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    Beam Examples01 PDF

    Uploaded by

    Sinisa Gale Gacic

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Beams 211 4.5.2 Example 4.11: Deflection and Slope of a Uniform Cantilever ‘A uniform cantilever beam is shown in Figure 4.44 in which a 20 KN is applied at B as indicated. Determine the magnitude and direction of the deflection and slope at B. My 20KN A B Va 4.0m E and / are constant from A to B. Figure 4.44 ‘The bending moment diagrams for the applied load, a unit point load at B and a unit moment at B are shown in Figure 4.45. a centroid ofthe applied load ad bending moment diagram ae i 8 (Rta toma Ed 20kN 4.0m i. 10 aa A 8 eileen 10 ivowistinan FF 4 a 10 10 # Figure 4.45 Solution: L _ Mm &= fare ion ‘x’ due to the applied vertical load M=~ 20.0x ‘The bending moment at position ‘x° due to the applied unit vertical load m =~ x slog? a Mm=+202 +. &= [ea - [2] es) 2 3ET |, EI ‘The bending moment at position ‘x’ due to the applied unit moment at Bm 0 20x? |" Mm=+20r +. = [ma -[25] x=0 0 212. Examples in Structural Analysis L The product integral [Mm dx can be also be calculated as: ° (Area of the applied load bending moment diagram x the ordinate on the unit load bending ‘moment diagram corresponding to the position of the centroid of the applied load bending moment diagram), e.g. To determine the vertical deflection Area of the applied load bending moment diagram A = (0.5 x 4.0 x 80.0) = 160 kNm? Ordinate at the position of the centroid y= 2.67 m L L Joi dx = (160 x 2.67)= 426.67 Lt ac =+ 2667 ,, ! a To determine the slope: Area of the applied load bending moment diagram A = (0.5 x 4.0 x 80.0) = 160 kNm? Ordinate at the position of the centroid yao 2 L eg tlm, | 160 Le = (160 x 1.0) = 160 &= yey id \y 4.5.3 Example 4.12: Deflection and Slope of a Non—Uniform Cantilever Consider the same problem as in Example 4.11 in which the cross-section of the cantilever has a variable EJ value as indicated in Figure 4.46. Figure 4.46 The bending moment diagrams for the applied load, a unit point load at C and a unit moment at C are shown in Figure 4.47. 80kNm LSEl-——+ £1 _ Et | Mromana — f-—* 4 1 Gece ond 8 10 ys n Lo 10. B 7 ) N T 6 m . TSE 10 for wit oneta Ae | Figure 4.47 Beams 213 Solution: 1. = le In this case since (Mm/ET) is not a continuous function the product integral must be evaluated between each of the discontinuities, ic. C to Band B to A. 1 8 é c m=-x Mm = + 203° dog, , of ae = [208 | a4 $333 7. 3ar L El Consider the section from B to A: 2.0 [ita = [8822 a, = [88721 | (_as94a0 i: EI 4 al 3x ET ly 3x10.5x 450 +211. mm Consider the section from DtoC: 0< x < 2.0m M=-5.0x m=-10x 3. Mm=+5.0.2 Mm, _ 45.0x2 P _(_40.0x10° [FFa= Pa = See es a a ooo 3x10.5%450 = (0.55 + 2.11 +2.82)=+5.48 mm J a (a) “{ ‘Member AB ‘Member BCD: 220 Examples in Structural Analysis In the previous examples the product integrals were also determined us ng: load (the area of the applied bending moment diagram x ordinate on the uni bending moment diagram). In Table 4.1 coefficients are given to enable the rapid evaluation of product integrals for standard cases along lengths of beam where the E/ value is constant. z Product Integral ae de = (Coefficient x ax b x LVEI é L L L L m M ’ ’ > $ L . 10 0s 0.5 05 0.5 0.333 0.167 0.25 0.5 0.167 0.333 0.25 L y 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.333 ie . 0.667 0.333 0.333 0.417 “lim 0.333 0.25 0.083 0.146 ie f 0.333 0.083 0.25 0.146 Table 4.1 Consider the contribution from the beam BCD to the vertical deflection at D in Example 4.15. L Product Integral (= dx =¥ [Coefficient x ax b x LVET ° From (B to C) + (D to C)= [(0.333 x 10.0 x 2.0 x 1.5) + (0.333 x 10.0 x 2.0 x 2.0)VET =+23.31/ET i.e. same as [(2.11 + 2.82] calculated above. Beams 221 4.5.7 Example 4.16: Deflection of a Uniform Cantilever using Coefficients ‘A uniform cantilever beam is shown in Figure 4.55 in which a uniformly distributed load and a vertical load is applied as indicated. Using the coefficients in ‘Table 4.1 determine the magnitude and direction of the deflection at D. I2kN E and J are constant. Figure 4.55 The bending moment diagrams for the applied loads and a unit point load at B are shown in Figure 4.56. 48kNm ei im lm. a B c D M ori tat 12kN 8.0kNm 80KNm — 4.0kN/m A M wun. 80kN 60m mecwnvennaan F—*—4 Figure 4.56 Solution: Consider the unit load bending moment diagrams for both applied loads as the sum of rectangular and a triangular area as shown, 48.0 kKNm Point Load Bending Uniformly Distributed Load Moment Diagram Bending Moment Diagram 8.0 kN 6.0m ae 6.0m oo 2.0m ), point toad = [(0.5 x 48.0 x 2.0 x 4.0) + (0.333 x 48.0 x 4.0 x 4.0)/EI = 447.74/EI &, ue [(0.333 x 8.0 x 4.0 x 2.0) + (0.25 x 8.0 x 2.0 x 2.0) EI = 29.31/EI Soto = (447.74 + 29.31) /ED= + 477,05/ET 222. Examples in Structural Analysis 4.5.8 Problems: Unit Load Method for Deflection of Beams / Frames A series of statically-determinate beams/frames are indicated in Problems 4.16 to 4.23. Using the applied loading given in each case determine the deflections indicated. The relative values of Young’s Modulus of Elasticity (£), Second Moment of Area (I) and Cross-sectional area (4) are given in each case. 24 KN/m Determine the value of the vertical deflection at B given that E/ = 50.0 x 10° kNm? Problem 4.16 20kN = 8kN/m UT LC UU ECO Ppe x, 10m ff AEw EL ome Ely 4.0m Determine the value of the vertical deflection at B given: 0 kN/mm? Dreams = 14.6 x 10” mm* 70 kN/mm? Age = 80 mm? Aco = 120 mm? Problem 4.17 20 KN 20 kN The E/ value of the beam ABCD varies linearly from E/ at the supports A and D to 1.SEI at B and C respectively and is constant between B and C. Determine the value of the vertical deflection at B given that El = 15.0 x 10° kKNm? Problem 4.18 Beams 223 —= 10 kN/m 20 kN | Determine the value of the vertical deflection at G given that EJ = 5.0 x 10° 8.0m kNm? Problem 4.19 — 15 kN/m Determine the value of the vertical deflection at A given: Escam = 205 KN/mm? Toeam= 60.0 x 10° mm* Ecp = 205 KN/mm? Acp = 50mm? Problem 4.20 90.0 x 10° mm* 1500 mm? Problem 4.21 224 Examples in Structural Analysis pin-jointed frame 900m Determine the value of the vertical deflection at D given: Trea = 500.0 x 10° mm* Eseam = 205 KN/mm? Aux tne enters = 4000 mm? Ei ave menters = 205 kN/mm? Problem 4.22 eer —e The El value of the cantilever ABC varies linearly from 2E]/ at the fixed support to E/ at B and is constant from B to C. Determine the value of the vertical deflection at F and at C given: Elessiever Ave = 1080 x 10° KNmv?, EA, eave meners = 300 x 10° KN Problem 4.23 Beams 225 Solution Topic: Statically Determinate Beams/Frames ~ Deflection Using Unit Load Problem Number: 4.16 Page No. 1 Support Reactions Congider the rotational equilibrium of the bear te JEMA=0 + (24.0% 3.0)(4.5) - (Vy x 7.5) =0 Vo =+ 43.2 kN f Consider the vertical equilibrium of the beam: tvef EF=0 + V,-(24.0%3.0)4 %p=0 Vy=+28.8 kN f | 24kNim 7 Lc Applied load El Unit load (Mm/ED is not a continuous function and the product integral must be evaluated | between each of the discontinuities, ic. A to B, D to C and C to B. 226 Examples in Structural Analysis Solution Topic: Determinate Beams/Frames — Deflection Using Unit Load Problem Number: 4.16 Page No.2 Consider the section from D to C: O: | ( Area As; | [—* cx = [(0.5 % 21.6 x 0.6 x 3.0) + (0.333 x 21.6 x 1.2 x 3.0)VEI= 45.33/ET Area As: I ae &= x (Coefficient x ax bx L)/ EL 64.78 + 155.36 + 233.28 + 45.33 + 19.42)50.0 x 10°= 0.0102 m = 10.2 mm Beams 227 Solution jie: Determinate Beams/Frames — Deflection Using Unit Load (64,83 + 155.52 + 233.28 + 45.36 + 19.44)/50.0 x 10° = 0.0104 m= 10.37 mm i 3.0m 27kNm dx = [(0.667 x 27 x 0.6 x 3.0) + (0.333 x 27 x 1.2 x 3.0)VEI = 64.78/ET 3.0m. 86.4 kN. 1.8 x 3.0VE/= 155.36/EF dx = (0.333 x 3.0m TM 64.8kNm 0 x 64.8 x 0.6 x 3.0) + (0.5 x 64.8 x 1.2 x 3.0)VEI = 233.28/ET i 21.6 kNm 18m Lsm 06m 64.8 kNm dx = (0.333 x 64.8 x 0.6 x I.S/EI= 19.42/EI 228 Examples in Structural Analysis Determine the value of the vertical deflection at B given: Ercan = 9.0 KN/mm? , Iream = 14.6 10° mm* Exranicy = 170kN/mm? Aye = 80 mm? Ac = 120 mm? EI= (9.0 x 14.6 x 10°)/10° = 131.4 x 10° kNav AE ny = (80.0 x 170.0) = 13.6 x 10°KN; — AEcy = (120.0 x 170.0) = 20.4 x 10° KN “ia ee, Consider the beam ABC: Support Reactions Consider the rotational equilibrium of the beam: ve .)ZMy = 0 + (8.0 x 8.0)(4.0) + (20.0 x 4.0) ~ (Ve x 8.0) = 0 ECD A Ve=+42.0 KN it Consider the vertical equilibrium of the beam: vet EFy=0 +Vq~20.0-(8.0 x 8.0) + Fe=0 2 Vy=+420KN ff Applied loads 42.0 kN Unit load (Mm/ED) is not a continuous funetion the prod each ofthe discontinuities, te, A to B and C to B. fMm _'tMm | “¢Mm = fae = a OF Far * Ver Beams 229 Solution Topic: Determinate Beams/Frames — Deflection Using Unit Load Problem Number: 4.17 Page No. 2 Consider the section from A toB: 0 °( Coefficient axbx L)/2EL = (0.333 x 16.0 x 2.0 x 4.0VET+ (0.333 x 104.0 x 2.0 x 4.0VET + (0.333 x 16.0 x 2.0 x 4.0)/2EI + (0.333 x 104.0 x 2.0 x 4.0)/2E1 = 479.5/ET Beams 231 Solution Topic: Determinate Beams/Frames — Deflection Using Unit Load Problem Number: 4.18 ‘The E/ value of the beam ABCD varies linearly from E/ at the supports A and D to 1.SEI at B and C respectively and is constant between B and C. Determine the value of the vertical deflection at B given that £ = 15.0 x 10° kNm? Consider beam ABCD Support Reactions Consider the rotational equilibrium of the beam: +tve,)EM,=0 + (20.0 x 2.0) + (20.0 x 5.0) =(Vpx7.0)= 0 «. Yy=+20.04KN f Consider the vertical equilibrium of the beam: tre f EF/=0 + Vy—20.0~20.0+ Vp=0 Va=+200kN f 20kN 20kN S Applied load ear TSE * ae 20.0 kN [| ce 7 ji Mo 029 fae b= (Mm/E/) is not a continuous function and the product integral must be evaluated between each of the discontinuities, i.e. A to B, D to C and C to B. Unit load Consider the section from A toB: 0 . Age = + 8.0 KN? Ay =~ (0.5 x 0.5 x 4.0) = = 1.0 kNm*, yo =~ 0.83 m 2. Agyy = + 0.83 KNm? 238 Examples in Structural Analysis Solution Topic: Determinate Beams/Frames — Defle Problem Number: 4.19 Page No. 5 7. fea = D(AvVEL El + 5.0 - 0.07 - 0.26 ~ 4.69 — 24.0 ~ 20.8 + 8.0 + 0.83)/E1 & = — 35.99/F1 = — (35.99/5.0 x 10°) m=— 7.20 mm if Using the coefficients given in Table 41: = 3°" (Coefficientxaxbx L)/ El ‘Mm Area Ap: oe = + (0.167 x 5.0 x 1.0 x 6.0VET= + 5.0/E1 Area «| =~ (0.333 x 1.25 x 0.167 x 1.OVEI =~ 0.07/ET Area af rena | dx = ~ [(0.5 x 4.17 x 0.167 x 5.0) + (0.167 x 4.17 x 0.83 x 5.0)VEI =~ 4.63/E1 fe = — (0.333 x 26.67 x 0.67 x 4.0EI = — 23.80/ET ~ {(0.5 x 26.67 x 0.67 x 2.0) + (0.167 x 26.67 x 0.33 x 2.0)VET =-20.81/ET Pita +0030 40s 0. 60ye- + 8.0/ET = + [(0.5 x 4.0 x 0.5 x 0.5) + (0.333 x 4.0 x 0.5 x 0.5)VET = + 0.83/EF 5.0 — 0.07 — 0.23 ~ 4.63 - 23.80 — 20.81 + 8.0 + 0.83)/ET=-35.71/ET (35.71/5.0 x 10°) m=~7.14 mm Beams 239 Solution Topic: Determinate Bcams/Frames — Deflection Using Unit Load Problem Number: 4.20 Page No. 1 SKN 15kNim CULTIST en ja El TSEL 6.0m 80m Determine the value of the vertical deflection at A given: Excan = 205 kN/mm’, Freay = 60.0 «10° mm* 05 KN/mm’, Ay = 50 mm EI = (205 x 60 x 10°V10° = 12.3 x 10° kNm? AB co = (50.0 205.0) = 10.25 x 10° KN \ AE 15kNim L i= (Mar +y(Sy| co El é Consider the beam ABC: Support Reactions Consider the rotational equilibrium of the beam: tye ,)EMy= 0 ~ (5.0 x 2.0) + (15.0 x 8.0 x 2.0) — (Ve x 6.0) = 0 ~ Ve=+38.33 kN f Consider the vertical equilibrium of the beam: tet EF,=0 + Yq —5.0-(15.0 x 8.0) + Ke =+86.67kN SKN ISkNim Applied loads 86.67 KN Unit load 240 Examples in Structural Analysis Solution Topic: Determinate Beams/Frames — Deflection Using Unit Load Problem Number: 4.20 Page No. 2 (M/E) is not a continuous function and the product integral must be evaluated between each of the discontinuities, ie. A to Band C to B. Consider the section from A to B: 0Sx<2,0m M=—5.0x ~ 15.0x°/2 =~ 5.0x - 7.57 Mm = (- 5.0x - 7.5x°)(x) = $.0x7 + 7.58" [s.0x* 7.5x4 43.33 de = +m EI (30 "4Er |, El Consider the section from C to B: 0

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