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Drilling Rig Operations A To Z Rotary Drilling Rig Components PDF
Drilling Rig Operations A To Z Rotary Drilling Rig Components PDF
2. Power
and Prime
Movers
Internal
combustion
engine
or a turbine that is the source of power
for driving equipment on the Rig.
A drilling rig in which the source of power is one or more internalcombustion engine and in which power is distributed to rig
components through devices such as chains, sprockets, clutches
and shaft is said to be a Mechanical Rig.
AC-DC System
3. Hoisting Component
The Rig Equipment responsible for the raising and lowering of the
Drillstring. Consist of the following:
1. Mast or Derrick
2. Drawworks
3. Crown Block
4. Traveling Block
5. Deadline Anchor
6. Supply Reel
7. Drilling Line
3. Hoisting Component
2. Drawworks
The hoisting mechanism on a drilling rig. It is essentially a winch
that spools off or takes in the drilling line and thus raises or lowers
the drillstring.
3. Hoisting Component
3. Crown Block
An assembly of sheaves mounted on beams at the top of the
derrick/mast and over which the drilling line is reeved.
3. Hoisting Component
3. Crown Block
An assembly of sheaves mounted on beams at the top of the
derrick/mast and over which the drilling line is reeved.
FAST SHEAVE
CROWN SHEAVE
3. Hoisting Component
3. Crown Block
An assembly of sheaves mounted on beams at the top of the
derrick/mast and over which the drilling line is reeved.
3. Hoisting Component
3. Crown Block
An assembly of sheaves mounted on beams at the top of the
derrick/mast and over which the drilling line is reeved.
3. Hoisting Component
4. Traveling Block
An assembly of sheaves or pulleys through which the drilling line is
reeved and which moves up and down in the Derrick or Mast.
BLOCK
HOOK
3. Hoisting Component
4. Traveling Block
An assembly of sheaves or pulleys through which the drilling line is
reeved and which moves up and down in the Derrick or Mast.
3. Hoisting Component
4. Traveling Block
An assembly of sheaves or pulleys through which the drilling line is
reeved and which moves up and down in the Derrick or Mast.
3. Hoisting Component
5. Deadline Anchor
An equipment that holds down the deadline part of the wire rope. It
is usually bolted on to the substructure.
TENSION
COMPRESSION
3. Hoisting Component
5. Deadline Anchor
An equipment that holds down the deadline part of the wire rope. It
is usually bolted on to the substructure.
3. Hoisting Component
6. Supply Reel
A spool that stores the unused portion of the Drilling Line.
3. Hoisting Component
7. Drilling Line
The wire rope used to support the Drilling Tools.
Types of Wire Rope Lay
Right Lang Lay
3. Hoisting Component
7. Drilling Line
The wire rope used to support the Drilling Tools.
Type of Wire Rope Construction
3. Hoisting Component
7. Drilling Line
Typically the wire rope used for Drilling Line would have the
following characteristics:
Shallow:
1 to 1-1/8 diameter
Deep:
1-1/4 to 2 diameter
Contruction:
3. Hoisting Component
4. Rotating Component
The Rig Equipment responsible for rotating the Drillstring. Consist
of the following:
1. Swivel
2. Kelly Spinner
3. Kelly or Top Drive
4. Kelly Bushing
5. Master Bushing
6. Rotary Table
4. Rotating Component
1. Swivel
The rotary tool that is hung from the hook of the traveling block to
suspend the drillstring and permit it to rotate freely.
4. Rotating Component
1. Swivel
It also provide connection for the rotary hose and provide
passageway for the flow of drilling fluid into the drillstem.
4. Rotating Component
1. Swivel
It also provide connection for the rotary hose and provide
passageway for the flow of drilling fluid into the drillstem.
4. Rotating Component
2. Kelly Spinner
A pneumatically controlled device mounted below the Swivel that
when actuated causes the Kelly to spin.
4. Rotating Component
2. Kelly Spinner
A pneumatically controlled device mounted below the Swivel that
when actuated causes the Kelly to spin.
4. Rotating Component
3. Kelly
The heavy steel member, usually four or six-sided that is suspended
from the Swivel through the Rotary Table and connected to the
topmost joint of drillpipe to turn the drill stem as the rotary table
turns.
4. Rotating Component
3. Kelly
It has a bored passageway that permits fluid to be circulated into
the drill stem and up the annulus or vise versa.
4. Rotating Component
3. Top Drive
A hydraulically powered device located below the Swivel that when
actuated allows the Drillstem to spin and proceed in drilling.
4. Rotating Component
4. Kelly Bushing
A device that when fitted to master bushing transmits torque to the
kelly and simultaneously permits vertical movement of the Kelly to
make hole.
Type HDP
Heavy Duty fits 23 through 49-1/2
Rotary Table
Type HDS
Heavy Duty for Square Drive Rotary
Tables
Type MDS
Medium Duty for Square Rotary
Table
4. Rotating Component
5. Master Bushing
A device that fits into the rotary table to accommodate the slips and
drive the kelly bushing so that the rotating motion of the rotary table
can be transmitted to the Kelly.
Type MSPC
Type MPCH
Type MSPC
Type MBSS
4. Rotating Component
6. Rotary Table
Equipment used to turn the drill stem and support the drilling
assembly.
4. Rotating Component
6. Rotary Table
It has a beveled gear arrangement to create the rotational motion
and opening into which bushings are fitted to drive and support the
drilling assembly.
4. Rotating Component
6. Rotary Table
It has a beveled gear arrangement to create the rotational motion
and opening into which bushings are fitted to drive and support the
drilling assembly.
4. Rotating Component
6. Rotary Table
It has a beveled gear arrangement to create the rotational motion
and opening into which bushings are fitted to drive and support the
drilling assembly.
375
4. Rotating Component
5. Circulating Component
The Rig Equipment responsible the movement of drilling fluid within
the well as well as solids removal incurred by the drilling fluid.
Normally the circulation would start from the mud pits, down the
drill stem, up the annulus and back to the mud pits.
5. Circulating Component
Circulating component consist of the following:
1. Mud Pump
7. Return Line
2. Pump Manifold
8. Shale Shaker
3. Standpipe
9. Desander
4. Swivel
10. Desilter
5. Drillstring
11. Degasser
6. Annulus
5. Circulating Component
1. Mud Pump
A large, high-pressure reciprocating pump used to circulated the
mud on a drilling rig.
A typical mud pump is a two cylinder, double acting or a threecylinder, single acting piston pump whose pistons travel in
replaceable liners and are driven by a crankshaft actuated by an
engine or motor.
5. Circulating Component
1. Mud Pump
5. Circulating Component
1. Mud Pump
1. SUCTION TANK
2. PREHYDRATION TANK
3. CHARGING PUMP
4. AGITATOR MOTORS
5. MUD HOPPPER
6. SUCTION LINE
7. CHARGING PUMP (MP)
8. MUD PUMP
9. VALVE AND PUMP PISTON
10. MUD PUMP DISCHARGE
MANIFOLD
11. PRESSURE GAUGE
12. PULSATION DAMPENER
13. PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE
14. DISCHARGE LINE
15. MUD PUMP ENGINE
16. INTERMEDIATE TANK
5. Circulating Component
2. Pump Manifold
An arrangement of piping and valves that receives drilling fluid from
one or more mud pumps and transmit the drilling fluid to the
succeeding circulating component.
5. Circulating Component
2. Pump Manifold
5. Circulating Component
3. Standpipe
The vertical pipe rising along the side of the Derrick or Mast, which
joins mud pump manifold to the rotary hose.
5. Circulating Component
7. Return Line
The passageway of the drilling fluid as it comes out of the well.
5. Circulating Component
8. Shale Shaker
An equipment the uses a vibrating screen to remove cuttings from
the circulating fluid in rotary drilling operations.
1. RETURN LINE
2. POSSUM BELLY
3. ELECTRIC MOTOR
4. SHAKER SCREEN
5. Circulating Component
8. Shale Shaker
Shale shakers are designed to handle 100-1600 gpm flowrate of mud
and be able to remove cutting to size of 77 microns using a 200
mesh screen.
5. Circulating Component
8. Shale Shaker
Shale shakers are designed to handle 100-1600 gpm flowrate of mud
and be able to remove cutting to size of 77 microns using a 200
mesh screen.
5. Circulating Component
9. Desander
A centrifugal device for removing sand from the drilling fluid to
prevent abrasion of the pumps.
5. Circulating Component
10. Desilter
Also a centrifugal device for removing free particles of silt from the
drilling fluid to keep the amount of solids in the fluid at the lowest
possible point.
5. Circulating Component
11. Degasser
5. Circulating Component
12. Mud Pit
A waste pit, usually an excavated earthen-walled pit.
5. Circulating Component
1. Drill Pipe
2. Drill Collar
3. Heavy Weight Drill Pipe
4. Kelly
5. Subs
TONG SPACE
NECK
SHOULDER
NECK
SHOULDER
TONG SPACE
PIN
BODY
BOX
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
RANGE LENGHTS
TOLERANCES
1. Drillpipe
1. Bit Sub
2. Crossover Sub
3. Kelly Saver Sub
4. Lifting Sub
5. Bent Sub
3. Subs
A short, threaded piece of pipe used to adapt parts of the drilling
string that cannot otherwise be screwed together because of
difference in thread size or design.
3. Subs
A short, threaded piece of pipe used to adapt parts of the drilling
string that cannot otherwise be screwed together because of
difference in thread size or design.
7. Safety Clamp
2. Elevator
8. Tongs
3. Lifting Subs
9. Kelly Spinner
4. Lifting Plug
5. Tugger/Winch
6. Slips
1. Elevator Links
Equipment attached onto the Traveling Block in order to suspend
the Elevators.
1. Elevator
Clamps that grip a stand of casing, tubing, drillpipe or drill collars
so that the stand or joint can be raised from or lowered into the hole
opening of the rotary table.
1. Elevator
5. Tugger/Winch
A pneumatically operated drum with wire rope spooled onto it to
move or lift heavy objects on the rig floor.
6. Slips
A wedge shape piece of metal with teeth or other gripping elements
that are used to prevent pipe from slipping down into hole or to hold
the pipe in place.
6. Slips
A wedge shape piece of metal with teeth or other gripping elements
that are used to prevent pipe from slipping down into hole or to hold
the pipe in place.
6. Slips
A wedge shape piece of metal with teeth or other gripping elements
that are used to prevent pipe from slipping down into hole or to hold
the pipe in place.
Casing Slips
6. Slips
A wedge shape piece of metal with teeth or other gripping elements
that are used to prevent pipe from slipping down into hole or to hold
the pipe in place.
6. Safety Clamp
The are used on tubulars above the slips to prevent dropping the
string should the slips fail to hold.
Safety Clamp
7. Safety Clamp
The are used on tubulars above the slips to prevent dropping the
string should the slips fail to hold.
8. Tong
Large wrenches used to make or break out tubulars.
Make up Tong
Breakout Tong
8. Tong
Large wrenches used to make or break out tubulars.
Making Connection
8. Tong
Large wrenches used to make or break out tubulars.
Breaking Connection
9. Kelly Spinner
A pneumatically operated device mounted on top of the kelly that
when actuated causes the kelly to spin.
KELLY SPINNER
DRILLPIPE SPINNER
IRON ROUGHNECK
BIT BREAKER
8. Bit
A variety of bits are available for drilling and sampling operation.
The selection of bit is usually dependent on the formation which is
to be drilled and the purpose of the borehole.
Bit
Fixed Cutter Bits
Drill Bit
Core Bit
Material
Material
Steel Mill
Tungsten Carbide Inserts
8. Bit
TSP BIT
8. Bit
8. Bit
CORE BIT
8. Bit
MILL TOOTH
TRICONE BIT
9. Fishing Tools
The Rig Equipment used for the purpose of retrieving from the
wellbore sections of pipe, casing or other items which may have
become stuck or inadvertently dropped in the hole. These are the
following:
1. Overshot
7. Junk Mill
2. Taper Tap
8. Casing Scraper
3. Grapple Spear
4. Junk Basket
5. Fishing Magnet
6. Wireline Spear
9. Fishing Tools
1. Overshot
Overshot is an external catch fishing tool designed to retrieve
tubular items from the well bore.
SPIRAL GRAPPLE
OVERSHOT
BASKET GRAPPLE
OVERSHOT
9. Fishing Tools
2. Taper Tap
Is an internal catch fishing tool designed to retrieve tubular
members from the wellbore. The wicker thread are allowed to be
embedded into the interior of the fish.
Taper Tap
9. Fishing Tools
3. Grapple Spear
Is also an internal catch fishing tool designed to retrieve tubular
members from the wellbore.
The grapple spear is run in and positioned
inside the fish. Rotating the Grapple Spear
one turn to the left will engaged the grapple
and caused tapers on the mandrel to expand
the grapple and bite into the fish.
9. Fishing Tools
4. Junk Basket
Is a junk retrieval tool designed to remove all type of objects from
the bottom of the well. Such items as slip, hand tools, bit cones and
any other pieces of junk in the well.
With direct circulation
the coring action on
the junk proceeds until
24 inch core is cut. The
finger on the upper
catcher break the core
when an upward strain
is applied.
9. Fishing Tools
5. Fishing Magnet
Is a junk retrieval tool designed to effectively remove metal
particles, shavings and debris from the bottom of the wellbore.
The assembly is run in
the hole and hold 6 to
12 inches above the
fish. Circulate
generously to wash
away cuttings. Reduce
circulation, lower the
magnet to the fish and
rotate slightly to obtain
good contact. Cut off
circulation and pull out
of hole.
9. Fishing Tools
6. Wireline Spear
Is a junk retrieval tool designed to retrieve wireline and wire rope
from the wellbore.
The spear is made up
and run in hole , upon
reaching the wire to be
retrieved the spear is
lowered slowly
allowing the barbs to
engage the wire. The
spear is then lifted out
of the hole.
9. Fishing Tools
7. Junk Mill
Are designed to mill fish such as packers, squeeze tools,
perforating guns, drill pipe, tool joints, reamer, reamer blades and
rock bits.
9. Fishing Tools
8. Casing Scraper
Is designed to remove scale, mud cake, cement sheath, embedded
bullets, and other foreign materials inside the casing wall.
CROWN BLOCK
MAST
CATLINE BOOM
MONKEY BOARD
STAND PIPE
TUBING BOARD
DRILL PIPE
FLARE LINE
CATWALK
WATER TANK
PIPE RACK
DOG HOUSE
MUD TANKS
MUD SACK
STORAGE
HYDRAULIC POWER UNIT
PUMPS AND HOPPER
ACCUMULATOR
MUD PUMP
CABLE TRAY
GENERATORS
WAREHOUSE
TRAVELING BLOCK
ROTARY HOSE
TOP DRIVE
DRILLING LINE
DRAWWORKS
MUD CLEANER
SHALE SHAKER
DEGASSER
AGITATOR
TRIP TANK
MUD GUN
DRILLERS CONSOLE
ROTARY TABLE
RIG FLOOR
PIPE SETBACK AREA
BLOWOUT PREVENTER
SUBSTRUCTURE
CUTTINGS CONVEYOR
PIPE RAMP
CHOKE MANIFOLD
Area Manager
Rig Manager
Materials Man
Warehouseman
Maintenance
Engineer
Rig Mechanic
Electrician
Toolpusher
Welder
Driller
Pipe Fitter
Crane Optr.
Asst. Driller
Motorman
Pump Tender
Derrickman
Roughneck
Roustabout
Rigger
Driver
Helper
Rig Manager
Responsible in administering and implementing the Operators and Drilling
Contractors guidelines and regulation.
Carries out daily onsite supervision to ensure that Rig Operation meet
Operators expectation and safety regulation.
Responsible in implementing extensive job and safety training.
Responsible in administering and implementing the Operators and Drilling
Contractors guidelines and regulation.
Ensure the integrity of all oilfield equipment, maintaining visual aspects of
oilfield site; promote cleanliness and enhancing the safety of the crew.
Toolpusher
Responsible for the supervision of the Rig Operation and maintain drilling
equipment to the highest standard of efficiency.
Interface and coordinate with the Drilling Superintendent, Area Manager,
Rig Manager, Service Man and other key personnel for Drilling Program
Implementation and Modification, Supplies, Crew Schedule and changes.
Performs inspection, periodical inventories and scheduling of material and
equipment consumption and deliveries as well as backloading if applicable.
Driller
Responsible for the manipulation and supervision of the Rig and all the in
line equipment and sensors as well as proper top out (fill up) and control of
the bore hole to maintain the parameters required by the Operator.
To record important dimension and implementing safety programs on
various operational modes (Rig setting, skidding, drilling, tripping, fishing,
well completion, well flow and pressure testing etc.) in conformity with the
specification and regulation imposed by authorities.
To evaluate tour sheet, personnel and safety progress so as to recommend
contingent action at certain level of operation to meet the standard in all
occasion of the drilling program.
Responsible for the Rig-Up and Rig Down of the Drilling Contractor
equipment .
Assistant Driller
Responsible for the preparation, strapping (measurement), inspection and
proper storage of BOP, BHA and other drilling components and
consumables throughout the cycle of operation.
Responsible for the line up of valves on all manifolds or lines and for
random and periodical checkup as well as serving of all equipment and
assemblies in the system.
Prepare tour sheet and kill sheet, check and lead work force and held
lecture during safety meeting.
To secure all equipment from Mast, Rig Floor, Substructure to main and
cellar deck during Rig Mobilization.
Derrickman
Responsible for the Monkey Board on trips and other Derrick itineraries.
Maintains Mud Pumps, Mud Control Devices, Flow line and its accessories.
Maintain Mud Volume and mud Properties and directed by the Mud
engineer.
Prepare report on mixed mud and equipment Performance such as pumps,
agitators and sensors.
Assist roughneck at the floor, cellar deck and anywhere needed.
Housekeeping job on pump room, pit room etc.
Roughneck
Responsible for the positioning of slips, tongs, spinner, elevator and other
rig equipment as directed by the Driller, Assistant Driller and other ranking
personnel.
To operated tuggers for lifting and lowering equipment and materials from
the pipe rack to the rig floor.
Assist serviceman to the Rig-Up and Rig-Down of their equipment.
Perform housekeeping jobs and servicing equipment.
To watch the shaker and other solid control equipment during circulation
and drilling.
Assist Derrickman in some derrick itineraries.