocessing [Bildvorverarbeitung]

1.1 Image representation

1.2 Homogeneous point operations
1.3 Inhomogeneous point operations
1.4 Local image operations (image filters)

2.

Image Processing [Bildverarbeitung]

2.1 Gauging [Vermessung]

2.2 Positioning [Lageprfung]
2.3 Segmentation [Segmentierungsverfahren]
2.4 Miscellaneous [Verschiedenes]

Contactless_sensor_MET_MAI_software_JO_WS16

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1. IMAGE PREPROCESSING: 1.1 IMAGE REPRESENTATION (1)

Ultrasonic image

X-Ray image

Photo and fluorescence image

MRT image

[Fraunhofer IPM]

Examples of input images taken by different contactless sensor systems

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1. IMAGE PREPROCESSING: 1.1 IMAGE REPRESENTATION (2)

Image: Spatial distribution of gray values gm,n at a plane

Quantization into 256 values, from 0 (black) to 255 (white)

elementary cell
[Elementarzelle]
Contactless_sensor_MET_MAI_software_JO_WS16

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1. IMAGE PREPROCESSING: 1.2 HOMOGENEOUS POINT OPERATIONS:

CONTENTS OF LECTURES

1.

Image Preprocessing [Bildvorverarbeitung]

1.1 Image representation [Bilddarstellung]

1.2 Homogeneous point operations

1.2.1 Threshold operation [Schwellwertoperation]
1.2.2 Image negation [Negativbildung]
1.2.3 Linear gray value transformation
1.2.4 Contrast enhancement [Kontrastnormierung]
1.2.5 Histogram equalization [Histogrammebnung]

1.2.6 Contrast amplification [Kontrastnormierung]

1.2.7 LUT with steps [Stufenfrmige Zuordnungstabelle]

1.3 Inhomogeneous point operations

1.4 Local image operations (image filters)

Contactless_sensor_MET_MAI_software_JO_WS16

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1. IMAGE PREPROCESSING: 1.2 HOMOGENEOUS POINT OPERATIONS:

1.2.1 THRESHOLD OPERATION

= P (gmn )
gmn
Gray value transformation, independent of pixel position

Look-Up-Table

Output image

g`mn

Input image

mn

0 gmn < gt
=
threshold operation : gmn
255 gmn > gt
Contactless_sensor_MET_MAI_software_JO_WS16

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1. IMAGE PREPROCESSING: 1.2 HOMOGENEOUS POINT OPERATIONS:

1.2.1 THRESHOLD OPERATION ; 1.2.2 IMAGE NEGATION

0 gmn gt
gmn
255 gmn gt

gmn 255 gmn

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1. IMAGE PREPROCESSING: 1.2 HOMOGENEOUS POINT OPERATIONS:

1.2.3 LINEAR GRAY VALUE TRANSFORMATION (1)

gmn c2 c1 gmn c1 c2 c2 gmn

gmn c1 c2 c2 gmn

mit c1 0, c2 0

mit c1 0, c2 0
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1. IMAGE PREPROCESSING: 1.2 HOMOGENEOUS POINT OPERATIONS:

1.2.3 LINEAR GRAY VALUE TRANSFORMATION (2)

cmn2 c2 gmn 0
0gmn c1 c2 c2c1 g

gmn
c1 c2 c2 gmn c1 c2 c2 gmn 0
mit c1 0, c2 0

gmn c1 c2 c2 gmn
mit c1 0, c2 0

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1. IMAGE PREPROCESSING: 1.2 HOMOGENEOUS POINT OPERATIONS:

1.2.4 CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT

gmn '

255 gmn g min

g max g(min)

g max gmn g min

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1. IMAGE PREPROCESSING: 1.2 HOMOGENEOUS POINT OPERATIONS:

1.2.5 HISTOGRAM EQUALIZATION

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1. IMAGE PREPROCESSING: 1.2 HOMOGENEOUS POINT OPERATIONS:

1.2.6 CONTRAST AMPLIFICATION

gmn gt
k gmn
gmn '
p gt p gmn gt gmn gt

special case: k p

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1. IMAGE PREPROCESSING: 1.2 HOMOGENEOUS POINT OPERATIONS:

1.2.7 LUT WITH STEPS

g1 0 gmn gt1
g
2 gt1 gmn gt2
gmn '
.

gr gtr-1 gmn gtr

special case: g1 g2 ... gr

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