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Equilibrium Constant
Jose Pintor
July 02, 2012
Abstract
In this experiment, the whole was carried out in order to find the
absorbency of a molar concentration.
To find out the equilibrium constant using e expressed equation.
[ ]
=
[+ ][ ]
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1. Purpose
2. Introduction
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involves the solution again and how it absorbs the light being transmitted.
The amount of light absorbed is directly proportional to the concentration to
the substance that is absorbing. A major part of this experiment is measuring
equilibrium constant. When we think of equilibrium we think of a system
that is balanced. In this case the reaction has ended between the substances
that will be used in this experiment which are + and . When this
. Now we can go
[+ ][ ]
ahead and begin with the experiment. One other technique being used is
Beers law. This law is used to understand the relationship between the
absorption of light and the material it has to travel through. This law can be
summarized as
3. Procedure
The experiment will consist of two parts. To start the first experiment you
will need six volumetric flasks. You must clean them as to remove any debris
from inside of it. If not done so the calculations obtained from it may not be
valid. They must be cleaned and dried thoroughly. If any water is left inside
it may result in the dilution of the product. Once that is complete, each flask
will be marked with a number from 0-5. Each flask will have the same
amount of solution. The solutions are 0.2M Fe(NO3)3 of which 10ml will be
placed in each. Then we have .001M NaSCN. With this solution you will have
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to place (ml) according to the number you assigned to the flask. Lets say you
chose flask number 3, you will add 3ml to that flask. You need not add any
into flask number 0. Flask 0 will be known as your blank solution. You must
measure out theses two precisely as to not get to much deviation in your
calculations. The final solution being added to the flask will be 0.1M HNO3.
This solution does not have to be measured out in the graduated cylinder
because the flask will have a mark at which to fill to. Once you have mixed
all three solutions into the flask, you will then transfer them into cuvets.
These will hold a portion of your solution. With them, you will then measure
the absorbance by using the spectrophotometer. You will need to calibrate
the device first which should be set at 447nm for it to give you an accurate
reading. Once that is established you must wipe the cuvets clean of debris.
Place it into the spectrophotometer and follow the directions visible on the
screen. Once you have done this for every single sample. Use the data
recorded to determine the absorption rate of your standard solutions. You
will do this by plotting your points on a graph and from there you will draw
a line connecting the plotted points together. From here you can determine
the calibration curve which the instructor will have to approve. Once the
instructor has approved your recordings based on your graph, you may
proceed to the second part of the experiment. This portion of the experiment
is done in order to calculate the calibration curve. Start off this experiment
by obtaining an additional six volumetric flasks but this time around they
will be 10ml flasks. Now obtain 5ml samples of .002M Fe(NO3)3 and place
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them into every flask. After that is completed, do not forget to clean the
graduated cylinder for every different solution being used. You then measure
out the appropriate ml and place then to the corresponding flask. Finally,
0.01M HNO3 will be added to fill the remaining portion of the flask. Once
the samples are placed into the cuvet, we step on over to the
spectrophotometer at which we perform the same techniques already visited
earlier. From here we can determine the calibration curve based on the
plotted points in the graph. Here is the data that was gathered on my behalf:
4. Experimental Data
A. Standard Solutions to Establish Calibration
Curve
[Fe(NO3)3]
0.200
[NaSCN]
0.001
Blank
0.000001
0.000002
0.000003
0.000004
0.0000
05
0.00004
0.00008
0.00012
0.00016
0.0002
[FeSCN2+]
0.00004
0.00008
0.00012
0.00016
0.0002
Absorbance (AU)
0.097
0.221
0.351
0.462
0.606
mx =
3039.300
b=
-0.014
y=
B. Absorbance for Test Solutions
[Fe(NO3)3]
0.002
[NaSCN]
0.002
M
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10
0.00001
0.00001
0.00001
0.00001
0.00001
0.000002
0.000004
0.000006
0.000008
0.00001
0.096
0.201
0.324
0.422
0.526
10
C. Calculation of Kc
2+
Kc =
3.63242E05
3.63242E07
[FeSCN 2+ ]
230.29257 231.75600 256.39900 255.41665 263.02144
[Fe 3+ ][SCN ]
4
91
02
97
31
Average Kc
247.3771372
Std. Dev. Kc
15.22066183
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y = 3039.3x - 0.0144
R = 0.9976
Absorbance, AU
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
0.00005
-0.1
0.0001
0.00015
0.0002
0.00025
[FeSCN2+], M
5. Calculations.
[Fe(NO3)3]this value is a given Value
[NaSCN]this value is a given value
[FeSCN ]--
Absorbance (AU) the absorbance rate was established using the spectrophotometer with
our standard sloutions
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9.6367106 3.63107
.01
1.6367106 3.63107
3.63105
9.6367104 1.63104
.01
[FeSCN 2+ ]
Kc =
[Fe 3+ ][SCN ]
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Average Kc= all Listed values are added and devided by 5. =247.3771372
230.292574 231.7560091 256.3990002
255.4166597
263.0214431
7. Conclusion
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valid. When the data was analyzed, we went ahead and began the second
experiment. After the completion of the final experiment we compared our
findings to the actual concentration of our Kc value. Now that you have
experienced this, I hope that you may have a clear understaning of this
laboratory experiment tiltled the Equilibrium Constant.
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