UDC 621.622.71 :669.14,018.25 In case of changes this printout is nol taken into account! ‘Besides ths ls @ copy and only for irhouse purposes of 'SMS Schloamann-Siemag AG, (aco. lo DIN reference sheet 2) (No art of tis standerd may be rsoreduead without the erie persion ck OW Osutsenes isi th enze of Goubt the German-language otginal shatkd be conaiad a the author DEUTSCHE NORM Finished steel balls for rolling bearings \Walzlager; Kugeln aus durchhartendem Walzlagerstahl This standard, together with DIN $401 Part 2, Novernber 1993 edition, supersedes DIN 5401, January 1978 dition. In kooping with current practice in standards published by the Intemational Organization for Standardization (ISO), ‘a comma has been used throughout as the decimal marker. See Explanatory notes for connection with Intemational Standard ISO 9290;1975 published by the International Organization for Standarcization (ISO) Dimensions in mm, 1 Scope and field of application This standard specifies requirements for fished stool balls for roling bearings. Such balls are also suitable {or use in otter technical elds. ‘Subject to agreement, balls of sizes other than those specified in table 1 may be ordered in accordance with this standard. 2 Symbols and concepts 24 Nominal ball diameter, 2, ‘The diameter value used to identity a ball size. 2.2 Single diameter of a ball, D,, ‘The distance between two parallel planes tangent to the surface of a ball 2.3 Mean diameter of a ball, Dy, ‘The arithmetic mean of the largest and the smallest actual single diameters, Dy, ofa Dall. 2.4 Bali diameter variation, V:)., The difference between the largest and smaliest actual single diameters, D,., of one ball 2.5 Deviation from spherical form, i), ‘The greatest radial distance in any radial plano between a sphere circumscribed around the ball surface and any point on the ball surface, Information regarding the measurement of the deviation ‘rom spherical form Is given in appendix B. 26 Lot For the purposes of this standard, a lot is @ definite ‘quantity of balls manufactured under conditions which ‘aro presumed uniform, and which ig considered an entity 2.7 Lot mean diameter, Dam. The arithmetic maan of the mean diameter of the Fargost ball and that of the smallest ball, Dre, 2.8 Lot diameter variation, Vin, The citference between the mean diameter of the targest ball and that of tho smallest bal, Dy. 19 lok This definition only applies to ball grades G 3 t0 G 200. ‘Bauth rag GMBH, Deh, has We acres Nght taal er Garman Slandares (DI Norman) a9, 2.9 Ball gauge tolerance, 5 Range within which Demy, may vary for a particular ball gauge, ‘The amount Sis equal to the ball gauge interval, fg. 210 Ball diameter variation within a gauge, Vows The difference between the largest and the smallest moan gauge diameters, yrs, established for a particular gauge, ‘This definition only applies to ball grades G500 to G70, 231 Gauge interval, /<; One of the intervals into which the deviation of the ‘nominal diamotor of a bal is divided. 232 Ball grade ‘A specific combination of dimensional, form and sorting tolerances, and of surface roughness. A ball grade is identified by a number and the preceding letter symbol G 213 Ball gauge, S The amount by which a moan bal diameter of a iot (for Vows) OF of SUBS of @ 10t (FOF Vow, ditfers from tho" nominal ball diameter, D., rounded to a whole rmaltiple of the ball gaugo interval. 244 Gauge deviation, AS The dliference between the lot mean dlamoter, Dam and the sum of the nominal diameter, L... and the bal ‘gauge, 5 (cl. appendix Aj, i. AS= Dum, ~ (Du * 3) 245 Arithmetical mean deviation of the profile, R Surface roughness comprises all those irreguiwities of ‘the surface which are conventionally defined within a section of the area where doviations of form and waviness are eliminated, ‘The surface roughness tolerances given in table 3 refer to the arithmetical mean deviation of the profile, Ry, evaluated according to the method specified in DIN 4768. Continued on pages 210 7 November 1993 ‘DIN 5401 Part! Engl Price group & Sale No. 0108Page 2 DINS401 Part 1 216 Hardness Moasure of resistance to penetration as determined by ‘specific methods. The values indicated in table 2 refer to Vickers hard- ness (HV) and. Rockwell hardness (HRC) determined by the methods specified in DINSO103 Part1 and DIN 50133 respectively. 3. Dimensions and designation The nominal diameters of steel balls to which pret- erence should be given are epeciied in table 1. Designation of ball with a nominal diamow, Di, of 5 mm, assigned to grace G5 Ball DIN 5401 - 6G5. ‘Table 1: Nominal diameters and mass of stee! balls Approximate mass Approximate mass ‘Nominal ball diameter, ar 1000 units ‘per 1000 units Dy (785 g/cm), (785 g/om?), in kG 03 0.00014 0397 0,000 26 04 0,000 26 Os 0.00051 9508 0,000 54 og 0,000 89 9835 0,001 05 or 0.001 41, 0,794 0,002 06 of 9.00210 1 0,004 11 4191 0.00694 12 0.0071 15 90139 1588 o0165 1,984 0032 1 2 00329 2381 9,055 5 25 0.0642 2778 0,088 1 3 ott 3178, 0,132 35, 0176 3572 0,187 3969 0.257 4 0.263 4366 0,342 45 0,75 4762 O4aa 5 514 55. 0684 S556 0,708 5953 0967 6 625 65 6747 1,26 7 tah 7148 1,50 173 176 206 (continued) laDINS401 Pant} Pages. Table 1 (concluded) Teonaiones roproiate mas canal vominavorcanew. | “Ree oberfe ein dame, | peu Dy (785 g/cm?), Dy ak ‘inkg aes rr wa was us Hae ae ate ‘$3 # Ba 8 a ma 4 son 359 26 722 ‘53,975 646 26,388 808 55 684 28 90,2 S715 ‘767 (28575 95,9 60 888 30 At 60,325 902, 20387 ug 5 rose ae iS By 1% 7 S Sars ie 33,338 152 6985 1401 = ‘e Se, 1 Seas e me iho 3 176 79375 2056 36 192 8255. 2312 (36512 200 85,725 2589 38 228 wa 2688 92,075 95,25 4 Material and hardness Balls shall be made of steel as specified in DIN 17 230 and have a hardnoss as specified in table 2 Table 2: Hardness Dy 7 Hardness") Upto 127 740 ta 900 HV10"+) 508 60to 66 HRC 70 S910 6SHRC 70 120 S7to 63HRC 150 9510 61 HRC *) Surface hardness. ‘The hardness valves specilied are achieved by heat treatment, During subsequent processing, work hardening in tne surface zone may lead to the upper hardness limit in that zone being slightly exceeded The core hardness of big balls may be slightly lower than the values measured In the sur face zone. "*) The hardness may, instead, be 62 to 67 HAC, the Vickers hardness being relevantPage 4 DIN 5401 Part 1 5 Design 5.41 Dimensional and form tolerances, and ‘surface roughness ‘Table 3: Dimensional and form tol ind surface roughness, fei Sp Preterred gauges ym Bm 0s [5-05] 0 | +05 +5 1 -1 fo] iss 1 <1 fo | +149 2 feo..-2 fo} 42...+10 2 |-1..-2 [of +2..+10 2 |-v..-2 | o | +2.+12 4 fewca fo | +4. +16 10 |-40...-10 | 0 [+10..+40 15 [-60...-15 | 0 | -15...+60 = | | sn so] 50 <0 fo] +50 2 | 50 | sis 75 | 75 <1 fo] +75 so | 7 js | | 2 | - | — | 100} 100 | -100 | o| +100 7m | 190 Jsws faz [ae | - | - | ssf | -12 fo] +15 wo | ws |sas fs3 [3a | - | - | 150] 150 | -159 | o |] +150 we | 50 | +res fas fae | - | = | as fas | ss |o] sss Goon) | ausizes. | £200 - | -]- | wl] - = 0 - e700) | Ausies | 1000 - | - | = [em] - = 0 = 1) In some cases and subject to agreement between customer and manufacturer, hall the gauge interval values ‘may be used for grades G 16, G 20 and G 28, 2) Not spacified in 180 9290. Grade is not identical with class V as specified in DIN 5401, January 1978 edition, except or Vows vahies for D,, up to $0 mm, 2) Not specified in ISO 3290, Grade is identical with clascos VI and Vil as specified in DIN S401. 4) Vaiuos rotate to tho mean diameter of a ball, yn 5) ‘Cut-off as in DIN 4768, May 1990 edition. NOTE: The quatty of rolling bearings is also a functon of the waviness and anpearance of the surface. Since there is no recognized practice at international level in this field, the requirements for these characteristics, should be agreed between customer and supplier. 5.2 Condition on supply Balls shall bo supplied with corrosion protection appliod, Each gauge lot shall be packed separately. When indicaling the gaugo, the letter P may be used to denote plus, M, minus and ¥. 2e°0, Where no particular agreement has been made, the ball gauge supplied shall be at the manufacturers discretion, f a consignment consists of several packs, gach pack shall contain balls of one particular gauge, Different packs may, however, Contain balls of diferent gauges Packs containing balls of the same gauge should not be mixed up, since the gauge deviation, AS, may vary. The package shail bear an inscription giving the bali nominal diameter, grade and gauge. Example of marking for balls with a nominal diameter, L,.. ot 6 mm, ball grade G 5 and gauge + 5{P3): 6G5P3DIN S40} Part Page S Appendix A illustration of gauges and sorting principles ‘Ai. Gauge, gauge interval and sorting tolerance Figure At A2_ Details of sorting parameter, Vinx, (applies to grades G 3 to G 200) Vow. ~ ‘Smallest ballin a lot Largest ballin a lot Lotwity minimum Danas F—F—7 $=] Lotwith maxirum Dyas toberelenedio garge’s L_1 | Dent. Be tobe retenedto gauge 8 Figure A AS Details of sorting parameter, V‘p,,, (applies to grades G 600 to G 700) Vows Gauge scale Gauge § Figure A3Page DIN 5401 Part 1 Appendix 8 Measurement of deviation from spherical form B41 Method using roundness measuring instrument (relevant test method) Considering the wide range of sizes of steel balls for rong bearings. measurement ot deviation trom sphert gal form may be a ciffcult and lengthy process requi- ing special equipment. In practice, this measurement is made by numerically evaluating the ball profil, in two or three equatorial planes at 90° to each ether, as recorded on a polar chart which shows the measured protlos. The measured profile is a graphical representation of the bals radial deviations, nighly magnified, which are recorded as other the ball or a contacting stylus is precisely rotated about the ball axis, The accuracy of spindle rotation and the sensitivity of the transducer should be within 0,025 um. Because of the high radial magnification, some care must be taken in interpreting the polar charts, and there are several ‘commonly used procedures for finding the radial separ- ion of the measured profile trom a perlect circle. The ‘mminimum circumscribed. circke' method is_relatvely simple and generally satisfactory for ball proties, as 1s also the assumption that two or three equatorial profiles ‘at 80" to gach other are a good indicatton of doviation {rom spherical form, 1 the test method described in clause B1 is not prac- {icable, measurement may be cavried out as specified in clause 8.2 In arbiration cases, the method described in this clause shall be relevant. B.2 Method using Vee-block measurements (optional) Deviation trom spherical form of steet balls for roling bearings may result in equatorial proties having two or ‘moro waves or radial deviations rom a pertect ciel. Measuring single diameters of a ball wil give a good indication of out-of-roundness for two waves or even numbers of waves but may fail to detect or properly measure out-of-roundness having odd numbers of waves. For medium and large balis it \s practical 19 use a Vee-block measuring arrangement (arranged as shown in figure B.) to measure tho out-ol-roundness of tho profile having odd numbers of waves. Table 81 The angle of the Vee has a pronounced infiyence on the indicator reading and no one angle is adeauale fer all wave numbers, The most practical Veo angles appear to be 90" and 120°, and the magnification factor which expresses the ratio’ of the indicator reading to the actual wave height 9F ceviation from spherical form is shown i table Bt ‘To determine the deviation from spherical form, divide the indicator reading by this factor. Where the number of waves in the profile is unknown, which is most usual, readings in three planes at 90° to each other should be taken using a single diameter (two-poini) measuring arrangemont and on both the 90 “and 120" vee-block (three-point) measuring arrangements. Dividing the highest reading obtained with elther Vee~ block measuring arrangement by a factor of 2 to dolor ‘mine the deviation trom spherical form for odd num bers of waves is considered acceptable, 4 i i A 8 Figure B1: Vee-block measuring arrangement The point of stylus/ball contact shall be on axis A— A which is the bissector of the Vee and axis BB which is the axis of the ball; algo the spindle of the indicator shall be in alignment with axes A~ A and BB. Magnification factorDIN S401 Pan’! Page 7 Standards referred to DIN 4768 Determination of surtace roughness parameters X,, R,, and Ring using electric stytus insite ments; concepts and measuring conditions iN 17230 Stee! for roling beavings; technical delivery condivons DIN 50103 Part + Rockwell hardness testing of metalic materia; C. A,B, F scales DIN 50133 Vickers hardness testing of metalic materials; HV 02 to HV 100 180 8290:1975 Rolling bearings; bearing parts; balls fer coling bearings Previous editions DIN’ $401-01:53, 0456, 1159, 0164, 0178. Amendments. In comparison with the January 1978 odition of DIN 5401, this standard has been revised on the lines of International Standard ISO 3290: 1975 and split into Part 1 and Part 2, Part dealing with steel balls (except stainless steel}, and Part 2, with balls of other selected materials. International Patent Classitication F 16 039/32