CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION
A. Background
Information technology has been growing very rapidly. If observed, every
decade, there was significant growth of information technology. Starting from the
era of accounting (1950), then to the era of operational in 1960), the information
age that began in 1970 (denghan skalalokal) to information technology with
global scale that began in the early 1990s, information technology has undergone
many changes significant. At this time, information technology has penetrated
many sides of life of the community without distinction of caste and social status
of society, technology is no longer classified as goods secondary but it is
something that is primary and "mandatory" in the have and understand it by each
community.
Problems that occur at this time is that people (in a passive scale) are still
not able to access information technology directly though on a small scale. This is
the main obstacle in the development of technology in general. In addition to the
above-mentioned problems, also information technology today is an absolute
owned and implemented by all companies, agencies and institutions in the life
cycle works. The fact that the group that rules the world is a group who master
information technology is based on the description above then we are here trying
to explain one of the existing hardware on a computer that is very important to
know in general that on the introduction of technology monitor.

B. Formulation Of The Problem

The formulation of the problem in this paper is:
- Knowing what it monitors.
- Knowing the type - the type of monitor.
- Knowing the advantages and disadvantages of each type of monitor
CHAPTER II

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DISCUSSION
Monitor is one of the computer hardware that is used to display the output
results of the processing performed by the graphics card or the computer's
memory so it can be viewed by the user, whether it be the data view text, images,
and video.
The price of a monitor can be affected by several factors, among others:
1. Screen Size
The larger the screen size of a monitor, the higher the price. The most
common monitor sizes are 14 ", 15", 17 "and 19", but the Monitor now appear
in various sizes from 14 "to 42".
2. Resolution (the amount of detail that can be provided by a monitor)
The greater the number of pixels, the larger the image, while the pixel
itself is a smallest point of a graphic. Various sizes on the monitor resolution is
640x480, 800x600, 1024x768, 1280x1024, 1600x1200.
3. Dot pitch (amount of space between Pixel)
Dot pitch is the distance between two adjacent pixels and is measured in
millimeters. The smaller the dot pitch, the more vivid colors generated.
4. Refresh Rate ( screen display refresh rate )
The higher the refresh rate, the display will be more stable.
5. Pixels ( element image )
The display screen is composed of pixels or small dots, pixels are
arranged in rows across the screen. Each pixel consists of the 3 colors : Red,
Green, Blue ( RGB ).
6. Video RAM ( VRAM )
Memory that is owned by the video card. The higher the VRAM in the
video card, the more colors that can be displayed. The video card also sends
signals to control the refresh rate.

7. Color Depth

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Number of different colors in each pixel can be displayed. It is

measured in bits. The higher the depth, the more colors produsced.
8. Display Color
Color are made by changing the light intensity of the three primary colors.
The Types Of Monitors
1. Monitor CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)

Maybe this monitor can be categorized in the category of old school

monitor. Why is that? Because this type of monitor is long enough to fly in
the world of electronics. Display monitor emission generated from high-speed
electron beam in a vacuum tube. Then the beam of cathode ray screens this
will pound that is flouroscent (fluoresce when subjected to light). The
collision of electrons or the cathode to form a pattern on the screen.
Meanwhile, the cathode ray will continually pounding the screen according to
the input that has previously been converted into units of electromagnetic
waves.
The advantage of using this type of monitor is a relatively cheap price. In
addition to having the advantage, CRT type monitor also has the disadvantage
of a large enough electrical power usage of about 300-400 watts and eyes get
tired because of the emission of electromagnetic radiation exposed to this
type of monitor.
2. Monitor LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)

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LCD Monitor is a media type that uses liquid crystal display as the main
ingredient. LCD type is already very popular used in many electronic goods
such as televisions, computer screens, calculators, etc. Currently the LCD
screen has been dominating for notebook or laptop because it requires low
power, very light weight, thin shape, the heat generated little and has high
resolution.
The advantage of using this LCD monitor is in addition to the model is
sleek and does not take place, another advantage is the highly-efficient LCD
monitors use about 20 watts of electrical power and low radiation. The
disadvantage is the type of LCD monitor prices are relatively more expensive,
and in case of damage the LCD monitor is much more expensive in terms of
spare parts than any CRT monitor. Monitor type LCD is also vulnerable
because it is easily scratched, dead pixels, so that the position of the pixel
leaked image can not be displayed.

3. Monitor LED (Light Emiting Diode)

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Monitor type LED (Light Emitting Diode) technology with nearly the
same as the LCD. LED is a further development of LCD display which has
the effect of an increase in color display that has a quality and more color
variation.
Some types of LED monitors have a function and the more advanced
features in the appeal as their type of LCD monitor touch screen technology,
the internet and digital TV Digital TV tuner. LED monitors are also
considered to be able to save the power consumption up to 40% -70% if
compared to the LCD with the ability to produce extremely sharp images.
Some of the advantages of LED monitors is such a contrast, sharp images up
to millions of pixels, use much less power efficient than LCDs, the service
life is longer, more slim and better lighting in the appeal monitor LCD type.
In terms of types of LED monitors shortage of course the price is still
relatively more expensive that many users who still prefer CRT type monitor
or LCD, LED monitor shortfall next is likely to be more sensitive.

4. Monitor Plasma

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Type plasma monitor is a combination between CRT and LCD technology.

The presence of plasma monitor is able to make the screen becomes thinner
resemble LCD and CRT-wide viewing angle. Some of the advantages of
plasma monitor type is found in the quality of which resembles a CRT display
with a high contrast is 10000: 1. Besides plasma also has excellent color and
shape look slimmer.
In terms of disadvantages, of course, the plasma has a relatively expensive
price, so that users often still choose to use the old type monitor it more
affordable, than that of plasma also has a large pixel pitch size and power
consumption and high temperature operasioanl. How it works plasma monitor
is a flat-screen emisif where the light is generated by phosphorus detected a
plasma discharge between two flat screens. The released gases do not release
mercury. Type plasma monitor using a full color flat panel phosphor to display
images and color reproduction so the combination that produced very good's
qualitative and interactive.

5. Monitor OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode)

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Monitor Type OLED is a light-emitting semiconductor as made from the

organic layer. OLED itself is used in technologies such elektroluminesasi on
screen display and sensor applications, is famous for its technological
sophistication over felxibel with attenuation of less than 1 mm.
OLED created from structures consisting of layers of glass made of tin
oxide-indium as the positive electrode, or anode, an organic layer of diamine
aromatic having a thickness of 750 nm, a layer of light-emitting made of
compound metal complexes such as 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum and
electrode layer negative or cathode is made from magnesium alloy and silver
by atomic ratio of 10: 1. Overall construction layer is not more than 500 nm,
which means that the same OLED thin sheet of paper.
The use of OLED monitor is still very rarely used, because the price is still
quite expensive. OLED monitors are widely used in mobile phone technology
such as the latest smartphone that the screen uses OLED technology where
pixels are supported approximately 16 million colors that make images or the
results of the resulting photo looks very clear, sharp eyes appear like the
original picture.

CHAPTER III
CONCLUSION

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Monitor is one of the most important hardware of the computer, which is

used to display images on the screen. Mor eover monitor is also a useful tool
for interacting output between the computer user. The more pixels on the
screen, the better the resolution. The higher the resolution of the screen, the
better the quality of the display on the monitor. The smaller the dot pitch, the
more vivid colors generated. The better the characteristics of the monitor, the
more expensive.

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