Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dk fodkl

d{kk 11 osQ fy, ikB~;iqLrd

2015-16

ISBN

Fke laLdj.k
vizSy 2006 oS'kk[k 1928
iqueZq .k
tuojh 2007 ek?k 1928
uoacj 2007 dkrd 1929
ekpZ 2009 iQkYxqu 1930
tuojh 2010 ek?k 1931
tuojh 2011 ek?k 1932
vxLr 2012 Jko.k 1934
vizSy 2013 pS=k 1935
ebZ 2014 oS'kk[k 1936
fnlacj 2014 ikS"k 1936
PD 20T RPS

jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku vkSj

f'k{k.k ifj"kn~ ] 2006

81-7450-582-2

lokZf/dkj lqjf{kr
q

dk'kd dh iwoZ vuqefr osQ fcuk bl dk'ku osQ fdlh Hkkx dks Nkiuk
rFkk bysDVkW fudh] e'khuh] iQksVksfrfyfi] fjdkWfMZx vFkok fdlh vU;
fof/ ls iqu% ;ksx ifr }kjk mldk laxzg.k vFkok lkj.k oftZr gSA
bl iqLrd dh fch bl 'krZ osQ lkFk dh xbZ gS fd dk'kd dh iwoZ
vuqefr osQ fcuk ;g iqLrd vius ewy vkoj.k vFkok ftYn osQ
vykok fdlh vU; dkj ls O;kikj }kjk m/kjh ij] iqufoZ; ;k fdjk,
ij u nh tk,xh] u csph tk,xhA
bl dk'ku dk lgh ewY; bl i`"B ij eqfzr gSA jcM+ dh eqgj vFkok
fpidkbZ xbZ iphZ (fLVdj) ;k fdlh vU; fof/ }kjk vafdr dksbZ Hkh
la'kksf/r ewY; xyr gS rFkk ekU; ugha gksxkA

,u lh bZ vkj Vh osQ izdk'ku izHkkx osQ dk;kZy;

,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- oSaQil
Jh vjfoan ekxZ
u;h fnYyh 110 016

iQksu % 011&26562708

108] 100 iQhV jksM

gsyh ,DlVsas'ku] gksLMsosQjs
cuk'kadjh III bLVst
cSaxywj 560 085

iQksu % 080&26725740

uothou VLV Hkou

Mkd?kj uothou
vgenkckn 380 014

iQksu % 079&27541446

lh-MCY;w-lh- oSaQil
fudV% /udy cl LVkWi ifugVh
dksydkrk 700 114

iQksu % 033&25530454

lh-MCY;w-lh- dkWEIySDl
ekyhxkao
xqokgkVh 781021

iQksu % 0361&2674869

70.00

dk'ku lg;ksx

,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- okVjekoZQ 80 th-,l-,eisij ij eqfnzrA

dk'ku izHkkx esa lfpo] jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd
vuqla/ku vkSj f'k{k.k ifj"kn~] Jh vjfoan
ekxZ] ubZ fnYyh 110 016 }kjk dkf'kr
rFkk Jh jke fizaVlZ] Mh&6] lsDVj&63]
uks,Mk&201 301 }kjk eqfnzrA

v;{k] dk'ku izHkkx % ,u- osQ- xqIrk

eq[; mRiknu vfkdkjh % dY;k.k cuthZ
eq[; laiknd
% 'osrk mIiy
eq[; O;kikj ca/d
% xkSre xkaxqyh
lgk;d mRiknu vf/dkjh % jktsUnz pkSgku
vkoj.k ,oa fp=kkadu
lfjrk oekZ ekFkqj

2015-16

vkeq[k
jk"Vh; ikB~;p;kZ dh :ijs[kk (2005) lq>krh gS fd cPpksa osQ LowQyh thou dks ckgj osQ thou
ls tksM+k tkuk pkfg,A ;g flkar fdrkch Kku dh ml fojklr osQ foijhr gS] ftlosQ izHkkoo'k
gekjh O;oLFkk vkt rd LowQy vkSj ?kj osQ chp varjky cuk;s gq, gSA u;h jk"Vh; ikB~;p;kZ
ij vk/kfjr ikB~;e vkSj ikB~;iqLrosaQ bl cqfu;knh fopkj ij vey djus dk ;kl gSA bl
;kl esa gj fo"k; dks ,d ekcwr nhokj ls ?ksj nsus vkSj tkudkjh dks jVk nsus dh o`fk dk
fojks/ 'kkfey gSA vk'kk gS fd ;s dne gesa jk"Vh; f'k{kk uhfr (1986) esa of.kZr cky&osaQfnzr
O;oLFkk dh fn'kk esa dkiQh nwj rd ys tk,xsA
bl iz;Ru dh liQyrk vc bl ckr ij fuHkZj gS fd LowQyksa osQ kpk;Z vkSj v;kid cPpksa
dks dYiuk'khy xfrfof/;ksa vkSj lokyksa dh enn ls lh[kus vkSj lh[kus osQ nkSjku vius vuqHkoksa
ij fopkj djus dk fdruk volj nsrs gSaA gesa ;g ekuuk gksxk fd ;fn txg] le; vkSj vkkknh
nh tk, rks cPps cM+kas }kjk lkSia h xbZ lwpuk&lkexzh ls tqMd
+ j vkSj tw>dj u;s Kku dk l`tu djrs
gSaA f'k{kk osQ fofo/ lk/uksa ,oa ksrksa dh vuns[kh fd, tkus dk eq[k dkj.k ikB~;iqLrd dks
ijh{kk dk ,dek=k vk/kj cukus dh izof` k gSA ltZuk vkSj igy dks fodflr djus osQ fy;s k:jh
gS fd ge cPpksa dks lh[kus dh izf;k esa iwjk Hkkxhnkj ekusa vkSj cuk,] mUgsa Kku dh fu/kZfjr
[kqjkd dk xzkgd ekuuk NksM+ nsaA
;s ms'; LowQy dh nSfud fkanxh vkSj dk;Z'kSyh esa dkI+kQh isQjcny dh ekx djrs gSaA nSfud
le;&lkj.kh esa yphykiu mruk gh k:jh gS ftruk okf"kZd dSyasMj osQ vey esa pqLrh] ftlls
f'k{k.k osQ fy;s fu;r fnuksa dh la[;k gdhdr cu losQA f'k{k.k vkSj ewY;kadu dh fof/;k Hkh bl
ckr dks r; djsxa h fd ;g ikB~;iqLrd LowQy esa cPpksa osQ thou dks ekufld ncko rFkk cksfj;r
dh txg [kq'kh dk vuqHko mRiUu djus esa fdruh Hkkoh fl gksrh gSA cks> dh leL;k ls fuiVus
osQ fy;s ikB~;e fuekZrkvksa us fofHkUu pj.kksa esa Kku dk iqufuZ/kj.k djrs le; cPpksa osQ euksfoKku
,oa v;kiu osQ fy;s miyC/ le; dk ;ku j[kus dh igys ls vf/d lpsr dksf'k'k dh gSA
bl dksf'k'k dks vkSj lkFkZd cukus osQ ;Ru esa ;g ikB~;iqLrd lksp&fopkj vkSj foLe;] NksVs
lewgksa esa ckrphr ,oa cgl vkSj gkFk ls dh tkus okyh xfrfof/;ksa dks izkFkfedrk nsrh gSA

2015-16

,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- bl iqLrd dh jpuk osQ fy;s cukbZ xbZ ikB~;iqLrd fuekZ.k lfefr osQ
ifjJe osQ fy, rKrk O;Dr djrh gSA ifj"kn~ lkekftd foKku ikB~;iqLrd lykgdkj lewg
osQ v;{k izksI-ksQlj gfj oklqnsou vkSj vFkZ'kkL=k ikB~;iqLrd lfefr osQ eq[; lykgdkj ksI+ksQlj
rkil etwenkj dk fo'ks"k vkHkkjh gSA bl ikB~;iqLrd osQ fodkl esa dbZ f'k{kdksa us ;ksxnku fn;k_
bl ;ksxnku dks laHko cukus osQ fy;s ge muosQ kpk;ks osQ vkHkkjh gSaA ge mu lHkh laLFkkvksa
vkSj laxBuksa osQ fr rK gSa ftUgksaus vius lalk/uksa] lkexzh rFkk lg;ksfx;ksa dh enn ysus esa gesa
mnkjrkiwoZd lg;ksx fn;kA ge ek;fed ,oa mPp f'k{kk foHkkx] ekuo lalk/u fodkl ea=kky;
}kjk ksI+ksQlj e`.kky ehjh ,oa ksI+ksQlj th- ih- ns'kikaMs dh v;{krk esa xfBr fuxjkuh lfefr
(ekWfuVfjax desVh) osQ lnL;ksa dks viuk ewY;oku le; vkSj lg;ksx nsus osQ fy, /U;okn nsrs
gSaA O;oLFkkxr lq/kjksa vkSj vius dk'kuksa esa fujarj fu[kkj ykus osQ fr lefiZr ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-VhfVIif.k;ksa o lq>koksa dk Lokxr djsxh] ftuls Hkkoh la'kks/uksa esa enn yh tk losQA

funs'kd
jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku
vkSj f'k{k.k ifj"kn

u;h fnYyhA
20 fnlacj 2005

iv

2015-16

ikB~;iqLrd fuekZ.k lfefr

v;{k] lkekftd foKku ikB~;iqLrd lykgdkj lfefr
gfj oklqnsou] ksI+ksQlj] bfrgkl foHkkx] dydkk fo'ofo|ky;] dksydkrkA
eq[; lykgdkj
rkil etwenkj] ,esfjVl ksI+ksQlj] vFkZ'kkL=k] tokgjyky usg: fo'ofo|ky;] u;h fnYyhA
lfefr
vkj- Jhfuoklu] oDrk] vFkZ'kkL=k foHkkx] vfjaxuj vUuk jktdh; dyk egkfo|ky;] foYyqiqje
rfeyukMqA
xksihukFk is:eqyk] oDrk] VkVk lkekftd foKku laLFkku] eqacbZA
t;k flag] oDrk] Mh-bZ-,l-,l-] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyhA
fuf'kr jatu] ih-th-Vh- (vFkZ'kkL=k)] U;w vyhiqj cgqs'kh; fo|ky;] csgyk] dksydkrkA
uhjtk jf'e] okpd] Mh-bZ-,l-,l-] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyhA
ukS'kkn vyh vktkn] ksI+ksQlj] vFkZ'kkL=k foHkkx] tkfe;k fefy;k bLykfe;k] u;h fnYyhA
frek oqQekjh] oDrk] Mh-bZ-,l-,l-] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyhA
iwue c{lh] ofj"B izoDrk] vFkZ'kkL=k foHkkx] iatkc fo'ofo|ky; paMhx<+A
ch-lh-BkoqQj] ih-th-Vh- (vFkZ'kkL=k)] jktdh; frHkk fodkl fo|ky;] fnYyhA
jke xksiky] okpd] vFkZ'kkL=k foHkkx] vUukeykbZ fo'ofo|ky;] vUukeykbZ uxj] rfeyukMqA
lfork iVuk;d] ih-th-Vh- (vFkZ'kkL=k)] MseksLVs'ku LowQy] jhtuy baLVhP;wV vkWiQ ,tqosQ'ku]
lfpoky; ekxZ] Hkqous'ojA
'kfeZ"Bk cuthZ] kkuk;kfidk] fo|k Hkkjrh ckfydk mPp fo|ky;] dksydkrkA
gnh vuqokn
vuqoknd eaMy
,p- osQ xqIrk] fnYyhA
vks- ih- vxzoky] u;h fnYyhA
dkark tks'kh] ih-th-Vh- (vFkZ'kkL=k)] jktdh; dU;k mPp ek;fed fo|ky;] u;h fnYyhA
ch- lh- BkoqQj] ih-th-Vh- (vFkZ'kkL=k)] jktdh; izfrHkk fodkl fo|ky;] fnYyhA
Hkokuh 'akdj ckxyk] izokpd] vFkZ'kkL=k foHkkx] ih-th-Mh-,-oh] u;h fnYyhA
jf'e 'kekZ] ih-th-Vh- (vFkZ'kkL=k)] osaQnzh; fo|ky;] ts-,u-;w- dSail] u;h fnYyhA
yhuk flag] ih-th-Vh- (vFkZ'kkL=k)] osaQnzh; fo|ky;] ,-th-lh-vkj-] fnYyhA
Jh izse nkl] u;h fnYyhA
jktsUnz izlkn frokjh] u;h fnYyhA
jes'k pUnz] u;h fnYyhA
lnL; leUo;d
,e-oh- Jhfuoklu] oDrk] Mh-bZ-,l-,l-] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyhA

2015-16

vkHkkj
bl ikB~;iqLrd osQ fuekZ.k esa dbZ fe=kksa rFkk lgdfeZ;ksa dk lg;ksx izkIr gqvk gSA jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd
vuqla kku vkSj izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~ ,e- djixe] oDrk] vFkZ'kkL=k foHkkx] ehuk{kh dkWyt
s ] psUubZ_
ts-s tkWu] funs'kd] lsVa j iQkWj ,tqoQs 'ku ,aM dE;qfuosQ'ku] u;h fnYyh_ izR;w"k osQ- eaMy] okpd] MhbZ-,l-,l-,p-] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-_ uanu jsMM~ h] funs'kd (fodkl)] daluZ iQkWj ofdZxa fpYMZu] cSxa yksj_
oh lsyoe] fjlpZ LdkWyj] {ks=kh; v;;u laLFkku&tokgjyky usg: fo'ofo|ky;] u;h fnYYkh_
ksI+kQs lj] lrh'k tSu] lsVa j iQkWj bdukWfed LVMht ,aM Iykafuax] tokgj yky usg: fo'ofo|ky;] u;h
fnYyh_ iwtk diwj] ekWMuZ LowQy] ckjk[kack jksM] u;h fnYyh_ fiz;k oSn;~ ] ljnkj iVsy fo|ky;]
yks/h ,LVsV] u;h fnYyh_ rFkk ufyuh in~eukHku] Mh-Vh-bZ-,-] lhfu;j lsoQa Mh LowQy] tudiqjh] u;h
fnYyh dks bl iqLrd osQ fuekZ.k osQ fy, lg;ksx vkSj lkexzh iznku djus gsrq vkHkkj izdV djrh gSA
ifj"kn~ tkWu czseSu rFkk ikfFkZo 'kkg dk] vkWDliQksMZ ;wfuoflZVh] u;h fnYyh }kjk izdkf'kr
mudh iqLrd ^ofdZax bu nk fey uks eksj* ls iQksVksxzkiQ dk mi;ksx djus gsrq vkHkkj O;Dr djrh
gSaA oqQN dgkfu;k ih- lkbZukFk }kjk fyf[kr ,oe~ isaX;wbu cqDl] u;h fnYyh }kjk izdkf'kr iqLrd
^,ojhckWMh yOl , xkWM MkmV* ls yh xbZ gSA fdlkuksa osQ }kjk dh tk jgh vkRegR;k ls lacafkr
,d fp=k ^n fganw* ls fy;k x;k gSA i;kZoj.k eqksa ls tqM+s oqQN fp=k rFkk ikB~;&lkexzh ^LVsV
vkWiQ bafM;u buok;jesaV&1] 2* ls fy;s x;s gaS] tks lsaVj iQWkj lkbal ,aM MsoyiesaV] u;h fnYyh
ls izdkf'kr gSA ifj"kn mu ys[kdksa] dkWih jkbV kkjdksa rFkk izdk'kdksa dks muosQ }kjk iznk lanHkZ
lkefxz;ksa osQ fy, vkHkkj O;Dr djrh gSA ifj"kn~ izsl lwpuk C;wjks] lwpuk rFkk izlkj.k ea=kky;]
u;h fnYyh_ us'kuy jsy E;wft;e] u;h fnYyh dks Hkh muosQ iQksVks iqLrdky; esa miyC/ fp=kksa
osQ mi;ksx dh vuqefr nsus osQ fy, kU;okn nsrh gSA oqQN fp=k tkWu lqjs'k oqQekj] lk;uksfMdy
cksMZ vkWiQ lks'ky lfoZl_ fla/q esuu] ysoj iQkby] u;h fnYyh_ ,l- fFk:eky eq:xu] vkpk;Z]
vfk;eku eSfVoqQys'ku LowQy] RraxjkbZ_ vkj- lh- nkl] lsaVy baLVhP;wV vkWiQ ,tqosQ'kuy
VsDuksykWth_ js.kqdk] us'kuy baLVhP;wV vkWiQ gsYFk ,aM isQeyh osyisQ;j] u;h fnYyh dks muosQ
;ksxnku osQ fy, rKrk O;Dr djrh gSA
lfork flUgk] v;{k] lkekftd foKku ,oe~ ekufodh f'k{kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- dks
Hkh muosQ lg;ksx osQ fy, vkHkkj! ikaMfq yfi dks tkpus&ij[kus rFkk muesa okafNr ifjorZuksa osQ fy,
lq>ko nsus gsrq jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku ,oa izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~ dh lykgdkj laiknd oanuk flag
dks fo'ks"k :i ls /U;oknA
bl iqLrd osQ fodkl esa lg;ksx osQ fy, ifj"kn~ fnisUnz oqQekj] fot; oqQekj] Mh-Vh-ihvkWijsVj_ foHkksj flag] izwiQ jhMj_ fou; 'kadj ik.Ms;] dkWih ,fMVj_ fnus'k oqQekj] bapktZ daI;wVj
d{k osQ izfr Hkh vkHkkj O;Dr djrh gSA

2015-16

bl iqLrd osQ ;ksx ij

^Hkkjrh; vkfFkZd fodkl* ij bl iqLrd dh jpuk dk eq[; ;s; ikBd dks Hkkjrh;
vFkZO;oLFkk osQ le{k eq[; leL;kvksa vkSj eqksa ls ifjfpr djkuk gSA blh f;k esa
uo ;qokvksa dks bu fo"k;ksa osQ fr laosnu'khy cukus osQ lkFk&lkFk mUgsa fofHkUu
vkfFkZd f;kvksa esa ljdkj dh Hkwfedk dh lekykspuk dj ikus esa l{ke cukuk Hkh gSA
;g iqLrd ns'k osQ vkfFkZd lalkkuksa vkSj fofHkUu {ks=kdksa esa muosQ ;ksx osQ fo"k; esa
Hkh tkudkjh nku dj jgh gSA lkFk gh Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk osQ fofHkUu vk;keksa ls tqM+s
vkdM+ksa }kjk ifjek.kkRed tkudkjh osQ lkFk&lkFk ns'k dh vkfFkZd uhfr;ksa dh Hkh ,d
>yd blesa lekfgr gSA bu lcosQ vk/kj ij vk'kk dh tk jgh gS fd ikBd viuh
fo'ys"k.k {kerkvksa dks fodflr dj vkfFkZd ?kVuke dks le>us vkSj Hkkjr osQ
vkfFkZd Hkfo"; osQ fo"k; esa viuk ,d n`f"Vdks.k fodflr dj ikus esa liQy gksaxsA
fiQj Hkh] gekjk ;kl jgk gS fd ikBd ij vo/kj.kkvksa vksj vkdM+ksa dk vfkd cks>
u gksus ik,A
tgk rd fofHkUu vkfFkZd 'uksa vkSj o`fk;ksa dh ckr gS] iqLrd esa muosQ fo"k;
esa oSdfYid erksa dks Li"V fd;k x;k gS] rkfd ikBd mu ij Kku vkkkfjr ppkZvksa
esa Hkkxhnkj cu losaQA Hkkjrh; vkfFkZd fodkl ij bl ikB;e dks iw.kZ djus osQ
i'pkr~ gesa vk'kk gS fd ikBd vius bnZ&fxnZ py jgs lac Lrjh; vkfFkZd ?kVuke
dks le> ik,xs vkSj lapkj ek;eksa (ehfM;k) }kjk miyCk djkbZ xbZ rRlac/h lwpuk
dks le> dj mldk vkykspukRed ewY;kadu dj ik,xsA
bl ikB~;e osQ R;sd v;k; esa oqQN f;kRed xfrfof/;k Hkh lq>kbZ xbZ
gSaA ;g dk;Z Nk=kksa dks f'k{kdksa osQ ekxZn'kZu esa djuk gSA okLro esa]
bl ikB~;e esa Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk osQ le> ikus esa f'k{kd dh
Hkwfedk dks vf/d le`fdkjd vkSj lkFkZd cukus dk ;kl fd;k
x;k gSA bu f;kRed xfrfof/;ksa dk d{kk esa ifjppkZ] vkfFkZd
losZ{k.k vkfn ljdkjh nLrkostksa] vfHkys[kksa] lekpkj&i=kksa] Vsyhfotu o
vU; lzksrksa ls tkudkjh (vkdMa+s) ,d=k djuk vkfn lfEefyr gSA
fofHkUu fo"k;ksa ij fo}kuksa osQ ys[k vkSj iqLrosaQ i<+us osQ fy, Hkh f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks
ksRlkfgr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
bu lHkh ms';ksa dh kfIr dks laHko cukus osQ fy, f'k{kdksa dks fo"k; vkjaHk
djus ls iwoZ gh oqQN dk;Z kjaHk djus gksaxsA 'kSf{kd o"kZ osQ vkjaHk esa gh f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks

2015-16

iapo"khZ; ;kstukvksa] f"k] m|ksx] lsokvksa rFkk xjhch fuokj.k] jkstxkj lokZu] xzkeh.k
fodkl] i;kZoj.k] vk/kfjd lajpuk] LokLF;] f'k{kk] tkZ ,oa phu o ikfdLrku osQ
vkfFkZd ?kVuke vkfn osQ fo"k; esa lekpkj&i=kksa] if=kdkvksa vkfn ls mi;qDr
tkudkjh ,d=k djus dks dgk tkuk pkfg,A tc f'k{kd d{kk esa dksbZ fo"k; i<+kuk
kjaHk djs] rks f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa osQ ikl mlls lac drjus d{kk esa nf'kZr djus osQ fy,
miyC/ gksuh pkfg,A f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa osQ fy, o"kZ osQ vkjaHk esa gh bu drjuksa osQ laxzg
djus esa tqV tkuk cgqr egRoiw.kZ gksxkA rHkh os mi;qDr le; ij vko';d tkudkjh
Lrqr dj ik,xsA ;g vknr Hkfo"; esa mudh f'k{kk osQ mkjkskj lksikuksa esa cgqr gh
lgk;d fl gksxhA
lHkh LowQyksa dks fro"kZ vkfFkZd losZ{k.k dh fr [kjhnuh gksxhA ;g Hkkjrh;
vFkZO;oLFkk dh uohure tkudkjh dk cgqr mi;ksxh ksr gksrk gSA blesa ladfyr
fjiksVks ls Nk=kksa dk ifjp; vko';d gSA fofHkUu f;kRed xfrfof/;ksa esa ml
tkudkjh dk mi;ksx gksxkA losZ{k.k osQ lkaf[;dh; ifjf'k"Vksa osQ vkdM+s fofHkUu eqksa
dks Hkyh&Hkkfr le>us esa furkar mi;ksxh gksaxsA
vFkZO;oLFkk osQ fdlh Hkh eqs ij ppkZ djrs le; mlls tqM+s vkdM+ksa dh
O;k[;k vifjgk;Z gks tkrh gSA ;fn ge lao`f njksa dh ckr djrs gSa] rks oqQy lao`f
vkSj {ks=kdokj lao`f dh ppkZ gh i;kZIr ugha gksxhA f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks lao`f njksa dh
o`fk;ksa] mu njksa dks miyCk djus dh f;kvksa rFkk mUgsa laHko cukus okys dkjdksa
osQ ckjs esa Hkh crkuk vfuok;Z gks tk,xkA ;g lc rks osQoy lao`f njksa dks fdlh
rkfydk esa ntZ djus ls dgha vkxs rd tkus ij gh laHko gksxkA lHkh
v;k;ksa esa oqQN ekad vafdr ckWDl Hkh gSaA buesa eq[; ikB esa dh
xbZ ppkZ ls tqM+h vfrfjDr tkudkjh j[kh xbZ gSA ;s ckWDl v;;u
dks okLrfod thou osQ vf/d fudV ykus dk ;kl gSA
;s vkdM+ksa osQ ekuoh; i{k dks mtkxj djrs gaS] drq ;s ckWDl vkSj
f;kRed xfrfof/;ksa] ijh{kk ,oa ewY;kadu osQ fy, ;ksx ugha fd,
tk,xsA
v;k;ksa osQ var esa ijaijkxr vH;kl 'uksa osQ lkFk&lkFk oqQN
vfrfjDr f;kRed dk;Z Hkh lq>k, x, gSaA buesa ls ikB osQ chp esa nh
xbZ vfrfjDr xfrfof/;ksa esa ls vf/d foLr`r xfrfof/;k f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks v;;u&ifj;kstuk
osQ :i esa nh tk ldrh gSA bu ifj;kstukvksa dh jpuk esa f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks ikB~;iqLrd
dh lkexzh ls dgha vkxs rd tkus dks ksRlkfgr djuk f'k{kdkas dk nkf;Ro gksxkA

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lHkh LowQyksa esa lwpuk laca/h kS|ksfxdh; lqfokk, lqyHk gksuk rks vko';d ugha gS]
fiQj Hkh f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks ;g tkuuk egRoiw.kZ gksxk fd vc Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk osQ
fo"k; esa lHkh tkudkfj;k baVjusV ij miyC/ gSaA f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks
baVjusV ;ksx dj ljdkjh foHkkxksa dh osclkbV ls mi;qDr tkudkjh
kIr djus dks ksRlkfgr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A ge tkurs gh gaS fd
xjhch&fo"k;d lkjh tkudkjh ;kstuk vk;ksx dkf'kr djrk gSA Nk=kksa
dks ;g crk;k tkuk pkfg, fd Hkkjr ljdkj osQ ;kstuk vk;ksx dh osclkbV ij
Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk osQ vusd vk;keksa ls tqM+h tkudkfj;k fofHkUu fjiksVks osQ :i esa
lqyHk gSaA bu fjiksVks dh eqfr fr;k kIr gksuk lnSo laHko ugha gksxkA drq] usV ls
budks daI;wVj ij mrkj dj budk d{kkvksa esa ;ksx rks gks ldrk gSA
vc rks fiNys nl o"kks osQ vkfFkZd los{Z k.k tSls nLrkost www://budgetindia.nic.in
uked osclkbV ij miyC/ gSA cgqr ls laxBuksa us vius osclkbV dk irk cnyk gSA
;fn fdrkc osQ vyx&vyx v;k;ksa esa fn, x, osclkbV ugha [kqy jgs gSa rks mu irksa
dks lpZ batu osQ }kjk <w<as] tSls xqxy (GOOGLE )(www.google.co.in )R;sd v;k; osQ eq[; cnqvksa dks lkj la{ksi osQ varxZr nksgjkus dk dk;Z Hkh
fd;k x;k gSA eq[; ikB esa ;qDr rkfydk, vusd 'kks/&i=kksa@jpukvksa ls ladfyr gqbZ
gSaA mu jpukvksa dks lanHkZ xzaFk dh lwph esa j[kk x;k gSA drq R;sd lkj.kh osQ uhps
lanHkZ lzksr ugha fn, gSa] D;ksafd ;s fofHkUu 'kks/&lkefxz;ksa ls fy, x, gSa ftudk
mYys[k ^lanHkZ* esa fd;k x;k gSA
ge ,d ckj fiQj ;g ckr nksgjk jgs gSa fd bl iqLrd dh jpuk dk ;s;
f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dh lef"V Lrjh; leL;kvksa ls ifjfpr djk
mUgsa muosQ fo"k; esa Kku vkkkfjr ifjppkZvksa esa Hkkxhnkjh esa leFkZ cukuk gSA gekjk
;g Hkh vkxzg gS fd bl ikB~;e dks lgh vFkks eas le>us dh lcls vPNh fof/
ijLij lg;ksx gh gksxhA vr% Nk=kksa vkSj f'k{kdksa dks feytqy dj Hkkjrh;
vFkZO;oLFkk osQ fofHkUu i{kksa@vk;keksa ls tqM+h tkudkjh dk ladyu dj iBu&ikBu
osQ fy, mudk lgh ;ksx djuk pkfg,A vki bl fdrkc osQ fdlh Hkh fgLls ls
lacaf/r vius iz'u vkSj izfrf;k fuEufyf[kr irs ij Hkst ldrs gSSaA dk;Ze
leUo;d (vFkZ ' kkL=k)] lkekftd foKku f'k{kk foHkkx] jk"V h ; 'kS f {kd
vuqla/ku vkSj izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~] Jh vjfoUn ekxZ] u;h fnYyh & 110016
bZ-esy% classtenecons2007@hotmail.com.

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2015-16

fo"k; lwph
vkeq[k

iii

bdkbZ ,d % fodkl uhfr;k vkSj vuqHko (1947&90)

1&36

v;k; 1 Lora=krk dh iwoZ la;k ij Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk

&vkSifuosf'kd 'kklu osQ varxZr fuEu&Lrjh; vkfFkZd fodkl
&f"k {ks=kd
&vkS|ksfxd {ks=kd
&fons'kh O;kikj
&tukafddh; ifjfLFkfr
&O;kolkf;d lajpuk
&vkkkfjd lajpuk

3&15
4
5
7
8
9
11
11

v;k; 2 Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk (1950&90)

16&36

&iapo"khZ; ;kstukvksa osQ y{;

&f"k
&m|ksx vkSj O;kikj
&O;kikj uhfr% vk;kr frLFkkiu

bdkbZ nks % vkfFkZd lqkkj 1991 ls

19
23
28
30

37&58
39
40
42
46
47
50

v;k; 3 mnkjhdj.k] futhdj.k vkSj oS'ohdj.k% ,d leh{kk

&i`"BHkwfe
&mnkjhdj.k
&futhdj.k
&oS'ohdj.k
&lqkkjdkyhu Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk,d leh{kk

bdkbZ rhu % Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dh orZeku pqukSfr;k

59&84
61
62
65

v;k; 4 fukZurk
&fukZu dkSu gSa\
&fukZuksa dh igpku dSls gksrh gS\

2015-16

&Hkkjr es fukZuksa dh la[;k

&fukZurk D;ksa gksrh gS\
&fukZurk fuokj.k osQ fy, uhfr;k vkSj dk;Ze
&fukZurk fuokj.k dk;Ze& ,d leh{kk

69
70
74
77
85&102

v;k; 5 Hkkjr esa ekuo iwth dk fuekZ.k

&ekuo iwwth D;k gS\
&ekuo iwwth osQ lzksr
&ekuo iwwth vkSj ekuo fodkl
&Hkkjr esa ekuo iwth fuekZ.k dh fLFkfr
&f'k{kk ij lkoZtfud O;; esa o`f
&Hkfo"; dh laHkkouk,

87
87
93
94
95
97
103&119

v;k; 6 xzkeh.k fodkl

&xzkeh.k fodkl D;k gS\
&xzkeh.k {ks=kdksa esa lk[k vkSj foi.ku
&f"k foi.ku O;oLFkk
&mRiknd fofk;ksa dk fofokhdj.k
&kkj.kh; fodkl vkSj tSfod f"k

104
105
108
110
115

v;k; 7 jkstxkjlao`f] vukSipkjhdj.k ,oa vU; eqs

120&142

&Jfed vkSj jkstxkj

&yksxksa dh jkstxkj esa Hkkxhnkjh
&Lofu;ksftr rFkk HkkM+s osQ Jfed
&iQeks] dkj[kkuksa rFkk dk;kZy;ksa esa jkstxkj
&lao`f ,oa ifjorZu'khy jkstxkj lajpuk
&Hkkjrh; Jecy dk vukSipkjhdj.k
&csjkstxkjh
&ljdkj vkSj jkstxkj l`tu

122
123
125
127
129
132
135
137
143&166

v;k; 8 vkkkfjd lajpuk

&vkkkfjd lajpuk D;k gS\
&vkkkfjd lajpuk dh klafxdrk
&vkkkfjd lajpuk dh fLFkfr
&tkZ
&LokLF;

144
145
146
148
153
xii

2015-16

167&184

v;k; 9 i;kZoj.k vkSj kkj.kh; fodkl

&i;kZoj.k % ifjHkk"kk vkSj dk;Z
&Hkkjr dh i;kZoj.k fLFkfr
&kkj.kh; fodkl
&kkj.kh; fodkl dh j.kuhfr;k

168
172
176
178

bdkbZ pkj % Hkkjr vkSj mlosQ iM+kslh ns'kksa osQ rqyukRed fodkl vuqHko

185&203
187
188
191
192
196
196

v;k; 10 Hkkjr vkSj mlosQ iM+kslh ns'kksa osQ rqyukRed fodkl vuqHko
&fodkl iFk% ,d fp=kkadu
&tukafddh; laosQrd
&ldy ?kjsyw mRikn ,oa {ks=kd
&ekuo fodkl osQ laosQrd
&fodkl uhfr;k% ,d ewY;kadu

ikfjHkkf"kd 'kCnkoyh

204&212

xiii

2015-16

Hkkjr dk lafo/ku
Hkkx 4d

ukxfjdksa osQ ewy drZO;

vuqPNsn 51 d
ewy drZO; & Hkkjr osQ izR;sd ukxfjd dk ;g drZO; gksxk fd og &
(d) lafo/ku dk ikyu djs vkSj mlosQ vkn'kks] laLFkkvksa] jk"Vot vkSj jk"Vxku dk vknj djs_
([k) Lora=krk osQ fy, gekjs jk"Vh; vkanksyu dks izsfjr djus okys mPp vkn'kks dks n; esa latks, j[ks
vkSj mudk ikyu djs_
(x) Hkkjr dh laizHkqrk] ,drk vkSj v[kaMrk dh j{kk djs vkSj mls v{kq..k cuk, j[ks_
(?k) ns'k dh j{kk djs vkSj vkg~oku fd, tkus ij jk"V dh lsok djs_
() Hkkjr osQ lHkh yksxksa esa lejlrk vkSj leku Hkzkr`Ro dh Hkkouk dk fuekZ.k djs tks
/eZ] Hkk"kk vkSj izns'k ;k oxZ ij vkkkfjr lHkh HksnHkkoksa ls ijs gks] ,slh izFkkvksa dk R;kx djs tks
efgykvksa osQ lEeku osQ fo#n~/ gkas_
(p) gekjh lkekfld laL d`fr dh xkSjo'kkyh ijaijk dk egRRo le>s vkSj mldk ifjj{k.k djs_
(N) izk d`frd i;kZoj.k dh] ftlds varxZr ou] >hy] unh vkSj oU; tho gS]a j{kk djs vkSj mldk laokZu
djs rFkk izkf.kek=k osQ izfr n;kHkko j[ks_
(t) oSKkfud n`f"Vdks.k] ekuookn vkSj KkuktZu rFkk lq/kj dh Hkkouk dk fodkl djs_
(>) lkoZtfud laifRr daaks lqjf{kr j[ks vkSj fgalk ls nwj jgs_
(k) O;fDrxr vkSj lkewfgd xfrfof/;ksa osQ lHkh {ks=kksa esa mRd"kZ dh vksj c<+us dk lrr~ iz;kl djs]
ftlls jk"V fujarj c<+rs gq, iz;Ru vkSj miyfC/ dh ubZ mQpkb;ksa dks Nw losQ_ vkSj
(V) ;fn ekrk&firk ;k laj{kd gS] Ng o"kZ ls pkSng o"kZ rd dh vk;q okys vius] ;FkkfLFkfr] ckyd
;k izfrikY; dks f'k{kk osQ volj iznku djsA

2015-16