Professional Documents
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monitoring
Challenges and Solutions
Agenda
1. Low-speed bearing monitoring
Challenges
Solutions
2. SKF's commitment in this field (History, techniques, patents)
3. SKF Multi parameter measurements
4. Case studies
5. New approaches
HAL
AEE
SKF Group
Slide 3
22 March, 2016
1
Challenges
SKF Group
Slide 5
22 March, 2016
SKF Group
Slide 6
22 March, 2016
SKF Group
Slide 8
22 March, 2016
Frequency range:
5%: 0,6 to 700 Hz
10%: 0,4 to 1 000 Hz
3 dB: 0,2 to 2 300 Hz
Impact energy
CMSS 2100
Frequency range:
5%: 3,0 to 5 000 Hz
10%: 1,0 to 9 000 Hz
3 dB: 0,5 to 14 000 Hz
band data
capture range
band data
capture range
Frequency range:
10%: 1,0 to 5 000 Hz
3 dB: 0,7 to 10 000 Hz
Useful range of sensor
SKF Group
Slide 9
22 March, 2016
Non-linear response
Amplification by the
sensor
Reference
Linear response
Near zero amplification by
the sensor
SKF Group
Slide 10
22 March, 2016
Magnet
SKF Group
Slide 11
22 March, 2016
Stud Mount
Constant speed?
With low speed machines
Measurement times are longer
Typically we would like 10 15 events during the measurement time
Constant speed
With long measurement times,
Slow variations in the speed can mask bearing frequencies
SKF Group
Slide 12
22 March, 2016
11.2 RPM
0.8 RPM Delta
9.4 RPM
Speed changed:
16% during the interval
About 8% within a
typical measurement
window
SKF Group
Slide 13
22 March, 2016
Sensor Location
Small signals
Mounting the sensor will make some difference
SKF Group
Slide 14
22 March, 2016
Load Zone
Outside
Load Zone
SKF Group
Slide 15
22 March, 2016
2
SKF Innovation in monitoring and
tribology measurements
SKF Group
Slide 17
22 March, 2016
3
SKF Multi parameter measurements
Multi-parameter measurements
SKF Group
Slide 19
22 March, 2016
Impact signals
Where do those bursts of energy come from?
Impacts for instance, a rolling element rolling over a pit (defect)
SKF Group
Slide 20
22 March, 2016
gE Filter Selection
The acceleration enveloping process groups energy related to
repetitive impulsive signals
Bandpass filter
5 Hz - 100 Hz
50 Hz - 1 kHz
Accelerometer
Enveloping
Detector
500 Hz - 10 kHz
5 kHz - 40 kHz
Felt
Band 1
SKF Group
Slide 21
22 March, 2016
Rolls
Bearings
Band 2
Band 3
Frequency - Hz
FFT Spectrum
Gears and bearings
Band 4
4
Case history / examples
SKF Group
Slide 23
22 March, 2016
SKF Group
Slide 24
22 March, 2016
SKF Group
Slide 25
22 March, 2016
The FFT has no discernable peaks, but the overall is much higher now.
SKF Group
Slide 26
22 March, 2016
SKF Group
Slide 27
22 March, 2016
SKF Group
Slide 28
22 March, 2016
SKF Group
Slide 29
22 March, 2016
SKF Group
Slide 30
22 March, 2016
SKF Group
Slide 31
22 March, 2016
SKF Group
Slide 32
22 March, 2016
Slide 33
22 March, 2016
Envelope Filter 4 has been applied but still no bearing defects appear.
The machine speed varies during the Measurement time
SKF Group
Slide 34
22 March, 2016
Slide 37
22 March, 2016
SKF Group
Slide 38
22 March, 2016
SKF Group
Slide 39
22 March, 2016
Press Side
Motor Side
Outboard edge
corrosion pitting
Press Side
SKF Group
Slide 40
22 March, 2016
Motor Side
5
New approaches
Harmonics
Non-Harmonics
SKF Group
Slide 42
22 March, 2016
Frequency spectrum
SKF Group
22 March, 2016
06.02.2010
02.01.2010
22.09.2009
09.01.2010
15.03.2009
19.11.2009
11.02.2009
04.06.2009
SKF Group
22 March, 2016
Example: Conti-press
Conti-press
Speed main bearing:
Bearing type:
bearings
SKF Group
Slide 45
22 March, 2016
3 7 rpm
Spherical roller Bearing
Bearing replaced
SKF Group
Slide 46
22 March, 2016
Bearing replaced
SKF Group
Slide 47
22 March, 2016
Bearing replaced
(no change in over-all)
Bearing replaced
(large HAL drop)
SKF Group
Slide 48
22 March, 2016
SKF Group
Slide 49
22 March, 2016
Fatigue ~34%
Poor Lubrication ~36%
Contamination ~14%
Poor fitting ~16%
SKF Group
Slide 50
22 March, 2016
SKF Group
AEE Pk
SKF Group
Slide 52
22 March, 2016
Questions?
Questions?
22 March,
Slide
53 2016